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The Level of Perception of the University of the Immaculate Conception

Junior High School Teachers on Death Penalty

A Research Paper

Presented to

The High School Department

Bajada, Davao City

By

Dacudao, Ivan Mikhel D.

Decena, Seth Ivan G.

Dimalanta, Sean Allen Edward B.

Montegrande, Elgenie John P.

Reyes, Paul Dominique T.

March, 2018
The Level of Perception of the University of the Immaculate Conception

Junior High School Teachers on Death Penalty

__________________________________

A Research paper

Presented to

The Faculty of the High School Department

Bajada, Davao City

__________________________________

In Partial Fulfillment

of the Requirements for the 4th Grading

Performance Task in Math, English. Computer and Araling Panlipunan

__________________________________

Dacudao, Ivan Mikhel D.

Decena, Seth Ivan G.

Dimalanta, Sean Allen Edward B.

Montegrande, Elgenie John P.

Reyes, Paul Dominique T.

March, 2018
Approval Sheet

This thesis entitled “The Level of Perception of the University of the


Immaculate Conception Junior High School Teachers on Death Penalty”
prepared and submitted by Sean Dimalanta, Ivan Dacudao, Paul Reyes, Seth
Decena, Elgenie Montegrande in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
completion of Junior High School Clustered Performance Task has been
examined and is recommended for acceptance and approval.

DR. NORA JOVINA ALBORES


Adviser

PANEL OF EXAMINERS

Approved by the Committee with a grade of PASSED.

RONALD ALLAN C. ZETA, M.A.


Chairperson

CHARLENE YUZON LPT RHENAN G TAMPUS, ECE


Member Member

DR. NORA JOVINA ALBORES


Member

Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment for the completion of Junior


High School Clustered Performance Task.

SR. MERLITA SABATE, RVM


IBED Principal
Acknowledgement

The researchers would like to express their sincerest gratitude to the people who

contributed and gave their support to finish this study. Specifically:

First, the researchers would really like to thank the Almighty God for giving

them enough strength and patience to finish the study successfully.

Second, to the parents who gave their full support to be able to pursue the

study all throughout and for giving their trust and encouragement to the

researchers.

Third, to the teachers who guided and helped the researchers in

developing a comprehensive thesis and also for sharing their knowledge about

the study.

Fourth, to the fellow researchers who also helped them in terms of giving

them the information needed to pursue the study.

Lastly, to the respondents of this study who answered the questionnaires

truthfully and whole-heartedly which really helped the researchers speed up the

process of gathering the needed data.


Abstract

The study is all about the level of perception of the teachers about death

penalty. The researchers chose this certain study because death penalty is

present now more than ever and the researchers would like to determine the

level perception of the University of the Immaculate Conception Junior High

School teachers on death penalty and whether they have a significant difference

in terms of Inhuman acts, unjust executions, and unfair judgments. The

researchers conducted a survey that would let them know if their study would

have a significant difference among the respondents when analyzed according to

gender. After the survey the researchers tabulated the data and interpreted.

Upon analyzing the data, the researchers stated on the first table that out of 26

University of the Immaculate Conception Junior High School teachers there are 5

men with a percentage of 18.52% and 21 women with a percentage of 81.48%.

On the second table which was inhuman acts, the researchers stated that most

of the teachers answered high and very high, because the average score of the

teachers is 3.68%. On the third table which was unjust executions, the

researchers have stated that most of the teachers answered high and very high

on the first 4 questions but answered poor on the last two questions which

resulted to an average score of 2.97% which is high. On the last table which was

unfair judgments, the researchers stated that most of the answers of the teachers

were all high or very high which resulted to an average score of 3.65%. In

tabulating the data, the researchers used SPSS to determine that there was a
significant difference between the level of perception of the University of the

Immaculate Conception Junior High School teachers.


Table of Contents

Page

Title Page

Approval Sheet

Acknowledgement

Abstract

Table of Contents

List of Tables

Chapter

1 The Problem and Its Scope

Introduction

Statement of the Problem

Hypothesis

Theoretical Framework

Conceptual Framework

Scope and Limitation

Significance of the Study

Definition of Terms

2 Review of Related Literature

3 Method

Research Design

Research Environment
Respondents of the Study

Data Gathering Procedure

Data Analysis

4 Results and Discussion

5 Conclusions and Recommendations

Summary of Findings

Conclusions

Recommendation

References

Appendices

A Letter of Permission

B Questionnaire

C SPSS Results

D Tabulation Results

Curriculum Vitae
List of Tables

Table Title Page

1 Distribution of Subjects to the Study

2 Profile of Teachers in Terms of their Gender

3 Level of Perception in terms of Inhuman Acts

4 Level of Perception in terms of Unjust Executions

5 Level of Perception in terms of Unfair Judgements

6 Difference in the level of perception


CHAPTER 1

Problem and its Setting

Introduction

Execution of criminals has been used by nearly all societies. Until the nineteenth

century without developed prison systems, there was frequently no workable

alternative to insure deterrence and incapacitation of criminals. The execution

itself was often involving torture with cruel methods such as the breaking wheel.

In most countries that practice capital punishment it is now reserved for murder,

terrorism, war crimes, espionage, treason, or as part of military justice. In some

countries sexual crimes, such as rape, adultery, incest, and sodomy, carry the

Death Penalty as do religious crimes such as Hudud crimes, apostasy in Islamic

nations, the formal renunciation of the state religion, blasphemy, and witchcraft.

