ВЕСТНИК 2/2011

МГСУ

ȽȺɊɆɈɇɂɁȺɐɂə ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɂɏ ɋɌɊɈɂɌȿɅɖɇɕɏ ɇɈɊɆ

HARMONIZATION OF THE RUSSIAN BUILDING SIZE

STANDARDS

ȼ. Ɉ. Ⱥɥɦɚɡɨɜ

V. O. Almazov

ɆȽɋɍ

Ɋɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ, ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɚɫ-

ɱɟɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɋɇɢɉ «Ȼɟɬɨɧɧɵɟ ɢ ɠɟɥɟɡɨɛɟɬɨɧɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ» ɢ ȿɜɪɨɤɨɞ 2. Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡɢ-
ɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɨɹɳɢɟ ɬɪɭɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨ-
ɞɭɤɬɨɜ.

Principles, technology and results of comparative calculations on SNiP «Concrete and rein-
forced concrete constructions» and the Eurocode 2 are considered. Forthcoming difficulties
and advantages of creation of the harmonised products are analyzed.

ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɨɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɧɵɯ

ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ, ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɨɬɤɪɵɥɢ ɩɨɩɪɚɜɤɢ ɤ Ɂɚɤɨɧɭ «Ɉ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ»,
ɩɪɢɧɹɬɵɟ Ƚɨɫɞɭɦɨɣ ɜ ɤɨɧɰɟ ɩɪɨɲɥɨɝɨ ɝɨɞɚ, ɫɨɡɞɚɥɢ ɜɚɠɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɫɵɥɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɞɚɥɶ-
ɧɟɣɲɟɣ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɰɢɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɜ ɦɢɪɨɜɭɸ ɢ, ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ, ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɭɸ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɭ. Ɏɚɤ-
ɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɧɚɱɚɬɶ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɧɨɜɚɹ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ – ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɟ
ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɛɚɡɵ. ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɧɚɩɨɦɧɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɩɪɚɜɤɢ ɜ Ɂɚɤɨɧ «Ɉ ɬɟɯ-
ɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ», ɩɪɢɧɹɬɵɟ Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ Ⱦɭɦɨɣ ɜ ɤɨɧɰɟ ɩɪɨɲɥɨɝɨ ɝɨɞɚ,
ɜɦɟɧɢɥɢ ɜ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɤɨɦɢɬɟɬɚɦ Ɋɨɫɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚ (ɜ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɷɬɨ ɌɄ
465) ɜɵɞɚɱɭ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɣ ɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ, ɜ ɬɨɦ
ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ ȿɜɪɨɤɨɞɨɜ, ɜ ɩɟɪɟɱɟɧɶ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ, ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɛɟɫɩɟ-
ɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɨɜ, ɜ ɧɚɲɟɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ, ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟ-
ɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɚ «Ɉ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ». ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ, ɨɬɜɟɱɚɹ ɧɚ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ,
ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɜ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɟ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ «ɋɇɢɉɵ ɢɥɢ ȿɜɪɨɤɨɞɵ» ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɜɟɬɢɬɶ: ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹ –
ɚɤɬɭɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɋɇɢɉɵ, ɢ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨ – ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɩɨ ɩɪɢɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɸ ɤ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ȿɜɪɨɤɨɞɨɜ.
ɉɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɹ ȿɜɪɨɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ ɢ ȿɜɪɨɤɨɞɨɜ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɩɨɫɥɭɠɢɬɶ
ɫɬɢɦɭɥɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɫ ɟɜ-
ɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɦɢ ɤɨɥɥɟɝɚɦɢ. ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɩɨ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɸ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ
ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɧɚ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ. Ȼɟɡ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɨɝɨ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨ-
ɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɚɭɤɢ ɨɛɨɣɬɢɫɶ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ.
Ɂɚɞɚɱɢ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɧɚ ɪɚɡ-
ɧɵɯ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɯ:
1. Ȼɥɢɡɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɨɫɧɨɜ.
2. ɂɞɟɧɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ,
3. ɋɨɜɩɚɞɟɧɢɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɤ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦ,

84
 2/2011 ВЕСТНИК
МГСУ

4. ɋɨɜɩɚɞɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɢ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ.

