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8 EDITORIAL NOIDA/DELHI
Postpoll ‘chalphal’ in Nepal
As an ordinance holds up government formation, the Left Alliance needs to be largehearted to nd a way out
bate is increasing polarisation. Mr. from Shigatse, nearly 550 km away
Oli is unlikely to get his way but in Tibet. The gesture was noted in
GETTY IMAGES/ISTOCKPHOTO
rakesh sood could share the prime minister with a call to Mr. Prachanda and
ship by dividing up the tenure. Gi another to Mr. Deuba to felicitate
T
he meeting in Islamabad between former naval
T
he word ‘chalphal’ in Nepali ven the UML’s strong showing, Mr. him on the successful conduct of
commander Kulbhushan Jadhav and his family
means more than a discus Oli is not receptive to such an idea the elections.
should have been a sign that India and Pakistan sion; it implies an intermina and has suggested that Mr. Pra Clearly, both sides need to get
are able to adhere to internationally accepted norms in ble discussion, often for the sake chanda instead become chairman over the unpleasantness that
dealing with ocers accused of espionage. Instead, Mr. of it, to a point where in the heat of the new entity once the merger marked Mr. Oli’s ninemonth te
Jadhav’s meeting with his mother and his wife has led and dust of arguments the way for between the two parties takes nure as Prime Minister in 201516.
quickly to an unseemly spat, with fears that bilateral ward gets obscured. Nepali politi Left Alliance with the prospects of elections on the basis of the single place. Mr. Prachanda is unlikely to He blamed India for overtly sup
ties could now deteriorate further. India has reason to cians revel in this pastime. The a merger after the elections. Of 165 transferable vote (STV). This is nd this satisfactory as it cements porting the Madhesi agitation
postelection ‘chalphal’ currently seats, the Left Alliance managed seen as more representative and his junior status, but his options leading to the ‘economic block
complain on several counts. First, it took months for Pa
underway in Kathmandu, unless an impressive tally of 116, with enables preference votes to be seem to be limited. ade’ and held India responsible for
kistan to allow the meeting after Pakistan conducted a resolved with maturity, will lead to Maoists getting 36 seats. The Nepa counted. (Rajya Sabha members The NC has received a drubbing Mr. Prachanda withdrawing sup
secret military court trial of Mr. Jadhav on terrorism heightened polarisation in a socie li Congress was reduced to a dis are elected on this basis.) in the FPTP results but its vote port in July 2016 and forcing him
and spying charges, which seemed a sham. India had to ty that has been in search of polit tant third with 23 seats. An under President Bhandari, a UML share remains intact, which is to resign. The Indian action, par
take its case for consular access to the International ical stability for nearly three standing between the Rashtriya loyalist who owes her position to more a reection of poor cam ticularly the economic dislocation
Court of Justice for Pakistan to be made to pause the decades. Janata PartyNepal (an alliance of Mr. Oli, has not signed the ordi paign management and disen caused by the ‘blockade’, generat
process, and give a commitment that Mr. Jadhav’s exe This has been a watershed year Madhesi parties) and Upendra Ya nance. The results of the provin chantment with the NC leadership ed a sentiment of antiIndianism,
when Nepal successfully conduct dav’s Federal Socialist Forum cial assembly elections have given than a dent in its political base. Its eectively exploited in the elec
cution sentence would be on hold pending a decision.
ed three elections — the local body helped them get 11 and 10 seats, the Left Alliance a clear majority old leaders have been defeated, tions by Mr. Oli in the guise of Ne
Second, having accepted the visit, Pakistan’s Foreign elections after two decades bet respectively. in six of Nepal’s seven provinces. pointing to the need for a tho pali nationalism. Except for this
Oce turned a personal, humanitarian meeting into a ween May and September, fol Interestingly, in terms of the Earlier this year, in the local body rough revamp. Madhesi groups short period, however, Mr. Oli has
media circus, with photographs of the meeting and a lowed by the rst federal and pro vote count, the gap between the elections, the UML won the have put up a strong showing in been consistently supportive of
prepared video statement from Mr. Jadhav thanking the vincial elections, under the new UML and the NC was marginal — mayorships/chairmanships in 294 Province 2 indicating that if they better relations between India and
Pakistani government released. A gaggle of hostile jour Constitution, in NovemberDe the UML getting 33.2% of the vote of the 753 bodies, with the Maoists work together, they can be a po Nepal.
nalists hurled undignied questions at the women. Pa cember. The elections were rea and the NC maintaining its share at winning another 106. On the basis tent force for pushing a forward Playing the China card is not a
kistan would have been expected to use the visit to sonably peaceful and the results 32.8%, with the Maoists following of the FPTP system, the alliance looking agenda. Further constitu new phenomenon in Nepal. In the
have been accepted by all political with 13.7%. Therefore, in the PR can win 42 of the 56 seats, giving it tional amendments on inclusivity past, China would advise Nepali
showcase its “humanitarian gesture”, but its conduct of
parties but government formation category of 110 seats, UML and NC a brute majority in the NA. The will have to be pushed through leaders to resolve dierences with
the Jadhav reunion was crass. remains uncertain. were close, getting 41 and 40 seats, UML is, therefore, pushing the with persuasion rather than agita India. Things have changed with
India’s statement reacting to Pakistan’s actions bears respectively, with Maoists at 17 and President to reject the ordinance. tion and confrontation. Nepal now an eager participant in
closer scrutiny as well. To have objected to the frisking, The outcome the two Madhesi based parties The glitch is that the new Con the ambitious Belt and Road Initia
change of attire and removal of the mangalsutra neck The new Constitution provides for claiming six each. With a total of stitution provides for 33% repre The way forward tive.
lace, bindi, and so on obscures other, more egregious a bicameral Parliament — a 275 174 seats in a House of 275, the Left sentation in Parliament for wo Having won a decisive victory, Mr. While Mr. Oli is smart enough to
actions that India could rightfully have taken up. Most member House of Representa Alliance led by Mr. Oli is well men, with any shortfall being Oli now needs to display a degree see the risks of too close a Chinese
tives, of which 165 are directly placed to form the government. made up in the PR lists. The pre of pragmatism and balance, both embrace, Delhi too needs to re
prison manuals in India mandate the removal of all me
elected on a ‘rst past the post’ cise shortfall will not be clear till at home and with India. President build trust with Mr. Oli. This re
tal objects and most accessories, while several prison (FPTP) system and 110 on the basis Government formation the NA members have been elect Bhandari has been urging consen quires addressing concerns quiet
erfamily meetings around the world take place across of ‘proportional representation’ Yet the Election Commission of ed. Consequently, the names of sus even as she keeps the NA elec ly and ensuring consistency of
glass screens, especially when they involve terror sus (PR); and a 59member National Nepal cannot announce the re the 110 PR members cannot be tion ordinance pending, and the messaging. Fasttracking imple
pects. References to Pakistan’s “religious and cultural Assembly (NA) consisting of eight sults. The issue is the methodolo notied, and so the House cannot UML would be well advised to ac mentation of reconstruction and
insensitivity” needlessly give the episode a denomina members indirectly elected from gy of election of the 56 members be convened to elect Mr. Oli as the cept the STV in the interests of de development projects promised
tional tinge. Instead, India should have made its objec each of the seven provinces and of the NA for which the electoral new Prime Minister. Other politi mocracy. A hard line may not only after the devastating earthquake
three nominated members. The college consists of 550 members of cal parties led by the NC are ada deprive Mr. Oli of his victory but in 2015 would be a good signal and
tions on the other procedural blunders from their un
Parliament is then convened to provincial assemblies and the mant on the STV system as being also bring the oce of the Presi in keeping with Mr. Modi’s ‘neigh
derstanding known, but by summoning the relevant elect a new Prime Minister — not mayors/chairpersons and depu consistent with the intentions of dent into needless controversy. bourhood rst’ policy.
Pakistani diplomat to South Block. Going forward, In that there is any dispute about the ties of the 753 local bodies. Two the framers of the Constitution. On December 19, Mr. Oli under
dia and Pakistan should ensure that their exchanges on fact that the Communist Party of months ago, the government had Even the Maoists are quietly sup took a surprise visit to Rasuwagad
Mr. Jadhav are conducted through quiet diplomacy. If Nepal (Unied Marxist–Leninist) submitted an ordinance to Presi portive of the STV idea. hi (on the NepalChina border) to Rakesh Sood is a former Ambassador to
the object is to save him from an unfair trial and sen leader K.P.S. Oli will be the PM. dent Bidhya Devi Bhandari pro Mr. Oli is blaming caretaker announce its upgradation to an in Nepal and is currently Distinguished
tencing, where a coerced confession and dual pass In October, the UML and the posing that the Election Commis Prime Minister Sher Bahadur Deu ternational border crossing and Fellow at Observer Research Foundation.
Maoists came together to form a sion frame the rules for the NA ba for delaying tactics and the de the entry point for the railway link E-mail: rakeshsood2001@yahoo.com
ports appear to be the only evidence against him, then
it is in India’s interests to convince Pakistan and the
world of the benets of doing so. Backed in a corner on
several counts from other countries on the issue of ter
rorism, Pakistan may well be persuaded of the inhu
Through the smogscreen #4 1 3 9 7 5
manity, injustice, and imprudence of carrying out Mr. Delhi’s residents must take the blame for the city’s alarming pollution levels
Jadhav’s sentence — but it will need a facesaver which
stalk burning in Punjab and Harya Choiceless farmers in Punjab city to the rural hinterland. Diag
can only be found through reasoned diplomacy. When
na, positioning it as a key contrib are being asked to manage 15 mil nosis has been prioritised over ac
a man’s life hangs in the balance, political pointscor utor to the crisis. Some have lion tonnes of paddy stalk sustain tion, and in spite of apps that give
ing, especially at this stage, can be counterproductive. pinned the blame on the Green Re ably. But no one is asking residents us daily updates to realtime dash
volution and the rampant use of of Delhi to do the simple thing of boards spatially visualising our
tubewells which converted Punjab keeping two separate waste bins at misery, there has been little tangi
The diagnostic lens
GETTY IMAGES/ISTOCKPHOTO
W
hen Sri Lankan cricke of Subsoil Water Act, 2009. Aiming consumption, Delhiites have tried In a paradox that truly denes
their understanding of encephalitis ters trooped out wearing at arresting Punjab’s falling to buy their way out of it. The sale India, farmers are being goaded by
pollution masks in the groundwater tables, it banned of household air puriers and ste policies to provide food security,
A
paper in the Indian journal Current Science sug
gests an unexpected cause for the inammatory middle of a Test match at the Feroz farmers from transplanting rice in roidal inhalers has skyrocketed. ensure groundwater conservation,
Shah Kotla ground in Delhi, it her elds before June, so that they The Delhi government is consider and now, protect Delhi from pollu
brain disease — encephalitis — found in Malkangi
alded a new low for the city. The would not pump groundwater and hi’s air quality by 100%. Control of ing seeding clouds in order to get tion, while Delhi elites are re
ri district of Odisha. For many years, this recurring out desolation of smog plays out every rely more on the monsoon rains vehicular pollution would do the articial rain to clean up Delhi’s air quired to do nothing. The other
break, which killed over 100 children last year, was year with immaculate regularity. for their water supply. This al same by 50% and stopping crop rather than inconvenience its citi irony is that Delhi’s environment is
thought to be due to the Japanese encephalitis ( JE) vi Anticorruption rallies in 2011 and lowed a window of barely 20 days residue burning would ensure zenry with waste segregation repeatedly being rescued by judi
rus. Now researchers say it was likely due to the con the brutal rape of ‘Nirbhaya’ in for farmers to get their elds ready 90%. Delhi’s air remains polluted measures. cial interventions and not by its
sumption of a wild bean, called Bada Chakunda, which 2012 may have brought thousands for sowing wheat after harvesting throughout the year because of The urban elite of Delhi has al elected representatives. Delhi
grows freely in the region. Like several natural toxins, of people out on the streets of Del paddy. It’s pretty clear that actions municipal solid waste burning and ways succeeded in keeping atten needs radical policies — more car
hi but antipollution activism has of farmers are often a reaction to vehicular pollution. Crop residue tion away from their free zones, increased taxation on
the anthraquinones in the bean don’t harm healthy pe
largely been homebased. What state policy, indicating lack of burning only tips the scales in fa consumption. sale of private vehicles, clamp
ople, but cause fatal dysfunction of the liver, heart and sApp has been preferred over pop choice rather than a wilful act of vour of a catastrophe. down on illegal parking and mak
brain in underfed children. This nding draws on the ular venues like Ramlila Maidan or environmental vandalism. Delhi, a city of 18.6 million, has Radical measures needed ing a garage a prerequisite for car
researchers’ previous work in Uttar Pradesh’s Saharan Jantar Mantar. People have, in approximately 10 million cars on In the rst leg of Delhi’s clean air purchase.
pur district, where too a recurrent encephalitis out deed, thronged the streets, but it An IIT report its streets, owned by only 15%20% struggle almost two decades ago, It is time that we acknowledge
break was traced to this bean. While more data may be was either for the Delhi marathon But the same cannot be said about of its population. The recent Su the Supreme Court forced the go that smog is only a symptom.
needed to conrm this link, it is clear the Malkangiri or to watch the Test match against the denizens of Delhi. A 334page preme Court approval to bring vernment and the automotive in What Delhi suers from in reality
the Lankans. Delhi has proved India Institute of Technology (IIT) 10,000 buses on the streets of Del dustry to introduce new standards is irresponsible consumption and
scourge wasn’t JE. This is only the latest in a series of
time and again — either by damag Kanpur report published in 2016 hi by end of next year is a welcome for fuel and emissions, but the suc urban misgovernance.
such investigations in which suspected pockets of JE ing the Yamuna oodplain to host cites municipal solid waste burn step, but will not stem the rising cessful shift to Compressed Natu
turned out to be something else. An illness around for a World Culture Festival, or burst ing and vehicular pollution as crit tide of private vehicle ownership. ral Gas (CNG) was restricted to au
three decades in U.P.’s Gorakhpur turned out, primari ing crackers in Diwali even after a ical contributors of air pollution Moreover, approximately 190246 torickshaws and public transport Amitangshu Acharya is Leverhulme PhD
ly, to be scrub typhus last year, while epidemics in Bi court ban on its sale — entertain apart from crop residue burning. tonnes of municipal solid waste is buses. In the second leg, the NASA Scholar at University of Edinburgh, U.K.
har’s Muzaarpur were linked to lychee consumption, ment comes rst. The report clearly states that if burnt every day in Delhi. However, satellite map with numerous ver Dr. Sunderrajan Krishnan is Executive
again among emaciated children. In all these cases, the Signicant sections of recent re municipal solid waste burning was Delhiites and civic authorities have milion spots marking cropburn Director, Indian Natural Resource
suspicion of JE, though the epidemiology and symp portage on Delhi’s air pollution stopped and waste management both assiduously avoided segregat ing sites has again conveniently Economics and Management Foundation,
have trained their guns on paddy upgraded, it would improve Del ing waste at source. shifted media focus away from the Gujarat
toms didn’t match, delayed the discovery of the cause.
Why does this keep happening? One answer is that JE
was indeed the biggest cause of encephalitis in India for LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Letters emailed to letters@thehindu.co.in must carry the full postal address and the full name or the name with initials.
decades, and today the public health diagnostic ma
chinery is built around this illness. But as JE vaccination Unacceptable conduct immediately ask for his Minister’s claim that the Meeting Jadhav December 24). However, the Australia calls for not just a
rates have grown, incidence has shrunk, and a host of Minister of State for resignation, failing which Constitution is the holy book Pakistan appears to have mettle of the team will be display of awless technique
other causes of encephalitis, like dengue, scrub typhus, Employment and Skill he should be dismissed by for the government. The stooped low in its treatment tested when it plays in the but also mental fortitude.
herpes simplex and the West Nile virus, have emerged Development Anantkumar the President. Unless Prime Minister needs to drop of Kulbhushan Jadhav’s forthcoming series, starting The batsmen will have to
Hegde has clearly violated something is done, the very such elements from the family members by not only with South Africa early next display these in abundance.
to the forefront. Yet, investigating agencies such as the
the oath he took under purpose of making the Council of Ministers. violating the letter and spirit year. It would be interesting to see
National Centre for Disease Control and the National In Article 75(4) of the provision for oath of oce K. B. Dessai, of the understanding about The way in which the famed how Kohli’s men meet the
stitute of Virology have persisted in focussing on JE. Constitution to bear true will be lost. Inaction will Fatorda, Goa this but also conducting the Indian batting lineup challenges ahead.