In many countries that use the death penalty, drug trafficking is also a capital

offense. In China, human trafficking and serious cases of corruption are punished

by the Death Penalty. In militaries around the world courts-martial have imposed

death sentences for offenses such as cowardice, desertion, insubordination, and

mutiny.

In retentionist countries, the debate is sometimes revived when a miscarriage of

justice has occurred though this tends to cause legislative efforts to improve the

judicial process rather than to abolish the death penalty. In abolitionist countries,
the debate is sometimes revived by particularly brutal murders though few

countries have brought it back after abolishing it. However, a spike in serious,

violent crimes, such as murders or terrorist attacks, has prompted some

countries to effectivelyend the moratorium on Death Penalty. One notable

example is Pakistan who lifted in December 2014 a six-year moratorium on

executions after the Peshawar school massacre during which 132 students and 9

members of staff of the Army Public School and Degree College Peshawar were

killed by Taliban terrorists. Since then, Pakistan has executed over 400 convicts.

In 2017 two major countries, Turkey and the Philippines have their executives

making moves to reinstate the Death Penalty. According to some citizens of

Davao City, Death Penalty is to be done to those people who committed heinous

crimes like rape and homicide to serve as a lesson to the suspects, an eye for an

eye matter. In Cebu City, Rep. Raul del Mar, remains adamant about his

opposition of reimposing the Death Penalty. He also said that there is no

evidence that Death Penalty is more effective than Life Imprisonment, though

many people disagree with him. Some also say that Death Penalty should not be

tolerated because it violates the right of a human to live and they should be more

focused about the situation of the victim. Victims have rights also because they

are human, they should be getting the victims the justice that they deserve and

have. Pity to the poor because they are the ones who are experiencing death or

consequences more often because doing heinous crimes for the sake of living.

While the rich can run away because of their wealth, Death Penalty should be go

through due processes of law until proved guilty or innocent.


Statement of the Problem

The study aims to determine the level of perception of the Junior High

SchoolTeachers of the University of the Immaculate Conception on Death

Penalty.

In specific, the study aims to answer the following questions:

1. What is the demographic profile of the University of the Immaculate

Conception Junior High school teachers on death penalty in terms of:

1.1 Gender?

2. What is the perception of the University of the Immaculate Conception Junior

High School teachers in regards with:

2.1. Inhuman Acts?

2.2. Unjust Executions?

2.3. Unfair Judgements?

3. Is there a significant difference between the level of perception of the High

School Teachers of the University of the Immaculate Conception on Death

Penalty when analyzed according to gender?


Hypothesis

The null hypothesis was tested at 0.05 level of significance:

Ho: There is no significantdifferencebetween the level of perception of the

Junior High School Teachers on the perception on Death Penalty when analyzed

to gender.
Theoretical Framework

According to Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill, implementers of Utilitarian

Theory, the death penalty is not meant to provide justice by taking “an eye for an

eye”. Although this form of punishment is not supposed to be retributive by

nature, however, it is meant to deter many criminals from committing murder.

The severity of a punishment is intended to cause fear to prevent crime. Capital

punishment is also preferable to imprisonment for this worst kind of crime

because it prevents the criminal from being released from prison and committing

murder again. From this perspective, the taking of one’s life is justified if it

prevents the taking of otherinnocent lives. If judged that the consequence of

permitting the criminal to live may result in more murder, then the death penalty

would be considered an appropriate punishment in that particular case. The

convicts are the proponents of this theory, if they did such a heinous crime, there

is a certain consequence that will match to the crime that the convict committed.
Conceptual Framework

IV DV
1. Inhuman Acts 1. The level of perception
of the University of the
2. Unfair Judgments
Immaculate
3. Unjust Executions Conception Junior
High School Teachers
on Death Penalty
Scope and Limitations of the Study

This study that the researchers compiled will cover on the history of Death

Penalty and how important it is on our society. It will also focus on how Death

Penalty affects our environment. Death Penalty was implemented a long time

ago in order to lessen the crimes happening worldwide. Its main purpose is to

punish those people who violates the laws and has done many grave offenses. In

this certain topic, we will be able to learn the reasons why people are supporting

Death Penalty and also know why are there people who oppose to this

punishment. We will limit our study to the University of the Immaculate

Conception High School teachers only. In this study, the researchers will be able

to gather the data needed in order to determine the perception of the teachers

regarding Death Penalty.The study of the researchers would be only conducted

in the population of the University of the Immaculate Conception in Davao City,

specifically the members of the Junior High School Department's Faculty

members. The study would be conducted for a certain period of time until March

of 2018. Death Penalty violates the rights of a human person specifically the right

to live. Death penalty also can result to punishing people who are innocent and it

is also not humane and can't be redone. People may agree with death penalty

some may not agree because it violates human rights. Death penalty costs a lot

of money because it goes through a lot of due processes of law and conducts

investigation that will prove if the convict is guilty or not. According to a former

executioner, killing a human can cause depression out of guilt. Some of these

people commit suicide because they are being swallowed by their conscience or
others have to suffer for the rest of their lives because of ending a human

person’s life. One of the weaknesses of this study is that it is only limited to the

University of the Immaculate Conception Junior High School teachers which

hinders the researchers to gather more information outside the campus. Lack of

time is also considered as a major weakness of the researchers. In order to

make the study successful, the researchers also needs to find many sources of

information.
Significance of the Study

Death Penalty is an important tool for preserving law and order, deters crime,

and costs less than life imprisonment. They argue that retribution or “an eye for

an eye” honors the victim, helps console grieving families, and ensures that the

perpetrators of deadly crimes never have an opportunity to cause future tragedy.

