TEST2

1) Describe your understanding of why different crystal structures exhibit different

strengths and ductilities. (5%)

描述您對不同晶體結構表現出不同強度和延展性的原因的理解

2) Make a sketch of volume vs. temperature for a metal that shrinks when it cools
from the liquid state to room temperature. On the graph, mark the area where

shrinkage is compensated by risers. (5%)繪製金屬體積與溫度的關係圖，該金屬在

從液態冷卻到室溫時會收縮。 在圖表上，標記由冒口補償收縮的區域。

3) If a material (such as aluminum) does not have an endurance limit, how then

would you estimate its fatigue life (5%)? 如果材料（如鋁）沒有耐久極限，那麼

您如何估計其疲勞壽命

4) it is known that pouring metal at a high rate into a mold can have certain

disadvantages. Are there any disadvantages to pouring it very slowly? (5%) 眾所周

知，將金屬以高速率澆注到模具中會有一些缺點。 傾倒它有什麼不利之處嗎？

5) What hardness test is suitable for determining the hardness of a thin ceramic

coating on a piece of metal? (5%) 什麼硬度測試適合於確定一塊金屬上的薄陶瓷

塗層的硬度

6) List and explain the desirable mechanical properties of (a) an elevator cable, (b) a
paper clip, (c)a leaf spring for a truck, (d) a bracket for a bookshelf, (e) piano wire.

(5%) 列出並解釋（a）電梯電纜，（b）回形針，（c）用於卡車的板簧，（d）用

於書架的支架，（e）鋼琴線的理想機械性能。

7) Does corrosion have any beneficial effects? Explain. (5%) 腐蝕有什麼有益的影響

嗎？ 說明

8) If tungsten is the highest melting point metal, why are no high temperature parts

in Fig. 6.1 made from tungsten? (5%) 如果鎢是最高熔點的金屬，為什麼圖 6.1 中

的高溫部件不是由鎢製成的？

9) A cylinder with a diameter of 40 mm and a height of 80 mm solidifies in three

minutes in a sand casting operation. What is the solidification time if the cylinder

height is doubled? What is the time if the diameter is doubled? (10%)直徑為 40 毫

米，高度為 80 毫米的圓筒在砂型鑄造操作中在 3 分鐘內固化。 如果氣缸高度

加倍，凝固時間是多少？ 直徑加倍的時間是多少？

10) It generally is not desirable to use steels in their as quenched condition. Explain

why. (5%) 通常不希望在淬火狀態下使用鋼。 解釋為什麼。

11) Figure P10.55 indicates various defects and discontinuities in cast products.

Review each defect and offer solutions to prevent it. (10%) 圖 P10.55 表示鑄造產品

的各種缺陷和不連續性。 檢查每個缺陷並提供解決方案以防止它。

12) Do metal-matrix composites have any advantages over reinforced plastics?

Explain. (5%) 金屬基複合材料比增強塑料有什麼優勢嗎？ 說明

13) Give reasons for the development of ceramic-matrix composites. Name some

applications, and explain why they should be effective. (5%)為陶瓷基複合材料的發

展提供理由。 列舉一些應用程序，並解釋它們為什麼應該有效。

14) Portable (notebook) computers and digital cameras can have their housing made

of magnesium.Why? (5%) 便攜式（筆記本）電腦和數碼相機的外殼可以用鎂製

成。為什麼？

15) List the common impurities in steel. Which of these are the ones most likely to be

minimized if the steel is melted in a vacuum furnace? (10%) 列出鋼中的常見雜質。

如果鋼在真空爐中熔化，哪些是最有可能最小化的？

16) Which hardness tests and scales would you use for very thin strips of metal, such

as aluminum foil? Explain. (5%)對於非常薄的金屬條，例如鋁箔，您會使用哪種

硬度測試和標尺？ 說明

17) How many grains are there on the surface of the head of a pin? Assume that the
head of a pin is spherical with a 1-mm diameter and has an ASTM grain size of

12.(5%)針頭表面有多少顆顆粒？ 假設銷的頭部是球形的，直徑為 1 毫米，

ASTM 粒度為 12