Istituto Italiano Per L'Africa E L'Oriente (Isiao) East and West

Prehistoric Settlements in the Bardsir Plain, South-Eastern Iran
Author(s): S. Mansur S. Sajjadi

Source: East and West, Vol. 37, No. 1/4 (December 1987), pp. 11-41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 51-79,
81-129
Published by: Istituto Italiano per l'Africa e l'Oriente (IsIAO)
Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/29756812
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Prehistoric Settlements in the Bardsir Plain,
South-Eastern Iran
by S. MANSUR S. SAJJADI
From the point of view of archaeological research, we are faced in Iran by a sharp
geographical discontinuity as a result of the fact that so far most of the regions to
the west of the Great Iranian Desert and particularly the provinces of Khuzestan,
Fars, Kermanshah and western Azarbaijan have been surveyed in much greater detail
than the eastern sections of the country. In general, we have been lacking the
intensive fieldwork necessary to establish the broad phases of the settlement history.
This situation stands particularly true for large portions of the Khorasan, Baluchistan
and Kerman provinces. On the other hand, some excavations, and surveys have been
carried out in Sistan and Baluchistan, such as Shahr-e Sokhteh, Dahan-e Gholaman,
Bampur and other sites in the westernmost provinces of both Pakistan and
Afghanistan (1). Over the past twenty years these projects have provided a
remarkable amount of information bringing to light the archaeological potential of
the area. Unfortunately, the case for a greater portion of the Kerman province is
quite different. Here, archaeological researches are still very scanty. The only
scientific excavations undertaken are those at the sites of Khabis (Shahdad) to the
east of Kerman, Tall-e Iblis and Tepe Yahya to the south of it (fig. 2), a mere
three sites for an area of c. 40,000 sq.km. between the 280N and 30'N and the
55030' and 57030' E. Unfortunately, this lack of data will be reflected in the
cultural blocks we have been making use of to seriate our sequence of the settlement
history.
(1) The most important excavation of the Sixties and Seventies on prehistory and history of
Iranian and Afghan Baluchistan: Dahan-e Gholaman (Scerrato 1966); Shahr-e Sokhteh (Tosi 1969; Bi
scione et al. 1975; Lamberg-Karlovsky & Tosi 1973; Citta Bruciata 1977; Amiet & Tosi 1978; Tosi, ed.,
1983); Bampur (De Cardi 1970); Nad-e Ali (Dales 1977); Said Qal'ah (Shaeffer 1978).
111i 11
TEHRAN
0
KERMAN
9
IR AN
km
Fig. 1 - Sketch map of Iran showing areas surveyed in 1976-77.
Earlier Fieldwork in Kerman and Bardsir
The Kerman province is a prosperous farming region on the eastern half of the
Iranian Plateau. By size it is the second region of modern Iran with c. 192,000 sq.
km. Quite expectably a large population lived there and exploited its resources in all
periods of its history.
It is still an open question on whether there was both agricultural wealth and
population density, expressing the material basis of urbanism, in the whole of the
12 [2]
LI
AA
I B-' L S "'
k ~AHYA( -
2
BAMPUR
" MINAB
GULF OF OMAN
OHAFit O 100 20
km
Fig. 2 - Main protohistoric sites in South-Eastern Iran (from Tosi 1976).
Kerman region before the introduction of the qanat, an irrigation technique that
captures, transports and stores water in an integrated system. To date it is generally
accepted that qanat came into extensive use during the Achaemenid empire. It
has been assumed that still in protohistoric period waterworks were largely unable
to meet with the critical state of water scarcity over longer periods of time. In his
(3] 1 3
brilliant survey of the human geography of the Kerman region, P.W. English has
suggested that since settlement intensification and the accumulation of wealth
through farming were critical factors in its development before the qanat till the
second half of the 1st millennium B.C. (English 1966: 32-39), urbanism would have
been largely impossible. Only an extensive programme of archaeological surveys of
settlements and waterworks remains will provide the correct terms of evaluation.
The question is to evaluate how determinant has been for population density the
technology of qanat and this paper is intended to stimulate discussions in such a
longer perspective. Notwithstanding their sofistication qanats are simple construc
tions and they can be maintained at village level, freeing even marginal populations
from an ever-postulated dependency on the central power capacity for investments
(Leach 1959; Adams 1978 e.g.). We believe that is no evidence to reassess English's
statement for two reasons. One, certain qualitative features of urbanism are present
in the region as early as 3000 B.C. (Tosi 1977; Biscione & Tosi 1979). Two, the most
important natural drainage system in the region, i.e. the Jiroft valley, watered N-S
by Halil Rud, remains archaeologically unexplored and might still yield contrary
evidence.
The first archaeological observations concerning the Kerman region were those
gathered by Percival Sykes, that outstanding scholar who served in Iran for the British
Foreign Office and travelled very extensively in the eastern lands of the country at
the turn of the century (Sykes 1910). He took care to report, sometimes in detail, the
various archaeological ruins he had the opportunity to visit around Kerman as well
as the accidental discoveries that occurred in the area while he was stationed there.
One of the most interesting of such reports concerned a group of late Bronze Age
objects from the site of Khinaman (Sykes 1910: 442-43; Carlmeyer 1977: 414-15).
The discovery of Khinaman gave a first, although isolated hint of the potential
offered by the Kerman province for the metallurgy of these early periods, although
the unusual type of S-shaped axes found have stood without any likely morphological
correlation and have yet to be more precisely defined chronologically as well as
culturally (2).
The evidence of Khabis (Shahdad) and Yahya in periods IVB-A (c. 2700-1800
B.C.) suggests at present that from the second half of the 4th to most of the 3rd
millennium B.C. at least the area to the south-east of Kerman and north of the
coastal ridges, reached a major qualitative peak in the rate of economic growth and
population density. In the years immediately following 1900 there was among
scholars a growing interest in the lands of eastern Iran and Central Asia which for
the second half of the 19th century had been involved in the power struggle between
(2) The first indications on the historical and cultural complex of Khinaman have been found only
in the beginning of the seventies from two series of independent and converging discoveries, in Bactria
(Askarov 1977; Sarianidi 1977) and at Shahdad (Hakemi 1972).
14 [4]
Russia and the British Empire. It is worthwhile quoting that so early even without
any archaeological data the assyriologist L.W. King could state:
It may be that the site ruins of Seistan and Kerman province will exhibit closer
parallels with the civilizations of Elam and Sumer (King 1910: 357).
This statement exhibits a remarkable degree of divination in regard to two areas

of Iran that have begun to be archaeologically known for their protohistorical periods
only from the mid-sixties, mainly as a result of the excavations undertaken at
Shahr-e Sokhteh in Sistan and Tappeh Yahya in Kerman. To strictly consider
the archaeological surveys so far carried out in the Kerman province, our information
is to be gathered from three fieldwork operations: those of A. Stein (1930), R.J.
Caldwell (1964-66) and C.C. Lamberg-Karlovsky (1967-75). A. Stein's surveys in Iran
and its eastern neighbours certainly do represent one of the most important series of field
reconnaissance in the countries within and beyond the north-western frontiers of the
Indo-Pakistani Subcontinent. Stein has left us with a valuable collection of basic
information for protohistorical antiquities of eastern Iran. On different occasions
trial excavations to test the sequence of a site were also carried out by him at
several sites such as Shahr-e Sokhteh in Sistan (Stein 1928 II: 954), Bampur,
Damin and Chah Hosseini in western Baluchistan (Stein 1937: 104-31), Tall-e
Iblis and Tappeh Nurabad in southern Kerman (ibid. 164-72).
Following Stein's survey, no proper archaeological fieldwork was undertaken in
the area until 1964 when R.J. Caldwell with a sizable team of specialists came to Iran,
sponsored by the National Science Foundation and the Illinois State Museum to
examine the mound of Tall-e Iblis already reported by Stein (1937: 164). The
American team returned in 1966 when it carried out an archaeological survey of the
area locating 24 more archaeological sites (fig. 3). The most noticeable results of this
survey were the discovery of the extensive medieval city of Ghobeira in the Bardsir
valley (Chase, Fehervari & Caldwell 1967: 73-108; Fehervari 1972: 74-82), later
excavated by a mission of the London School of Oriental and African Studies
(Bivar & Fehervari 1972: 168-69).
Between 1964 and 1966 archaeological excavations were carried out at Tall-e Iblis.
The site stands 30030'N and 56o15'E, c. 80 km. to the south of Kerman on the
steppic flatland known as the Bardsir plain, c. 100 km. long from WNW to ESE and
c. 27 km. wide, extending over 12,500 sq.km. It is a small system of deflated
gravel plains on piedmont runoff that can be described in the traditional Iranian
geographical terminology as a dasht (figs. 3-4). The modern town of Bardsir (Mashiz)
located at the western half of this dasht, is its administrative center. Tall-e Iblis is
situated on the south-eastern corner of Bardsir town near the small village of
Heidarabad. It is an oval mound measuring today 118 and 100 m. at the base with
an original height of c. 11 m. (Caldwell 1967: 7). The primary importance of Tall-e
Iblis for Iranian archaeology lies in three of its aspects: 1) the explicit connection of
its ceramic assemblage with prehistoric type-sites to the west such as Tall-e Bakn
[51 15
dPS
op RAYIr
ItS
IFN- AlA
-.jrB
Fig.3 -TheBarsir egin: rehstoic ad hstoic ite as denifid b th Calwel exediion(fro Cadwel 167)
, * L 2B2 * I
Fig. 3 -e Be b
l*M41
*~2 MI Asm . 1/B
Pi
Fig. 4 - ERST-1 satellite photograph of the surveyed region from c. 900 km. altitude, showing location of the site dniidb ajd
in Fars and the north as Sialk in the Kashan plain; 2) certain Mesopotamian or
lowland culture features related to the context as suggested by Caldwell; 3) the
evidence of a fully organized copper processing before 4000 B.C (Wertime 1973:
879-81). According to the cultural seriation and several radiocarbon determination
(Caldwell 1967: 24), Iblis can be best articulated in a sequence between c. 4500 and
c. 1100 B.C. with the greatest gap corresponding to the 2nd millennium B.C.
(Caldwell 1967; Lamberg-Karlovsky 1970; Tosi 1979). Within the pottery sequence
of Iblis it is essential to understand cultural relations on a more regional basis, mostly by
detailing its correlation with the later excavations at Bampur (De Cardi 1970),
Tappeh Yahya (Lamberg-Karlovsky 1970) and the sites in the eastern section of the
Bardsir plain presented here. The best documented section of the Iblis sequence is
the earliest (periods I to V), due to the heavy amount of soil, extracted from it in
the thirty-five years between Stein's and Caldwell's fieldwork by the farmers from
the nearby villages (Caldwell & Malek 1966). For the same reason information for
periods Iblis 0, VI, and VII are comparatively very scanty.
The pottery of Iblis 0, better known as the Lalehzar Coarse Ware, is a buff, half
baked, straw-tempered class of ware manufactured in forms of bowls and other
flat-to-concave bottomed vessels (Caldwell 1972: 7). The following Iblis I period, the
so-called Bardsir complex, is typified by a new class of pottery, named Bardsir Ware,
that can be further classified in three categories : Bardsir Painted, Bardsir Red Slipped
and Bardsir Plain. This last group is a fine-made, thin-walled, tempered buff ware
produced with well controlled firing process. The largest part of the painted
decorations are based on geometric patterns and only two specimens of zoomorphic
designs have been reported so far (Evett 1967: 203). The following period is Iblis
II or the Iblis phase extensively discussed in the archaeological literature for its
metallurgical remains which documented the earliest evidence for copper smelting in
southeastern Iran. The ceramics of this period can be subdivided into two main
classes: Iblis Painted and Iblis Plain. Both are of a fine thin-walled ware with
reddish paste painted in black-to-brown colour. The pottery of period Iblis III,
other.wise called the Dashkar phase, has been subdivided into three different categ
ories named Dashkar Painted Ware, Dashkar Plain and Dashkar Brushed. The first
one was washed with a pale-pink paint, possibly once a bright red, and decoration
patterns were only sporadically superimposed (Caldwell 1972: 11). The pottery of
the next phase IV or Aliabad includes three types of ceramics: Aliabad Plain, Aliabad
Painted, and Aliabad Bichrome. It is generally hand-made thin-walled pottery, although
some wheel-made specimens begin to occur as well. These are unusually larger than
the hand-made ones. The most interesting types of pottery found, relative to this
period, are the Beveled Rim Bowls, familiar pottery marker of the Protoliterate late
4th millennium B.C. which spread almost continuously in inner Syria, Mesopotamia
and southern Iran (Chase, Caldwell & Fehdrvari 1967: 70-81, 184).
Iblis V (c. 3000 B.C.) is otherwise known as the Mashiz complex. Unfortunately
the ceramics associated with this period are not coming' from an excavated context,
18 [8]
but were scattered around the mound. To this period have been tentatively referred
two different classes of ware, Mashiz Painted and Mashiz Plain (Caldwell 1972: 11).
Both types are predominantly thin-walled. Data available about the later periods of
the Najefabad and Heidarabad complexes (Iblis VI and VII) are almost non-existent.
Thus far Tall-e Iblis remains the most important prehistoric site of the Bardsir
valley for the 5th and 4th millennia B.C.
In summer 1967 C.C. Lamberg-Karlovsky from Harvard University began a
major field project in the valleys south of Kerman, stretching with a main E-W
orientation, along the Zagros ridges. Survey work has been concentrated and carried
out in greater detail over the plains of Dowlatabad and Soghun where the most
remarkable site, Tappeh Yahya, was discovered on August 19, 1967, and later
excavated for a total of seven seasons opening new perspectives for archaeological
research in the whole of the Kerman area (Lamberg-Karlovsky 1970; 1973). As
part of the Yahya project additional surveys were carried out by M. Prickett on the
Dowlatabad plain (1976) and T.W. Beale around Yahya across the Soghun plain (1976).
Both of these subsidiary fieldworks are awaiting their preliminary publications and
their results cannot be incorporated in our discussion.
The third important site excavated in the Kerman region has been Khabis
(Shahdad), c. 84 km. to the east of Kerman, located beyond the N-S oriented Sirch and
Joftan massives, on the very edge of the Lut desert (Hakemi 1972: 1-2). The site
was discovered by a team of the Institute of Geography of Tehran University, while
undertaking a general reconnaissance of the Lut depression. Excavations began soon
after, in the fall of 1970, and were concentrated in an area where late 3rd-early 2nd
millennia B.C. graves were clustered. More recently the work has been concentrating
on the extensive settlement areas, following a few surface surveys that have
evaluated the vast potential of the site (Salvatori 1978; Meder 1979: 73, fig. 27; Sal
vatori & Vidale 1982).
No archaeological surveys have been conducted as part of this last project and
too little continues to be known about the Kerman area in general. In June 1976 the
Iranian Center for Archaeological Research organized a six-years survey in order to
provide sufficient information to program the study and the protection of the
cultural remains. The first seasons of this survey have been carried out by the
author (August-September 1976 and 1977), and its preliminary results are reported
in the present paper.
Note on the Survey Technique
In our fieldwork we have implemented several methods known to us in

locating and describing archaeological sites. Preliminary information were collected
by questioning local people about ruins and artifactual remains, mainly pottery
[9] 1 9
occurring in their fields or anywhere else in the surrounding countryside. Since this
orographically rugged part of the Kerman region has a rather scattered population,
these indications were of little significance and no major sites were discovered this
way. At the same time there was no previous archaeological literature on the area
and the 1:25,000 imagery was only made available to us for the second campaign in
1977. Research strategies had, therefore, to be monitored by the scanty oral
information and through direct ground observation. Aerial imagery for a total of 1500
photographs were most determinant in locating at least 2/3 of the sites. The
greater part of them were nameless and for quick reference and map recording we
listed them by seriating three-digits numbers (001-132). Later a second form of
numbering was superimposed by referring to the grid reference system suggested by
Henry T. Wright for the registration of all archaeological sites in Iran (Wright 1974:
331-33). In our survey the term 'site' has been extended to define also a small
cluster of artifacts. Each of these has been given an independent number. In
general, sites visited by our team have been divided into five main descriptive categories:
1. Mound: a) Elevation produced by the artificial sedimentation of cultural