Opponents of Capital Punishment say that it has no deterrent effect on crime,

wrongly gives governments the power to take human life, and perpetuates social

injustices by disproportionately targeting people of color or racist and people who

cannot afford attorneys or which they call classist. They say lifetime in jail

sentences are a more severe and less expensive punishment than death.

Supporters of capital punishment or Death Penalty, it is significant because this

particular law can be able to discipline criminals and may prevent them from

doing such crimes. The researchers' study would benefit people who are

convicted but they aren't the ones who committed such a crime. The study would

be beneficial because it would help people that are criticized of the false

statement that is laid upon them. The study will help the convicted to go through

certain processes that will let the convict show proof that he or she is innocent.

This study benefits the government because through the opinion of the people

the government will be able to decide in how they go through with the crimes. It

also benefits the people because it makes them more aware of the happenings in

the society and it gives them more knowledge about Death Penalty.
Definition of Terms

Deterrence - an action which shows discouragement of another action through

doubt.

Hudud - punishments that are under the Islamic law which are only fixed by God.

Mutiny- a rebellion against authority.

Moratorium – a prohibition of an activity temporarily.

Espionage – the act of spying or the usage of spies.


CHAPTER 2

Review of Related Literature

This chapter presents the factors affecting the Junior High School

Teachers’ perception on Death Penalty. The following are the related studies that

will discuss on Death Penalty.

History of Death Penalty

As per Mamamayang Tutol sa Bitay Movement for Restorative Justice

(MTBMRJ), in 1521 Spanish Colonizers carried with them the discipline called

Death Penalty, otherwise called the death penalty. Consuming, beheading,

suffocating, excoriating, garrote, hanging, shooting, cutting, and others are the

cases of capital disciplines. There are 1,703 with 46 real executions amid 1840-

1857. Amid the season of American Colonizers, they hold back capital

punishment under the Codigo Penal of 1848. Treachery, parricide, theft,

hijacking, murder, assault, and burglary with crime were warrantied and

considered as capital offenses. The Sedition Law, Brigandage Law,

Reconcentration Act, and Flag Law were authorized as an endorse, the utilization

of power including passing. In any case, when the Japanese came, no

executions were recorded, just extrajudicial executions were generally worked on

amid this period. The Anti-Subversion Law required capital punishment to all the

comrade pioneers amid Post-World War II, however there were no executions

recorded to all the socialist pioneers who were caught amid the period. At the
point when Marcos turned into the President of the Philippines, discouragement

turned into the official legitimization for the inconvenience of capital punishment.

Subversion, ownership of guns, incendiarism, seizing, theft, and medication

related offenses, unlawful angling, and steers stirring were the capital offenses

amid his term. Capital punishment amid Marcos administration was forced to

control disobedience and social distress.

Plato’s Hypothesis

The idea of discipline, its definition, application and support in the previous

century is connected on the reorganizations coming about to nullifying of capital

disciplines in numerous social orders of the world; wrongdoers are handed

recipients of recovery over support of requital and detainment. On Plato's

hypothesis, execution benefits the criminal. Dissimilar to the restricting backers of

capital punishment, the death penalty is a deserting of the criminal's

reconstruction and recovery, Plato is noiseless on this part. Rather he drew a

relationship amongst bad form and psychological sickness that the reason for

discipline is to convey cure to the wrongdoer. In the event that a cure is

demonstrated unthinkable, the sufferer ought not keep on living like patients

tormented by a terminal ailment consequently it is better for them to bite the dust.

The discharged report of National Research Council of the National

Academies led on capital punishment discouragement examines in 2012

reasoned that there are three crucial imperfections with existing examinations, 1st
is that the investigations don't factor in the impacts of noncapital disciplines that

may likewise be forced, 2nd is using of deficient models of potential killers'

impression of and reactions to the death penalty and 3rd is the utilization of

factual models in the examination on the impact of the death penalty prompts

presumptions that are not trustworthy. (D. Nagin and J. Pepper, "Prevention and

the Death Penalty," Committee on Law and Justice at the National Research

Council, April 2012; Vergano, "NRC: Death punishment impact investigate 'in a

general sense defective," USA Today, April 18, 2012). The article of the Stanford

Law Review entitled "Uses and Abuses of Empirical Evidence in the Death

Penalty Debate writers John J. Donohue of Yale Law School and Justin Wolfers

of the University of Pennsylvania expressed their decisions: "Accumulating over

the greater part of our evaluations, it is totally vague considerably whether the

prevalence of proof recommends that capital punishment causes pretty much

murder." (58 Stanford Law Review 791 (2005).

Death Penalty in Britain

In Britain, the cancelation of capital discipline for kill proceeded to be

discussed for over a century (see, for instance, Bailey 2000) however was at long

last expelled from the statutes in 1965. It was as of now that Australia

surrendered the utilization of the passing punishment. Soon after, in 1968, the

US abstained from practicing this type of discipline, and in 1972, the US

Incomparable Court decided that capital discipline was illegal. A ban on the death

penalty taken after. At the point when after four years the same court changed its

position by choosing that a few executions were unavoidably satisfactory, it set


the arrange for States to choose whether to reintroduce executions. The ban

what's more, resulting reestablishment of the capital punishment in a few States

made the states of a 'characteristic test' on the impediment impacts of this type of

discipline. By 2000, 13 wards (counting the District of Columbia) had ruled

against reintroducing the demise punishment; 7 States had reintroduced the

capital punishment yet had not utilized it; a advance 24 States had utilized it

occasionally(not exactly once every year); and 7 States fairly more oftentimes,

extending from South Carolina where 25 individuals were executed post-ban, to

Texas with 239 executions (Snell 2001). As anyone might expect, the US has

progressed toward becoming the emphasis for look into on the hindrance

impacts of the death penalty

Execution of Cameron Willingham

Cameron Todd Willingham was executed in Texas in 2004 for killing his

three youthful little girls by setting his home on fire. Willingham's conviction

depended on broken criminological science which reasoned that the fire was

caused by incendiarism. Numerous fire science specialists assessed the case

and questioned Willingham's execution expressing there was no proof that the

fire was purposefully set. In 2010 the Texas Forensic Science Commission

discharged a report conceding that Willingham's conviction depended on

"defective science., One of the observers amid the trial, a detainee, who affirmed

that Willingham admitted to the murdering while in prison, later abjured.

