Prepared by Dr Nadir Ali

Nadir.cmc39@gmail.com

STUDY PLAN FOR PAKISTAN

AFFAIRS CSS
*MUSLIM SOCIETY : EVOLUTION, CONDITIONS AND
DOWNFAL*
• Give an account of the evolution of the Muslim society in the sub-continent from 1206
to 1526 A.D. (2000)
• Briefly describe the evolution of Muslim Society in the Subcontinent from 1206
onwards and analyze its downfall after the 17th century. (2001)
• Highlight the factors which played significant role in the evolution and growth of
Muslim Society in Sub Continent? (2014)
• Briefly describe the evolution of Muslim society in the sub-continent. (2002)
• Discuss the role and efforts of Muslim religions leaders for the establishment of Muslim
Society in the Sub-Continent. (2003)
• Critically evaluate the contribution made by missionaries in the growth of Muslim
society in the Sub-continent of Indo-Pak. (2007)
●Discuss critically the role of Silsalah(Orders)in the development and progess of
Muslim society in the Sub-Continent of Indo-Pakistan. (2012)

• Analyze the factors responsible for degeneration of Muslim society in 18th century?
(2004)

• Critically examine the Muslim shift from militancy to education with a special reference
to the educational movements launched during the 19th century in South Asia. (2013)

• Compare the socio-economic and political conditions of the Muslims and non-Muslims
at the advent of British rule in South Asia? (2013)
• Summarize the political scene of the sub continent at the opening of the eighteenth
century (2005)

• Describe the most notable feature of Muslims in India in the light of their monotheistic
religion and egalitarian social structure. (2006)

• Trace the history of the Muslim conquests of present day Pakistan areas highlighting
their contributions in transforming the society and culture. (2013)

* RELIGIOUS REFORMATIVE MOVEMENTS *

SHAH WALIULLAH MOVEMENT
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• Give an account of the life and services of Shah Waliullah. How did he save the Indian
Muslims from political annihilation and religious gedeneration. (2016)
• Shah Waliullah realised "The renaissance of Islam and Muslim Society can not be
affected until the intellectual life of the Muslims is re-oriented." Discuss Critically.
(2010)
• Discuss the salient aspects of Shah Waliullah's Movement and analyze its impact on the
Muslims of the Subcontinent. (2001)

