ASSOCIATION OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS, OF THE PHILIPPINES, INC. NATIONAL STRUCTURAL CODE OF THE mam ede te) is Piel Eis iat Fars His VOLUME | BUILDINGS, TOWERS, AND OTHER VERTICAL STRUCTURESa NATIONAL STRUCTURAL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES 2015 VOLUME I BUILDINGS, TOWERS AND OTHER VERTICAL STRUCTURES SEVENTH EDITION First Printing, 2016 Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. Suite 713, Future Point Plaza Condominium 1 112 Panay Avenue, Quezon City, Philippines 1100 + (632) 410-0483, (£632) 411-8606 aseponline@email.com + http://www.aseponline.org National Structural Code of the Philippines Volume |, 7th Edition, 1* Printing, 2076 fiPREFACE TO THE NSCP VOLUME 1, SEVENTH EDITION, 2015 Introduction [ASEP recognizes the need for an up-to-date structural code addressing the design and installation of structural systems through requirements emphasizing performance. The new National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP Volume lis designed to meet these needs through various model codes/regulations, generally from the United States, to safeguard the pablic health and safety nationwide. ‘Thi’ updated Structural Code establishes minimum requirements for structural systems using prescriptive and performance-based provisions. I is founded on broad-based principles that make possible the use of new materials and Pow building designs. Also, this code reflects the latest seismic design practice for earthquake-resistant structures Changes and Developments In its drive to upgrade and update the NSCP, the ASEP Codes and Standards Committe initially wanted to adopt the latest ditions of American code counterparts. However, for eases where available local data i limited to support the upgrade, then some provisions and procedures of the NSCP 7" edition were retained, ‘This NSCP 7th eition is referenced from the following: 2. Uniform Building Code UBC-1997 b. International Building Code 1BC-2009 c. American Society of Civil Engineers ASCE/SE! 7-10 4. American Concrete Institute ACI318-14M e __American Institue for Steel Constuction AISC-0S with Supplementary Seismic Provisions £ American Tron and Stee! Institute AISI $100-2007 & Reinforced Masonry Engineering Handbook of America h. Concrete Masonry Handbook, th Edition i. American National Standard Institute ANSI EIA'TIA-222-G-1-2007 |. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standards Significant revisions ae summarized as follows: & ——Chapier 1~ General Requirements “The changes made inthis chaptor are the following 1 Section 102 Definition of Failure a2 Section 103 ~ Classification of Structures School buildings of more than one story, hospitals, designated evacuation centers, structures are under the essential facilities category. Section 104 ~ Design Requirements Churches, Mosque and other related religious structures are under the special occupancy category Section 104-Design Requirements. “The provision for deftection of any structural member under the serviceability requirement is deleted, This cequirement for concrete and steel is specified in Chapters 4 and 5 respectively. [New requirements are added tothe design review seetion. a3 Section 105 ~ Posting and Instrumentation ‘Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (ASEP) vaa ‘The provision of installed recording accelerograph is adjusted. Inclusion of Appendix I-A : Recommended Guidelines on Structural Design Peer Review of ‘Structures 2015 Inclusion of Appendix 1-B: Guidelines and Implementing Rules on Earthquake Recording Instrumentation for Buildings (Chapter 2 ~ Minimum Design Loads The changes made in this chapter are the following: ba b2 b3 ba Section 203 ~ Combination of Loads ‘The load factors and load combinations are revised particularly the load combinations including wind load Section 205 ~ Live Loads Additional loads are incorporated in the table for minimum uniform and concentrated loads particulary the parking garage and ramp live load. Section 207 ~ Wind Loads Wind load provisions, which were previously based on ASCET-05, are updated based on ASCET-10, In this edition, three different wind contour maps for the entire Philippine archipelago are generated and provided for determining the basic wind speeds for different categories of building occupancies as defined in Table 103-1, These maps provide basic wind speeds that are directly applicable for determining pressures for design strength, Strength design wind load factor ig 1.0; whereas, allowable stress design wind load factor is 0.6, Generally, basic wind speeds correspond to 3%, 7% and 1$% probability of exceedance in SO years (MRI = 1700,700 and 300 years, respectively). Four (4) permitted procedures in ‘determining the design wind loads for main wind-force resisting eystems (MWFRS), for other structares and building appurtenances and for components and cladding (C&C) are provided such as: ‘© directional procedure for buildings of all heights, © envelope