Willingham's last words were: "Please certain my name. I didn't murder my kids."
Willingham's family is right now looking for an after death exonerate from the

territory of Texas.

Death of Carlos DeLuna

Carlos DeLuna was executed in Texas in 1989 for the wounding demise of

Wanda Lopez. DeLuna kept up his honesty all through his detainment and

demanded another person by the name of Carlos Hernandez was extremely the

executioner. In 2012, The Columbia Human Rights Law Audit distributed Los

Tocayos Carlos, a standout amongst the most thorough examinations of a

criminal case in U.S. history. In the 430-page report, Columbia Graduate school

Teacher James Liebman and his understudies uncover that DeLuna was, indeed,

guiltless. The report refers to that clashing onlooker proclamations, police

examination botches, and missing data prompted DeLuna being discovered

liable. In the interim, Carlos Hernandez, who the arraignment called an

"apparition" and declined to seek after, stayed allowed to perpetrate more

violations and wound other ladies.

Homeless Man Attacked

In 1989 Troy Anthony Davis and Sylvester Coles AKA." Redd" were at a

parking lot in Georgia, when Coles argued and attacked a homeless man named

Larry Young. an off-duty police officer in the name of Mark McPhail went to

Young's aid and he was killed by someone wielding a .38 caliber revolver. that

night and some witnesses said that Coles as the shooter. But he was never

treated as a suspect of the investigation. Davis on the other hans was convicted
of murder because of scant physical evidence and testimony of nine witnesses,

seven of whom later recanted admitting it was false

Gary Graham’s False Accusation

Gary Graham was sentenced to his death in 1981 at the age of 18 for the

murder of Bobby Lamber and robbery. His conviction was based solely on a

women who saw him 40 feet away. His lawyer failed to call 2 witnesses what said

that they saw sa killer that night and they said the it was not graham. also there

was no physical evidence linking to Graham to murder, and the gun he has in his

possession was not the weapon used on the murder.

Utilization of Capital Discipline

As Hood (2002) has brought up, the explore writing is solely concentrated

on the utilization of capital discipline for kill. The huge larger part of studies have

been directed in the United States of America, where capital punishment is

generally rehearsed (it couldn't be any more obvious, in any case, Avio 1979 and

Layson 1983 for Canadian investigations and Wolpin 1978 for a UK

contemplate). The United States gives positive conditions to observational

research on capital discipline for no less than two reasons: in the first place,

differential appropriation of capital discipline among States gives characteristic

varieties for cross-sectional examination (i.e., correlation over States); and

second, the ten-year ban (1968-1977) on executions set up a 'characteristic trial'

for looking at the viability of various discipline administrations.


Free of People in Death Row

As Von Drehle(2014). The Brought together States may execute more fair

people than previously thought. As demonstrated by a general new truthful

examination made open today, the rate of wrongful capital disciplines in the U.S.

is apparently impressively higher than masters have evaluated. Makers of the

examination say that their "direct check of the degree of mixed up sentiments" is

4.1 percent, or around twofold the number extremely pardoned and set free from

death row. This could infer that around 120 of the around 3,000 prisoners sitting

tight for the death penalty in America wont be subject, while additional scores of

wrongfully arraigned detainees are serving life in prison after their capital

punishments were decreased over particular legitimate bungles. "False emotions

are to an awesome degree difficult to recognize at some point later," law

instructors Samuel R. Gross of the School of Michigan and Barbara O'Brien of

Michigan State write in the Systems of the National Establishment of Sciences.

Richard Weight watcher, executive director of the Death Penalty

Information Center, which provided a portion of the information on which the

examination depends, said "each time we have an execution, there is a danger of

executing a honest individual. The hazard might be little, however it's

unsatisfactory". The rough approximation of no less than 4.1% purity is higher

than past examinations taking a gander at absolution rates that had littler

example sizes and were more limited in their transmit. It is additionally

significantly higher than the gauge given in 2007 by the preservationist US


incomparable court equity Antonin Scalia, who composed that American criminal

feelings for the most part had a "mistake rate of .027% – or, to put it another way,

a win rate of 99.973%". The creators remark poignantly concerning Scalia's

abilities as an analyst: "That would comfort, assuming genuine. Truth be told, the

claim is senseless." The single biggest gathering of blameless death row

detainees are neither absolved and discharged nor executed, the examination

recommends. Or maybe, they are left in limbo, some place in the middle of those

two extremes of fortune.


CHAPTER 3

Method

This chapter discusses the methodology that used in this study. This

research study was conducted based on the methodology. The methodology

plays an important role in implementing this research study accordingly. The

details of the methodology are explained in detail in this chapter.