ȼɵɛɪɚɜ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɢɥɢ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɢɡ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɣ, ɦɵ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɠɟ-
ɥɚɟɦɵɣ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ. ɇɚ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɷɬɚɩɟ ɨɱɟɜɢɞɧɵɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ 4 ɢ
ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ 3. ɑɬɨ ɤɚɫɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɚɞɚɱ 1 ɢ 2 ɢɯ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɩɨɥɧɨ-
ɰɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɜ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɦ Ʉɨɦɢɬɟɬɟ ɩɨ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɨɥ-
ɧɨɩɪɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɚ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɣ ɞɢɫɤɭɫɫɢɢ.
ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɬɪɭɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ: ɤɥɢɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɨ-
ɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ, ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ, ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ. ɉɨɥɚɝɚ-
ɟɦ, ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɩɪɟɨɞɨɥɢɦɵ.
ɂɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɟ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɯ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ ɢ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɫɬɪɚɧ, ɜ
ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ, ɢ ɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɟɞɢɧɨɣ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɛɚɡɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɸɡɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ,
Ȼɟɥɨɪɭɫɫɢɢ ɢ Ʉɚɡɚɯɫɬɚɧɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ȿɜɪȺɡɗɫ, ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɜɵɝɥɹɞɟɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɦɟɠɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧ-
ɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɧɧɚɹ ɧɟ ɧɚ ɨɞɢɧ ɝɨɞ. Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɭɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɪɹɞ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ
ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɜɯɨɞɢɬɶ ɜ ɷɬɭ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ:
- ɚɤɬɭɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɢ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɜ
ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɢɥɢ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɠɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚ, ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ
ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɨ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɞɥɹ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ;
- ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɟɣ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬ-
ɜɟɧɧɵɯ (ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɯ) ɢ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɯ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɹɦ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ
ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɥɟɱɶ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɭ ɟɞɢɧɨɣ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɛɚɡɵ;
- ɧɚɥɚɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɹɦɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɚɜɬɨɪɚɦɢ-ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɱɢɤɚɦɢ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɱɟɪɟɡ
ɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɯ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ ɤ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɦɢɬɟɬɨɜ CEN, ɱɬɨ ɩɨ-
ɫɥɭɠɢɬ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɫɚɦɢɯ Eɜɪɨɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɹɞɨɦ
ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ «ɚɩɪɢɨɪɢ» ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɬɫɹ ɡɚ ɷɬɚɥɨɧ;
- ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚ ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɟɜ ɩɨ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚɦ ɢ ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ
ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɯ, ɛɟɥɨɪɭɫɫɤɢɯ, ɤɚɡɚɯɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɯ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ, - ɚɧɚɥɢɡ
ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɹɦɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ Eɜɪɨɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ;
- ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɟ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ ɢ ɢɯ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɤ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɵɦɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɚɦɢ;
- ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɯ ɤɭɪɫɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɵɯ ɢ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɩɨ
ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɸ Eɜɪɨɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ ɢ ɢɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ;
- ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɚɤɟɬɚ ɬɟɦ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɢɯ ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ
ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɯ, ɛɟɥɨɪɭɫɫɤɢɯ, ɤɚɡɚɯɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɢ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ.
Ʉɚɮɟɞɪɚ ɠɟɥɟɡɨɛɟɬɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɯ ɥɟɬ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɥɚ
ɩɪɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɢ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬɨɜ (ȼ. ɋ. Ƚɨɪɛɚɬɨɜ, Ⱦ. ɉ. ɋɢɞɨɪɟɧɤɨ) ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɩɨ
ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɸ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɩɨ ɠɟɥɟɡɨɛɟɬɨɧɭ ɢ ȿɜɪɨɤɨɞɚ
2 (ɪɟɞɚɤɰɢɢ 1992 ɢ 2003 ɝ.ɝ.). Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɷɬɢɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶ-
ɧɭɸ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ 4. ȼ ɱɚ-
ɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɢɡɝɢɛɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶ-
ɧɨɦɭ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɸ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɨ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɟ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɟ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟ-
ɧɢɹ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ – 1,6%. ɂ ɷɬɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɦɟɬɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɹɯ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ-
ɞɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɟ, ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɛɟɬɨɧɭ ɢ ɚɪɦɚɬɭɪɟ, ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɯ
ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹɯ ɛɟɬɨɧɚ ɢ ɚɪɦɚɬɭɪɵ, ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚɯ ɷɩɸɪɵ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ.
Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɜ ɲɢɪɨɤɨɦ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɥ ɡɨɧɵ ɫ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɫɨɜɩɚ-
ɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɪɚɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɋɇɢɉ ɢ ȿɄ 2 (ɪɢɫ. 1).
Ɂɚɞɚɱɢ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ, ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɧɚ ɩɟɪɜɨɦ ɷɬɚɩɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɫɜɟɫɬɢɫɶ ɤ ɤɨɪ-
ɪɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɤɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ, ɚ ɧɚ ɜɬɨɪɨɦ ɷɬɚɩɟ – ɤ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɭ ɢ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɯ ɦɨ-
ɞɟɥɟɣ.

