Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Author(s): Geneviève Dollfus, Helene J. Kantor, D. Huff, M. Piperno, Dietrich Huff, David
Stronach, J. Deshayes and G. A. Homayoun
Source: Iran, Vol. 16 (1978), pp. 185-197
Published by: Taylor & Francis, Ltd.
Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/4299663
Accessed: 27-11-2018 09:29 UTC
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SURVEY OF EXCAVATIONS IN IRAN - 1977
The principal excavations and surveys carried out in 1977 are listed below.' Sites marked with
an asterisk are reported in greater detail.
Reports on the 1976 campaign at Shahr-i Sokhta and an earlier survey at Kandiwan are al
included.
Excavations
Spring *Chogha Mish and Chogha Banut; H. Kantor; Oriental Institute, Chicago and UCLA
Shahdad; A. Hakemi; ICAR
*Bendebal; G. Dollfus; CNRS
Susa; J. Perrot; CNRS
Hormuz; H. Bakhtiari; ICAR
Ilam; H. Kordovani; ICAR
*Firuzabad, Qal'eh-i Dukhtar; D. Huff; Deutsches Archaeologisches Institut
Summer Jurjan; M. Y. Kiani; ICAR
Kangavar; M. Azarnoush; ICAR
Bastam; W. Kleiss; Deutsches Archaeologisches Institut
*Takht-i Sulaiman; D. Huff; Deutsches Archaeologisches Institut
Ziwiyeh; M. Motamedi; ICAR
*Tureng Tepe; J. Deshayes; University of Paris
Khurkheh; M. Rahbar; ICAR
*Tepe Nush-i Jan; D. Stronach; British Institute of Persian Studies
Sang-i Chakmak; S. Masuda; Tsukuba University
Autumn Pusht-i Kuh, Luristan; L. Vanden Berghe; Ghent University
Bisitun; M. Rahbar; ICAR
Surveys
Gorgan and Mazandaran; H. Shiomi; Hiroshima University
Damghan plain; K. Maurer; University of Pennsylvania
Fars; J. Alden; University of Michigan
Fars; L. Jacob; University of Pennsylvania
Minab; C. Thibaut and M. H. Qajar; CNRS and Bordeaux University
Arak region; B. Thompson; University of Wisconsin
Hulailan; P. Mortensen and P. Smith; Aarhus University and Montreal University
Quchan region; R. Verco-Ricciardi; Turin University and ICAR
Bakhtiari highlands; A. Zagarell; National Geographic Society
Kerman region; M. Sajjadi; ICAR
Rezaieh region; P. E. Pacorella; IsMEA
Mary Dasht and Arsenjan; J. Ikeda; Kyoto University
1 The Editors thank the Iranian Centre for Archaeological Research for their kindness and cooperation in providing this information.
185
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186 JOURNAL OF PERSIAN STUDIES
Bendebal
SLes travaux 6taient subventionn&s par le Centre national de la France) a pr6lev6 des 6chantillons sur les structures bruil6es
recherche scientifique (Centre de recherches archbologiques, Mlle Naomi Miller (Universit6 de Michigan, EU) a pr6lev6
URA no I9) et ont b6n6fici6 de l'infrastructure de la Dl66ga- et 6tudi6 les vestiges v6g6taux.
tion archtologique frangaise A Suse. * R. de Mecquenem, " Fouilles pr6historiques en Asie Occi-
M. Hamid Shahidi repr6sentait le Centre iranien de Recher- dentale (1934-1937) ", L'Anthropologie 48 (1938), p. 68.
ches Archbologiques. Ont particip6 aux travaux sur le terrain L. Le Breton, " Notes sur la c6ramique peinte aux environs
pendant toute leur durde Mile Mary Evins (Universit6 de de Suse et & Suse ", MDP XXX (Paris, 1947).
Chicago, EU), M. Hassan Talai (CIRA) assistants archbo- 'G. Dollfus, "Djaffarabad 1972-1974, p6riodes I et II",
logues. A partir du 16 f6vrier et jusqu'd la fin de la campagne Cahiers de la DAFI 5 (1975), PP. 45-60.
Mme Elisabeth Boucharlat (Universit6 de Lyon, France) en ' G. Dollfus, " Tepe Djowi ", Iran XV (1977), pp. 169-72.
charge des relev6s. Pour de plus courtes p6riodes, au mois de6 G. Dollfus, " Les recherches A Djaffarabad de 1969 A 1971 ",
mars Mile. Carry Gustavson (Universit6 de Toronto, Canada), Cahiers de la DAFI I (1971), pp. 17-162.
