At the end of this session, you will be able to:

o Identify the basic peripherals needed to start up a computer

system
o Connect the basic peripherals to a computer system unit
o Start up the computer system
 Welcome to the session on Connecting Basic Peripheral Devices. This
session will teach you how to connect basic peripheral devices and
start up a computer system.
 This is the system unit. It is the main part of the computer system
and houses the Central Processing Unit (CPU), motherboard, memory,
storage devices, expansion cards and the power supply.

Computer peripherals are devices that are attached to a computer. These

devices are not part of the system unit, but are important since they provide
the input and output functions in order for the users to perform their tasks.

The basic peripherals that you will need to start-up the computer are:

 Monitor
 Keyboard
 Mouse
 A computer monitor or display screen is an output device that
enables the user to view text, graphics and videos.

A keyboard is an input device that allows the user to enter instructions and
information into a computer.

A mouse is an input device that controls the movement of the cursor or pointer
and enables the user to move and select items that are displayed on the monitor.
 Computer Hardware Servicing
Installing an Operating System

At the end of this session, you will be able to:

o Configure boot options in the BIOS

o Install an operating system on a computer

Welcome to the session on Installing an Operating System. This session will teach
you how to set up the BIOS boot-up options and install the Windows operating
system.

WHAT IS AN OPERATING SYSTEM

An operating system or “OS” is a program that is loaded after the

computer starts-up and manages all operations and applications in a
computer. The most popular operating system is Microsoft’s Windows.

Other examples of operating systems are:

 Apple’s Mac OS X

 Redhat Linux, and other open source distributions of Linux

Why do we need to install an Operating System?

Without an operating system a computer is just a metal casing with

components inside it. The operating system acts as an interface between the
user and the computer, translating the user inputs into machine instructions
and, thus letting the computer perform the desired task.

Installing Windows XP

In this session you are going to install Microsoft’s Windows XP.

What you will need:

 Computer system with at least 1GB memory and a 500GB hard disk
drive
 Windows XP installation CD
 Windows XP license key
 System manual that comes with your computer
Why do we
need to set
the computer
to boot from
the CD-ROM
drive?

Normally a
computer
system boots
from the hard
drive. From
here, the
computer loads
the operating
system that is
installed on the
computer
system.

Since we are
installing a
new operating
system on
the computer,
and our
installation
files are stored
in a CD-ROM,
we need to
set the
computer to
boot from the
CD-ROM drive
instead. This is
done in the
BIOS setup.

Procedure:

1. Turn on
the
computer
.
 2. Press
the Dele
te key
while the
computer
is
starting
up to
enter the
BIOS
setup.
This will
work on
most
computer
systems.

Note: Other
computers
have function
keys to access
the BIOS
setup. You
may need to
consult your
user’s manual
on how to
access the
BIOS setup
screen.
 3. In the
BIOS
setup
screen,
look for
the Boot
Options
Menu.
This is
usually
found at
the top of
the
screen. In
some
computer
s it is
found in
the
Advance
menu.
4. Select the
CD-ROM
Drive as
the first
boot
device.
5. Go to the
Exit
menu and
select
Save
and Exit
to save
your
configurat
ion.

Note: You may

need to consult
the User's
Manual on how
to set the CD-
ROM Drive as
first boot
device.

Computer Hardware Servicing

Installing an Operating System
Step 2: Partitioning the hard drive

What is disk
partitioning?

Disk
partitioning is
simply dividing
your hard drive
into multiple
volumes known
as logical drives.

As an example, if
you have a 500
GB hard drive,
you can divide
the hard drive
into two volumes,
each with 250GB
(e.g. 250 GB
drive C: and 250
GB drive D:). By
doing this, you
can install the
operating system
and applications
in one volume
and your data
and documents in
another volume.

In case
the operating
system gets
corrupted and
needs to be re-
installed, you can
do so without
losing documents
and other data
since these
are stored
in another partiti
on.

Procedure:

1. Insert the
Windows
XP
Installation
CD in the
CD-ROM
drive and
restart the
computer.
2. When
prompted
as the
computer
reboots, pr
ess any
key to start
the
installation.
3. After the
installer
completes
copying all
necessary
files to
install
 Windows
XP, you will
be taken to
the
welcome
setup
screen. To
install a
fresh copy
of Windows
XP, press
the Enter
key.
4. Read the
Windows
XP License
Agreement,
then press
F8 to agree
with the
terms and
conditions
and
proceed
with the
installation.

Deleting a
partition

5. To delete a
partition.
Select the
drive then
press D,
and then
press
Enter, and
finally press
the L key.
Creating a
partition

6. When the
partition
with a
previously
installed
operating
system has
been
deleted,a
new
partition
can now be
created on
the hard
disk. Press
C key on
the
keyboard to
create a
new
partition.
In this example
you will use 60
GB as the
partition size .
Enter 60000 MB
as the partition
size and press
ENTER.

7. After
creating the
partition,
you will be
brought
back to the
hard disk
partition
screen.
Select the
partition
that you
have
created
then press
ENTER.

Computer Hardware Servicing

Installing an Operating System
Step 3: Formatting the hard drive

Why do we
need to
format the
hard drive?

Formatting the
hard drive is a
process that
prepares the
hard drive for
writing and
reading data.
The process
involves
erasing all
data stored on
the hard drive.
It also tests
the disk for
errors and
corrects them
if any are
found.

When
formatting the
hard drive, we
need to
specify a file
system. In
Windows XP,
we can select
either the
FAT32 or
NTFS.

Procedure:

1. Select
“Format
the
partition
using
the NTFS
file
system”
option
and
press
ENTER
 to
continue
.
2. After the
drive is
formatte
d, the
installer
will copy
the
installati
on files
to your
hard
disk.
Once all
the
operatio
ns are
complete
d, the
compute
r will
restart.

