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Understanding Stanford-Binet Test Scores

by StanfordBinet | Feb 8, 2018 | Binet Talks |

The Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale is a descendant of the Binet-Simon Scale, the rst accepted IQ test in 1905. In 1916, this new
version of this intelligence scale was developed to better measure cognitive and intellectual ability while also helping educators and
clinicians diagnose learning disabilities, giftedness, and mental retardation. The Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale looks at several levels
of cognitive ability in children, adolescents, and adults. The test incorporates both verbal and nonverbal responses. Each verbal subtest
will have a corresponding nonverbal subtest for the ve cognitive factors that are used to determine a person’s ability to learn. Those
being:

Fluid reasoning
Knowledge
Quantitative reasoning
Visual-spatial processing
Working memory

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The intelligence quotient scores, or IQ scores, are interpreted by a highly trained examiner with experience in test assessment and
psychology, typically a practicing psychologist. The IQ scores that are derived from the ve factors provide a measure of the person’s
intelligence and cognitive ability. The current version of the test is the Stanford-Binet 5, and is one of the two most commonly used
intelligence tests along with the Wechsler tests (WPPSI, WISC, and WAIS).

What Does My Stanford-Binet Score Mean?

The SB5 can be scored by hand by an administrator, or it can be scored through an online reporting system. The scoring scales are
derived from the 10 subtests (5 verbal and 5 nonverbal) with each test having a mean score of 10 with a range of 1-19 and a standard
deviation of 3. These subtests are combined for a variety of di erent composite scores to measure speci c types of intelligence. For
example, each cognitive factor has an index score. This means that for an individual factor like uid intelligence, the verbal and non-
verbal subtests are combined for an index score for the person’s uid intelligence. Likewise, the ve non-verbal subtests are combined
to create a domain score for non-verbal intelligence, and the same is done for verbal intelligence. The Full Scale IQ is the combination of
all of the subtest scores, and this score is what people are referring to when they discuss an IQ score. For high IQ societies like Mensa,
the Full Scale IQ score can be used to gain admittance if your score meets their requirements.

All test takers, from children to adults, will have their raw scores converted to a SAS score or Standard Age Score based on their present
age. Results are based on representative scores for that age with an average score of 100 and a standard deviation of 16. Once a score
is determined, the corresponding IQ range is used to determine how the person falls on the scale of intelligence compared to other
people of the same age. The standard range for IQs can be seen below:

Low average: 80-89
Average: 90-109
High average: 110-119
High achiever: 120-129
Moderately gifted: 130-144
Highly gifted: 145-160+

As you can see, anything above 109 is considered above average intelligence, whereas anything below 90 is seen as below average. The
maximum score range is 145-160+ for the very gifted and advanced, with 40-54 as the lowest score range for those who may be
moderately impaired or delayed.

It’s also important to note that the scores are not static, and if a child or young adult take the test a second time, they may have a score
that re ects a di erent range. Test results have shown that intelligence isn’t simply static, as IQ can be improved over time. So if a child
or an adult has increased their knowledge or other cognitive abilities they may be able to substantially increase their IQ.

Many schools also use the results of tests like the Stanford-Binet as an entrance requirement to certain exclusive schools, so there can
be real life consequences for children who take this test with the goal of entering one of these programs. With that in mind, it’s
important to have your child prepared to take an IQ test. While testing professionals are not in favor of speci cally preparing a young
child to take a test (as it can skew results), there are some things you can do to position a child to have a greater chance of success.
Learn more about how a person can improve their IQ.

Practicing for the Stanford-Binet Test

Prior to taking the test, there are some areas that can be studied for in order to improve overall scores. While it can be di cult to nd
speci c topics to study for, an individual can work on puzzles, practice calculations, and review general knowledge items in science or
other subjects to increase the likelihood of a higher intelligence score on the test.

The test has ve major subsections of cognitive abilities that are measured: uid reasoning, knowledge, quantitative reasoning, visual-
spatial processing, and working memory. These cognitive abilities underlie the core of the test and what is actually being measured. The
test itself is comprised of four tests that are scored individually and then are used to create a composite score, which is called the
Standard Age Score which correlates to the person’s mental age. The four tests are Short-Term Memory, Quantitative Reasoning, Verbal
Reasoning, and Abstract/Visual Reasoning. The tests can be administered to children as young as two, and the examiner will adjust the
test based on the ability and age of the child who is taking the test.

For more tips on how to improve your score on the Stanford-Binet check out our post on “How to prepare for the Stanford-Binet test”,
which includes helpful tips for children and adults.

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Stanford-Binet Test Format

The actual experience of taking the test will vary based on the age of the person taking it. A multitude of questions will be answered,
such as verbal analogies and absurdities. Memory is tested, as well as procedural knowledge and vocabulary. The test will begin with
easier questions and gradually progress to more di cult questions. The test is written to accommodate di erent age and ability levels,
which is particularly important for children who may have never experienced this sort of testing before, and reduces the likelihood they
become frustrated. The way the test is administered will allow the child to be challenged but not so much that he gives up or presented
with problems that they cannot answer.
Stanford-Binet Test Validity and Uses
Overall, the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale is seen as a reliable IQ test. The SB5 has been proven to have high statistical reliability, with
the Full Scale IQ, Noverbal IQ and Verbal IQ scores all having reliabilities of .95 or greater. If you’re not a statistician, just know that this is
the sign of highly reliable results for a standardized test.

The Stanford-Binet Test also many practical uses. It can be used to aid in developing programs for both children with special needs and
those who are deemed gifted, as well as multiple uses in assessment areas such as clinical or career assessment. As the test has
developed since the early 1900s, it has incorporated additional measures of intelligence to present a product with a much more well-
rounded view of what measures intelligence. While IQ scores are only one way to measure a person’s ability, they can be a valuable tool
in certain cases.

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