Pace 3

Table of Contents
Title Page
Circuit Classifications and Performance
About This PACE Book 1

Objectives 1
How to Use This PACE Book 2
Section One: Initiating Devices 3

NFPA 72 1993 - Performance of Initiating Device Circuits 5
Class B (Style B) Initiating Device Circuit 7
Class A (Style D) Initiating Device Circuit 11
Section Two: Notification Appliance Circuits 19

NFPA 72 1993 - Performance of Notification Appliance Circuits 20
Class B (Style Y) Notification Appliance Circuit 21
Class A (Style Z) Notification Appliance Circuit 27
Section Three: Signaling Line Circuits, Multiplex 33

NFPA 72 1993 - Performance of Signaling Line Circuits 34
Style 4 (Class B) 35
Individual Addressable Module - IAM 38
Zone Adaptor Module - ZAM (Class B Monitor) 39
Zone Adaptor Module - ZAM (4-Wire Monitor) 40
Zone Adaptor Module - ZAM (Class B Signal) 41
Style 6 (Class A) 42
Zone Adaptor Module - ZAM (Class A Monitor) 47
Zone Adaptor Module - ZAM (Class A Signal) 48
Zone Adaptor Module - ZAM (Unsupervised Control) 49
Style 7 50
Circuit Classifications and Performance Table of Contents

Table of Contents (continued)
Title Page
Section Four: Proper Wiring Methods 51

Correct Wiring Methods - Pigtail Connections 51
Incorrect Wiring Methods - “T-Tap” Connections 52
Notification Appliances 53
Correct Wiring Methods - Initiating Device and Notification Appliance Circuits 54
Incorrect Wiring Methods - Initiating Device and Notification Appliance Circuits 55
Correct Wiring Methods - Point-to-Point or Single-Line Riser Diagrams 56
Incorrect Wiring Methods - Point-to-Point or Single-Line Riser Diagrams 57
Grounding and Shielding 58
Summary and Conclusions 59
Circuit Classifications and Performance - Quiz 64

Answer Key 67
INDEX 68
Table of Contents Circuit Classifications and Performance

Circuit Classifications and Performance
About This Book
Circuit Classifications and Performance is Book Three in the series of prerequisite

materials designed to describe Fire Alarm Basics. The text and accompanying graphics
within this PACE Book discuss the differences between classes of circuits and their
performance capabilities.
This text is divided into four sections:
l Section One: Initiating Device Circuits

l Section Two: Notification Appliance Circuits
l Section Three: Proper Wiring Methods
l Section Four: Signaling Line Circuits
Objectives
After completing this PACE Book, you should be able to:
l identify the individual types of circuits

l describe each circuit type as defined by the NFPA
l describe the performance capabilities of each circuit type
l identify the classifications of wiring required by each circuit type
l distinguish between “class” and “style” of wiring for each device circuit
l describe the differences between classifications of wiring
l describe the correct and incorrect wiring methods for Initiating Device, Notification
Appliance and Signaling Line circuits.
Circuit Classifications and Performance Page 1

How To Use This Book
At this point in the series, you should have completed the previous two books, Fire
Alarm Components and Operations and Fire Alarm Concepts. As you did previously,
you should proceed by reading through the text referencing the figures and graphics.
After you’ve completed the reading, complete the short quiz at the end of this text, and
review the answers provided in the Answer Key. If you answered any questions
incorrectly, go back to the individual sections and review the relevant information.
Page 2 Circuit Classifications and Performance

Section One: Initiating Devices
Types of Circuits
n Initiating Device Circuits
n Notification Appliance Circuits
n Signaling Line Circuits (multiplex)
Figure 3-1
The NFPA classifies circuits and dictates their performance codes. There are different
classes or styles for initiating devices, notification appliances, and signaling line circuits
(which are essentially multiplex type circuits). Let’s begin with initiating device
circuits.
The NFPA defines an initiating device circuit as a circuit that is connected to a manual
or automatic initiating device in which the signal that is received does not identify the
individual device.

Initiating Device Circuits
n Class B (Style B)
n Class A (Style D)
Figure 3-2
There are two types of Initiating Device Circuits (IDC), Class “A” and Class “B”.
Within these two classes are different performance styles. These styles are listed as A,
B, C, D, & E. Described in this section are the most commonly used, styles “B” and
“D”.
It should be noted that for many years all types of fire alarm circuits were referred to as
either Class “B” (two-wire circuit), or Class “A” (four-wire circuit). As a result of
advancements in fire panel design, circuits now can operate under a variety of abnormal
conditions. To aid in identifying specific system design and operation criteria, NFPA
has created charts to distinguish the performance of each circuit type.

NFPA 72 1996
Table 3-5.1 Performance of Initiating Device Circuits (IDC)
Class B B B A A
Style A B C D Ea
Alarm Receipt Capability During Abnormal Condition

R = Required capability.
X = Indication required at protected premises
and as required by Chapter 4.
a = Style exceeds minimum requirements for
Class A.
Trouble
Trouble
Trouble
Trouble
Trouble
Alarm
Alarm
Alarm
Alarm
Alarm
Abnormal Condition 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
A. Single Open X X X X X X X
B. Single Ground R X R X R X R X R
C. Wire-to-Wire Short X X X X X
D. Loss of Carrier (If/Used)/Channel Interace X X
Figure 3-3
Table 3-5.1 (above) is included in NFPA 72 and deals with the performance of initiating
device circuits. NFPA 72 specifies class B and A. It also references five styles: A, B,
C, D, and E. Styles B and D requirements are the most common. On occasion, you will
encounter style E.
Here’s how this chart works. Refer to the bottom of the table where it lists Abnormal
Condition: (A) Single Open. Now go across the columns to style B. A Single Open is
required to report a Trouble condition in all styles as indicated by “X.” For a Single
Open, a Trouble must be reported but the device is not required to continue operation.
On the other hand, a (B) Single Ground “G,” must report a Trouble on systems with a
ground detection. Nearly every system manufactured today fits that description. Now a
style B circuit must be able to receive an alarm with a Single Ground on circuit as
designated by the “R.”