Research Design

The researchers used a descriptive research design. According to Manuel

and Medel(1976), descriptive research involves the description, recording,

analysis and interpretation of the present nature, composition, or process of

phenomena. The focus is on the prevailing conditions, on how a person, group,

or thing behaves or functions at the time of the study. Investigation of the

problem is stated in this study such as the profile of the teachers, their perception

on Death Penalty, and if to determine if there is a significant difference between

the level of perception of the teachers on death penalty.

Research Locale

The study involved teachers from 4 selected levels in the High School

Department of the University of the Immaculate Conception, Bajada Campus,

Davao City. The High School Department has 8 sections for Grade 7, while
Grade 8, 9, and 10 has 7 sections. University of the Immaculate Conception High

School Department is a Catholic High School Institution run by the Religious of

the Virgin Mary(RVM) sisters. In addition to that, it is also accredited level 3 by

the Philippines Accrediting Association of Schools, Colleges, and

Universities(PAASCU). The school is headed by S. Ma. Marissa R. Viri, RVM.

The Grade 7 and 8 sections are located at the annex building, while the Grade 9

sections are located at the main building of the high school department. 2

sections of the Grade 10 are located at the annex building, and the rest are

located at the Senior High School Building. The researchers conducted a survey

to the teachers of the University of the Immaculate Conception(UIC) High School

Department. The teachers are divided in 4 levels, namely; Grade 7, Grade 8,

Grade 9, and Grade 10.

Research Respondents

The respondents of the study were the teachers of each grade level in the

of the University of the Immaculate Conception High School Department, Bajada

Campus, Davao City. The teachers of each grade level in this study are

professionals in their specific fields that they specialize.

Table 1. Distribution of the Subjects of the Study


Year level No. of Teachers No. Of Respondents Percentage

Grade 7 8 7 27.58
Grade 8 7 6 24.14
Grade 9 7 6 24.14
Grade 10 7 6 24.14
Total 29 27 100
The sampling technique used by the researchers in their study is Stratified

Random Sampling technique. The researchers determined the sampling size

with the formula which is n = N/1+Ne2

Research Instrument

The questionnaire which was prepared by the researchers contains

questions that are based on this study. The instrument will determine the

perception of the high school teachers on the University of the Immaculate

Conception regarding Death Penalty. It will also measure on how much the

respondents know about the study. The questionnaire contains questions mostly

about inhuman acts, unjust execution, and unfair judgements. The questions will

be limited up to five(5) items only. The respondents will be instructed to answer

the questions by encircling the answer according to their level of perception. The

scale is used in questionnaires to determine the respondents’ level of perception

in between the statements given. The questions were set on a table form.

Data Gathering Procedure

The following steps were undertaken by the researchers in gathering of

data in this study:

Asking permission to conduct the survey. The researchers wrote a letter of

request to the principal to conduct a survey to the high school teachers of the

University of the Immaculate Conception. Teachers from each high school level

were used in this study.


Conducting the study. After the request was approved, the researchers

went to each high school level to conduct the survey. The respondents were

oriented on what is the study all about and what they have to do upon receiving

the questionnaire.

Retrieval of the questionnaire. After conducting the survey, the

researchers collected the questionnaires for the gathering of data

Tabulation of the Data. The collection of the data started with the giving of

the questionnaires to the teachers which was an instrument prepared by the

researchers. The questionnaire was used in order to determine the perception of

the teachers regarding Death Penalty. This was given to the respondents to

gather all the data needed. The result was used to identify whether the

respondent supports or opposes Death Penalty.

Analysis and Interpretation. After the administering the research

instrument, it was gathered to analyze the data for answering the questions that

are asked in the statement of the problem. The interpretation of such data

followed to answer the research problems of the study.


Data Analysis

The data was analyzed and interpreted using mean score, standard

deviation and t-test as statistical tool:

The items in the questionnaire were credited on the merit of how strongly

the teacher supports or opposes Death Penalty. The teachers’ answers will

determine their perception on Death Penalty and will give the researchers the

data that they need.

Mean score and standard deviation were used to determine the level of

perception of UIC High School Teacher on Death Penalty

T-test for uncorrelated data was used to determine whether there is a

significant difference between the teachers’ perception on Death Penalty. The

interpretations were tested at 0.05 level of significance.

Scoring guide to interpret the Level of Perception of the Grade 9 Students on the
Integrated Basic Education

Scale Range Description Interpretation

4 3.50-4.00 Strongly Agree Very High

3 2.50-3.49 Agree High

2 1.50-2.49 Disagree Poor

1 1.00-1.49 Strongly Disagree Very Poor


CHAPTER 4

Results and Discussions

This chapter presents the findings of the study, along with the

interpretations and discussion on the implications of the findings.

Profile of Teachers in Terms of Gender.

The table below presented the profile of teachers in terms of their gender.

Table 2. Profile of Teachers in Terms of their Gender.


Respondents Frequency Percentage
Male 5 18.52
Female 21 81.48
Total 26 100

The table 2 above presented the profile of the students in terms of gender,

the total number of male and female respondents and the percentage.