FARAIZI MOVEMENT
• Critically evaluate the contribution of Fraizi Movement in the life of Muslims in the sub
continent (2005)
SHAIKH AHMED SIRHANDI MOVEMENT
• What influence Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi has left on the history of Muslims of India?
Discuss critically. (2008)
• Briefly analyze and discuss the contribution of the religious reforms – Shaik Ahmed
Sirhandi, Shah Walliullah, Syed Ahmed Barelvi and the like – in the growth of Muslim
consciousness in the South-Asian subcontinent. (2011)
ALIGARH MOVEMENT
• The Aligarh movement was a pure educational venture but it had deep impacts on
indian politics .Discuss (2016)
• Aligarh Movement injected a new life in the dead body of the Muslim nation and
helped to regain its lost glory and prestige. Discuss. (2008)
• 'Aligarh is arsenal of Muslim India.' (Quaid-e-Azam) Narrate briefly the role of Aligarh
for the cause of the muslims of the Subcontinent with special reference to the final phase
of their independence? (2004)
• Basically educational in character, the Aligarh Movement was not devoid of political
objectives". Discuss. (2001)
DEOBAND MOVEMENT
• Aligarh and Deoband movements had great contrast in their views and mission and their
leaders were at daggers drawn with each other. Discuss. (2010)
• The Deoband School stood for "definite religio- political goals with limited sphere of
influence." Discuss. (2007)
NADWATUL ULEMAH MOVEMENT
• The Ulemas of Nadwah attempted to make a synthesis of Modernism of Aligarh and
Conversation of Deoband in their syllabus. Discuss. (2002)
KHILAFAT MOVEMENTS
• Khilafat Movement was emotional movement". Discuss (2015)
• Trace the course of Khilafat movement and assess its significance for the development
of Muslim nationalism? (2004)
COMBINED QUESTION
• Keeping in view the diverse Muslim reformist Movements of the subcontinent,
delineate the sequential unity in the formulation of the ideology of Pakistan. (2009)
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* FOUNDING FATHERS *
SIR SYED AHMED KHAN
• "Sir Syed Ahmad Khan was in no way pro-British." Agree or disagree, answer with
arguments. (2015)
• Evaluate the impact of the services rendered by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan towards the
regeneration of the Muslims?(2014)
●Sir Syed Ahmad Khan believed in "Trinity of ideas" i.e loyalty,devotion and
aloofness".Discuss it in perspective of his reformation movement. (2012)
• What specific steps were initiated by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan which later on became the
agenda points of the movement for Pakistan? How did these steps orient the Political
system in Pakistan? (2009)
• State the reasons Sir Syed advanced to the Indian Muslims to eschew politics. To what
extent he was successful? (2002)
ALLAMA IQBAL:
● Critically evaluate the foundations of Allaha Iqbal’s Concept of Muslim separatism in
the context of Indo-Pak Subcontinent (2018)
• Examine Allama Iqbal’s concept of Muslim Nationalism in the light of Allahabad
Address (2005)
• Short Note: Allama Iqbal. (2001)
QUAID-E-AZAM:
• How far is it correct to say Quaid-i-Azam consolidated the nascent state of Pakistan?
Comment. (2010)
• Illustrate the role of Quaid-e-Azam for protecting the constitutional rights of Muslims
of the subcontinent from 1916-1933? (2009)
COMBINED
• John Plamentaz defines ‘Nationalism’ as “the desire to preserve or enhance peoples
national or cultural identity, when that identity is threatened or the desire to transform or
even create it when it is felt to be inadequate or lacking.” In the light of above definition,
briefly but comprehensively discuss the respective role played by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan,
Allama Iqbal and the Quaid-e-Azam in strengthening the Muslim nationalism in India.
(2011)

*TWO NATION THEORY AND IDEOLOGY OF

PAKISTAN*
• Jinnah in his presidential address to the annual session of All India Muslim League in
March 1940 said "The problem in india is not of an inter-communal character, but
manifestly of an international one, and it must be treated as such." Write note on the Two
Nation Theory and the Lahore Resolution of March 1940 in the light of this statement.
(2016)
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• Separation of East Pakistan, though a tragic part of history of Pakistan, was not the
negation of Two nation theory". Comment (2015)

●Before passing Lahore resolution(Pakistan Resolution)the division of Indian Sub-

Continent was advocated by various thinkers,intellectuals and reformers.Discuss. (2012)
• Elucidate Ideology of Pakistan. What are the reasons which contributed for the
development of two-nation-theory? Is two-nation-theory relevant after the fall of Dacca?
Discuss. (2007)
• Discuss the ideological foundations of the Two Nations Theory with reference to the
contributions of Dr. Iqbal and the Quaid-i-Azam. (2003)
• There is an “unbridgeable gulf between Hinduism and Islam and their followers existed
together in the same land for hundreds of years like two streams which continue to un
parallel to each other indefinitely, without ever becoming one body of water”. Elucidate.
(2002)

* PAKISTAN MOVEMENT PRE-PARTITION

POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS *
• "It was over-reaction of Hindus to the partition of the Bengal in 1905 that widened the
gulf between Muslims and Hindus". Comment (2015)
• "The Simla Deputation, 1906 laid the foundation for the creation of Pakistan"
Substantiate your view point with solid arguments. (2014)
• Minto Morely Reform was a "tool of change" in the political system of India. Discuss it
with special reference to the demands of Simla Deputation. (2007)

• Critically analyze the elections of 1937 and the sufferings and grievances of the
Muslims under the Congress rule in the provinces (1937-1939). how much did it help in
popularizing the idea of a separate Muslim state in India? (2016)
• ‘Between 1937-1947 congress policies were such as to make Pakistan inevitable',
Discuss. (2004)
• Examine the nature of Congress rule in the Provinces under the Government of India
Act, 1935. What was its impact on the Muslim Politics? (2003)