M. Yazgan Nourani (CIRA), Mme Claude Roche, EPHE, SA. Le Brun, " Recherches stratigraphiques A l'Acropole de
Paris, France). M. Albert Hesse, gtophysicien (CNRS, Suse (1969-I971) ", Cahiers de la DAFI I (1971), pp. 163-216.
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SURVEY OF EXCAVATIONS 187
Stratigraphie
Surface
I 1-13
14
15
16
'7
18
Niveau to: Une plate-forme (ou peut etre l'angle de deux murs 6pais) form6e de grandes briques
(o,6o0 x 0,23 X o,09) est pr6servde sur quatre assises. Contre cette structure vient buter un sol de terre
tassde.
Le mat6riel associd, bien que n'6tant pas parfaitement homogbne, comporte une forte proportion
de poteries semblables ' celles des niveaux 3c a I de Djaffarabad: poterie commune chamois-clair
(bassins-jarres), poterie chamois B d6cor sombre (gobelets, bols, petitesjarres, coupes & decor intdrieur),
poterie rouge brunie (bassins).
L'orientation diff6rente de ce locus par rapport a celle des structures des niveaux sous-jacents,
l'emploi de briques d'un module identique a celui de certaines structures de Djaffarabad et de Suse,8
le fait que ces divers types de poterie n'aient pas a ce jour Wtd retrouv6s en d'autres points du site sont
autant d'indices qu: tendraient & prouver la pr6sence, seulement dans ce secteur, d'une installation
contemporaine de la ptriode I de Suse. Cette installation se serait 6tablie sur la pente resultant de
l'drosion des couches de destruction d'habitations plus anciennes.
Des niveaux II et 12, seuls quelques fragments de murs, une petite plate-forme en briques crues
enduite sur ses faces de torchis et deux foyers en 16gere cuvette (niveau 12) ont Wt6 retrouv6s.
Trois sdpultures creus6es & partir du niveau 13 ont &6t reconnues dans une zone oui aucun reste
d'habitation n'a 6td mis au jour.
Niveau 14. Ce niveau est mieux prdserv6 que les pricidents. Une piece rectangulaire orientde
est-ouest, longue au minimum de 3 metres9, large de deux metres, a W6t digag6e. Elle pr6sente deux
6tats d'occupation comme l'attestent la r6fection des murs nord et sud, la superposition de deux sols
couverts de fragments de poteries et celle de deux petits foyers. Dans la partie ouest de cette piece se
situait le foyer, 16gere cuvette remplie de cendres dans le premier 6tat, plaque de terre-cuite de o,6o m
de diametre dans le second. A un metre au sud-ouest de cette piece un grand four a W6t digag6.
Ovale en plan (2,75 x 2,25 m) il a 6td partiellement d6truit par les structures des niveaux 11 et 12 et,
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188 JOURNAL OF PERSIAN STUDIES
10 H. Wright, Rapport sur T. Farukhabad, sous presse. Com-Anthropology, University of Michigan I (Ann Arbor 1969), p. 54
munication personnelle. F. Hole, " Prehistory and Humanet fig. I5.
Ecology of the Deh Luran Plain ", Memoirs of the Museum of
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SURVEY OF EXCAVATIONS 189
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190 JOURNAL OF PERSIAN STUDIES
The pottery recovered from the bulldozer debris and that found
remains was typical of the Middle Susiana 3 phase (late 5th mille
an almost complete tortoise vessel, which has excellent parallels
Middle Susiana 3 floors and wall stumps, some of which can be
thin layer. Immediately underneath sherds became sparse and a f
walls built of the long, finger-impressed bricks characteristic
bricks were made of remarkably well purified clay and carefully
60 cm. thick, and still standing about half a metre high. One w
western corner are some bricks laid as headers (P1. IIa). The wal
which differ slightly in orientation and presumably represent diff
The position of these walls within the Archaic Susiana period is in
namely straw-tempered Smoothed, Burnished Red-washed, and
the Archaic I phase. At Chogha Mish Archaic Susiana I appears o
immediately above virgin soil, and is represented only by occup
Banut we now have excellent architecture and pottery of Archa
level.
Fig. .. Chogha Banut: "film-painted " sherds found below the Archai
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SURVEY OF EXCAVATIONS 191
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192 JOURNAL OF PERSIAN STUDIES
Zur Klrung des antiken Wasserversorgungssystems wurde ein ca. Io m. langer Tunnel unte
der Wasser vom FluB in den ca. 20 m. tief abgesenkten Wasserschacht der n6rdlichen Unte
leitete.
