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The final preliminary step is to find the new upper and lower limits.
@ and @
Ô which reduces to
integrand (and remembering to establish new upper and lower limits accordingly), we
get
481.
.
15.
We need to evaluate:
Until mentioned, let's ignore the limits right now (let us just deal with the indefinite
integral).
Step 1
Since the degree of the numerator is equal to that of the denominator, we 6 perform
polynomial division first.
Step 2
For remaining integral, we need to use the method of partial fractions.
2) Now, we need to add our letters. Note that the amount of letters we need is directly
proportional to the degree of the denominator.
Note that it doesn't matter which order you put the letters: as long as you are consistent,
you will get the right answer.
To illiminate any room for error, let's recognize that our equation can be written as:
Setting the coefficients of right side of equation equal to that of the left side, we can
write 3 equations:
From equation 3,
Then, from equation 2,
From equation 1,
so,
Step 3
We can now separate the integral into 3 separate integrals:
Integrating the 2nd integral by the power rule and the 1st and 3rd by the natural log
formula:
=
*Notice that I didn't add the arbitrary constant because we have limits.
Step 4
Applying our limits:
2 .
35.
Partial fractions
Therefore,
Substitute,
45.
47.
þ
integration by parts
s = arctan(u), ds = 1/(1+u2 )du
dt = udu, t = u 2/2
so,
Use u-substitution,
= =
u= A(u+1)+Bu
=
'
___________________________________________
=
________________________________________
U-substitution
Then
=
__________________________________________
Integration By Parts
Then =
_________________________________________
Again integration By Parts
Then =
___________________________ ______________
Integrate Right Term, we have
= +C
_________________________________________
= +C
_________________________________________
Simplify
4 3.
7.
use the table
u=ʌx
.
17.
21.
2 .
505.
3.
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13 no esta
515
1.
3.
11.
25.