So as the chart implies, style B and class B on an initiating circuit operate identically.
They both report an Alarm with a Ground Condition.
A wire-to-wire short must generate an alarm as shown by “X.”
Loss of Carrier (D) is generally not used. If a carrier signal is used and if there is a loss
of carrier, a Trouble must be reported on any style B circuit.
Another common style, style D, has a similar process as style B on the Single Ground
and the Short. It is different, however, on a Single Open. All devices on a Single Open
must be capable of reporting an Alarm; this definition classifies it as a higher level of
performance than style B.
On the other hand, on a style B Single Open, when a Trouble is reported, devices may or
may not work. This totally depends, however, on where the break is and where the
device is located on the circuit. And again for a style D, all devices have to be able to
report an alarm with a Trouble.

Class B (Style B) Initiating Device Circuit
Normal Operation
IDC Module
+
Supervision EOLR
Circuit
Typical N/O Device
Figure 3-4
The Initiating Device Circuit Module is a conventional hardwired zone with an end-of-
line resistor (EOLR) for supervision. The contacts in the devices are normally open
(N/O). This circuit is Class B or style B. In the case of normal circumstances as
illustrated above, the current leaves the supervision circuit at terminal “+,” cannot pass
through the N/O contact but passes through the end-of-line resistor. The resistor causes
a voltage drop, and then returns to the terminal marked “-” at a lower voltage than the
“+” terminal. With the lower voltage at terminal “-,” the supervision module considers
this a “Normal” condition indicating that the wiring is intact.

Alarm Operation
IDC Module
+
Supervision EOLR
Circuit
Figure 3-5
To report an alarm on a Class “B” circuit, it is necessary to close the alarm contact in
the device. As in the above Figure, the end-of-line resistor is electrically bypassed by
the switch, causing full voltage at terminal “-.” This is considered an Alarm by the IDC.

Class B (Style B) Initiating Device
Trouble Operation with a Single Open

or a Single Ground
IDC Module Open Conductor
+
Supervision EOLR
Circuit
These Devices
Cannot Operate
Ground Fault
Condition
Figure 3-6
In this instance as depicted in the figure above, the initiating device circuit module has a
Single Open Conductor (i.e., a break in wire) resulting in no voltage at terminal “-.”
Because there is no voltage at the “-” terminal, the supervision circuit reports a Trouble,
and because there is a break in the wire, the devices beyond the break will not operate.
If, however, there is a Single Open and the devices go into alarm, everything before the
break will work. This is typical of all fire alarm systems.
If on the other hand, there is a Single Ground Condition, all the devices have to work. If
you have a Single Ground Condition and a Single Open Conductor — two abnormal
conditions — the devices will not work. A double fault condition is not covered by
code. The code only covers a single fault condition and that which must happen on that
single fault.

Alarm Operation with a Single Open

Conductor
+
Supervision EOLR
Circuit
OK Failed Failed
Ground Fault
Condition
Figure 3-7
As we discussed before, anytime there is a break on a Class “B” circuit, it must report a
Trouble. Consequently, the only devices that would operate on an Alarm are those
devices located before the break.

Class A (Style D) Initiating Device Circuit
Normal Operation
IDC Module
+ +
Supervision Circuit
Circuit Power
Typical N/O Devices
Figure 3-8
Class A or style D circuitry requires more wire, but it also provides enhanced
performance. The basic difference between style D and style B performance is that style
D must be able to report an Alarm from all devices even with a Single Open in its
wiring.
To get Supervision with a Class A circuit, current flow begins at the supervisory circuit
section, terminal “+,” and flows out to the last N/O device, then returns to the Circuit
Power, terminal “+.” It then passes through a resistor on the module which drops the
voltage before going out to the opposite side of each N/O device being monitored.
From the last device it returns to the “-” terminal of the Supervision Circuit. Seeing the
reduced voltage, the circuit reports that it is Normal.
Also note that on the IDC module there are two open contacts. These are relay contacts,
and they will close on an Open Circuit Trouble.

Class A ( Style D) Initiating Device Circuit
Trouble Operation with a Single Open Conductor
*
+ +
Supervision Circuit
Circuit Power
Typical N/O Device

*
* Contents close on open circuit condition
Figure 3-9
In this situation, the supervision circuit finds no current coming back from either side of
the circuit. In response, it closes the two contacts and feeds power in both directions.
The Trouble is reported and latched into the system. This is an important and
distinguishing characteristic of Class A: once a Trouble occurs, it is latched until the
problem is corrected and the panel is reset.

Class A (StyleD) Initiating Device Circuit
Alarm Operation with a Single Open Conductor

or a Single Ground
+ +
Supervision Circuit
Circuit Power
OK OK OK
Ground Fault
Condition
Figure 3-10
In this diagram, an Open Circuit has occurred. The Supervision Circuit has detected the
loss of current flow and caused the contacts to close. As a result, the “+” power now
flows to all of the devices. Consequently, all of the devices are capable of still reporting
an Alarm—a feature required for Class “A” or Style “D” circuits.
As described earlier, the relay will not close unless there is an Open Circuit Trouble. It
is also true that the relay will not close on a ground fault. A Single Ground fault will
never prevent a device from reporting. On a Double Ground, however, an Alarm may be
reported.

Using Normally Open
1
+ INITIATING
Fire
DEVICES
Alarm
Control
Panel
(FACP) 2 -
3
End of Line
Device
Figure 3-11
Here is another example of a Style D or Class A Initiating Device circuit. The End-Of-
Line Resistor is wired back to the FACP. The resistor is usually on the Class A Module
(as previously shown) along with a McCulloh Relay.
When there is an open in the circuit, the McCulloh Relay activates and the positive &
negative of the power source is applied to the End-Of-Line Resistor. This feature allows
the FACP to report an alarm even for the devices that have an open between them. This
type of reporting is not possible with a Style B (Class B) circuit.

Using Normally Open Contacts
1
Fire +
Alarm
Control
Panel
(FACP) 2 -
3
End of Line
Device
4
Figure 3-12
Here is a circuit with an open between the second and third device. If using a Style B
(Class B) circuit, the third device would be unable to report alarms.
But with this Style D (Class A) circuit, the McCulloh relay activates and the third device
has power applied to it; therefore, the third device is able to report alarms even with the
open circuit.
With a trouble condition on a Style D circuit, the FACP must be reset to clear the
trouble condition after the circuit has been repaired.

1
+ INITIATING
Fire
DEVICES
Alarm
Control
Panel
(FACP) 2 -
3
End of Line
Device
Figure 3-13
Here is the same Style D (Class A) circuit except that the positive and negative wires are
reversed back to the FACP at the End-Of-Line Resistor. The circuit will report alarms.