D. HUFF
Shahr-i Sokhta
The fourth campaign of excavations took place in the necropolis of Shahr-i Sokhta from
Ioth to November Ioth 1976. The main objectives of this campaign were to finish excavat
graves already located during previous years; to widen the radius of areas IR and IP, wher
campaigns had shown the existence of graves belonging to the most archaic phases, 7-8, and with
3-4. The later graves have in some cases been dug in the same area as the older ones, which h
result sometimes been damaged. At the end of the campaign some 200 graves had been disco
We found a cist grave (HNE 604) in square HNE. This rectangular cist, the only one so
Shahr-i Sokhta, was built with unbaked bricks and was about a metre in depth. It contained the b
of a woman, aged about 30. The grave-goods included a small alabaster bowl, placed upside
under the skull; a lozenge-shaped calcite bead near the neck and a circular stamp-seal of b
the left elbow. The grave belongs to phases 5-6 (2700-2600 B.C.).
The excavation of three graves in area IRD, noticed in I973, has been completed. Th
interesting is IRD 31 I, of the catacomb type, datable to phase 5 (c. 2600 B.C.). The grave, w
exceptionally large, contained six skeletons. Two of them had been heaped near the north
the cave, as the grave was re-used for the contemporary burial of four persons. The rich gra
were typical of those found in catacomb graves and consisted of polychrome pots, bone stam
alabaster bowls, pear-shaped beakers and buff ware bowls. A basket contained the pigments
painting the polychrome pots (limonite, lapis lazuli powder, bronze slags and ochre). Thre
seals, two of lapis lazuli and one of bronze, were distributed among the various skeletons.
IRD 31 I thus gives further data of the existence of a class of specialized artisans, as has alre
shown by the discoveries of IRR I2 (the grave of the lapis lazuli cutter) and IWD 77 (the grav
contained samples of the drills used for working stamp-seals and calcite beads).
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SURVEY OF EXCAVATIONS 193
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194 JOURNAL OF PERSIAN STUDIES
Takht-i Suleiman
Die Ausgrabungen des Deutschen Archiologischen Instituts auf
der Zeit vom 25. Juni bis 31. August statt. Die Arbeiten wurden
D.A.I. finanziert.
Die Schwerpunkte der Grabungsarbeit lagen im Gelinde n6rdlich des grolen Feuertempels un
in einem Areal zwischen Siidtor und Seeufer. Neben kleineren Sondagen wurden auBerdem d
Untersuchungen im Seitenraum des Nordtores und im il-khanidischen Geh6ft bei T8 abgeschlosse
Gleichzeitig mit den Ausgrabungen fuhrte das iranische Denkmalspflegeamt SicherungsmaBnahm
an den anstehenden Bauten durch.
Im Seitenraum NT2 des Nordtores ist der originale sasanidische Fussboden infolge der intensiv
mittelalterlichen Wiederbenutzung vollstdindig verschwunden. Seldschukische Fufbodenpflasterun
sind unter der H6he des sasanidischen Niveaus in das Lehmziegelmassiv der ilteren sasanidische
Befestigungsmauer gebettet, das durch Abfallgruben mit friihislamischer bis il-khanidischer Keramik
gest6rt ist. Im Nordteil des Raumes wurde der Bruchstein-Mortel-Sockel des siidlichen ilte
Torturmes freigelegt.
Von der gehoftartigen Anlage T 8, deren Mittelteil im Vorjahr ausgegraben worden war, wurd
die periphairen Raume im Norden und Suden untersucht. Dem als Empfangs- und Wohntrakt aufz
fassenden 4-Iwankomplex sind im Suden eine Vorhalle und 2 Riume mit Eingangsgrube, Of
Kamin, Wandbanken und-nischen vorgelagert. An den Wirtschaftsteil im Norden schlieBen sic
Wohn-, Werk- und Lagerraiume an, die z. T. ebenfalls mit Kaminen, Ofen and Banken ausgestatt
sind und durch Korridore und Vorhallen verbunden waren. Alle den Kernbau umgebenden Rium
weisen Spuren zahlreicher Umbauten auf. Die Verwendung von Spolien aus dem il-khanidischen
Palast datiert die letzte Bautitigkeit im Gehoft um die Zeit nach Auflassung des Palastes, d. h.
