Jeevan Gatha Maharani Jinda - Dr. Harbhajan Singh Sekhon

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pihlI vwr CpI
2017
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lyKk fw. hrBjn isMG syKoN

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ijlHw luiDAwxw - 141102
e-mail : sekhonhsd@yahoo.com
Pon ; 9463377009 (Bwrq)
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Dr Harbhajan Singh Sekhon
126-32-60 Ave
Surrey B.C. Canda
V3X2L1
Phone 001-778-218-1432
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kwlj rof, dwKw dI sMgq v`loN
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PuAwiel pirMtRz
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+91-161-2404979, 2404093
email : foilludhiana@gmail.com
www : foilprintersludhiana.com
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BUimkw x - xiv
1 mu`Flw jIvn 1
2 ijMdW ny is`K rwj nUM bcwaux leI GwlI Gwlxw 12
3 rwxI ijMdW nUM kYdI bxw ky dyS-inkwLw dyxw 40
4 mhwrwjw dlIp isMG nUM dyS inkwlw dyxw 63
5 mhwrwxI dw nypwl qoN ieMglYNf phuMcxw 83
6 dlIp isMG ny mW-ijMdW dI nsIhq 'qy Pu`l cVHwauxy 102
7 swrMS 114
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sMswr dw bhuqy dySW dw ipCokV AnuSwsn hIxqw dI jhwlq
iv`c hI irhw hY[ 'ijs kI lwTI aus kI BYNs' ho jWdI rhI[ iesy kr
ky smyN smyN ivdroh au~Ty, bgwvqW hoeIAW pr h`k-byhk` hI hudM w irhw[
ieho hwlwq ihMdsu qwn dy keI sUibAW ny hMFwey pr bhuqI kropI pMjwb
'qy rhI[ zr, zorU Aqy zmIn leI lhU dIAW ndIAW vgIAW[ DrmW
^wqr, AxKW ^wqr, QuVHW ^wqr bVy aujwVy hoe[ y hmly 'qy hmlw hudM w
irhw qy zwlm 17 hmly kr ky vI BùKw hI irhw[ Dn lùt,y dOlqW
lùtIAW, by-ksUr AOrqW dIAW AzmqW ilqwVIAW jWdIAW rhIAW[
hkIkq bol au~TI 'KwDw pIqw lwhy dw bwkI Aihmd Swhy dw'[ iehnW
vyly ijhVI ksr rih geI auh muhm M d gOrI ny Aw k`FI[
pMjwbIAW ny ienHW BYVy hwlwqW nUM hMFw ky vI hOsly nhIN hwry[
simAW dy sMGrSW iv`coN Syr-ey-pMjwb mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dw rwj
sQwpq hoieAw Aqy lgwqwr pOxy ATqwlI swl hlImI , moh, siqkwr,
ipAwr, syvw, pRgqI, pswr qy SWqI dw hulwrw idMdw irhw[ ies
ivSwl is`K rwj dy cOhIN pwsIN AMgRyzI rwj sQwpq ho cu`kw sI pr
pMjwb iv`c vVn leI aunHW dw idl huMgwrw nhIN sI idMdw qy pYr
iQVkdy sn BwvyN mn iv`c lwlc bhuq sI[ Syr-ey-pMjwb dy A`KW
mItx dI dyr sI, gory dy Bwg jwg pey[ mhwrwjw dIAW nzrW iv`c
bhuq hI vDIAw jwxy jWdy fogirAW jW gdwrW nwl goirAW ny AYsI
A`K imlweI Aqy suAwrQI soc nUM mu`K r`K is`K rwj dy pqn leI hr
hIlw-vsIlw vriqAw Aqy audoN q`k bycYn rhy ijMnw icr pMjwb 'qy auh
kwbj nw hoey[ iesy hI ieiqhwsk ik`sy nUM fwktr hrBjn isMG syKoN
jI ny 'jIvn gwQw mhwrwxI ijMdW (ijMd kOr)' dy isrlyK hyT bVy hI
sMKyp Aqy suc`jy FMg nwl pyS kIqw hY[ kOm dy isrl`Q isMGW isMGxIAW
ny bVy Xu`D lVy pr hr bwr ies ip`Cy fogirAW dI koeI nw koeI koJI
cwl Awx idsI[ ^wlsw rwj nUM ^qm krn leI AMgryz ny mhwrwjw
dlIp isMG nUM CotI aumr dw bhwnw bxw ky rwj g`dI 'qy nw itkx
id`qw Aqy 1849 qoN bwAd ies is`K rwj dw JMfw muV nw Ju`l sikAw[
ies Ku`sy rwj dI pRwpqI leI AxKIlI ijMdW ny AwKrI dm q`k
(i)
sMGrS jwrI rìKAw pr gorI srkwr ny AinAW dI q`kVI PV ky aus
dI pyS nw jwx id`qI[ ies smìsAw nUM pMjwb dy muShUr kvI jsvMq
isMG AsmwnI ieM\ pyS krdy hn:
ic`tI cwdr ieKlwk dI hwkmW ny, DoqI du`D nwl lIro lIr kIqI[
bVy mIsxy keI SrI& bIby, kwlI soc dI pwr lkIr kIqI[
Gply, iBRSt qy cor-bjwrIAW dI, Awmd GrW nUM bhuq AmIr kIqI[
lok-syvw nUM C`f pey dOlqW nUM, mwlw mwl sI in`jI qkdIr kIqI[
Fofr kW kbIlVy pwldy rhy, ijMdW nwl ikMj auhdI qkdIr kIqI[
ilKwrI ny ies duKWq nUM s`q kWfW iv`c ibAwinAW hY[ pihly
kWf iv`c rwxI ijMdW dy smu`cy jIvn nUM icqirAw hY[ ijMdW nUM sUrq qy
sIrq dw suml y , TMFy qy au~cy idmwg dI milkw, dlyrI Aqy sihxSIlqw
dw muj`smW, gUVH isAwsqdwn, CYl-CbIlI qy smyN nwl t`kr lYx
vwlI AxKIlI SyrnI drswieAw hY[ aus nwl gorI srkwr ny hr
D`kw kIqw pr aus dI sKSI dihSq ny srkwr dIAW nIdW sUlI 'qy
tMgI r`KIAW[ jykr aus nUM pMjwb iv`c vsdI rihx id`qw jWdw qW muV
ky is`K rwj dw sUrj bhuq jld cVH pYxw sI, iesy froN goirAW ny aus
nUM pMjwb qoN sdw dUr rìKAw[ mW-pu`q nUM bVw ^`jl-KuAwr kIqw:
mihlW 'coN k`F ky qy , jMglI rol id`qy do hIry[
rwxI qoN mMgqI bxw, nI qUM kI kIqw qkdIry[
dUjy kWf iv`c is`K rwj dI ivSwlqw, ivkws-SIlqw, sUrbIrqw

qy gqIb`Dqw pyS kIqI hY[ &Oj nUM nvInqw dyx leI ihMdU, muslmwn
qy is`K &OjIAW qoN ibnw ieqwlvI, PrWsIsI, jrmn, rUsI, AmrIkn,
spYinS, purqgwlI Aqy AMgryz kùl 72 A&sr BrqI kIqy[ mhwrwjw
rxjIq isMG rwj-g`dI 'qy nhIN sgoN Awm kursI qy bYT dy, lokW iv`c
ivcrdy, Bys bdlw hwlwqW dI GoK krdy, jMqw dy kUkr bx ky pyS
AwauNdy, hlymI rwj dw Pu`l iKVwauNdy rwj nUM bulMdIAW 'qy phuMcweI
iPrdy sI[ Acwnk mOq dy bwj ny Jpt Aw mwrI, jy svws hor swQ
idMdy qW ieh rwj smu`cy eySIAw dy Bwg jgw idMdw[ mhwrwjy dy Akwl
clwxy qoN ie`k dm bwAd fogry gdwrW dIAW gdwrIAW rMg lY AweIAW[
