Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Paper – I
Ecology and its relevance to man, natural resources, their sustainable management and
conservation. Physical and social environment as factors of crop distribution and production.
Agro ecology; cropping pattern as indicators of environments.
Environmental pollution and associated hazards to crops, animals and humans. Climate
change – International conventions and global initiatives. Green house effect and global
warming. Advance tools for ecosystem analysis – Remote sensing ( RS ) and Geographic
Information Systems ( GIS ).
Cropping patterns in different agro-climatic zones of the country. Impact of high-yielding and
short-duration varieties on shifts in cropping patterns. Concepts of various cropping and
farming systems.
Organic and Precision farming. Package of practices for production of important cereals,
pulses, oil seeds, fibres, sugar, commercial and fodder crops. Important features and scope of
various types of forestry plantations such as social forestry, agro-forestry, and natural forests.
Propagation of forest plants. Forest products. Agro forestry and value addition. Conservation
of forest flora and fauna. Weeds, their characteristics, dissemination and association with
various crops; their multiplications; cultural, biological, and chemical control of weeds. Soil-
physical, chemical and biological properties. Processes and factors of soil formation.
Soils of India. Mineral and organic constituents of soils and their role in maintaining soil
productivity. Essential plant nutrients and other beneficial elements in soils and plants.
Principles of soil fertility, soil testing and fertilizer recommendations, integrated nutrient
management. Biofertilizers.
Losses of nitrogen in soil, nitrogen-use efficiency in submerged rice soils, nitrogen fixation in
soils. Efficient phosphorus and potassium use. Problem soils and their reclamation. Soil
factors affecting greenhouse gas emission. Soil conservation, integrated watershed
management.
Soil erosion and its management. Dry land agriculture and its problems. Technology for
stabilizing agriculture production in rain fed areas. Water-use efficiency in relation to crop
production, criteria for scheduling irrigations, ways and means of reducing run-off losses of
irrigation water. Rainwater harvesting.
Drip and sprinkler irrigation. Drainage of waterlogged soils, quality of irrigation water, effect
of industrial effluents on soil and water pollution. Irrigation projects in India. Farm
management, scope, importance and characteristics, farm planning. Optimum resource use
and budgeting. Economics of different types of farming systems.
Crop Insurance. Agricultural extension, its importance and role, methods of evaluation of
extension programmes, socio-economic survey and status of big, small and marginal farmers
and landless agricultural labourers. Training programmes for extension workers. Role of
Krishi Vigyan Kendra’s ( KVK ) in dissemination of Agricultural technologies. Non
Government Organization ( NGO ) and self-help group approach for rural development.
Paper – II
Cell structure, function and cell cycle. Synthesis, structure and function of genetic material.
Laws of heredity. Chromosome structure, chromosomal aberrations, linkage and cross-over,
and their significance in recombination breeding. Polyploidy, euploids and aneuploids.
Mutations – and their role in crop improvement. Cytoplasmic inheritance, sex-linked, sex
influenced and sex-limited characters.
History of plant breeding. Modes of reproduction, selfing and crossing techniques. Origin,
evolution and domestication of crop plants, center of origin, law of homologous series, crop
genetic resources-conservation and utilization.
Breeding for disease and pest resistance. Role of interspecific and intergeneric hybridization.
Role of genetic engineering and biotechnology in crop improvement. Genetically modified
crop plants. Seed production and processing technologies. Seed certification, seed testing and
storage.
DNA finger printing and seed registration. Role of public and private sectors in seed
production and marketing. Intellectual Property Rights ( IPR ) issues, WTO issues and its
impact on Agriculture. Principles of Plant Physiology with reference to plant nutrition,
absorption, translocation and metabolism of nutrients.
Soil water-plant relationship. Enzymes and plant pigments; photosynthesis- modern concepts
and factors affecting the process, aerobic and anaerobic respiration; C3, C4 and CAM
mechanisms. Carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism. Growth and development;
photoperiodism and vernalilzation.