1
+ INITIATING
Fire Open
DEVICES
Alarm
Control
Panel
(FACP) 2 -
3
End of Line
Device
Figure 3-14
Here’s the circuit with an open between devices. The panel will go into trouble and the
McCulloh relay will activate.

1
+ INITIATING
Fire Open
DEVICES
Alarm
Control
Panel
(FACP) 2 -
3
End of Line
Device
4
Figure 3-15
When the McCulloh relay activates, the positive is applied to the negative terminal of
the zone to form a shorted condition. The shorted condition is seen shortly after the
trouble is reported. The trouble condition is very shortly followed by an alarm
condition.

Section Two: Notification Appliances Circuits
The NFPA defines a Notification Appliance Circuit (NAC) as a circuit or path directly
connected to notification appliances.
Notification Appliance Circuits
n Class B (Style Y)
n Class A (Style Z)
Figure 3-16
Notification Appliance Circuits provide both Class B and Class A circuits, but the NFPA
now refers to them as style “Y” and style “Z” respectively.

NFPA 72 1996
Table 3-7.1 Performance of Notification Appliance Circuits

Class B B B A
Style W X Y Z
Alarm Capability During Abnormal

Trouble Indication at Protected

X = Indication required at protected
Abnormal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Single Open X X X X X X
Single Ground X X X X G X
Wire-to-Wire X X X X
Figure 3-17
NFPA Table 3-7.1 (above) is similar to the one we discussed for Initiating Device
Circuits. The abnormal conditions listed on the bottom left are: Single Open, Single
Ground, and Wire-to-Wire Short. On an Initiating Device Circuit, a wire-to-wire short
causes an Alarm to be reported. On a NAC, a short will report a Trouble. Note that an
Alarm is never reported from a NAC, only a Trouble.

Class B (Style Y)
Notification Appliance Circuit
Normal Operation
Signal
Power
Supervision EOLR
Circuit
Alarm Relay
Figure 3-18
Notice in this Figure that the NAC circuit within the alarm panel consists of signal
power for ringing bells, flashing strobes etc., a Supervision Circuit, and alarm relay
contacts. As with the Initiating Device Circuit, the NAC circuit must be supervised.
In this example, the signal power “+” is connected to one normally open contact, and
the signal power “-” to the other. On the other hand, the supervision circuit provides the
power for supervision, and utilizes “-” through the normally closed relay contact out to
the Notification Appliances which have a diode in series with the coil. The diode, in
this situation, blocks negative (“-”) power from flowing through the devices. As a result,
it must go through the end-of-the-line resistor, and come back to the Supervision Circuit
connecting to each device on its return. At this point, the Supervision Circuit sees the
voltage, knows the wiring is intact and is in a “Normal” state.

Class B (Style Y)
Reverse Polarity Alarm Operation
NAC Module
Signal
Power
Supervision EOLR
Circuit
Alarm Relay
Figure 3-19
If an alarm occurs in the panel, the relay contacts transfer. In this case, positive (“+”)
signal power is now applied to the Notification Appliances where the negative (“-”) was,
and negative signal power where the positive (“+”) was. The diode polarity allows
current to flow through the Appliances, causing them to sound.

Class B (Style Y)
or a Single Ground Condition
NAC Module
Signal
Power
Open Conductor
+ + +
Supervision EOLR
Circuit
- - -
Ground
Alarm Relay Fault
Condition
Figure 3-20
This figure illustrates that a Single Open Condition is required to report a Trouble. The
same is true for a Single Ground Condition.

Class B (Style Y)
Alarm Operation with a Single Open Conductor
NAC Module
Signal
Power
Open Conductor
Supervision Failed Failed EOLR

Circuit
Ground
Alarm Relay Fault
Condition
Figure 3-21
This diagram shows that if a Single Open occurs, anything up to the break will continue
to operate; anything beyond it does not.

Class B (Style Y)
Trouble Operation with a Single Short

Circuit Condition
NAC Module
Signal
Power
Short Circuit
Supervision Failed Failed Failed EOLR

Circuit
Alarm Relay
Figure 3-22
This figure illustrates that a Trouble must be reported for a Short Circuit Condition.

Class B (Style Y)
Alarm Operation with a Short Circuit Condition
NAC Module
Signal
Power
Short Circuit
EOLR
Supervision Failed Failed Failed
Circuit
To protect fuses and power supplies, some

Alarm Relay systems will inhibit the operation of the alarm
relay when a short circuit condition exists.
Figure 3-23
Since electricity takes the path of least resistance, current goes through the short circuit
and results in the Notification Appliance Circuits not responding nor operating.
Moreover, if an alarm relay is operated with a short circuit, it will blow circuit fuses.
Newer systems, however, prevent relays from being activated during a Short Circuit
Trouble condition.

Class A (Style Z)
Normal Operation
Signal Power NAC Module
Supervision
Circuit
R O
T U
N
Alarm Relay
Figure 3-24
Notification Appliance circuits can also provide Class “A,” (new style “Z”) operation. It
functions similar to the Class “B” module, but it requires that the circuit be brought back
to the Supervision Circuit. Its biggest advantage over the style Y NAC circuit is that all
devices must operate even with a Single Open.
Its Alarm operation is the same as Class “B” in that the relay contacts transfer and
supply power with the proper polarity to the devices so they can operate.

Class A (Style Z)

- +
Open Conductor
-
Supervision
+ + +
Circuit
- R O - - - -
T U
+ N T + +
Alarm Relay
Ground Fault
Condition
Figure 3-25
The style Z NACs are similar to style D IDCs in Trouble conditions. In this diagram,
there is a break in the negative (“-”) side of the wiring. Since current cannot return to
the Supervision Circuit, a Trouble is reported.

Class A (Style Z)
Reverse Polarity Alarm Operation
Signal NAC Module

- Power +
+
Supervision
Circuit
- R O -
T U
+ N T + -
Alarm Relay
Figure 3-26
In an Alarm condition, the contacts close and everything works because proper polarity
power is supplied through the contacts on all four (4) wires.

Class A (Style Z)
Alarm Operation with a Single Open Conductor or

a Single Ground
Signal NAC Module

- Power +
Open Conductor
Supervision
Circuit
- R O -
T U
+ N T +
Alarm Relay
Ground Fault
Condition
Figure 3-27
Even with a Single Open Conductor, all the devices operate an alarm, because of the
circuit created by the relay contacts.