• Describe the main content and relative importance of the Lucknow Pact and Delhi
Muslim Proposals and their respective impact on the subsequent political development in
India.(2011)
• Quaid-e-Azam was the ambassador of “Hindu-Muslim Unity”. Discuss it in perspective
of Lukhnow Pact and what future vision depicted from the pact? (2008)
• Make a critical comparison of the Nehru Report and the Quaid-e-Azam's Fourteen
Points. (2001)

• Evaluate the policies of the Cripps Mission. To what extent were these policies
favorable for the Muslims of the sub-continent? (2000)
Prepared by Dr Nadir Ali
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• The proposals of “Cabinet Mission” (1946) could defer the establishment of Pakistan, if
accepted by Muslim League. Evaluate Critically. (2008)
● Discuss the 3rd June plan or Mountbatten Plan and also describe how it was
implemented? (2018)

• Account for emergence of All India Muslim League and assess its importance in Indian
politics during 1906-1913? (2004)

* FREEDOM MOVEMENT *
• Briefly describe the genuine factors which were responsible for the demand of separate
homeland by the Muslims of the Sub Continent. (2014)
• Can the Lahore Resolution be termed as the ‘Magna Carta’ of Pakistan? Take a position
and support your argument by historical facts, if any. (2011)
• Analyze the significance of Lahore Resolution in the History of freedom movement.
(2000)
• What was the contribution of the Muslim Press in the struggle of creation of Pakistan?
Examine the role of prominent Muslim journalists in this regard. (2013)
• Compare and contrast the dynamics of recent Civil Society Movement with other
movements in the history of Pakistan? What impact would it print on Future of Pakistan?
(2009)
• Discuss the role of Muslim Majority provinces in the establishment of Pakistan. (2006)
• Short Note: Chaudhri Rehmat (2001)

* POST-PARTITION CHALLENGES *
• Assess the account for the problems which Quaid-e-Azam had to face as Governor
General of Pakistan (2006)
• As a result of British-Hindu conspiracy on the eve of independence the State of Pakistan
which ultimately emerged in August 1947, was not so strong as visualized by the Quaid-
e-Azam but only a "mutilated", “moth-eaten” and "truncated" Pakistan. Elucidate. (2003)
• To what extent the version of Francis Mudie was true that “the greatest danger” to
Pakistan in 1947 was "the refugee problem in West Punjab" and how did the Policy-
makers of Pakistan respond to it? (2003)
• The Quaid-e-Azam was against the performance of “a surgical operation” on the
provinces because such a step would be a dangerous proposition and would “let loose
terrible forces”. In the light of the statement, discuss the division of the Punjab and
Bengal. (2002)
Prepared by Dr Nadir Ali
Nadir.cmc39@gmail.com

* CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUES *
●The "Objective Resolution"(1949) satisfied both orthodox and modernists by combining
the features of Western and Islamic democracy.Discuss critically. (2012)
• Short Note: Objective resolution (2004)
• Short Note: The salient features of the Constitution of 1956. (2000)
• The Constitution of Pakistan (1973) is the “mouth piece of Islam”. Discuss. (2008)

• Give a critical appraisal of the constitutional crises/crises initiated by the controversial

actions taken by Governor General Ghulam Muhammad and endorsed by the superior
Court of Pakistan. Discuss and analyze its effects on the subsequent history of Pakistan.
(2011)
• Give a critical appraisal of the constitutional crisis during the period of Governor
General Ghulam Mohammad. Write its effects on the subsequent history of Pakistan.
(2000)
• Muhammad Ali Formula was practicable compromise between the two wings of
Pakistan on the questions of representation.” To what extent, it was acceptable to both the
wings of Pakistan? (2003)
• Why ONE-UNIT was created and subsequently abolished? Explain. (2002)

• Discuss the role of the judiciary in the constitutional development of Pakistan? (2017)

• Through Allama Iqbal’s writings and views of Quaid-i-Azam explain their conceptual
understanding about the Islamic state. Do you agree that their vision found some place
while explaining the constitutional developments throughout the case of Pakistan’s
political history? (2013)