Another problem is the archaic format in which ence faith and allegiance to the also encourage more such meeting in a hostile and collapses against genuine fast Vijai Pant,
Constitution of India attempts to weaken the It is unfortunate that a intimidating atmosphere, bowling is well known. Hempur, Uttarakhand
phalitis is reported to the government. This too is a relic ■
CM A
YK
https://t.me/TheHindu_Zone https://t.me/pdf4exams
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THE HINDU
THURSDAY, DECEMBER 28, 2017
NOIDA/DELHI
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OPED 9
A very awed law Out at sea
India should remain a balancing power, and anchored
The proposed Bill criminalising instant talaq has no legal basis, and is riddled with contradictions in the Indian Ocean
gust 2012. According to court re and then expanding partnerships to ll
cords, Tahira was divorced by her voids. The tags of net security provider and
husband, Nasir Mehmood Khan, leading global power would mean nothing if
through talaqebiddat, without any New Delhi cannot undertake capacity build
written intimation to the chairman of ing in its own backyard, be it South Asia or
the Union Council. the IOR. While the oer of help from various
a. faizur rahman The background to this case is as dinakar peri countries to help expand India’s network in
follows. In August 2000, Tahira mar the region looks tempting, it actually reects
ried Nasir in Pakistan. Within a year, In its National Security Strategy (NSS), the India’s failure to establish its primacy in the
The Muslim Women (Protection of he told her three times that ‘he had U.S. has called China a “challenger” and “riv region. Ideally, it should have been the other
Rights on Marriage) Bill 2017, which divorced her pursuant to Islamic al” while welcoming India’s emergence as a way round: India guiding outside powers in
is set to be tabled in Parliament to law’. Believing that she was divorced, “leading global power and stronger strategic its backyard. In this context, it is imperative
day, is riddled with so many internal she returned to her parental home and defence partner”, and declared that it for policymakers in New Delhi to conduct a
contradictions that one is left won and broke o all contact with Nasir, seeks to increase ‘Quadrilateral’ cooperation reality check on relations with our
dering what purpose it would serve. considering him to be her former with Japan, Australia, and India. The NSS al neighbours.
The stated intent of the Bill is “to husband. Then, in 2003, she married so states that the U.S. would support India’s Over the last couple of months, there have
protect the rights of married Muslim Hamid Mughal, who was a U.S. resi growing relationships throughout the re been hectic parleys with various nations in
women and to prohibit divorce by dent, in Pakistan, with another mar gion. While the broader emphasis on im various formats — quadrilateral, trilateral,
pronouncing talaq by their hus riage ceremony, being held the next proving the partnership is welcome, policy etc. But it cannot be at the expense of the
bands”. Talaq here is dened as “ta year in Fairfax County, Virginia, U.S. makers in New Delhi should be cautious on neighbours. While being part of various
laqebiddat or any other similar But this marriage too did not last two counts. One, India should be wary of any groupings is important, it is imperative that
form of talaq having the eect of in long, and in November 2009, ended attempts at being pitted as a front in the they are in line with our interests. That is
stantaneous and irrevocable di in them getting separated. U.S.’s eorts to check China’s rise. Two, where more clarity is required on the recent
vorce”. The draft law goes on to de While waiting to seek a legal di while the notion of the IndoPacic sounds ly resurrected Quad. Except India, for the
clare, in Sections 3, 4 and 7, that the vorce in Virginia, Hamid discovered grandiose and enticing, India must not for other three the primary focus is the Pacic
“pronouncement” of talaqebiddat that Tahira had been married earlier get that its primary area of concern is the In Ocean, especially the South China Sea.
by a person upon his wife in any and not obtained a legal divorce in dian Ocean Region (IOR). Securing its posi
form whatsoever “shall be void and Pakistan. He sought annulment of tion here is vital before venturing elsewhere. Key initiatives
illegal”, and whoever “pronounces” the marriage on grounds of bigamy At the same time, some recent initiatives il
GETTY IMAGES
such a talaq “shall be punished with which was granted by a U.S. trial Rules-based order lustrate the way forward for India. Last
imprisonment for a term which may court on the testimony of Ellahi, a Pa More importantly, it would not be an exag month, India and Singapore concluded an
extend to three years and ne”, and kistani lawyer brought in by Hamid geration to say that India has always been overarching bilateral agreement for naval
the oence would be “cognizable as an expert witness. wooed by both sides and has been a balanc cooperation. Besides being only India’s se
and nonbailable”. the “custody of her minor children” purpose of bringing about a reconci Tahira appealed against the ver ing power on the world stage. As its stature cond bilateral logistics arrangement, it gives
This amounts to a gross misread as if her marriage is dissolved by the liation between the parties. And ta dict. But the Court of Appeals of Vir in global politics increases, it is it access to the Changi naval base
ing of the August 2017 Supreme mere pronouncement of talaqebid laq shall not be eective until the ex ginia rejected her arguments saying in the nation’s as well as global at the mouth of the Strait of Ma
Court judgment which neutralised dat. How could the authors of this piration of 90 days from the day on that the trial court was right in ac interest that India remains a ba lacca. With Singapore’s assis
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dency in the U.S. has administered quite a try to do away with English within a specied period and it
few body blows to many a signature gave the right to the nonHindispeaking people to continue
achievement of his predecessor Barack using English. This was better than what existed previously.
Obama — for instance, the Iran nuclear deal But the resolution in a sense tried to take away by the left hand
and the Paris climate pact. Another addi what was given by the right hand.
tion to this list must be the decision by the government
agency, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), to A HUNDRED YEARS AGO DECEMBER 28, 1917
remove regulations that have disallowed Internet service
providers (ISPs) in the U.S. from throttling, blocking or All India Musical Conference.
speeding up Internet content for rms that pay for faster ac The Second AllIndia Musical Conference will be held at Delhi
cess for customers. The FCC’s decision was made possible during the Easter holidays. The rst Conference was held in
by a 32 vote on party lines, with FCC Chairman Ajit Pai, a 1916 in Baroda under the patronage of H.H. the Maharaja Gaek
Trump appointee and a Republican, clinching it. CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
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CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC war. The objects of the conference are: (1) good workable un
This is a major blow to “net neutrality” in the U.S. Net iform Raga system such as would enable us to learn and teach
neutrality is at the core of an open Internet that does not al
CONCEPTUAL FAQ music without diculty; (2) a good simple uniform notation
Primary goods
low for content discrimination by ISPs. This principle has al
lowed the burgeoning of the Internet, from one as a means democracy Nuclear weapons at a glance system for the whole country; (3) a perfectly reliable history of
Indian music and musicians; (4) the determination of Shruties
of communication and a destination for information to be and their uses in the Ragas; (5) impressing on the people the
coming a parallel, virtual universe that caters to social inte
The notion of primary North Korea’s belligerence has come as a handy defence educational value of music and the necessity of introducing
goods, proposed by John
ractions, business, knowledge dissemination, and entertain Rawls, spells out the basic
Garimella Subramaniam vides a pathway for the expansion? graded courses in schools and colleges, and (6) a central aca
ment among other things. The proviso for an open Internet entitlements a citizen NWSs to disarm and join The UN Security Council demy of music where rst class music could be taught accord
where any website can be accessed at the same speeds that would be guaranteed in a What is the status of the global ban. imposed its latest round of ing to the most uptodate methods.
are paid for by the consumer, without discrimination by the wellordered society. It in nuclear weapons in 2017? sanctions on the regime of CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
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ISP, allows for equal access to all web locations. cludes basic rights and li These are the lone catego How close is Pyongyang to Kim Jongun last week in a
berties, freedom of move ry of weapons of mass des having the dreaded bid to force the dictator to DATA POINT
Flawed arguments ment and free choice truction still to be out weapon? give up his nuclear ambi
The overturned regulations were part of an order, in 2015, among the fullest range of lawed, although the very The government asserted tions.
by the FCC during the Obamaled administration that pro occupations, the powers rst resolution of the UN that the underground ex Whatever the eects of
vided for “lighttouch” regulations for broadband services of oce and positions of General Assembly plosion the country con the punitive measures
and to preserve netneutrality. Internet pioneers such as responsibility, income and pledged was regarding ducted in September, the clamped in the past, they
Vint Cerf who coinvented the TCP/IP network protocol, and wealth, and, nally, the so their abolition. The good sixth and most powerful have singularly failed to
World Wide Web inventor Tim BernersLee have also em cial bases of selfrespect. news, in the form of the since the 2006 detona achieve that objective.
phasised the centrality of the principle of net neutrality, as Primary goods are evident adoption of a new UN trea tion, was a hydrogen Beijing and Moscow advo
serting that its inviolability has been built into the structure ly identical to the funda ty, prohibits the testing, bomb. Experts view the cate a freeze on the coun
of the Internet itself — in its layers and protocols that allow mental rights enshrined in production, acquisition claim with scepticism but try’s nuclear programme
for seamless access to any networked device in the world ir the constitutions of liberal and transfer of nuclear there is near unanimity in exchange for the sus
respective of the nature of the physical infrastructure that democracies. The purpose arms and seeks to punish that the North Korean nu pension of joint military
has built the network. behind their enumeration states for the environmen clear programme is at an exercises between the U.S.
The 2015 order had deemed that broadband content will in a political philosophical tal and humanitarian con intermediate stage of de and South Korea. Wash
be regulated as a service delivery much like phone services treatise is to underscore sequences of all such ac velopment. Similarly, the ington has shot down the
are. Mr. Pai has claimed that these regulations have disin their inviolability for any tivity. intercontinental ballistic proposal, opting to mount
centivised ISPs from improving or increasing investment in wellgoverned society. missile Pyongyang international pressure on
Internet infrastructure. He has argued that the Internet Conversely, to spell them Are the world’s nine launched in late Novem North Korea to give up nu
thrived before the net neutrality order and there is no rea out sheds light on regimes ocial and unocial ber, named Hwasong15, is clear arms altogether.
son for alarm. Both arguments are awed. Broadband ser that are democracies in all Nuclear Weapons States believed to be bigger and Conversely, the game plan
vice providers in the U.S. have reportedly spent more on in but name. (NWSs) on board? more powerful than the of the Kim regime seems
frastructure after the order was passed in 2015, a fact that No. All of them, and their devices tested previously. to rst obtain recognition
some telecommunication behemoths such as AT&T admit CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC allies, boycotted the treaty Its ecacy must be as an NWS, then enter ne
ted to investors as well. Also, before the 2015 order, there negotiations. They still viewed against the Hwa gotiations and eventually
MORE ON
were increasing instances of ISPs introducing faster lanes
for various kinds of content, which brought the net neutral
ity debate to public attention in the U.S.
THE WEB
Who is Mirza Ghalib,
3 swear by the deterrent va
lue of nuclear weapons
and defend their position
song14, red earlier this
year, capable of landing
nuclear warheads on the
win concessions from the
crippling sanctions. As
Washington confronts the
Meanwhile, the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India featured in today’s Google citing North Korea’s nu U.S. mainland. reality of shrinking room
has, thankfully, recommended rules in favour of net neutral Doodle? clear belligerence, which for military action, the di
ity in India. Activists here have their work cut out to see that they simultaneously de Can the world halt plomatic argument could
there is no emulation of the U.S. government’s decision. http://bit.ly/2DZcC3J nounce. The treaty pro Pyongyang’s nuclear win the day.
CM A ND-NDE
YK
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10 ISSUES AND INSIGHTS
>
MUMBAI | THURSDAY, 28 DECEMBER 2017 1
Innocuous details in the 1,500-page verdict on the 2G case makes it an unputdownable read ence that finds prominent place in the
verdict written by special court judge O Coffee pe charcha
on how and when a wall clock was subordinate. The latest verdict further ising telecom sector — everything on P Saini. Of the 153 witnesses examined by
@NARENDRAMODI (TWITTER)
ordered, procured and installed at the said Rizvi deposed that on January 10, January 10, 2008, as fast as possible. the prosecution, there were many junior
reception of Sanchar Bhawan, the 2008, he had set up four counters for Through last-minute press releases and workers at the wireless division of DoT
headquarters of the Department of compliance on letter of intent (LoI) to notifications, DoT had revised the rule including peons distributing ‘dak’ who
Telecom in New Delhi. Innocuous be issued to the new telcos and also that book and the cut-off date/time (though figured in the case. These men were sup-
details in a document running over he had got the wall clock fixed in the the court has not held it as an evidence posed to tell exactly how the letters, draft
1,500 pages, one might argue. But no, reception area, as per instruction. to hold the accused guilty). It was LoIs and press releases passed from one
that clock fits in as an essential part of Yes that’s right, the brand new clock alleged that those with prior knowledge desk to another through Sanchar
the 2G story and like in any thriller and the fresh LoIs are to be read togeth- were better placed with their demand Bhawan. Raja’s “camp office’’ (part of his
that’s hard to put down, the smallest of er to make sense of what’s going on. drafts, but everyone had to “race des- residence in the capital), where his then
NOT FOR PROFIT detail often keeps up the pace. Time was of essence when first-come- perately’’, resulting in “disorder’’ and private secretary RK Chandolia would
The judgment that surprised and first-served licences were being issued ‘’chaos’’. Observations in the verdict say frequently work with him till late in the Prime Minister Narendra Modi (pictured), in
NIVEDITA MOOKERJI shocked the world last week has brought under the then telecom minister A Raja, “physical fitness of the representatives night on the new 2G licensing process, Shimla to attend the oath-taking ceremony
alive the tale of a clock that has stood wit- who’s now been acquitted in the 2G case became the main deciding factor for also is a frequent mention through the of Chief Minister Jai Ram Thakur, made a
surprise stop at the Indian Coffee House in
W
ho would have thought a wall ness to the twists and turns in telecom along with the other accused. While LoI priority in submission of compliance of pages of the judgment.
