Teoría Electromagnética y Ondas

Step 1 - to make the course recognition

Presentado Por:

Pablo Cesar Forero Salguero

Tutor:

Doria Lizeth Quintero

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL ABIERTA Y A DISTANCIA - UNAD

ESCUELA DE CIENCIAS BÁSICAS TECNOLOGÍA E INGENIERÍA
AGOSTO / 2018
CIUDAD BOGOTA
 Introduction

The purpose of this paper is to know basic concepts of waves and

electromagnetism, to approach the study material and to develop previous
knowledge.
1. Define the following concepts:

- Electromagnetic wave.
- Propagation speed.
- Wavelength.
- Reflection and refraction.
- Electric permittivity and magnetic permeability.

 Electromagnetic wave: Electromagnetic waves or EM waves are waves that

are created as a result of vibrations between an electric field and a magnetic
field. In other words, EM waves are composed of oscillating magnetic and
electric fields.

 Propagation speed: Propagation speed is the speed at which a sound wave

travels through a medium. ... It is the medium or properties of the medium
that determine the speed of sound travel. For soft tissue these properties are
density and stiffness. Propagation speed in soft tissue is determined by the
medium!

 Wavelength: A wavelength is a measure of distance between two identical

peaks (high points) or troughs (low points) in a wave -- a repeating pattern of
traveling energy like light or sound.

 Reflection and refraction: the difference between reflection and refraction

is that in reflection waves bounce off of a surface while in refraction those
waves do not bounce back but pass through the surface, which bends them
and changes the speed of the waves. The image of a face is reflected back
from a pool of water, but the light on the bottom of the pool of water is
refracted because it is uneven and hazy due to the way the water bends the
light waves.

 Electric permittivity and magnetic permeability: One of the major

difference between the permittivity and the permeability is that the permittivity
measures the obstruction generates by the material in the formation of an
electric field. Whereas, the permeability measures the ability of the material
to allow the magnetic lines of force to pass through it. The other differences
between the permittivity and permeability are explained below in the
comparison chart.
2. Explain the importance to consider the “Skin Deep” (depth of penetration) in
medical treatments.

R:// The depth at which the electromagnetic waves penetrate the skin depends on
the frequency, the lower frequency signals pass through the skin as if it were
transparent, so there is no energy to dissipate and the effects of radiation are low .
More often, the evaluation begins to be absorbed by the tissues.
The dissipation of the energy that contributes to the elevation of the temperature is
local or general, depending on the local irradiation.
An example of the use of electromagnetic waves in medical treatment is laser
therapy. Lasers can be used to reduce tumors or precancerous growths. Lasers are
generally used to treat superficial cancers

3. Make a graph that explains at least three modes of “terrestrial propagation

of electromagnetic waves”, including a brief explanation of them.

Space waves
Celestial or Ionospheric Waves

Surface propagation

4. Can the human tissue change its conductivity because a disease? Explain.

R:// Yes, because the tissues of the human body present, in general, low thermal
conductivity; they behave like thermal insulators. The thermal properties of tissues
depend to a large extent, in its relative content in lipids, proteins and water. It can
be shown that the thermal conductivity varies according to the water content of the
fabric.

5. Using the “electromagnetic spectrum”, select a frequency used in medical

treatment and explain how it is used and select a frequency used in wireless
transmission and explain its application.
Gamma rays: variety of frequencies greater than 1 · 1019Hz. It originates in the
processes of stabilization in the nucleus of the atom after radioactive emissions. Its
radiation is very dangerous for living beings.

Bibliography

 https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/definition/electromagnetic-waves //
Definition of 'Electromagnetic Waves'

 https://sonoexams.com/physics/propagation_of_sound/speed.htm //
Propagation Speed

 https://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/wavelength // wavelength

 http://medicinafusm01.blogspot.com/2011/03/uso-de-ondas-
enmedicina.html