MATH1052 Second Semester 2007

Problem Sheet 7

No questions are to be handed in, but questions marked * give a good selection.
The tutorials will be used to give hints and assistance with tackling these problems.

1. Use Lagrange Multipliers to find the maximum and minimum values of f (x, y) subject to
the given constraints.

*(a) f (x, y) = 3x − 2y, x2 + 2y 2 = 44

(b) f (x, y, z) = x2 − 2y + 2z 2 , x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 1
(c) f (x, y) = x2 − 8x + y 2 − 12y + 48, x+y =8

2. The Cobb-Douglas Production function estimates the production of a business as a function

of labour (x) and capital (equipment etc.) (y).
Suppose that for a particular manufacturer the Production function is

P (x, y) = 100x0.25 y 0.75 .

If the total cost of labour, at $48 per unit, and capital, at $36 per unit, is limited to $100,000,
then
g(x, y) = 48x + 36y = 100, 000 .

Maximise the production P (x, y) subject to the total cost g(x, y) = 100, 000.

*3. If a rocket is fired at an angle of 30◦ to the horizontal, with velocity 500 m/s, when will the
rocket hit the ground? How far from the launch pad will it hit the ground? What is the
maximum height reached by the rocket?

4. Suppose you throw a ball at an angle of 45◦ to the horizontal with a velocity of 20 m/s.
Find an equation which describes the curve the ball traces out in space.

5. Find the equilibrium solutions and draw a slope field for the following differential equations.
. dy
Note that y = .
dt
.
(a) y = 2y(1 − y)
.
(b) y = t + y
.
(c) y = 4 − y
.
*(d) y = (y + 1)(y − 2)(y − 3)/2

6. Stewart 4th (or 5th) Edition: Section 10.2, questions 3–6.

7) Use Euler’s method to approximate the value of y at x = 1 on the solution curve to the
dy 1
differential equation = x3 − y 3 that passes through (0,0). Use 4x = (i.e. 5 steps).
dx 5
8) Use Euler’s Method to solve:
dB
= 0.05B
dt
with initial value B=1000 when t = 0. Take
(a) 4t = 1 and 1 step (b) 4t = 0.5 and 2 steps (c) 4t = 0.25 and 4 steps.