clock in a non-descript gov- for almost a decade now. This is how it compliance for applicants in the 2G tele- LoIs and entry fee...’’ Handwriting experts and photog- the city. The Indian Coffee House is a
ernment office would be inte- unfolded. S E Rizvi, then under secretary com business was arranged across four And of course, it made sense to have raphers too are part of this page-turn- hangout for the city's journalists and political
gral to a narrative of a multi-billion at DoT, got an offbeat assignment in counters at a committee room on the a wall clock installed at the reception, er, to keep the reader hooked on to the workers, and the PM would frequent it
scam, that has now been deemed a January 2008. He was asked to arrange second floor of Sanchar Bhawan, the perhaps as a last-minute thought. To drama that 2G was all about. So what if during his visits to Shimla in the 1990s. The
“non-scam” by a CBI special court for a wall clock for the ground floor recep- payment of entry fee was to be done at comply with the redefined first-come- it may or may not have caused a PM was then the central incharge of the BJP's
lack of substantial evidence? The tion, according to Rizvi’s account when the ground floor reception. Applicants first-served definition, where the notional loss of ~1.76 lakh crore to the Himachal Pradesh unit. He had brought up
lengthy verdict, acquitting all the 17 he deposed before the special court hear- had to watch their time and race down fastest payment of entry fee, rather exchequer? And so what if the term his old association with Himachal Pradesh at
accused in the 2G spectrum allocation ing the 2G case. On January 9, 2008, he from second to ground floor to be able to than those ahead in the applicants’ “auction” has suddenly lost the fame it recent public rallies in the state and had
case, has devoted several paragraphs got a wall clock purchased through his make it to the lucrative list in the prom- queue, ensured a 2G licence at a price had attained post 2G scam? even named some of the journalists he hung
out with. On Wednesday, he ignored the
security considerations, disembarked from
his car, headed to the coffee shop and
I
t is that time of the year — as 2017 is that all improprieties need not be crim- being the Speaker of the Lok Sabha, was
draws to a close, it is tempting to look inal in nature although all crimes nec- taken to an extreme this year. Multiple
at developments in the area of law essarily constitute impropriety. tribunals constituted through Acts of
that impacted business enterprises dur- The last word in the 2G case is not Parliament passed by both Houses of
ing the year. It was a year marked by out. Appeals will follow. The zeal with Parliament have been abolished through
three extreme developments. which the earlier government had been a chapter in the Finance Act, 2017. In
First, the biggest development that attacked politically seems to be dead fact, the Foreign Exchange Management
came at the fag end of the year – the all- now. The zeal with which another bench FINAL WORD The ruling in the case underlined that uncertainty can be uncertain Act, 1999, which decriminalised viola-
surprising outcome in the 2G Telecom of the apex court would eventually con- tion of exchange controls by both
Scam (or should we now go back to say- sider the last appeal that may eventual- case of the land can lead to acquittal, law. One of them is the central bank tak- Houses of Parliament, was re-crimi-
ing “alleged scam case”). A classic exam- ly get filed many years down the line, regulators must learn to look at every ing charge of recovery decisions by nalised through another recent Finance
ple of a judicial overreach in cancellation will determine the real final outcome. quasi-judicial trial presided over by banks — a position brought about Act. That was not noticed loudly enough,
of 2G spectrum licenses by a two-mem- However, for this year, leaving merits them, with an open mind and without through a Presidential Ordinance. The and criminalising any conduct hardly Some Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) party
ber bench of the Supreme Court, had led of the specific case aside, this is a land- the fear of being seen as having sold their other is an evermore extraordinary evokes outrage in our society. The aboli- workers were livid that the party chief,
to the apex court correcting the law on mark development. The ruling can- souls if they acknowledge that they were Presidential Ordinance by which a blan- tion and mergers of tribunals through Lalu Prasad, who has been lodged in
allocation of natural resources when rul- celling telecom licenses were seen as initially wrong. ket ban on anyone remotely connected this back door, certified by the Speaker to prison since his conviction in a fodder
ing upon a Presidential Reference. The bringing in uncertainty in the conduct Second, the law on insolvency to a defaulter gets disqualified from be worthy of a money bill legislation, scam case was being treated as a
Supreme Court had then taken great care of business. The ruling in the criminal affected business environment most resolving any and every insolvent in the will eventually be considered by the common prisoner. First, his request for
not to disrupt the final ruling of the final trial underlines that the uncertainty can materially this year. The very function- country. Supreme Court. home-cooked meal — citing his cardiac
court of the land in the 2G case, but had be uncertain. ing of the newly-legislated Insolvency Earlier, this column has analysed the In a nutshell, the money bill enve- surgery — was turned down. Then a
pretty much cleaned up the implications Meanwhile, the silver lining is that and Bankruptcy Code has taken off, unreasonable sweep of both these devel- lope has been pushed to the farthest request to meet an unspecified number
of the ruling for all other allocations of regulators in the business of direct with a bunch of cases reaching the apex opments, and therefore will not repeat extreme. One could well be mistaken – of well-wishers and family members
resources, doing away with the hard- enforcement (without having to bother court rapidly, and the law getting laid itself. Course correction and tempering a newer extreme may be achieved next whenever he liked was rejected on the
and-fast rule of mandatory grant of with proving themselves to courts of law down. That even a newspaper vendor is expected, particularly with the latter. year. Work on the Finance Bill, 2018 grounds that the jail manual allowed
resources to the highest bidder that the in the first instance) would do well to can initiate the insolvency process and For now, all that stout defenders have to ought to have started in the cold corri- meetings from 8 am to noon, Monday to
two-judge bench had earlier laid down. learn that merely because they had tak- bring a defaulter to his knees is good say is: “Don’t expect the course not to be dors of North Block. Watch this space. Saturday. "The state government seems
Cut to 2017. The trial court judge, who en strong positions on an interim basis, for business contracts. However, some ever corrected — for now we need these to have an issue with everything," rued
through the trial, had pretty much they do not have to conclude that viola- extreme measures, however well-inten- imperfections.” Quite apart from this The author is an advocate and independent a party leader.
denied every single interim application tions took place. If the most high-profile tioned could kill the very efficacy of this being a sorry position to take, if correction counsel; Twitter: @SomasekharS
Winds of change, waves of progress Time to fix healthcare the intending buyers. At the same time, it
has to ensure directness in communicat-
Who will be affected the most by the Companies (Amendment) Bill once it This is in reference to the article “The ing the message without trading on the
receives the assent of the President of the country? future belongs to biologics” (December
27). Kanchana TK makes an empathic case
social and political sensitivity of not only
the target group but the public at large.
for stepping up investments in biomedical Non-stereotyped advertisements have the
in the country. Each amendment, investment would result in the com- research. She is right about the innova- benefit of novelty to draw attention but
each new insertion, each alteration pany becoming an associate of the tions in medicine but wants government their ability to create interest in the adver-
will have a lasting impact on the body corporate. Focussing on the intervention for biologics. She quotes how tisement to listen/read further would
overall functioning mechanism and agenda of ‘ease of doing business’, China has made significant advancements depend on the speed with which the
regulatory framework of Indian cor- not only has the filing of a separate in the same sphere. These are multi- advertisement provides clarity about the
porates. From altering and amend- form for annual return been done pronged issues and cannot be generalised. features of the product rather than mak-
ing the basic definitions to enhanc- away with, an abridged form of While personalised medicine is the ing the person wonder about the rele-
ing timelines, from amending annual return for OPC and small holy grail, cost structures to justify the vance of the chosen model.
sections to providing better expla- companies has also been made part same are prohibitive. Indian pharma com- Further in the Indian context, dis-
nation to adding provisos catering of the provision. panies have been under cloud for several stituency after 1982. playing a man cooking with the woman
to exceptions, from keeping all cor- Stringent penalties in case of non- irregularities in making generics and cen- While one can easily understand the watching may not go down well with
SHYAM AGRAWAL porates on equal footing to compre- compliance, mandatory signing of sures from US-FDA for their good manu- CPI (M) leadership getting so upbeat about the traditional families. Besides, a
hending the distinctions on the basis financial statements by the CEO irre- facturing practises. They are engaged in winning the sole Theog assembly seat in pithy message creates more impact
“The secret of change is to focus all of of size and providing relief from spective of his directorship status are copying existing biologics. Shimla, one genuinely fails to compre- than an endorsement by a celebrity
your energy, not on fighting the old just some of the amendments in the While the premise of biologics is good hend the rationale behind one of its MPs about the assurance of finding no dirty
one, but on building the new.” These 92-point Bill. in theory, existing evidence needs more talking about the revival of communism in spots after using the said detergent.
words of Socrates find relevance in While corporations are impacted robust scrutiny about their efficacy. India (via the hills) by referring to the Any message trying to convey a social
the present moment when India Inc. directly, it is the brigade of profes- Universal insurance, a shift towards elec- communist parties in Nepal. Since when message by using the non-stereotype is
is gearing up to adopt, adhere and sionals who will be the guiding light tronic medical records, reliable tracking of has Nepal symbolised India? CPI (M) likely to be misunderstood more often
put to practise the Companies for these stakeholders. Company sec- patents and identifying the root cause of should be truly worried about successful- than not. Since the objective of a good
(Amendment) Bill, 2017, once it retaries, who are concerned with the disease pathogenesis in Indian patients ly regaining the power in yet another hill advertisement is to convert created
receives the assent of the President of various rules and regulations of the are more pressing concerns. The link to state of Tripura where assembly elections interest into desire to buy and actually
the country. Companies Act, shall have a big role academia and a robust clinical trial designs are due by March as the Amit Shah- buy a product, use of the non-stereo-
Of all the stakeholders impacted to play. The changing dimensions, will pave the way for better investments in Narendra Modi pair may once again use all type roles has to be planned skillfully
by the December 19 decision of the the shifting focus and the altering biologicals at a later date. The Chinese sys- the tricks to outsmart this hard-core com- and sparingly so that there is no need
Parliament, it is the corporate and boundaries call for deeper knowledge tem suffers from more institutional chal- rades driven party. to ban them completely.
the professionals connected to them and more involved role play on behalf lenges than the projections listed in the Kumar Gupt Panchkula Y G Chouksey Pune
that will claim the strongest connec- of these professionals. write up. It’s a long haul but we have an
tion. The 28-page document made The Bill has all the makings of that The seemingly small document is urgent need to fix our healthcare.
quite some waves within moments one big wave. What needs to be by far the second major wave follow- Abhishek Puri Mohali Understanding the ads Letters can be mailed, faxed or e-mailed to:
The Editor, Business Standard
of gaining Parliament approval. The seen is how corporate ships reach ing plenty of small ones. But then it is
Nehru House, 4 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg
government in general and the their destinations always the bigger waves that alter the With reference to the article “Brands that
Ministry of Corporate Affairs in par- sand patterns, leave something Survival of the smartest stereotype” (December 27) advertising in
New Delhi 110 002
Fax: (011) 23720201 · E-mail: letters@bsmail.in
ticular needs to be applauded for stringent compliance — the short behind, take something along and India has become a challenging task as it All letters must have a postal address and telephone
their detailed analysis to understand document does it all. alter the course of ships on their way. With reference to the Chinese Whispers has to be designed to attract attention of number
the issues that have cropped since-- The Bill has not only increased The Companies (Amendment) Bill “Clutching at straws?” (December 27),
the loopholes, the gaps, the need for the number of days of notice to be 2017, as of now, has all the makings of Kudos to you for appropriately titling this > HAMBONE BY MIKE FLANAGAN
harmonisation among the laws that given for change of location of a reg- that one big wave. What needs to be report which speaks volumes about the
comprise the legal framework encas- istered office but has also relaxed the seen is how corporate ships steer current political status of the Communist
ing the India Inc--and their efforts to requirement of independent direc- themselves to reach their destina- Party of India (Marxist) across the country.
address them. tors in the CSR Committee for com- tions of good governance. As George Needless to say, this party has been des-
The Parliament passed the panies not bound to appoint them Bernard Shaw once said, “Progress is perately searching for some breathing
Companies (Amendment) Bill, 2017, in the first place. The alteration in impossible without change, and space in the nation’s political horizon
to strengthen corporate governance the definition of ‘related party’ has those who cannot change their that’s essential for its survival. No wonder
standards, initiate strict action expanded the purview of the law, minds, cannot change anything.” then that CPI(M) finishing second in the
against defaulting companies and bringing in its ambit the investing by-poll to Sabong in West Bengal is being
help improve ease of doing business companies and ventures whose The author is President, ICSI considered as highly self-consoling as it
had not contested elections in this con-
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>
OPINION 11
STAY INFORMED THROUGH THE DAY @ WWW.BUSINESS-STANDARD.COM.
Develop an offshore exchange world could be managed without too many hic-
cups and with frictions kept well under control.
But the situation has changed significantly: One
Singapore, Dubai may hit India’s derivatives trading the one hand, the Chinese economy has become
the number one in the world in purchasing pow-
V
olumes in India’s derivatives trading segment could be adversely er parity terms; and with its $12-trillion gross
affected by the decision of the Singapore Exchange (SGX) to offer sin- domestic product (GDP), China represents now
gle-stock futures (SSF) on Indian stocks. The Dubai Gold and 18.5 per cent of the world economy. On the other,
Commodities Exchange (DGCX) is also considering expanding its President Xi Jinping has broken with the Deng
portfolio of Indian SSF. These new offshore options will highlight the lacunae Xiaoping approach of “keeping a low profile (tao
guang yang hui), biding time and never claim lead-
and frictions in India’s trading environment. Unlike the National Stock Exchange
ership”. He has made it clear since his meeting
(NSE) and the BSE, the SGX and the DGCX are open 24x7 and these are hard-cur- with former US President Barack Obama in
rency environments. There are no transaction taxes akin to India’s securities October 2013 that he wants to establish a “new
A year of grand
transaction tax (STT). The local regulators also place no restrictions on foreign model of great powers relations”. In other words,
portfolio investors (FPIs), unlike the Securities and Exchange Board of India dealing with the US on an equal footing basis.
(Sebi), which has banned derivatives trading via participatory notes (P-Notes). With the One Belt One Road Initiative, Beijing is
now trying to create a sphere of geopolitical influ-
Given that the SGX and the DGCX offer comfortable regulatory environ- ence and a gigantic area of co-prosperity with
awakening
ments, a lot of the derivatives trading volume will likely shift to these offshore China as its hub. The 19th Congress of China’s
centres. India will lose out on tax revenue and brokerage income, while Communist Party last October clearly confirmed
Indian traders will face wider spreads and also the disadvantage of being these orientations and objectives.
unable to respond immediately to events that occur when Indian exchanges Neither the US or, for that matter, Europe,
are shut. Ideally, India should develop offshore exchanges, perhaps in the Australia and Japan will move towards a socialist
Gujarat International Finance Tec-City, or in some other state, to offer simi- US acknowledges the fact that it is entering a new era of great market economy, nor will China converge towards
the free market-democracy compact. And while
lar services. However, while this possibility has been on the table for years, power competition with ‘revisionist’ states — China and Russia China is presumably not aiming at “replacing” or
there has been no concrete movement towards setting up such an exchange. supplanting the US in the world, it wants to estab-
U
The SGX already offers a popular derivatives contract on the NSE’s Nifty50 S President Donald Trump’s first National of triumph in the late 1990s. lish itself as the number one power in Asia and
index futures. It also intends to offer SSF on the 50 companies represented in the Security Strategy Report issued a week ago So, China was supposed to converge into that aims to be the full equal of the US on the world
was bound to attract a lot of attention in compact; and this expectation was crucial in the scene. In that respect, Mr Trump’s National
Nifty. The DGCX already offers SSF contracts on 10 Indian stocks and futures on
different capitals — let alone among the way the US and Europe looked at China’s admission Security Strategy Report is right in acknowledging
dollarised-versions of the BSE Sensex and the MSCI India indices. Both exchanges Washington foreign policy ecosystem. It was of in the World Trade Organization (WTO) in December the fact that the US is entering a new era of great
carry huge volumes of rupee-dollar trades but the proximate trigger for the SGX course very easy to highlight the dichotomy 2001. The problem is that one element was over- power competition with ‘revisionist’ states —
to expand its India coverage was Sebi’s move to disallow derivatives trading via between a number of foreign policy objectives looked in this expectation: The Chinese leaders had China and Russia.
P-Notes. On July 8, Sebi banned trading in derivatives via P-Notes and demand- asserted in the document and the way this admin- never expressed any desire or intention to “con- It would be quite unrealistic to expect that China
ed direct registration of FPIs carrying out derivatives trades. The regulator said istration has been acting in the international verge”. On the contrary, as China was becoming a — with its 1.3 billion people, an economy aspiring
domain since the beginning of the year. In the WTO member, its leaders were reiterating their will to dominate the 21st century — would just agree to
derivatives trading via P-Notes would be allowed only to hedge underlying cash
same way, one could not but note the unneces- to establish a “socialist market economy”. While this fit into a system which was put in place when it was
positions. At the time of the ban, P-Note holders had open positions of over sarily abrasive and belligerent notion was dismissed by Western still a negligible part of the global economy and just
~40,000 crore in the futures and options segment of the NSE. Most were closed tonality of the document — economists and business/political focused on ensuring its way out of scarcity. There
out. The paperwork for direct registration is complex and Sebi’s definition of hedg- “America is in the game and leaders as a mere rhetorical window is no precedent in human history that an emerging
ing is rigid. A further barrier for US-based funds is that they cannot take direct America is going to win”. dressing — a contradiction in terms big power would just aim at “inserting” itself seam-
exposure to derivatives offered by Indian exchanges, which are not approved by While realising that many doc- — the Chinese leaders were deadly lessly in a pre-existing order.
uments of this kind have had a serious in doing everything in their There will have to be at some stage some re-
America’s Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). Many used P-Notes
short shelf life, being made obso- power to establish such a system. writing or adjustments of the rules that reflected a
to bypass that requirement. Both SGX and DGCX are CFTC-approved. Indian lete by the turn of events, it is, And they have been pretty balance of forces which is now significantly chang-
exchanges are not, although the NSE is seeking CFTC approvals. however, worth assigning to this consistent about it in the last ing. The quantitative change which has happened
Another source of friction for FPIs is the STT, which is a significant cost National Security Strategy Report 20 years or more. over the last quarter of a century and the changes
for high-volume traders. In 2016-17, STT collections on all equity and deriva- a distinct significance as it high- David Malpass, under secretary in the very nature of economic activity brought by
tive transactions amounted to ~7,398 crore. Traders complain about this addi- lights the fact that 2017 may have CLAUDE SMADJA for international affairs at the US the ongoing technology revolutions will have to
been the year of the grand awak- Treasury, was recently complain- translate into qualitative changes in terms of the
tional burden but the tax is convenient to collect as it is deducted at source.
ening after many years of ing that “China is not moving in a functioning of the international organisations reg-
Equity investors are compensated to an extent for the STT because there is zero American and European complacent wishful market-oriented direction”, giving that as the reason ulating and monitoring this global economy.
tax on long-term capital gains for positions held for over a year. But by defi- thinking about China and the impact of its rise on why the comprehensive economic dialogue The major challenge of the next 10-15 years —
nition, most derivative contracts are short-term. Offshore exchanges offering the global economic and geopolitical scene. between the US and China was now buried in the the outcome of which will determine economic
similar facilities could bypass the STT and avoid the P-Note issue. But, of During all these years a key explicit or implic- sand. The fact is that such a “dialogue” was based on and geopolitical stability — will be to define how
course, this will require a review of multiple regulations. Even otherwise, it assumption in the US and Europe was that, as its a mismatch of expectations between Washington different systems in the Western world and in Asia
economy keeps developing and as its middle class and Beijing — the former looking at this exercise as will be able to coexist and interact in a fruitful
Indian exchanges will have to go 24x7 and Sebi should push the case for
keeps growing, China would “converge” towards a way to get the Chinese economy operating more and mutually beneficial way. And to be able to
CFTC approval in response to the competition. the Western model of economy and society. This in accordance with the logic and priorities of the US, agree on the necessary adjustments that will allow
assumption was bred by the cultural and political the latter considering this dialogue as a way to help the international economic and financial institu-
arrogance that prevailed in the West since the col- ease or prevent some frictions that would have a tions — existing ones or ones to be created — to
Do not leave it to states lapse of the Soviet Union, the conviction that the
only sustainable, possible, model was the one
negative impact on China’s growth, without ced-
ing any real ground on the basic strategic tenets
play their more needed-than-ever role as stability
anchors of a global system.
expressed by the “Washington consensus” — the according to which the Chinese leadership is con-
Farm price deficiency payments are better than raising MSPs irresistible advance of the compact ducting the country’s economic trajectory. The writer is president of Smadja & Smadja,
economic/political liberalisation, market econo- For some time, as the expansion of the private a strategic advisory firm
I
ndications that the Budget for 2018-19 is likely to be farmer-centric,
my-democratic system — which had its moment sector in China seemed to fulfil the expectations of Twitter: @ClaudeSmadja
with focus on remunerative prices for agricultural produce, make sense
in view of the widespread economic distress in rural areas. But some of
the measures being considered by the government to provide effective
T
he combined fiscal deficit (CFD) of states aver- tional resources or cut expenditure. It has been out for FY18 has been budgeted to increase to 1.76
tem, with the Centre shouldering up to 100 per cent losses, is already in place aged 2.16 per cent during FY11-FY15, but came observed that if such announcements are funded per cent of GDP from 1.69 per cent in FY17 (RE).
for some pulses, oilseeds and staple vegetables such as onions but without under pressure thereafter due to the Ujwal through expenditure compression, the axe falls first Besides the higher interest payout, the other com-
much success. Expanding it to all the 20-odd crops for which minimum sup- Discom Assurance Yojana (UDAY) and implemen- on capital expenditure (capex), followed by social ponent that will increase the committed expendi-
port prices (MSPs) are fixed by the Centre may, in fact, further worsen its per- tation of the Seventh Central Pay Commission rec- expenditure. Both cuts are detrimental to the medi- ture of state governments is the salary revision
formance. Besides, this will require the deployment of huge manpower and ommendations. As a result, the CFD of the states in um- and long-term growth prospects. after the Pay Commission. The share of select com-
FY16 and FY17 (RE or revised estimates) came in at If they are funded by additional borrowing mitted expenditure (salary, pension and interest)
creation of massive infrastructure for purchasing, transporting and storing the 3.07 per cent and 3.66 per cent, respectively. The then the burden falls on the future. After the in revenue expenditure, therefore, has been bud-
procured commodities - steps that the states may not be able to afford. states issued UDAY bonds of ~0.99 lakh crore in FY16 2008 global financial crisis, a number of states geted to increase to 48.34 per cent in FY18 from
Even for wheat and rice, where the primary responsibility of providing price (0.72 per cent of gross domestic product or GDP) pursued expansionary fiscal policy as the fiscal 46.93 per cent in FY17 (RE).
support is that of the Centre, such infrastructure remains inadequate despite and ~1.10 lakh crore in FY17 (0.72 per cent of GDP). deficit target was relaxed by 0.5 per cent of their The encouraging feature of FY18 state budg-
constant expansion over several decades. Expecting the states to fare better and Excluding the UDAY bonds, the gross state domestic product ets, however, is near stability in the combined rev-
that too right from the beginning seems totally futile. In any case, the physical mar- CFD of states works out to be 2.35 (GSDP) to pump prime their enue deficit and some improvements in the com-
per cent and 2.94 per cent, respec- economies. As a result, aggregate bined primary deficit of the states compared to
ket intervention-based system of price assurance is not without adverse fallout as tively, for FY16 and FY17 (RE). market borrowings of the state FY17 (RE). Another encouraging feature of FY18
has been apparent in the case of wheat and rice. It has resulted in distortion of the A reading of the budgets of 29 governments increased by an state budgets is the continuation of capex by state
cropping pattern, alienation of the private trade from the grain market and unwar- states shows that the CFD of states additional ~0.21 lakh crore in governments. Boosted by UDAY issuances, the
ranted accumulation of stocks on the government account. Replicating the same for FY18 has been pegged at 2.7 FY10. Although this was also a combined capex of states grew 40 per cent (year-
in other crops would be ill-advised. A lasting solution lies really in making farm- per cent (~4.48 lakh crore) of GDP. period when state governments on-year or y-o-y) and 26.2 per cent (y-o-y) in FY16
However, with several states were moving away from National and FY17, respectively. However, excluding UDAY
ing profitable by reducing production costs and improving returns on the produce.
announcing farm loan waivers, Small Savings Fund to finance issuances, the combined capex grew 7.2 per cent
For this, agricultural marketing reforms need to be expedited. Wooing private there is a fear that the CFD of their fiscal deficit, chickens are and 30.9 per cent in FY16 and FY17, respectively. It
investment in setting up crop mandis can enhance competition. Electronic plat- states could be much higher. Our now coming home to roost. has been budgeted to grow 19.3 per cent and would
SUNIL KUMAR SINHA
form-based transactions can lend greater transparency to marketing operations. estimate shows that the CFD of & DEVENDRA KUMAR PANT According to the maturity profile, be 3 per cent of GDP in FY18. In comparison, the
The other way of tackling this issue is to go in for a wholly novel system, states in FY18 would come in at 3 the aggregate state development capex by the Union government has been budget-
such as the price deficiency payment mechanism, mooted by a task force of per cent of GDP (~4.99 lakh crore). loan (SDL) redemption in FY19 ed to grow at 10.7 per cent, and would be 1.8 per
This is higher than the budgeted figure but con- will be 1.6 times of FY18 and 3.1 times of FY17. If cent of GDP in FY18. The aggregate capex by the
the NITI Aayog. It has already been introduced in Madhya Pradesh. Some oth-
siderably lower than FY17 (RE) and includes the the state revenue fails to support the full redemp- states have been consistently higher than the
er states are trying it out for cotton. It involves fixing floor prices for crops based impact of the farm debt waivers announced out- tion then it will have to be refinanced. This sim- capex of Centre since FY06.
on their previous years' market rates and compensating the growers for any side state budgets and implementation of the ply means kicking the can down the road. In conclusion, it can be said that the stress
shortfall in realising these prices. Being a non-procurement-based mechanism, goods and services tax (GST) from July 1, 2017. Perhaps the way out for the Maharashtra, emanating from UDAY and salary/pension revi-
it can safely be applied to all crops and in all areas without needlessly accu- The farm debt waivers announced by five states Rajasthan and Karnataka is to follow Andhra sions so far had been absorbed by states ade-
mulating unwanted inventories, which are difficult to liquidate later. Such a are likely to widen the CFD of states by ~1.08 lakh Pradesh and Telangana which announced a farm quately and with relatively little damage to state
crore (0.65 per cent of GDP). This is marginally low- debt waiver of ~0.43 lakh crore and ~0.17 lakh crore, finances and the debt sustainability. However,
system offers an added advantage of allowing production to respond to mar-
er than the impact of UDAY scheme on the CFD of respectively, in 2014. However, they adopted a stag- the same cannot be said about farm loan waiver
ket demand, thus, striking the much-needed balance between the output and the states in FY16 and FY17. While the farm debt gered payment mechanism. They rolled over the if it continues and spreads to other states. The
the requirement of farm commodities to ensure price stability. There is need waivers announced by Uttar Pradesh and Punjab announced farm debt waivers over four years with probability of which is high in view of the
also to put in place stable policies for agricultural pricing and trade, both exter- are part of their respective FY18 budgets, the farm the last instalment due in FY18 to minimise the fis- upcoming state and general election.
nal and domestic. The bottom line is that the Centre should lead from the front debt waivers announced by Maharashtra, Rajasthan cal risk associated with such decisions.
instead of passing the buck to the states. and Karnataka are outside their FY18 state budgets. As higher fiscal deficit of FY16 and FY17 would Sinha is principal economist and Pant is chief economist at
Thus, these states will have to either generate addi- exert pressure on interest payment, interest pay- India Ratings and Research (Ind-Ra). Views are personal
14 THE ECONOMIC TIMES The Edit Page THE ECONOMIC TIMES | NEW DELHI / GURGAON | THURSDAY | 28 DECEMBER 2017
Keep Deposits Out The IIMs Bill is a radical reform in India’s higher education system. It’s the first step to an overall systemic reboot
of FRDI’s Bail-In
Amend the bill to make this exclusion explicit
A Lesson for India’s Learning ence indicates that the best institu-
The Financial Resolution and Deposit Insurance Bill do- tions are substantially alumni-gover-
es not, contrary to social media consensus, advocate that ned. The stipulation of having at least
banks in crisis be recapitalised by bailing in deposits. It
essentially seeks to create a class of liabilities that are re-
three women and one scheduled caste
(SC) or scheduled tribe (ST) member Compassion Is
will ensure appropriate diversity.
cognised at the outset as being liable to be treated like Appointments to the IIMs have ge- Our Nature
equity in case a bank falls on bad times. However, a stipu- nerally been free of politics and bi-
ases. But the process had two pro- THE XIV DALAI LAMA
lation that deposits covered by deposit insurance would Kiran Karnik blems. One, the implicit political-bu-
be outside the ambit of bail-in suggests that deposits reaucratic control and the possibility Human beings, are intelligent,
of interference or influence in the fi- but if their intelligence is cont-
over this threshold could potentially be bailed-in. This ecember 19 was a red let-
FILE PHOTO
risk of falling by the wayside. The best way out is to minister. ce points to human nature being
the Lok Sabha a few months ago.
amend the bill to specifically exclude deposits from the li- The possible delays in the present essentially compassionate.
The Bill has declared the IIMs as “in-
process are exemplified by the num- Experience shows that by using
abilities that the Resolution Corporation could choose stitutions of national importance”
our intelligence, we can nurture
and they now have the authority to ber of positions that remained unfil- A grand new, modern architecture
for bail-in. led for long periods. A chairman for this seed and extend it to become
grant degrees. They also have the
The Financial Stability Board wants Global Systemi- the University Grants Commission than being left to the institute and its Undoubtedly, there must have be- infinite compassion. We can also
freedom to set up centres within the
(UGC) has only now been appointed, board. Such freedom may at least have en the great resistance from bureau- use our intelligence to dis-
cally Important Banks to create a capital buffer to raise country, and -- with intimation to
tinguish which of our emotions
GoI -- outside the country. seven months after the last regular been given to those IIMs that are finan- crats and politicians. It is to the cre-
their total loss absorption capacity to chair finished his term, though the ex- cially independent of grants from GoI. dit of this government, and particu- are disturbing and which are
These changes, welcome as they
a minimum of 18% of risk weighted act date of his laying down office was Second, it has been stipulated that the larly the present Human Resources constructive. Having a warm
are, represent but a small part of the
known years ago. One of the IITs, too, audit will be made by Comptroller and Development Minister Prakash Ja- heart and peace of mind are
assets by 2022. Bonds that are clearly more radical transformation that the
good for our physical health.
Bill lays out, especially with regard to has been without a regular board cha- Auditor General (CAG). Financial vadekar, that they have steered this
recognised at the time of issuance as ir for over a year. probity and transparency is essential. Bill through all barriers and got it This is why we need to adopt a
the governance of these institutes.
being liable to be bailed in would form Now, with the new Bill, at least the But the CAG audit is widely seen as unanimously passed by both Houses code of emotional hygiene.
The board of governors will now deci-
IIMs no longer have to worry about more of a nit-picking, fault-finding of Parliament. Emotions are part of our mind.
a large part of this capital buffer. Indi- de on its chairperson and will have the
Anger may have some defensive
authority of appointing the director, possible interference or delays in ap- one. Again, IIMs that don’t receive GoI The minister has expounded a phi-
an banks should build up similar, if pointment of key functionaries. Anot- funding could have been spared this losophy of ‘fund and forget’ for deser- function, but if it becomes
based on a search-cum-selection com-
smaller, capital buffers, and specifi- her method of bureaucratic control in pain. ving institutions. One hopes that his extreme and out of control, it
mittee the board will constitute. At
many central institutions is through Finally, the coordination council. refreshing new approach, evidenced disturbs our own peace of mind
cally leave deposits alone. This would raise the cost of a present, both these appointments are
and upsets the atmosphere
made by GoI. Each institute -- through the ‘Visitor’, which is the president. The need and value of such a council in the IIMs Bill, will make its way to all
bank’s services a tad, true. But that is the price of safety. Selection and other committees gene- is not clear. Fortunately, this is not cha- higher education institutions. After wherever we are….
its board and academic council -- will
An impression that deposits could be bailed in would re- rally include “a nominee of the Visi- ired by the prime minister. Otherwise, all, the two sectors that really stymie We are now more interdepen-
have the freedom to decide on courses,
tor”, providing the bureaucracy an it could well have been a mechanism the transformation of India are educa- dent than ever before. We also
sult in depositors flocking to government-owned banks curricula and fees.
face common challenges like the
entry point for possible interference. for the bureaucracy to centralise, com- tion and the justice system, both de-
or trying to keep their savings in non-financial assets, Radical Departures Fortunately, despite its inclusion in an mand and control. sperately needing reforms. threat of climate change. We
which would be wholly undesirable. On the whole, it wo- earlier draft, the final Bill has no posi- Dismantling the archaic, ossified have to take other’s interests
All this would not have been as radical
uld be helpful to specifically keep deposits outside liabili- if it were not for the composition of tion of Visitor in the IIMs governance Towards Autonomy UGC-All India Council for Technical into account… Our education
structure. Despite these few issues, the overall Education (AICTE) stranglehold and system should take an unbiased
the Board. Of the 15 members, only
ties that could be bailed in to recapitalise a bank. There are still some quibbles with Bill makes for a refreshing new go- political-bureaucratic control, and secular attitude and include
two will be from the government (one
The FRDI bill seeks to enhance the security of the fi- the Bill though. The first is with re- vernance philosophy and structure then putting in place autonomous but instructions about the advanta-
each from the Centre and state). Up to
gard to salaries. These are kept within that is a radical departure from the accountable governance structures, is ges of love and warm-hearted-
nancial system as a whole, which also matters to indivi- five members will be from the alumni,
the domain of government, rather past. It is, indeed, a big step forward no easy task. An excellent start has be- ness. In India, there is a longs-
a welcome move, since global experi-
dual depositors. As India integrates more into global fi- in providing autonomy and freedom en made with the IIMs Bill. But this is tanding tradition of ahimsa,
nancial and economic networks, it is vital to secure the to the IIMs and liberating them from only the first step to overall systemic non-violence, which is rooted in
the implicit political-bureaucratic reform. We can only wish more power karuna, compassionate tho-
system as a whole, to protect parts that could suddenly ught…. There is an urgent need
find themselves vulnerable, even if they themselves are
The two sectors that really stymie the transformation control that is the hallmark of the In- to the minister's elbow.
to combine modern education
dian higher education system. This
not at fault. of India are education and the justice system, both clearly makes these institutions mo- The writer is a member of the board of
with the ancient Indian under-
desperately needing reforms. re accountable. standing of the workings of the
governors of one of the IIMs
mind and emotions and the use
of logic.
For Democracy’s Sake Half the people* suffering from diabetes worldwide—or 212.4 million—
are unaware of their condition, according to the International Diabetes
Federation. And the highest numbers of undiagnosed people are in the
same countries with largest number of people with diabetes—China,
Chat Room
The opposition’s continued disruption of Parliament must India and the US.
“You should never
stop. By paralysing the functioning of the legislative arm of
ask anyone for
People with undiagnosed diabetes: top 10 countries (2017)
(in millions) Proportion undiagnosed (%)
Professional
Indian democracy, opposition parties are doing a great disser-
vice to representative democracy and the people of this count- anything. Never China 6.10 million 53.60%
urban bodies
Source: International Diabetes Federation’s Diabetes Atlas
ry. Instead, members must ensure that Parliament functions — and especially India 4.20 57.90%
Apropos the edit, ‘Planned
smoothly, their own grouses against the government are aired Towns for Public Transport’
from those who US 1.15 38.20% (Dec 27), urban local bodies
and legislative business gets done. are more powerful must be professionally mana-
The outrage over the shortened and delayed Winter session Brazil 0.76 73.70%
than yourself.” ged to be self-sustaining like
of Parliament sits ill with the ongoing truncation of Parlia- Mexico 0.57 46.00% their counterparts in developed
Mikhail Bulgakov countries. The centre’s smart
ment via disruption. Democracies are messy, that is the hall- Writer Indonesia 0.50 53.70%
cities project has not taken off
mark of free and open societies. But it is the institutions of de- Russia 0.47 61.50% because of lack of leadership,
mocracy that ensure it works, and Parliament is a key institu- vision and coordination by
Egypt 0.45 37.40%
tion. The onus of ensuring that Parlia- concerned authorities and
ment delivers on its promise of a Germany 0.44 53.10% political differences. This
situation must be urgently
functioning democracy lies with each Pakistan 0.39 56.00%
addressed to fast-track this
and every member of Parliament, with *20 to 79 years important initiative. Modern
the government and the Opposition. urban planning incorporating
meaningful, long-term and safe
Members, from the opposition and even
provision of public transport
the treasury benches have every right to need not be a distant dream;
question the government, seek clarifica- FOREIGN HAND Citings urban planners must take
tions, and push for modifications in laws, regulations and po- necessary action on war foo-
ting.
licy. That is not only their right but also their duty. It is incum-
bent on members of Parliament to ensure that the interests of
their constituents are articulated and reflected in laws and po-
licies. This responsibility is best discharged through discus-
sion and debate, and that is only possible when Parliament is
To Russia, with Love Learning
Curve
MAHENDRA B JAIN
Belgaum
or Modi—and do away with redundant neckwear altogether. often miss the headlines giving rise to An old flame being rekindled @timesgroup.com mes a priority' editet@timesgroup.com
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14 hindustantimes HINDUSTAN T IMES, NEW DELH I
T H U RSDAY, D ECEMBER 28, 2017
e sta b l i s h e d i n 1 9 24
comment
§
Mumbaisetsa Politicalingenuetoskilledpolitician
soberingexample As Sonia Gandhi steps away from the political
arena, her son has much to learn from her
ChandrikaKumaratungaorevenhermother-
in-lawIndiraGandhi,shewasnotbornintoa
politicalfamilywherethemantleofpowerfell
onher.Shewasarankoutsider,thedaughter
A
Butoncesheagreedtobecomepresidentofthe intothe patricianGandhifamilyandbecome
decade ago, the Mumbai Police launched a mis- partyin1998,theshyhesitationvanishedand partofahouseholdneveroutofthelimelight.
sion to curb drink driving on the city’s streets. It she became the unchallenged primus inter But helped by a doting mother-in-law, she
paresof the party. Those who challenged her grewintotheroleusingallshehadlearntfrom
I
was a late realisation considering two big cases – llfortunehaspursuedthepowerfulGan- weresoonvanquishedandexcommunicated themercurialIndirawhensheherselfentered
one allegedly involving actor Salman Khan, who dhifamilyasrelentlesslyastheFuriesin by a party which tried to prove itself more the muscular world of politics. She walked
aGreektragedy.Aprimeministeroften loyal than the queen. like her, dressed like her and eventually dis-
was later acquitted, and the other involving calledtheEmpressofIndiafelledbyher Whenshe renounced power after the Con- playedtheskillsthatearnedIndirathetitleof
21-year-old Alistair Pareira, for which own bodyguards. A handsome young gressroaredbacktocentrestagein2004,inone India’s most powerful politician.
he was convicted – had claimed eight ourtake former prime minister on a comeback trail
blown to bits by an assassin. Close to the epi-
centre of these cataclysmic events that
fell swoop, she ascended a rare pedestal in
Indian politics. She turned down the prime
ministership. There is nothing that Indians
For a person so obsessed with legacy, she
leaves her son a desperately difficult task of
rebuilding the shattered party. But if he has
innocent lives in a high-profile, head-
changed the course of politics in India and loveasmuchastheasceticwhoshunspower. n Sonia Gandhi leaves her son a difficult task learntfromSonia’sabilitytoforgefortuitous
line-grabbing manner. Compared to other big cities in India, it devastated by them was the woman who But behind this decision was a pragmatic of rebuilding the shattered party PTI alliances, project an inclusive and secular
wouldonedaycometocontrolthefortunesof understandingthatshewouldhavebeencon- front, accept that sometimes the party has to
was still an early wake-up call. Police pickets increased on the 132-year-old Congress party and eventu- stantly assailed by her detractors, among perhaps been nurtured by a great degree of play second fiddle to powerful regional par-
Mumbai’s arterial roads. The breathalyser became a common ally India. Sonia Gandhi may have been a them a then powerful Sharad Pawar, who inaccessibilitytothemedia.Yet,withcrowds ties, then he certainly has a fighting chance.
reluctant entrant into politics, pushed to the wouldconstantlyquestionherforeignorigin. inremotevillagesandtowns,shewasthecar- Asshemovesawayfromcentrestage,wereal-
policeman’s implement — almost as ubiquitous as the lathi. pinnacle by a party which unable to function The choice of the scholarly Dr Manmohan ingmatriarch,listeningintentlytotheirprob- ise that after all these years, we know so little
The result was instantaneous. People started leaving cars without the glue of the Gandhi family. When Singh was a masterstroke, seemingly giving lems. But even her deft political footwork aboutSoniaasaperson,herquirks,herlikes.
she stepped down as party president earlier her power without responsibility. It is then couldnotsaveapartycrumblingfrominertia We only know her as a fiercely protective
and bikes at home and taking cabs and autos even to pubs that thismonth,thetransformationofthepolitical that she did not play her cards too well. Her and sloth, unable to face an aggressive BJP mother, a street smart politician, a people
were just around the corner. It helped that Mumbai had a ingénue to consummate politician had National Advisory Council, full of latter-day and the masterly oratory of Narendra Modi. managerextraordinaire,aNehruviansocial-
becomethestuffoflegend.Thefactthatsheis Nehruviansocialistsandwhatmanyreferred The downhill slide has been on in full force ist. That is as far as she will let the public into
robust public transport system, and the habits of drinking but still there behind the scenes can only be of to dismissively as bleeding heart liberals since2013.Theparty’simprovedperformance herprivateworldandthatishowsheintends
comfort to her son as he begins his innings as seemed to overwhelm the economist prime indefeatinGujaratcouldmarkthebeginning to keep it. What’s her favourite dish? What
not driving, or not drinking when driving, started to spread for
presidentafterasomewhatchequeredcareer minister’s governance, pushing through of a revival, though, and is perhaps a a fitting doessheread?Doesshewatchmovies?Which
fear of retribution. Drink driving cases in Mumbai rose from nowsalvagedbythegoodshowinginGujarat. giant social welfare schemes many of which parting gift to Sonia. are her favourite holiday destinations? As
It will also be of comfort to her partymen and went against the grain of the liberalisation When learned articles are written on long as we don’t know the answers, we will
1,022 in 2006 to 12,765 in 2007, the year the campaign started. themillionswhosupportthegrandoldparty. andcompetitivenessthatDrSinghespoused. womenleadersinAsia,Sonia’snamefeatures remain fascinated by this enigmatic woman
This week, the Mumbai Police released its drink driving figures Many people forget the circumstances TheSoniamystiqueremainsintactevenas prominently.Butunlike, saySheikhHasina, even as she steps off the political arena.
under which she stepped into politics. She she moves away from the spotlight. This has Benazir Bhutto, Megawati Sukarnoputri, n Lalita.Panicker@hindustantimes.com
for Christmas, showing they had fallen to just 31 on a night of
revelry. This is an instance of anecdotes supporting police sta-
tistics. The numbers are down not because of inaction or
improper recording of transgressions; they illustrate a chang-
DISTORTINGISLAM
NDA’s new scheme won’t
ing mindset. Hurtling down the road in a powerful metal box
demands great responsibility. The driver has a weapon in their
hands, which can destroy lives if wielded callously.
address farm distress
In Delhi, there are police pickets, and some breathalysers Stabilising horticultural production incomes is crucial
are brandished occasionally. But anecdotal evidence suggests for augmenting farm incomes
that despite the statistics (28,006 people were caught for drink Another problem with the proposed
driving in 2016), the deterrent is not strong enough and the exe- ROSHAN schemeisthelackofstorageinfrastructure
KISHORE inmoststates.AccordingtoNovember2017
cution not robust enough. The response of the police, unlike figures, 70% of the Food Corporation of
Mumbai, is not to take offenders in custody but to merely fine India’stotalfoodstoragecapacityisconcen-
tratedinthenorthernregionofthecountry.
them. The police in Delhi and other cities must emulate the It is more likely that the procured grain
would rot due to a lack of proper storage.
Mumbai Police’s efficiency on this front. And though it may
F
acedwiththespectreofruralanti-in- One of the primary goals of the MSP pol-
hurt to hear this, given the rivalry between the two cities, per- cumbencyaftertheGujaratresults, icy is toprovideaprice floortoprotectfarm
the Modigovernment is in firefight- incomes. Received wisdomin India blames
haps Delhi can learn a thing or two from Mumbai. ing mode. Reportedly, a scheme is lack of reforms in agricultural markets for
being planned to provide partial support to the large gap between farm gate and retail
n Muslim girls at a mass marriage in Mumbai. The Koran gives the man a way out of marriage stategovernmentstoprocurecrops(except pricesofagriculturalcommodities.Letting
through the provision of talaq and the woman through the right of khula PRATHAM GOKHALE/ HT riceandwheat)forwhichminimumsupport goofstatecontrolsisnosilverbulletforthis
prices(MSPs)areannounced.Stateswhodo problem. One statistic can be cited to coun-
§
S
tock market investors have had a good year. The bench- HAMEED When I wrote the first ever report on the money, but when they fall, it is the farmer IndianspentjustaroundRs.80(urbanIndi-
status of Muslim women in India in 2000, I whoisruined.Theproposedschemewilldo ans spent Rs. 120) per month on vegetables
mark Sensex has crossed 34,000, gaining around 28%. warned that unless the Maulanas and Alims nothing to correct this fundamental asym- and fresh fruits in 2011-12. If people could
Investors shrugged off changes such as the note ban and directthecommunitytopractiseIslam inthe metry in risk sharing for more than half of afford to spend more on these items, the
light of the basic tenets of the Koran and India’s farm produce. farmer would find a lot more opportunities
the GST which disrupted business. A sluggish economy, disap- abjure the abhorrent practices of triple talaq An even bigger question is what state to sell his products without depending on
T
pointing investment in capacity building and lacklustre corpo- he government’s decision to intro- andmultiplemarriages,theywouldregretit. governmentswilldowiththeprocuredfood intermediaries who have access to better
duce theMuslimWomen(Protection Sonowwehaveaproposedlawwhichcrim- grain?Thepublicdistribution system(PDS) logisticalandfinancialresourcestotransact
rate earnings haven’t impeded the steady rise in stock prices. ofRights on Marriage)Billin the Lok inalisestripletalaqasacognisablenon-baila- entitlements are currently limited to rice, in distant markets.
Sabha today poses a challenge to the ble offence with a three- year jail term and a wheat and coarse grains. Trying to sell the Concepts such as farmers’ markets –
Two years of good rains and a pay raise for government staff has
Muslimcommunity. Asanexampleofitsdis- fine. Women’s groups who had joined hands procured grains even on a zero-profit basis where farmers directly sell a wide range of
fuelled hopes of higher domestic consumption in 2018 and kept regard for the community most affected, the withaggrievedwomenlikeShayaraBanoare wouldmeancompetingagainstsellersinthe producetofoodsecurityprogrammebenefi-
minister of state for law and justice has said today pulling in different directions. ‘Too market.Thisisnotpractical.Ifstatesdecide ciaries – being practised in the US can help
the markets going. Domestic institutional investors invested a that in framing this law, no Muslim groups harshapunishment’saysonegroup‘because toofferpulsesandoilseedsatsubsidisedpri- achievethisobjective.Thenumberoffarm-
record Rs. 91,000 crore in Indian stocks this year betting that the had been consulted. it gives a free hand to the police to terrorise ces through their PDS, it would entail an ers’ markets in US has increased by more
The Koranic provision on talaqis clear. In Muslim youth and throw them in jail leaving additional financial burden on already than five times between 1994 and 2017. This
economy will see a cyclical recovery the next fiscal year. Islam,thereisnoconceptofreincarnation.To the broken family to fend for itself’. ‘Harsh stressed state finances. shows that it is popular among both sellers
Yet, as 2018 approaches, investors should brace for increasing enjoythegiftofthislife,theprovisionofgrace- punishmentismostimportantasadeterrent’, Such a policy could work if the PDS were and buyers.
ful separation is provided in case marriage saystheothergroup‘becauseitwillstopMus- tobemade broad-basedwith provisions for Canwenotenvisageabasiccash/coupon
volatility. For one, stock prices are appearing that much more becomes intolerable for either party. Hence lim men from keeping their wives under the distribution of pulses and edible oil. In that transfer programme which would allow
expensive when compared against earnings growth which has the concept of talaq and khula. The man is sword of Damocles’. One suggestion being case, states would be eligible for funds PDS beneficiaries to buy vegetables and
givenawayoutthroughtheprovisionoftalaq madeistotreattripletalaqasviolenceagainst required to distribute the procured food fruits from similar markets? This would
not kept pace. While analysts have predicted an earnings recov- and the woman through the right of khula. women and bring it under the Protection of grains under the proposed scheme. augmentfarmincomesandalsoaddressthe
Thebalanceisperfectandexplainedwith pre- WomenfromDomesticViolence(PWDV)Act. rampant malnutrition problem. To begin
ery over the next year, it should be noted that profit margins
cision in the Koran. Both ways, the woman remains a victim and with,theprojectcouldbestartedindistricts
could get squeezed as companies face rising input cost pressures. Inpre-IslamicArabia,whentheKoranwas not an arbiter of her fate as was intended by WHEN PRICES RISE, THE most prone to malnutrition. Even
Rising oil prices may prompt the government to abandon fiscal
revealed 1,437 years ago, girl children were Koranic injunction. MIDDLEMEN MAKE MONEY, BUT the MGNREGA was started on a pilot
buriedatbirth. Inthesecircumstances,came For the situation in which Muslims find basis initially.
prudence at a time when GST collections have been lower than amanwhorevealedAllah’swordthatwomen themselves, they have only themselves to
WHEN THEY FALL, IT IS THE Wouldn’t this be a better use for money
expected. A fiscal slippage could fuel inflation and lead to higher
were equal to men in every way. That they blame. We we can prevent future damage by FARMER WHO IS RUINED. THE than subsidising the purchase of bajra or
were free agents with rights in marriage,
divorce, property and income. In a society
reverting to spirit of Islam and not distort it
through biased interpretations.
