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College of Science
University of the Philippines
Diliman, Quezon City
Course Description Fundamentals of thermodynamics, relativity, quantum mechanics, and elementary particles
The course aims to develop the students’ physical intuition and ability to systematically solve a wide variety of
Course Goal
problems on the fundamentals of thermodynamics, relativity, quantum mechanics, and elementary particles.
3 Long Examinations 60 %
Course Final Examination 20 %
Requirements Recitation Grade 10 %
Lecture Grade (i.e. Attendance/Quiz) 10 %
Name:
Faculty Room:
Teacher
Consultation Schedule:
Email:
COURSE POLICIES:
Grading System
1. The three (3) long exams and the final exam are all departmental and to be taken at the
scheduled date and time. There is NO exemption in the final exam. grade(%) ≥ 90.00 1.0
2. You should have an ID before the first long exam. Physics 73 maintains a NO ID NO 90.00 > grade(%) ≥ 85.00 1.25
EXAM policy. 85.00 > grade(%) ≥ 80.00 1.5
3. In case of one (1) missed long exam for a valid reason, the score that the student got for the
80.00 > grade(%) ≥ 75.00 1.75
final exam will be used as the score for the missed long exam. (Submit your medical
certificate on the following class meeting.) 75.00 > grade(%) ≥ 70.00 2.0
4. There is NO makeup for the final exam. A student who misses the final exam will be given a 70.00 > grade(%) ≥ 65.00 2.25
grade of incomplete (INC) provided that (a) the student missed the exam due to a valid 65.00 > grade(%) ≥ 60.00 2.5
reason, and (b) the student’s class standing excluding the final exam is passing (i.e, pre-final 60.00 > grade(%) ≥ 55.00 2.75
grade is 40% or better). If the student gets lower than 40%, automatically he/she gets a grade 55.00 > grade(%) ≥ 50.00 3.0
of “5.0” [1]. Completion period is within one year. For completion, the student has to take the 50.00 > grade(%) ≥ 45.00 4.0
final exam the next semester. Completion grade will be computed based on the class record 45.00 > grade(%) 5.0
for the enrolled term and the final exam score. This means that a numerical grade of 1.0 to
5.0 is possible.
5. A grade of 4.0 means conditional and that you will have to take the removal exam within a year.
6. As per university rule, a student’s absences should not exceed 12 meetings (recitation class included). If violated, the instructor will give
a zero lecture grade (i.e. zero out of 10%).
7. There is NO FORCED DROP. The lecturer will only give the student a grade of DRP upon receiving the processed dropping or Leave of
Absence (LOA) form. Otherwise, a grade of 5.0 is given.
8. The deadline for dropping is on September 6, 2007 (Thursday) and for filing LOA is on September 20, 2007 (Thursday). A student
granted an LOA will only be given a grade of either DRP or 5.0. A grade of 5.0 is given if the LOA is granted after ¾ of the semester
has lapsed and the student's class standing is failing; otherwise a grade of DRP is given.
9. Cheating is punishable by expulsion from the University.
COURSE COVERAGE
Describe a simple model for the linear and bulk expansion of objects upon absorption of heat.
1 hour Thermal Expansion
Calculate for the expansion of solids due to changes in temperature.
Enumerate and differentiate the three ways thermal energy may be transferred.
Mechanisms of Heat
1 hour Describe emissivity and blackbodies.
Transfer
Solve for heat current in conduction and radiation.
Differentiate the heat capacities of an ideal gas for the various processes. Dulong-Petit Law
1 hour
Illustrate how the heat capacity of a solid is calculated using the equipartition theorem.
Phases of Matter
Discuss failure of equipartition theorem. (reading assignment)
2
Calculate for the internal energy of an ideal gas using the equipartition theorem.
Discuss significance and limitation of equipartition theorem.
Illustrate the use of phase diagrams to describe physical state of substances.
Define a thermodynamic system for a given physical set-up and describe the type of boundary. Thermodynamic
Systems
Identify the system-environment interactions from the boundary.
1 hour
Interpret PV diagrams of a thermodynamic process. Work Done During
Compute the work done using PV diagrams. Volume Changes
Explain mathematical and physical significance of internal energy as a state function. First Law of
Solve for thermodynamic quantities using the conservation of energy. Thermodynamics
Differentiate the following basic thermodynamic processes: isochoric, isobaric, isothermal, Internal Energy as State
adiabatic and a cyclic process. Function
2 hours Write down the first law equations for the said processes.