svwrQI socW ny rwj dIAW cwbIAW Awpxy h`QIN jw PVweIAW jo
(ii)
pMjwbI sUrimAW dIAW rUhW nUM bVw icr qVPwauNdIAW rhIAW[ ienHW
gdwrW ny pMjwb 'qy gory dw rwj kwiem krwieAw, mhwrwxI ijMdW 'qy
aus dy A`K dy qwry dlIp isMG nUM pMjwb qoN sdw leI dUr r`K ky pMjwb
Aqy pMjwbIAW dI AxK nUM dwg lwieAw[ prySwnIAW dy ies Awlm
iv`c AxKI XoDy iPr au~Ty, sMgrwm mcwey ie`k pwsy AMgryzW, gdwrW
qy ihMdusqwnI &OjW huMdIAW qy dUjy pwsy qlI 'qy sIs r`KI pMjwbI sUrmy
jUJdy[ ienHW hwlwqW nUM mhwn kvI gurid`q isMG kuMdn AYauN ibAwn
krdy hn:
DuMdlw DuMdlw idsdw mYnUM qyrw cwr cuPyrw,
Awpxy hI ho gey ibgwny nw koeI sjn qyrw,
qyry leI prweIAW hoeIAW Awpxy dyS dIAW jUhW,
vyK vyK ky qV& rhIAW ny is`K rwj dIAW rUhW[
qIjy kWf iv`c gorI srkwr dI by-AsUlI soc dI pySkwrI hY[

AMgryz dw &ls&w qW AOrq nUM mrd qoN au~qy drswauNdw hY pr ie`Qy
ies &ls&y nUM pu`Tw kr ky vriqAw hY[ mhwrwxI dy Brw nUM kql
krwauxw, mhwrwxI nUM kYd kr pMjwb qoN sdw leI qoVI r`Kxw, nbwlg
ieklOqy pu`qr nUM A`KW qoN dUr r`Kxw, b`cy nUM kum`qW iv`c rMgxw,
mhwrwxI nUM jylH 'c f`k qsIhy dyxy, dlIp isMG nUM rwj g`dI 'qy ibTw
ky ausy smyN auTw lYxw, Axjwx puxy iv`c hI dlIp isMG qoN shI pvw
ky g`dI Koh lYxI BwrI kurIqIAW qy kUt nIqIAW hn[ ies leI ilKxw
bxdw hY:
Aihdnwmy 'qy shI pvw jbrI, AMgryz rwj dw JMfw Julw id`qw[
is`K Drm qoN b`cVw qoV ky qy, eIsweIAq Drm dy lV lw id`qw[
vyl iksy pwsy, Pu`l iksy pwsy, inXm kudrq dy iC`ky itkw id`qw[
cOQy kWf 'c mhwrwjw dlIp isMG nUM iqMnW mwvW qoN qoVn dI
vydnw hY[ pMjwb dI DrmI mW, ijMdW mW Aqy pMjwbI bolI mW qoN qoV
dyx dw AnrQ hY[ fwktr lwgn mhwrwjw dlIp isMG dw bwfIgwrf
inXukq kIqw jo hr vkq aus 'qy gUVHI nzr rKdw hoieAw sdw
kucwlw cldw irhw[ aus ny mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dy qoSyKwny dI
qlwSI leI, aus 'coN sMswr dw kImqI hIrw kohynUr flhOzI hvwly
(iii)
kIqw, AnykW jvwhrwq kwbU kIqy, dlIp nUM pMjwbI qy &wrsI BwSw qoN
qoV AMgryzI bolI nwl joiVAw, dlIp dI soc is`KW dy ault kIqI[
pMjwb qoN au~qr prdyS (XU. pI.) jw vswieAw qy au~c ivìdAw pRwpq
nw krn id`qI[ ies leI kihxw bxdw hY:
hMJU cwr jy kyrnw cwhy koeI, qyrI cMd vrgI iksmq sVI au~qy[
auhnUM hwl dlIp dw d`s dyeIN, kr ky KVHw rxjIq dI mVHI au~qy[
pMjvyN kWf iv`c rwxI ijMdW dy bury qoN bury idnW dI dwsqW hY[
s`c nUM PWsI cwVHnw, ibnw kwrn jylHIN f`kxw, srIrk qy mwnisk
qsIhy dyxy, ie`klOqy pu`qr qoN v`K r`Kxw, dlIp dy mn iv`c mW dy ivCoVy
dw vYrwg pYdw hoxw, qyrW swlW bwAd mW nUM imlx dyxw, ro ro ky ijMdW
dw AMnHI hoxw, pu`qr dI Drm qbdIlI dw s`lH, dlIp nUM isMG sjx
dw sMdyS, rwj Bwg Ku`s jwx dw s`lH, pMjwb iv`c vsx dI KwhS,
srkwr v`loN mnjUrI nw imlxI, klk`qy kuJ is`K sYnkW nUM dUroN hI iml
skxw, mhwrwxI dI mOq Aqy ADUrIAW s`DrW dw vYrwgmeI prvwh
hY[ kwiv sqrW iv`c swrw pRsMg ieM\ hY :
hwey! iCVy Jrnwht, m`cy kwljy 'c lwt,
qy ijgr igAw pwt, tu`kdI AY bu`lHIAW[
suGV isAwxI mhwrwxI, bxw qI mMgqI,
mMgdI iPry p`qxw qy jw gu`lIAW!
CyvW kWf is`K rwj dy pqn dI vYrwgmeI gwQw hY[ dlIp isMG
juAwnI dI pRoV AvsQw iv`c hY, hux aus nUM gory dIAW cwlW, aus nwl
hoeIAW vDIkIAW qy Biv`K dy ^qirAW dI soJI ho geI hY[ guAwc cu`ky
rwj Bwg, guAwc cùky jIvn, Drm Aqy iqMnW mwvW dI g`l hY[ hux aus
nUM gurbwxI iv`coN rs dw AwnMd imlx lg ipAw hY, sRI hirmMdr
swihb dy drSn dIdwirAW dI qWG hY, pMjwb vsx nUM jI krdw hY,
mwqw dIAW nsIhqW dI pUrqI sqwauNdI hY pr srkwr iezwzq nhIN
idMdI[ pMjwbIAW dy nwm moh siqkwr nwl BirAw ^q ilKxw,
A^bwrW iv`c Cpwauxw, AMimRq Ckx dI lwlsw dI pUrqI, mwqw dw
sskwr bMby iv`c krnw, bytI vloN 60 swl bwAd mhwrwjw rxjIq
isMG dI smwD kol ijMdW dI smwD bnwauxI bVI hI nsIhqI, Bwvuk
qy iekrwrW BrI gwQw hY[
(iv)
s`qvyN kWf iv`c mhwrwxI ijMdW dI bhup`KI sKSIAq dw vrnx
hY[ aus dI sUrq qy sIrq dw muj`smw, dUr-AMdySI, suGV AnuSwsk,
sihnxSIlqw dw smuMdr, suihrd pqnI, sMpUrn mwqw, ArSW qoN
&rSW 'qy if`gI, byksUrI, Akih qy Asih du`KVy J`lx vwlI, JUTIAW-
mu`TIAW qohmqW iv`c Eq poq qy mhwn AOrq dI Jlk BrI vwrqw hY[
fwktr syKoN jI dI ieh dsvIN pusqk hY[ aunHW dIAW ivìdAk
ifgrIAW Aqy KojW qW ivigAwnk hn pr pMjwbI swihq nwl aunHW nUM
bcpn qoN hI moh hY[ iesy moh 'qy hI ie`k cotI dy Alock dy qOr 'qy
aunHW mihsUs kIqw ik pMjwbI swihq iv`c keI AxgOly ivSy pey hn[
Awp jI dI ies KojI soc ny Bu`ly ivsry nvyN ivSy l`B ky aunHW nUM ivSw
bxw pMjwbI swihq dI v`fmulI syvw kIqI hY[
pusqk dw ivSw AOrq jwqI nwl hoeIAW v`DIkIAW pyS krdw
hY Aqy goirAW qy fogirAW dI kmIngI drswauNdw hY[ ivSy dw inBwA
rOick Aqy nwtkI hY[ bolI muhwvrydwr hY qy mlveI rMg rKdI hY[
ieh pusqk hr p`KoN ie`k vfmu`lw kwrz hY[
s`cy r`b A`gy Ardws hY ik fwktr swihb qMdrusq rihx qy
eydW hI mW bolI Aqy swihq dI syvw krdy rihx[
DMnvwid sihq[
imqI 16-11-2016 surjIq isMG

muKI pMjwbI ivBwg (swbkw)
gurU nwnk nySnl kwlj
nkodr (jlMDr)
(v)
prvyiSkw
dunIAW iv`c jdoN qoN ienswn ny soJI pRwpq kIqI hY audoN dw hI
dunIAW dy hr ih`sy iv`c Awpo Awpxy kbIilAW iv`c rihMdw ieh
