HERITAGE PROPERTY WORKS PARALLELY WITH URBAN LIFE

By
MOHAMMAD SIDDIQ SALIM
4TH YEAR
POORNIMA UNIVERSITY, JAIPUR
 SYNOPSIS
HERITAGE PROPERTY WORKS PARALLELY WITH URBAN LIFE

INTRODUCTION

The identity and image of cities is often built upon with the identity of their past. The history of
cities is embedded with its built heritage which consists of an array of structures and artifacts
including buildings, bridges, statutes, monuments,and many other places with religious, cultural
values.

The built heritage belongs to the past civilization and the natural environment in which people
live, requires a special attention due to several reasons. Although they belong to
different cultural areas and different historical periods they represent a valuable asset for modern
society.

The built heritage not only provides the cultural, religious, and spiritual aspects belong to that
particular country or nations. It also provides a substantial testimony to
the literature for history of that country.

AIM
To discuss how a heritage property could parallel works with modern urban lifestyle.

NEED OF STUDY
Heritage of modern world act as a landmark in cities, So Without demolishing the Structure and
making the urban scenario to lose its heritage aspect, the Redevelopment of structure into new
working Infrastructure gives them a chance to rebirth

HYPOSIS
Is the Heritage Property works Parallely with Modern Urban Heritage

OBJECTIVES
The objective is to discuss how a heritage buildings works parallel with urban lifestyle. It clearly
justify how the old heritage build according to need of the time caters the present urban
requirements on its ground without harming its purity.
SCOPE
The study will include the evaluation of all the Re-use process and techniques used in the
different parameters of abandoned structures.

A detailed analysis of the building process and techniques will be the part of the study.

LIMITATION

 Study is restricted to the study of mills as an industrial heritage.

 The unavailable of building drawings of few case studies will limit the study.
 Permission for the case studies is difficult.
 Unavailability of case studies in literature form

CASE STUDIES

Artspace wychwood Barns, Totonta

Padley Mills, Uk

METHODOLOGY
Methodology applied in collecting data for the research consists of several means. The
theoretical explanations on the concepts, definitions etc. were obtained through reviewing the
literature which ranges from text books, research articles, and reports.
The aspects like threats in conservation of built heritage, issues and challenges in conservation of
built heritage were discussed based on the findings of the research articles.
 Background Study of the Topic

Formulation of Aim

Objective 1 Objective 2 Objective 3 Objective 4

To study reuse of To study different To study the factors To study and

Abandoned parameters of Reuse of and criteria that understand wheather
Building. Abandoned structure of impacted the historical
built heritage. outcomes of re-use in preservation and
.
deterioration conservation is
needed

Secondary Sources Data

(Books, Archival Records)

Converted Space Secondary Sources

Report on Proposed Textile park-by CEPT
Adaptive Building foe Changing uses (Literature Case Study)

Case Studies

Artspace wychwood Barns,

Totonta

Padley Mills, Uk

Artspace wychwood Barns,Totonta

Analysis / Conclusion
Padley Mills, Uk

Recommendation
4.THEORETICAL AND CONCEPTUAL BACKGROUND

4.1 Special Characteristics of Built Heritage and its Conservation

Feilden (1994) described the value of historic buildings"...... an historic building is one that gives
us a sense of wonder and makes us want to know more about the people and culture that
produced it. It has architectural, aesthetic, historic, documentary, archaeological economic, social
and even political and spiritual or symbolic values: but the first impact is always emotional, for it
is a symbol of our cultural identity and
continuity -a part of our heritage. If it has survived the hazards of 100 years of usefulness, it has
a good claim to being called historic”.

The uniqueness of each heritage make the supply fixed which Ashworth (1997) explained the
scenario as follows; "Historic resources are assumed to be fixed in supply, both in the sense that
there is one unique unreproducible Stonehenge,
or Taj Mahal, and also that there is - in principle -a finite quantity of the preservable" .

4.2 Urban Built heritage at Risk

Generally it is accepted that in all developing countries, as well as in many developed countries,
the governments have an obligation and duty to provide infrastructure, protect the environment
and ensure the safety and security.

The interaction of those numerous attributes in many circumstances threatens the existence of
historical structures and following are the consequences of the above situation.

i) Generally all historic buildings and structures are at risk due to neglect and decay.
ii) There is a tendency to convert the use for more profitable uses.

iii) In the absence of proper legal and institutional mechanism to safeguard the properties, the
owners or the users of heritage properties are motivated to alter,
demolish or make adhoc extensions to the structures.

iv) The new urban development projects, which do not consider the aspects of heritage
management, can encourage the demolition of heritage properties under the names such as urban
renewal or urban re-generation.

v) Un planned construction of new buildings in the cities where historical properties are
significant could distort or bring down the native character and value of them.
vi)Generally deteriorated or neglected houses in the cities of developing countries
are occupied by the poor. Lack of maintenance, legal disputes on the
ownership, inadequate infrastructure caused further
deterioration of these buildings. In spite of the architectural or historic value, these areas have
become over crowded agglomerations
of unsanitary housing.