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Ɋɢɫ. 1. ɋɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɚɪɦɚɬɭɪɵ ɩɨ ɋɉ 52-101-2003 ɢ ȿɜɪɨɤɨɞɭ 2

ɋɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɛɚɥɤɢ ɧɚ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɣ ɫɢɥɵ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɵ-

ɹɜɢɥ ɡɨɧɵ ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɨɜɩɚɞɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɡɨɧɵ ɡɚɦɟɬɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ (ɪɢɫ. 2).
Ɍɚɤ ɠɟ, ɤɚɤ ɢ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɟɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɷɬɚɩɧɚɹ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ.

Ɋɢɫ. 2. ɋɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɣ ɚɪɦɚɬɭɪɵ ɩɨ ɋɉ 52-101-2003 ɢ ȿɜɪɨɤɨɞɭ 2

ɉɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɜ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɟ ɞɟɫɹɬɢɥɟɬɢɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɢ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɢ

ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɥɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɲɢɪɨɤɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɦɨɧɨɥɢɬɧɵɯ

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ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɧɵɯ ɩɥɢɬ ɢ ɩɥɢɬ ɛɟɡɛɚɥɨɱɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɬɢɣ, ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɹɬ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ

ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɥɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɋɉ ɢ ȿɄ 2. Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɚɛ-
ɥɢɰɟ 1. Ɉɧɢ ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɢɪɭɸɬ ɡɚɦɟɬɧɨɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɦɢ ɢ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɦɢ
ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚɦɢ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɟ ɞɚɠɟ ɛɟɡ ɭɱɟɬɚ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɨɜ. ɂ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɵ
ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɟ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɛɨɥɟɟ «ɫɦɟɥɵɦɢ». ȼ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɡɚɞɚɱɚɯ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɛ-
ɪɚɬɧɚɹ ɤɚɪɬɢɧɚ – ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɵ ɞɚɸɬ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɵɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ.

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 1
ɉɪɨɞɚɜɥɢɜɚɧɢɟ

ɇɨɪɦɚɬɢɜ Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ:

Nɩɪ/ Nmax
ɋɇɢɉ 2.03.01-84* 0,49
ȿɜɪɨɤɨɞ 2 (ɪɟɞ.1991ɝ.) 0, 38
ȿɜɪɨɤɨɞ 2 (ɪɟɞ. 2003 ɝ) 0,41
ɋɉ ɤ ɋɇɢɉ 52-01-2003 0,49 *)

ȼ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɭɬɨɱɧɟɧɢɢ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ.

ɇɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɥɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɜɩɚɞɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɪɚɫ-
ɱɟɬɧɵɯ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜ ɨɱɟɜɢɞɧɚ. ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨ-
ɧɨɜ ɪɚɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ (5-10%) – ɪɚɦɤɢ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ. Ȼɨɥɶ-
ɲɢɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ (ɫ ɢɡɛɵɬɤɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɨɦ) ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɬɪɟ-
ɛɭɸɬ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɢɹ. ȿɝɨ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɬɚɬɶ ɧɟɩɪɟɨɞɨɥɢɦɵɦ ɛɚɪɶɟɪɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ-
ɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ.
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɧɟɞɚɜɧɨ ɩɪɨɲɟɞɲɟɝɨ ɜ ɆȽɋɍ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɚ ɩɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ
ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɚ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɞɟɣ-
ɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɫ ɢɬɚɥɶɹɧɫɤɢɦɢ ɭɱɟɧɵɦɢ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ
ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɠɟɥɟɡɨ-
ɛɟɬɨɧɚ.

Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ

1. Ȼɟɬɨɧɧɵɟ ɢ ɠɟɥɟɡɨɛɟɬɨɧɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɛɟɡ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɚɪɦɚɬɭɪɵ

(ɋɉ 52-101-2003). Ɇ., Ƚɍɉ «ɇɂɂɀȻ», 2005 ɝ. ɫ. 54.
2. Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures – Part 1.1: General rules and rules for buildings
(ENV 1992-1-1). Brussels CEN. 1992, p. 253.
3. Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures – Part 1.1: General rules and rules for buildings.
Brussels CEN. April 2003, p. 225.
4. Ⱥɥɦɚɡɨɜ ȼ. Ɉ. ɉɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɠɟɥɟɡɨɛɟɬɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɩɨ ȿɜɪɨɧɨɪɦɚɦ. Ɇ. ɂɡɞ.
Ⱥɋȼ. 2007 ɝ. ɫ. 215.
5. Ⱥɥɦɚɡɨɜ ȼ. Ɉ. Ƚɚɪɦɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɨɪɦ: ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ. ɀɭɪ-
ɧɚɥ ɉȽɋ ʋ1, 2007 ɝ. ɫɬɪ. 51-54.
6. Ⱥɥɦɚɡɨɜ ȼ. Ɉ. Ɉ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ. ɀɭɪɧɚɥ ȻɋɌ
ʋ6, 2006 ɝ. ɫɬɪ. 26-28.

References

1. Concrete and reinforced concrete constructions without reinforcement pretesting (SP 52-101-
2003). Ɇ, State Unitary Enterprise "NIIGB", 2005 p. 54.

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2. Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures – Part 1.1: General rules and rules for buildings
(ENV 1992-1-1). Brussels CEN. 1992, p. 253.
3. Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures – Part 1.1: General rules and rules for buildings.
Brussels CEN. April 2003, p. 225.
4. Almazov V.O. Design of reinforced concrete structures on Euro standards. M. Izd. Ⱥɋȼ. 2007
with. 215.
5. Almazov V.O. Harmonization of building size standards: necessity and possibilities. Magazine
PGS ʋ1, 2007. p. 51-54.
6. Almazov V.O. About harmonization of the Russian and international standards. Magazine
BST ʋ6, 2006. p. 26-28.

Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ: ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ, ɛɟɬɨɧ, ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ, ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ, ɚɪɦɚɬɭɪɚ, ɧɨɪɦɵ,

ɦɨɦɟɧɬɵ, ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɚɹ ɫɢɥɚ, ɩɪɨɞɚɜɥɢɜɚɧɢɟ.

Keywords: harmonization, concrete, structures, results of analyzes, reinforcement, standards, mo-

ments, shear, punching.

E-mail ɚɜɬɨɪɚ: v_almazov33@mail.ru

Ɋɟɰɟɧɡɟɧɬ: Ɇɭɥɹɪ ȼ.Ʌ., ɤ.ɬ.ɧ., ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɨɪ ɄȻ ɋɩɟɰɩɪɨɟɤɬ

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