wasters. In our area this type of site is very rare.
b) Natural elevation or outcrop totally or partially overlapped by
archaeological remains.
2. Building: a) Mosque
b) Citadel and/or castle (Ark, Qal'eh)
c) Minaret
d) Shrine (Imamzadeh)
e) House
f) Mill
g) Bath (Hammam)
h) Caravanserai.
3. Graveyard: a) Ancient cemetery
b) Modern cemetery with intermixed archaeological remains.
(Often modern Islamic graves are dug in the softer elevations
of early settlements).
4. Complex Site: Includes various cultural remains topographically associated in
a single compound.
5. Camp Site: Almost flat spread of artifacts clustered within an exposed area.
This category represents by far the largest amount of sites in the
Bardsir area.
Fortha
whathae tkenplae
concerns iBadsi,fe.
the sampling moherhistric
of potsherds, raves are
we have to remember dugin
that not all d the s laicn
to oM settlement y osdern te ith ed e r scheoi cavains
sit of m Ghbirate: dnohAvemlte cnread orth hlusee wtinepotey seence.I
Thscteoyrprsns yfrth[agstaonto0iesi ]h
became extremely difficult to identify and classify a greater percentage of the plain
sherds from the pre-Islamic periods, a problem so far faced by archaeologists over most
of eastern Iran.
Notes on Bardsir's Geography
The Bardsir valley is a small dasht plain south-west of Kerman (figs. 3-4). Its
lowest elevation is more than 1900 m. a.s.l., with an average of 2000 m. The valley
consists of flat areas such as the lands between Rud-e Sorkh and Rud-e Chari, spotted
by low hills and sand dunes and surrounded by high mountain peaks, most of them
at 3500 m. a.s.l. The main mountains around the Bardsir valley are the Kuh-e Hezar
(4465 m.) to the east (fig. 6), the Sang-e Sayyad (Siah) (3512 m.) to the south and
the Kuh-e Jupar (4135 m.) to the north (Sajjadi 1977: 6). In the northern part of
the valley there are some isolated peaks as well, as the Kuh-e Kalleh-ye Gay and
Kuh-e Kuhan-e Ghermez. A certain degree of farming is presently carried out between
these mountains at least on restricted patches of land (fig. 4). Among these small
intermountainous plains, there is the Chari valley lying between Kuh-e Tom-e
Baluchi and Sang-e Sayyad where several small villages are still presently located. At
the west of Sang-e Sayyad are Kuh-e Ahurak and Narp. The Lalehzar valley is
between this latter ridge and the Cheheltan mountains (Mirheidar 1967: 68). All of
this relief provides water sources for the Bardsir valley, through four main systems of
supply. The first and most important are the river streams, although none of them
can be classified large or perennial. The second are qanats which have as mentioned
earlier an important role in capturing the underground water table. The third are
minor springs that can only produce a small amount of drinkable water for the people
living in their proximity and finally the recently drilled deep wells which usually
produce little water or even become dry only a few months later.
The Ab-e Lalehzar is the major river of the Bardsir valley originating from two
distinct branches (fig. 4). The first takes its rise from the Lalehzar mountains; the
second, in the Bidkhan ridge. These two branches join at the Lalehzar town and from
here they take the name of Lalehzar flowing towards Mashiz. On its way it is further
supplied by several minor streams that come out of the flanks of the mountain ridges.
At Mashiz (Bardsir) it becomes the Ab-e Baksha and disperse into the sand seas, c.
7 km. west of Tall-e Iblis. For the past there is evidence that the Lalehzar flowed
closer to Tall-e Iblis, c. 500 m. from the prehistoric mound (Caldwell 1967: fig. 2). A
second major stream in Bardsir is the Chari or Rud-e Chahari (figs. 4-5), which drains
the Kuh-e Shah south of Kuh-e Sang-e Sayyad (Siah) and meanders to the north.
There, its course is joined by several small streams (joybar) such as the Rud-e Talla
(Tar) and Rud-e Khoshk. After passing through Deh-e Tazian and Bahramjerd, it
spreads into the desert around Baghein. This river carries only a small amount of
water, but there is enough evidence that it was larger than today, having been
1111 21
Fig. 5 - The Chari river-bed and the ruins of the Ghobeira islamic settlement eroded by flooding.
Fig. 6 - The dry bed of the Ghobeira river. In the background of the Hezar mountains.
lowered by the recently excavated qanats (Sajjadi 1977: 4-6). The last main stream,
called Rudkhaneh-e Sorkh flows in the Bardsir valley from the Kuh-e Panj. After
passing through various villages around Mashiz, it moves northeast draining into the
desert (Mirheidar 1967: 69). Apart from these surface runoff network, there are other
minor seasonal watercourses that drain the mountains only during the spring season,
forming small foothill gravel fans. Water for irrigation is provided today by
countless qanats. The mother wells of these qanats are located at the higher points
of the alluvium just to the foothills, where the water table is at its highest elevation
above the flow (Mirheidar 1967: 69). The depth of these mother wells differs
between five to fifty meters, while shaft distances average 50 to 100 m.
The Bardsir valley has a comparatively pleasant climate both winter and
summer with average temperatures reaching 300 C in July. Rainfall rarely exceed 120
mm. The population is obviously distributed over this region according to the
availability and proximity of water, since soils are potentially fertile almost all over
the valley and require only irrigation to be cultivated (3). As we shall see in the
discussion that follows the population has really grown and/or clustered only after
introduction of qanats in the area. Probably this is the reason why in earliest
periods the population diagram presents a very low profile. The rare prehistoric sites
found are all located in very close proximity to rivers and to natural streams (fig. 4,
maps 1-5).
For our descriptive analysis we have conventionally divided this country
according to three basins or drainage systems, then divided each of them according
to the single main streams flowing into it. Our territorial articulation is therefore
based on the hydrographic criterion:
1. The Lalehzar basin: 1. Mashiz
2. Lalehzar
3. Qaleh Asgar
2. The Chari basin: 4. Deh-Tazian
5. Bahramjerd
3. The Qanat basin: 6. Negar
(3) D. Mirheidar, member of the Iblis expedition has provided the following environmental decrip
tion of the Bardsir valley centered on the vegetation of the plain: 'The climate characteristic of the val
ley has an important role in forming the vegetative cover of the area. However, the role of man in
transforming the vegetation species represented should not be disregarded. Misure of the land over again
during the past centuries has destroyed the natural vegetative cover. Where forest existed ages ago the
land now has only occasional tamarisks. In oher places shrub-thorn, which resists the ardity of the
climate, is predominant. The condition on slopes of the mountains is, however different. The slopes
of Kuh-i Ghehellitan were once extensively covered by wild pistachio trees (Pistacia mutica) and even
to-day the remainder of the former forested area is to be seen. Forests of wild almond are also to be
found on the slope of the mountains in the south of valley. Small trees; known as Calligonum sp. and
the plant Zygophillum triplicoides, are seen on the valley's floor. The plants are used as fodder for raising
sheep and the trees are used for firewood and charcoal' (Mirheidar 1967: 69).
[131 23
Mashiz: Mashiz is the administrative center of Bakhsh-e Bardsir located c. 80 km.
SW of Kerman on the Sirjan road, at 1970 m. a.s.l. The Bakhsh-e Bardsir is made
of several Dehestan like Negar, Deh-Tazian, Lalehzar and Qaleh Asgar. The
population of Bardsir in 1956 approximated 15,000 people. The most important
prehistoric site of the valley has been located near Mashiz (Bardsir), but the survey
in this specific area of the valley is still uncompleted.
Lalehzar: Between the mountain of Kuh-e Shah and Sang-e Sayyad there is a
narrow valley, that opens up from Char-Taq village reaching the Lalehzar plain.
This valley is not very wide and at some points it measures less than 500 m. The
small stream that flows within it is collected for farming. This valley adjoins the
Dasht-e Lalehzar with an average elevation of 3200 m. a.s.l. It has only been visited
during our reconnaissance and no remarkable sites have been found so far.
Qaleh Asgar: This section has been neither visited nor surveyed in our
fieldwork campaigns.
Deh Tazian: This area is named for both the largest agricultural section and its
central village. The Chari river passes through the village flowing toward
Bahramjerd. The elevation of the area is c. 2400 m. a.s.l. At the western side
of the village a landscape of sandy hillocks predominates. The Deh Tazian
settlement area comprises also some small villages clustered all around. In this region
we found several archaeological sites but, as shown on the maps most of them date
from after the Islamic conquest.
Bahramjerd: This area connects with the Negar sandy desert. The village with
this name rests on top of a terrace of the Chari river, a rich source of water for
agricultural activity. It is better populated than the Negar region, but generally the
same vast sandy desert exists here as well. From Bahramjerd as we go west, elevation
increases as we arrive to the Jupar and Hezar mountains. This region also contains
some villages and the main agricultural production are sugar beets and sunflowers.
Here, the greatest part of the located sites is Islamic.
Negar: This region section is a large dasht close by the paved road between
Kerman and Baft. There is no proper river draining in the Negar region, a slightly
higher flat plateau with an average elevation of 2200 m. a.s.l. The water supply
depends on deep wells and qanats. All the archaeological sites so far located in this
region are Islamic and all lands around Negar are crossed by sand dunes oriented
NW-SE. Fourteen kilometers south of Negar there is Kohansir (Qanatsir), a small
village situated at the foot of the Sayyad mountains. There are several chains of
qanats radiating to the village for water supply. We have here located several sites, of
different periods but probably for our purpose the most important of them is Tappeb
106 with several periods of occupation both prehistoric and historic.
24 [14]
Prehistoric Settlements in the Bardsir Valley
From a total of 132 sites discovered during the 1976 and 1977 campaigns, only
13 held the most important diagnostic materials for the prehistoric and protohistoric
periods (4500-1100 B.C.) and are hereafter presented.
Site 001 GN 6050/2961: Bahramjerd

This site lies below and within Bahramjerd village on the western terrace of the
Chari river. The spread of artifacts is c. 1.5 km. long E-W and c. 1 km. N-S.
Potsherds are scattered all over the village with denser concentrations in the runoff
conoids, being drained with other wasters alongside the slopes of the river. Here,
there are materials belonging to the late Islamic periods, in addition to some
typological classes that could not be identified in either cultural or chronological terms.
Few fragments could be assigned to periods IV and V of the Iblis sequence (3500-3000
B.C.).
Site 002 GN 5975/2975: Ghobeira NW

The site (fig. 7) consists of a group of nine small mounds extending as scattered
elevations some 3.6 ha. on the silted alluvium between the Chari and Ghobeira
Fig. 7 - Bardsir plain: site 002, Ghobeira north-west.
[151 25
rivers, NE of the major Islamic town currently excavated by the London School of
Oriental and African Studies. The small mounds rise one to three meters, all being
part of a single site developed in close connection to the two rivers and eroded in
later Islamic times both by natural deflation and the ongoing artificial soil collection
used for manure and brick manufacture.
Most of the sampled ceramics are grit-tempered with sharply-angular multi-colored
grains. Two distinct systems of tempering seem to have been used during the late
4th millennium B.C. Fancy painted bowls contain a very low percentage of fine sand
per sq.cm., while the larger and coarser plain bowls and kitchenware jars contain
large quantities of medium to coarser sand.
Furthermore, the former type of pottery have been hand-made and fired red or
brown in a strongly oxidizing atmosphere.
In contrast, the latter may have been wheel-made and are more highly fired to
a buff-greenish coloration. Bowls were painted either on the interior surface or on
the exterior one. The monochrome designs include horizontal bands (002:1), vertical
lines (002:2), vertical wavy lines (002:3), horizontal wavy lines (002:5,11,17), zigzags
(002:12), hatched polygons (002:4), solid painted triangles (002:15), diamonds (002:8,13)
and different types of more complex patterns (002:7,9,14,16). All bichrome
combinations are made of complex patterns of alteration (002:10,18,19). The
heavier plain ware was used to make simple bowls with round rims (002:20,21), flat
lips (002:22), beaten edges (002:25,26) and a single low-necked jar (002:27). Finer
jars include a ledge rim specimen (002:28) and another comparable to the flared
expanded lip jars also common in the late 4th millennium B.C. complexes of
Khuzestan (002:29) (Johnson 1973:54-55). Finally there are some heavy ring and disk
bases (002:30-31).
The protohistorical wares from Ghobeira include types previously described by
Caldwell as Aliabad Painted and Mashiz Plain (Iblis 4 and 5). However the sample
seems to have been partly intermediary between Caldwell's Aliabad (Iblis IV) and
Mashiz Plain (Iblis V). For example most of the vessels in our collection are
sand-tempered like the Mashiz Ware, although we also have bichrome decorations
previously reported as peculiar of the Aliabad Ware. The two classes are probably
more diversified than it was originally proposed by Caldwell, as we could notice by
viewing a larger and spatially more articulated sample of the Mashiz Ware than was
ever available to him. On the other hand, it is possible that at Ghobeira we have
a site where a previously unknown 'Late Aliabad' or 'Early Mashiz' phase occupation
can be found as weel. (Quite arbitrarily we have referred to these ceramics as Early
Mashiz, the second term of definition (Sajjadi & Wright 1976) ). Our sample does
confirm Calcdwell's. statement for cultural continuity in the area: '[....] Iblis V looks
like a direct development out of Iblis IV [....' (Caldwell 1967: 67).
Site 005 GN 6052/ 2958: Unnamed

This site lies on the northern side of the Bahramjercl-Negar road and is presently
26 [16]
covered by the village cemetery. It is a group of five small natural elevations
stretching N-S, over a length of c. 1000 m. and 700 m. wide. Quite a larger number
of the minor sites were reported in these same conditions. Their remains are difficult
to locate out of such scanty evidence. In addition most of the sherds recovered are
non-diagnostic specimens and are strongly altered by surface erosion (4). As a fair
example we can present some early sherds from one of these sites. Two of the
diagnostic sherds in our collection are representative of wheel-made jars with painted
decoration (005:2-3) and both of them can be paralleled in the Yahya IVA assemblage
of the late 3rd-early 2nd millennia B.C. Undoubtedly we do not have enough sherds
to back a reasonable argument about the general dating and the cultural affinities of
the site.
Site 015 GN 5863/3028: Qaleh-Darko