14. Jahrh.
Mit Hilfe eines Kompressors war es m6glich, auf der von einer starken Kalksinterkruste iiber-
deckten Siidhilfte des Plateaus ein gr6Beres Areal zu offnen. Zwischen Siidtor und Seeufer wurde
mit 4 Grabungsschnitten eine Fliche von ca. 17o qm untersucht, ein 5. Schnitt wurde begonnen.
Die il-khanidische Seerandbebauung hat hier den obersten von 2 seldschukischen Bebauungshorizon-
ten zerst6rt und einen terminus ante quem fuir dessen Keramik gesetzt. Die untersten seldschukischen
Baureste stehen direkt iiber dem Felsuntergrund. Geschlossene friihislamische und sasanidische
Schichten fehlen; nur in 2 Schnitten wurden inselhaft begrenzte Siedlungsreste mit sasanidischer
Keramik angetroffen.
Im n6rdlichen Vorgelande des Feuertempels wurde die Untersuchung der im Vorjahr freigelegten
il-khanidischen Wohnbebauung abgeschlossen. Die weitgehende Identitat mit Baudetails in T 8
1aiat auf einen etwa zeitgleichen Baubeginn des Komplexes mit dem Palastbau Abaqa Khans (Beginn
letztes Drittel 13. Jahrh.) schlieBen. Abfallschichten mit frisch gebrochener Baukeramik aus dem
Palast zeigen, daB die Wohnsiedlung Auflassung und Auspliinderung des Palastes iiberdauert hat.
Die Wohnsiedlung steht unmittelbar fiber den FuBb6den von Hiusern des 13. Jahrh., deren Bausub-
stanz im fibrigen vollstindig fur die Neubauten abgetragen wurde. Darunter liegende Aschen- und
Abfallschichten des I i. und 12. Jahrh. mit einer Stairke von bis zu 3 m. reichen auch hier bis auf oder
unter das sasanidische Niveau. Sie wurden durch zahlreiche il-khanidische Gruben und durch 2 von
Ost nach West laufende Seewasserkanile gestirt, zu denen eine gemauerte Treppe hinabftihrt. Im
Stidteil wurde ein von 2 Mauerzigen begrenztes Plattenpflaster der sasanidischen bzw. zoroastrisch
Periode mit einem 20 cm. hohen Podium freigelegt. Im Nordteil liegt, tiefer als dieses Niveau, e
groBer friihislamischer Rechteckraum mit Steinpflaster und Wandverputzresten mit rotem un
blauem Farbauftrag.
Bei der Reinigung des anschlieBenden Raumes neben dem Eingang zum groBen Feuertemp
fanden sich 9 Tonbullae, bzw. Bullenfragmente (P1. Vc). Unter dem Fulboden des Raumes kamen
Reste von 3 ailteren Bauphasen zutage, deren unterste die 6stliche AbschluBwand der unter dem
Pfeilerhallenkomplex aufgefundenen Lehmziegelanlage zu sein scheint.
Drei Sondagen im Siidiwan des grossen Feuertempels legten die mit einer Rundbastion (P1. V
bewehrte Ecke einer alteren Befestigung frei, die, anders als die bisher aufgedeckten Lehmziegelbauten,
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SURVEY OF EXCAVATIONS 195
The fifth season of excavations at Tepe Nush-i Jan lasted from July i5th to September 2oth 1977-
As indicated in the third interim report (pp. I-i I above) we were able to carry out new work in the
vicinity of the entrance to the Central Temple and to complete the excavation of both the Columned
Hall and the rock-cut tunnel. Other areas were also explored, and the present report describes the main
soundings undertaken elsewhere in the Median settlement.
In the South Court, in an open rectangular area which was left as a void within the extensive mud-
brick blocking, we found the top of a large rock-cut cistern or well (P1. VIa). This feature was
apparently kept open down to the end of the Median squatter occupation. The bed-rock round the
top of the cistern is still partly covered by the remains of a mud-brick platform and here, against the
worn sides of the platform, we found two small fragments of unworked ivory.
Directly to the south of the cistern, on the inner face of the perimeter wall, there is sufficient
evidence to suggest that at least two further arches carried the already known sequence of four arches on
towards the west. A thirty metre stretch of the external face of the perimeter wall has also been
exposed in this area and, as can be seen from the general plan (p. 2), it shows a straight, regularly
buttressed fagade.