Discussion

Table 2 presented that there are more female advisers than the male

advisers teaching in the University of the Immaculate Conception. Male advisers

have the frequency of 5 while having the percentage of 18.52%. On the other

hand, female advisers have the frequency of 22 while having the percentage of

81.48%.
Level of Perception of UIC High School Faculty Teachers on Death Penalty in
terms of Inhuman Acts

The table below presented the Level of Perception of UIC High School
Faculty Teachers on Death Penalty in terms of Inhuman Acts

Table 3. Level of Perception of UIC Junior High School Faculty Teachers on


Death Penalty in terms of Inhuman Acts
Inhuman Acts Mean Description
1. People should be respected 4.00 Very High
2. I am treated by people nicely 3.40 High
3. I am comfortable with the people
around me 3.35 High
4. People help me when I am in
trouble 3.42 High
5. I love it when people around me
treat me nicely 3.92 Very High
6. Social Abuse should not be tolerated 4.00 Very High
Total 3.68 Very High

The table above showed the mean scores and their corresponding

descriptions based on the statements under the indicator inhuman acts. All the

statements resulted to a total mean of 3.63 which means that most of the

teachers strongly agreed with the statements under the indicator inhuman acts.

Table 3 presented the first indicator which is inhuman acts. The first

statement states that people should be respected. This statement has a mean of

4.00 which means that most of the respondents strongly agreed with this

statement. The second statement states that the respondent is being treated by

people nicely. This statement has a mean of 3.40 which means that most of the

respondents strongly agreed with this statement. The third statement states that

the respondent is comfortable with the people around him/her. This statement

has a mean of 3.35 which means that most of the respondents strongly agreed
with this statement. The fourth statement states that people help the respondent

when he/she is in trouble. This statement has a mean of 3.42 which means that

most of the respondents strongly agreed with this statement. The fifth statement

states that the respondent loves it when people around him/her treats them

nicely. This statement has a mean of 3.92 which means that most of the

respondents strongly agreed with this statement. The sixth statement states that

social abuse should not be tolerated. This statement has a mean of 4.00 which

means that most of the respondents strongly agreed with this statement.

Discussion

It implies that most of the respondents prefers to be respected and treated

nicely. It also means that the respondents feels comfortable with the people

around him/her and also helps them whenever they are in trouble. Most of the

respondents does not want social abuse to be tolerated.

According to Mamamayang Tutol sa Bitay Movement for Restorative

Justice(MTBMRJ), it was stated that Death Penalty involves consuming,

beheading, suffocating, excoriating, garrote, hanging, shooting, cutting, and other

forms of capital disciplines which really highlighted the indicator inhuman acts.
Level of Perception of UIC High School Faculty Teachers on Death Penalty in
terms of Unjust Execution

The table below presented the Level of Perception of UIC High School
Faculty Teachers on Death Penalty in terms of Unjust Execution

Table 4. Level of Perception of the UIC Junior High School teachers on


Death Penalty in terms of Unjust Executions
Unjust Execution Mean Description
1. I seek what is right 3.88 Very High
2. Executions should be granted 2.62 High
3. Human life should be valued 3.85 Very High
4. Government should protect people’s
lives 3.72 Very High
5. Criminals should be liberated 1.99 Poor
6. Criminals have the freedom to live
freely 1.77 Poor

Total 2.97 High

The table above showed the mean scores and their corresponding

description based on the statements under the indicator unjust executions. All the

statements resulted to a total mean of 2.97 which means that most of the

teachers agreed with the statements under the indicator unjust executions.

Table 4 presented the second indicator which is unjust executions. The

first statement states that people should be respected. This statement has a

mean of 3.88 which means that most of the respondents strongly agreed with this

statement. The second statement states that executions should be granted. This

statement has a mean of 2.62 which means that most of the respondents agreed

with this statement. The third statement states that human life should be valued.

This statement has a mean of 3.85 which means that most of the respondents
strongly agreed with this statement. The fourth statement states that the

government should protect the people’s lives. This statement has a mean of 3.72

which means that most of the respondents strongly agreed with this statement.

The fifth statement states that criminals should be liberated. This statement has a

mean of 1.99 which means most of the respondents disagreed with this

statement. The sixth statement states that criminals have the freedom to live

freely. This statement has a mean of 1.77 which means that most of the

respondents disagreed with this statement.

Discussion
It implies that most of the respondents seeks what is right and thinks that

execution should be granted. It also means that the respondents wants human

life to be valued and that the government should protect the people’s lives. Most

of the respondents does not want the criminals to be liberated and does not

agree on letting the criminals live freely. According to the execution of Cameron

Willingham in Texas which happened on 2004 this certain indicator was

highlighted for being blamed of killing his three youthful little girls by setting his

home on fire.
Level of Perception of UIC High School Faculty Teachers on Death Penalty in
terms of Unfair Judgements.

The table below presented the Level of Perception of UIC High School
Faculty Teachers on Death Penalty in terms of Unfair Judgements

Table 5. Level of Perception of UIC Junior High School Teachers on Death


Penalty in terms of Unfair Judgements
Unfair Judgements Mean Description
1. I’m aware of false judgements 3.23 High
2. feel virtuous of those people who
are judged fairly 3.35 High
3. I see judgements as a good thing 3.04 High
4. Judgements lets me improve myself 3.46 Very High
5. People should be judged equally 3.81 Very High
6. Biased judging should not
be tolerated 3.65 Very High
Total 3.42 High

The table above showed the mean scores and their corresponding

descriptions based on the statements under the indicator unfair judgements.

All the statements resulted to a total mean of 3.42 which means that most of

the teachers strongly agreed to the statements under the indicator unfair

judgements.

Table 5 presented the third indicator which is unfair judgements. The

first statement states that the respondent is aware of false judgements. This

statement has a mean of 3.23 which means that most of the respondents

strongly agreed with this statement. The second statement states that the

respondent feels virtuous of those people who are judged fairly. This

statement has a mean of 3.35 which means that most of the respondents

strongly agreed with this statement. The third statement states the
respondents sees judgements as a good thing. This statement has a mean of

3.04 which means that most of the respondents strongly agreed with this

statement. The fourth statement states that judgements lets the respondent

improve his/herself. This statement has a mean of 3.46 which means that

most of the respondents strongly agreed with this statement. The fifth

statement states that people should be judged equally. This statement has a

mean of 3.81 which means that most of the respondents strongly agreed with

this statement. The sixth statement states that biased judging should be

tolerated. This statement has a mean of 3.65 which means that most of the

respondents strongly agreed with this statement.