Qaleh-Darko or Qaleh Babakan (figs. 8-10) is a small mound covering an area
of c. 0.7 ha. located in the southern part of Deh-Tazian, a village on the eastern
terrace of the Chari river at a distance of c. 700 m. from the actual river bed. This
site was first visited by A. Stein who has reported a short description (5) (Stein
1937:169). The sherds scattering on the top of the mound and around its base were
too few to provide a feasible sample. Most likely this is the reason why Stein does
not report to have collected any prehistoric material on the site, and probably this
accounts for the classification of Darko as an Islamic settlement. Potsherds are
scattered on a radius of c. 700 m. all around the mound. Two pottery classes have
been identified, but their diagnostic sherds were certainly not enough to date the
site. At a very generic level the pottery has been identified as partly prehistoric and
(4) We have recorded sites represented by such a low percentage of artifacts on their surface
resulting from the strong surface erosion that has affected the Bardsir area. Four factors primarily
characterize the area:
a. Heavy and frequent flash-floods that have eroded the thin and most exposed surface spread
of archaeological remains.
b. Most of these sites have had only a short period of occupation and the production of artifacts
deposition is almost everywhere very low, once compared with other areas in eastern Iran.
c. Probably most of these sites were depending on a town and/or other central settlements for
what concerned specialized pyrotechnological productions as pottery making and metal working.
d. Some of the smallest prehistoric sites were camp sites with very little material left to sediment.
In some cases we even have no safe evidence of residential occupation or economical activities.
(5) 'A small mound, known as Darko and situated above a little stream which is fed by a spring
of "black water" (the familiar Kara-su of Turkistan), and by the overflow of qanats, proved by its scanty
pottery to mark a village site of Mohammadan times' (Stein 1937:169). Unfortunately I have not heard
anything about the stream mentioned by Stein as the Kara-su. It might have been the present
Chahari, a stream originating from the Sang-e Siah mountains and flowing towards Baghein. For the
whole of its course it is known by, this name. There is not a river stream in this area known to our
information or drawn on the official maps as Kara-su.
[17] 27
Fig. 8 - Bardsir plain: site 015, Qal'eh Darko, seen from north-east.
Fig. 9 -rd
FpQn
/I
1O~1
Fig. 10 - Bardsir plin:n site
partly Islamic. All the sherds have a fine-grit or straw temper and originate from hand
made pots with a very fine paste. The body colour is usually from brown to red with
a reddish slip and decoration patterns vary from brown to black.
Vessel shapes include both fine and small bowls (015:2), vessels with the simple
bands (015:1.3) or zigzags (015:4), low-necked jars and simple broad rims (015: 5-6),
straw-temper medium-sized bowls (015:7), restricted vessels (015:a) (6), and medium
sized and orange ware bowls (015:e) and gray small jars (015:f). The slip of these sherds
has an uneven orange coloration. According to the survey and to the pottery
collected there is enough evidence to believe that Qaleh-Darko, apart from such sites
as Tall-e Iblis and M-1 close to it, both discussed in Caldwell (1967: 74-107), as well
as our site 106 (Sajjadi 1979:178), is the oldest one in all the valley. It can be related
to the Iblis II horizon, representing a small village of the early 4th millennium B.C.
on the eastern part of the Bardsir valley (Sajjadi & Wright 1976). However, its occu
pation period should have been rather short, since it was already abandoned at the
end of Iblis II approximately dated 3900 B.C., as no Dashkar Ware (Iblis III) was
found. At site 021 c. 1 km. north-west of Qaleh-Darko the Dashkar Ware has been
extensively found. The oldest pottery found belongs to the Iblis III horizon and might
attest mid-4th millennium B.C. occupation.
Site 021 GN 5870/3022: Unnamed

The site is beside the Negar-Tazian dirt road at a point where it crossed the
Chari river 1 km. west of Tazian. It sits on the slope of the western terrace of the
river close to a bend in the river. The shifting of watercourse has destroyed a portion
of the site and only about one hectare is left at present. The ceramics have a fine
sand temper, though some include additional chaff. Most products were hand-made,
the exterior sometimes being beaten to a sharp rim. Forms of the painted types are
bowls, one exception is a specimen, presumably a jar (021:11). These bowls were
decorated with both exterior and interior monochrome designs including plain bands
(021:1), cross-hatched triangles (021:2,9) simple cross hatches (021:8), oblique lines
(021:5,7), wavy lines (021:3,9) and roughly drawn circles (021:4,10). One specimen
is regarded as an undecorated bowl (021:12,17). Among the plain vessels there are
also bowls with flat (021:15) or beaten rims (021:1) and ring bases (021:18). A
distinctive vessel type could have been the heavy bowl with coarse sand temper
(021:13-14).
This small sample seems to be a prototype of the Iblis IV or the 'Aliabad Phase'
ceramics, and thus could be related to Iblis III or 'Dashkar Phase'. However, so little
Dashkar Phase pottery has been illustrated in the Iblis report that one cannot be
completely sure of the reliability of such an analogy.
(6) The figures expressed with letters are coming from a test trench excavated in Summer 1977,
while figures expressed with numbers were collected on the surface during the 1976 survey.
30 [201
Site 037 GN 6054/2963: Kandar-e Asiab
This prehistoric settlement (fig. 11) is one of the most outstanding sites found
in the course of our survey. Its importance is based on the type or pottery that we
have collected on its surface, a class that still lacks comparisons with other prehistoric
sites in the Kerman area. The only similar pottery in the Bardsir plain comes from
the nearby site 004, about 700 m. to the south. Kandar-e Asiab is located on the
western bank of the Chari river to the northeast of the Bahramjerd village. This is
an extensive area with some standing Islamic buildings. The surface covered by the
prehistoric pottery is c. 200 m. long and c. 150 m. wide. The section has been
widened by a drainage channel. At the bottom of this section we have found a lens
of painted pottery. This might represent part of a protohistoric site buried under the
modern village. As already mentioned one sherd of a-similar pottery was found a short
distance away at a site 004 close to the Bahramjerd village. Either there was an
adjacent small village there, or this sherd was carried to the modern village by the
way of mud-bricks.
All the early ceramics from this site are sand-tempered usually 10% to 15%
medium rough-grained sand from igneous rocks. With few exceptions they show
surface marks and internal structure of a wheel-made pottery. The vessel body is
fired to a light red or reddish brown coloration usually even all over the surface.
Fig. 11 - Bardsir plain: site 037, Kandar-e Asiab. The arrow points on the sherd collection area.
[21] 31
The exceptions so far documented are gray ware jars (037:35), and a small buff ware
disk form (037:36). Most of the vessels, apart from a few jars (037:29,30), have a
buff surface often decorated by a dark or black painted pattern. A greater part in
our collection are simple bands (037:1-2), vertical lines (37:3), wavy or zigzags lines
either horizontal (037:4-6), or vertical ones (037:9-10), cross-hatched triangles
(037:11-16), open rectangular (037:17-18) or step motifs (037:19-21). Various other
miscellaneous motives may represent stylized animals (037:22-25). There is a heavy
basin sherd (037:26) and a number of small jars with rounded bodies and low flared
necks. Sporadically they present painted bands (037:27,31,32) and some have red
surface slip (037:28-30), while a few jar fragments present more complex patterns
(037:33,34). As noted above, there is a gray ware jar with a rough burnished
surface (037:35). The designs on a presumed small plate are too badly worn to be
identified (037:36). All bases, probably of both bowls and jars, are flat. It is
noticeable that our collection does not include any large or thick-walled vessel type
usually related to storage functions. Either our sample comes from a functionally
specialized area that we failed to identify, or such vessels were made from other
materials than ceramic. The pottery from Kandar-e Asiab is like nothing reported
by Caldwell. However, it exhibits very general parallels to that from Shahr-e
Sokhteh, and particularly the period II, phase 6-5 assemblage dating between 2600
and 2450 (Tosi 1979). This is remarkably the case of the step motifs (037:19-21),
a pattern more common both in Sistan and in south-eastern Iran (Tosi 1969: 38e).
Until more sites of this type are located and investigated, we may add little more
commentary on our evidence. In keeping with Caldwell's practice we suggest the
tentative name of Bahramjerd Ware considering this ceramic class as an homogenous
whole (Sajjadi & Wright 1976).

Natural mound with an elevation of c. 7 m. above the alluvium located at a short
distance on the road between Kheirabad and Mazar, east of the Chari river. In
addition to the ceramics described hereafter, there are both late pre-Islamic and
Islamic sherds on its surface, covering a total area of c. 1.9 ha.
The sherd sample is similar to the one described from site 002 at Ghobeira NW,
although much smaller in size. In general the pottery is made from a finely tempered
clay, strongly fired to a harder consistency. The painted decoration includes simple
patterns and has a very low percentage of incidence. Among the painted patterns there
are bands (062:1,3) or wavy lines (062:2) found on plain hand-made bowls. One bowl
has a band with a distinctive red paint (062:4). Two sherds, likely from wheel-made
jars are also decorated with painted bands (062:5-6). Among the heavy kitchenware
forms, there are simple bowls with rims (062:7-8,10-11), flat lip bowls (062:12), beaten
lip bowls (062:9), a hole-jar (062:13). These ceramics are unquestionably related to
the Mashiz Painted, and Mashiz Plain types, and find comparative shapes in the
morphology of Caldwell's Mashiz horizon.
32 [22]
The site covers an area approximately of one hectar on the northern bank of the
Shirinak stream, 2000 m. a.s.l. More approximately, it can be regarded as a section
of site 080. The predominant pottery on its surface is a brick-red slip, medium grit
tempered. Predominant shapes are deep bowls with flat rims (081:1), bowls with
exterior flat rims (081:2), pots with flat and interior rims (081:3). At this site we
have found only one painted potsherd, whose decoration is black in colour and
applied on the interior surface (081:3), together with a few ground stone fragments
and some Islamic pottery that might have been transported from site 080. According
to the sherds collected, the ceramic complex can be classified as Iblis IV (Aliabad Phase).

Small prehistoric mound located c. 200 m. from Keshmesh Khaneh on the
eastern side of the road from Bahramjerd to Ghobeira. It covers an area of about
one hectar. Most of the pottery found belongs to the Iblis V period, closely
resembling the pottery found at Ghobeira NW (site 002).
The painted pottery has a buff slip on red paste, tempered with medium to small
grained sand. The painted decoration is black and patterns include wide and parallel
bands both on the interior (094:8) and the exterior surface (094:9), wavy lines on the
external surface (094:6). Shapes include deep bowls with everted and flat rims (094:1-4),
rimless deep bowls (094:5) and very fine bowls with everted rims (097:7). As
mentioned before the prehistoric pottery of this site matches sherds of the
Ghobeira and Iblis sequence (Iblis V). Apart from prehistoric sherds we have also
some glazed specimens that parallel the Samanid pottery of Ghobeira (c. 1000 A.D.).

The site is located near the village of Abbasabad on the road from Bahramjerd
to Kerman and extends slightly over 5 hectars. The pottery is predominantly of
coarser type although wheel-made with a red-to-brown slip. It has been built in
several shapes, medium size grit tempered; meanwhile painted pottery has not
been found and in the absence of a sizable sample it is very difficult to classify the
site. Generally speaking, it seems that it was occupied rather late for the
prehistoric sequence, perhaps during the Iron Age through the Achaemenid period
(097:7-9). Pottery shapes include three types: bowls (097:1-5), large cups (097:3-4)
and certain disk-shaped vessels (097:9).

This site probably is to be regarded as the most important one found in the
course of our survey. It is located between site 105 and the village of Kohansir and
originally covered an area of c. 21 hectares. To date we have been left with a reduced
[23] 33
PREHISTORIC SITES IN BARDSIR
periods in Sajjadi survey in south-eastern Bardsir (1976-77) Caldwell survey
years sequence
no name o3 C) C3C n L .0alC
2000
2100 z
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2900
VI -
3000
3100 Z
3200N
3300 <
3400 d
3500 6 14
3600
3700
3800 9
3900
4000 II
4100
420
430 1
440
450
460 0
Fia. 12 - Prehistoric sites in Bardsir plain with their occunation span accordina
part of it consisting of c. 3 ha. reaching a maximum elevation of c. 2.5 m. The
potsherds found, both unpainted and painted, are of a buff-to-bright orange ware with
a soft and medium-sized grit temper. The decoration patterns include simple wide
vertical and horizontal lines (106:10-11, 20-21), zig-zag lines (106:23-24), wavy lines
(106:26). There is also a possible animal representation (106:19), if we assume that
the parallel and curved lines under the rim might reproduce goat horns. One of the
painted bowls probably belongs to the Bahramierd Ware of site 037 (106:10). There
is another vessel (106:11) with a pattern morphologically close to the later phase 7
at Shahr-e Sokhteh dating around 2700 B.C. (M. Tosi, personal communication).
Some of the sherds found from this site are those of Yahya IVA and IVB (106:19).
There are some other sherds like those of Aliabad and Mashiz assemblages (Iblis IV
and V) (106:21,24). In general shape types include large bowls with rounded (106:1),
flat (106:3-5) and exterior rims (106:2). Deep bowls (106:6), rounded rim pots (106:12),
jars with heavy rounded exterior rims (106:15) and fine bowls with rounded and flat
rims (106:8-9).
Site 121 GN 5825/3379: Gask

On a southern section of the Gask village, within a narrow valley, there is
another remarkable site first found in this survey. The site is 2-2.5 m. high above
the present alluvium and covers an area of c. 7.5 hectares. The wind-deflated surface
is covered by gravel mixed with painted potsherds. There are large fragments of
limestone vessels, typologically close to those extensively produced in Sistan
during most of the 3rd millennium B.C. (Ciarla 1981).
Plain kitchenware is rather rare. The temper used is a soft grit with random
traces of straw or chaff. The paste in fracture has usually a red-to-orange colour,
more rarely gray or brownish; while the surface is buff, brown and orange. Shape
of vessels include simple bowls with round rim (121:1-2), deep bowls with round rim
(121:4), bowls with flat rim (121:5), fine bowls with flat and round rim (121:6-14),
deep bowls with sharp rim edge (121:15-18). Other types of vessels include some
very fine bowls with inward rims and fine ware flasks (121:26-29). All designs found
unfortunately are very fragmented and come from body sherds. Their restoration is
unreliable, but some observations are still possible: the paint colour is black,
designs consist of wide and simple lines of fine bowls (121:23,25,35,37), zig-zag lines
(121:36), wide horizontal bands comparable to those from Yahya IV A-B (121:34).
The rest of them are comparable with Iblis sequence IV, V and VI, the Aliabad,
Mashiz and Najefabad phases.
Site 122 GN 5850/3035: Tall-e A/i Mirzai

