ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING- II

QUESTION BANK
UNIT 01- collection and converyance of sewage
1) Calculate the velocity bof flow and corresponding discharge in a sewer of a circular section of 1 in 500.
The sewer runs at 0.6 depth. Using Manning’s formula, taking N = 0.012
2) Short Note : a) Pumping station
3) Under what circumstances sewage pumping stations are provided ?
4) Find the minimum velocity and gradient required to transport coarse sand through a sewer of 60cm dia.
With sand particles of 1mm dia. And specific gravity 2.66. Assume =0.06 and £ = 0.02. Assume the
sewer to run half full. Take N = 0.02
5) What is dry weather flow ? Explain any four facters affecting dry weather flow.
6) Determine the size of a circular sewer for discharge of 1000 liters per second running half full. Assume
s = 0.001 and N = 0.013.
7) Differentiate between conservancy and water carriage system.
8) Short Note : Types of sewer.
UNIT 02- Unit Operation
1) Draw a typical flow diagram of sewage treatment plant and explain the functions of each unit.
2) The BOD of a sewage incubated for one day at 300c has been found to be 100 mg/lit. What will be the
5-day 200c BOD. Assume k = 0.12 (base 10) at 200c ?
3) Differentiate between low rate (conventional) and high rate trickling filter.
4) Design a conventional ASP for following data : (M18-5m)
i) Population = 1,50,000
ii) Sewage flow = 160 lpcd
iii) Raw Sewage BOD = 200mg/lit
iv) Effluent BOD = 15mg/lit
v) BOD removal in PST = 30%
vi) F/M = 0.2
vii) MLSS = 3000mg/lit
viii) SVI = 100.
5) 6 ml of wastewater is diluted to 300ml distilled water in standard BOD bottle. Initial DO in the bottle is
determined to be 8.5mg/lit. DO after 5 days at 200c is found to be 5mg/lit. Determine BOD5 of
wastewater and compute the ultimate BOD.
6) Enlist modifications in ASP. Also explain any one modification in detail.
7) The MLSS concentration in an aeration tank is 2000 mg/lit. and sludge volume after 30 minutes o
fsettling in a 100 ml graduated cylinder is 176 ml. Calculate : i) SVI ii) SDI iii) Required return
sludge ratio iv) SS concentration in the re circulated sludge.
8) Units of a wastewater treatment flowsheet are shown below : Anaerobic digester – grit chamber – SST
– PST – screen chamber – sludge thickner – aeration tank – chlorine contact tanks – sludge drying
beds.
Arrange above units in correct logical sequence by drawing a neat flow diagram (including re
circulation, energy recovery etc). and tabulate function of each unit.
9) Calculate BOD at 370c for sewage sample whose standard BOD is 100mg/lit. Take k = 0.1/day.
(Base10)
10) Explain w .r. to Activated sludge process (ASP).
11) Design a circular sedimentation tank to treat domestic sewage of the city of population 60,000. The
average demand of the city is 180 lpcd. Assume 70% of water reaches the plant. Maximum demand is
2.7 times the average demand.
12) Which equation is used in design of HRTF ? Write the equation for two stage filter and explain
meaning of each and every term.
13) Short Note : a) Types of screen chamber.
14) The 5- day BOD at 200c of waste water is found to be 200mg/lit. Taking K1 as 0.15/day, estimate the
ultimate BOD. Also determine the 8 day BOD value at 150c.
15) Calculate the size of single stage high rate trickling filter for the following data :
Flow = 0.4 mLD,
Recirculation ratio = 1 : 4
BOD of raw sewage = 280mg/lit
BOD removal in primary settling tank = 35%
BOD final effluest = 50mg/lit.
16) short note : a) grit chamber b) Trickling filter
17) Draw a flow sheet for domestic wastewater treatment plant with ASP as secondary biological
treatment. Mention function of each unit shown in your flow sheet.
18) Design a circular PST for following data :
i) population = 60,000 ii) water supply rate = 160lpcd ii) Peals factor = 3.
19) What is SVI ? What is its unit ? How is it determined ? Derive relation for recirculation ratio (r) by
using concept of SVI.
20) Discuss operational problems in trickling filters.
21) A continuous flow completely stirred ASP is designed with following data
i) Flow rate = 2150m3/day ii) Influent BOD5 = 230 mg/lit iii) Effluent BOD5 = 20mg/lit iv) MLSS =
2400 mg/lit v) MCRT = 10days vi) Y = 0.65 and Kd = 0.05.
