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Learning Outcomes:
Upon completion of the presentation, student can:
• Solve the Laplace and the inverse Laplace transform of time functions.
• Solve a differential equation sing Laplace transform.
Pierre-Simon Laplace
• Developed mathematics in astronomy,
physics, and statistics
• Began work in calculus which led to the
Laplace Transform
• One of the first scientists to suggest the
existence of black holes
Definition: Laplace Transform
• The Laplace transform is a linear operator that switched a function f(t) to F(s).
ℒ𝑓 𝑡 𝐹 𝑠 𝑓 𝑡 𝑒 𝑑𝑡𝑢 𝑡
1 j
where L1 F ( s )
2j j
F ( s )e st ds f (t )u (t )
u (t ) 1 t0
u (t ) 0 t0
Example 3.3: Partial Fraction Expansion
Case 1 Roots of the Denominator of F(s) are Real and Distinct
Problem 1 Find the inverse Laplace transform of
2
F (s)
( s 1)( s 2)
Case 2 Roots of the Denominator of F(s) are Real and Repeated
Problem 2 Find the inverse Laplace transform of
2
F (s)
( s 1)( s 2)2
Case 3 Roots of the Denominator of F(s) are Complex or Imaginary
Problem 3 Find the inverse Laplace transform of
2
F (s)
s ( s 2 2 s 5)
Example 3.4:
• Find the inverse Laplace transform of the ff:
3 5 6
F ( s) 2
s s 1 s 4
100(s 3)
F ( s)
(s 6)(s 2 6s 25)
Laplace Transform for ODEs
• Find the Laplace transform of the following differential equations:
a) 7𝑥 5 cos 2𝑡
b) 6 8𝑥 10
c) 2 4 6 7𝑥 sin 3𝑡
where y(0) = 1 and y’(0) = -1
Solution of Differential Equations
• Solve the following differential equations given the initial conditions
a) 2 2𝑥 5𝑡𝑢 𝑡
x(0) = 1; x’(0) = 0
b) 4𝑥 𝑡
initial conditions = 0
Assignment #1
• Solve the following differential equations using Laplace. Assume zero initial
conditions.
1. 7𝑥 5 cos 2𝑡
2. 6 8𝑥 5 sin 3𝑡
3. 8 25𝑥 10 𝑢 𝑡
• Solve the DE using Laplace with the given initial conditions.
1. 2 2𝑥 sin 2𝑡
𝑥 0 2; 𝑥 0 3
13