This is a tall mound located within the area of site 117. Site 117 is a very large
area south of Tazian and east of Pakush villages, covering an area of c. 100 ha.
along the eastern terrace of the Chari river. The site 117 is divided from the area
[25] 35
of site 015 (Qaleh-Darko) by a very deep ditch and is almost flat with the exception
of the section numbered 122. There are remains of structures that seem to be part
of a large destroyed citadel. However, this site is covered with a large quantity of
pottery fragments, that can be ascribed to the Sasanian and early Islamic periods.
We regard Tall-e Ali Mirzai (site 122) as a separate entity because it was only
in this section of the whole site 117 that we found painted potsherds. Site 122 is
also a real Tappeh mounded to an elevation of c. 5 m. above the level of flat site
117, covering a total area of c. 3 hectares. The paste of the pottery fragments found
is orange in colour and the body is approximately from red to orange. The vessel
fragments found in this site usually are very fine and their shape includes some
rounded rim bowls (122:1-2), rimless deep bowls (122:4), deep bowls with exterior
rim (122:11-14). Also in this site most of the designs are gone and not very well
visible. However they consist of parallel and wide lines (122:15-19). There is only
one fragment with a possible fish potsherd (122:20). The pottery of this site is
typologically alike those of Iblis II, III and possibly V (Iblis, Dashkar, Mashiz
phases).
Brief Observations on the Settlement History
The earliest settlement discovered in our survey of the Bardsir plains, with the
only exceptions of Tall-e Iblis and site M-1 close to it already discussed by Caldwell's
team in their report (1967: 73-107), is site 106. At present it extends over an area
of approximately 3 ha. The associated potsherds belong to the Aliabad and Mashiz
phases IV and V of the Iblis sequence (c. 3500-3000 B.C.). There are only two other
sherds that could belong to earlier Bardsir phase (Iblis I) of the late 5th millennium
B.C. The site is at a distance of c. 30 km. southeast from Tall-e Iblis. Apart from
site 106 we have not encountered in the whole of the surveyed area any evidence of
an earlier occupation. It seems that 106 was the only site contemporary to Iblis itself
in period I, around 4200 B.C. In any case during the Iblis I phase this site could
have been comparatively small.
For the Iblis II phase (c. 4000 B.C.) we have located in the valley two small
villages (map 1) both of them to the south-west of the modern town of Tazian. The
first is the site of Qaleh-Darko (site 015) belonging to the early 4th millennium B.C.
The second is site 122 c. 2 km. south of an earlier complex, where it occupied a total
surface of c. 3 ha. At site 122 we collected also some sherds of Dashkar and some
possible assemblage to the Mashiz phase (Iblis III and V). At Qaleh-Darko the
potsherds found belong exclusively to Iblis II, but it is more than likely that
settlement continued into the 3rcl millennium B.C. For the next phase of Iblis III
(Dashkar) apart from site 122 (map 1) there are two other sites, located c. 1 km. NW
(site 121) and c. 22 km. (site 059) from the earlier one, each with an area of c. 1 ha.
As we can see during all these phases, there was here no settlement to be paralleled
in size with those of the eastern half of the valley where Tall-e Iblis is located.
36 126]
During the successive Aliabad phase (Iblis IV) the number of sites continued to
decrease and settlements are located at a greater distance from each other, c. 30 km.
on average. The sites providing Aliabad material (map 2) are 081 with an area of c.
1 ha. and site 106 that during this period extended to its maximum size. Another
settlement with Aliabad pottery is Tappeh Gask (site 121), c. 45 km. east from site
106. The oldest pottery found at Gask belongs in fact to the Aliabad period (Iblis
IV, c. 3500 B.C.). There is evidence that at the beginning of period V we have here
some kind of inequality within the settlement pattern with the emergence of an early
town. The mashiz phase of Tall-e Iblis is still unreported from an excavated context.
In the eastern half of the Bardsir valley it can be divided into an early and later
phase. It is also possible that the early Mashiz phase in the eastern part of the valley
is the same Aliabad phase of Iblis. However during the Mashiz phase the number of
sites increased and new ones have been found that we have not seen during earlier
phases. Also in a quite contemporary context some of sites can be regarded for
size and/or internal complexity as small towns, as could be the case of Tappeh Gask
(site 121) extending for c. 8 ha. Interestingly enough there are no other prehistoric
sites surrounding it for a radius of c. 30 km. Another large site of this period is 106,
c. 30 km. from Tall-e Iblis. Further Iblis V remains are located in sites of Bahramjerd
and Tazian areas: 001 with an area of 3.3 ha., 002 with an area of 3.6 ha. and site
122. All the sites are located on direct lines with an average 10 km. as the crow flies
from each other. In the same area we have also found six small sites of the same
phases (020, 027, 036, 064, and 094).
This pattern might be explained with the growth of a more aggregated central
system of settlement. The only Iblis VI site is 121, although we remain doubtful of
its definitive dating.
On the northern part of Bahramjerd there is a site named Kandar-e Asiab (site
037) where we have found a type of pottery still unknown from any other assemblage
so far reported from the whole of the Kerman region. This pottery has been called
by us 'Bahramjerd Ware'. Out of a few sporadical correlations, its distribution
pattern, it could probably be assigned to the mid-3rd millennium B.C. Another
new type of pottery found is buff ware large vessels tempered with fine sand and
sometimes slipped to a red colour. This kind of pottery appears in the 2nd
millennium B.C. to continue until the end of the Sasanian period. However, most
fragments from this class of ware find their best comparisons at Yahya I and we are
inclined to regard it as a Sasanid production.
The largest site found in association with this pottery is 068, c. 100 ha. in
surface located between Bahramjerd and the town of Tazian (map 4). The air
imagery shows traces of buildings, streets, canals. Walls, of course, are perfectly evi
dent. Another site associated with this pottery is site 117 also extended for c. 100
ha., located at a distance of approximately 12 km. from 068. The Islamic period (700
A.D.) has been divided into five main phases: Early Islamic, Samanid, Seljuq,
Timurid and post-Timurid. Most Islamic sites belong to the Samanid and Seljuq
[27] 37
periods (map 5). The Timur Invasion of the area put an end to all towns and might
have quite radically altered the settlement pattern of the plain. Unfortunately, in the
absence of a more complete documentation, we cannot provide any solid data to set
a comprehensive quantitative picture of the settlement history in the Bardsir area of
SE Iran. The only prehistoric excavation ever carried out in the area is Tall-e Iblis,
from the Late Bronze Age to the Sasanid period. No excavations at all are available
and the closest assemblage remains Yahya, c. 180 km. to the south.
For what concerns the Islamic period the excavations of Ghobeira provide an
important collection of reference data, although still rather discontinuous in their
time range. From a total of 8 phases documented at Tall-e Iblis, in the eastern part
of Bardsir valley we have documented only four, II, III, IV and V. Meanwhile there
is still a very scanty evidence for phases I and VI. No trace of settlements are
available so far for phase 0 and VII at Iblis (c. 4500 and c. 1100 B.C.).
A radical demographical crisis occurred in the Bardsir plain during the 3rd
millennium B.C. This is evident in terms both of the graphed number of sites (fig.
14) and of total occupation surface as measured in hectares in fig. 3. By considering
the number of sites we have a growth of 250% between 5th and 4th millennia B.C.
that reaches its climax around 3400 B.C. Meanwhile during the next thousand years,
i.e. approximately between 3000 and 2000 B.C. we have a sharp decrease in the
amount of settlements active on the plain. The number of sites decreases of 260%
passing from a total of 14 settlements to only 3. This is also evident in the total of
the occupied surface, here illustrated taking also into account the differential
duration of each cultural period (fig. 13). We pass from a total of 9 ha. cumulated
by four sites at the end of period Iblis 0 (c. 4500 B.C.) to c. 40 ha. in 14 sites, by
the end of period Iblis IV (c. 3500 B.C.), when we register the largest number of sites
for a prehistorical period. This type of evidence seems to be best explained as a
consequence of progressive urbanism all over southern Iran. The Bardsir area was
not occupied by large urban settlements at least until Sasanian times, but it would
have been conditioned by the rise of cities in the surrounding regions of Iran.
The development of urbanism occurs in two successive stages: an economical built
up through an extensive spread of farming communities that progressively came into
capillary control of all subsistence resources that might represent the primary
accumulation of wealth (Tosi n.d.). A second stage is represented by the
redistribution of this wealth through various patterns of inequality: spatial,
professional and ultimately social. This means that over the same regions the
wealth accumulated in the previous stage mainly through land exploitation is
differentially distributed and re-invested according to the better capacity of certain
areas to meet with the requirements of a spirally-growing economy, demanding
higher levels of complexity and control over both resources and people. These two
stages are part of the same process. The first is the precondition for the second, and
the second represents a selective stage that would have taken different shape in
various areas of the world.
38 [28]
as .
IIvy
IN
SI
Fig. 13 - Dev
according to
each period a
A. Unidentified ?J. Iblis VII 7.0 ha.

B. Palaeolithic-Neolithic K. Bahramjerd Ware 3.0 ha.
Assemblage ?L. Yahya II (Achaemenian
C. Iblis 0 1.6 ha Period) 7.5 ha.
D. Iblis I 22.5 ha. M. Yahya I (Sasanian Period) 278.0 ha.
E. Iblis II 7.7 ha. N. Sasanian-Early Islamic 120.0 ha.
F. Iblis III 8.6 ha. 0. Samanid types 135.0 ha.
G. Iblis IV 39.3 ha. P. Seljuq-Ilxanid types 251.0 ha.
H. Iblis V 50.3 ha. Q.&R. Blue-and-White 232.0 ha.
. Thlis VI 30.0 ha
I
*4
SOS
a
S.
ftt
3.' Fig
* ',- 'o
* ....b
t*ss .x: .A.D. Histograms show the num
ber of sites in each period.
5& 304
29.45
10/1
Map 1 - Archaeological sites related to occupational phases B, D-F (Late*

Palaeolithic, Iblis I-3).
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122
Iiz
113 J1
5715
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY IN THE

SOUTH-EASTERN BARDSIR PLAIN
h - summer 1977-78
S crnitral town
* %mall %illage
C* Ir""N clc%ation in mecter a.s.
rricr drainage
.o spring
cultivated area
gravel ian
PALAEOLITIHIC i
N
* IBIIS I E
IBLIS 2 E
A IBLIS 3 F
II
I1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1Kmi
lit~illil'
*0
hb-As garu
I tj
111 11 1111
IDI
10/6
Map 1 - Archaeological sites related to occupational phases B, D-F (Late*

Palaeolithic, Iblis I-3).
LE-aZA
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A-If i Ol A
A na. i-Sh1:nnak*, * A
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A Lcntral town
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gravel ian
PALAEOLITIC b
N
* IBIIS I E
IBLIS 2 E
A IBLIS 3 F
l iil i''
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0 7
06
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1116 I*111
1119 111
L S1ng-SiA
5715

summer 1977-78
1 central town
* Small %illage
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- rl%cr drainage
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IBLIS 4 G
I BLIS 5 H
I I I I I I
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kuh-Agaru
.*1
21 .
i p| 11
"11111' 5 4
-NEGAR
P I
29.45
106
i~niih
IRaid Nxara
Map. 2 - Archaeological sites related to occupational phases G-H (Iblis 4-5).
11I
L2LE-ZA
*0 7
06
001 I
09
~1iIII II
036*
002
T.Z A 1111111
0211
-0* IV
II i
LALE- ZAR Ii
summer 1977-78
1 central town
* Small %illage
I clc%ation in meter a.s.I.
rl%cr drainage
Co ~ sp'i ng
1111111 cultivated area
gravel fan
IBLIS 4 G
S IBLIS 5 H
I I I I I I I
2 34 56 7 89 1Km
kuh-Agaru
b. **
121
Ar- U?Il YE
56.30 56.45
1j
*I V
29.45
106 107
I-L (Iblis 6-7,

Bahramjerd to Yabya II ceramic assemblages).
57.00
~IW~-z* ' 4l
097
037 t
111
oe1
004 *DLH T
Si
h-SabzSi 1
III
* *II
Riid- ar
5715

- . summer 1977-78
V central town
* small village
MP elevation in meter a.s.l.
river drainage
spring
a cultivated area
gravel fan
S IBLIS 6 I
IBLIS 7 j
AaBAHRAMJERD WARE K
YAHYA II L
llIII0 I1 I2 3I 4I5 I6 7I 8III

9 10Km
huh-Asgaru
i,, I ~ 11 ' I
NEGAR
29.45
106 107
Map. 3 - Archaeological sites related to occupational phases I-L (Iblis 6-7,i

Bahramjerd to Yabya II ceramic assemblages).
2930 c
45 4 UTC
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037
004'li111
111
Jill
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-h-Sabz
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I *
LALE- ZAR
II
III
LA L II I JL / % L j . I %L. L %J %J LJA V 1., 1 l1 11 I I .

- . summer 1977-78
I central town
* small village
/"ON elevation in meter a.s.l.
river drainage
spring
a cultivated area
gravel fan
S IBLIS 6 I
IBLIS 7 j
AaBAHRAMJERD WARE K
YAHYA II L
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8l9 10Km
0 1 3 4 5 6 1 8AR9 10Km
L.ll M.of/QAl
JllI ar - u I 1 EN
I 1
J l'
5630 156.45
1 11 116 7
1110*
29.45 lz
*A
anISslia-arl slmi)
P Ill
Sn- iih .
57 00
Y~'SZ~~-Z ..-II I
0290 0 028
003
33 060
31 I
1 t:b
* 042
111611
ii-lS bll *
DH T
IIIm
00?
010 0 l
S nIllh
5715

o- p summer 1977-78
central toAn
* small village
0 / elevation in nicter a.sI.
:j ri%er drainage
C spring
a1 cultivated area
gravel fan
* Partho-Sasanian (M)
0 Sasanian-early Islamic (N) N
IIIIIIl
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 t Km
L. MARIAM/.
ub-Asgaru
IIIII II
(I IIlis<.
29.45 10
103
1
-IRaid Mari
Map. 4 - Archaeological sites related to occupational phases M-N (Partho-Sasanian

and Sasanian-Early Islamic).
29 30
56 45
c-02913 03 028
003
060
31000
-h-Sabz
III I is -7Ast,xtl
II
LRiid- ard
2I SOUTH-EASTERN BARDSIR PLAIN
o- p summer 1977-78
central toAn
* small village
0 / elevation in meter a.s.l.
river drainage
O spring
a1 cultivated area
gravel fan
* Partho-Sasanian (M)
0 Sasanian -early Islamic (N)
IIIIIIl
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 t Kr
L. MARIAM/.
Auh-Asgaru
ar- 11 IAYE
IIIII II
%.30 156.45
IR
29.45 M
Map. 5 -
Islamic).
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57o
oos 4
II
o., I 0,
on
ol 4
IIN
5715

h-up summer 1977-78
central towsn
small %illage
,'\ cleoation in nicter .

ri%er drainage
spring
cultivated area
gravel fan
A Islamic sites 0. P. Q, R
N
lillIII
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Iw'^Km
L fARi4I.
AuhA
r u Asgaru A
* Ds
' till
NAR
III
Map. 5 - Archaeological sites related to occupational phases O-R (Middle to Late*

Islamic).
29 30
29.45
ooI 0
III I
iill
LALE- ZAR IIj
11 0.h a L i I
ih- U summer 1977-78
Scentral towsn
* small %illage
cleeation in nicter asI.
ri%er drainage
spring
11Ill1ll cultivated area
gravel fan
A Islamic sites 0. P. Q, R
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 'Km
L MARiQIVI.
00
uhmAgar oo
Iill I
II:
.iIll1I
Through the mechanism of reactive adaptation, Iran is one of the first countries
of the world to have undergone the process of major socio-economical change.
Different regional studies point out that the second stage takes place in hydro
graphically privileged areas during the second half of the 4th millennium B.C.
Khuzestan and the Susian plain, in particular, seem to have been the earliest to reach
this high degree of social complexity sometime around 3400 B.C., in the so-called Middle
Uruk period (Wright & Johnson 1975). Regions to the east have been the least
studied, but from the evidence gathered Malyan, the major center on the Marvdasht
in northern Fars, seems to have been founded around 3200 B.C. (Summer 1972).
Shahr-e Sokhteh in southern Sistan was founded around the same time (Amiet &
Tosi 1978). While the major cultural change and the introduction of writing have
attested to the major cultural change in the most remarkable settlements of so-called
Outer Elam (Tosi 1979) such as Sialk and Yahya (Lamberg-Karlovsky 1970;
Lamberg-Karlovsky & Tosi 1973).
Given the geographical condition of Iran it is quite evident that village economy
could subsist almost anywhere on the plateau and along the edges of the great deserts.
The unequal distribution of people and wealth that characterized the passage to
74
70
60
50
40
30
20
TC
sooo 4soo a030 0 20 so oo 1ooc soot o d oo00 so
??C D E F 0 H I K ? ? J ? L Af N O P OR
Fig. 15 - Time-space relation of number of sites and