vii) Urban informal sector activities in the cities of developing countries often obstruct or even
damage the elements of cultural or historical properties.

viii)The cities in developing countries are most commonly congested with automobiles due to
the absence of traffic management system which built environment has been badly affected due
to haphazard parking, congestion and air pollution.

ix) The social aspects like political and social violence, ethnic conflicts and war similarly affect
the security of historical properties. The degradation of social values and ethics on the other hand
leads to destroy the cultural properties through activities like
vandalism, theft and illicit trade and trafficking.

x) Excessive use of historic buildings or areas as centers of tourist attraction. Especially mass
tourism creates several other negative impacts and threatens the existence of fragile monuments
and sites.

xi) The urban areas are centers of pollution hence destruction by pollution is also a factor to be
considered. (Doxiadis 1968)

4.3 Conservation of Built Heritage in Urban Redevelopment: A Challenging Task

Every new development or re-development destroys the vernacular built environment, and socio-
economic character of towns and cities. The popularity of the term “sustainability” in the
development urges the urban planners, developers and policy makers to create a balance between
development and heritage conservation in the coming times. Besides this public perception and
awareness on heritage conservation has made a firm ground to look for the “Win Win” situation
between heritage conservation and urban re-development.
There are many economic, social and environmental benefits of heritage conservation provided
that it must be associated with a sound heritage management plan prepared in coordination with
the urban development plan. Following is a brief account of these benefits.
Economic Benefits
i) The enhancement of economic value by contributing heritage character to the value of the
property. Conservation creates positive impact on property value by providing a form of
insurance of future neighborhood quality. Besides the direct effects on property values in an area,
there are positive spillover for neighbouring areas where by designation of areas as conservation
areas leads to ripple effect of rehabilitation and upgrading of properties in the surrounding area.
ii) Many hedonic pricing studies conducted in the countries like Canada, USA, Australia,
Germany, Netherlands found that there is an increase of property values in the neighboring areas
due to the historic preservation.
iii) Increase the value of assessments as a result of renovation and restoration.
iv) Enhance the use of historic sites and structures as functional areas.
v) Enhance highest and best use of land which is compatible with the urban development
process.
vi) Increase opportunities for cultural tourism. It is noted that according to the World Tourism
Organization, cultural tourism accounts for 37 per cent of world travel and this is growing at the
rate of 15 per cent a year.
vii) Where historic heritage is conserved for tourism purposes, other private benefits can arise.
For example, hotels, shops and restaurants may be established in such conservation areas to cater
for tourists. This development of tourist infrastructure may, in turn, return additional benefits to
heritage conservation by increasing visitor numbers.
viii) As per the concept of sustainable development active building conservation maintains the
developed areas of cities which to contain their growth. Therefore, building conservation
contributes to the potential economic benefits of compact cities.
ix) Activities involved in renovation are more labor intensive than new construction. Thus it
provides more employment opportunities and provides benefits for local economies of countries.
Social Benefits
i) By maintaining the existing stock of historic heritage places, conservation activities enhance
a community’s cultural capital
ii) Historic buildings create a focal point that people can relate to and are familiar with – giving
a sense of place.
iii) They may be well loved local landmarks which the community identify with and will rally
around to support or save.
iv) The fabric and design can add a distinctive identity to the new build part of a regeneration
scheme – enhancing townscape and lifting the overall quality of the built environment.
v) They may have interesting historical and cultural associations which can be interpreted and
developed through the wider regeneration area.
vi) They may attract tenants/occupiers who would not be interested in a less distinctive building.
vii) They feed people’s interest in the past.
viii) Historic buildings have option values — the value to community members of having the
option to visit the historic heritage place in the future. Bequest values — the value associated
with the knowledge that the heritage asset can be endowed to future generations. Existence
values — the benefits gained from knowing that the historic heritage place has been conserved,
irrespective of whether the community member enjoying the benefit actually visits it.
ix) Conservation of historic buildings encourages the people to live, work and shopping in the
area which can address problems of de-population of city areas.
x) Conservation of existing landscape enhances the aesthetic beauty of the area. Thus it
contributes psychological benefits of the people.
xi) Building conservation can play the lead role in capturing it by retaining those structures that
make up the environment in which people interact.

Environmental Benefits
i) Ensure the sustainable development through conservation and management of built
heritage, which is a non-renewable resource

CASE STUDIES

1. ARTSPACE WYCHWOOD BARNS

Fig Shown Before Redevelopment (Exterior View)

Location 76 Wychwood Avenue, Toronto, ON

Site Area 2.02 Hectares
Age Built between 1913 & 1921.
Current Official Land Use Parks (Land Use Plan)
History Railway carriage Repairing Shed
  Constructed between 1913 & 1921.
 It was earlier Railway carriage Repairing Shedwhich were used for repairing and housing
facility for the Toronto Civic Railway (TCR).
 The Barns were built with utilitarianism in mind and are an example of the classic revival
industrial style.
 In 1900s, The surrounding was largely in residential part & near to the corner of the City.
 In 2000, it was agreed that the Wychwood Barns would be adaptively reused.
 After capital support and 8 years of arduous work, it was newly named “Arts cape
Wychwood Barns” adaptive reuse project was completed.