pRP`lq hoieAw hY[ kbIilAW qoN hI kOmW hoNd iv`c AweIAW[ Awpxy
iK`qy dI rwKI Aqy srdwrI kwiem r`Kx leI kOmW iv`c jMg-Xu`D vI
huMdy rhy[ qkVIAW kOmW mwVIAW kOmW nUM ^qm krn dw Xqn krdIAW
rhIAW Aqy Awpxy ADIn kr ky gulwm vI bxwauNdIAW rhIAW[ ieh
islslw A`j vI jwrI hY[
hr ijauNdI kOm dw Awpo Awpxw ieiqhws hY[ ieh ieiqhws
sUrbIr Aqy XoDy bxwauNdy hn Aqy klmW vwly bu`DIjIvI ilKdy hn[
is`K kOm vI dunIAW AMdr jwxI-pCwxI bVI bhwdr kOm hY[ ies nUM
vI AwpxI hoNd kwiem r`Kx leI smyN smyN Gor sMGrS krnw ipAw
hY[ hor kOmW dy vWg ies iv`c vI bySumwr kOm-Bgq, XoDy Aqy isdkI
sUrmy pYdw hoey hn[ ies dy nwl-nwl gdwrW dI vI kmI nhIN hY[ XoDy
Aqy sUrbIr ies nUM Awzwd krwauNdy rhy Aqy gdwr gulwmI v`l D`kdy
rhy[
1675 eIsvI iv`c BweI jYqw jI id`lI qoN nOvyN gurU qyg bhwdr
jI dw sIs lY ky AwnMdpur swihb phuMcy[ nO swl dI aumr dy bwl gurU
goibMd rwey jI ny ieh isqm Aqy AOrMgzyb bwdSwh dw jbr A`KIN
vyiKAw Aqy ies zulm nUM sdw leI ^qm krn dI Twx leI[ is`K
kOm nUM isMG sjw ky twkry leI iqAwr kIqw[ 33 swl aunHW jrvwxy
ivru`D sMGrS jwrI rìKAw[
iPr 8 swl (1708 qoN 1716 q`k) bwbw bMdw isMG bhwdr ny
jwlm soDy[ ies auprMq isMGW ny AwpxI Awzwd hsqI kwiem r`Kx
leI bVy du`KVy shwry Aqy jwnW vwrIAW[ gdwrW ny keI vwr ies
AwzwdI nUM ip`Cy pwieAw[ AwKIr 1799 nUM Sukrc`kIAw imsl dy
srdwr nOjvwn rxjIq isMG ny lwhOr au~qy kbjw kr ky is`K rwj
sQwpq kIqw[ rwjy qoN mhwrwjw bixAw[ swrIAW kOmW dy lokW nUM
srv sWJw rwj id`qw jo qlvwr dy jor 'qy lg Bg 46 swl cldw
(vi)
irhw[ drw KYbr dy rwh AwauNdy DwVvIAW nUM rok pw ky ihMdusqwn dI
rwKI kIqI[ srdwr hrI isMG nlUAy vrgy srdwr Aqy jrnYl nUM A`j
vI sMswr mMndw Aqy Xwd krdw hY[
1839 eIsvI iv`c mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI mOq smyN aus dI
sB qoN CotI mhwrwxI ijMdW (ijMd kOr) dI aumr koeI 21-22 swl dI
sI[ aus dy pu`qr dlIp isMG dI aumr nO ku mhIny dI sI[ aus dw
jyTw pu`qr KVk isMG mhwrwjw bixAw[ ies smyN nUM id`lI bYTy AMgryz
im`qRqw dIAW kIqIAW sMDIAW nUM Kqm kr ky pMjwb 'qy kbjy leI soc
rhy sn[
jIvn gwQw mhwrwxI ijMdW (ijMd kOr), ies pusqk dI inrol
gwQw hY[ fwktr hrBjn isMG syKNo 'dwKw' jI ny BrpUr KolH kr ky aus
nUM klmbMd kIqw hY[ fwktr syKoN jI dI ieh 10 vIN pusqk hY[ ies
qoN pihlW ieh srihMd ivjyqw bwbw bMdw isMG bhwdr, mhwn is`K
jrnYl srdwr hrI isMG nlUAw, ShId BweI mnI isMG Awid 'qy
pusqkW pwTkW dI JolI pw cùky hn[ ienHW pusqkW iv`c ienHW dI klm
ny sUrbIrW Aqy XoiDAW dI gwQw bVI hI KUbsUrqI nwl ibAwn kIqI
hY[ ies pusqk iv`c ienHW mhwrwxI ijMdW dI srdwrI qy gdwrW dI
gdwrI ibAwn kIqI hY[ jd mYN ies pusqk dw KrVw piVHAw Aqy
vwicAw qW mn bVw pRsMn hoieAw[ bVI bybwkI nwl inDVk soc nUM
A`gy r`K ky syKoN swihb ny mhwrwxI ijMdW au~qy lwey gdwrW dy doSW nUM
inMidAw Aqy nkwirAw hY[ ikvyN mhwrwxI ijMdW gdwrW, srdwrW Aqy
AMgryzW A`gy JukI nhIN[ swrI aumr du`KW iv`c guzwrI, kYd k`tI Aqy
nypwl dy rwjy pws rih ky qW k`F leI pr is`K rwj dI bhwlI leI
AMqly swh q`k lVdI rhI[ gdwr fogry BrwvW ny ikvyN iek`lw iek`lw
kr ky rwj dy hr ie`k vwrs nUM ^qm kIqw[ sMDwvwlIAW ny rwjw
iDAwn isMG nUM kql kr ky aus dy KUn dw it`kw pMj swl dy bwlk
dlIp isMG dy m`Qy 'qy lw ky aus nUM mhwrwjw GoSq kIqw[
ieh swrI vwrqw hrBjn isMG jI ny ie`k lVI iv`c bVy rOck
FMg nwl AYsI proeI hY ik sB kuJ A`KIN idKw id`qw hY[ ies rcnw
nUM pVH ky pwTk zrUr kIly jwxgy[
(vii)
fwktr syKoN ny swry Gtnw kRm nUM SwierI dIAW tUkW dy ky hor
vI idlkS bxw id`qw hY[ muhwvrydwr mlveI TyT pMjwbI BwSw iv`c
bVI pRsMsk rcnw kIqI hY[ ikqy vI rcnw dI lVI AtkdI Aqy
tu`tdI nhIN[ ie`k qoN dUsrI Gtnw GtdI jWdI hY[ swrI gwQw 7
AiDAwieAW iv`c sMpUrx ho jWdI hY[ ies pusqk rwhIN fwktr syKoN
ieh vI ieSwrw kr jWdy hn ik ijnHW rwjy-nvwbW ny is`K rwj dy
ivru`D Awp id`lI jw ky iPrMgI nUM ilKqI bynqI kIqI ik swfI
mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG qoN bMd-KlwsI kIqI jwey[ jd iPrMgI jmnw
pwr kr ky AwpxIAW POjW pMjwb iv`c ilAwey sI qW ihMdusqwnI
rwijAW ny aunHW dw svwgq kIqw sI[ aunHW rwijAW, rjvwiVAW Aqy
nvwbW dy vwrs A`j vI dyS dI AwzwdI ip`CoN pMjwb au~qy rwj krdy
Aw rhy hn[ pMjwbI bVy mwx nwl aunHW nUM ijqw ky BMgVy pwauNdy hn[
ieho hI ie`k suihrd klm dw Prz huMdw hY[ hr lyKk dI rcnw aus
dy s`c, sp`Stqw, BwSw dI AmIrI Aqy srlqw dy dm au~qy hI
ijauNdI rihMdI hY Aqy pwTkW dy igAwn iv`c vwDw krdI hY[
mYnUM Aws hY 'jIvn gwQw mhwrwxI ijMdW (ijMd kOr)' pwTkW Aqy
AlockW dI ksv`tI au~qy pUrI auqrygI[ Awaux vwly smyN iv`c fwktr
hrBjn isMG syKoN jI qoN hor vI imAwrI pusqkW dI aumId r`KI jWdI
hY[ prmwqmw pwsoN ienHW dI lMbI Aqy syhqvMd aumr dI kwmnw krdw
hW[
DMnvwd sihq[
imqI : 8.9.2016
hrcMd isMG bwgVI

3315 lYnkwstr kort,
kokutlm
bI.sI. knyfw[
6049414363
(viii)
19thA ;dh *u gzikp dk fJeb"sk wod L wjkokDh fizdK
fJfsjk;ekoh dk ekoi f;oca ;[DB ftu jh ;[nkdbk brdk j? gqzs{
fJ; B{z f;oV s'A tr?o B/go/ ukVQBk nk;kB BjhA j[zdk feT[Afe fJfsjk;
gqwkfDesk dh wzr eodk j? Bk fe ;[DhnK ;[DkJhnK okw ejkDhnK dh.