Plant growth substances and their role in crop production. Physiology of seed development
and germination; dormancy. Stress physiology – draught, salt and water stress. Major fruits,
plantation crops, vegetables, spices and flower crops. Package practices of major horticultural
crops.
Protected cultivation and high tech horticulture. Post harvest technology and value addition
of fruits and vegetables. Landscaping and commercial floriculture. Medicinal and aromatic
plants. Role of fruits and vegetables in human nutrition. Diagnosis of pests and diseases of
field crops, vegetables, orchard and plantation crops and their economic importance.
Classification of pests and diseases and their management. Integrated pest and disease
management. Storage pests and their management. Biological control of pests and diseases.
Epidemiology and forecasting of major crop pests and diseases. Plant quarantine measures.
Pesticides, their formulation and modes of action. Food production and consumption trends in
India. Food security and growing population – vision 2020. Reasons for grain surplus.
National and international food policies.
Production, procurement, distribution constraints. Availability of food grains, per capita
expenditure on food. Trends in poverty, Public Distribution System and Below Poverty Line
population, Targeted Public Distribution System ( PDS ), policy implementation in context to
globalization. Processing constraints.
Relation of food production to National Dietary Guidelines and food consumption pattern.
Food based dietary approaches to eliminate hunger. Nutrient deficiency – Micro nutrient
deficiency : Protein Energy Malnutrition or Protein Calorie Malnutrition ( PEM or PCM ),
Micro nutrient deficiency and HRD in context of work capacity of women and children. Food
grain productivity and food security.
Civil Agriculture Syllabus, Civil Service Agriculture Paper, IAS Exams, IAS Prelims
Syllabus, Syllabus for Agriculture IAS, UPSC, UPSC Exams
Civil Service Exam Preliminary – IAS Exam 2014 Syllabus for Agriculture
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Importance of crop plants, cultural practices for cereal, pulses, oilseed, fibre, sugar, tuber and
fodder crops and scientific basis for these crop rotations, multiple and relay cropping, intercropping
and mixed cropping.
Soil as medium of plant growth and its composition, mineral and organic constituents of the soil and
their role in crop production; chemical, physical and microbiological properties of soils. Essential
plant nutrients (macro and micro)their functions, occurrence, cycling in soils Principles of soil fertility
and its evaluation for judicious fertilizer use. Organic manures and bio-fertilizers, inorganic
fertilizers, integrated nutrient management.
Principles of plant physiology with reference to plant nutrition, absorption, transactions, and
metabolism of nutrients.
Diagnosis of nutrient deficiencies and their amelioration photosynthesis and respiration, growth and
development, auxins and hormones in plant growth.
Cell and cell organelles. Cell division. Reproductive cycle, Principles of genetics, gene-interaction,
sex determination, linkage and recombination, mutation, extra chromosomal inheritance, polyploidy.
Origin and domestication of crop plants. Genetic resources-conservation and utilization. Floral
biology in relation to selfing and crossing.
Genetic basis of plant breeding pureline selection, mass selection, male sterility and incompatibility
and their use in plant breeding. Pedigree selection, back-cross method of selection. Heterosis and
its exploitation. Development of hybrids, composites and synthetic, Important varieties, hybrids,
composites and synthetic of major crops. Seeds and seed-production techniques.
Important fruit and vegetable crops of India, method of propagationSexual and asexual. Package
and practices and their scientific basis. Crop rotation, intercropping, companion crops, role of fruits
and vegetables in human nutrition, post-harvest handling and processing of fruits and vegetables.
Landscaping and ornamental horticulture, commercial floriculture. Medicinal and aromatic plants.
Serious pests and diseases affecting major crops. Principles of control of crop pests and diseases,
integrated management. Proper use and maintenance of plant protection equipment.
Principles of economics as applied to agriculture. Farm planning and optimum resourceuse
efficiency and maximising income and employment. Farm systems and their spatial distribution,
their significant roles in regional economic
at 3:05 pm # Reply Agriculture, its importance in national economy. Factors determining agroecological zones and
geographic distribution of crop plants.
Importance of crop plants, cultural practices for cereal, pulses, oilseed, fibre, sugar, tuber and fodder crops and scientific basis
for these crop rotations, multiple and relay cropping, intercropping and mixed cropping.