Note: Do not
remove the
Windows XP
installation CD
from the CD-
ROM Drive
while the
computer is
restarting.

3. After the
compute
r
reboots,
it will
automati
cally
start the
 Windows
installer.
You may
proceed
to the
next
step.

Computer Hardware Servicing

Installing an Operating System
Step 4: Setting up the Windows environment

Setting the
Windows
environment
lets you localize
the version of
Windows you
are installing.
For example, if
you want to
display text in
Chinese, you
can set this in
the Regional
and Language
Options.

Procedure:

1. When
Windows
XP starts
for the
first time
it will
scan for
 any new
hardware
and will
install the
needed
drivers of
the
supported
devices,
this may
take
several
minutes
to
complete.

2. The
Regional
and
Language
Options s
creen will
appear.
Click the
Next
button to
accept
the
default
setting
and
continue.
 3. On the
Personal
ize Your
Software
screen,
enter
your
name and
organizati
on. Then
click
the Next
button to
continue.

Example:
Enter “Juan
Dela Cruz” as
your name and
“Computer
Corporation” in
the organization
text box.
 4. Next,
enter
your
Windows
XP
Product
Key that
comes
with your
Installatio
n CD. The
product
key is 25
character
s long
and is
unique for
every
installatio
n CD.
Once you
have
entered
the
product
key, click
the Next
button to
continue.

Computer Hardware Servicing

Installing an Operating System
Step 5: Setting up the computer name and administrator account

The Computer
name is used to
identify your
computer in a
network. This
name should be
unique for each
computer.

The
Administrator
is a super user
account that
has no
restrictions.
This account
may be used to
set
configuration
options (e.g.
network
settings, install
software and
perform other
administrative
tasks).

Procedure:

1. On the
Compute
r Name
and
Administ
rator
Passwor
d screen,
enter your
desired
computer
name and
password.
Click on
the Next
button to
continue.

Example: Enter
“MyComputer”
in the
 Computer
name text box
and enter
“P4w@rd” in the
Administrator
password text
box.

Computer Hardware Servicing

Installing an Operating System
Step 6: Setting up the date and time

Set the
correct date
and time.
This is
important
especially
when
downloading
updates and
security
patches.

Procedure:

1. On the
Date
and
Time
settings
, enter
the
correct
date
and
time.
2. Select
your
time
 zone
then
click on
the
Next
button
to
continu
e.

Computer Hardware Servicing

Installing an Operating System
Step 7: Setting up the network

Setting up the
network
connects your
computer to the
internet and/or
to your local
area network.
By doing this,
you will be able
to access
shared network
resources such
as files,
applications
and devices.

Procedure:

1. Windows
XP will
now
detect
network
connectio
ns. If the
 network
card in
the
computer
is
supported
by
Windows
XP. It will
install the
drivers
for you.
Once
finished,
select
Typical
Setting
and click
the Next
button to
continue.

2. On the
Workgro
up or
Compute
r
Domain
screen,
enter
your
desired
workgrou
p name
or leave it
as it is
and click
the Next
button to
continue.
 3. After
setting
the
workgrou
p, the
installer
will
finalize all
settings
and
restart
the
computer
. When
the
computer
reboots
you may
now
remove
the
Windows
XP
installatio
n CD
from the
CD-ROM
Drive.

Computer Hardware Servicing

Installing an Operating System
Step 8: Setting up the display
Procedure:

1. After
the
compute
r
reboots
and
loads
into
Window
s, a
display
setting
dialog
box will
appear.
Click Ok
to let
Window
s XP
adjust
your
screen
resolutio
n.
Window
s will
automat
ically
detect
the best
resolutio
n for
your
monitor;
this will
make
sure
that the
text will
be
 readable
.

2. On the
Welco
me to
Microso
ft
Windo
ws
screen,
click
Next to
continue
.

Computer Hardware Servicing

Installing an Operating System
Step 9: Registering Windows XP
By registering
your copy of
Windows you
will have access
to Windows
updates and
security
patches. This
will be
downloaded to
and installed on
your computer
automatically.

Procedure:

1. Windows
will now
check for
your
internet
connectivi
ty, click
the Skip
button to
continue.
 2. At this
time, we
will not
be
registerin
g
Windows,
so on the
registratio
n
screen, cli
ck on the
"No, not
at this
time
option"
and click
on
the Skip
button to
continue.

Computer Hardware Servicing

Installing an Operating System
Step 10: Creating log-in credentials
Creating log-in
credentials is
useful when
the computer
is to be used
by multiple
users.
Windows will
create
document
folders that
are only
accessible
to specific
user.

For this task,

you will be
creating one
(1) user
credential.

Procedure:

1. On the
"Who will
use this
compute
r?"
screen,
enter
your
desired
user
name
and click
on the
Next
button.
This
credentia
l will be
used
 every
time you
log-in to
your
compute
r.

Example:
Enter “User”
on the “your
name” text
box.

2. You are
almost
finished
with
installati
on and
configura
tion of
windows
XP, click
on the
Finish
button to
proceed
to the
desktop.
 Congratulation
s! You have
installed
Windows XP on
your
computer.

Computer Hardware Servicing

Installing an Operating System
Summary

A. An Operating system is important for a computer system as it acts as

an interface between the user and the computer. Without it a computer
will not be able to perform tasks.

B. There are ten (10) essential steps you need to remember when
installing a Windows Operating System, these are:

1. Setting up the boot option

2. Partitioning the hard drive
3. Formatting the hard drive
4. Setting up the Windows environment
5. Setting up the computer name and administrator account
6. Setting up the date and time
7. Setting up the network
8. Setting up the display
9. Registering Windows XP
10. Creating log-in credentials