Class A (Style Z)
Trouble Operation with a Short Circuit Condition

- +
Short Circuit
Supervision
Circuit Failed Failed Failed
- R O -
T U
+ N T +
Alarm Relay
Figure 3-28

Class A (Style Z)
Alarm Operation with a Short Circuit Condition
Signal Power NAC Module To protect fuses and power supplies, some
systems will inhibit the operation of the alarm
- +
relay when a short circuit condition exists.
Short Circuit
Supervision
Circuit Failed Failed Failed
- R O -
T U
+ N T +
Alarm Relay
Figure 3-29
Both of these diagrams illustrate what we discussed earlier. A Short Circuit on a

Notification Appliance Circuit (top) reports a Trouble, but the circuit will not operate in
an Alarm condition (bottom).

Section Three: Signaling Line Circuits, Multiplex
The NFPA defines a Signaling Line Circuit as a circuit or path between any combination
of circuit interfaces, control units, or transmitters, over which multiple system input
signals or output signals, or both, are carried. A signaling line circuit is, essentially, a
multiplex circuit. Multiple system input signals and output signals are carried on the
same channel.
Signaling Line Circuits
n Style 4 (Class B)
n Style 6 (Class A)
n Style 7
Figure 3-30
Style 4, Class B and style 6, Class A specifications are similar to those for style B and D
Initiating Devices.

NFPA 72 1996
Table 3-6.1 Performance of Signaling Line Circuits (SLC)

Class B B A B B B B A A A
Style .05 1 2a 3 3.5 4 4.5 5a 6a 7a

M = May be capable of
alarm wire-to-wire
R = Required
X = Indication required at
premises and as
required Chapter 4.
a = Style exceeds
requirements for Class
Trouble
Trouble
Trouble
Trouble
Trouble
Trouble
Trouble
Trouble
Trouble
Trouble
Alarm
Alarm
Alarm
Alarm
Alarm
Alarm
Alarm
Alarm
Alarm
Alarm
Abnormal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
A. Single Open X X X R X X X X R X R X R X R
B. Single X X R X R X R X X R X X R X R X R
C. Wire-to-Wire M X X X X X X X R
D. Wire-to-Wire Short & M X X X X X X X
E. Wire-to-Wire Short & X M X X X X X X X
F. Open and X R X X X X X X X X R
G. Loss of Carrier (If Used)/Channel X X X X X X
Figure 3-31
Here is NFPA Table 3-6.1 outlining the circuit characteristics for Signaling Line
Circuits. Note that a Single Open on a Class B, style 4 reports a Trouble condition.
Devices beyond the open, however, will not work. None of the devices has to work on a
Single Open if the Open is at the beginning of the circuit.
On a Class A, style 6 circuit with a Single Open, a Trouble is reported but all devices
have to work. For Class A, style 7, all devices have to work on a Single Short, a Single
Open, or a Single Ground. Style 7 offers one extra level of integrity and performance
by providing full operation even with a Wire-to-Wire Short.

Style 4 (Class B)
Signaling Line Circuit
Data Communications J-Box *

Interface Module
Microprocessor
101 103 104
OK OK OK
* T-Tapping is allowed
102
OK
Figure 3-32
On a Signaling Line Circuit, supervision is accomplished by the FACP Communications

Module interrogating each device and receiving a response from that specific device.
This method of supervision is referred to as “Continuous Software Interrogation” (CSI).
For devices to communicate, the wiring must be intact. With normal operation the
control panel will interrogate each in order of its address. It starts with the device
whose address is 101. Next, it interrogates device 102, until all devices on the circuit
have been interrogated. When completed, it restarts the process by interrogating device
101.

Style 4 (Class B)
Signaling Line Circuit with Single Ground Condition
Data Communications J-Box

Interface Module
Microprocessor
101 103 104
OK OK OK
Ground
Fault
Condition
102
OK
Figure 3-33
In this diagram, there is a Single Ground condition on the style 4 circuit. In this case,
communication shall not be interrupted. However, the control panel must detect the
Single Ground Condition and report a Trouble.

Style 4 (Class B)
Signaling Line Circuit with Single Open

Conductor or Single Ground Condition
Open Circuit
Data Communications J-Box
Interface Module
Microprocessor
101 103 104
OK Failed Failed
Ground
Fault
Condition
102
OK
Figure 3-34
An electrical connection to all of the devices ensures communication. If a break in the

wire occurs, the device cannot respond to interrogations from the FACP and a Trouble
will be reported. On a Single Open Conductor everything beyond the break will not
report on a style 4 circuit. Anything electrically in front of the break, however, will still
report. In this case, devices with addresses 101 and 102 can communicate, but devices
103 and 104 cannot. A Trouble will be generated by each of the devices at the FACP.
As you can see, on a style 4 Signaling Line circuit T-Tapping is permissible. This is the
only circuit where T-Tapping is allowed.

Individual Addressable Module (IAM)
IAM
MAPNET
N/O Contacts
100k EOLR
Figure 3-35
As you may know, Simplex manufactures its own control panels, like the 4100, 4020,
4004, 4005, and so on which provide IDC circuits. Simplex also manufactures a device
called an IAM, an Individual Addressable Module. The IAM operates on an
addressable circuit, but provides a Class “B” circuit output with Trouble and Alarm
functions exactly as we have already discussed. In this figure, note that the IAM
module has connections to the Simplex MAPNET line and the Class “B” circuit. The
IAM is designed for monitoring devices which do not require power, such as a
Sprinkler Waterflow device or a heat detector, and provide a contact closure on Alarm.

Zone Adaptor Module (ZAM)
MAPNET ZAM
24VDC
Smoke Detectors 3.3k EOLR
Class B Monitor
Figure 3-36
Another device which provides a Class “B” initiating circuit is the Zone Adapter
Module, or ZAM. Since this device is designed to operate with 2 wire detectors, it must
have a 24 VDC source in addition to the MAPNET line.

Resettable EOLR
MAPNET RI Relay
24 VDC
RIA
24VDC 33k
EOLR
SMK. DET. SMK. DET. SMK. DET.

1 2 3
4-Wire Monitor
Figure 3-37
This diagram is another variation where a ZAM is used to power and monitor 4-wire
detectors. An end-of-line relay is used to monitor the presence of power on the smoke
detector power circuit. The second pair of wires are used to provide a style B circuit for
Alarm. A break in the wiring of the power pair would cause the relay to drop out
causing a Trouble condition.