fJj gqwkfDesk v{zx/ ns/ ft;Eko g{ote ehs/ nfXn?B T[gozs jh pDdh
j?. vkL joGiB f;zx ;/y'A fJ; fJfsjk;ekoh d/ ekoi ftZu bzp/ no;/
s'A ekoiPhb jB. vkL ;/y'A dk gVQkJh ns/ y'i d"okB ftPk Gkt/A ;kfJz;
dk fojk j?. y/shpkVh :{Bhtof;Nh ftu'A ps"o ;hBhno gq'c?;o ;/tktK
fBGk u[Ze/ jB. gozs{ T[jBK dh f;Zy fJfsjk; B{z co'bD dh fuDr B/ T[jBK
B{z tv/oh T[wo ftu th fJfsjk; dh g[Bo f;oiDk tZb s'fonk j'fJnk j?.
fJ;/ o;s/ dk fJZe gVkn ‘ihtB rkEk wjkokDh fizdK (fizd e"o)’ vkL
joGiB f;zx dh f;Zy fJfsjk; Bkb ;zpzfXs d;thA g[;se j?. fJ;
g[;se B{z vkL ;/y'A B/ e[b ;Zs nfXnkfJ ftu tzfvnk j?. wjkokDh fizdK
d/ iBw s'A b? e/ T[; dh w"s ;w/A sZe dh ikDekoh pVh ;ze[fus sohe/ Bkb
p/b'V/ t/oftnK (w;kb/) s'A pu e/ g/P ehsh j?. T[jBK wjkokDh fizdK d/
g[Zso dbhg f;zx d/ ihtB pko/ th e[M yk; nzP g/P ehs/ jB. fizBQk
;dek wjkokDh dh ejkDh ;zg{oB j[zdh j?.fJ; g[;se ftu wjkokik
oDihs f;zx dh w"s s'A pknd wjkB f;Zy oki/ d/ dopko ftu c?bh
p[oSkrodh dh s;thoePh ;kv/ ;kjwD/ nfjw y[bkf;nK d/ Bkb pj[s
e[M f;yk th ojh j?. g[;se dh GkPk P[ZX wbtJh w[jkto/dko m[Ze tkbh
j?. feskp gVQfdnK j'fJnK fes/ th ne/tK wfj;{; BjhA j[zdk. vkL ;/y'A
d/ gq'V T[wo d/ siaofpnk ftu'A gq'y fJfsjk;ekoh iBw b? ojh j?.fJ;
soQK dh fBogZy, fBvo ns/ pr?o fe;/ bkb;k d/ ehsh fJfsjk;ekoh jh
n;bh fJfsjk; j[zdh j?. feT[Afe fe;/ bkb;k nXhB ehs/ ekoi ftu
j/o^c/o dh ;zGktBk w"i{d ofjzdh j?.
w/oh nZi sZe dh T[wo s'A tZX y'i dk siopk oZyD tkb/ vkL
joGiB f;zx ;/y'A pko/ w/oh j?;hns e'Jh Nhek^fNZgDh s'A n;woZE
j?.fco th fJj g[;se f;Zy fJfsjk; d/ Bt/A fd;jZfdnK B{z S{zjdh j'Jh
GftZyw[yh y'ikoEhnK bJh fJZe whb gZEo ;kfps j't/rh.
XzBtkd ;fjs.
fwsh 21H02H2017
joihs f;z x
b?euoko gzikph ftGkr
r[o{ s/ra pjkdo B?PBb ekbi, dkyak.
(ix)
BUimkw
krqy dI kudrq bhuq dI AlOikk, AscrjmeI, AwkriSk
Aqy AnwdI hY[ ies kudrq AMdr aus ny qrHW qrHW dy jIv Aqy
bnspqI pYdw kIqI hoeI hY[ sB jIvW iv`coN jIvn dwqy ny mnu`K nUM
au~qm klw pRdwn kIqI hoeI hY[ ies klw kwrn auh Awm krky bVw
AhMkwrI, Kudgrz Aqy injvwdI ho jWdw hY[ loB iv`c Aw ky qkVw
mnùK mwVy nUM ADIn kr ky aus nUM AwpxIAW jMjIrW iv`c jkVn leI
qrHW qrHW dy FMg vrqdw hY[ihMdusqwnI lg Bg A`T sdIAW muglW dy
gulwm rhy[ ies gulwmI dOrwn jrvwixAW ny aunWH dy ivrsy, sìBAwcwr,
Dwrimk, smwijk Aqy AwriQk AkIidAW dw iKlvwV kIqw Aqy
bhU-bytIAW-BYxW dIAW ie`zqW lu`tIAW[ lokweI dIAW drd BrIAW
pukwrW sux sRI gurU nwnk dyv jI DrqI 'qy 'goibMd rUp' ho prgt hoey[
aunHW is`K pMQ dI swjnw kr ky is`KW nUM brwbrI, zulmW iKlw&,
bhwdrI, iensw& leI jUJ mrn Aqy srb`q dy Bly dw aupdyS Awpxy
im`Ty, ipAwry, inAwry Aqy imknwqIsI mhW bolW nwl id`qw[ gurU
nwnk dI dsvIN joq sRI gurU goibMd isMG jI ny ^wlsw pMQ dI swjnw
kr ky mugl rwj dIAW jVHW pu`t id`qIAW[ aunHW ikhw ik ieh ^wlsw
sdw hI zulm, jbr Aqy AiqAwcwr ivru`D jUJdw rhygw[ gurU swihb
dI ikRpw sdkw hI bwbw bMdw isMG bhwdr ny pihlw 'is`K rwj' kwiem
kIqw Aqy aus auprMq Syir-ey-pMjwb mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG ny pMjwb
AMdr sqluj dy bMny qoN p`Cm v`l drw KYbr q`k ie`k bhuq hI Swn-
ey-Sokq vwlw ivSwl is`K rwj kwiem kIqw[ gurU jI dy bcn sn ik
Drm XùD iv`c ShId hox vwly isMGW nUM mYN SwhI isMGwsn 'qy ibTwvwgW[
ien gRIb isKXn ko dXYN pwqSwhI[
Xih Xwd rKihN hmrI guirAweI[
(pRwcIn pMQ pRkwS, BweI BMgU jI)
ipAwrw isMG pdm ilKdy hn ik BwvyN vwrs Swh is`KW dI

ienklwbI jmwq nUM 'BUq mMflI' kihMdw hY pr ^wlsy ny mulk nUM icrW
qoN icMbVy BUqW qoN KihVw Cufw ky dyS nUM suqMqrqw dy gwfI rwh 'qy
pwieAw[ ikauNik mugl isMGW nUM sg (ku`qy) kihMdy sn pr Aihmd
(x)
Swh durwnI dy nwl AwieAw ^brswr ilKx vwlw ilKwrI kwzI nUr
muhMmd Awpxy 'jMg nwmy' 'c ilKdw hY, 'isMGW nUM sg nw AwKo, auh qW
Syr hn Aqy mrdW dy vI dlyr mrd hn[ienHW dI qlvwr A`gy kihMdy
qoN kihMdw XoDw vI KVH Aqy AV nhIN skdw[ ienHW dw cwl-cln bhuq
hI au~cw qy su`cw hY'[
fwktr hrI rwm gupqw History of the Sikhs volume I , page
272 qy isMGW dI pRsMsw ieM\ krdw hY:
The Sikhs, who won for Punjab the envied title of 'the solidier's
land' and who alone can boast of having erected a bulwark of differnce
against foreign aggression, the tide of which had run its prosporous
course for the preceeding 800 years and to whom all other peoples
of Northern India and of the Punjab in particular owe a debt of
gratitude.
