1. Shorten assignments, tests 2. Oral administration of tests, taped tests 3. Provide highlighted texts, tests 4. Use visual cues to accompany oral directions X Will model task while giving directions 5. Provide advanced organizers 6. Extend time for completion of assignments, X If a student has been working the projects whole given time and is still not finished, they can get extra time 7. Provide study sheets X Only for weekly vocabulary tests 8. Use assignment notebooks and prompts 9. Provide repeated reviews and drills—vary X Goes over material many times, teaching strategies mostly just with worksheets though 10. Teach in small cooperative groups 11. Reduce paper/pencil tasks 12. Provide manipulatives X Only for math sometimes 13. Seat in close proximity to teacher X Yes, all IEP and the ELL student 14. Encourage student to underline key words or X Whole class in all readings facts 15. Use language experience activities 16. Allow students to express key concepts in X their own words 17. Provide time and place for assistance with school projects 18. Directly teach vocabulary used on tests X Comprehensive vocabulary lists 19. Audiotape lectures 20. Peer tutoring X High-level students will help ELL and IEP students with tasks that require a lot of reading 21. Shorten length of oral tasks X Given shorter paragraphs to read aloud to the class 22. Provide clarification in primary language 23. Allow translations by peers for clarification 24. Monitor for individual student X comprehension 25. Simplify language and adjust rate of speech X For all children—not really when needed specified to ELL 26. Frequently monitor for comprehension X “ “ 27. Other recommended interventions… 1) What techniques/methods/strategies do you see being used with the ELL/LEP student(s)? Are they effective? Why or why not? (Either specifically for the ELL student(s) or in whole class/small group instruction) - The only technique that I saw being used specifically with the ELL student was that the teacher would check in with her quickly after the direct instruction period and ask if she understood everything. This seemed to be effective because the students is close to being exited from the program and does not seem to need much support any more to keep up with the class. - The teacher uses many of the modifications that would be effective for ELLs for the whole class. It appears mostly to be used on the behalf of striving students to give them more chances to learn the material and modified ways to demonstrate their knowledge. 2) Do you notice any student behaviors that you would consider “out of the ordinary”? Please describe in detail. (This applies to both the ELL student(s) and other classroom students) - I don’t notice any out of the ordinary behavior for the ELL student. There is one student who cannot attend to a single task. She is far below proficient in almost every area because of that. She is currently being tested for special education. I don’t know if the inattention is caused by not understanding or vice-versa. 3) What type of interactions do you see between the ELL student(s), other classroom students, and the teacher(s)? Please describe in detail. - The interactions between VG and her classmates seem pretty ordinary. She gets along well with others and talks and plays with them. Every once in a while, she makes a grammar mistake (similar to her peers). Usually, children either don’t notice or just don’t comment on these errors. 4) Identify resources/materials that are being used with the ELL student(s). Please describe in detail how the ELL student is using them. Do they appear to be effective? Explain. - VG gets pulled out about twice a week for ELL support. They use Reading Street Workbooks specifically created to support ELL students. They seem to be very effective, especially for children with lower English proficiency, but VG is advanced and the work seemes to be too easy for her. 5) Does the classroom environment seem to be comfortable for the ELL student(s)? Please describe the environment and explain how you made your decision. - The classroom environment does not seem too comfortable for an ELL student in general. When students whose first language is English make a grammar mistake in their speech, the teacher reacts harshly and corrects it aggressively rather than just repeating the phrase with correct grammar. It seems fine for Student V since she is at such a high level, but many children seem afraid to make a mistake. 6) What’s the “comfort” level of the ELL student(s) in regard to the English language? What observations help you arrive at your decision? Refer to the Vocabulary Performance Indicators. At what level would you place the ELL student? How did you decide on that level? - VG is very comfortable with English. She is in the fifth and final stage of second language acquisition: advanced fluency. In this stage, the child is fluent in both BICs and CALP and may be exited from ESL programs. They may still need support especially in Social Studies. I think VG is on this level because she does not need or receive much support anymore and she is thriving in school. It is clear from her responses that she has deep comprehension of what she reads in every subject area. 7) If you feel comfortable enough to ask, ask the cooperating teacher (or ESL teacher) what type of accommodations/modifications they have to make for the ELL student(s). Please describe the types of accommodations/modifications that were discussed. Do they appear on the checklist? Why/why not do you think they are present/not present on the checklist? - The teacher has to seat VG and three IEP students in the front. The three IEP students are in the front row and VG is a little farther back. She seems to work well in this location. The teacher also has to have her tests read aloud to her if she asks. The student is able to read proficiently and is close to being exited from ESL, so she doesn’t ask for tests to be read.