Shown After Redevelopment (Exterior View)

THE GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION:

Topography: The site is flat with negligible slope.

Architectural features: The barns acts as classic revival of industrial style.

Neighborhoods: Primarily surrounded by residential areaand was largely in residential par t&
near to the corner of the City.

THE PHYSICAL FEATURES

A. STRUCTURE: The structure is strong enough to stand for many years.

 Covered Street Barn.

 Steel truss structure
 During Construction of Green Barn During Construction of Green Barn

B. CONSTRUCTIONAL:

 Walls are in brick, load bearing

 Barns and Trusses to support the roof structure
 Skylight is used on roof for lighting
 Brick arches are provided on windows and doors
 Exposed brick walls at some places

During Construction of Green Barn Drilling for the Geothermal Pipefield

5.4.3 NEW POSSIBLE USE OF THE BUILDING SPACES

 COVERED STREET BARN

 THE STOP’S COURTYARD & CLASSROOM
 CHRISTIE OPEN-AIR COURTYARD
 COMMUNITY GALLERY
 2. PADLEY MILL

Fig Shown Before Redevelopment (Exterior View)

Location Upper Padley, Grindleford, Hope Valley S32 2JA, UK

Site Area 2.02 Hectares
Age Built in 1985.
Current Official Land Use Cottage
History Corn Mill

 Constructed in 1985.
 This old mill in Padley Canyon, on top of hill of brownish-gray and pinkish sandstone.
 Padley Mill was earlier a corn mill but later switched to saw mill & wire drawing mill.
 After Redevelopment (Exterior View)

THE PHYSICAL FEATURES:

A. STRUCTURE: The old structure is strong and good for purposed structure

 Load Bearing Walls

 Slope angled Roof
 Totally old structure is reused.

B.CONSTRUCTIONAL:
 Walls are in brick, load bearing
 Brick arches are provided on windows and doors
 Thick brick walls are used for partitioning
 Exposed brick walls at some places

During Construction of Green Barn Drilling for the Geothermal Pipefield

 ELEMENTS CHANGED DURING REFURBISHMENT:

 Two storeys above underwork, and of three bays, with shallow

arched heads to window openings, cut into flat stone lintels.
 Simple 2-light casements with horizontal glazing bars.
 Three semi-circular arches to underwork; two large openings linked by a smaller arch, one
blocked, and one with planked doors.
 East gable with central doorway approached by steps, and flanked by 12-light windows.

POSSIBLE USE OF THE BUILDING

 Padley mill is a good example of four square, three floor, gritstone vernacular, the key
element in local eighteenth- and nineteenth-century industrial landscape-change

NORTH SIDE OF PADLEY MILL WITH ALTERATIONS KEYED:

Fig Shown Landscape & Outer Detail

1) Main rooflight.
2) Large central window replacing door and modern window.
3) New oak casements in original openings.
4) New stone surrounds to modern window opening.
5) Solid door glazed and steps adjusted to floor level.
6) New paving with old stone found on site.
 7) Paving taken to dam edge.
8) Filled dam excavated and water system restored.
9) Waterfall restored
10) Pen through and pipes through kitchen restored.
11) Underground garage constructed with roof lawn absorbing soil excavated from dam.
12) Triangular court excavated and stairs formed with stone from site.
13) Gap created by 12 avoided breaking mill corner and created garden entrance.
14) Stone tank discovered during excavation resited to collect roof water.
POSSIBLE USE OF THE BUILDING:

Fig 5.22 Workship Area Fig 5.23 Dining

Fig 5.24 Wash Room(Interior) Fig 5.25 Picture shown

 Living Hal (Interior) Cottage Room (Interior)
Conclusions
After the Analysis of case studies the structure are our industrial heritage and should be preserved
as more we can.

According to studies carried out the, it was found that the heritage structure are very well suited
for redevelopment/Reuse because of its –

 STRUCTURE

 SPACE

 LOCATION

 PROPERTY VALUE

The revitalization of historic buildings along with the urban development provides ample
opportunities to contribute city’s economy in a positive manner.
Enhancement of city image through revitalization of historic character and strengthening the
identity of the city, Improved environment of the city as a place to live, work and leisure,
Attractive environment for cultural tourism which is one of the significant foreign income sources
of the country’s economy, Increase opportunities for service sector targeting the tourism,
Contributes to real estate development by releasing additional space for urban development,
Appreciation of land values and assessment values thereby increase the income of the local
authority Ensures the highest and best use of land which aims to accomplish the development
that is socially, economically and environmentally balanced.