FORM 4 CHEMISTRY

CHAPTER 4: PERIODIC TABLE IN ELEMENTS

4.5 Elements in a Period (Period 3)

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
Solids Gases
Metals Semi-metal Non-metal

Na2O MgO Al2O3 SiO2 P4O10 SO2 Cl2O7

Basic Amphoteric Acidic

* MgO = metal = alkaline

* ZnO = metal = alkaline
* CO2 = non-metal = acidic
* SO2 = non-metal = acidic
Conclusion:
* metal oxides = alkaline
* non-metal oxides = acidic

Atomic Size: Decreases

Going across the period from left to right
• The proton numbers ↑
• The number of protons ↑
• The positive charge at the nucleus ↑
• Force of attraction between the nucleus and electrons ↑
• Atomic size ↓

Electronegativity: Increases
(Tendency to attract electron)
Going across the period from left to right
• The proton numbers ↑
• The number of protons ↑
• The positive charge at the nucleus ↑
• Force of attraction between the nucleus and electrons ↑
• Tendency to attract electrons ↑
• Electronegativity ↑

Valence electron: Increases

Melting and boiling point: Increases (left to middle), Decreases (middle to right)