Discussion

It implies that most of the respondents are aware of false judgements

and wants the people to be judged fairly. It also means that the respondents

sees judgements as a good thing and it lets them improve themselves. Most

of the respondents also does not want biased judging to be tolerated.

According to a man named Gary Graham, he was falsely accused in 1981 for

murder of Bobby Lamber and robbery and was sentenced to his death at the

age of 18.
The Difference in the Level of Perception of UIC High School Faculty Teachers
on Death Penalty.

The table below show in The Level of Perception of UIC High School
Faculty Teachers on Death Penalty.

Table 6. The Difference in the Level of Perception of UIC High School

Faculty Teachers on Death Penalty.

Gender Mean SD P-value Decision

Male 3.41 0.12 0.490 Fail to reject Ho

Female 3.35 0.20

Table 5 shows the computed mean of male which is 3.41 and computed

mean of female which is 3.35. The computed p-value of .490 was greater than

.05 level of significance, then this indicates that there was no significant

difference between the level of perception of University of the Immaculate

Conception Junior High School teachers when analyzed according to gender.

Discussion

The result implies that since there is no significant difference between the

level of perception of the University of the Immaculate Conception Junior High

School teachers when analyzed according to gender, therefore the level of

perception of the male and female teachers are equal. As Hood (2002) has

brought up, the explore writing is solely concentrated on the utilization of capital

discipline for kill. It is also stated by Mamamayang Tutol sa Bitay Movement for

Restorative Justice (MTBMRJ) that death penalty involves consuming,


beheading, suffocating, excoriating, garrote, hanging, shooting, cutting, and other

cases of capital disciplines, which is why the results shows that the respondents

see death penalty as a crime itself.


.Chapter 5

Conclusions and Recommendations

Death Penalty is the punishment of execution, administered to someone

legally convicted of a capital crime. It is given by a court of law for very serious

crimes. Nowadays, many convicted people are falsely accused of certain crimes

and suffer an excruciating punishment. Which is why the researchers decided to

conduct this study in order to determine the perception of the people, specifically

the teachers of the University of the Immaculate Conception Junior High School

Department.

Summary

This research entitled “The Level of Perception of the University of the

Immaculate Conception Junior High School Teachers on Death Penalty” was

conducted to determine the perception of the University of the Immaculate

Conception Junior High School Teachers regarding Death Penalty. The

researchers chose the Junior High School Teachers of University of The

Immaculate Conception to be the respondents of this study. The study was

conducted on the 22nd and 23rd of February 2018. The researchers use Stratified

Random Sampling as their method of research. The data was gathered by the

researchers by conducting a survey to the University of the Immaculate

Conception Junior High School teachers. The researchers chose respondents

who have much knowledge on this certain topic. The researchers prepared

questionnaires to treat the gathered data. After analyzing the gathered data, the
researchers were able to say that majority of the respondents oppose on the idea

of Death Penalty.

Conclusion

The researchers conducted the study, The Level of Perception of the

University of the Immaculate Conception Junior High School Teachers on Death

Penalty to identify their opinion about the contemporary issue, death penalty. The

researchers conducted a survey to gather data that would be beneficial to the

study. The researchers therefore conclude, through the data gathered, that there

is no significant difference between the level of perception of both male and

female teachers which implies that their level of perception about death penalty

are somewhat the same.

Based on the findings,

1. The researchers analyzed the data by the gender of the repondents.

2. The researchers have determined that the level of perception of the

University of the Immaculate Conception Junior High School teachers on

Death Penalty in terms of Inhuman Acts, Unjust Executions, Unfair

Judgements are somewhat the same.

3. The researchers have determined that there is no significant difference

between the level of perception of the teachers which means that the

respondents does not agree with the statements relating to death penalty.

Recommendation

The objectives of the study are as follows: firstly, to determine the level of

perception of the University of the Immaculate Conception Junior High School


teachers on death penalty. Secondly, to raise awareness to all about the issue on

death penalty. And lastly, to gain more knowledge about death penalty. The

study conducted by the researchers are very significant because it can help the

people raise their awareness and be conscious about the happenings in the

society. The researchers recommend the people to be more participative in the

issues that the society is facing right now. The researchers also recommend that

the future researchers of this specific research to really study about this topic

because heinous crimes are frequent nowadays. The researchers also suggests

that everybody should be more vigilant in their surroundings and to the crisis that

the world is currently experiencing.

There are weaknesses that the researchers experienced while conducting this

study and would like to recommend to the future researchers:

1. To give attention to these weaknesses so that they will not experience the

same difficulties that the present researchers experienced.

2. Should not limit their study in the campus only to have more respondents

and to gather more information that can help their study.

3. To use the internet and books as their sources of information to improve

their research.
References

A. Bibliography

1.) Hood, R. & Hoyle, C. (2015). The Death Penalty : A Worldwide


Perspective, Oxford University Press.
2.) Cunningham, M. (2010). Evaluation for Capital Sentencing, Oxford
University Press.
3.) Christianson, S. (2010). The Last Gasp: The Rise and Fall of the
American Gas Chamber. California: University of California.