Strobes or Horns
MAPNET ZAM
10k
EOLR
24VDC
Class B Signal
Figure 3-38
Note that there is a Class B, style Y Signal ZAM which operates the NACs. Note, too,
that it requires a pair of wires to provide 24 VDC plus a pair for the MAPNET circuit.

Style 6 (Class A)
Signaling Line Circuit, Normal Operation Primary Line
Primary
Data Communications
Interface Module
101 102 103

Microprocessor OK OK OK
* Microprocessor
Controlled Switch Secondary
* Primary Line Transmission
Figure 3-39
Style 6, Class A, requires a 4-wire circuit throughout. Supervision is accomplished by

CSI. By continuously switching from the primary pair to the back-up (secondary) pair,
monitoring of devices from two directions is accomplished. (Interrogating all devices
on a circuit is 1 poll cycle.) An electrical switch controlled by the microprocessor
accomplishes the transfer.
Under normal operation, the transfer occurs every other poll cycle. The first poll
interrogation of the devices occurs on the primary line from the FACP, communicating
with 101, and receiving a response. It then interrogates 102, 103, etc., until the poll
cycle is completed.

Style 6 (Class A)
Signaling Line Circuit, Normal Operation Secondary Line
Primary
Data Communications
Interface Module
101 102 103

Microprocessor OK OK OK
* Microprocessor
* Secondary Line Transmission
Figure 3-40
The next poll switches over to the backup (secondary) pair of lines and accomplishes the
interrogations as done on the first poll—except in this case we utilize wiring that was
not used in the previous interrogations. This provides supervision of the backup
(secondary) pair to ensure they are intact.

Style 6 (Class A)

Primary Open Circuit
Data Communications
Interface Module
101 102 103

Microprocessor OK Failed Failed
* Microprocessor
Controlled Switch Secondary Ground
Fault
Condition
* Primary Line Transmission
Figure 3-41
In this figure, note that a Single Open in the wiring has occurred after device 101.
Device 101 will communicate with the microprocessor, but 102 and 103 cannot. They
will report “failure to communicate” on the primary lines.

Style 6 (Class A)

Data Communications
Interface Module
101 102 103

Microprocessor Failed OK OK
* Microprocessor
Controlled Switch Secondary Ground
Fault
Condition
* Secondary Line Transmission
Figure 3-42
After the poll cycle (described previously), the microprocessor will transfer to the back-
up pair. In this case, 102 and 103 will communicate, but 101 will not, and report
“failure to communicate” on the secondary lines. Since 101 communicated on the
primary lines and 102 and 103 on the secondary lines, all devices reported in. The
failed reports will automatically create a Trouble condition.

Style 6 (Class A)
Class A Signaling Line Circuit

Incorrect Wire Methods (T-Tapping)
Data Communications
Interface Module
101 102 103

Microprocessor Failed OK OK
* Microprocessor J-Box
Open Circuit
104
* Primary Line Transmission Failed
Figure 3-43
T-Tapping, as you know, is not allowed on the main trunk of Class A lines because
devices will not operate under an Open Circuit condition.

Smoke Detectors
+
ZAM
-
MAPNET
24VDC
EOLR
Class A Monitor
Figure 3-44
In this diagram, you can see that the Class A ZAM is also capable of providing a Class
“A” or style “D” circuit.

Visible or Audible Devices
ZAM
MAPNET
24VDC
Class A Signal
Figure 3-45
Note that a Class A, style Z Signal ZAM is available which will provide proper
operation, but as before it requires a source of 24 VDC.

N/O
MAPNET
COM Fused at 2 AMPS
N/C
ZAM
N/O
24VDC
COM
Fused at 2 AMPS
N/C
Unsupervised Control
Figure 3-46
Another available type of ZAM is an “unsupervised” ZAM used for control purposes. It
too requires a source of 24 VDC, and its contacts can be used to interface with devices,
such as:
l elevator control
l fan pressurization circuits; and
l dampers
Note that its contacts are Form C SPDT (Single Pole, Double Throw). Basically, this
means that you can provide a Normally Open (N/O) or Normally Closed (N/C)
contact—whichever the system manufacturer requires. This ZAM can control two
separate circuits. It is important to note that the devices connected to the control ZAM
contacts are not supervised and cannot provide any of the supervision previously
discussed.

STYLE 7
Style 7 is a 4-wire circuit like the style 6 previously discussed. It is a form of

communication which provides for system communication regardless of the wiring fault.
It has provisions to allow communication of all devices if there is a Single Short, Open,
or Ground Condition. It will even allow degraded communication with multiple faults.
Style 7 communications is available with 2120 Communications, 4100 RUI (Remote
Unit Interface), and 4120 Network.
More detail on how this is accomplished with each product will be covered in more
detail in later sessions.

Section Four: Proper Wiring Methods
In this section we will focus on the proper and improper wiring for both Initiating
Device Circuits and Notification Appliance Circuits.
Correct Wiring Methods

Initiating Devices and Notification Appliances
Wire Nut
IN OUT
Installed
Device EOLR
or
Appliance
IN OUT
Pigtail Connections - Correct Wiring Method
Figure 3-47
Since 1986, the NFPA has required that all devices be equipped with four (4) conductors
coming out of each device, as shown in this drawing. Note that every Initiating Device
and Notification Appliance has an “in” and “out” wiring.

Incorrect Wiring Methods
Initiating Devices and Notification Appliances
Wire Nut
Installed
Device EOLR
or
Appliance
Pigtail “T-Tap” Connections - Incorrect Wiring Method
Figure 3-48
Prior to 1986 and shown in this example, devices only provided two wires and had to be
connected with “pigtailed”, or “T-Tapped” wiring. Today, this is unacceptable and not
in accordance with code.

Notification Appliances
Red
Lead Red
+ + Leads
EOLR
- - Black
Black
Leads
Lead
Method
Old Accepted
in effect
Method
since 1-1-86
Figure 3-49
This diagram illustrates both methods described in the previous two diagrams.
More than two conductors in one connection is called a T-Tap (old method). Three or
more conductors in a single connection means the wiring to the device is no longer
supervised. If the single conductor from the T-Tap connection to the device breaks,
current would continue to flow passed the device through the EOLR and back to the
panel, but the device would not work in an Alarm condition. Similarly, a Trouble would
not result if a lead was accidentally disconnected. Both of these conditions are not
acceptable.
The wiring to every device must be fully supervised. Pigtailing is, therefore, not
allowed. Each device must have four (4) conductors for proper connection to the circuit.
It is essential that all of your drawings be specific about this requirement.