periods in the occupation of Bardsir plain in the 3rd mil
[411 51
proto-urbanism will produce a totally different pattern of settlement. The most
macroscopic effects will be the abandonment and/or the marginalization of the hydro
graphically least favourable areas, whose population would eventually shift to the
major fertile and wealthy parts of the country. A greater part of the valleys south
of Kerman were sharply' depopulated around 3000 B.C. Some of them were never
resettled again probably since the farming yields would have been unexpectedly low.
This phenomenon was first discovered in the Dowlatabad plain west of Sughun and
Tappeh Yahya. Here the whole Rud-e Gushk drainage, intensively settled in
periods VI and V of the Yahya sequence, is totally abandoned (Prickett 1976).
We suggest here that an identical.phenomenon occurred in the environmentally
similar Bardsir plain as well and approximately only in a very few areas of high
alluvium and lower drainage. Some of the proto-historical occupation of Bardsir, in
spite of the copper and other mineral resources of the region, ended at the same time
the central urban sites in Fars, Sistan and around the Lut began to grow in the only
area where there were provided better living conditions in a new social order.
Passing from the prehistoric evidence to the historical one, from the 2nd century B.C.,
we see a new growth of settlement in the area during the Sasanian period. Sasanian
sites in the area occupy a total of c. 280 hectares in the whole of the surveyed
fraction of the valley. The number of sites found for this period is 21. In the 8th-10th
centuries A.D. the number of sites grew about 20%, while the actual occupied area
decreased rather sharply possibly as a result of the decentralization trends following
the Arab conquest and a shift to a less politically controlled farming production.
It is likely that a higher percentage of the population in the Samanid and Seljuq
periods (892-1193 A.D.), increased their dependance on capriovine herding. This
pattern continued while the number of sites remains the same as before and the area
under occupation grows to c. 135 ha. i.e., c. 12%. The Seljuq and pre-Ilkhanid
periods (1193-1335 A.D.) provide again an increase of number of sites to 34 with
a growth percentage of 31%. This time also the area of occupation reaches a major
peak after the Sasanian period. Around 252 ha. appear to have been almost
contemporaneously settled (fig. 13). Later we meet a sharp decrease in the number
of sites (almost 50%), reduced to a bare c. 0.8 % if we consider the settled areas.
We might have had here a phenomenon of agglomeration. From the Sasanian period
until the present day it seems that the large towns and centers were very rare and
only in three different periods of Sasanian, Samanid and Seljuq rulership, we had
some large cities and evidence of urbanism in the Bardsir plain.
52 [42]
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This paper is based on the work carried out by the author between June 1977 and October
1979 for the thesis 'Prehistoric Settlement of the Bardsir Plain: South-East of Iran, Results
of an Archaeological Survey in the Lands South of Kerman, 1979', defended at the Istituto
Universitario Orientale in Naples on November 28th 1979, for the fullfilment of the Laurea
in Lingue e Civilta Orientali. The long research work in Naples has been made possible by
the sponsorship of the Italian Foreign Office through a 3-year fellowship granted to the author.
Here I wish to thank the following people for their kind collaboration and assistance both
in carrying out the field survey in Iran and in editing this paper between Tehran and Naples.
First of all Prof. Maurizio Tosi of the Istituto Universitario Orientale, tutor of my research
work, who read the manuscript and provided useful comments on its earliest version. Dr Firuz
Bagherzadeh at the time Director of the Iranian Center for Archaeological Research and Mr
M.A. Kaboli, responsible for the excavation and exploration branch, who has granted all
necessary assistance and equipment to carry out the Bardsir survey within the frame of an
ongoing project for the compilation of an archaeological map of Iran. I also would like to
acknowledge their kind assistance and continuous support to my work. I am greatly indebted
to Prof. Henry T. Wright of the University of Michigan, who assisted me in preliminary study
of this material after the first season of survey. At the end I have to thank my wife Angela
Di Giovanni Romano (Sajjadi) for her continuous cooperation in drafting some of the illus
trations and Ms Antonella Peirce of the Dipartimento di Studi Asiatici. Final editing of the
English text has been kindly granted by Ms Rita Wright of Harvard University.
All the maps were drawn by L. Mariani on a base prepared by the author.
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[45] 55
APPENDIX 1
Bardsir Survey for Ancient Settlements
Prehistoric Sites Inventory

Data Cards
Abbreviations
A : Unknown Site
ASI : Iranian Army
BR : Brown
C : Complex Site
CS : Coarse Sand (Grit)
CUNI : Carte de la Vigtation Naturelle de lIran, Universite de Teheran, 1964
DK : Dark
FS : Fine Sand (Soft Grit)
G : Graveyard
GN : Grid number
ICAR : Iranian Center for Archaeological Research
LT : Light
MS : Medium-Sized Grit
R : Unknown Islamic or Post-Timurid Site
RD : Random Diagnostic Collection of Artifacts
S : Artificial Deposit on Natural Mound (Site)
SMI : Soil Map of Iran, Tehran 1961
ST : Straw (Chaff-tempered)
T : Tappeh (Mound)
TR : Trace
56 [461
N. Sasanian-Early Islamic:
Assemblages:
G. Iblis: 4: xxx Q; Blue-and-White:

(Qobeira) P. Seljuq Il-Khanid types:
1. Prehistoric B. Palaeolithic-Neolithic H..: Iblis 5: xxxx
C. Iblis 0: E. Iblis 2: J. Iblis 7:
D. Iblis 1: I. Iblis 6:. 4. Glazed Wares 0. Samanid types: XXXX
K. R.
BARDSIR SURVEY FOR ANCIENT SETTLEMENT Grid Number: 5975/2975 Other Designations: Site: 002
SITE DATA CARD

Ostan: Kekman Shahrestan: Ba.dsit Dehestan: DoWatabad
Length: - m. Width: - m, Direction of Length: Heigth: 1-3 m.
Excavations or Disturbance on Site: Bkithi.h expedition, eAoded by wate'
MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: Dowtfatabad Distance: 4 km.
Base Altitude above sea level: 2100 m. Map Refrence: ASI: 7349 I Nearest Water Source: ChaAi tivet, Qanats Distance to water : 50 m.
Tall-e Iblis Sequence F. Iblis 3:

ANCIENT CULTURAL FEATURES: Artifacts Density: 4 per sq.meter
3. Partho-Sasanian M. Yahya I :
Collection Sampling Technique: Rp Collection Location: ICAR
Notes on Previous fieldwork: Tat tAenchm by lbi expedition 2. Achaeminid: L. Yahya II:
Route of Access: QAt Acoad 6Aom Deh-Tazian to the Ate
NATURAL FEATURES: Sorrounding Soil: SM1,1967: 5-2a
Ancient Structures on Site: WaMt, Medioa mit
Recorded by: S.M.Seajdi Date: 17/7/76
Pottery Evidence: A. Unidentified:
Modern Structures on the Site: none
Surrounding Vegetation: CUN:12
Periods of Occupation:
Site Name: Qobeta NW

Vegetation on the Site:
R. XXXX
Assemblages:
G. Iblis 4: H.
XXXX
Iblis 5: XXXX
Q; Blue-and-White:
(Qobeira) P. Seljuq 11-Khanid types:
1. Prehistoric B. Palaeolithic-Neolithic
C. Iblis 0: E. Iblis 2: I. Iblis 6:

J. Iblis 7:
D. Iblis 1:
K. 4. Glazed Wares 0. Samanid types:
SITE DATA CARD Ostan: KeAman Shahrestan: Batd6i Dehestan: Bahluamjevd
Length: 1500 m. Width: 1000 m. Direction of Length: - Heigth: - m.
Nearest Water Source: ChaA 4iveA, QantS Distance to water : 100 m.

MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: BehAamjed Distance: - km.
Base Altitude above sea level: 2700 m. Map Refrence: ASI: 7349 1


2. Achaeminid: L. Yahya II:
NATURAL FEATURES: Sorrounding Soil: SMI, 1961: 5-2a
Modern Structures on the Site: BahA afeAd Vit&ge
Recorded by: S.M.Sajjadi Date: 15/17/6

Excavations or Disturbance on Site: None
Surrounding Vegetation: CONI: 11
Route of Access: Wthin the VUge

Notes on Previous fieldwork:
Ancient Structures on Site:

Site Name: No Name
E. Vahya IV B ? XXXX N. Sasanian-Early Islamic:
(Qobeira) P. Sl aq Il-Khanid types: XXXX
Assemblages:
Q; Blue-and-White:
D. Iblis 1: 1. Iblis J.
6: Iblis 7:
C. Iblis 0: H.- Iblis 5:
Pottery Evidence: A. Unidentified: XXXX

E, Iblis 2: G. Iblis 4:
4. Glazed Wares 0. Samanid types:
R.
BARDSIR SURVEY FOR ANCIENT SETTLEMENT Grid Number: 6052/2958 Other Designations: Site:005
SITE DATA CARD
------------------------------ - ----------------- ---------------------------
Length: 1000 m. Width: 700 m. Direction of Length: - Heigth: M.
Ostan: KeAman Shahrestan: Bakt& Dehestan: B a d
Nearest Water Source: Chaui 4iveA, Qanat6, WeL Distance to water : 100 M.
MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: 8ahAamje4d Distance: - km.
Notes on Previous fieldwork: Inves6tigationz at Tal- Ibiz p,96

ANCIENT CULTURAL FEATURES: Artifacts Density: no do-ta per sq.meter
Base Altitude above sea level: 2100 m. Map Refrence: ASI: 7349 I Tall-e Iblis Sequence F.-Iblis 3:
Modern Structures on the Site: ModeAn cemeteAy, Schoot

Collection Sampling Technique: Collection Location: ICAR
Excavations or Disturbance on Site: ModeAn gAaves
Recorded by: S.M.Sajjadi Date: 15//76
Surrounding Vegetation: CUNI: 11 Route of Access: Wit hi n 9Uage Ancient Structures on Site: Yone
Periods of Occupation: -

Site Name: No Name
R. XXXX
K . BahAamj eAd Wake XXXX
Assemblages:
Q; Blue-and-White:

I. Prehistoric B. Palaeolithic-Neolithic
D. IblisEB1: Iblis 2: I. Iblis 6:
G. Iblis 4:
C. Iblis 0: J. Iblis 7:
H;1.. Iblis 5:
SITE DATA CARD
Ostan: Keaman Shahrestan: Bwt&L' Dehestan: BaAatmjeAd
Length: 200 m. Width: 150 m. Direction of Length: - Heigtf: - m.
MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: Bah'amjetd Distance: - km.
Nearest Water Source: Chaki 'L00x, Qayath6 Distance to water : 300 m.

Base Altitude above sea level: 2100 m. Map Refrence: AST: 7349 1

Excavations or Disturbance on Site: Excavated by the viUages Collection Sampling Technique: RD Collection Location: ICAR
2. Achaeminid: L. Yabya II:
Ancient Structures on Site: Unknown mud Mick towet
NATURAL FEATURES: Sorr.ading Soil: SMI,1961: 5-2a
Recorded by: S.M.Sajjadi Date: 15/ 76
Route of Access: Within the tt&age
Surrounding Wegctation: CUNT: 11 Modern Structures on the Site: none
Vegetation on the Site: - Periods of Occupation:
Site Name: No Name
R. XXXX
Assemblages:
Q; Blue-and-White:
C. Iblis 0: E, Iblis 2:
G.H.. Iblis
Iblis 5: 1XXXX
4: XXXX
J. Iblis 7: (Qobeira) P. Seljuq Il-Khanid types:
D. Iblis 1: I. Iblis 6:
BARDSIR SURVEY FOR ANCIENT SETTLEMENT Grid Number: 5870/ 3024 Other Designations: Site: 020
Ostan: Kvamn Shahrestan: BaAdbiA Dehestan: Deh--fzian
SITE DATA CARD
Length: - m. Width: - m. Direction of Length: Heigth: m.
MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: Deh-Tazt'a'n Distance: km.
Base Altitude above sea level: 2300 m. Map Refrence: ASI: 7449 Il1

Nearest Water Source: Chaki xLvBA Distance to water : m. ANCIENT CULTURAL FEATURES: Artifacts Density: 5 per sq.meter
3. Partho-Sasanian M. Yahya I
2. Achaeminid: L.. Yahya II:
Collection Sampling Technique: R Collection Location: ICAR

Route of Access: Di4t XAcad j0m Deh Tazian to Negak
Excavations or Disturbance on Site: none

Surrounding Vegetation: CUNT: 12

Modern Structures on the Site:

Site Name: No Name

Assemblages:
Q; Blue-and-White:
E. IblisI. Iblis 6:2: XXXX

C. IblisO: G. Iblis 4: HN Iblis 5: J. Iblis 7:
D. Iblis 1:
R.
R. XX
Grid Number: 5863/3028 Other Designations: Site: 015

BARDSIR SURVEY FOR ANCIENT SETTLEMENT
SITE DATA CARD
Ostan: KeAnan Shahrestan:&BaAd6ik Dehestan: Peh-Tazian
Length: 150 m. Width: 80 m. Direction of Length: H Heigth: M m.

Notes on Previous fieldwork: Stein,1937: 169, Test ttench by IeaA (Sajjadi,1979)
Nearest Water Source: Chati AveA, Qaatlf- Distance to water : 200 M. MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: Deh-Tazian Distance: 0.7 km.

Collection Sampling Technique: RD Collection Location: ICAR

Excavations or Disturbance on Site: Excavated by the vUageL
2. Achaeminid: L, Yahya II:
Ancient Structures on Site: MudbAick debWLes

Recorded by: S.M.Sajj adi Date: 19/7/76
Site Naine: Qaleh-DaAko Modern Structures on the Site: flOE
Surrounding Vegetation: CUNI : 12

Route of Access: Wthin the vUage Vegetation on the Site: -
Assemblages:
Q; Blue-and-White:
No Iblis 5: XXXX
E. Iblis 2: G. Iblis 4: I. Iblis 6: (Qobeira) P. Seljuq 11-Khanid types:

C. Iblis 0: J. Iblis 7:
D. Iblis 1:
E. 4. Glazed Wares 0. Samanid types:
R.
SITE DATA CARD
Ostan: Keaunan Shahrestan: Bwds it Dehestan: Mahmudabad
Length: 250 m. Width: 100 m. Direction of Length: Heigth: m.
MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: Mahmudabad Distance: 2 k.

Nearest Water Source: Chitt tivet, Qtnatd Distance to water : 200 M.
Tall=e Iblis Sequence F. Iblis 3:

Route of Access: Dit coad AAom Bahamjekd to Abbasabad
Collection Sampling Technique: RD Collection Location: CAR
NATURAL FEATURES: Sorrounding Soil: SMI, 1961: 16 Excavations or Disturbance on Site:

Surrounding Vegetation: CUN!: 11

Modern Structures on the Site: - Notes on Previous fieldwork:

Site Name: No Name
Assemblages:
Q; Blue-and-White:
C. Iblis 0: I. Iblis J. (Qobeira) P. -Seljuq Il-Khanid types:

6: Iblis 7:
D. Iblis 1:E, Iblis 2: G. Iblis 4:RH. Iblis 5:
K. 4. Glazed Wares I 0. Samanid types:

R.
SITE DATA CARD

Ostan: Kaman Shahrestan: &ftdAc Dehestan: Deh-Tazian
Length: - m. Width: P m. Direction of Length: - Heigth: - M.
MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: Deh-Tazian Distance: I km.
Base Altitude above sea level: 2300 m. Map Refrence: ASI, 7449 111
Tall-e Iblis Sequence F. Iblis 3: y)

Nearest Water Source: Chait kiveA Distance to water : 50 m.

Excavations or Disturbance on Site: Etoded by the unteA

Route of Access: Dz,t toad Aom Deh-Tazian to NegaA
Recorded by.: S.M.Sajjadt Date:, 19/7/7,6
Surrounding Vegetation: CUNI: 12

Notes on Previous fieldwork: -
Ancient Structures on Site: -
Vegetation on the Site: -
Site same: No Name
BARDSIR SURVEY FOR ANCIENT SETTLEMENT BARDSIR SURVEY FOR A
SITE DATA CARD SITE D
Grid Number: bV?6/liD Other Designations: Sltd: 036 Grid Number: 6054/2963 Other
Site Name: Ho Homo, Site Name: No Wame
Ostan: KeAman Shahrestan: ZaAd&?A Dehestan: Bahnamj e/ld Ostan: KeAmxn Shahrestan: Eax
Length: 2500 m> Width: 2000 m- Direction of Length: - Heigth: - m. Length: 250 m. Width: 150 m. Dire
Base Altitude above sea level: 2100 m. MaP Refrence: ASI: 7349 T Base Altitude above sea level: 2100 m
NATURAL FEATURES: Sorrounding Soil: MI, 1961: 5-Za NATURAL FEATURES: Sorrounding Soil:
200
Nearest Water Source: ChaAi hJLvdA, QanitA Distance to water : m. Nearest Water Source: ChaAt hlxi
Surrounding Vegetation: CUUJ: 11 Surrounding Vegetation: CUhJJ: 11
Vegetation on the Site: Vegetation on the Site:
MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: BahMUmj QAd Distance: 2 km. MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest
Route of Access: V-Ovt tioad from BafaiamjeAd to mod&in QoboJJvi Route of Access: WiZkLn the. viZZa
Modern Structures on the Site: Modern Structures on the Site:
Excavations or Disturbance on Site:
Excavations or Disturbance on Site: Pee
ANCIENT CULTURAL FEATURES: Artifacts Density: 6 per sq.meter ANCIENT CULTURAL FEATURES: Artifa
Periods of Occupation: Periods of Occupation:
Collection Sampling Technique: W Collection Location: I CAR Collection Sampling Technique: RD
Ancient Structures on Site: Ancient Structures on Site: Mz&LvaZ m
Recorded by: SM.SajjcuU Date: 2S/7/76 Recorded by: S.M.Sajjadi Date: 27
Notes on Previous fieldwork: I w^tZgatlo n& cut Talt-l tbtit>, p: 96 Notes on Previous fieldwork: ?
Pottery Evidence: A. Unidentified: Pottery Evidence:

1. Prehistoric
Assemblages:
C. Iblis 0:
D. Iblis 1
E. Iblis 2
Tall-re Iblis Sequence F. Iblis 3 Tall-e Iblis Sequence
G. Iblis A
Hi Iblis 5: XXXX
I. Iblis 6
J. Iblis 7
K.
2. Achaeminid: L..- Yahya II: 2. Achaeminid:
3- Partho^Sasanian M. Yahya I : 3. Partho-Sasanian
4. Glazed Wares 0. Samanid types: 4. Glazed Wares
(Qobeira) P. Seljuq Il-Khanid types: (Qobeira)
Q; Blue-and-White:
XXXX
Assemblages:
Q; Blue-and-White:

1. Prehistoric B. Palaeolithic-Neolithic H..: Iblis 5: XXXX
D. IblisBE!1: Iblis 2:.
C. Iblis 0: G. Iblis 4: I. Iblis J.
6: Iblis 7:
K. 4. Glazed Wares 0. Samanid types: R.

