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of a Filipino adjective (kaantasan ng pang-uri). The three degrees of comparison of Filipino adjectives are
lantay (positive degree), pahambing (comparative degree), and pasukdol (superlative degree).
The Filipino adjectives that are lantay denote a characteristic or property of a noun or pronoun.
Examples of these adjectives are maganda, maliit, puro, mahaba, dilaw, luma, etc. For some adjectives, if
the noun is plural, the first syllable of the root word is repeated (magaganda, maliliit, mahahaba, etc.).
The Filipino adjectives that are pahambing indicate that the noun or pronoun possesses the
characteristic or property in a greater degree than another noun or pronoun. Two objects or persons are
being compared here. The degree of comparison pahambing is classified into two types: paghahambing
na patulad and paghahambing na di-patulad.
Paghahambing na patulad
In paghahambing na patulad, the two objects (or persons) being compared possess the property in the
same degree. One is neither better nor worse than the other. In paghahambing na patulad, the following
prefixes (unlapi) are used:
magka-
magsing- / magsin- (for root words that begin with d, l, r, s, or t) / magsim- (for root words that begin
with b or p)
magkasing- / magkasin- (for root words that begin with d, l, r, s, or t) / magkasim- (for root words that
begin with b or p)
kasing- / kasin- (for root words that begin with d, l, r, s, or t) / kasim- (for root words that begin with b or
p)
sing- / sin- (for root words that begin with d, l, r, s, or t) / sim- (for root words that begin with b or p)
ga- : This unlapi is used to indicate that an object has the same size as the word attached to the prefix
ga-. Examples are gabutil (as small as a grain or kernel) and gabundok (as big as a mountain).
Paghahambing na di-patulad
In paghahambing na di-patulad, one of the objects or persons being compared possesses more or less of
the quality or property. One is better or worse than the other.
When the noun or pronoun (usually the subject of the sentence) being described by the pang-uri
possesses MORE of a quality, the comparison is described to be palamang or pahambing na palamang.
The words used with Filipino adjectives to indicate pahambing na palamang are the following:
higit na…kaysa
lalo/lalong…kaysa
mas…kaysa
di-hamak na…kaysa
lubha/lubhang…kaysa
When the noun or pronoun (usually the subject of the sentence) being described by the pang-uri
possesses LESS of a quality, the comparison is described to be pasahol or pahambing na pasahol. The
words used with Filipino adjectives to indicate pahambing na palamang are the following:
5. Using the following words before the pang-uri: ubod nang, saksakan nang, sukdulan nang, tunay na,
talagang, hari ng, etc.