* ISSUES OF FEDERATION *
● Discuss the nature of centre-province relations under the 1973 constitution (2018)
• Federalism has been a continuing cause of political tension in our country. Will the 18th
amendment made in the constitution by the present Government solve this issue for all?
Take a position and support with your argument. (2011)
• "Pakistan is a federation in form and unitary in spirit." Discuss it keeping in view the
strengths and weakness of Federation of Pakistan. (2007)
• Local government system under the "Devolution of Power Plan 2001" has miserably
failed in delivering service to the masses. . Discuss. (2007)

* EAST PAKISTAN DEBACLE *

• Analyze the main causes of the debacle of East Pakistan. What are its consequences on
the history of Pakistan? (2000)
Prepared by Dr Nadir Ali
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• Short Note: Six points of Mujeeb ur Rehman (2004)

* POLITICS AFTER INDEPENDENCE *

● Describe the political system of Pakistan. Which form of government is suitable to
make country politically stable? (2018)
• How general election in 2002, 2008 and 2013 strengthened democracy in Pakistan?
(2017)
ISLAMIZATION
• Give critical analysis of steps taken for Islamization in Pakistan since 1947. (2014)
• Was Islamization during Zia Era a need of the time, or was it Political propaganda?
(2015)
• Elucidate the difficulties in establishment of an Islamic order in Pakistan after
independence. (2013)
• Throw light on the steps taken under various Governments for the promulgation of
Islamic system in the country? (2004)
• Write a comprehensive essay on the promulgation of Islamic system in Pakistan with
special reference to the role played by the Ulema in the process. (2001)
MILITARY IN POLITICS
• Referring to the evolution of Political System, identify the commonalities among the
martial law administrators of Pakistan? (2009)
• Why military of Pakistan intervened in Pakistan's politics? What is the role of the
present leadership to de-politicize army? Give specific measures. (2010)
JUDICIARY
• What is “Judicial Activism”? Has it brought Pak-Judiciary in the state of morality in the
recent past? Give suggestion for the independence of Judiciary. (2008)
OTHER
• What is meant by National Reconciliation? What are it's ingredients? Can we equate
National Reconciliation with National Reconciliation Ordinance? (2010)

* INTRODUCTION TO PAKISTAN *
GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION AND NATURAL RESOURCES
• Pakistan can become one of the richest countries of the world, if we make best use of
our natural resources." Elaborate in the light of present situation of the Country. (2014)
• Short Note: "Pakistan is a rich country where poor people live." (2003)

●The location of Pakistan has given the strategic strength to the State.What are its
physical features and narrate its advantages and dis-advantages. (2012)
• Political map of Pakistan is the outcome of its geo-strategic location. Give a reasoned
account for the statement. (2006)
• Define and explain the geographic inertia and its role in the development of Pakistan
(2005)
• Short Note: Geo-Political position of Pakistan. (2003)
CULTURAL
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• Pakistan's national culture reflects unity in diversity .Elaborate (2017)
• Briefly discuss the main features of the cultural heritage of Pakistan. (2015)
• Highlight the various characteristics of Pakistani culture. Bring out the importance of
customs and traditions in the society. (2006)

