Taking Observation

Pre-Lab Discussion:

Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes.

These changes can be divided into 2 classes: physical changes and chemical
changes. In a physical change, one or more physical properties of a substance
are altered. Examples of such physical properties are: size, shape, color, and
state of matter. Grinding, melting, dissolving, and evaporating are all physical
changes. No new substance or substances are formed as a result of a physical
change.

A chemical change results in the formation of one or more “new” substances.

These new substances differ in chemical properties and composition from the
original substance. Iron rusting and paper burning are two examples of
chemical change.

This experiment will help you understand how to record observation and
recognize a chemical change.

Equipment and Materials:

Goggles CuSO45H2O NaCl

Spatula Mortar and pestle HCl (0.1 M)
Evaporating dish Water dropper AgNO3 (0.1M)
Ceramic square Paper (5 cm square) Mg ribbon (Mg)
Glass rod Wire gauze Hot plate
Alcohol burner Matches Vinegar
Pipette Test tube clamp Baking soda

Procedure:

Documented your activity using videos or pictures stating the observation

before and after a chemical change.
After completing each step, fill in the information in table 1.
Submit to my email: norbertuskrisnu@gmail.com
Experiment 1

1. Tear a piece of paper into pieces.

2. Place the pieces of paper on wire gauze and ignite them with a match.
CLEANUP: match and burned paper go in the trash (NOT in the sink)

Experiment 2

1. Add a spatula of NaCl (Sodium Chloride) to a test tube. Mix it with about 3-4
drops of water and stir it with a glass rod.

2. Add 2 drops of AgNO3 (Silver nitrate) to the mixture that you just made in the
previous step.
CLEANUP: pour down the sink and wash the well plate

Experiment 3

1. Cut a small piece of Mg (Magnesium) ribbon.

2. Place the piece of Mg in a test tube and add a few drops of HCl (Hydro chloric
Acid). Use extreme care when handling acids!

Experiment 4

1. Add a few drops of vinegar into a well in the well plate. Add 1 micro spatula of
baking soda (sodium bicarbonate).
CLEANUP: Pour the new product down the sink. Rinse the well plate with
water.
Table 1

Reaction Your Observations

Tearing Paper

Burning Paper

Dissolving NaCl

Mixing NaCl with AgNO3

Cutting Mg ribbon

Mixing HCl with Mg

Mixing Vinegar and Sodium

bicarbonate (baking soda)

Focus on Observation (Example)

How fast is the Violent reactions, vigorous, mild reaction, slow, very slow.
reaction
Gas Bubble, fizzing, effervescence, colors of the gas
Gas (smell) Pungent smell (strong), fruity smell, stinky, etc
How insoluble Precipitation (insoluble solid), solid floating, solid settles at the
solid is formed bottom, colors of the solid
Energy Becomes hot, Become cold
If nothing happens, write no change / no observation is seen / it remains
unchanged.

Discussion Questions:

1. What are the experiments involving a colour change?

2. What are the things to be observed during the experiments, besides colour
change?