Bwv is`KW ny pMjwb nUM 'sUrimAW dI DrqI' hox dw iKqwb
idvwieAw, ijnHW iekìlAW phwV dI inAweIN ho bwhrI jrvwixAW
nUM ies DrqI vl Awaux qoN hmySW leI rok id`qw[ jrvwixAW dw
ieh kwl c`kr 800 swl qoN jwrI sI[ ieM\ au~qrI Bwrq dy lokW Aqy
^ws kr pMjwbIAW nUM is`KW dy BwrI AihswnmMd hoxw cwhIdw hY[
d`KxI Bwrq (ihMdusqwn) dy lokW nUM kmzor q`k 1757 eIsvI
iv`c bdySI kirMdy 'eIst ieMfIAw kMpnI' dy nW hyT ivaupwr krn dy
mksd nwl dyS iv`c prvyS kr gey[ ienHW iqMn dhwikAW iv`c hI
d`KxI Bwrq nUM Awpxw gulwm bxw ilAw[ ie`QoN dy rjvwVy iPrMgI dy
JolI cu`k bx aunHW dw pwxI Brn l`gy[ ieh iPrMgI mhwrwjw rxjIq
isMG nUM BwrI qwkqvr jwx ky aus dy ijauNdy jI A`gy nw v`D sky[
ienHW SYqwn lokW ny d`KxI Bwrq 'qy Awpxw kbjw bcwaux leI Syir-
ey-pMjwb nwl im`qRqw dIAW sMDIAW vI kIqIAW[ pr ienHW sMDIAW
ip`Cy DoKw, Cl-bl Aqy ivSvwSGwq CuipAw hoieAw sI[ ijauN hI
mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dw AMq hoieAw iPrMgI ny AwpxI Pu`t pwaU
nIqI Apxw ky gdwr fogirAW nUM rwj Bwg dw lwlc dy ky gMF ilAw[
is`K rwj AMdr vYNqUrw vrgy nOkrW nUM eIst ieMfIAw kMpnI iv`c
(xi)
nOkrI dy ky is`K rwj Aqy is`K &Oj dy swry Byq pRwpq kr ley[ AwKIr
Kwnw-jMgI krw ky is`K rwj 'qy pUrI qrHW kwbz ho gey[
ieh TIk hY Aqy s`c hY ik kudrq dy AsUl Anuswr sMswr 'qy
koeI vI cIz siQr nhIN hY[ rwj Bwg dwqy dI bKiSS nwl hI imldy
hn Aqy aus dy hukm nwl ^qm ho jWdy hn[ Swh muhMmd dy vI bol
hn :
sdw nhIN jy dOlqW PIl GoVy, sdw nhIN jy rwijAW dyS mIAW[
Swh muhMmdw sdw nw rUp dunIAW, sdw rhy nw kwlVy kys mIAW[
mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI mhwrwxI ijMdW (ijMd kOr) ny is`K

rwj dy fu`bdy byVy nUM bcwaux leI idl qoV koiSSW kIqIAW, jylHW
J`lIAW, ie`klOqy pu`qr dw vyCoVw sihAw[ auh iPrMgI qoN Awpxw
ie`zq mwx, jq, sq qy p`q bcwaux leI dUjy dyS dy rwjy kol jMglW
bIAwbwnW Aqy phwVW iv`c dI huMdI hoeI Bu`KI iqhweI rih Aqy mMg-
qMg ky pyt dI Bu`K imtwauNdI Aqy A`q dy duKVy J`l ky nypwl phuMcI[
Syr idl ijMdW dw mùK mMqv sI ik AMgryzW dI ADIngI nhIN kbUlxI[
ies dy srIr dIAW rgW AMdr gurU nwnk dyv jI dI nwm bwxI dy bol
Aqy srbMs dwnI gurU goibMd isMG jI dI bKSI phul dI AMimRqDwrw
vih rhI sI[ isMGW Aqy isMGxIAW dIAW kIqIAW gOrvmeI kurbwnIAW
qW ieh hr roz Ardws iv`c aucwrn krdI hI sI[ mhwrwxI Drm
iv`c prp`k sI[ ieh Sbd 'ijnHW mwqwvW BYxW ny jylWH 'c bYT svw svw
mx pIsxy pIsy, bìcAW dy hwr glW iv`c toty-toty kr ky puAwey KMnI-
KMnI 'qy gujwrw kIqw pr Drm nhIN hwirAw' aus dy idl AMdr p`ky
qOr 'qy bYTy hoey sn[ ies Dwrimk prp`kqw kwrn ijMd kOr ny Awpxy
pùqr dlIp isMG ijs nUM AMgryzW ny eIsweI bxw id`qw sI, eIsweIAq
iqAwg ky dubwrw qoN is`K Drm gRihx krvw id`qw[ mhwrwxI dw ieh
kdm bVw hI pRBwvSwlI qy dlyrI BirAw Aqy iPrMgI dy mUMh 'qy cpyV
sI[ ies qoN ielwvw ijMdW ny dlIp isMG nUM pRyrnw id`qI ik pu`qr qUM
AwpxI rihMdI ijMdgI pMjwbIAW nUM AMgryzW dI gulwmI qoN KihVw
Cfwaux leI lgweIN qW ik auh jwgrUk ho ky AwzwdI dw sMGrS ArMB
dyx[ AwpxI mW dy ienHW SbdW 'qy Pu`l cVHwaux leI dlIp isMG ny
(xii)
qn dyhI nwl bVIAW koiSSW kIqIAW pr kudrq ny swQ nw id`qw[
ijs kwrn aus dw hr rMg bdrMg ho igAw,hr kMm nUM ADrMg ho igAw
idn dI roSnI dw kwlw rMg ho igAw, mwno nsIb sV gey, pqJV vI
nhIN sI AweI, gulSn dy Pu`l sV gey, v`fI glqI kIqI AMgryz bx
ky, gurU nwnk dw audyS Xwd nw irhw[
mhwrwxI ijMdW qW iPrMgI dy k`tV ivroDI sI[ jy aus nUM bdnwm
kIqw qW auh sn fogry gdwr ijnHW dy h`Q iv`c aus smyN rwjnIiqk
qwkq sI[ iPrMgI pRqI mhwrwxI ny Awpxy pu`qr dlIp isMG nUM
AwiKAw sI "pu`qr! myry nwl AnrQ nw krIN[ mqW myry moeI hoeI dy
hMJU vI ibgwinAW dI DrqI 'qy Fih ky aus inrdeI AMgryz srkwr
A`gy &irAwd krdy hox, ijs ny swrI aumr myry nwl iensw& nhIN
kIqw[ myry srIr dw ie`k vI ikxkw ienHW zwlmW dI DrqI 'qy nw
ifgx dyeIN[ qUM Awpxy dyS pMjwb Aqy pMjwbIAW nwl snyh, lgwau
qy ipAwr r`KIN[" so mhwrwxI ny pMjwb dI Awn, Swn Aqy is`KI
vrwsq nUM kwiem r`Kx leI Awpxw jIvn kurbwn kr id`qw[ ieM\
mhwrwxI dw AYsw AwdrSk ivhwr, dyS Aqy kOmI ipAwr ie`k lw
jvwb imswl hY[ ieh imswl bVI pRyrnw-sRoq Aqy cwnx-munwry dI
inAweIN hY[ so aus pRqI ilKxw bxdw hY:
mhwrwxI AxK sI dyS pMjwb dI jI[
auh qW klI sI, Pu`l gulwb dI jI[
kOm pRqI aus dI kurbwnI sI, lwjvwb dI jI[
aus dI jIvn gwQw hY, bVI ivrwg dI jI[
ieh pusqk ilKx dw Purnw dws nUM ies kr ky PuirAw ik ie`k

qW 2017 iv`c mhwrwxI dw 200 swlw jnm idn Aw irhw hY Aqy dUjw
ilKwrIAW ny ies mhwn SKsIAq nUM AxgOilAw kr rìKAw hY[
mhwrwxI dw jIvn ie`k mhwn ieiqhwsk Gtnw hY[ ieiqhws kOmW
dI ijMd-jwn Aqy SISy dI inAweIN huMdw hY[ ijhVIAW kOmW Awpxy