PROPOSED SCHEME WILL DO mustard without any clarity about their
end-use,whichiswhattheproposedscheme
borrowing costs. The chances of a fiscal slippage are anyway
wheremencontractedscoresofmarriagesthe Syeda Hameed is the founder member and current NOTHING TO CORRECT THIS would lead to?
high as the government might choose to go populist with as many Koran said ‘enough’. No more than four but
addedanextsentenceformen.‘Sinceyouare
president of the Muslim Women’s Forum
The views expressed are personal
FUNDAMENTAL ASYMMETRY roshan.k@htlive.com
as five state polls lined up next year and the February Budget n
being the last one for the government before elections in 2019. On
top of this, there is the risk that foreign fund flows will dry up as
Sri Mata Amritanandamayi Devi life, a higher purpose, which is to know and dharma; my dharma is to work as a musi-
global central banks turn off the easy money spigot and attempt realise who we are. cian or an actor or a businessman.”
Most human beings see life as a constant Regardless of all they have accumulated It is okay if one feels this way. However,
to shrink their bloated balance sheets.
These are downside risks. If domestic flows keep compensat-
innervoice struggle for survival. Such people believe
in the theory “only the strong survive.”
or are striving to acquire, for most people
life still feels incomplete — like the letter
to find fulfilment, it’s important to direct
our energy towards the supreme goal
They are satisfied with a normal way of liv- ‘C’. Only spiritual knowledge and realisa- of life. No matter who we are or what we
ing for falling foreign flows, investment demand picks up as fore-
cast by some analysts and multilateral agencies, and economic THE REAL PURPOSE OF LIFE ing — for example, getting a house, a job, a
car, a wife or husband, children and
tion of the self can unite the two ends, mak-
ing it like the letter ‘O’. That alone is how
re doing, the duties we perform in the
world should help us reach the
growth surprises on the upside, that could keep the markets run- IS TO KNOW AND REALISE enough money to live.
Yes, these are important, and we need to
we gain a feeling of complete fullness, with
absolutely nothing else to gain in life.
supreme dharma, which is oneness with
the universal self.
ning. All said, the buzzword for markets in 2018 is volatility WHO WE ARE focus on our day-to-day lives and to take
care of our responsibilities and obliga-
Owing to identification with the body
and mind, one may think, “To seek the Self
Inner Voice comprises contributions from our
readers. The views expressed are personal
tions, small and big. But there is more to and attain self-realisation is not my n Innervoice@hindustantimes.com
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MANAGING EDITOR: SOUMYA BHATTACHARYA
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THE TRIBUNE
08 OPINION CHANDIGARH | THURSDAY | 28 DECEMBER 2017
C
HINA’S much-touted “Silk neighbouring Yunnan province by oil
Roads” and “Maritime Silk and gas pipelines and road and rail net-
A militaristic policy has its limits Routes” trace their origin works. But, Myanmar is wary of
historically to its trade overdependence on China, among oth-
P
AKISTAN can be counted upon to provide New Delhi with ample across Central Asia and the Indian er reasons, because of Beijing’s insa-
opportunities to divert attention from other challenges and embar- Ocean. Interestingly, silk constituted tiable quest for environmentally dam-
rassments as well as reinforce its muscular nationalist credentials. a relatively small portion of Chinese aging energy projects and its yearning
Three days after a cross-border strike killed four Indian soldiers, Army trade, though it gave an exotic con- for access to precious metals and
commandoes evened the score by crossing into Pakistan; this claim of tent to what was primarily commer- stones. Myanmar may, however, find it
surgical strike Lite, although made by anonymous Army officials, has to cial activity, in which China was the difficult to resist Chinese pressures on
be taken at face value. This approach, in effect, suggests the government principal beneficiary. The Maritime such projects unless India, Japan,
will henceforth bank on strong armed means to bring Pakistan to heel Silk Route across the Indian Ocean South Korea, the US, the EU and
or the negotiating table. The hand of the partisan crowd in South Block was first set during the course of sev- neighbouring ASEAN countries make
would have been strengthened by their weak hand in the Jadhav case. en expeditions between 1404 and 1433 a coordinated effort to strengthen eco-
The government’s spin masters have performed wonderfully in by a Chinese naval fleet headed by nomic relations with it. A similar
turning a tactical blunder in the Jadhav case around into one of wound- Admiral Zheng He, a Mongolian Mus- approach would be needed to China’s
lim eunuch, appointed by Ming THE CATCH: Sri Lanka has been forced to give China partial ownership of Hambantota. approach to construction projects in
ed national pride: Pakistan had set an impossibly short deadline for
emperor Yongle. During the course of Nepal and Bangladesh.
New Delhi to decide whether it would allow Jadhav’s mother and wife
these expeditions to Indonesia, office buildings. All these projects will ships visit Hambantota Port, barely China’s “all-weather friend” Pak-
to meet him in Islamabad; once the duo was in Pakistan, its authorities Malaysia, Sri Lanka and Calicut, soon become part of Sri Lanka’s mount- one aircraft lands at the airport daily istan is also facing problems in imple-
controlled the narrative for the benefit of its domestic audience as well Zheng brought back kings and ing official debt burdens and accentuate and the sports facilities remain menting the much-touted CPEC.
as show up India as an abettor of terrorism. Islamabad can be depend- princes to “kowtow” (genuflect) the already unbearable debt burden unutilised, even as local opinion was Despite high-level meetings, important
ed upon to extract the maximum mileage from the jailed Indian as well before the Ming emperor. Colombo has accumulated, from earlier outraged by the proposed construction projects like the Diamer-Bhasha Dam
as keep the border hot. New Delhi will have to fall back on the only Indonesia has ensured that it Chinese “aid”. The main instruments of of an industrial park. Sri Lanka has located in Gilgit-Baltistan, in POK, are
option left in its quiver — match each Pakistani military misadventure responds cautiously to Chinese induce- this aid and plunder of natural been spending 90 per cent of govern- stalled because of disagreements on
with one of its own. This strategy will keep the hawks in India content- ments and avoids getting closely drawn resources are the China Communica- ment revenues to service debts. financial terms set by the Chinese.
ed — just like the verbal skirmishing over Jadhav’s mulakat activated into a Chinese embrace. Beijing, howev- tions Construction Company and its Unable to repay its debts to China, Sri There are also differences on imple-
their counterparts in Pakistan — but is hardly an end in itself. er, seems to have drawn Sri Lanka into subsidiary, the China Harbour Engi- Lanka has been forced to convert Chi- menting the railway projects based out
On the other hand, this all-consuming entanglement with the its spiders’ web, taking advantage of neering Company. World Bank has nese investments into equity in Ham- of Peshawar and Karachi, apart from a
neighbour is not raising India’s profile. The lesson from the Doklam the island’s economic vulnerabilities. blacklisted both these companies across bantota, giving the Chinese partial series of road projects. Moreover, there
One has to recall what Admiral Zheng the world because of their corrupt prac- ownership of the port. Following dis- is very little transfer of technology and
standoff with China is salutary: no neighbour was awed by India’s
did to the hapless island-nation after a tices, including bribery. The only well creet Indian expressions of concern, knowhow, and minimal local participa-
military “resolve”; in fact, some exhibit a more independent streak
visit to Calicut in 1406, to “get the Bud- executed and profitable Chinese-built Sri Lanka has retained operational tion in Chinese construction projects.
since then. They will be less impressed by India’s inability to man- dha’s tooth relic”. He returned to Sri project in Sri Lanka is the Container control of the port, ensuring that Chi- Beijing has, after all, to utilise its vast
age its ties with Pakistan. The lopsidedness in India’s strategic out- Lanka in 1411 with a large army to take surplus labour force and construction
look needs urgent correction: a much-sought ally by the big powers revenge for an earlier perceived insult. machinery and materials, abroad as its
for its market and military potential but with an overbearing image Parts of the island were plundered and
China’s corridor objective is not borne out of a desire to help struggling unprecedented domestic construction
of a schoolyard bully in the immediate neighbourhood. the Sri Lankan king, Vira Alakeswara, nations. When the time comes, it will take back more than is due to it. projects at home are completed.
taken back to Nanjing to kowtow before . Questions are now being raised in
the emperor, together with the holy rel- Pakistan about where resources will
ic. The king was replaced by a “mal- Terminal in Colombo. nese submarines and warships do not come from to repay the over $50 billion
Setting the Karnataka scene leable” ruler. While the humiliated king
was returned to his people a few years
later, the relic was returned six centuries
Apart from the crushing debt burden
of the Colombo Port City Project, Chi-
nese projects located in President
freely berth there. Some pre-emptive
action has also been taken to ensure
that the eastern port of Trincomalee
debt that will accrue from CPEC proj-
ects, where local participation is mini-
mal. Moreover, Pakistan will soon be
Union minister Hegde’s abusive formulations later in 1960, by PM Chou en Lai, as a Rajapakse’s own constituency, Ham- does not become the next port of inter- unable to credibly claim that it exercis-
gesture of “goodwill”, Chinese style. bantota, have imposed an unsustain- est for Chinese strategic ambitions, es its sovereignty in places like the
S
INCE Karnataka is the next major stop on the electoral calendar, Chinese trade was historically as able debt burden on Sri Lanka. Given thanks to a timely initiative of Petrole- Gwadar Port, which is all set to become
it is only natural that the political parties should want to start exploitative as trade by the British East Western aversion for his regime and um Minister Dharmendra Pradhan. a Chinese-run military base, close to the
setting the narrative for that battle. Union Minister of State India Company! Indian doubts about the project’s via- The Indian Oil Corporation has estab- strategic Straits of Hormuz. Writing in
Ananth Kumar Hedge has cast the first stone; he has come up with a Colombo is, nowadays, full of hoard- bility, President Rajapakse welcomed lished a business presence in Sri Lan- the respected Dawn newspaper, colum-
mouthful commentary about the “secularists.” This is a deliberately ings of China’s “magnanimity”, mani- Chinese “assistance” to develop his ka for progressive involvement in the nist Khurram Hussein perceptively
provocative exercise, intended to create a kind of intellectual fested in its “assistance” in infrastruc- constituency. He sought and obtained use of Trincomalee for import and pro- observes: “In reality, the China-Pakistan
respectability for the BJP’s religious-oriented discourse. By publicly ture, industrial and construction Chinese “support” to heavily finance cessing of petroleum products. It is Economic Corridor is about allowing
mocking the “secularists”, the Union minister seeks to prepare projects. Beyond the Galle Main Road in projects ranging from the Hambantota imperative to build on this by con- Chinese enterprises to assume domi-
Colombo is the $1.4 billion Port City Pro- Port to a power plant, an airport, an structing a modern petroleum refinery nant positions in all dynamic sectors of
ground for a rhetoric soaked in communal overtones. We have been
ject to be filled with Chinese built, industrial park, a cricket stadium and a on equitable terms in Trincomalee. Pakistan’s economy, as well as a ‘strate-
given a glimpse of a new attempt at a politics of Hindu consolidation.
owned, or managed, luxury apartments, sports complex. All these investments China’s Belt and Road Initiative in gic’ direction that is often hinted at, but
There can be nothing innocent about Minister Hegde’s formula- golf course, theme park, hotels and have proved uneconomical. Hardly any Myanmar is primarily concentrated on never fleshed out.”
tion. According to him, it is perfectly understandable for anyone to
take pride in a religious or caste identity — be it Christian, Muslim, or
Lingayat or Brahmin or Hindu — because such invocation only help
establish that person’s “lineage”. By the token of this unintelligent
axiom of wisdom, those who choose to locate themselves in an ideo-
logical construct — say, as a communist, or a socialist or a swayamse-
vak — would be deemed to be lacking in “lineage”. The union minis-
ter of state seems to be at odds with his own prime minister who has
Vanity, thy name is human
been tirelessly exhorting the people to rise above the old allure of Ritu Kumar asserting their superiority by fixing ty-ridden culture which makes one opinion of themselves.
caste and community and to embrace the new religion of vikas. plaques, proclaiming their generosity, believe that self-obsession is in vogue A man who thinks his stature is larger
E
In any case, electoral mobilisation in Karnataka, like in any other part VERY year in November, a inside temples, outside halls, charita- and we fall in this honey-dipped vani- than life constantly preaches about his
‘Ram katha’ is organised in ble institutions, etc. There are, no ty trap. We all have a deep, innate need ‘moral worth’ and rags-to-riches suc-
of India, is thoroughly caste-centric and Minister Hegde’s fulminations
our neighbourhood, in the doubt, a handful of people who make to belong to someone or something. cess story. He talks and writes about
against the “secularists” may simply make no sense to the Kanadiga vot-
open space in front of our house. It substantial donations for charity We need to matter. Human need is to ‘care’ and ‘compassion’ but himself
ers. However, what is troublesome about Hegde’s observations is his views is a pleasure to be part of pious ren- anonymously. This is true service, accomplish the basic physiological, lacks these virtues. All conversation is
on the Constitution of India; it is not just that he is disdainful towards the derings, as I can listen to the chant- where the self is negated. social and self-esteem needs. Nobody about ‘I, me, myself’. Blaise Pascal said:
Constitution but that he is deliberately flaunting his contempt. This mid- ings sitting at home only. At the end All religions and myths warn against dreams of being one among millions, ‘Do you wish people to think well of
dle-rung Hindutva warrior is not the first arrogant politico wanting to of every session, a feast is served to vanity. From Greece comes the story but desires to be noticed for self-pro- you? Don’t speak well of yourself.’
change the Constitution. This has been an old obsession with the right- all. As people partake of it, the mike of Narcissus who admired himself so claimed abilities. When we move with What a pity this brilliant personality
wing in India, and repeatedly, the liberal, democratic, progressive voices constantly blurts out “we are grate- deeply that he couldn’t look away friends, colleagues and relatives, we fails to see goodness in others.
and institutions have joined hands to roll back any attempt to tinker with ful to so and so family who has gra- from his own reflection in the water. deal with people bristling with pride ‘Pride relates more to our opinion of
the Constitution. Minister Hegde’s fulminations have only confirmed an ciously paid for the feast”. I marvel Since he couldn’t bring himself to and prejudice and snobbery. Why do ourselves, vanity to what we would
unyielding outlook at work. The polity stands forewarned. at the charity and vanity of the rich look up to see or appreciate who loved we wish to revel in our own praise? To have others think of us,’ said Jane
who take pride in getting their him, he couldn’t return love. Nothing talk about one’s success or philan- Austen. The joy of being an anony-
names announced umpteen times in could deviate him from self-love. What thropy is not wrong, but where does mous benefactor can make one take
such a manner. a tragedy to die unable to relate to any- pride end and vanity begin? Some pride in oneself and make life worth-
Thought for the Day Family pride, caste pride, national thing but an image of oneself. This people feel happy to be admired, some while. To be an ‘unknown’, ‘unseen’
pride are words we listen to quite fre- tendency of self-praise is propounded feel good by criticising others and still empathiser is the best realisation of
A question is a trap and an answer is your foot in it. — John Steinbeck quently. We often come across people by glossy advertisements and celebri- some by expressing a grandiose one’s essence.