Initiating Device and Notification Appliance Circuits
Open Condition
IDC or NAC
Module
+
Supervision
EOLR
Circuit
-
J-Box
Figure 3-50
Another term used for Class “B” circuits is a two-wire circuit. Often contractors will be
confused by the requirement for four wires in certain portions of a two-wire circuit. As
a result, they will only use two wires and a T-Tap. As we have previously discussed, T-
Tapping prevents proper monitoring and supervision of the circuit.
This diagram clearly shows the correct wiring method. Anytime a junction goes out in
more than two directions, it requires an additional pair of conductors to ensure that
when an open occurs, a Trouble report is guaranteed.

Initiating Device and Notification Appliance Circuits
Open Condition
T-Tap
IDC or NAC
Module
+ EOLR
Supervision
Circuit
-
J-Box
Figure 3-51
In this diagram, only two (2) conductors have been pulled from the junction box up to a
device. In this case, the Supervision Circuit cannot detect the break in the wire because
current is flowing from terminal “+,” past the first T-Tap through the T-Tap in the
junction box, past the two T-Taps at the other two devices, through the EOLR and back
through the junction box to terminal “-.” Consequently, no Trouble condition is reported
even though the device on the circuit with the Open Condition cannot operate.

Point-to-Point or Single-Line Riser Diagrams

IDCs and NACs
Riser #1 Riser #2 Riser #3 EOLR

E
F F F O
L
R
F F F
F F J F F
To Control Panel
To Control Panel
Correct Wiring shown on Initiating Device Circuit and Notification Appliance Circuit Riser Drawings
Figure 3-52
In point-to-point or riser diagrams, it is essential that you show this correctly on your
drawings. Note that a 2-wire circuit is specified to the control panel, but the risers on
the left and middle have four (4) conductors. Only the riser on the right has two (2)
conductors with the EOLR.
Note that the wiring goes out from the control panel and comes back on the left and
center circuits. The only portion that can have two wires is the last circuit with the EOL
resistor. Everything else has to have an out and return wire.
When using ‘one’ line diagrams (risers), it is wise to use hash marks as a helpful
notation code of the proper number of conductors.

Point-to-Point or Single-Line Riser Diagrams

IDCs and NACs
Riser #3
E
Riser #1 Riser #2 EOLR
O
F F F
L
R
F F F
F J F F
To Control Panel
To Control Panel
Incorrect Wiring shown on Initiating Device Circuit and Notification Appliance Circuit Riser Drawings
Figure 3-53
This drawing shows the incorrect wiring method. With only two conductors in each
riser, neither Riser #1 nor Riser #2 is supervised. If a wire breaks in either or both
risers, the panel still has current flow to and from the EOLR in Riser #3 providing the
proper voltage back for supervision.

Grounding and Shielding
There are two important reasons for proper grounding of all equipment enclosures and
interconnected conduit. The first reason is to provide a certain safety level for anyone in
the building who might come in physical contact with the equipment, especially when
the equipment is in contact with an energized circuit. The second reason is provide the
proper electrical reference to enable the FACP to supervise for circuit ground fault
conditions. Without a solid building or earth ground connection, neither of these vital
functions can be provided.
By properly connecting and bonding the shields in shielded communication cables in a

building, the chances of electrical “noise” being picked up and transmitted into the
FACP is greatly reduced.
The system shield conductors should only be connected at the FACP and to only one
active system circuit. Typically, this connection is made at the power supply’s “System
Common” (-0V). In cases where the cable leaves the building, the shields may be
connected to the chassis (ground). For building components, terminals marked
specifically for shield connections should also be used to ensure proper bonding. For
any piece of equipment that does not provide shield-marked terminals, the shield
conductors should only be connected to each other and then properly insulated (taped) to
prevent unwanted ground faults.

Summary and Conclusions
The following Figures contain a summary of the requirements for each circuit type as
specified by the NFPA and detailed in the previous four segments. Keep them nearby as
a reference tool for future use.

Class B (Style B)
– A Short Circuit condition is required to report
an ALARM
– An Open Circuit or Ground Fault condition

will report a TROUBLE
– Initiating Devices are NOT required to operate

when an Open Circuit condition exists
– All Initiating Devices ARE required to operate

when a single Ground Fault condition exists
Figure 3-54
This figure summarizes the requirements of Class B (Style B) Initiating Device Circuits.

Class A (Style D)
– Same as Class B (Style B) Performance except:
– All Initiating Devices ARE required to operate

when a single Open Circuit condition exists
Figure 3-55
This figure summarizes the requirements of Class A (Style D) Initiating Device Circuits.

Class B (Style Y)
TROUBLE
– An Open Circuit or Ground Fault condition is
required to report a TROUBLE
– Notification Appliances are NOT required to operate
when a Short Circuit or Open Circuit condition exists
– All Notification Appliances ARE required to operate
when a single Ground Fault condition exists
Figure 3-56
This figure summarizes the requirements of Class B (Style Y) Notification Appliance

Circuits.

Class A (Style Z)
– Same as Class B (Style Y) Performance except:
– All Notification Appliances ARE required to operate

when a single Open Circuit condition exists
Figure 3-57
This figure summarizes the requirements of Class A (Style Z) Notification Appliance

Circuits.

Style 4 (Class B)
TROUBLE
– An Open Circuit or Ground Fault condition is
required to report a TROUBLE
– Equipment connected directly to the SLC are
NOT required to operate when a Short Circuit
or Open Circuit condition exists
– All equipment connected directly to the SLC
ARE required to operate when a single Ground
Fault condition exists
Figure 3-58
This figure summarizes the requirements of Style 4 (Class B) Signaling Line Circuits.

Style 6 (Class A)
– Same as Style 4 (Class B) Performance except:
ARE required to operate when a single Open
Circuit condition exists
Figure 3-59
This figure summarizes the requirements of Style 6 (Class A) Signaling Line Circuits.

Style 7
– Same as Style 6 (Class A) Performance except:
ARE required to operate when a single Short
Circuit condition exists
Figure 3-60
This figure summarizes the requirements of Style 7 Signaling Line Circuits.
Note: Fiber Optic Circuitry will be covered in later sessions.