ieiqhws nUM Bu`l jWdIAW hn auh smW pw ky DrqI qoN ^qm ho jWdIAW
hn[ kOm dy puriKAW dIAW pweIAW, kurbwnIAW, J`ly du`KVy Aqy
pRwpq kIqIAW s&lqwvW Awaux vwlIAW nslW nUM v`fIAW syDW
idMdIAW hn[
(xiii)
dws ny dyS-ivdyS dIAW lwiebRyrIAW qy ikqwb GrW iv`c jw ky
mhwrwxI ijMdW sMbMDI gwQwvW dI pVcol kIqI[ aus dy jIvn sMbMDI
rswilAW, AKbwrW Aqy ieMtrnY~t 'qy pweIAW ilKqW pVH ky ieh
KrVw gurU ikrpw sdkw iqAwr kIqw[ ies iv`c srl, lok bolI Aqy
TyTH pMjwbI dy Sbd Aqy muhwvry vrqx dI koiSS kIqI hY qW ik
pwTk swrI iviQAw nMU sihjy hI smJ skx[ Aws krdw hW ik
pwTk jn ies pusqk nUM pVH ky mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dy is`K rwj,
aus dI mhwrwxI ijMdW dI du`K BrI gwQw, gdwrW v`loN kIqI gdwrI qy
mhwrwjw dlIp isMG nwl iPrMgI v`loN kIqy BYVy vrqwau qoN cMgI qrHW
jwxUM ho skxgy[ ho skdw hY ik ieiqhwsk Aqy iv`dvqw p`KoN ieh Koj
ksOtI 'qy nw au~qry ikauNik dws qW ie`k swieMsdwn irhw hY[ pMjwbI
vI dsvIN q`k hI pVHI sI[ ies leI Bu`l-cu`k dI muAw&I cwhuMdw hY[
dws pRo&Ysr surjIq isMG, hrjIq isMG Aqy srdwr hrcMd
isMG jI bwgVI swihb dw qih idloN DMnvwdI hY ijnHW Awpxy GrylU
ruJiy vAW iv`cNo smW k`F ky ies ikqwb dy KrVy nUM bhuq hI ghu nwl pVH
ky Awpxy ivcwr klmbMd kIqy hn Aqy vfmu`ly suJwA vI id`qy[ dws
AwpxI supqnI rwijMdr pwl kOr (syvw mukq, pMjwbI lYkcrwr) dw
vI irxI hY ijs ny bVI imhnq nwl ieh KrVw piVHAw Aqy keI soDW
kIqIAW[ sRI mqI srlw rwxI dw vI bhuq DMnvwd ijs ny h`Q ilKq
nUM tweIp kIqw[ AwKIr 'qy dws Awpxy mwqw ipqw dw vI AiqAMq
DMnvwdI hY, ijnHW myrI ivìdAw dI pUrqI leI bVw v`fw sihXog
id`qw[
DMnvwd sihq[
imqI 27-11-2016
hrBjn isMG syKoN
swbkw pRoPYsr qy ieMcwrz (dwl sYkSn)
plWt brIifMg ivBwg,
pMjwb KyqIbwVI XUnIvristI, luiDAwxw[
(xiv)
AiDAwie 1
mu`Flw jIvn
pRBU dI swjI invwjI kudrq bhuq hI inrwlI, ivsmwdI Aqy
ivkwsSIl hY[ ieh srb ivAwpk hox kr ky ies iv`c AMqW dy
AwkwrW Aqy swkwrW dI Brmwr hY[ AYsy mUrqImwn jIvW iv`coN mnu`KI
jIvn bhuq hI durl`B, soJIvwn, ivkwsmeI Aqy srb prDwn hY[
ieh Awm dyKx iv`c AwauNdw hY ik jdoN kdy mnu`KI sìBAwcwr,
sMklp, ivcwrDwrw, smwijk, AwriQk Aqy Dwrimk kdrW-kImqW
'qy koeI qwkq s`t mwrn dI koiSS krdI hY qW auh mwlk suDweI leI
kRWqIkwrI rUhW nUM AwpxI klw vrqw ky sMswr 'qy Byjdw hY[ auh rUhW
Awpxy jIvn &ls&y nUM AmlI rUp dyx leI Aqy rUhwnI bulMdIAW dI
pRwpqI leI qqpr ho ky jIvn GoL jwrI rKdIAW hn, BwvyN aunHW nUM
ikqny vI kSt ikauN nw shwrny pYx[
A`j qoN do sO swl pihlW sMn 1817 iv`c AYsI hI ie`k mhwn rUh
srdwr mMnw isMG AOlK, ipMf cwhV, qihsIl j&rvwl, izlwH
isAwlkot (pwiksqwn) dy gRih ivKy aus dI CotI DI vjoN pYdw hoeI[
ieh bwlkI bhuq hI suMdr, KUbsUrq, gorI-inSoh Aqy husIn sI[
prvwr ny ies dw ichn-c`kr q`k nW ijMdW (ijMd kOr) r`K id`qw[
ijvyN ieh v`fI huMdI geI ies dw goL ichrw, cOVw-m`Qw, iq`Kw n`k
ies dy rUp nUM cwr cMn lw irhw sI[ ijMdW dIAW motIAW motIAW A`KW
iv`c A`q dI cmk-dmk sI[ jdoN ieh muitAwr hoeI qW ies dw
bybwk bdn Aqy BtkIlw ichrw mwno Ap`CrW (hUrW-prI) dw pRqIk
sI[ ieh idl dI dlyr, AxKvwlI Aqy mnsUbyvwj sI[ ijMdW dI soc
bhuq sMjIdw, gMBIr Aqy jzbwqI sI[ ies dw idl vI bVw ikRpwlU,
idAwlU Aqy KulyH suBwA vwlw sI[ ies dw Awcrn kMcn vrgw Aqy
guris`KI dy Amol ivrsy iv`c pRp`k sI[ prvwr ny AwpxI ipAwrI
Aqy sicAwrI bytI nUM du`D, dhIN, m`Kx Awid cMgw KuAw ky bVy lwfW,
cwvW Aqy mlHwrW nwL pwilAw ies nUM gurmuKI ivìdAw, gurbwxI
pVHn dw AiBAws Aqy smyN dI loV Anuswr isMGxIAW vwly krq`v dI
isKlweI vI id`qI[ ieM\ ieh suGV, infr Aqy guxvMqI hox kr ky
1
prvwr dy ivhVy dw iSMgwr sI[ sohx isMG sIql ny ies dy guxW nUM
ieiqhwskwrW dIAW ilKqW pVH ky klmbMd kIqw hY:
mMnw isMG srdwr dy, mihlIN AweI bhwr[
jMmI dyvI surg dI, rUp ijMdW dw Dwr[
p`t, pMGUVy JUtdI, hoeI jd muitAwr[
moihAw mn rxjIq dw auh dy rUp Apwr[
ikauNik ijMdW Syir-ey-pMjwb mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI rwxI

bx geI sI[ ies ny aus dI mOq auprMq is`K rwj nUM &rMgIAW dy kbzy
qoN bcwaux leI kw&I sMGrS kIqw sI[ ies leI ieiqhwskwrW ny
mhwrwxI nUM v`K v`K ruqibAW nwL slwihAw hY[ iksy ny ies nUM pMjwb
dI msIhw, iksy ny pMjwb dI mlkw, iksy ny pMjwb dI AxK, iksy ny
pMjwb dI SyrnI, iksy ny ijMdw idl vwlI, iksy ny AMgryzI srkwr
leI kMfy dI inAweIN Awid iKqwbW nwl Xwd kIqw[ pr ivroDIAW
ny ies nUM bwgI, rwj DRohI, ivdrohI, gdr mcwaux vwlI, A`KV,
clwk Aqy m`kwr qIvIN vI iliKAw hY[ lwrf AYln bro ilKdw hY ik
bwlk dlIp isMG dI mW mrdW vwLI dlyrI r`Kx vwlI AOrq hY[
lwrf flhOzI ibAwndw hY ik ijMdW iv`c coKI qy FUMGI sUJ hY[ aus nUM
pMjwb iv`c rihx dyxw AMgryzW leI ^qrnwk hovygw, so pMjwboN dUr hI
r`KI jwvy[
ijMdW mhwrwxI ikvyN bxI?