Soil as medium of plant growth and its composition, mineral and organic constituents of the soil and their role in crop
production; chemical, physical and microbiological properties of soils. Essential plant nutrients (macro and micro)�their
functions, occurrence, cycling in soils Principles of soil fertility and its evaluation for judicious fertilizer use. Organic manures
and bio-fertilizers, inorganic fertilizers, integrated nutrient management.
Principles of plant physiology with reference to plant nutrition, absorption, transactions, and metabolism of nutrients.
Diagnosis of nutrient deficiencies and their amelioration photosynthesis and respiration, growth and development, auxins and
hormones in plant growth.
Cell and cell organelles. Cell division. Reproductive cycle, Principles of genetics, gene-interaction, sex determination, linkage
and recombination, mutation, extra chromosomal inheritance, polyploidy. Origin and domestication of crop plants. Genetic
resources-conservation and utilization. Floral biology in relation to selfing and crossing.
Genetic basis of plant breeding pureline selection, mass selection, male sterility and incompatibility and their use in plant
breeding. Pedigree selection, back-cross method of selection. Heterosis and its exploitation. Development of hybrids,
composites and synthetic, Important varieties, hybrids, composites and synthetic of major crops. Seeds and seed-production
techniques.
Important fruit and vegetable crops of India, method of propagation�Sexual and asexual. Package and practices and their
scientific basis. Crop rotation, intercropping, companion crops, role of fruits and vegetables in human nutrition, post-harvest
handling and processing of fruits and vegetables. Landscaping and ornamental horticulture, commercial floriculture. Medicinal
and aromatic plants. Serious pests and diseases affecting major crops. Principles of control of crop pests and diseases,
integrated management. Proper use and maintenance of plant protection equipment.
Principles of economics as applied to agriculture. Farm planning and optimum resource�use efficiency and maximising income
and employment. Farm systems and their spatial distribution, their significant roles in regional economic development..
1. Plant Breeding
2. Genetics
3. Physiology
4. Indroduction To Horticulture
5. Handbook Of Agriculture By ICAR
6. Agricultural Economics and Farm Management
7. Agricultural Extension Education in India
8. Soil Science
9. Agronomy
1. Pathology
2. Entomology
3. The Hindu – Survey Of Indian Agriculture
4. Agriculture Statistics – Department of Agriculture & Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture,
Government of India - http://agricoop.nic.in.
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Last updated on December 17th, 2012 ClearIAS.com | Filed under: UPSC Books
5 Responses to "Agriculture – Civil Services Books –
Mains Exam"
am Anil kranthi from hyd doing my B.Sc 2nd yr in Agriculture… i have a strong aspiration to become an IAS.. but I
Reply
A. ClearIAS.com says:
Dear Anil, Your strong aspiration is the first step. The next step is collection of maximum information
regarding the latest pattern, syllabus etc for the exam. Since you are doing graduation, build your basics
by regularly reading NCERT text books and The Hindu…All other details and links for Civil Services Exam
Reply
Sir/Mam
Am Irfan Basha completed my XIIth class ( 89.8% ) with combinations (History, Economics, Geography) in 2012-
13 (AP state board). I have a dream goal as IAS thats the reason for me to step into arts in Intermediate itself.
Now I would like to join B.A (Bachelor of Arts) but am in confusion that which combination in graduation is best to
Thanking you
Reply
A. ClearIAS.com says:
Having an orientation towards IAS right from school days is a really good trait.You may go through the link
regarding the current UPSC exam pattern and syllabus. You may take any subject in which you have
command like History, Economics, Geography etc as your graduation main. The same subject can be
used as Civil Services Mains Exam Optional. Go through the UPSC syllabus of each of the mains subjects
in which you have interest and then decide which one suits you better. All the best!
Reply
3. rajanpathak says:
i want to take agriculture as one of my optional alongwith public administration but which writers should I prefer
Reply
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The
Agriculture
Books on Agriculture Optional subject for IAS Exam are as Follows: