Santos1

Diogo Santos

Ms. Litle

ENG121

27 October 2018

Military

Wars have been a part of our evolution, since ancient times, and because of that

in the beginning kingdoms and now countries have the need to train their population to

fight for their territory and most important to defend their ideals.

With the passing of the years this ideology of being trained in a military capacity

have been refuse for most of the population, now a days most people don’t want to be a

part of any kind of conflict, and have more interest in living a life that is not dangerous

and were they have the opportunity to choose their own path. This means that most

countries now a days don’t have a regime were the military service is mandatory, this

means that exist a lot more freedom than in pass centuries, even in pass decades. This

happens in countries that are not in conflicts with other countries, so they don’t have

any reason to obligate their people to serve in a military lifestyle. But this doesn’t mean

that all countries have some ideology, some places because of their armed conflicts have

to make their people ready for any problem that could happen.

Because of that a lot of people discuss if should exist any mandatory military

service, especially now with the acts of terrorism happening in the world, this type of

accidents makes people be afraid and sometimes change their point of view if the

military service should or not be mandatory. Another thing that happen is that some

countries change their regime and make the service mandatory to better prepare their

people for the worse that can happen.

 Santos2

LOGAN, DAVID C. “THE Military IN Politics: Political Activity by Service Members

Can Be Risky If It Is Partisan or Divisive.” Naval History, vol. 32, no. 2, Apr. 2018, p.

48. EBSCOhost,

libdb.ojc.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f5h&A

N=128407318&site=eds-live.

This source shows how the military impacts the politic in the U.S., firstly is talked that

the military influence in the U.S politics was always big, that’s nothing new because

since the founding of the republic until roughly Reconstruction, there was significant

overlap between military and political leadership even the many of the Founding

Fathers of the nation moved between the political and military life, and nearly half of

the country's first twenty three presidents held the title of general.

This source shows to that before Second World War some of the military force

didn’t think that they had to be involved in politics some of them though that the

military force should obey the mandates of the president.

After Second World War things changed with people of the military force voting

and being more involved in the politics of the country.

So, this source has as objective show the pass between military and politics in

the US.

Simon, Christopher A., and Nicholas P. Lovrich. “Sources of Support for Mandatory

Military Service in the Context of the War on Terrorism: Survey Evidence Pre- and

Post-September 11, 2001.” Social Science Quarterly (Wiley-Blackwell), vol. 90, no. 2,

June 2009, pp. 368–386. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1111/j.1540-6237.2009.00622.x.

 Santos3

In this article exist the idea of supporting the military service by analyzing so data, but

also indicates that the impact of the war against terrorism has produced a decline in the

support of mandatory military service. This study uses data post 9/11.

Firstly, the article refers the time periods were the mandatory military service happened,

“Draft” as it was called happen during the Civil War and in the First world War and in

the Second World War, although the Selective Service System was in use

for decades after the Second World War it was terminated in 1973.

After that was used a more professionalize military service with the all-volunteer

force (AVF) policy and is the same that are in use nowadays, and this policy are critics

of the mandatory military service, because thing that in the professionalization of the

military service will exist a highly trained, and well-motivated military force in the

United States. But this doesn’t happen that way because the military service continues

to face the problem of less and less people go after a military career.

And another problem that the military service faces in this type o regime is the

fact is that most of the people that AVF recruits are from low socioeconomic status that

are trying to gaining skills that can be used in civilian employment.

But exist some reasons that some schoolers use against the mandatory military

service and one of them is that a mandatory military service is one of the biggest

reasons to armed conflicts.

Albæk, Karsten, et al. “Does Peacetime Military Service Affect Crime?” Scandinavian

Journal of Economics, vol. 119, no. 3, July 2017, pp. 512–540. EBSCOhost,

doi:10.1111/sjoe.12181.
 Santos4

In this article is talked if military service helps raising or decreasing criminal

activity when exist some peace, this study helps understand if a military reform helps or

not the life of post criminals to.

Firstly, the article tries to show that the military life style can give the youth

some tips of how to live in society, they focus how military service teaches about

obedience and discipline, and some of that skills show how a labor market activity is

more attractive than a life in crime. Another thing that is talked about is that A military

lifestyle occupies time, what can help reducing criminal activity.

The article shows a counter idea to the first one, showing that a military can

delay an entry in the labor market making the individual lose opportunities, and worse

of all can also increase the criminal rate because of the training in the use of weapons.

But the final result of the study shows that military service in times of peace

helps reduce criminal activity and helps the youth going out or not entering in a criminal

life.
 Santos5

LOGAN, DAVID C. “THE Military IN Politics: Political Activity by Service Members

Can Be Risky If It Is Partisan or Divisive.” Naval History, vol. 32, no. 2, Apr. 2018, p.

48. EBSCOhost,

libdb.ojc.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f5h&A

N=128407318&site=eds-live.

Simon, Christopher A., and Nicholas P. Lovrich. “Sources of Support for Mandatory

Military Service in the Context of the War on Terrorism: Survey Evidence Pre- and

Post-September 11, 2001.” Social Science Quarterly (Wiley-Blackwell), vol. 90, no. 2,

June 2009, pp. 368–386. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1111/j.1540-6237.2009.00622.x.

Albæk, Karsten, et al. “Does Peacetime Military Service Affect Crime?” Scandinavian

Journal of Economics, vol. 119, no. 3, July 2017, pp. 512–540. EBSCOhost,

doi:10.1111/sjoe.12181