Letters to the Editor, typed in double space, should not exceed the 200-word limit. These should be cogently written and can be sent by e-mail to: Letters@tribuneindia.com
THE TRIBUNE
CHANDIGARH | THURSDAY | 28 DECEMBER 2017 OPED 09
T
HE World Inequality Report for requires policy measures accompanied
2018 was recently published by a with reforms in its labour laws to tackle the
global team of economists using rising employment inequality problem.
cutting-edge methodology to
include indicators like offshore
wealth estimates, inheritance wealth data,
4 Maximise feedback on policy imple-
mentation and minimise information
asymmetry: Policies alone in theory or on
fiscal data on taxes, household income etc paper may make sense but may do little to
and estimate the growing extent of eco- actually cause real, existential change. A
nomic inequality across the world. robust, transparent feedback mechanism
Since the 1980s, income inequality has to see the implementation cycle of existing
increased rapidly in North America, China, and new policies (tackling economic
India and Russia. As per the report, in 2016, inequality) requires greater attention.
the share of the total national income The 2018 Inequality Report suggests the
accounted for by top 10 per cent earners creation of a global financial register to doc-
was 37 per cent in Europe, 41 per cent in ument land/real-estate registries across
China, 46 per cent in Russia, 47 per cent in countries to help tax authorities to use the
US-Canada, and around 55 per cent in the EMPLOYMENT INEQUALITY: Countries like India need to step up labour intensity to offset potential job loss due to automation. AFP information to combat tax fraud. Similarly,
sub-Saharan Africa, Brazil, and India and transparency in financial accounting and
in the Middle East (most unequal region), it ing economic inequality levels as against social capital. In a country like India, eco- and after early 2000s. A key area to explore political decision-making helps minimise
is a whopping 61 per cent. focus on tackling absolute poverty per se. nomic inequality is deeply intertwined reforms in taxation within high income information asymmetry that increases
The analysis offered in the study points to The work of contemporary scholars like with widespread social inequality, making and low income countries is on inheritance transaction cost (intra/inter contracts) in
the deepening of income and other forms Branko Milanovic, Thomas Piketty, Joseph upward income mobility difficult for peo- wealth taxation where hardly any reforms sectors across developing countries.
of economic inequality across all regions of Stiglitz and Kaushik Basu and research ple who are trapped under extreme pover- have taken place. Further, the tax and legal Organisations like Oxfam, World Bank
the world. In countries like the US, massive from institutions like the World Bank pro- ty conditions. Poverty here doesn't refer system that promotes collective profit- and others have made huge strides in
educational inequalities accompanied by a vide lucid insights into the deeper, rudi- merely to low levels of income but includes sharing from a nation's income amongst all experimenting with micro-level economic
less progressive tax system and low public mentary causes for the rising inequality in a deprivation in terms of access to basic its income earners and taxpayers (across initiatives (say, cash to community micro-
spending on higher education explain the both the developing and developed worlds. social opportunities. Thus, enhancing classes) is a must for tackling inequality. It finance programmes) and document peri-
rising inequality trend. The political economy of growing capabilities for all citizens of a is pertinent to ensure that a monopoly of odic feedback from their implementation
The contemporary development dis- inequality is further visible in the wide- developing/developed nation through production in economic activity does not cycles to allow agencies of the state to
course on the need to assess and (re)evalu- spread (geo)-political shift towards the access to social opportunities holds para- culminate into a monopoly of income. implement these under different social and
ate worsening economic inequality across
developing countries along with its impact
right where leaders justify the exacerbat-
ing extent of economic inequality as a cul-
mount importance for minimising the
extent of inequality. 3 Mapping technological growth: Coun-
tries like India and China with a large
economic arrangements. A successful tran-
sition from a micro to macro reform may
on their growth capabilities continues to
gain widespread attention. A casual stroll
around cities like Delhi, Rio de Janeiro,
minating outcome of the neo-liberal mar-
ket-led policies practised in the recent past.
In the 21st century, addressing the high
2 Progressive tax reforms: Reforming
tax laws and rates to ensure a progres-
sive tax system across countries is a long-
labour-surplus economy face a key chal-
lenge in maintaining their competitiveness
(in trade and commerce) while adapting to
help implement reform strategies more
efficiently, while a blind adoption of one-
size-fits-all solution (drawn from one coun-
New York City, Beijing etc offers vivid level of economic inequality requires dras- term measure to reduce spatial income and technological changes taking place across try to another) must be avoided.
depictions of the disease surfacing from tic measures. A short pertinent list of a few wealth inequality across regions. In the US, the globe. There is little evidence that sug- In theory, most of the above measures to
unequal distribution of essential resources policy measures includes: the recent congressional cut in corporate gests job destruction (in terms of total fac- address inequality have been around for
(urban housing, employment opportuni-
ties, access to social opportunities).
Recent development scholarships sug-
1 Public investments in widening
access: An increase in public invest-
ments in healthcare and education sector-
tax rates can be seen as a "moral abomina-
tion" where highest income earners (like
Trump) stand to benefit, with little incen-
tor productivity levels) emerging from the
use of automation yet.
However, labour-surplus economies
some time. What is needed is a cohesive,
democratic political consensus led by grad-
uated movements of social change to incor-
gest that developing states should focus on wise — within primary, secondary and ter- tive for bottom income base. Tax progres- require technological innovations to porate these measures to help countries
policy measures that address the relative tiary areas — allows a society to tackle sivity was sharply reduced in rich and improve labour-intensity (and not capital design a viable blueprint to tackle the deep-
nature of poverty, visible from exacerbat- economic inequality by developing its some emerging countries since the 1970s intensity alone) while increase the real ening of economic inequality.
T
HE Lok Sabha has passed the development and evolution of persons and which would be referred to the district legal recognition, the transgender individ-
Transgender Persons (Protection includes "expressing oneself in diverse screening committee constituted for the ual could be subjected to physical, sexual
of Rights) Bill, 2016, which is now forms, freely moving about and mixing and purpose of recognition of transgender . The and emotional abuse. And, while such
to be tabled before the Rajya Sab- comingling with fellow human beings.” committee would comprise chief medical abuse is an offence, it attracts a penalty of a
ha. Sadly, this Bill "to provide for protection Recently, the SC, in the case of National officer, district social welfare officer, psy- mere six months’ to two years’ imprison-
of rights of transgender persons and their Legal Services Authority vs Union of India chologist or psychiatrist, representative of
welfare" rather defeats their rights. (2014), issued directives to the government the transgender, and an officer of the gov- Self-determination a right of transgenders
It is well settled that the determination of covering issues such as affirmative action, ernment, nominated by the government. Gender identity forms the basic aspect of personal
gender to which a person belongs is to be social welfare schemes and medical care to Such a provision is patently in violation autonomy and self-determination as per Article 21
decided by the person concerned, as gender realise the rights of the transgender com- of the rights of the third gender guaranteed of the Constitution.
identity forms the basic aspect of personal munity.This judgment, emphasised the under Article 21 and, indeed, the entire
autonomy and self-determination as per rights regime of the 'third gender' founded human rights jurisprudence. No individual
The third gender have the right to determine them-
selves as belonging to the said community, rather
Rather than Article 21 of the Constitution. The Supreme
Court took the view in Anuj Garg vs Hotel
on the guarantees of Articles 14, 19 and 21.
One would have expected Parliament to
can be forced to undergo medical screen-
ing to identify and recognise his/her sexu-
than placing reliance on the biological test to
establish their identity.
safeguarding the Association of India (2008) that "personal
autonomy includes both the negative right
enact legislation furthering the cause high-
lighted by the SC of "safeguarding the
al orientation and gender identity, which is
one of the most basic aspects of self-deter- ment in contradistinction to stiffer penal-
rights of the third of not to be subject to interference by others rights of this community under Part III of mination, dignity and freedom. ties for such offences in the IPC that extend
and the positive right of individuals to our Constitution." The Bill does exactly the This has been reiterated by the SC in up to seven years.
gender, the make decisions about their life, to express opposite. Firstly, it ignores the welfare numerous cases, the latest being the right The provisions of the Bill rest on the idea
themselves and to choose which activities schemes suggested by the SC in its judg- to privacy judgment which explained that of exclusion. They can be used to victimise
Transgender Persons to take part in. Self-determination of gender ment in National Legal Services Authority "privacy includes at its core the preserva- the community of the third gender, and are
is an integral part of personal autonomy vs Union of India (2014). Secondly, it in tion of personal intimacies, the sanctity of downright contemptuous and demeaning.
Bill, 2016, passed by and self-expression and falls within the effect re-introduces the biological test to family life, marriage, procreation, the One hopes that the retrograde Bill does not
the LS does exactly realm of personal liberty guaranteed under
Article 21 of the Constitution of India.”
determine gender identity of a transgender
individual while ostensibly mouthing the
home and sexual orientation.”
Further, this provision would deter people
become law in its present form as that
would be a fatal blow to the transgender
the opposite. Earlier, in Francis Coralie Mullin vs
Administrator, Union Territory of Delhi
principle that transgender people "have a
right to self-perceived gender identity.”
who identify themselves as belonging to
the third gender from admitting and reveal-
community, robbing the transgender indi-
vidual of his/her dignity.
An Unjustifiable Supersession.
22 Gaffe.
3 9 HIMACHAL PRADESH
Dharamsala 16 07
A QUESTION was asked at the meeting of C.P. Legislative Council Manali 13 00
about the resignation of Tarabai Modak, B.A., first assistant lady Yesterday’s solution calendar Nahan 19 07
teacher of Amraoli Girls' High School, owing to her supersession by 5 7 8 2 1 3 9 4 6 Shimla 17 08
December 28, 2017, Thursday
Ms Pascal, an Anglo-Indian lady teacher of no University qualifica- ■ Solan 21 02
tions. Government admitted that Ms Pascal had no University quali- ACROSS 17 Furry freshwater mammal (5) 4 Secure by intimidation (6) 3 4 1 8 9 6 5 2 7 Vikrami Samvat 2074
■ Shaka Samvat 1939 JAMMU & KASHMIR
fication and was put over Mrs. Modak but said the latter "was unwill- 1 Fabric with raised design (7) 19 Any tactics permitted (2,5,6) 5 Small tassels (5) 2 6 9 4 7 5 1 3 8 ■ Posh Shaka 7 Jammu 18 11
5 Chef’s tall hat (5) 20 Imposing arrangement (5) 6 Four-sided figure (13) ■
ing to reside in the hostel" and unprepared to undertake hostel work, 6 2 3 1 5 7 4 8 9 ■
Posh Parvishte 14 Leh 03 -07
Hijari 1439
for which Miss Pascal had been trained. It does not stand to reason 8 Dexterity in conjuring (7,2,4) 21 Constancy (7) 7 Infinite (7) 4 9 5 3 6 8 2 7 1 ■ Shukla Paksha Tithi 10,
Srinagar 10 -01
that Mrs. Modak should be superseded by a new-comer, especially 9 Meaning (5) 11 Purplish red (7) 1 8 7 9 4 2 6 5 3 up to 00.77 am UTTARAKHAND
when it is recognised that the presence of a high-class Hindu lady of ■ Dehradun 23 08
10 Reticence (7) DOWN 13 An irregularity (7) 8 3 6 5 2 1 7 9 4 ■
Shiva Yog up to 00.57 am
University qualifications will induce Hindu parents to send their girls Ashwin Nakshatra up to Mussoorie 23 08
11 Powerful (6) 1 First principle (5) 14 Ship (6) 00.38 am
to higher classes more than that of any English or Anglo-Indian lady. 7 5 4 6 3 9 8 1 2 ■ Nainital 17 06