procedure for low-rise buildings, ‘* directional procedure for other structures and building appurtenances and analytical procedure for components & cladding, and ‘© wind tunnel procedure ‘The ANSI EIA/TIA-222-G-2005 and ANSI ELA/TIA-222G-1-2007 are now fully referenced for computing wind loads on stee! antenna towers and antenna supporting steuetures. Section 208 Earthquake Loads ‘The near-soutce factors for 2-km distance from a causative fault is included in addition to 5- km, 10-km, 15-km distance and beyond 15-km distance. ASCEISEI 7-10, using spectral acceleration, is recognized as an alternative procedure in the determination ofthe earthquake loads ‘Chapter 3- Earthworks and Foundations ‘The revisions made in this chapter are the following: Provisions pertaining to the conduet and interpretation of foundation investigations for cases involving liquefiable, expansive or questionable sols are adopted National Structural Code of the Philippines Volume |, 7th Edition, 1” Printing, 2076c2_ The section on footings is amended to incomorate provisions for differential settlement, design loads and vibratory loads; ¢3 The section on pile foundations is amended to incorporate new provisions on splicing of ‘concrete piles and cd Thesection on special foundations, slope stabilization and materials of eonstrution are added. 5 Provisions for construction in Zone 4 pertaining to reinforcement of Precast Prestressed Piles have boon revised to ensure consistency with ACI 318, 66 The figure for cut slopes has been amended for clarity; 67 The figore for fill slopes has been amended for clarity and some provisions have been modified: 8 A table on the minimum required number of boreholes has been added to the section om foundation investigation: 69 Provisions pertaining to minimum dimensions of ditches have been modified 610 The section on excavations and fills has been amended to incorporate provisions for scouring and erosion proteetion as well as support of excavations and open cuts: cll Provision pertaining to general pile requirements have been expand to include design of piles and pile groups subjected to lateral loads. 12 A Section on MSE Struetures and ilar Reinforced Embankments and Fills has been added. Chapter 4 - Structural Concrete ‘To reflect the reorganization of ACI 318-14 which contained 2 number of significant technical changes, the ASEP adopted similar changes in the NSCP 2015 7th Edition. The latest ACI 318 was reorganized as « member- based document, i, e., particular member type, such as beam, column, or slab will have separate sub-sections for all requirements to design that particular member type. ‘This will eliminate the need to flip through several Sections to comply with all the necessary design requirements for a particular structural member, 9s was necessary withthe old organization format, 41 Section 401: General General information regarding the scope and applicability of NSCP 2015, Vol. 1 is provided. Additional sub- seetion on interpretation is included to help users better understand Chapter 4, Structural Concrete, 42 Seotion 402: Notation and Terminology ‘The definition for hoops has been modified because the use of interlocking headed bars is a concem regarding the possibility that it will not be adequately interlocked and because the heads could become disengaged under complex loadings well into the non-linear range of response. It is now defined as a closed tie or continously :vound tie, made up of one or several reinforcement elements, each having seismic hooks at both ends. [A definition for special seismic systems, a term used in Sections 418 and 419, has been added 43 Section 403: Referenced Standards “The following referenced specifications have been added to Section 403.2.4 ‘» ASTM A370-14, Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Producis ‘ASTM A1085-13, Standard Specification for Cold-Formed Welded Carban Stee! Hollow Structural Sections (HSS) «ASTM C173/C173M-14, Standard Test Method for Air- Content of Freshly Mixed Conerete by Volumetric Method ‘Association of Structural Engineers ofthe Philippines, Inc. (ASEP) 1 ii ‘+ ASTM C1582/C1582M-11, Standard Specification for Admistures to Inhibit Chloride Induced Corrosion of Reinforcing Steel in Concrete ‘A now referenced specification from Australia and New Zealand, Section 403.2.6 is added. These standards were included as ACI 318 has no provisions related to Qualifications on the Use of Quenctied ‘Tempered QT/Thermo-Mechanically Treated Reinforcement, which are the type manufactured, sold, ‘and commonly used for building construction inthe Philippines ‘AS/NZS 4671: 2001, Steel Reinforcing Materials ‘+ NZS 3101: 2006, Part 1 and Part 2, Concrete Structures Standaed, and Design of Concrete Structures # NZS 3109, Amendment 2, Welding of Reinforcing Steel * ASINZS 1554.3: 2008, Part 3, Structural Steel Welding of Reinforcing Steel ‘The following referenced specifications have been deleted + ASTM C109/C109M-08, Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic ‘Cement Mortars (Using 50 mm Cube Specimens) * ASTM C192/C192M-07, Standard Practice for Making and Curing Conerete Test Specimens in the Laboratory Several referenced standards and specifications have been updated, as in most eases with every edition of the NSCP. Note that the edition of every referenced standard is important. The NSCP does not necessarily adopt new editions of referenced standards unless they are vetted before the publication of each edition ofthe standard, 4 ds Section 404: Structural System Requirements ‘This new Section has been added 10 Chapter 4 to introduce structural system requirements, ‘This Section contains Sub-scctions on Materials, Design Loads, Structural System and Load Paths, Structural Analysis, Strength, Serviceability, Durability, Sustainability, Structural Integrity, Fire Resistance, Requirements for Specitie Types of Construction, Construction and Inspection, and Strength Evaluation of Existing Structures, Most of these Sub-sections refer to the other Sections in the NSCP. The Sub-section on construction and inspection, for instance, refers to Section 426, In the areas for Sustainability and Fire Resistance, the NSCP does not have specifie requirements. This Sub-section on Sustainability allows the licensed design professional to specify in the construction documents, sustainability requirements in addition to the strength, serviceability, and durability requirements of the NSCP, The strength serviceability. and durability requirements are required to take precedence over sustainability Considerations, though these requirements are generally in harmony with sustainable siructures. In the Sub-section on Fire Resistance, the NSCP refers to the fire-protection requirements of the NSCP Chapter 4, Sub-sestion 420.6.1. However, ifthe National Building Code of the Philippines requires a greater concrete cover, such greater thickness shall govern. Seetion 405: Loads The following modification has been made in the provision for live load reduction because ‘there are still unincozporated arcas where there may not be included in the previous editions of the NSCP. The 7° Edition, Sub-section 405.2.3 — Live load reductions shall be permitted in accordance with the National Building Code of the Philippines, or in its absence, in accordance with ASCE/SEI 7, For many Code revision cycles, ACI 318 retained provisions for service-level earthquake forces in the design load combinations, In 1993, ASCEISEI 7 converted earthquake forces to strength-level forces and reduced the earthquake load factor to 1.0, and the model building National Structurel Code of the Philippines Volume I, 7th Edition, 1 Printing, 2016codes followed suit, In modern building codes around the world, earthquake fonds are now stengti-level forees. Any references 10 service-level earthquake forces have been deleted 446. Section 406: Structural Analysis ‘The following new itern has been added in Sub-section 406 6.2.3 (b) For frames or continuous construction, it shall be permitted to assume the intersecting member regions are rigié. Previous NSCP 6" Ealition has been silent on the use of finite element analysis (FEA), though itis now frequently used. Sub-seetion 406.9 now has provisions that are intended to explicitly allow the use of FEA and to provide a framework for the future expansion of FEA provisions, but not as gui toward the selection and use of FEA software, The new Sub-section on diaphragms and collectors makes explicit reference to the use of FEA, which makes it imperative that the NSCP 7* Edition recognize the acceptability ofits use. 4.7 Section 408: Two-Way Slabs ‘Sub-seetion 418.10.1 (corresponding to ACI 318M-L, Section 18.9.1), says thet a minimum area of bonded reinforcement shall be provided in all flexural members with unbonded prestressing tendons, The purpose of the minimam unbonded reinforcement over the tops of ‘columns js to distribute cracking enused by high local flexural tensile stresses in areas of peak negative moments, However, the high local flexural tensile stresses are not unique to slabs ‘with unbonded tendons. The new reorganized Sub-section 408.6.2.3 (corresponding to ACL 318M-14 Section 8.6.2.3) requires the same minimum reinforcement in slabs with unbonded ‘or bonded tendons, except that the aren of bonded tendons is considered effective in controlling cracking. Ik was also decided by the ACI 318 Committee, that if the same bonded reinforcement were required for both bonded and unbonded post-tensioned two-way systems, the structural integrity requirements for both systems should also be the same, The structral integrity requirements. in ACT 318M-I1, Section 18.12.6 applied to two-way post-ensioned slab systems with unbonded tendons only. The structaral integrity requirements in ACL 318M-14 Section 8.7.5.6 (corresponding to the NSCP 2015, Sub-section 408.7.5.6) now apply to two- \way posttensioned slab systems with bonded as well as unbonded tendons. 