THEORIST THEORY MODEL/FRAMEWORK MAJOR CONCEPTS OTHER

MAN/PERSON HEALTH ENVIRONMENT NURSING CONCEPTS

MYRA THE Person is described as holistic being; wholeness is integrity. WHOLENES Environment is Nursing is the WHOLENESS
ESTRIN CONSERVATIO Integrity means that the person has freedom of choice and movement. S (HOLISM) - “where we are application of the (HOLISM) -
N MODEL The person has a sense of identity and self-worth. “Whole, constantly and “Whole,
LEVINE Levine also described person as a “system of systems, and is the health, hale actively involved.”
four conservation health, hale are
by Karen Moore wholeness expresses the organization of all the contributing parts.” are all The person and his principles when all derivation
Schaefer Persons experience life as change through adaptation with the goal of derivation of or her relationship to caring for clients: of the Anglo-
conservation. According to Levine, “The life process is the process of the Anglo- the environment is  Energy Saxon word
changes.” Saxon word what counts. Levine Conservation hal.”
hal.” also views each ADAPTATION
Levine based individual as having
 Conservation - “Adaptation
her use of his or her own of Structural is a process of
wholeness on environment, both Integrity change wherby
Erikson's internally and  Conservation the individual
description of externally. Nurses of Personal retain his
wholeness as can relate the integrity within
an open internal environment
Integrity the realities of
system. as the physiological  Conservation his or her
Levine quotes and of Social external
Erikson, who pathophysiological Integrity environment.”
states, aspects of the Conservation
“Wholeness patient. Levine uses is the outcome.
emphasizes Bates' definition of Some
the sound, the external adaptations are
organic, environment and successful and
progressive, suggests three levels: some are not.
mutuality (1) perceptual, (2) Adaptation is a
between operational, and (3) matter of
diversified conceptual. These degree, not an
functions and levels give all-or-nothing
parts within an dimension to the process. There
entirety, the interactions between is no such
boundaries of individuals and their things as
which are environments. The maladaptation.
open and perceptual level Levine speaks
fluent.” includes the aspect of three
Levine of the world that characteristics
believed that individuals are able of adaptation:
Erikson's to intercept and (1) historicity,
definition set interpret with their (2) specificity,
up the option sense organs. The and (3)
of exploring operational level redundancy.
the part of the contains things that Levine states,
whole to affect individual's “. . . every
understand the physically although species has
whole. they could not fixed patterns
Integrity directly perceive of responses
means the them, such as uniquely
oneness of the microorganisms. At designed to
individuals, the conceptual level, ensure success
emphasizing the environment is in essential life
that they constructed from activities,
respond in an cultural patterns, demonstrating
integrated, characterized by a that adaptation
singular spiritual is both
fashion to historical and
environmental specific.” In
challenges. addition,
adaptive
patterns may
be hidden in
the individual's
ENVIRONMENT - genetic code.
Environment is Redundancy
“where we are represents the
constantly and fail-safe
actively involved.” options
The person and his available to
or her relationship to individuals to
the environment is ensure
what counts. Levine adaptation.
also views each Loss of
individual as having redundant
his or her own choices either
environment, both through
internally and trauma, age,
externally. Nurses disease, or
can relate the environmental
internal environment conditions
as the physiological makes it
and difficult for the
pathophysiological individual to
aspects of the maintain life.
patient. Levine uses Levine
Bates' definition of suggests “the
the external possibility
environment and exists that
suggests three levels: aging itself is a
(1) perceptual, (2) consequence of
operational, and (3) failed
conceptual. These redundancy of
levels give physiological
dimension to the and
interactions between psychological
individuals and their processes.”
environments. The
perceptual level
includes the aspect
of the world that
individuals are able
to intercept and
interpret with their
sense organs. The
operational level
contains things that
affect individual's
physically although
they could not
directly perceive
them, such as
microorganisms. At
the conceptual level,
the environment is
constructed from
cultural patterns,
characterized by a
spiritual existence,
and mediated by the
symbols of
language, thought
and history.