SITE DATA CARD Ostan: Keman Shahrestan: SaAd6A Dehestan: Mahmudabad
Length: 300 m. Width: 200 m. Direction of Length: - Heigth: 7 m.
MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: Mahmudabad Distance: 1 km.
Nearest Water Source: ChaAi %AA, Qantb Distance to water : 500 m.

Base Altitude above sea level: 2100 m. Map Refrence: AST: 7349 1
Tall-e Iblis Sequence F.'Iblis 3:
Route of Access: DiAt &oad j4om Deh-Gab&L to Jatafabad

Collection Sampling Technique: RO Collection Location: ICAR 3. Partho-Sasanian M. Yahya I :
------------------------------- - - - ------------
NATURAL FEATURES: Sorrounding Soil: SMI, 1961: 16
Excavations or Disturbance on Site: -
Modern Structures on the Site: Ancient Structures on Site: -
Site Name: No Name
Assemblages:
Q; Blue-and-White:
C. Iblis D.
0: Iblis 1: I. Iblis 6:
J. Iblis 7:
G. Iblis H.:
4: Iblis 5:

R.
SITE DATA CARD

Ostan: KeAman Shahrqstan: Baktd' Dehestan: Bah)amjeAd
Length: - m. Width: - m. Direction of Length: - Heigth: - m.
----------------------- -- --------- - - ------------------
MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: JafWabad Distance: - km.
Tall-e Iblis Sequence p, Iblis 3: xx

Nearest Water Source: Chati tiveA Distance to water : m.
NATURAL FEATURES: Sorrounding Soil: SMI: 1961: 5-2a
Recorded by: S.M.Sajjadi Date: 4//76

Route of Access: Within the vifage
Modern Structures on the Site: -

Site Name: No Name
R. XXXX
Q; Blue-and-White:
Assemblages: (Qobeira) P. Seljuq Il-Khanid types:
1. Prehistoric B. G. Iblis 4: XXXX
Palaeolithic-Neolithic
E. Iblis 2: I. Iblis J.
6: Iblis 7:
C. Iblis 0:D. Iblis 1: NL. Iblis 5:
BARDSIR SURVEY FOR ANCIENT SETTLEMENT Grid Number: 5654/ 3018 Other Designations: Site: 081
SITE DATA CARD
Length: - m. Width: - m. Direction of Length: Heigth: m.
Ostan: KeAman Shahrestan: Bad,A Dehestan:
Base Altitude above sea level: 2800 m. Map Refrence: ASI: 7449 1II
MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: Sh4inak Distance: 3 km.

Nearest Water Source: ShiAmk AiveA Distance to water : m. Route of Access: DiAt toad 4tom Shtinakm to Laeehza)t
3. Partho-Sasanian M. Yabya I :
NATURAL FEATURES: Sorrounding Soil: SMI, 1961: 13 Excavations or Disturbance on Site: Etoded by watet
Recorded by: S.M.Sajjadi Date: 23/776

Notes on Previous fieldwork: -
Periods of Occupation: - Ancient Structures on Site:

Site Name: No Name
R.XXXX
Assemblages:
N. Iblis 5: xxxa Q; Blue-and-White:

C. Iblis D.
0: Iblis 1: I. Iblis 6:
J. Iblis 7:
G. Iblis 4:
SITE DATA CARD Ostan: KeAman Shahrestan: BaAd6t Dehestan: Dowtatabad
Length: m. Width: - m. Direction of Length: - Heigth: - m.
MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: Dowtatabad Distance: 0.5 km.
Base Altitude above sea level: 2100 m. Map Refrence: ASI: 7349 I

Nearest Water Source: Chai tieA Distance to water: m.
Route of Access: DiAt toad 4tom Doutatabad to Qobetia Collection Sampling Technique: RD Collection Location: ICAR
Recorded by: S._.Sajjadi Date: 4/8/76
Surrounding Vegetation: CUNt: 11


Site Name: No Name
Assemblages:
Q; Blue-and-White:
J. Iblis 7: XXXX (Qobeira) P. Seljuq Il-Khanid types:

E. Iblis 2: G. Iblis 1i
4: Iblis 5:
C. Iblis 0:D. Iblis 1: I. Iblis 6:
R. 2. Achaeminid: L. Yahya II: XXXX 4. Glazed Wares 0. Samanid types: R.

SITE DATA CARD
Ostan: Ketman Shahrestan: Batd6Ut Dehestan: AbbaSabad
ngth: - m. Width: - m. Direction of Length: - Heigth: - m.

MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: Abba6abad Distance: - km.
Nearest Water Source: Chati kivek Distance to water : 200 m.

NATURAL FEATURES: Sorrounding Soil: SMI,1961:16

Collection Sampling Technique: RD Collection Location: ICAR Excavations or Disturbance on Site: Etoded by watet
Modern Structures on the Site: Mode)tn village
Route of Access: Wthin the vifage

Periods of Occupation: - Ancient Structures on Site:
Site Name: No Name
(Qobeira) P. Seljuq Il-Khanid types: XXXX

Assemblages: Q; Blue-and-White:
1. Prehistoric B. Palaeolithic-Neolithic Hr.. Iblis 5: XXXX

C. Iblis D.
0: Iblis E1:. Iblis 2: G. Iblis 4: I. Iblis J.
6: Iblis 7:
4. Glazed Wares 0. Samanid types:XXXX
K. R.
SITE DATA CARD Ostan: Kvtman Shabrestan: Ba,tdsit Dehestan: Dowfatabad
Length: - m. Width: - m. Direction of Length: - Heigth: - M.
MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: DoWtatabad Distance: 2 km.
Nearest Water Source: ChaiLtiv egt Distance to water : 200 m.

Route of Access: Ditt 4oad JAom Dowtatabad to Deh-Tazian

NATURAL FEATURES: Sorrounding Soil: SMI, 1961:5-2a
Excavations or Disturbance on Site: Etoded by Watet

Surrounding Vegetation: CUNT: I I

Modern Structures on the Site: Ancient Structures on Site: -
Site Nasme: No Name
Assemblages:
Q; Blue-and-White:
C. Iblis
11.. 4: XXXX
Iblis 5:I.XXXX
lblis 6: XXXX
(Qobeira) P. Seljnq Il-Khanid types:
1. Prehistoric B. Palaeolithic-Neolitic E. Iblis 2: J. Iblis 7:
C. Iblis 0:D. Iblis 1:

R.
Grid
BARDSIR SURVEY FOR ANCIENT SETTLEMENT Number: 5825/3379 Other Designations: Site: 121
SITE DATA CARD
Length: 300 m. Width: 250 m. Direction of Length: EW 1Heigth: 2.5 m.
Ostan: KeAman Shahrestan: Batdsit Dehestan: Gask
Nearest Water Source: Spting, QaVnats Distance to water : 200 m.

Base Altitude above sea level: 2100 m. Map Refrence: AST: 7449 1I
MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: Ga6s Distance: 0.5 km.

Collection Sampling Technique: RV Collection Location: ICAR
Route of Access: Southetn dixt koad o6 Gas
NATURAL FEATURES: Sorrounding Soil:Recorded

SMI:796 7:16by: S.M.Sajjadi Date: 14/1/77 Excavations or Disturbance on Site: -
Surrounding Vegetation: CUNT :12

Moder Structures on the Site: Notrs on Previous fieldwork: -
Site Name: Gas k
Assemblages:
S. Iblis 6: XXXX?
Q; Blue-and-White:
1. Prehistoric B. Palaeolithic-Neolithic D. Iblis 1: XXXX
G. Iblis 4: XXXX H... Iblis 5: XXXX
C. Iblis 0:
E. Iblis 2:
J. Iblis 7:

R.
BARDSIR SURVEY FOR ANCIENT SETTLENENT Grid Number: 5902/2753 Other Designations: Site: 106
SITE DATA CARD
Ostan: K etma n Shahrestan: Ba'tdsUt Dehestan: Kohansit
Length: 230 m. Width: 160 m. Direction of Length: Heigth: m.
MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: Kohansie Distance: 0.6 km.
Nearest Water Source: Qa n Distance to water : 200 m.
Tall-e
Excavations or Disturbance on Site: Excavated by the vitfagets Iblis Sequence F. Iblis 3:
Base Altitude above sea level: m. Map Refrence: ASI: 7349 11 Collection Sampling Technique: RD Collection Location: ICAR
2. Achaeminid: L..Yabya IS:
Route of Access: Ditt toad Aom vifage to fhe site
NATURAL FEATURES: Sorrounding Soil: M1,7961 :5-Za
Recorded by: ,S.M.Sajjadi Date: 4/877
Surrounding Vegetation: CUNI 12 Modern Structures on the Site: - Notes on Previous fieldwork:

Site Name: No Name
Assemblages: XX
Q; Blue-and-White:
G. Iblis- 4;~ XXXX
I. PrhistricB. Palaeolithic-Neolithic
I. Iblis 6: XXXX
J. Iblis 7: XXXX
Grid Number: Other Designations: Site: 133 ( L-I) C. Iblis 0: XX
D.ElIblis
Iblis1:2:XXXXX
XXX
(Qobeira) P. Seljuq In-ihanid types:
HUS.- Iblis 5: XX

R.
Ostan:Ketman Shahrestan: Ba&ddt Dehestan: Heidat'abad
SITE DATA CARD
Length: 1g m. Width: m. Direction of Length: - Heigth: 11 m.
Excavations or Disturbance on Site: Investigated by Stein, 1937, Catdwett 1966
MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: Heida&abad Distance: 4 km.
Base Altitude above sea level: 2000 m. Map Refrence: AST: 7349 IV
Route of Access: Ditt cad 4tom HeLdaiabdd to the site Tall-e Iblis Sequence F.Iblis 3: XXXX

Nearest Water Source: LatehzaTt ivek Distance to water - m.
3. Partho-Sasanian N. Yahya I
Notes on Previous fieldwork: St ein, 1937, Catdwelf, 1967 2. Achaeminid: L. Yahya II:
Collection Sampling Technique: - Collection Location:

----------------------------- ------ -------------
NATURAL FEATURES: Sorrounding Soil: SMI, 1961 :13
Recorded by: Stein,Caedwett Date: 1930, 1964

1. Prehistoric
Site Name: Tatt-elbliz Modern Structures on the Site:
Pottery Evidence:
Assemblages:
Q; Blue-and-White:
1. Prehistoric B. Palaeolithic Neolithic

D. Iblis 1: I. Iblis 6:
J. Iblis 7:
G. Iblis HU,
4: Iblis 5:
C. Iblis 0:
R.
SITE DATA CARD Ostan: Ketman Shahrestan: Ba%d.6it Dehestan: Deh-Tazian
Base Altitude above sea level: 2300 m. Map Refrence: ASI:7449 III
Nearest Water Source: Chati tivot Distance to water : 100 m.
Tall-e Iblis Sequence F. Iblis 3 XXXX?

MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: Paku h Distance: 1 km.

NATURAL FEATURES: Sorrounding Soil: SMI,1961:5-2a
Site Name: Tatt-e ALimitzai

Modern Structures- on the Site: - Notes on Previous fieldwork: -

Vegetation on the Site: - Route of Access: No toad
G. Iblis 4: XXXX
Grid Number: - Other Designations: Stte: 135 ( L-3) 1. Prehistoric B. Palaeolithic-Neolithic H:. Iblis 5: XXXX
C. Iblis 0: E, Iblis 2: I. Iblis J.

6: Iblis 7:
D. Iblis 1:
R. 4. Glazed Wares 0. Samanid types:

Ostan: Ketman Shahrestan: BatdzLt Dehestan: HeidaAabad
SITE DATA CARD
Notes on Previous fieldwork: Ifnve.tigations at Taft-i IbU.6,p :85

Base Altitude above sea level: 2000 m. Map Refrence: ASI:734*9 IV
MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: He idtabad Distance: 6 km
Nearest Water Source: Lafhza& kivet Distance to water : - m.
Tall-e Iblis Sequence P.'Iblis 3:

------------------------------ -- ------------------
Collection Sampling Technique: - Collection Location: ?
NATURAL FEATURES: Sorrounding Soil: SMI, 7961 :13
Recorded by: Catdwetl Date: 1966

Route of Access: On the lbtis toad

Surrounding Vegetation: CUNT : 12
Site Name: No Name
Assemblages:
Q; Blue-and-White:
Grid Number: Other Designations: Site: 734 ( L-2) 1. Prehistoric B. Palaeolithic-Neoli.tlic

G. Iblis 4: XXXX
C. Iblis 0: E, Iblis 2: I. Iblis 6:
J. Iblis 7:
D. Iblis 1:
H. Iblis 5:

R.
SITE DATA CARD

Ostan: Ketman Shahrestan: Ba,%d6it Dehestan: Atiabad
Length: 100 m. Width: 25 m. Direction of Length: Heigth: - m. ----------------------- ----------------------------------
Base Altitude above sea level: 2000 m. Map Refrence: ASI:7349 IV
Nearest Water Source: Latehz arttvet Distance to water :2000 m.
Notes on Previous fieldwork: Inve.tigations at Tatf-i Ibtis,pp:75-6

MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: Atiabad Distance: km.