Circuit Classifications and Performance - Quiz
Directions: Below are several multiple choice items for each statement or question.
Circle the appropriate letter or number that best matches each item.
1. The only component in a circuit that is not normally resistance-free is:
a. control panel
b. tamper switch
c. end-of-line resistor
d. J-box
e. none of the above
2. The difference between a Style D and Style B Initiating Device Circuit is that Style
D can:
a. reverse polarity
b. operate with a single short circuit
c. operate with single open conductor
d. all of the above
3. The difference between a Style Z and Style Y Notification Appliance Circuit is that
Style Z provides:
a. reverse polarity
b. trouble with open condition
c. operation with short circuit condition
d. 100% alarm operation with an open circuit condition
e. all of the above
4. If a specification calls for a Style D Initiating Device Circuit, it requires:
a. normal condition
b. trouble condition with single open conductor
c. alarm operation with open circuit condition
d. all of the above

5. If a specification calls for a Style Y Notification Appliance Circuit, it requires:
a. 2-wire circuit
b. reverse polarity on alarm
c. 100% operation with single open conductor
d. a and b
e. b and c
6. The difference between a Style 6 and Style 7 Signaling Line Circuit is that Style 7
provides operation with:
a. single open
b. single open conductor and ground conditions
c. single ground condition
d. wire-to-wire short
e. b and d
7. Style Y wiring indicates the following device type and Class:
a. NAC, Class A
b. NAC, Class B
c. IDC, Class B
d. IDC, Class A
e. SLC, Class B
8. Style D wiring indicates the following device type and Class:
a. NAC, Class A
b. NAC, Class B
c. IDC, Class B
d. IDC, Class A
e. SLC, Class B

9. Circle which of the following statement(s) are true. Next, circle the number that
lists the statements you selected.
a. A Class B IDC will report a Trouble on a Ground Fault condition.

b. A Class A IDC will operate on a single Open Circuit condition.
c. A Class B NAC will not operate with a Short Circuit condition.
d. A Class B SLC will Alarm with a Short Circuit condition.
e. A Style 7 SLC is required to operate with a Short Circuit condition.
1. a, b, and c
2. b, c and d
3. c, d and e
4. a, b, c and e
5. all of the above
10. Circle which of the following statement(s) are false. Next, circle the number that
lists the statements you selected.
a. A Short Circuit on a Class B IDC will report an Alarm.

b. All Class A IDCs are required to detect a Wire-to-Wire Short as a Trouble.
c. All Class B NACs are required to operate when a Single Ground Fault condition
occurs.
d. A Class A, Style Z NAC has the same performance as Class B, Style Y except in
a Single Open Circuit condition.
e. All Style 4 SLCs are required to operate when a Single Ground Fault condition
exists.
1. a only
2. b only
3. b and c
4. c, d and e
5. none of the above

Answer Key
1. c 2. c 3. d 4. d 5. d
6. d 7. b 8. d 9. 4 10. 2

INDEX
—A— —D— —L—

abnormal conditions, 5, 9, 20 D IDCs, 28 latched, 12
Adapter Module, 39 detector, 40 Line Circuit, 1, 33, 34, 35, 63, 64, 66
addressable circuit, 38 detector power circuit, 40
Addressable Module, 38 Device, 1, 3, 7, 20, 21, 44, 51, 60, 65 —M—
Alarm, 1, 2, 6, 8, 10, 11, 13, 20, 27, Device Circuit, 1, 7, 20, 21, 51, 60, 65
29, 32, 38, 40, 53, 67 Device Circuit Module, 7
microprocessor, 42, 44, 45
Alarm Components, 2 Double Throw, 49
Module, 7, 35, 38, 39
Alarm condition, 29, 32, 53
monitor, 40
alarm contact, 8 —E— monitored, 11
alarm relay contacts, 21
monitoring, 38, 42, 54
alarm systems, 9
electrical, 37, 42 Multiplex, 33
appliance, 1, 19, 21, 22, 26, 27, 32,
electrical switch controlled, 42
51, 61, 65, 66
electrically bypassed, 8 —N—
Appliance Circuits, 1, 26, 51, 61
EOLR, 7, 53, 55, 56, 57
—B— N/C, 49
—F— N/O, 7, 11, 49
N/O contact, 7
B circuit, 6, 40
FACP, 35, 37 N/O device, 11
B Initiating Device Circuit, 65
FACP Communications Module, 35 NAC, 19, 21, 27, 28, 66, 67
B Notification Appliance Circuit, 65,
fan pressurization circuits, 49 new Style, 4
66
Fault, 67 new style B, 4
backup, 43
first poll, 42, 43 new style D, 4
backup (secondary), 43
flashing strobes, 21 NFPA, 1, 3, 4, 5, 19, 20, 33, 34, 51, 59
Form C SPDT (Single Pole), 49 normal operation, 35, 42
—C— normally open contact, 21
—G— Notification Appliance, 1, 19, 21, 22,
C SPDT (Single Pole), 49 26, 27, 32, 51, 61, 65, 66
carrier signal, 6 Notification Appliance Circuit, 1, 19,
Ground, 5, 6, 9, 13, 20, 23, 34, 36, 50,
circuit, 1, 7, 11, 13, 19, 20, 21, 25, 26, 26, 32, 51, 61, 65, 66
67
27, 32, 33, 34, 35, 46, 51, 55, 60,
61, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67 —O—
Circuit Classifications, 1, 65 —H—
Circuit Condition, 25
Old Class, 4
Circuit Module, 7 hardwired, 7
old method, 53
circuit output, 38 hardwired zone, 7
Open Circuit, 13, 46, 67
circuit power section, 11
Open Circuit condition, 46, 67
circuit type, 1, 59 —I— Open Circuit Trouble, 13
Class, 4, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 27, 34,
Open Conductor, 9, 30, 37
38, 39, 41, 42, 46, 47, 48, 54, 59, IAM, 38 open contact, 21
60, 61, 63, 66, 67 IDC, 38, 67 output signals, 33
Class B, 7, 34, 41, 59, 61, 66, 67 improper wiring, 51
Class B Initiating Device Circuit, 65 incorrect wiring method, 57
Class B Notification Appliance Circuit, Individual Addressable Module, 38 —P—
65, 66 Initiating Device, 1, 3, 7, 20, 21, 51,
Class B SLC, 67 60, 65 panel, 21, 22, 35, 36, 38, 53, 56, 57,
Communications Module, 35 Initiating Device Circuit, 1 ,7, 20, 21, 65
conductors, 51, 53, 55, 56, 57 51, 60, 65 Performance, 1, 65
contacts, 7, 12, 13, 21, 22, 27, 29, 49 input signals, 33 performance capabilities, 1
contacts transfer, 22, 27 interfaces, 33 performance codes, 3
continuously switching, 42 interrogates, 35 point, 2, 56
control panel, 35, 36, 38, 56, 65 polarity, 22, 29, 65, 66
conventional hardwired zone, 7
CSI, 35, 42 —J— poll, 42, 43, 45
poll cycle, 42, 45
current flow, 11, 13, 57 Power, 11, 12, 13, 21, 40
cycle, 42, 45 junction box, 55

