Bioclimatic Buildings

[ Roberto Lamberts
Federal University of Santa Catarina
Laboratório de Eficiência Energética em Edificações
]
www.labeee.ufsc.br
 Summary

• World construction industry

• Un-Sustainable vs. Sustainable development
• Sustainable construction
• Construction in Brazil
• Bioclimatic architecture
• Residencial sector
• Commercial sector

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 World Construction

• The construction is one of the most important economic

sectors in the world.

• U$ 3 trillions are expended annually in the world, represent

1/10 of the global economy (CICA, 2002).

• It constitutes 30% of the businesses in Europe, 22% in the

USA, 21% in Japan, 23% in the developing countries.

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 World Construction

• Buildings consume about 40% of the

world energy, 16% of the drinking
water, 25% of the forests woods.
(UNCHS 1993)
• They are responsible for 50% of the
CO2 emissions. (Petrocian, 2001)
• They consume 30-40% of the
countries total energy demand.

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 World Energy Consumption
Primary energy consumption
2500

USA

2000

24% USA

Canada
1500 Brazil

Germany
Mtep

Sweden

1000 United Kingdom

China
Australia

China

Japan Japan
500
Germany

Brazil

0
1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

In Brasil 44.1% of the IEO has origin in renewable sources:

hydroelectric generation and biomass
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 Un-sustainable development

• Exhaustion of the natural

resources
• Greenhouse effect
• Serious economic results
• Increase in the frequency and
violence of hurricanes and
tropical storms
• Increase of the sea level
• Displacement of population

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 Sustainable development

• Ecologically correct
• Socially fair
• Economically viable

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Sustainable constructions
Beddington Zero Energy Development. 2001. England

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 Sustainable constructions

• Use of recycled and renewable materials

• Use of materials that incorporate low energy
• LCA concept for the materials
• Use of certified wood
• Water use reduction trough rainwater collection and reuse
• Project for low maintenance
• Recycling of materials
• Reduction of pollutants
• Preservation of the environment
• Use of green roof
• Access to public transportation
• Energy efficiency
• Bioclimatic architecture

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 Construction in Brazil

• In Brazil the construction sector presents problems in part for

the lack of regulations and guidelines focoused in economy of
natural resources and better performance of the buildings.
• More sustainable/bioclimatic architecture is needed and more
regulations
• But the context is changing….

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Electrical energy consumption in buildings in Brazil

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 Energy Efficiency Law

• 17/10/2001 – Law nº 10.295

• National policy of Conservation and Rational Use of Energy -
all the equipment and constructions will have to respect
minimum levels of efficiency

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 Energy Efficiency in buildings

• Bioclimatic architecture
• Use of renewable energy
• Energy efficiency equipments

It’s cheaper TO SAVE energy than TO SUPPLY it !!!!

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 Bioclimatic architecture

• Bioclimatic architecture relates the study of the climate

applied to architecture, searching with this to improve the
conditions of thermal comfort of the ocupants, through the
use of appropriate project strategies considering the climatic
differences for each place.

CLIMATE + MAN + HABITAT

ƒ Building Thermal performance

ƒ Thermal comfort
ƒ Heating and passive solar cooling
ƒ Daylight
ƒ Natural ventilation
ƒ Adequate shading
ƒ Brazilian bioclimatic zoning – NBR 15220-3

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Bioclimatic architecture

Climatic data

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 Bioclimatic architecture

Project strategies Materials properties

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Residencial sector

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 Final use of energy for the residential sector

Lâmpadas
1990 incandescentes
12% consumo
100% saturação
Ar condicionado
7% consumo
Chuveiro 6% saturação
23% consumo
70% saturação

Televisão
Geladeira 3% consumo
33% con. 35% saturação
75% sat.

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Brazilian Standard
Thermal Performance of low income houses and brazilian bioclimatic
zoning - NBR 15220-3

• INFORMATION FOR
EACH ZONE:
• Project strategies for
summer and winter
• Openings for
ventilation (%)
• Openings shading
• Thermal performance
of the materials

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Sustainable house
Efficient House – Florianópolis, 2006

ELETROSUL
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Sustainable house
Efficient House – Florianópolis, 2006

• Project developed with

systems and solutions for
the maximum energy
efficiency and thermal
comfort integrated to the
architectural project.

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Sustainable house
Efficient House – Florianópolis, 2006

• Implemented technologies:

• Bioclimatic adaptation
• Fotovoltaic energy
• Passive strategies of air conditioning
• Solar water heating.

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Sustainable house
Efficient House – Florianópolis, 2006

• Strategies:
• Solar orientation
• Crossed ventilation.
• Solar shading
• Use of local materials with less
environmental impact.
• Double glass for windows with
blinds

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Sustainable house
Efficient House – Florianópolis, 2006

• Rescue of solutions of the

vernacular architecture: use of
the wood stove, heating the
interior of the house in winter.
• Concentration of the wet area
on the west side.
• Treatment of effluents
• Use of solar water heating.
• Accesibilility for people with
special needs.

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Commercial sector

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 Electrical Energy end use in offices

Shoppings Centers
1990 Escritórios
IL = 50 % Bancos
Restaurante
IL = 20 % IL = 49 %
AC = 34 % IL = 52 % AC = 7 % AC = 34 %
Lojas do varejo AC = 34 %
IL = 76 %
AC = 12 % Média
Médiadodosetor:
setor:
IL
IL = 44%%
= 44
AC
AC==20
20%%
Oficinas Eq
Eq==36%
36%
IL = 56 %
AC = 4 %

Serviços pessoais
Posto de IL = 9 %
gasolina Mercearias AC = 3 %
IL = 43 % IL = 25 %
AC = 2 %

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 Electrical Energy end use in offices

1990

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Variables that influence the energy consumption

Architecture
Lighting
Equipments
Ocupation
Infiltration/
Ventilation

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Architectural
Shading

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 Lighting
Daylight integration

T5 - 28W
2.900 lm

Example: 103,6 lm/W

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Internal load: Equipments
Energy Saver

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 Regulation for a label of energy efficiency level for commercial and
public buildings
Aproved in september 2006 Regulations and Certification
INMETRO
Edifício

• 1. Terminology
• 2. Introduction
• 3. Lighting system
• 4. Conditioning system of air
• 5. Building envelope
• 6. Simulation

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Sustainable commercial building
Project Primavera Green Office – Florianópolis

• Strategies:
• Energy
efficiency
• Water
efficiency
• Materials and
resources
• Indoor
environmental
quality

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Primavera Green Office
Strategies

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 Energy efficiency in buildings

• Efficient building envelope-

bioclimatic
• Efficient equipment
• Efficient User

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Sustainability?

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We have to change......

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