48 Section 409: Beams ‘The use of open web reinforcement for torsion and shear in slender spandrel beams by the precast concrete industry 8 an alternative to the closed stirups traditionally mandated by this ‘Code. Eliminating closed stirrups is desirable because they cause reinforcement congestion: production costs also increase significantly because pre-tensioning strand must be thrended through the closed stirrups. ‘A new relevant Sub-seetion 409.5.4.7 for solid precast sections is added to the NSCP 7" Edition 49 Section 412: japhragms For the first ime, a new Section 412, added design provisions for diaphragms in buildings constructed in areas of low seismicity (Zone 2) The new Section applies “to the design of non- prestressed ond prestressed diaphragms, including: (2). Diaphragms tha are cast -place slabs (6). Diaphragms that comprise a cast-in-place topping slab on precast elements ‘Association of Structural Engingers of the Philippines, Inc. (ASEP) vili | i aio aan az (©). Diaphragms that comprise precast elements with end strips formed by either a cast- in-place concrete topping slab or edge beams (@). Diaphragms of interconnected precast clements without cast-in-place concrete topping Section 418: Barthquake-Resistant Structures ‘There are a number of significant and substantive changes to this Section Column confinement - The ability ofthe concrete core of a concrete reinforeed column to sustain compressive strains tends to increase with confinement pressure, Confinement requirements for columns of special moment frames, and for columns not designated as part of the seismic-force-esisting system in structures assigned to seismic zone 4 (similar to ASCE 7-10 Seismic Design Categories D, E, end F), with high exial load or high concrete compressive strength are significantly diferent. ‘Transverse reinforcement - One important new requirement for special moment frame columns are included in Sub-sections 418.7.5.2 and 418.1.5.4. There are new restrictions on the use of headed reinforcement to make up hoops. Special moment frame beatn-column joints ~ For beam-coluran joints of special moment frames, clarification of | the development fength of the beam longitudinal reinforcement that is hooked, requirements for joints with hheaded longitudinal reinforcement, and restrictions on joint aspect ratio are new, For beam-columin joints of special moment frames, clarification of development length of beam longitudinal reinforcement that is hooked, requirements for joints with headed longitudinal reinforcement, and restrictions on joint aspect rato are new. Special shear walls ~ Subsection 418.10 (equivalent to ACI 318-14M-14 Section 18.10, previously ACI 318M-I1 Section 21.9), has been extensively revised in view of the performance of buildings in the Chile earthquake of 2010 and the Christchurch, New Zealand, earthquakes of 2011, as wells as fullescale reinforced concrete building tests, In these earthquakes and laboratory tests, concrete spalling and vertical reinforcement buckling were at times observed at wall boundaries, For ASTM AGI5 Grade 420 bars used as longitudinal reinforcement in special moment frames and special shear ‘walls the NSCP 7" Edition now requires the same minimum elongation as ASTM A706 reinforcement, Section 419: Concrete: Design and Durability Requiremen Quite 2 few changes have been made in concrete durability eequirements, which are now located in this Section, Section 420: Steel Reinforcement Properties, Durability and Embedments ‘The definition of yield strength of high-strength reinforcement for Grade 420 (Grade 60) in this Section is now, forthe first time, the same as that in ASTM specifications, except for bars with less than 420 MPa, the yield strength shall be taken as the stress corresponding to a strain of 0.35 percent Deformed and plain stainless steet wire and welded wire conforming to ASTM A1022 is now permitted to be used as concrete reinforcement, Sub-section 420.225 requires “Deformed non-presiressed longitudinal reinforcement resisting earthquake ‘moment, axial force, or both, in special moment frames, special structural walls, and all the components of special structural walls including coupling beams and wall piers” to be ASTM A706 Grade 420 (Grade 60), ASTM 615 Grade 275 (Grade 40) or Grade 420 (Grade 60) reinforcement is permitted if two supplementary Fequirements are met, which are already part of the ASTM A706 specification. A third supplementary Fequirement is now added for ASTM A615 (Grade 60) reinforcement to be permitted for use in special moment frames, special structural walls. The minimum elongation in 200 mm (8") must now be the same as that ASTM AGLS (Grade 60) reinforcement (One aspect of the Code compliance that the Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines is cautioning Designers and Constructors alike, is the introduction of ASTM 615 Grade 520 (Grade 75) in the Philippine National Structural Code of the Philippines Volume I, 7th Edition, 1 Printing, 2016 ix