B. Webliography

1.) McLaughlin, M. (2012). Carlos DeLuna Executio: Texas put to Death


an Innocent man. (retrieved). (May 15, 2012),
https://www.huffingtonpost.com /2012/05/15/ carlos de-luna-execution-
_n_1507003.html
2.) Hurst, G. (2010). Cameron Todd Willingham: Wrongfully Convicted
and Executed in Texas.(retrieved).(October 28, 2011),
https://www.innocenceproject.org /cameron-fodd-willingham-
wrongfully-convicted-and-executed-in-texas/
3.) Supiter. R.(2017). Review of Related Literature by Robert Supiter.
https://gwapokami.wordpress.com/2017/03/08/revieew-of-related-by-
robert-supiter

C. Other Materials

1.) Lurie, S.(2015). The DeathPenalty is Cruel but so is Life without


Parole. https://newsrepublic.com/article/121943/death-row-crueler-and
-more-unusual-penalty-execution
2.) Norton, E.(2014). A Perfect Example of Inhumanity and
Injustice._.https://www.liberty-human-rights.org.uk/news/blog/perfect-
example-inhumanity-and –injustice
3.) Von Drehle, D.(2014). More Innocent People on Death Row than
Estimated._.time.com/79572/more-innocent-people-on-death-row-
than-estimated-study/.
4.) France-Presse, A.(2017). Death Penaltyt has no place in 21st
Century._Unchief._.newsinfo,inquirer.net/9 37067/deathpenalty-has-
no-place-in-21st-century-un-chief
Appendix A

Letter of Permission to Conduct the Study


Appendix B

Questionnaire
Appendix C

SPSS Results

1. Profile of Teachers in Terms of their Gender

Group Statistics
Gende Std. Std. Error
r N Mean Deviation Mean
MeanSco Male 5 3.4100 .12329 .05514
re Femal
21 3.3490 .19603 .04278
e

2. Difference in Level of Perception of the UIC Junior High School

teachers on Death Penalty

Gender Mean SD P-value Decision

Male 3.41 0.12 0.490 Fail to reject Ho

Female 3.35 0.20


Appendix D
Tabulation Results
TEACHERS INHUMAN ACTS
MALE Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6
Teacher 1 4 3 4 4 4 4
Teacher 2 4 3 3 3 4 4
Teacher 3 4 3 3 3 4 4
Teacher 4 4 3 4 3 3 4
Teacher 5 4 3 3 4 4 4
mean score
FEMALE
Teacher 1 4 4 4 3 4 4
Teacher 2 4 3 3 4 4 4
Teacher 3 4 2 2 3 3 4
Teacher 4 4 4 3 3 4 4
Teacher 5 4 4 3 3 4 4
Teacher 6 4 3 4 3 4 4
Teacher 7 4 3 4 4 4 4
Teacher 8 4 4 4 4 4 4
Teacher 9 4 3 3 3 4 4
Teacher 10 4 3 3 4 4 4
Teacher 11 4 4 4 4 4 4
Teacher 12 4 3 2 3 4 4
Teacher 13 4 4 4 3 4 4
Teacher 14 4 4 4 4 4 4
Teacher 15 4 3 3 3 4 4
Teacher 16 4 4 4 3 4 4
Teacher 17 4 4 3 4 4 4
Teacher 18 4 3 4 4 4 4
Teacher 19 4 4 4 4 4 4
Teacher 20 4 4 4 4 4 4
Teacher 21 4 4 1 2 4 4
mean score 4.00 3.42 3.35 3.42 3.92 4.00

3.69
UNJUST EXECUTIONS
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6
4 1 4 4 1 2
4 1 4 4 3 3
4 1 4 4 1 1
3 3 4 4 4 1
4 3 4 4 1 3

3 3 4 4 4 2
4 4 4 4 4 1
4 1 4 4 1 2
4 3 4 4 1 1
4 4 4 3 1 2
4 3 4 4 2 2
4 2 4 4 1 2
4 4 4 4 3 3
4 4 4 4 1 1
4 2 4 3 4 3
4 4 4 4 3 2
4 3 4 2 2 1
4 3 4 4 1 2
4 1 1 4 2 3
4 2 4 3 3 1
3 4 3 3 2 2
4 1 4 4 1 1
4 2 4 4 2 2
4 2 4 4 1 1
4 3 4 3 1 1
4 4 4 4 2 1
3.88 2.62 3.85 3.73 2.00 1.77

2.97
UNFAIR JUDGEMENTS
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6
4 3 4 4 4 4 3.44
4 3 4 4 4 2 3.39
4 4 3 3 4 4 3.22
4 4 4 4 4 4 3.56
4 3 3 3 4 4 3.44

3 2 3 3 3 3.35
1 3 3 4 4 4 3.44
3 3 3 3 3 4 2.94
4 3 3 3 4 4 3.33
3 4 3 3 4 4 3.39
3 3 2 2 4 4 3.28
3 3 3 3 3 4 3.28
3 4 4 4 4 4 3.83
4 3 1 4 4 4 3.28
3 4 3 3 4 4 3.50
3 4 3 4 4 4 3.72
3 3 1 3 4 4 3.00
4 3 3 4 4 4 3.50
4 4 4 4 4 1 3.33
3 4 3 3 4 4 3.28
3 3 3 4 3 4 3.33
3 3 4 4 4 4 3.33
3 3 3 4 4 1 3.28
3 3 3 3 3 4 3.28
3 4 4 3 4 4 3.44
2 3 3 4 4 4 3.22
3.24 3.35 3.04 3.46 3.81 3.65

3.42
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