ijMdW dw ipqw mMnw isMG mMinAw-pRmMinAw GoV svwr Aqy
kuìqAW dw cMgw SOkIn sI[ mhwrwjy ny Awpxy drbwr iv`c ies nUM
Royal Kennals (ku`qy-Gr) dw ieMcwrj bxwieAw hoieAw sI[ suBwA
p`KoN ieh bVw cqr, dlIlbwz Aqy kOqkI sI[ srdwr rxjIq isMG
nwL ies dI cMgI bYTxI-au~TxI sI[ imlwpVw, mKOlIAw, im`T-
bolVw Aqy KuS idl hox kr ky g`lW bwqW 'c aus nwL cMgw id`l-
prcwvw kr lYNdw sI[
jy. AY~s. ivrdI ny 20 AkqUbr 2001 nUM dI trIibaUn (The
Tribune) iv`c mulk rwj AwnMd dI ilKq dw hvwlw dy ky iliKAw hY
ik keI lok ies g`l dI Awlocnw krdy hn ik rxjIq isMG ny vfyrI
2
(55 swl) aumr iv`c SwdI ikauN rcweI? auh ilKdy hn ik keI
pusqkW dy ieiqhwsk q`QW Anuswr mMnw isMG AwpxI b`cI nUM keI vwr
moiFAW 'qy cu`k mhwrwjy dI b`GI dy nwL nwL dOVdw sI[ auh vwr vwr
&irAwd krdw sI "rwjn! ieh b`cI myry isr 'qy Bwr hY[ mYN cwhuMdw
hW ik qusIN ies nUM AwpxI rwxI bxw lvo"[ Syir-ey-pMjwb ny idAwlqw
idKwauNdy hoey mMnw isMG dI bynqI svIkwr kr leI nwl hI hukm kIqw
ik ies 13 swl dI b`cI nUM cMgI prvS leI rwjw iDAwn isMG dy dyK
ryK hyT Byj idau[ ies dI cMgI Kurwk, dyK-BwL, bsqrW, ksrq
Aqy KuS gvwr mhOl leI 5000 rupey pRqI mhInw B`qw vI mu`krr kr
id`qw[ mMnw isMG dw AwpxI DI nUM moiFAW 'qy cu`k ky mhwrwjy dI b`GI
nwl dOVn dI pRoVqw srnw jI ny vI AwpxI pusqk 'jlwvqnI' iv`c
kIqI hY[
sohx isMG sIql Anuswr mMnw isMG dw pRvwr AwpxI DI dw
irSqw mhwrwjy nwL gMFx dw ie`Cuk sI[ aunHW dy kQn muqwbk im`q
isMG BVwxIey dy lVky jvwlw isMG dw ivAwh ijMdW dI v`fI BYx nwl
hoieAw hoieAw sI[ jvwlw isMG mhwrwjy dI &Oj iv`c isr k`FvW
srdwr sI[ ies ny ijMdW dI SwdI bwry Syir-ey-pMjwb 'qy bhuq zor
pwieAw Aqy bcolgI kIqI[
iehnW ilKqW iv`coN sohx isMG jI sIql dw kQn TIk lgdw
hY[ pihlI g`l ieh ik mMnw isMG mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dy drbwr
iv`c cMgy Ahudy 'qy sI Aqy cMgI jwiedwd dw mwlk sI[ ies leI
AwpxI CotI DI ijMdW jo bhuq hI ipAwrI, dulwrI Aqy sicAwrI sI,
aus nUM auh Awpxy isr 'qy Bwr ikvyN kih skdw sI[ hW aus ny Awpxw
nwmxw vDwaux leI ijMdW dI SwdI mhwrwjy nwl krn leI Awpxy
DI-juAweI 'qy zrUr jor pwieAw hovygw[ gurbwxI Anuswr huMdw auhI
hY jo Dur drgwhoN m`Qy qy Bwg ilKy huMdy hn[ iPr CotI v`fI aumr vI
AiVcx nhIN bxdI[ dUjI g`l aunHIN idnI Srm qy Drm 'qy pUrw
pihrw id`qw jWdw sI[ koeI vI mW bwp AwpxI juAwn kuAwrI DI nUM
nw qW bhuqw GroN hI bwhr inklx dI iejwzq idMdy sn Aqy nw hI
aus nUM iksy prwey dy spurd krn dI soc r`Kdy sn[
3
keI ieiqhwskwrW dIAW ilKqW drswauNdIAW hn ik ijMdW dI
SwdI leI koeI jM\ nhIN Fu`kI, koeI Fol-Fm`kw nhIN hoieAw Aqy
kyvl kryvy (Dwrimk pRikRAw vgYr SwdI) dI rsm hI hoeI[ rxjIq
isMG ny Awpxy v`loN ie`k qIr kmwn qy ie`k ikrpwn mMnw isMG dy gRih
ivKy ByjI[ pr sohx isMG sIql AwpxI pusqk 'mhwrwxI ijMdW' dy
pMnw 12 aup`r ilKdy hn ik pMjwb dy coxvyN srdwr qy nvwb Syry pMjwb
dI jM\ nwL Awey[ ijMdW dw ivAwh bVI DUm-Dwm nwL hoieAw[
auhdy mn dI murwd pUrI ho geI[ foly iv`c bYTI auh Awpxy l`KW
rupieAW dy gihixAW v`l vyK rhI sI[ mwipAW dI ijMdW rwxI bx
ky lwhOr Aw geI[ aus nUM sMmx burj dy nwL dy mihl iv`c auqwirAw
igAw[ mhwrwxI nUM golIAW ny moiFAW qoN PVH ky Awdr nwL Swndwr
plMG 'qy ibTwieAw[ so ikvyN vI hoieAw ijMdW Syir-ey-pMjwb dI
mhwrwxI bx geI[
Asl iv`c purwqn simAW AMdr lok Awpxy Grwxy dI soBw,
nwmxw Aqy mwx vDwaux leI rwijAW nUM AwpxIAW suMdr lVkIAW
Awp pyS krdy sn[ ie`k ie`k rwjy dIAW sNYkVy hI rwxIAW huMdIAW
sn[ keI vwr qW auh A`q KUbsUrq juAwn muitAwr dyK ky D`ky nwL
AwpxI rwxI bxw lYNdy sn[ jIvn dw ^yf-qmwSw ipCly kIqy krmW
dy sMjog ivjog kwrn hI hY[ gurU nwnk dyv jI ny jpu bwxI 'c drj
kIqw hY:
sMjogu ivjogu duie kwr clwvih lyKy Awvih Bwg] (ö)
ies qrHW gurU jI ny mwJ rwg dI vwr AMdr iliKAw hY:

cauQY ipAwir aupMnI Kyf] pMjvY Kwx pIAx kI Dwqu]
iCvY kwmu n puCY jwiq] (ñó÷)
Bwv ies ipAwr dI Kyf iv`c jwq, pwq jW rMg Awid vI nhIN
dyiKAw jWdw[ ieiqhws iv`c Aijhw koeI hvwlw nhIN imldw ik
rxjIq isMG ny D`ky nwl iksy nUM AwpxI rwxI bxwieAw hovy[ ijMdW
nUM vI aus ny aus dy ipqw v`loN Aqy srdwr jvwlw isMG v`loN zor pwaux
'qy rwxI bxwieAw[ ipAwrw isMG pdm ny AwpxI pusqk 'sMKyp is`K
4
ieiqhws' iv`c mhwrwjy dIAW pMj rwxIAW (mihqwb kOr, rwj kOr,
rqn kOr, dXw kOr qy ijMd kOr) dw izkr hI kIqw hY ijnHW qoN KVk
isMG, Syr isMG, qwrw isMG, mulqwnw isMG, kSmIrw isMG, ipSorw
isMG qy dlIp isMG 7 pu`qr hoey, BwvyN keI ieiqhwskwrW ny vDyry
rwxIAW hox dI g`l vI ilKI hY[
kwm vwSnw bhuq hI Gwqk hox kr ky ienswn dI sRySt bu`DI
dw nwS kr idMdI hY[ ieh bMdy nUM Drm qoN fyg ky piq`q kr idMdI hY[
mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG vI ie`k vwr ies dw iSkwr hoieAw jdoN aus
ny muslmwn vysvw 'morW' ijhVI bhuq rUpvMd sI nwl ipAwr krnw
SurU kr id`qw[ ieh dyK ky ^wlsw roh iv`c Aw igAw[ pr mhwrwjy
iv`c inmrqw Aqy hlImI dyKo[ jdoN Akwl q^q, AMimRqsr 'qy pyS
hox leI hukm AwieAw qW ie`k inmwxy is`K vWg hwzr hoieAw Aqy
ies kukrm leI dovyN h`Q joV jQydwr Akwl q^q, isMG swihb