The outer face of the western perimeter wall-to the west of the Old Western Building-is again
distinguished by regular buttresses and recesses while surface evidence from the inner face points to the
presence of a further row of tall arches. It is manifest from both our southern and western trenches
moreover that a broad mass of secondary brickwork lies outside much of the buttressed outer face of the
perimeter wall. In two squares, C 12 and E 5, the outer edge of such additional brickwork may have
been reached at a point far down the sides of the natural rock outcrop, although here as elsewhere
more work is required to elucidate the full history of the site's enclosing walls.
To the north of the Columned Hall a substantial north-south wall with the remains of three large
blind windows on its inner face (P1. VIb) may allow us to postulate the presence of a fifth major build-
ing. The best preserved blind window still retains two rows of pendant brick denticulation (P1. VIc).
While it is still too early to say whether or not this wall is part of a second columned hall-the denuded
return wall at the north-east corner looks curiously thin-the main wall proves to be flanked by certain
notable features. To the east we find the remains of a high-level corridor and an adjacent square ramp
(cf. the plan on p. 2) while to the west the surface of the floor is interrupted by a staircase which descends
towards the north. Twelve steps have been exposed to date as well as a mud-brick filling which even-
tually blocked the upper part of the stairwell (P1. VIb).
Finally, the past season has seen the beginning of a long-term archaeological survey in the Malayer-
Jokar plain. Funds for the survey have come in part from the Iranian Centre for Archaeological
Research, and the work should offer a useful complement to Goff's earlier surveys to the south-west,
Young's survey of the Kangavar region, Levine's survey of the Mahidasht and, most recently, B.
Thompson's survey in the Arak plain.
DAVID STRONACH
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196 JOURNAL OF PERSIAN STUDIES
Tureng T pe'
Bien qu'abrdgde par rapport aux previsions initiales, la campagne de 1977 a donnd des rdsultats
appr6ciables pour les quatre pdriodes sur lesquelles ont portd nos recherches: III CI, IV B, V B-C, VI.
La grande terrasse de la fin du IIIe mill6naire (pariode III CI) a et6 degagde dans un secteur
jusqu'ici non explord, a proximitd de son angle sud-est. Celui-ci a lui-meme disparu, emport6 par
l'drosion. Il rdsulte de ces investigations que la terrasse devait mesurer d'est en ouest quelque 120 m.
Les vestiges de deux refections de la terrasse primitive ont pu etre distinguds dans ce secteur (Pl. VIIa).
De meme la fouille du batiment situd au pied de la fa?ade mdridionale a rvdl61 trois 6tats successifs.
Cet edifice reposait, comme le mur de coffrage de la terrasse elle-meme, sur des fondations de grosses
pierres. Il comportait plusieurs pikces qui, dans le premier 6tat, etaient occupies par de tres grandes
jarres (P1. VIIc). Dans le second 6tat trois pieces perpendiculaires a la faqade de la terrasse 6taient
preciddes par une grande salle qui occupait toute la largeur du bitiment. La position de celui-ci,
s'ajoutant a d'autres arguments, donne a penser que la terrasse comportait, au milieu de la faqade, un
long palier horizontal situd entre les extrdmites superieures de deux rampes symitriques. Il est en
outre probable qu'at chaque extrdmitd de ce palier un escalier donnait acces au sommet de l'ddifice.
En ce qui concerne la periode IV B (Fer III), la fouille de cette annde a confirm6 l'existence de
deux phases distinctes. La premiere (IV BI) est caractdrisde, comme au Fer II (periode IV A), par de
grandes plateformes de briques crues qui devaient supporter des superstructures que les nivellements
post6rieurs ont fait disparaitre. La dimension des briques permet de distinguer ais6ment les plate-
formes du Fer II et du Fer III. La seconde phase, IV B2, apparemment contemporaine des vestiges
d6couverts en 196o sur le " petit tipd ", a vu la construction d'une grande enceinte circulaire: il
s'agit probablement d6ji d'une forteresse analogue a celle que nous connaissons " Tureng TUp6 pour
le Fer IV (pariode VA).
L'dpoque parthe (VB et VC) a vu egalement le tepd ceinturd d'une succession de forteresses de
plan circulaire dont l'enceinte comportait des magasins remplis d'6normes jarres et de grands egrugeoirs
de pierre (P1. VIId). Telle est pour cette pariode la principale rdvdlation de cette campagne, durant
laquelle la fouille de ces niveaux a 6t6 retardee par la d6couverte dans les couches plus r6centes d'impor-
tants vestiges de la forteresse sassanide. Il est d'ailleurs possible que la construction de cette derniere ait
entraind le nivellement des niveaux les plus rdcents de l'dpoque parthe, provoquant ainsi, peut- tre,
un hiatus dans notre sdquence.