* ISSUES AND PROBLEMS OF PAKISTAN *

INDUSTRY
• Pakistan's industry is providing jobs to various categories of workers and is earning
foreign exchange for the country. Comment. (2010)
• What are principal industries of Pakistan and what problems Government of Pakistan is
facing for its industrial development? (2008)
• Describe the distribution of Iron and Steel industry of Pakistan. Evaluate its role in the
industrial development of the country (2006)
• Account for the initial concentration of agro based industry in the manufacturing belt of
Pakistan (2005)
• What are the problems of industrialization in Pakistan? How they can be solved? (2002)
AGRICULTURE
•In spite of strong research base, rich lands, reasonable water resources and various land
reforms why agriculture remained less developed in Pakistan.? (2009)
• Summarize the government measures to improve the agricultural productivity in the
light of introducing new irrigation projects (2006)
WATER CRISIS
• “The twentieth century witnessed the war for oil. The twenty-first century will witness
the war for water”. Examine the practical implications of this statement on situation of
Pakistan. (2013)
• Using as much evidence as possible, outline a case for the development of water
resources in the Indus Basin. Examine also polity in this phenomenon. (2005)
• What do you know about water crisis in Pakistan? Also suggest concrete steps for its
solution. (2004)
• Short Note: Kalabagh Dam. (2001)
ENERGY CRISIS
• Explore the option of alternative energy resource to overcome energy crisis in Pakistan
(2017).
EDUCATION
• Enumerate the measures adopted by HEC for promotion of higher education and
qualitative research in Pakistan (2017)
• Short Note: Problems of Educational System in Pakistan (2003)
CORRUPTION
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• Discuss Corruption as number one problem of Pakistan. What practicable and feasible
steps should be taken to eradicate this menace. (2000) UNEMPLOYMENT
• Short Note: Unemployment in Pakistan. (2000)
POPULATION EXPLOSION
• "Population explosion in Pakistan is emerging as the greatest threat to the economy of
Pakistan". Comment. (2014)
• Write an analytical essay on the growth of population in Pakistan after Independence
and underscore its effects on the country's socioeconomic climate. (2001)
SECURITY CHALLENGES
● Define non-state actors. ‘Non-state actors are posing more threat to Pakistan’s national
security than threats from external state actors’. Argue in favour or against (2018)
NATIONAL INTEGRATION
●There is crisis of National integration in Pakistan since its creation. What measures do
you suggest for the promotion of national integration of Pakistan (2018)
BALOCHISTAN ISSUE
• Write a note on Balochistan; its area, population, economy, education and the problems
of the people. (2000)
• Compare and contrast the resistance movement of East Pakistan with the present
movement of Baluchistan. Suggest remedies. (2010)
COMBINED
• Given the problems that Pakistan is facing today, what is your vision of Pakistan in the
year 2011? How, in your opinion, can be its internal and external problems solved?
(2011)

* PAKISTAN AND WORLD *

FOREIGN POLICY:
● Dicuss the changing trends in Pakistan-US relations since 2001 (2018)
• Write note on the post 9/11 foreign policy of Pakistan. What role do you forsee for
Pakistan in regional and global politics on the near future? (2016)
• Address the importance of Pakistan’s relations with the European Union for the foreign
policy of Pakistan as a whole (2005)
●What are the security concerns of Pakistan? Suggest some measures by revisiting the
foreign policy of Pakistan. (2012)
WAR ON TERROR
• Critically evaluate the role of Pakistan in "The War on Terror". (2015)
• Discuss and debate the diplomatic stance of Pakistan regarding “war on terror “. How
can it be improvised in the current geo-political situation? (2009)
• Short Note: Pakistan's role in the war against terrorism. (2004)
AFGHAN WAR
• 'The US attack on Afghanistan in October 2001 has had serious repercussions for
Pakistan". Discuss. (2001)
• Write note on the Afghan War since 1979 and its ipact on Pakistan. How far the
emergence of the "Non-State Actors" and Non-Traditional Security Threats in Pakistan
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can be attributed to the decades-long warfare in Afghanistan? (2016)
KASHMIR ISSUE
• Discuss the Kashmir problem in its entirety; throwing light on its background and
prospects of possible solutoions to this core issue between india and Pakistan. (2016)
• The so-called 'Instrument of Accession' of Bharat with Kashmir "is fraudulent and
impossible to accept" as it is "based on violence". In the light of the Quaid-e-Azams
statement makes a comparison and correlation of the Slate of Jammu and Kashmir with
the State of Junagadh, Manavadhar, Mangrol, Sardargarh, Bantva and Hyderabad etc.
(2003)
●The Indian Policy on Kashmir is caught on the horns of a dilemma and that dilemma is
that if it accepts the verdict of the people, it has to vacate the territory of state of
Junagarh, Manavadhar, Mangrol, Hyderabad etc. Explain. (2002)
• Short Note: Kashmir conflict. (2001)

OTHER
• Explore the significance of Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) for Pakistan?
(2017)
• CPEC is flagship project of one Belt One road (CBOR)and a regional game changer.
explain (2017).
* MISCELLANEOUS *
●What is bureaucracy and what are its charactersitics?How did it play its role in
strengthening and integration of Pakistan? (2012)