Find a) Reactor volume b) F/M ratio c) Oxygen requirement
22) Design of PST.
23) Short Note : i) Disposal of screening and grit
UNIT 03- Anaerobic Treatment and low cost treatment
1) Explain sludge treatment and disposal with a neat flow chart.
2) Short Note : a) Design of septic tank b) Oxidation Ditch
3) Short Note a) Design of septic tank by rational method b) steps in anaerobic diagestion process c)
Bacteria algal symbiosis in oxidation ponds
4) Design a septic tank for 100 users.
5) Short Note : a) sludge drying beds b) RBC
6) Write advantages disadvantages of stabilization pond.
7) Short Note : i) Anaerobic pond ii) Sludge digestion
UNIT 04- Disposal of wastewater
1) Explain with a neat sketch ‘Zones of pollution of stream.’
2) Using the following data, find out DO at the end of 1 and 2 days, also find critical DO Take
deoxygenation constant as 0.1/day, reoxygenation constant as 0.3/day and saturation DO as 9.1mg/lit.
River Wastewater
3
Flow (m /s) 25 2
DO (mg/lit) 9.1 0
 5-day BOD (mg/lit) 2 200
3) Short Note : a) Advantages of decentralized sewage treatment plant. B) Actions involved in self-
purification
4) Explain with neat sketch De oxygenation and re oxygenation curves.
5) A stream saturated with DO, has a flow of 1.2m3/s, BOD of 4mglit, and rate constant of 0.3 per day. It
receives an effluent discharge of 0.25m3/sec. having BOD 20mg/lit, DO 5mg/lit and rate constant
0.13per day. The average velocity of flow of the stream is 0.18m/sec. Calculate the DO deficit at point
20km throughout and BOD is measured at 5 days. Take saturation DO at 200c as 9.17 mg/lit.
6) Write advantages and disadvantages of decentralized wastewater treatment system.
7) i) Differen tiate between centralized and decentralized wastewater treatment systems. Draw concept
sketches.
8) Using following data find out properties of resultant mix.
River Wastewater
Flow (m3/sec) 0.7 0.231
DO (mg/lit) 8.2 2.0
BOD5 (mg/lit) 3.4 45
Temperature (0c) 23 26
State whether you can find out pH of mix by using the formula that you have used to find DO, BOD and
temperature of mix. If answer is no, why ?
9) A town discharges 80m3/sec of sewage into a stream having a rate of flow 1200m3/sec. 5-day BOD of
sewage is 250mg/lit. Find tc, Dc and xc if DOsat at 200c is 9.2 mg/lit for river water Take k1=0.1/day
and k2 = 0.35/day(Both values are to the base 10). Assume velocity of river water = 0.12m/sec
10) A river saturated with DO, has flow of 30m3/sec, BOD of 3mg/lit and re oxygenation constant of
0.3/day. It receives a wastewater. Discharge of 2m3/sec having BOD of 210 mg/lit, DO 4mg/lit and de
oxygenation constant 0.13/day. Calculate DO deficit at the end of 1 day and 2 day. Assume that
temperature is 200c throughout and BOD is measured at 5 days. Take saturation DO at 200c is
9.17mg/lit.
UNIT 05- Unit Operation
1) Explain functional elements of solid waste management.
2) Short Note : a) composting b) composting by trenching method of composting.
3) Enlist different composting methods and explain ‘Indore method’ of composting.
4) Classify solid wastes based on types.
5) What is hazardous waste ? How it is defined with the help of four characteristics ? Explain.
6) Classify solid waste based on sources.
7) Short Note : a) Banglore method composting
8) Explain with neat sketch the operations involved in mechanical composting
9) Explain advantages and disadvantages of incineration
10) Short Note : a) Indore method of composting.
UNIT 06- Air Pollution
1) Explain with a neat sketch ‘structure of atmosphere’.
2) Define air pollution and give classification of air pollutants.
3) Explain the working of fabric filters.
4) Explain the principle and working of settling chamber with neat sketch.
5) Explain with a neat sketch working of cyclone chamber.
6) Define air pollution. Give NAAQS for PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and CO.
7) Define : i) Positive lapse rate ii) stratosphere iii) Inversion.
8) Short Note : a) Acid rain b) ESP
9) Explain the principle and working of electrostatic precipitator with neat sketch.
10) Short Note : classification of air polutants