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Chapter 6: Electrochemistry
Experiment 12: Saturated Solution Chloride Solution [Graphite as anode ; Mercury as cathode]
Ions present are : Na+ ions Cl- ions
H+ ions OH- ions
Cathode (Hg): Anode:
Na + e Na [Discharge]
+ -
2Cl- Cl2 + 2e-
Na + Hg Na / Hg (Sodium Amalgam) Just combine together
[Concentration of Na+ ions is higher] [Concentration of Cl- ions is higher]
Uses of electrolysis in industries
(1) Extraction of metals
(i) Extraction of sodium from molten sodium chloride
Ions present are : Na+ ions Cl- ions
Cathode: Sodium (Na) A gery solid is formed
Anode: Chlorine (Cl) A greenish-yellow gas is released.
(3) Electroplating
*要抽的在 anode
Anode : Cu Cu2+ + 2e- Anode : Ag Ag+ + e-
Cathode : Cu2+ + 2e- Cu Cathode : Ag+ + e- Ag