Collection Sampling Technique: Collection Location:

Recorded by: CaZdWeft Date: 1966
Route of Access: On the Ibtis road
Sprrounding Vegetation: CUNI : 12
Site Name: Atiabad
Assemblages:
Grid Number: Other Designations: Site: 137(L-4A) G. Iblis 4: XXXX Q; Blue-and-White:

C. Iblis 0: H. Iblis I.
5: Iblis J.
6: Iblis 7:
E. Iblis 2
D. Iblis 1:
R.
SITE DATA CARD
Ostan: Ketman Shahrestan: BatdsA Dehestan: HeLdaabad
Length: 20 m. Width: - m. Direction of Length: Heigth: - m.
MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: Heidatabad Distance: - km.
Notes on Previous fieldwork: Investigationz at Tatt-t Ibtis,p:85
Base Altitude above sea level: 2000 m. Map Refrence: ASI: 7349 IV
Nearest Water Source: Latehzat tivvL Distance to water : 2000 m.
------------------------- - --------------------- Tall-e blis Sequence F. Iblis 3

2. Achaeminid: L. Yabya IS:
Collection Sampling Technique: Collection Location:
NATURAL FEATURES: Sorrounding Soil: SMI, E: 13
Route of Access: On the Ibli. Atoad
Excavations or Disturbance on Site: Recorded by: Catdwett Date: 1966

Pottery Evidence: A, Unidentified:
Surrounding Vegetation: CUNI72

Site Name: No Name
1. PehisoricB. Palaeolithic-Neolithic
C.'Iblis- 4:, XXXX (Qobeira) P. Seljuq ti-hanid types:
Grid Numbset: Other Designations: Site:136 (L-4)
0: Iblis E.
C. Iblis 0. 1: Iblis 2:. i ,Iblis I.5: Iblis 6:.
J. Iblis 7:

R.
BARDSIR SURVEY FOR ANCIENT SETTLEMENT Ostan: Ketman Shahrestan: BaLtdlti) Dehestan: Heidaktabad
SITE DATA CARD
Length: m. Width: - m. Direction of Length: Heigth: - M.
MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: Heidatabad Distance: 6 km.
Base Altitude above sea level: 2000 m. Map Refrence: AST: 7349 IV
Notes on Previous fieldwork: lnvestigations at Tall-i Ibeis
Tall-e Iblis Sequence F.'Iblis 3:
Nearest Water Source: Latehzat )tivek Distance to water : M. ANCIENT CULTURAL FEATURES: Artifacts Density: 4 per sq.meter
3. Partho-Sasanian N. Yahya I
Collection Sampling Technique: Collection Location: ?
1. Prehistoric
Route of Access: On the Ibtis 'toad
Pottery Evidence: A, Unidentified:

Recorded by: Cafdwett Date: 1966
Site Name: No Name
Assemblages:
G. Iblis 4: XXXX
H" Iblis 5: XXXX
Q; Blue-and-White:
Grid Number: Other Designations: Site: 139 (L-6)
D. Iblis 1:
E Iblis 2:
J. Iblis 7:
C. Iblis 0: I. Iblis 6:

R.
BARDSIR SURVEY FOR ANCIENT SETTLEMENT Ostan: Ketma n Shahrestan: Bad,5it Dehestan: Heidatabad
SITE DATA CARD
Length: - m. Width: m. Direction of Length: H Heigth: m.
MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: Heidatabad Distance: 6 km. Base Altitude above sea level: 2000 m. Map Refrence: ASI:7349 IV
Nearest Water Source: Latehza% tive& Distance to water M. Notes on Previous fieldwork: InvestigatLons at Taf-k Ibtis


Collection Sampling Technique: Collection Location: p
Recorded by: Catdwell Date:: 1966

Route of Access: On the TbZi6 toad

Surrounding Vegetation: CUNTi: 12

Site Name: No Name
Q; Blue-and-White:

Assemblages:
H .Iblis 5: XXXX
Grid Number: Other Designations: Site:138(L-5) C. Iblis D.

0: Iblis i:
I. Iblis 6:J. Iblis 7:

E, Iblis 2 G. Iblis 4:,
R.
Ostan: Ketman Shahrestan: BRJddit Dehestan: Heidatabad
SITE DATA CARD
Length: - m. Width: - m. Direction of Length: Heigth: - M.
Notes on Previous fieldwork: mnvestigations at TaU-i 1blis,pp:+q

MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: Heldatabad Distance: 6 km.
Base Altitude above sea level: 2000 m. Map Refrence: ASi:7349 JV Tall-e Iblis Sequence F. Iblis 3:


Nearest Water Source: Latezat Aivek Distance to water M.
Collection Sampling Technique: Collection Location: 9

NATURAL FEATURES: Sorrounding Soil: SMI, 19 6 1:13
Recorded by: CaZdweft Date: 1966

Route of Access: On the lbtis toad

Surrounding Vegetation: CUNI . 12 Modern Structures on the Site:
Site Name No Name
Assemblages: Q; Blue-and-White: XXXX

C. Iblis 0: XXXX
(Qobeira) P. Seljuq I-Khanid types:
Grid Number: Other Designations: Site: 140 (M-1 1. Prehistoric B. Palaeolithic-Neolithic
D. Iblis 1:E. Iblis 2: G. Iblis 4:, I. Iblis J.

6: Iblis 7:
H.: Iblis 5:
---------------- ------------ ----------------------- -----

R.
SITE DATA CARD
Length: - m. Width: - m. Direction of Length: Heigth: _ m.

Ostan: Ke4man Shahrestan: BaAdzit Dehestan: gaAdzi&
Base Altitude above sea level: 2000 m. Map Refrence: AST:7349 IV
MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: BaAdzit Distance: 3 km.

Notes on Previous fieldwork: I nve 69ation at Tatt-IbbiUz 2. Achaeminid: L. Yahya II:
Collection Sampling Technique: - Collection Location:
NATURAL FEATURES: Sorrounding Soil: SMI, 1961:13
Nearest Water Source: - Distance to water : m.

Recorded by: Caldwett Date: 7966
Route of Access:.,
Site Name: No Name
CHART 1
Archaeological and Ecosystemic Characters

Key to chart 1 of Ancient Sites in the Bardsir Plain of Iran
Artifact density: 1. none

2. very few
3. few
4. medium
5. much
6. very much
Archaeologial Characters: A. unidentified
B. Palaeolithic-Neolithic assemblages
C. Iblis 0
D. Iblis 1
E. Iblis 2
F. Iblis 3
G. Iblis 4
H. Iblis 5
I. Iblis 6
J. Iblis 7
K. Bahramjerd Ware
L. Yahya II (Achaemenid)
M. Yahya I (Partho-Sasanian)
N. Sasanian-Early Islamic types
0. Samanid type
Q. Blue-and-white types of glazed ware
R. Unidentified or very recent Islamic types
Type of Soil: 1. Fine-textured alluvial soils

5-2a. Desert soil-regosols
6. Sierozem soils
13. Calcareous Lithosols-desert & Sierozem soils
16. Lithosoils (from igneous rocks)
Type of Vegetation: 7. Juniperus excelsa

11. Steppic with vegetation Artemisia and Astragalus
12. Zygophillum atriplicoides
15. Amy gdalus scoparia, Acer cinaracens
16. Tamarix articulata
21. Zizyphus spina-christi, Prosopois spicigera
[611 71
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CHART 2
Chronological Table
(on page 82)
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APPENDIX 2
Topographical References for Listed Sites
Site No. Grid No. Map No. Aerial Photo No. Area in Hectares
001 6050/2960 7349 I - 3.3
002 5975/2975 7349 I - 3.6
003 5950/2980 7349 I -
004 6052/2962 7349 I - 0.4
005 6052/2958 7349 I - 0.4
006 5869/3052 7349 III -
007 5857/3051 7349 III - 1.2
008 5860/3047 7349 III - 0.8
009 5846/3041 7349 III - 1.2
010 5846/3042 7349 III - 0.6
011 5875/3034 7349 III - 2.0
012 5874/3036 7349 III - 1.0
013 5871/3038 7349 III -
014 5872/2985 7349 III - 0.2
015 5863/3028 7349 III - 0.7
016 5866/3032 7349 III - 0.7
017 5878/3034 7349 III - 1.0
018 5880/3031 7349 III - 1.0
019 5872/3025 7349 III - 0.7
020 5870/3024 7349 III - 0.8
021 5870/3022 7349 III - 1.0
022 5869/3019 7349 III - 0.6
023 6058/2998 7349 I - 1.0
024
025
026 6097/2982 7349 I - 0.7
027 6096/2980 7349 I - 0.3
028 6095/2980 7349 I - 0.5
029 6095/2977 7349 I - 1.0
030 6085/2978 7349 I - 0.8
031 6067/2965 7349 I - 0.8
032 6080/2974 7349 I - 1.7
033 6073/2972 7349 I - 2.0
034 6077/2973 7349 I -- 1.8
035 6041/2955 7349 I --
036 6028/2955 7349 I - 36.0
037 6054/2963 7349 I -- 0.3
038 5972/2965 7349 I -- 0.9
84 [74]
039 6033/2975 7349 I 2.0
040 6034/2974 7349 I - -
041 6030/2976 7349 I 1.8
042 6028/2985 7349 I - 0.4
043 6032/2983 7349 I - -
044 6043/2980 7349 I 1.0
045 6053/2972 7349 I 0.9
046 5853/3051 7449 I - -
047 5871/3041 7449 III 0.6
048 5871/3042 7449 I 1.0
049 5881/3046 7449 I - -
050 5878/3046 7449 III 0.4
051 5875/3046 7449 I - -
052 5873/3044 7449 III 1.6
053 5860/3055 7449 III 1.0
054 5863/3060 7449 III 0.7
055 5863/3051 7449 III 1.0
056 5866/3051 7449 III 0.4
057 5866/3052 7449 III 0.8
058 6050/2980 7449 I - -
059 6088/2982 7449 I 1.0
060 6072/2980 7449 I 2.5
061 6058/2993 7449 I - -
062 6066/2979 7449 I - -
063 6013/2970 7449 I 0.8
064 6014/2963 7449 I 0.8
065 5870/3037 7449 I - -
066 6025/2960 7449 I - -
067 5972/2975 7449 I
068 5965/2966 7449 I - 108.
069 6017/2958 7449 I 5.5
070 5993/2956 7449 I - 14.0
071 6045/2798 7449 I - -
072 6047/2800 7449 I - -
073 6053/2804 7449 I - -
074 6044/2787 7449 I
075 5938/2980 7449 I - -
076 6063/2804 7449 I 2.5
077 6027/2700 7349 I 5 023 67 361 2.8
078 6018/2805 7349 I 5 023 67 361 3.3
079 6008/2811 7349 I 5 023 67 361 2.3
080 5656/3022 7449 III - -
081 5654/3018 7449 III - -
082 5660/3013 7449 III - -
083 5642/3 140 7449 III - -
084 5646/3 145 7449 III - -
085 5647/2830 7349 II - -
17 5] 8 5
086 5642/2841 7349 II

087 5662/2814 7349 II
088 5685/2975 7349 II
089 5879/3028 7449 III 11 043 67 361 2.1
090 5875/3037 7449 III 11 043 67 361 2.0
091 5958/2985 7349 I 8 045 67 361 2.3
092 5960/2990 7349 I 8 045 67 361 7.6
093 5967/2966 7349 I 8 045 67 361 3.4
094 5970/2983 7349 I 8 045 67 361 2.9
095 6011/2977 7349 I 8 045 67 361
096 6097/2995 7349 I 3 037 67 361 1.6
097 6108/2996 7349 I 3 039 67 361 5.5
098 6108/2990 7349 I 3 039 67 361 1.3
099 6116/2991 7349 I
100 6114/2993 7349 I
101 6112/2995 7349 I
102 5908/2764 7349 II 10 027 67 361 3.0
103 5903/2761 7349 II 10 027 67 361 8.2
104 5900/2755 7349 II 10 027 67 361 2.7
105 5905/2750 7349 III 10 027 67 361
106 5802/2753 7349 II 10 027 67 361 36.00
107 5901/2782 7349 II 10 027 67 361 16.00
108 5898/2782 7349 II 10 027 67 361 6.3
109 5898/2775 7349 II 10 027 67 361 12.0
110 5894/2774 7349 II 10 027 67 361 8.2
111 5895/2762 7349 II 10 027 67 361 1.9
112 5921/2765 7349 I 10 027 67 361 1.7
113 5930/2767 7349 I 9 025 67 361 22.0
114 5783/3155 7449 III 16 005 67 362 19.0
115 5775/3163 7449 III 16 005 67 362 1.4
116 5770/3252 7449 II 10 011 67 362 3.6
117 5850/3040 7449 III 12 045 67 361 100.
118 5859/3082 7449 III 12 045 67 361
119 5913/3245 7449 II 11 013 67 362
120 5910/3250 7449 II 11 013 67 362
121 5825/3379 7449 II 7.5
122 5850/3035 7449 III -
123 5832/3381 7449 II
124 5850/3380 7449 II
125 5807/3410 7449 II
126 5749/3414 7449 II
127 5755/3400 7449 II
128 5899/3017 7449 III - -
129 5901/3016 7449 III --
130 5886/3039 7449 III --
131 5882/3040 7449 III --
132 5857/3047 7449 III --
86 [761
APPENDIX 3
Ceramic Correspondences with the Iblis Sequence
The recent publication by M.R. Sarraf of the Iblis ceramic sequence (1981) provides the
only excavated seriation of cultural assemblages for chronological partition of our survey
material. The relevant correspondences are listed in table 1 and we acknowledge the kind
assistent of Dr Sarraf in drawing the parallels with our potsherds. Anyway it is immediately
remarkable how few characters the two assemblages have in common. Out of 210 prehistoric
sherds encompassing the diagnostic collection from the Bardsir survey, only 22, just over 10%,
find a direct correspondence for either decoration or shape with the Iblis sequence. The
explanation might equally lay in a strong intraregional variability of a decentralized pottery
production and in the bias of differential direction conditioning the recollection of the
archaeological finds. Given the early stage of exploration in the area neither of the these two
causes might be given priority.
Further considerations can be drawn by comparing the chronological distribution of the
prehistoric sites detected by our survey and those reported by Caldwell (1967), chart I. There
is a total of 26 sites and 20 of them can be dated to the second half of the 4th millennium
B.C. (periods 4-5 Iblis). The only excavated site in the area, i.e. Iblis or site 133, remains
the single one with the whole range of occupation from the mid 5th to the mid 3rd millennium
B.C. The early periods 0-3 have been a rare occurrence in surface contexts: two sites in the
Caldwell survey, five in ours. While on one side we may presume a pattern of steady
population growth during the 5th and 4th millennia B.C. such as detected from the neighbour
ing areas of Soghun region (Beale 1976) or Southern Turkmenia (Hlopina 1972). It is equally
possible that the early periods are so far more elusive across the archaeological record.
Undoubtly the region was densely populated till the late 4th millennium B.C., but by no means
we may assume that this density contrasted with the settlements in earlier times as it does
with our in of the 3rd millennium B.C. Only those sites in the whole of Bardsir, associated
with pottery resembling the Yahya IVB production (004, 005 and 037), could be dated to
the 3rd millennium B.C., when urbanism was developing at a short distance in Fars and around
the southern edge of the Lut desert.
[77] 87
Table 1 - Types of morphological relation among potsherds from the Bardsir survey and the Iblis sequence
as presented by Sarraf in 1981 (PD = Pottery Design; S = Shape).
Bardsir Survey . Iblis Sherd Reference

Iblis Period Site/Sherd No. Type of Relation (cf. Sarraf 1981)
106: 11 PD fig. 1: 7
037: 6 PD fig. 22: 256
002: 5 PD fig. 25: 290

8 PD fig. 11: 128
16 PD fig. 34: 366-370
17 PD fig. 26: 299
18 PD fig. 27: 303
29 S fig. 59: 513
015: d S fig. 40: 32
IV 021: 3 PD fig. 25: 286
4 PD fig. 34: 372
6 PD fig. 16: 185
037: 10 PD fig. 26: 301
121: 8 S fig. 41: 33-37
9 S fig. 41: 33-37
11 S fig. 41: 33-37
13 S fig. 40: 32
14 S fig. 41: 44
122: 6 S fig. 39, 40: 17-32
88 1781
APPENDIX 4
Illustrated Inventory of Prehistoric Ceramics
Ceramics from Site 5975/2975 (002) Qobeira
Sherd 0 Thick Temper Body Color Outer Slip Paint