12 Texan city (6) 2 A marine scientist (13) 16 Flourishing (5) Moon in Aries sign
TEMPERATURE IN OC
9 1 2 7 8 4 3 6 5 ■ Gandmool up to 00.38 am
15 Come to grips (7) 3 To increase in size (7) 18 Healthily red (5)
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देखभाल करते थे,
उपेषा करता है, या उसके रिशवनकादरयं की मांग मानते ुए अपने कानून चाल है। भारत के कूटनीदतक पादक्तान की हर लेहकन चािते थे हक
साथ बातचीत नहं करता मंरी को हटाना पड़ा। तो कहने का मतलब यह चाल पर नजर रख रहे हं और उसकी चाल के
है, तो पादक्तान को यह दक दजस िेश की सरकार की बात वहां की सेना बाि हमं ्या करना है, उस पर भी आगे बढ़कर उनका बेटा ंरेजी
बुत बुरा लगता है। उसकी नहं मानती है, उसकी बातं पर ्यं भरोसा दकया सोच रहे हं। हििा पाए। गांव के
हमेशा से कोदशश रही है जाए और उसके साथ बातचीत मं सेना को ्यं अगर दनयंरण रेखा पर गोलाबारी जारी रहती है, थकूल मं हििकं के
दक हर फोरम पर उसे भारत के बराबर दगना जाए। नहं शादमल दकया जाए। तो भारत को इसी बहाने दनयंरण रेखा पर पूरी लंबे समय तक
लेदकन हाल के वषों मं भारत ने उसे अछूत जहां तक कुलभूषण जाधव की मां और उनकी ताकत के साथ पादक्तान के दखलाफ कारववाई अनुपहथथत रिने के
बनाकर छोड़ दिया है, दजसका उसे बुत िुख हो प्नी को दमलने िेने की बात है, तो यह दसफक करनी चादहए, दजससे पादक्तान की हालत खराब कारण मुझे चौथी किा
रहा है। इसदलए वह ऐसी-ऐसी चीजं करने की िुदनया को दिखाने के दलए था दक पादक्तान ने हो जाए। अगर कुछ लोगं को यह आशंका हो दक मं दो साल रिने पड़े,
कोदशश कर रहा है दक भारत उसके िबाव मं आए मानवीयता दिखाते ुए ऐसा किम उठाया। जबदक िोनं िेशं के बीच तनाव बढ़ने पर परमाणु हमले यि देखकर मेरे हपता ने पास के िी एक ििर
और दफर उसके साथ बातचीत रारंभ करे। हकीकत यह है दक कुलभूषण जाधव की मां और हो सकते हं, तो यह केवल कहने की बातं हं। अब मं मेरा दाहखला करा हदया, जिां मंने छि साल
दनयंरण रेखा पर सिर साल से गोलाबारी चल प्नी को उनकी मातृभाषा मं बात नहं करने दिया तक दजतने भी ंतरराटरीय सामदरक दवचलेषकं तक पढ़ाई की। उसके बाद मं अिमदाबाद
रही है। दनयंरण रेखा पर भारतीय सैदनकं की गया। उनकी मां तो ंरेजी मं बात ही नहं कर के अ्ययन सामने आए हं, उसके अनुसार पढ़ने के हलए गया। गांव के जाहतरथत और
शहाित का बिला लेने के दलए छोटे-मोटे हमले सकती थी, तो दफर कैसी बात ुई होगी। इसके परमाणु हमले का जोदखम पादक्तान या भारत,
तो पहले से होते रहे हं। लेदकन मोिी सरकार के अगर कनयंतंण रेखा पर गोलाबारी जारी अलावा इन लोगं की बातचीत मं इतने तरह के कोई भी िेश नहं उठाना चाहेगा। अगर कुछ लोग
ूहढ़वादी लोग ऐसी भाषा का रयोग करते थे,
जो बेिद संवेदनिील और अथथपूणथ थी। मंने
आने के बाि उड़ी हमले के बाि जो सदजवकल रहती है, तो भारत िो इसी बहाने अवरोध खड़े दकए गए, दजससे साफ जादहर होता यह भी सोचते हं दक पादक्तान के दखलाफ यदि
अपने नाटकं मं इसी भाषा का इथतेमाल हकया,
्राइक ुई, या अभी सीमा पार जाकर जो हमला है दक पादक्तान ने िुदनया की नजरं मं अपनी हमने ्यािा स्ती बरती, तो अमेदरका नाराज हो
दकया गया, वह अपने रभाव मं काफी ्यापक है। सरहद पर पूरी ताित से पाकिसंंान िे बेहतर छदव बनाने के दलए यह रामा दकया। जाएगा या उसे बचाने आ जाएगा, उ्हं भी यह जो मेरे हलए काफी मू्यवान साहबत ुआ।
पिाड़ी िेरं के रमण ने मुझे रकृहत को जानने
सवाल यह है दक ्या दनयंरण रेखा पर हालात कखलाफ िारंरवाई िरनी चाकहए, ताकि इन सब चीजं को िेखते ुए कहा जा सकता ्यान रखना चादहए दक अमेदरका के पास अभी
और ्यार करने मं मदद की। मानसून मेलं के
और भी दबगड़ सकते हं। मुझे तो ऐसा ही लगता है दक पादक्तान भारत को नीचा दिखाने और इतनी फुरसत नहं है दक वह बार-बार पादक्तान
है, ्यंदक पादक्तान सरकार ने ्वीकार कर उसिी हालत खराब हो जाए। अपनी छदव बेहतर बनाने के दलए तरह-तरह के के मसले सुलझाए। िूसरे अपनी नई अफगान रमण ने आम लोगं के उ्सािपूणथ मनोदिा को
दलया है दक उसके तीन जवान मारे गए। जादहर है, ढंग कर रहा है। कुलभूषण जाधव मामले मं नीदत मं उसने पादक्तान को कड़ी फटकार लगाई मेरे सामने रथतुत हकया। अपने भीतर हनहित
पादक्तान की सरकार पर अब वहां के लोगं का मारंफ रिा, सामजरक जिशंलेषक ंतरराटरीय अिालत ने साफ दनिेश िे रखा है दक ही है। अमेदरका ने तो िबाव बनाया ुआ ही है, गीता्मक लय के संवधथन के हलए मं हकताबं
िबाव बढ़ेगा और वह दफर से दनयंरण रेखा पर उसकी अनुमदत के बगैर जाधव को सजा नहं िी भारत को भी िबाव बनाना चादहए और पाक से ्यादा उन लोगं का ऋणी ूं। कॉलेज मं
अपनी गदतदवदध बढ़ाने की कोदशश करेगा। जा सकती। इसदलए वह यह दिखाना चाहता है दक अदधकृत कचमीर पीओके के ंिर आतंकी पढ़ाई के दौरान िी मंने कहवता हलखनी िुू
पादक्तान की यह भी कोदशश होगी दक वह इस ्यंदक बातचीत मं जब तक वहां के सेना रमुख तब तक पादक्तान से बातचीत करने का कोई वह तो िोनं िेशं के दरचते बेहतर बनाने की दिशा दशदवरं पर रोन से हमले करने चादहए। की थी। मानसून के बाद छु्टी के दौरान मं
बात को हवा िे दक भारत के हमले मं बलूची आकर नहं बैठंगे, तब तक कोई साथवक नतीजा मतलब नहं है। पादक्तान की नागदरक सरकार मं रय्नशील है, लेदकन भारत ही आगे बढ़ना नहं इसके अलावा बलूची नेता को भारत मं रहकर अपने दो अ्य दोथतं के साथ माउंट आबू पर
जवान मारे गए। लेदकन वा्तदवकता यह है दक वे नहं दनकलेगा। वहां की सेना जब तक बातचीत तो इतनी कमजोर हो गई है दक उसे सड़क पर से चाहता। दपछले डेढ़-िो साल मं एक बात तो ्पटट पादक्तान के दखलाफ िुटरचार करने की अनुमदत चढ़ जाता था। पिाड़ी चोटी पर नाखी झील के
बलूची जवान नहं थे, ्यंदक बलूची रेजीमंट मं मं यह ्पटट ूप से ्वीकार नहं करेगी दक धरना ख्म करवाने के दलए कानून मंरी को नजर आई है दक भारत का दविेश मंरालय िेनी चादहए। दसंधु निी जल बंटवारे को भी
कोई बलूची जवान तैनात नहं है। पादक्तान और चीन के साथ बेहि होदशयारी के ंतरराटरीय फोरम पर ले जाना चादहए, तादक ऊपर िरद पूहणथमा की चांद को उहदत िोते
दनयंरण रेखा पर वह संघषव दवराम का उ्लंघन हटाना पड़ा। वहां की सुरीम कोटट ने सड़क पर से
पादक्तान के सेना रमुख ने हाल ही मं वहां की करती है, भारत के दखलाफ आतंदकयं को धरना हटवाने के दलए सरकार को आिेश दिया साथ दनपट रहा है। पहले पादक्तान जो भी रा्ते पादक्तान पर और िबाव बने। इस तरह कई देखना एक िानदार अनुभव था।
सरकार से कहा है दक वह भारत सरकार के साथ रो्सादहत करती है और कुलभूषण जाधव जैसे था। सरकार ने सेना को सड़क पर से लोगं को खोलता था, हम कूिकर उससे हाथ दमलाने के मोचों पर िबाव बनाने से ही पादक्तान सीधे रा्ते
बातचीत आगे बढ़ाए। यह पादक्तान का ढंग है, लोगं को उसने नाजायज मामले मं फंसा रखा है, हटाने के दलए कहा, लेदकन सेना ने ऐसा करने से दलए खड़े हो जाते थे, लेदकन अब ऐसा लग रहा पर आ सकेगा।
हजरयाली और रासंंा
मंजिलें और भी हैं
संजीव चौहान
स़़ी छरव का उनका खांचा मां, रकरण और
नौकरी
बेहतर की चाहत खंच अ मेदरका और दिटेन जैसे खुले समाजं
वाले िेश 'कंटंट वॉटरशेड टाइदमंग'
जैसे तरीके का इ्तेमाल कर यह
ऐसे रवज़ा़ पनो़ मे़ काम करने वाली मरहलाओ़ पर उंगली उठाना उरचत नही़ होगा, पर देर-सबेर
उऩहे़ भी यह बात समझनी होगी रक रजस जागऱकता, आजादी और अरिकार का झांसा देकर
एक मां की कहानी, जिसने जकरण को
िीने का नया निजरया जसखाया।
सबसे ्यािा दस्के डालने वाला िानी है या कम पढ़ने को किा। पढ़ाई पूरी करने के बाद
मुझे लगा सि मेरी िारी तिनीि रमासणत और िही हं, मंने बागवानी िे अपने
330.4
तरीिे िो दूिरं िो बताना िुू िर सदया। दरअिल उवनत बागवानी िरने बेटे ने किा, आप अकेले घर पर ्या
434.5
दशटयं ने जवाब दिया, बेशक, दजसने सबसे करोगी, ्यं न नौकरी कर लो। आपका मन
वाला मं िोई पहला सििान नहं िा, पर असधिांि लोग मुनाफे िे थवािि िे
398.1
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आर. बी. अिधिनयम क� अंतगर्त समाचारों क� चयन क� िलए
मैं भगवान का शुि�या अदा करता हूं। इस है? मुझ को लेकर िपछले क�छ समय से ऐसी उपल�ब्धयों क� साथ िववाद भी आपक� मेरी एकाध िफल्में भी दशर्क देख सक�गे। उत्तरदायी) सवार्िधकार सुरिक्षत। �काशक की िलिखत अनुमित
समय कॉिमडी और ए�क्ट�ग एक दूसरे क� काफी खबरें फ�लाई गई हैं। पर इसमें जरा भी सच्चाई साथ जुड़ते जा रहे हैं? कॉिमडी ने मुझे पहचान और शोहरत दी है, क� िबना संपूणर् या आंिशक पुन�र्काशन पूणर्त: �ितबंिधत।
खाने से जुड़ी पहचान हूं। इसिलए काम थोड़ा आसान हो जाता है। शो की टीआरपी िगरने लगती है। तब चैनल ईमानदार मानता हूं। समय पर ट�क्स अदा बीमार पड़ जाएंगे। हैदराबाद, कोझीकोड, मंगलूर, ि�वें�म, उदयपुर, वाइजग एवं
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चं�भूषण
दुिनया भर क� नफीस रेस्�ां और शेफ को खोज-खोज कर इंटरनेशनल
पहचान िदलाने वाला िमचिलन स्टार िपछले साल से स्�ीट फ�ड को भी िमलने
लगा है। हमारे िलए इसमें खुशी की बात यह है िक सड़क पर िमलने वाले
अंतमर्न में ड�बकी लगाने से ही अगर आप िकसी मु�े पर अपनी बात कहना चाहते हैं, तो चुप क्यों हैं? हमें
एसएमएस, ईमेल करें या िच�ी िलखें। साथ में अपना नाम िलखना न भूलें।
खाने-नाश्ते में एकछ� राज हमारे पड़ोसी एिशयाई देशों का ही चल रहा है।
अब तक िसंगापुर, हांगकांग और थाईलैंड क� एक-एक स्�ीट फ�ड शेफ को इस
सम्मान से नवाजा गया है। िकसी नामालूम गली की अपनी छोटी सी दुकान
में नूडल्स पकाने या ऑमलेट तलने वाले इन ठ�ठ देसी लोगों को िवश्वव्यापी
ज्ञान और योग की �ाि� होती है SMS टाइप करें bol <स्पेस दें>L1<स्पेस दें>और िफर अपनी राय अपने नाम क� साथ 58888 पर भेजें
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पहचान िसफ� इनक� बनाए खाने से िमली है। िकसी बड़� रेस्�ां का नाम या ओशो िस�ाथर् औिलया सुंदर है िक वहां का सौंदयर् खुद ही सौंदयर् हो जाती है, क्योंिक साधक भीतर से जागा
सुसंस्क�त स्वरूप इनक� काम नहीं आया है। िवदेशी रेस्�ां में काम करने वाले पर मोिहत हो जाता है। और बाहर से सोया होता है। संत इसे ही
एकािधक भारतीय शेफ भी िमचिलन स्टार हािसल कर चुक� हैं, लेिकन बात तो
तब है जब िकसी िहंदुस्तानी शहर में ठ�ले या खोखे पर उत्तपम, चाट या कबाब
बेचने वाला कोई बंदा इस इज्जत का हकदार समझा जाए।
संत अपने िठकाने की परवाह नहीं करता।
गुरु घासीदास कहते हैं, ‘सुन्य गगन बीच
बासा हो, िनरमल ग्यान क� �कासा हो,
इस शून्य गगन क� लोक में अि�, पृथ्वी,
जल, वायु, �काश इन पांच तत्वों का �वेश
नहीं है। वहां सांसों का भी �वेश नहीं है।
‘जीिवत म�रए, भवजल त�रए’ कहते हैं।
बाहर से इंि�यों क� मरते ही भीतर परम-
जागरण घिटत होता है। समािध की यह
महात्मा का जवाब
यहां से सोचने पर िदल्ली की परांठ� वाली गली का ध्यान पड़ता है, या िमठाई सत्यनाम क� िनवासा हो।’ भीतर का जो अवस्था परम-संगीत, परम-नृत्य, परम- एक राजा की एक महात्मा पर बहुत ��ा थी। महात्मा जी से िमलने गया, तो महात्मा जी ने
की क�छ बनारसी दुकानों का, या िफर गोवा में देर रात तक चलने वाले �ॉन पकौड़� अंतर आकाश है, मेरा वास उसी अंतगुर्फा रास जैसी है- मानो इं�लोक में प�रयां नाच राजा संत सेवा क� महत्व को जानता था। उसने राजा से सैर पर चलने का आ�ह िकया। महात्मा
क� ठ�लों का। लेिकन हर चीज क� साथ कोई न कोई िदक्कत भी जुड़ी िदखती है। में है और भीतर की वह गुफा िनमर्ल ज्ञान से रही हों। समािध में �ैत का भेद िमट जाता महात्मा जी क� रहने क� िलए अपने महल क� की बात पर राजा तुरंत तैयार हो गया। महाराज
मसलन, हमारी िमठाइयां अपनी भरपूर चीनी और तले खाने टपकते तेल की वजह �कािशत है। संत िनराकार को िनमर्ल कहते है और एक ही बचता है। समािध क� इस समान एक बहुत बड़ा भवन बनवा िदया। उस जी राजा क� साथ वन की ओर चल िदए। जब
से इंटरनेशनल अपील नहीं बना पाते। नामी-िगरामी िहंदस्ु तानी शेफ जब-तब हैं। उस िनराकार, शून्य गगन में �कार का िवज्ञान को आप जान लें और समािध घिटत भवन क� सामने अपने उ�ान जैसा उ�ान बनवा दोनों काफी आगे िनकल गए तब महात्मा राजा
इनक� �ायोिगक संस्करण तैयार करते रहते हैं, पर अगर वे आम �ाहक क� काम अमृत है, �कार का आलोक है। होने लगे आपक� साथ तो ये जो जन्म-मृत्यु िदया। हाथी, घोड़�, रथ दे िदए। सेवा क� िलए से बोले, ‘राजन! मेरी इच्छा इस नगर में लौटने
नहीं आते तो उन पर बात करना बेकार है। सड़क पर सबसे ज्यादा िबकने वाली संत भीतर क� िनराकार को ही �दय कहते का चौरासी लाख योिनयों का च� है, सेवक िनयुक्त कर िदए। अपने की नहीं है। हम दोनों सुख-
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कबाब और तटीय इलाकों में �ाइड सी-फ�ड हैं। असल सवाल यह है िक इन
हैं। इस घट का राजा आत्मदेव है, यानी
आत्मा इसका राजा है- आतम हे घट क�
THE SPEAKING TREE इससे आप मुक्त हो जाते हैं, आपकी
परमगित हो जाती है।
समान ही अनेक सुख-सुिवधाएं
उस राजा ने महात्मा जी क� िलए
एकदा वैभव तो बहुत भोग चुक� हैं।
मेरी इच्छा है िक अब हम दोनों
चीजों क� साथ क्या कहीं कोई व्य�क्तत्व भी जुड़ा है? राजा, िहरदे पलंग िबछाये हो, दया-धरम और पढ़ने क� िलए देखें इसिलए, बाहर क� �ान-ध्यान से प्यास जुटा दीं। राजा महात्मा जी क� और पढ़ने क� िलए देखें यहीं वन में रहकर भगवान का
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नाश्ते की दो-तीन गुनी कीमत देने को तैयार होंग?े बैंकाक की िजन 70 वष�य ये िनराकार ही गोिवंद का पलंग है। इसी भीतर बह रही है, ‘ग्यान क� गंगा घट भीतर वजह से वह महात्मा जी से काफी खुल गया ‘भगवन! मेरा राज्य है, मेरी प�ी है, मेरे बच्चे
मिहला को इसी महीने िमचिलन स्टार िमला है, वे रोज बारह घंट� अपनी पुश्तैनी पलंग पर �कार रूपी �भु सोता है। यह जो संत वहीं घर बनाता है, अपने गोिवंद, अपने में, काहे भये िपयासा हो।’ भीतर की गंगा में था। वह कभी-कभी उनसे हंसी-मजाक भी कर हैं, मैं वन में क�से रह सकता हूं?’ महात्मा जी
दुकान में खाना पकाती हैं और �ाहक उनक� खाने की दस गुनी तक कीमत देकर िनराकार है, िनगुर्ण है, यहीं पर सेज िबछाने सािहब क� पास। वह वहीं परम-िव�ाम को ड�बकी लगाओ। उसी से प्यास बुझेगी। पानी िलया करता था। एक िदन राजा ने महात्मा जी हंसकर बोले, ‘राजन! मुझमें और आपमें यहीं
चार घंट� लाइन में लगे रहते हैं। ऐसे िकस्से मैंने जबलपुर क� एक चाट वाले और से �भु का आगमन होगा, यहीं जीवात्मा उपलब्ध होता है। वहां छत्तीस राग रागिनयां में लोग रह रहे हैं और िफर भी प्यासे हैं। ऐसे से पूछा िक हम दोनों क� पास सुख-सुिवधा की अंतर है। बाहर से एक जैसा व्यवहार होते हुए
मुबं ई क� एक रबड़ी वाले क� बारे में सुने हैं। लेिकन स्वाद क� ज्यादातर भारतीय और परमात्मा का िमलन होगा अथार्त यहीं बज रही हैं- अनहद राग छत्तीसों बाजे। यह ही नाम क� गोिवंद क� बीच में हम रहते हैं, सभी वस्तुएं मौजूद हैं। अब आपमें और मुझमें भी असली अंतर मन की आस�क्त का होता है।
कलाकार इधर �ांिड�ग क� िशकार हो गए हैं और अपने कारोबार से उनका िनजी समािध घिटत होगी। जो साधक समािध में, उपमा की बात है, क्योंिक संगीत में छत्तीस िफर भी गोिवंद को खोजते हैं। िकसी कािमल अंतर क्या रहा? महात्मा समझ गए िक राजा क� भोगों में जो आसक्त है, वह वन में रहकर भी
�रश्ता पैस-े कौड़ी तक िसमट कर रह गया है। इस समझ को खा�रज कर आज इस शून्य गगन में रहता है, उसे दया और राग-रािगिनयां बताई गई हैं। मुिशर्द से जुड़कर अपने घट क� भीतर नाम �दय में बाह्य जीवन का ही महत्व है। महात्मा जी संसारी है। जो भोगों में आसक्त नहीं है, वह घर
अगर कोई अपनी पहचान िसफ� अपने हाथ क� जायक� से जोड़ता है तो उसे धमर् करना नहीं पड़ता, ब�ल्क दया और धमर् समािध में बाहर की ओर सब दरवाजे की गंगा में �ान करने की कला जानना ही राजा से बोले, ‘राजन! इसका उत्तर क�छ समय में रहकर भी िवरक्त है।’
िमचिलन भले न िमले, समाज में उसका ऊ�चा मुकाम होना ही चािहए। उसक� चंवर ड�लाते हैं। वहां का दृश्य इतना बंद हो जाते हैं। इंि�यों की बिहमुर्खता बंद सहज योग है। बाद आपको िमल जाएगा।’ क�छ िदन बाद राजा संकलन: मुक�श शमार्
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