power circuit, 40 Single Short, 34, 50 —T—
pressurization, 49 SLC, 67
pressurization circuits, 49 smoke, 40
tamper, 65
primary, 42, 44, 45 smoke detector power circuit, 40
terminal, 7, 8, 9, 11, 55
primary pair, 42 Software, 35
transmitters, 33
proper monitoring, 54 Software Interrogation, 35
Trouble, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, 13, 23, 25, 28,
Proper Wiring Methods, 1, 51 SPDT, 49
32, 34, 37, 38, 53, 55, 67
specification, 65, 66
Trouble condition, 5, 28, 34, 55
—R— strobes, 21
trunk, 46
STYLE, 50
type, 1, 3, 49, 59, 66
Style 4, 33, 62
relay, 13, 21, 22, 26, 27, 40
Style 4 (Class B), 62
relay contacts, 21, 22, 27 —V—
style 4 circuit, 36, 37
report, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11, 13, 23, 37, 44,
style 4 reports, 34
45, 67
Style 6, 42, 63, 66 variation, 40
requirements, 5, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64
style 6 circuit, 34 VDC, 39, 41, 49
resistance, 26, 65
Style 7, 50 voltage, 7, 8, 9, 11
resistor, 7, 8, 11, 56, 65
Style 7 communications, 50
resistor (EOLR), 7
reverse polarity, 65, 66
Style 7 offers, 34 —W—
Style 7 provides operation, 66
Riser, 57
Style 7 Signaling Line Circuit, 64, 66 wire, 6, 9, 11, 20, 37, 39, 40, 42, 50,
riser diagrams, 56
Style 7 SLC, 67 54, 55, 56, 57, 66
Style B, 7, 59 wire detectors, 39, 40
—S— style B circuit, 6 Wiring, 1, 51
style B performance, 11 Wiring Methods, 1, 51
second pair, 40 style B Single Open, 6
secondary, 42, 43, 45 Style D, 60
secondary lines, 45 style D circuitry requires, 11 —Y—
Short, 6, 20, 25, 32, 34, 50, 67 style D IDCs, 28
Short Circuit, 25, 32, 67 style E, 5 Y NAC circuit, 27
Short Circuit Condition, 25 Style Y, 61, 66 Y Signal ZAM, 41
Signal, 41, 48 style Y NAC circuit, 27
signal power, 21, 22 style Y Signal ZAM, 41 —Z—
Signal ZAM, 41, 48 Style Y wiring indicates, 66
Signaling, 1, 33, 34, 35, 63, 64, 66 Style Z, 61 Z NAC, 28
Signaling Line Circuit, 1, 33, 34, 35, style Z NACs, 28 Z Signal ZAM, 48
63, 64, 66 style Z Signal ZAM, 48 ZAM, 39, 40, 41, 47, 48, 49
signals, 33 supervised, 21, 53, 57 Zone, 39
Simplex, 38 Supervision, 11, 13, 21, 27, 42, 55 Zone Adapter Module, 39
single conductor, 53 Supervision Circuit, 11, 13, 21, 27, 55
Single Ground, 5, 6, 9, 13, 20, 23, 34, switch, 8, 42, 43, 65
36, 67 switch controlled, 42
Single Ground Condition, 9, 23, 36 switching, 42
Single Open, 5, 6, 9, 11, 20, 23, 24, system input signals, 33
27, 30, 34, 37, 44 systems, 4, 5, 9, 26
Single Pole, 49

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Table of Contents

Circuit Classifications and Performance

About This PACE Book 1

Section One: Initiating Devices 3

Section Two: Notification Appliance Circuits 19

Section Three: Signaling Line Circuits, Multiplex 33

Circuit Classifications and Performance Table of Contents

Section Four: Proper Wiring Methods 51

Summary and Conclusions 59

Circuit Classifications and Performance - Quiz 64

Table of Contents Circuit Classifications and Performance

About This Book

Circuit Classifications and Performance is Book Three in the series of prerequisite

This text is divided into four sections:

l Section One: Initiating Device Circuits

After completing this PACE Book, you should be able to:

l identify the individual types of circuits

Circuit Classifications and Performance Page 1

Page 2 Circuit Classifications and Performance

n Initiating Device Circuits

n Notification Appliance Circuits

n Signaling Line Circuits (multiplex)

Circuit Classifications and Performance Page 3

Page 4 Circuit Classifications and Performance

Alarm Receipt Capability During Abnormal Condition

Alarm Receipt Capability During Abnormal Condition

Alarm Receipt Capability During Abnormal Condition

Alarm Receipt Capability During Abnormal Condition

Alarm Receipt Capability During Abnormal Condition

D. Loss of Carrier (If/Used)/Channel Interace X X

Circuit Classifications and Performance Page 5

A wire-to-wire short must generate an alarm as shown by “X.”

Page 6 Circuit Classifications and Performance

Typical N/O Device

Circuit Classifications and Performance Page 7

Page 8 Circuit Classifications and Performance

Trouble Operation with a Single Open

IDC Module Open Conductor

Circuit Classifications and Performance Page 9

Alarm Operation with a Single Open

IDC Module Open Conductor

Page 10 Circuit Classifications and Performance

Typical N/O Devices

Circuit Classifications and Performance Page 11

Trouble Operation with a Single Open Conductor

IDC Module Open Conductor

Typical N/O Device

* Contents close on open circuit condition

Page 12 Circuit Classifications and Performance

Alarm Operation with a Single Open Conductor

IDC Module Open Conductor

Circuit Classifications and Performance Page 13

Using Normally Open

Page 14 Circuit Classifications and Performance

Using Normally Open Contacts

Circuit Classifications and Performance Page 15

Using Normally Open Contacts

Page 16 Circuit Classifications and Performance

Using Normally Open Contacts

Circuit Classifications and Performance Page 17

Using Normally Open Contacts

Page 18 Circuit Classifications and Performance

Notification Appliance Circuits