ANALISIS SPASIAL FAKTOR RISIKO MALARIA

DI KECAMATAN TAMBAK KABUPATEN BANYUMAS

Prakosa Jati Prasetyo

Abstrak
Latar belakang: Kecamatan Tambak adalah kecamatan dengan kejadian tertinggi
kasus malaria di Kabupaten Banyumas tahun 2012. Malaria sendiri adalah
penyakit menular ini yang dapat rekuren dan disebabkan oleh Plasmodium.
Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko
terhadap kejadian malaria.
Metode Statistik: Jenis penelitian adalah observasional analitik dengan
pendekatan case control (retrospektif). Metode penarikan sampel untuk kelompok
kasus dan kelompok kontrol yaitu total sampling. Jumlah sampel minimal untuk
masing-masing kasus dan kontrol yaitu dengan perbandingan 1:1. Analisis data
secara bivariabel (chi-square) dan analisis multivariabel (regresi logistik) serta
distribusi spasial.
Hasil: Hasil uji multivariabel Pendapatan (OR=6,114, 95% CI = 0,888-42,111),
pemasangan kawat kasa (OR=41,011, 95% CI = 4,365-385,347), kebiasaan keluar
malam hari (OR=3,808, 95% CI = 0,755-19,206), pemakaian obat antinyamuk
(OR= 17,809, 95% CI= 3,328-95,296), letak Kandang (OR=15,478, 95% CI =
2,741-87,410), dan letak semak-semak (OR = 138,599, 95% CI =16,703-
1150,049) merupakan faktor risiko. Distribusi spasial menunjukkan kejadian
malaria mengelompok(cluster) pada satu wlayah tertentu saja.
Kesimpulan: Pendapatan, pemakaian kawat kasa, kebiasaan keluar malam hari,
pemakaian obat antinyamuk, letak kandang, dan letak semak-semak merupakan
faktor risiko Malaria di Kecamatan Tambak Kabupaten Banyumas Tahun 2012.

Kata Kunci : Malaria, Faktor risiko, Spasial, Kecamatan Tambak.

 SPATIAL ANALYSIS THE RISKING FAKTORS OF MALARIA
INCIDENCE AT TAMBAK SUBDISTRICT BANYUMAS REGION

Prakosa Jati Prasetyo

Abstract

Background: Tambak Sub-district was highest incidence of malaria in Banyumas

Regency by the year of 2012. Malaria was infectious and able to be a recurrent
disease. It was caused by Plasmodium.
Purpose research: The aim of this research was to analyze the risk factors of
Malaria.
Statistics Method: The design of this research was analytic observational with
retrospective case-control study. Total sampling method was used to attain sample
in this research. Ratio of case and control sample was 1:1. The data were analyzed
using bivariable analysis and multivariable analysis. Bivariable analysis was
performed through chi-square test while multivariable analysis performed through
logistic regression test and spatial distribution.
Result: From the multivariable analysis, the variable of income (OR=6,114, 95%
CI = 0,888-42,111), usage of mesh-wire on the house ventilation (OR=41,011,
95% CI = 4,365-385,347), outdoor nocturnal habit (OR=3,808, 95% CI = 0,755-
19,206), usage of mosquito repellent (OR= 17,809, 95% CI= 3,328-95,296), cage
location (OR=15,478, 95% CI = 2,741-87,410),
and bush location (OR = 138,599, 95% CI =16,703-1150,049). The spatial
distribution indicated that the case of malaria was clustered in one particular
region.
Conclusion: Income, existence of mosquito nets, outdoor nocturnal habit, usage
of mosquito repellent, cage location, and bush location were the risk factors of
Malaria in Tambak Sub-district of Banyumas Regency by the year of 2012.

Keywords: Malaria, Risk factor, Spatial, Tambak Sub-district