4 Appendix PER elk eee Personal opinion: {Inmyopinion/view, To my mind, To my way of thinking, | am convinced that, strikes me that, {tis my fim belief that, am inclined to believe that it seems to me that, As far as lam concerned, I think that the conflict between the parties was inevitable. To list advantages and disadvantages: ‘One advantage of, Another advantage of, One other advantage of, A further advantage of, The ‘main advantage of, The greatest advantage of, The first advantage of using the Internet isthe ease with which we can access information. One disadvantage of, Another disadvantage of, One other disadvantage of, A further disadvantage, The main disadvantage of, The greatest disadvantage of, The fist disadvantage of using the Internets the amount of extraneous information which slows down any search. To list points: Firstly, First Of all,n the first place, Secondly, Thirdly, Finally, To starU/begin with, we have to adress the underbying causes of poverty before we develop an appropriate policy. Tost pointsin a specie sequence: GRAS ~ Fist, Tostart/begin with, First of al, the manuscript was submitted tothe examination: ‘board. ‘CONTINUING - Secondly After this/that, Afterwards, Then, Next, the firstand second exominers ‘assessed the manuscript. CONCWONG - Finally Lastly Last but not least the final grade was decided. To add more points 'to'the same topic: Wharismore Furthernere, Apartfrom thst, iacidton to this, Moreover Besides th)... at to ‘mention the fact that technological change has made a majar impact on communication, which will greatly influence the way we interact with each other ‘Not only has technological change made a major impact on communication, butit wil also ‘greatly influence the way we interact with each other, Technological change's both Having a majorimpact an communication and is something that will influence the way we interact with each other To refer to other sources: With reference to, According to recent data, the effects of global warming willbe evident within. thenext ten years. To express cause: ‘The man was convicted yesterday because, owing tothe fact that, due tothe fact that, on the grounds thar, since, as there was a substantial body of evidence lining him to the crime. Inview of Because of Owing toa substantial body of evidence linking him tothe crime, the man was ‘onwicted yesterday There was a substantial body of evidence linking him tothe crime: for this reason, the man was convicted yesterday. Seeing that there was a substantial body of evidence linking him to the crime, the rman was ‘convicted yesterday. ‘The judge wll reconsider now that a lew witness has come forward, To express effect: ‘Sales were tertible and our debt was growing: thus, therefore, so, consequently, as a result, as @ ‘consequence, we closed down the business. ‘To express purpose: ‘Due to the economic dovturn, the company decided toclose one ofthe factories, so that profits would be maintained. ‘Due tothe economic downturn, the company decided taclose one ofthe factories, sos to/in order to meintain profits. ‘Due tothe economic downturn, the company decided to close one ofits factories; incase profits could natbe maintained. They purchased the land withthe purpose/intention of developing a wtdile reserve,Linking Words/Ph: Appendix Toemphasise a pol: Indeed, Naturally Clearly, Obviously, Of course, Needless to say, the prestige ofthe backers ‘meant that the scheme wos assured of success. To express reality: Its a fact that, in effect, Infact, As amatter of fact, The fact of the matters (that), Actually In ractice, Indeed, filing to adequately maintain your motor vehicle wil seriously increase the risk of accident. “Toexpress the difference between appearance and realty: Initially, Ae frst, the candidate enjayed strong support. but this would prove tobe short-lived, To give examples: For instance, For example, by providing taxation benefits, the government can encourage ‘companies ta move out of the city centre Byproviding incentives such a, lke taxation benefits, the government can encourage companies tomove out ofthe cy centre. ‘companies are to move out ofthe citycente, then the provision of incentives, particulary in _| porta especialy taxation bene exert To make general "Asa (general rule By and large, Generally, in general, On the whole, the warmer the statements: ‘enironment, the wider the varity of plant and animal species twill suppor. “To make partially Up toa point, Toa certain extentidegree, To some extent/degree, In a sense, In away, Toa true statements: limited extent, this i true but students will aways need the stimulation ofaclasseoom environment. To express tmited knowledge: To the best of my knowledge, As far as I know, Margaret Thatcher i Britains longest-serving Prime Ministerto date. ‘Tosstate other people's opinions: Itis popularly believed that, People often claim that, its often alleged that, Some people argue ‘hat, Many argue that, Most people feel that, Some people point out that moderate exercise ‘actually decreases one's appetite. Contrary to popular belief, moderate exercise does not increase ones appetite, To make contrasting points: tis awell-known foct that smoking is harmful to one’s health; ye; however, nevertheless, ‘but, even so, til, nonetheless, large numbers of young people ake up smoking every. year “Although, Even though, Regardless ofthe fact that In spite of the fact that, Despite the fact that, While smoking is known tobe harmful to one’ health, laige numbers of young people take ‘up smoking every year To express balance (the | Opponents of the use of nuclear energy argue, claim, believe that alternative fuels offer all of the other side of the ‘benefits without the risks. argument) While itis true to say that genetically modtfied food may hold the key to solving the worlds food shortage problem, in fact should be viewed with caution, ‘The fact that there have been considerable cutbacks in funding for schools contradicts the bellet/ idea that the government is commited to better educational standards. ‘Negative addition: ‘Neither the Minister nor the Secretary were re-elected. The Minister was not reelected: nor neither was the Secretary. ‘The Minister wasn't re-elected, and the Secietary wasn't either: To express exception: | Hehasattended every tutorial apart from, but, except (fork one. To clarifyrephrase: ‘nother words, Thatis to say, To put itanother way ifyou wear a helmet you are less key tobe seriously injured.i RW ane To express similarity: To give an alternative: Eating a bolanced diets essential to good heath; similarly, likewise, inthe same way, moderate ‘exercise aso promotes well-being ‘We could use (either) 0 whisk or an electric miver. We could use a whisk. On the other hand, Alternatively, we could use an electric miver. To express condition: Hemade statement othe press on condition that, provided (chat, providing (that), as Jong ashe was not identified by name. He would make statement to the press only ifhe was not identified by name. {In the event of fre, In the event that, fa fie should break out, make for the nearest fre exit os quickly as possible. ake a compass in case you lose your way. Do you happen to know whether Mr James's available this afternoon or not? You should book early otherwise, or (else) you willbe disappointed. To express the ‘consequence of a condition The price of petrol is due to Increase again: consequently, so, in which case, 1 wil stat sing publictranspor. {im boping to get my bonus toy, 50,11 pay forthe tickets in cashitnot otherwise, use my credit card To express comparison: ‘Mysisteris as honestas, more honest than, twice as honest as, ess honest than me, To condude: Finally, Lastly, Allin all, Taking everything into account/consideration, On the whole, All things ‘considered, In conclusion, On balance, For the above mentioned reasons, To sum up, it’suniikely that an agreement will be reached in the foreseeable future. Time: ‘Open the door when, whenever, before, after the buzzer sounds. Woit uni tl the buzzer sounds before opening the doot There has been no snow inthis area since 1927. “She saw him as she was walking down the street. She saw him while she was waiting in the queue, ‘never see her now that she works on the ith flooe Relatives: twas that mnan over there whoa/that witnessed the acccident, That’ the footballer whase goal won the match. Thats the barrister who/that wil epresent you in court That's the restaurant where |met my wite ‘That’ the woman who/that | think was responsible Thats the woman to whom ! spoke. Reference: ‘summarising: ‘Tam writing to request mote information regarding, concerning he impact ofthe proposed aiport ‘on local wildifehabitars. ‘am writing with respectitegardireference'to, in egard/relerence tthe vacant accountants post in your company {In short. Briefly To putt briefly it was the performance of alifetime!