Thermodynamic
Differentiate heat capacities of an ideal gas for various processes. Processes
Solve for the change in internal energy, work and heat transferred for the said processes.
Solve for the thermodynamic variables of one state given the thermodynamic variables of Internal Energy of an
another state. Ideal Gas
State the Kelvin and Clausius statements and explain the physical motivation for such
statements. Second Law of
1 hour
Use the statements to explain certain physical phenomena. Thermodynamics
State the Heat engine form of the 2nd law and illustrate meaning using ERM and efficiency.
State the Refrigerator form of the 2nd law and illustrate meaning using COP and efficiency.
3
Enumerate conditions necessary for a reversible process to take place.
Develop an equivalent reversible process for a given irreversible process.
Reversible and
Illustrate irreversibility in natural processes.
Irreversible Processes
1 hour Describe the Carnot cycle (enumerate the processes consisting the cycle as well as illustrate the
cycle on a PV diagram). Carnot Cycle
State Carnot’s theorem and use it to calculate maximum possible efficiency of a real engine.
Explain how reversible cycles are used to design a substance-independent thermometer scale.
Mathematically describe entropy for reversible processes and cite consequences of entropy
being a state function.
Solve for entropy changes for various processes: isothermal process, free expansion, inelastic
collision, constant pressure process, heat conduction, Carnot cycle
Entropy
State 2nd Law in terms of entropy of the universe and explain significance for naturally
occurring processes.
2 hours Useful Work
Differentiate ‘useful’ from ‘useless’ forms of energy. Calculate for amount of ‘lost’ work using
change in entropy. Order and Disorder
Differentiate macroscopic from microscopic interpretation of entropy and illustrate their
equivalence as well as use in explaining various physical phenomena.
Describe ‘order’ and ‘disorder’ in terms of the number of available (i.e. accessible) microstates
for a given macrostate.
Events and
Define an event and describe how measurements are taken in an inertial frame. Measurements
1 hour Define the interval and differentiate it from the Euclidean notion of distance.
Relate measurements of an event in one inertial frame with another inertial frame. Invariance of the
Interval
Draw the space-time axis of a given inertial frame and the world lines of all events relative to
this inertial frame. World Lines and
1 hour
Interpret physical meaning of space-time diagrams. Spacetime Diagrams
Relate geometric measurements with relativistic concepts.
Clock Synchronization
1 hour Describe synchronization of two clocks relative to inertial observers. and Simultaneity
Velocity
1 hour Transformation
Given a physical situation involving relativistic motion, apply Lorentz velocity transformation
4
to draw qualitative and quantitative conclusions regarding the velocities relative to inertial
reference frames.
Lorentz Transformation
Relate Galilean and Lorentz transformations with the Einstein’s Postulates.
2 hours Given a physical situation involving relativistic motion, apply definitions of proper time and Time Dilation
proper length to draw qualitative and quantitative conclusions regarding the length, time
interval and relative velocities.
Length Contraction
Given a physical situation involving relativistic motion, apply relativistic Doppler effect to draw
qualitative and quantitative conclusions regarding frequency and velocity. Relativistic Doppler
1 hour
Effect
Relativistic Momentum
Calculate the relativistic momentum and total energy of a particle given its rest mass and speed.
Relativistic Work and
2 hours Determine the velocity and rest energy of a system after an inelastic collision. Energy
Explain the consequences of Einstein’s General Relativity.
General Relativity
Explain what a wave function is and illustrate its significance in determining all physically Wave Function
measurable quantities in a quantum system.
3 hours
Solve for the probability of occurrence of a classical event. Probability and
Solve for the mean and variance of some classical distributions. Normalization
5
Solve for the expectation value of some measurables (esp. position and variance) given the
wave function of a quantum system. Expectation Values
Schrodinger Equation
Illustrate how the wavefunction of a system may be derived using the Schrödinger’s Equation
for the following systems: Free Particle, Infinite Well, Finite Well, Harmonic Oscillator, and Applications of
Coulombic Potential. Schrödinger Equation
Differentiate the wavefunctions of the systems mentioned above.
3 hours Enumerate the properties of a physically realizable wavefunction. Energy Quantization
Show how bound quantum systems have quantized energy levels and solve for the ground state
energy.
Wave Function and the
Draw and interpret probability density plots. Probability Density
Deduce the most probable values of dynamical variables from the probability density plot.
Show how degeneracy arises in quantum systems of more than one dimension.
Generate the possible quantum states of a system by listing down the corresponding quantum Schrödinger’s Equation
1 hour
numbers. in Three Dimensions
Solve for the energy levels and determine which ones are degenerate.