No. Type Color Color
1 14 .62 Tr. FS Lt. Red V. Pale Br. V. DK. Gray
2 18 .60 Tr. FS Brown Lt. Gray V. DK. Gray
3 11 .80 5% MS Lt. Red V. Pale Br. V. DK. Gray
4 12 .72 None Red-Yellow Lt. Gray V. DK. Gray
5 12 .60 5% FS Strong Br. V. Pale Br. V. DK. Gray
6 14 .45 Tr. FS Red-Yellow Pink DK. Gray
7 - .55 Tr. FS Red-Yellow Pink Red
8 - .92 5% MS Lt. Red Pink DK. Gray
9 - .58 10% FS Pink Pale Yellow Black
10 - .80 10% MS Pale Yellow V. Pale Br. V. DK. Gray
11 - .65 5% MS Red-Yellow Pink Worn
12 18 .58 Tr. FS Red-Yellow V. Pale Br. Worn
13 20 .80 10% FS Lt. Br. White V. DK. Gray
14 20 .52 10% MS Strong Br. V. Pale Br. DK. Gray
15 32 .75 10% FS Lt. Br. White DK. Gray-Br.
16 - .65 5% FS Pale Br. Red-Br. Worn
17 - .70 5% FS Red-Yellow V. Pale Br. DK. Gray
18 - .50 Tr. FS Red-Yellow Pink V. DK. Gray
19 8 .65 None Lt. Br. White Black
20 20 .50 5% MS Lt. Red. Pink None
21 36 1.42 CS & ST V. Pale Br. Pink None
22 18 .90 10% CS Red Pink None
23 28 .68 15% CS Lt. Red Red None
24 28 .91 20% CS Pink Pink None
25 16 .82 10% MS Lt. Red Red-Yellow None
26 24 1.00 15% CS Red Pink None
27 12 .98 15% CS Lt. Red Pink None
28 10 .70 15% CS Red-Yellow V. Pale Br. None
29 14 .45 10% FS Red Br. Lt. Red None
30 7 .90 5% ES Lt. Red White None
31 5 1.05 10% ES V. Pale Br. White None
[79] 89
3 4
10
12
11
13
14
15
17
16
18 1,9
20
21
N
28
29 30
(2)
Ceramics from Site 6052/2958 (005)

1 10 .55 Tr. ST. White White None
2 8 .60 5% FS Gray Lt. Red.-Br. DK. Red-Br.
3 12 .90 10% FS Red-Yellow None Worn
owl3
(3)
Ceramics from Site 5863/3028 (015) Qal'eh Darko

1 28 .70 5% FS Pink Weak Red V. DK. Gray
2 16 .40 Tr. FS - Lt. Red Weak Red None
3 16 .75 5% FS Red-Yellow Red DK. Red Br.
4 12 .40 Tr. FS Lt. Red Red DK. Red Gray
5 12 .65 5% FS Brown V. Pale Br. DK. Red Gray
6 16 .65 Tr. FS Brown Lt. Gray DK. Red Gray
7 24 .70 15% FS Brown None None
11
v/44
(4)

1 10 .60 5% FS Lt. Br. White V. DK. Gray
2 10 .60 10% FS Lt. Red-Br. White V. DK. Gray
3 14 .55 Tr. FS Lt. Red V. Pale Br. V. DK. Gray Br.
4 12 .45 51 FS Lt. Red-Br. White Worn
5 22 .60 5% FS Lt. Red-Br. White Worn
6 12 .50 Tr. FS Brown White V. DK. Gray
7 28 .70 Tr. FS Red-Yellow White Worn
8 - ? Tr. FS Lt. Red Pink Worn
9 - .50 10% FS, ST V. Pale Br. White V. DK. Gray
10 - 1.00 10% FS Lt. Yellow White Worn
11 - .85 10% FS Red V. Pale Br. V. DK. Gray
12 24 .70 Tr. FS Lt. Br. White None
13 20 1.20 25% MS? Lt. Red-Br. Lt. Red None
14 36 1.50 25% MS? Red-Yellow White None
15 28 .70 10% FS V. Pale Br. White None
16 38 .70 10% FS Lt. Red. Br. Lt. Gray None
17 12 .60 10% FS Red-Yellow White None
[87] 97
4 /1
__ 5
67
10
212
(5)
Ceramics from Site 6054/2963 (037) Kandar-e Asiab

1 14 .51 15% MS Lt. Red V. Pale Br. DK. Gray
4 16 .49 10% MS Lt. Red V. Pale Br. V. DK.Gray
6 14 .61 10% MS Lt. Red V. Pale Br. Black
9 10 .49 10% MS Lt. Red-Br. V. Pale Br. V. DK. Gray
10 14 .59 10% MS Lt. Red V. Pale Br. Black
11 14 .66 5% MS Lt. Red-Br. White V. DK. Gray
15 16 .76 10% MS Red-Yellow V. Pale Br. V. DK. Gray
16 12 .56 5% MS Red White V. DK. Gray
17 12 .54 15% MS Red V. Pale Br. Black
19 16 .59 15% MS Red-Yellow White Black
20 14 .60 15% MS Lt. Red White V. DK. Gray
21 14 .56 10% MS Red-Yellow White V. DK. Gray
22 14 .50 5% MS Red V. Pale Br. DK. Gray
24 12 .49 15% MS Lt. Red-Br. V. Pale Br. V. DK. Gray
25 10 1 .54 5% MS Red-Yellow Red-Yellow V. DK. Gray
26 14 1.00 20% MS Red-Yellow White None
27 10 .50 15% MS Red V. Pale Br. Paint Worn
28 14 .47 5% MS Lt. Red Pink None
29 10 .43 TR. FS Lt. Red No Slip None
30 10 .40 5% MS Red-Yellow Lt. Red None
32 12 .39 5% MS Lt. Red-Br. V. Pale Br. Black
33 - .70 10% MS Red-Yellow White V. DK. Gray
34 - .55 Tr. FS Red V. Pale Br. V. DK. Gray
35 17 .95 30% CS? DK. Gray Br. LT. Br. Gray None
36 10 .54 TR. FS White White Paint Worn
[91] 101
7
/15
) 10 1 7
11
18
12 19
13
22
23
24
25
26
28
29
30
31
32
34
335
36
(6)

1 6 .60 5% FS Red-Yellow V. Pale Br. DK. Br.
2 12 .60 10% MS Lt. Red V. Pale Br. DK. Br.
3 - .60 10% FS Pink V. Pale Br. V. DK. Br.
4 10 .60 5% MS Pink Lt. Red Br. Red
5 - .90 5% MS Lt. Red V. Pale Br. V. DK. Gray
6 - .80 10% FS Lt. Yellow-Br. Red-Yellow DK. Red-Br.
7 24 .80 Tr. FS Red-Yellow V. Pale Br. None
8 18 .80 5% FS Lt. Red Red-Br. None
9 18 .50 5% FS Red-Yellow Lt. Red None
10 14 .90 15% FS Red-Yellow None None
11 16 1.00 10% MS, ST Pink White None
12 20 .90 15% MS Red-Br. None None
13 10 .90 15% FS Lt. Yellow-Br. Pale Yellow None
14 22 1.10 10% FS Lt. Gray Pale Yellow None
106 [96]
1 NT/2
/7
[97] 1 07
9
10
11
12
13
(7)

1 22 1.70 10% FS Buff V. Pale Br. None
2 20 1.60 10% MS Orange Pale Br. None
3 10 .90 10% FS Buff Pale Br. Black
4 24 1.70 10% MS Red Red None
5 16 .60 10% FS . Buff V. Pale Br. None
,Zip 5
(8)

1 24 1.30 5% MS Orange Orange None
2 22 1.40 5% MS & ST Black & Red Buff None
3 22 1.30 5% FS Black & Red Red None
4 20 1.40 5% MS Red Buff None
5 20 1.20 5% MS Lt. Red Buff None
6 12 .70 5% FS Lt. Red Brown Black
7 6 .40 5% FS Buff Buff None
8 - .50 5% FS White? White? Black
9 - .60 5% FS Red Red Black
10 - .50 5% FS Red Buff Black
89
10
[101]11
(9)

1 22 1.70 5% MS Brown Brown None
2 18 1.00 5% MS, ST Buff Buff None
3 26 1.60 5% MS Lt. Red Red None
4 24 1.30 5% MS Lt. Red Lt. Red None
5 14 .60 5% FS Orange Br. Orange None
6 14 1.20 5% MS Lt. Red Buff None
7 14 .90 5% FS Orange Lt. Br. None
8 18 1.50 10% MS DK. Buff Buff None
9 20 1.20 5% MS Orange Lt. Br. None
__ 3
AT ] \6
[103]11
(10)

1 26 1.10 5% FS Lt. Br. Buff None
2 24 1.00 5% MS Burnt-Br. Buff None
3 22 .70 5% MS Orange Buff None
4 20 .80 5% FS, ST Burnt-Black Brown None
5 18 1.00 5% FS Orange Buff None
6 12 .90 5% FS Orange Buff None
7 18 1.80 10% MS Burnt-Black Burnt-Br. None
9 16 .90 5% FS Lt. Orange Brown None
10 16 .70 5% FS Buff Buff Black
11 12 .50 5% FS Buff Buff Black
12 30 1.10 5% MS Orange Buff None
13 22 1.00 5% MS Orange Red None
14 16 .80 5% MS DK. Brown Red None
15 22 2.60 5% FS Red Lt. Red None
16 18 1.30 5% FS Lt. Orange White None
17 14 1.00 5% MS Gray Gray None
18 6 .50 5% MS Buff Buff None
19 14 .90 5% FS Red Br. Gray Black
20 - .60 5% FS Buff Buff Black
22 - .50 5% FS Red Red Black
25 - .80 5% MS Buff Buff Black
26 - 1.30 5% FS Orange Red Black
114 [104]
/1
7
10
116 [106
16
17
18
1C)
2 5 26
S1 09] 119o
(11)
Ceramics from Site 5825/3379 (121) Tappeh Gask

1 30 .90 5% FS & ST Burnet Br. Buff None
2 28 1.20 10% MS Red Buff None
3 24 1.20 5% FS Reddish Gray Buff None
4 22 1.60 10% MS Orange Green None
5 22 1.00 5% FS Orange Brown None
6 22 1.20 5% FS V. Lt. Br. Orange-Buff None
7 22 .70 5% FS V. Lt. Br. V. Lt. Br. None
8 20 1.00 5% FS Orange Buff None
9 20 .90 5% FS Orange Lt. Orange None
10 18 .80 5% FS Brown Lt. Brown None
11 16 .80 5% FS Orange Lt. Brown None
12 12 .70 5% FS V. Lt. Orange Buff None
13 12 .90 5% FS Orange Green None
15 28 1.40 5% FS Gray Gray None
16 24 1.20 5% FS Orange Orange None
17 24 1.20 5% FS & ST Lt. Gray Buff None
18 22 1.20 Tr. ST Orange Buff None
19 20 .60 5% FS Buff Greenish Br. None
20 20 1.00 5% FS Lt. Br. Burnet Br. None
21 18 .60 5% FS Orange Orange None
22 16 .70 5% FS Lt. Orange Orange None
23 16 .70 5% FS Red Red Black
24 14 .80 5% FS Burnet Br. Brown None
25 14 .60 5% FS Lt. Br. Brown Black
26 12 .40 5% FS Orange Brown None
28 14 .60 5% FS Orange Greenish Buff None
29 8 .80 5% FS Lt. Br. Reddish Buff None
30 8 .70 5% FS Lt. Br. Buff Black
31 - .60 5% FS Lt. Br. Buff Black
32 - .90 5% MS Gray Buff Black
33 - .70 5% FS Orange Buff Black
34 - .80 5% FS Orange-Gray Red Black
35 - .70 5% FS Orange Brown Black
36 - .60 5% FS Lt. Br. Red Black
37 - .60 5% FS Lt. Br. Red Black
120 [110]
/1
__ 2
7
_8
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
I/ 19
20
21
22
\ 23
24
124 [114]
25
26
27
28
29
30
33
34
35
37
(12)
Ceramics from Site 5850/3035 (122) Tall-e 'Alimirza'i

1 22 1.00 5% FS Orange Red None
4 12 1.00 5% MS Brown Buff? None
5 10 .50 5% FS Lt. Br. Orange? None
6 10 .30 5% FS DK. Buff DK. Buff? None
7 16 .60 10% FS DK. Brown Brown? None
8 14 1.00 5% FS Gray Orange None
9 12 .70 5% FS Orange Buff-Orange None
10 12 .60 5% ES Orange Orange None
11 14 .60 5% ES Orange Orange None
12 12 .90 5% FS Orange Red Black
13 12 .90 5% FS DK. Gray Gray None
14 8 .70 5% MS Lt. Br. Brown None
16 - .70 5% FS V. Lt. Br. Red Black
17 - .70 Tr. ES Orange Red Black
18 - 1.40 10% MS Brown Buff Lt. Red
19 - 1.00 5% FS V. Lt. Br. Red Black
20 - o5 5% FS Orange Buff Black
/1
8
10
F 11
128 [118]
13
14
15 R416
17 1
20

Istituto Italiano Per L'Africa E L'Oriente (Isiao) East and West

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Istituto Italiano Per L'Africa E L'Oriente (Isiao) East and West

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Prehistoric Settlements in the Bardsir Plain, South-Eastern Iran

Author(s): S. Mansur S. Sajjadi

Fig. 1 - Sketch map of Iran showing areas surveyed in 1976-77.

Earlier Fieldwork in Kerman and Bardsir

Fig. 2 - Main protohistoric sites in South-Eastern Iran (from Tosi 1976).

This statement exhibits a remarkable degree of divination in regard to two areas

Note on the Survey Technique

In our fieldwork we have implemented several methods known to us in

1. Mound: a) Elevation produced by the artificial sedimentation of cultural

Notes on Bardsir's Geography

Site 001 GN 6050/2961: Bahramjerd

Site 002 GN 5975/2975: Ghobeira NW

Fig. 7 - Bardsir plain: site 002, Ghobeira north-west.

Site 005 GN 6052/ 2958: Unnamed

Site 015 GN 5863/3028: Qaleh-Darko

Fig. 10 - Bardsir plin:n site

Site 021 GN 5870/3022: Unnamed

Site 062 GN 6066/2979: Unnamed

Site 094 GN 5970/2983: Unnamed

Site 097 GN 6108/2996: Unnamed

Site 106 GN 5902/2753: Unnamed

Site 121 GN 5825/3379: Gask

Site 122 GN 5850/3035: Tall-e A/i Mirzai

Brief Observations on the Settlement History

A. Unidentified ?J. Iblis VII 7.0 ha.

Map 1 - Archaeological sites related to occupational phases B, D-F (Late*

ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY IN THE

Map 1 - Archaeological sites related to occupational phases B, D-F (Late*

This content downloaded from 128.205.114.91 on Tue, 27 Nov 2018293:4

anh -Sah/ 111

Ir"" clc%ation in mecter a.s.

ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY IN THE

Map. 2 - Archaeological sites related to occupational phases G-H (Iblis 4-5).

I-L (Iblis 6-7,

ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY IN THE

llIII0 I1 I2 3I 4I5 I6 7I 8III

Map. 3 - Archaeological sites related to occupational phases I-L (Iblis 6-7,i

SOUTH-EASTERN BARDSIR PLAIN

ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY IN THE

Map. 4 - Archaeological sites related to occupational phases M-N (Partho-Sasanian

ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY IN THE

,'\ cleoation in nicter .

Map. 5 - Archaeological sites related to occupational phases O-R (Middle to Late*

LALE- ZAR IIj

11Ill1ll cultivated area

sooo 4soo a030 0 20 so oo 1ooc soot o d oo00 so

Fig. 15 - Time-space relation of number of sites and

Bardsir Survey for Ancient Settlements

Prehistoric Sites Inventory

G. Iblis: 4: xxx Q; Blue-and-White:

D. Iblis 1: I. Iblis 6:. 4. Glazed Wares 0. Samanid types: XXXX

SITE DATA CARD

Excavations or Disturbance on Site: Bkithi.h expedition, eAoded by wate'

MODERN CULTURAL FEATURES: Nearest Community: Dowtfatabad Distance: 4 km.

Tall-e Iblis Sequence F. Iblis 3:

Route of Access: QAt Acoad 6Aom Deh-Tazian to the Ate

NATURAL FEATURES: Sorrounding Soil: SM1,1967: 5-2a

Ancient Structures on Site: WaMt, Medioa mit

Recorded by: S.M.Seajdi Date: 17/7/76

Pottery Evidence: A. Unidentified:

Modern Structures on the Site: none

Surrounding Vegetation: CUN:12

Site Name: Qobeta NW