De la forteresse sassanide (pariode VI) nous avons a nouveau explord surtout cette annde le rempart
septentrional. La porte a 6td entikrement d6gag6e (P1. VIIf) et sous le sol nous avons degag6 une canali-
sation en terre cuite qui se prolongeait au long de la pente du tipd (P1. VIIb). Aucune trace de voie
d'acchs extdrieure n'a 6td d6couverte: peut-etre a-t-elle 6td volontairement d6molie lorsque la porte
elle-meme fut condamnde. Le secteur nord-ouest a 6td complktement d6gag6 et nous avons pu con-
stater d'une part que le mur ouest dessine avec la courtine septentrionale un angle inferieur ' 900,
d'autre part que le rempart avait Wtd construit sur un radier en pis6 recouvrant des vestiges d'dpoque
antarieure. A l'est de la porte le travail effectud sur la courtine a fait apparaitre la rangde inf6rieure
des archeres; on observera que les deux rangdes ne sont ni rdgulierement superposdes, ni disposdes en
quinconce (P1. VIIe). Enfin sur la pente sud du tipd nous avons ddcouvert l'extremitd mNridionale du
batiment intdrieur, qui comportait trois Ctats successifs; comme partout ailleurs le premier Ctat a at6
ddtruit par un trbs grave incendie. Une partie de l'enceinte extdrieure semble Cgalement visible et,
s'il en est bien ainsi, on peut penser que la forteresse constituait un carrd qui mesurait du nord au sud
comme d'est en ouest environ 50 m de c6td.
J. DESHAYES
Survey at Kandiwan
Since 1972 the rock-cut dwellings of Kandiwan, located 50 km. south of Tabriz near Osku on the
Maragha road, have been the subject of an intensive field survey conducted by the University of
Tehran. The site is of interest not only for its architecture but also for its impressive setting amid the
mountainous remains of the Sahand volcanoes in an area watered by natural springs (P1. VIIIa).
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Pl. Ia. Bendebal, vue gendrale du tpe' depuis le sud.
P1. Ib. Bendebal, vue generale du chantier ' la fin des travaux en 1977-
P1. Ic. Bendebal, niveaux 15 and i6. Pl. Id. Bendebal, niveau 16.
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P1. IIa. Chogha Banut: walls and flooor of the Middle Susiana 3 phase.
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Pl. IlIa. Firuzabad, Qal'a-ye Dukhtar: Kupfermiinze aus Hof B. Spaite Serie der Kdnige von Characene.
Vorderseite, links; Riickseite, rechts.
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P1. IV. Shahr-i Sokhta: the grave, IUQ 711, of a 70 years old woman.
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P1. Vb. Takht-i Suleiman: Frithislamische Ge
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Pl. VIa. Tepe Nush-i Jan. A view of the deep shaft that was left above the rock- P1. VIb. Tepe Nush-i Jan. An oblique view of one of the
cut cistern when the rest of the South Court was blocked from wall to wall with blind windows in the east wall of the " Northern Building ".
successive courses of brick. The staircase in the foreground descends towards the north.
P1. VIc. Tepe Nush-i Jan. A detail of the blind window seen in Pl. VIb. Two rows of pendant brick denticulation still survive.
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P1. VIIla. Tureng Tipi, secteur sud-est de la terrasse de l'poque III Ci, P1. VIIb. Tureng Tipi, canalisation sortant de la porte nord de la
avec traces d'une refection. forteresse sassanide.
Pl. VIIc. Tureng TPpt, fondations de la terrasse, jarres du premier Pl. VIId. Tureng Tipl, dipdt d'6grugeoirs le long d'un mur d'une
eitat du bdtiment infirieur et mur du second itat. forteresse parthe.
Pl. VIIe. Tureng Tipe, courtine nord de la forteresse sassanide avec Pl. VIIf. Tureng Tpe', porte nord de la forteresse sassanide.
ses deux rangees d'archeres.
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P1. VIIIa. Kandiwan village and fields from the south-west.
Pl. VIIIb. Kandiwan village, the built houses and " karans ". P1. VIIIc. Kandiwan village: the low " karans " on the north-west
edge of the village.
Pl. VIIId. Kandiwan village: a high window on the south side of a Pl. VIIIc. Kandiwan village: the interior of the rock-cut mosque,
rock pinnacle. showing the central pillar and the wooden partition which delimits the
women's section of the mosque. Part of a wooden coffin can be seen on
the right.
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SURVEY OF EXCAVATIONS 197
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