AkwlI &ulw isMG qoN muAw&I mMgI[ jd gurmqw suxwieAw igAw ik
qyry AOh iemlI dy dr^q nwl bMnH ky sO korVy pYxy hn[ rxjIq isMG
ny korVy Kwx leI AwpxI kmIz auqwr id`qI[ pMjwb dy Syr nUM drKq
nwl bMinHAW igAw[ mhwrwjw dy AYsy Jukw nUM dyKidAW j`Qydwr ny ie`k
korVw mwrn leI isMG XoDy nUM hukm kr id`qw[ ies ny KuSI KuSI korVw
sih ilAw[ so ieh g`l ie`k is`K rwjy dI mhwnqw Aqy Kwlsw pMQ
dy AsUlW qy SkqI nUM drswauNdI hY[ AYsI mhwn soc kwrn hI Syir-
ey-pMjwb hrmn ipAwrw sI Aqy hY vI[
nvIN nmyl rwxI pRqI mhwrwjy dy idl AMdr fUMGI iK`cH sI[ A`goN
rwxI vI suMdr sUrq dI mUrq Aqy iK`cH qy iKVwau dw kyNdr sI[ ijMdW
dw husn Aqy pRIq q`k ky rxjIq isMG aus nUM byh`d ipAwr krn
lìgAw[ sohx isMG sIql dI ilKq muqwbk mhwrwjy ny aus nUM
'mihbUbw' (pRwx ipAwrI) dw i^qwb id`qw[ ieM\ idn-bidn rwjy-
rwxI dw vD irhw ipAwr dyK dUjIAW rwxIAW dy mnW AMdr eIrKw
Aqy swVw auqpMn hox l`g ipAw[ BwvyN dUjIAW rwxIAW dw Awps
iv`c cuglI-inMidAw dw dOr qW pihlW qoN hI cldw sI pr ijMdW ny
Aijhy vrqwau qoN Awpxy Awp nUM dUr rìKAw[ auh sB nUM AwpxIAW
v`fIAW BYxW dI qrHW smJx l`gI[ jykr koeI rwxI ijMdW pws Aw ky
5
dUjIAW dy ivroD 'c kwnwPUsI krdI qW ieh cup kr jWdI ikauNik
ies dy kMnW iv`c ieh Sbd pey hoey sn ik 'ie`k cùp sO sùK' ! inrml
bu`DI kr ky ieh smJdI sI ik kMn 'c kIqI g`l vI kdy gu`JI nhIN
rihMdI, ijvyN swgr nUM ku`jI 'c bMd nhIN kIqw jw skdw Aqy ieSk
vI kdy CuipAw nhIN rihMdw[ cMgy suBwA kwrn ijMdW swry rwj-mihl
iv`c hr-mn ipAwrI ho geI[ mhwrwjw vI keI vwr ies nUM dUjIAW
rwxIAW dy iKAwlW bwry pu`C lYNdw sI[ au~qr iv`c ieh kih idMdI ik
auh s`By myrIAW v`fIAW BYxW hn[ ijMdW dy rihx leI dUjIAW rwxIAW
dy mukwbly mihl vI Cotw sI pr ies dy mn iv`c rhwieS pRqI koeI
rMjS nhIN sI[
qwrIKdwnW dy kQn Anuswr fogrw rwjw iDAwn isMG idl dw
bVw Kotw sI[ auh mhwrwjw Aqy ijMdW dI cMgI nyVqw nUM jr nhIN sI
irhw[ ie`k vwr ies ny rxjIq isMG kol ie`k fogrI mhW suMdr
muitAwr dI g`l qorI[ rwj Bwg iv`c Awpxy bol-bwly nUM hor pikAwaux
leI iDAwn isMG cwhuMdw sI ik srkwr aus fogrI nUM AwpxI rwxI
bxw lvy[ pr srkwr ny ieh kih ky iDAwn isMG dw mUMh bMd kr
id`qw ik "bMdw tIsI 'qy phuMc ky jykr mn iv`c aus qoN v`D dI ie`Cw
r`Ky qW toey iv`c hI ifgdw hY"[
dlIp isMG dI pYdwieS

sMswr AMdr hr iesqrI dI cwhnw huMdI hY ik auh mW bxy[
BwvyN is`KI AMdr pu`qr Aqy pu`qrI iv`c koeI AMqr nhIN smiJAw jWdw
pr mu`K soc iehI huMdI hY ik myrI god iv`c pu`qr Kyfy[ pu`qr nUM vMS
dw inSwn smiJAw jWdw hY ikauNik pùqrW dy nW 'qy vMS A`gy qurdI hY[
CyvyN pwqSwh sRI gurU hir goibMd swihb jI nUM ie`k &kIr ny jdoN &kIrI
dI mhwnqw bwry puìCAw qW au~qr sI, "&kIr jI! sMswr AMdr
iesqrI iemwn hY, pu`qr inSwn hY, mwieAw guzrwn hY Aqy &kIrI
mhwn hY["
cMgy BwgW kr ky 2 sqMbr 1838 nUM ijMdW dI ku`KoN dlIp pYdw
hoieAw[ jdoN Syr idl rxjIq isMG ny pu`qr dI Kbr suxI qW KuSI
dI h`d dyKI nhIN jw rhI sI[ mhwrwjy ny Akwl purK dw DMnvwd kIqw
6
Aqy swrw rwj drbwr KuSI dy jSnW iv`c jut igAw[ rwxI ijMdW vI
KuSI iv`c Pu`lI nhIN smw rhI sI[ rwxIAW, srdwr Aqy drbwrIAW
v`loN vDweI dyx leI qWqw b`J igAw[ rwjy ny kMgwlW dIAW dwn nwl
JolIAW Br id`qIAW[ lwhOr Sihr iv`c bVw Fol-Fm`kw v`j irhw sI[
nv jMmy pu`qr dy drSn kr ky Syir-ey-pMjwb ny KuSI 'c Aw ky ijMdW
nUM 'mhwrwxI' dw iKqwb Aqy kImqI hIry moqIAW nwl jiVAw hwr
id`qw[ dUjIAW rwxIAW ny vI b`cy nUM jyvr Awid ByNt kIqy Aqy Gu`t Gu`t
ky ipAwr kIqw[
siqgurW dw DMnvwd krn leI bwrWdrI 'c sRI guUrU gRMQ swihb
jI dw pRkwS krwieAw igAw[ rwgI isMGW ny gurbwxI dy mhW bolW dw
rs iBMnw kIrqn kIqw[ b`cy dy nwm krn leI 'd' A`Kr jo gur vwk
dw pihlw A`Kr sI vrq ky kMvr dlIp isMG rìKAw[ nvqyj srnw
mUjb mhwrwjy ny ikhw, "AsIN ies dw nW Qwnysr dy mhwn sMq dy nW
'qy dlIp r`KWgy[ vwihgurU ies nUM sMqW ijhI isAwxp bKSy"[
dlIp dw muhWdrw AwpxI mW nwl myl KWdw sI[ ipqw mwqw
dovyN ies nUM hsUM hsMU krdy nUM dyK KuSI nwl auCldy sn[ sohx isMG
sIql ilKdy hn ik kudrq ienHW dy hwsy nUM q`k Cup ky muskrw rhI
sI:
kudriq rwxI aus 'qy, quTI ikrpw Dwr[
bKiSAw lwl dlIp isMG, mihlW dw srdwr[
iksmq nwl ivAMg dy, h`sI mUMh pswr[
rolWgI prdys mYN, ieh lwlW dw hwr[
'sIql' hwrn lyK jW, Pu`l bxn AMigAwr[
rwxI ijMdW ny Awpxy nrm, koml, surIly Aqy muskrwht Bry

AMdwz nwL mhwrwjy nUM pUrI qrHW moihq kr rìKAw sI[ aus dI
hlImI, ijMdw idlI Aqy Awqm ivSvwS kwrn mhwrwjw aus 'qy pUrn
Brosw krdw sI[ ijMdW ny cwr ku swl (1835-1839) q`k rwj mihlW
dI BwrI syj mwxI Aqy cihl-pihl dyKI[ Syir-ey-pMjwb nwL dUr-
drwfy jw ky suMdr mihl qy AtwrIAW jo iklHw numw sn dw AwnMd
mwixAw Aqy ieiqhwsk vsqW ghu nwl q`kIAW[ srkwr nwl rih
7
ky srkwrI BydW Aqy rh`sW dI jwxkwrI pRwpq kIqI[ aus nUM kI pqw
sI ik Awaux vwlw smW bVw rMj, gm Aqy du`K BrIAW kwlIAW rwqW
vwlw hovygw[ su`K Aqy du`K CW vWg hn[ du`K mgroN su`K Aqy su`K mgroN
du`K AwauNdw hY[ gurbwxI dy bol hn:
duKu dwrU suKu rog BieAw]
ieh vI Awm kihx iv`c AwauNdw hY 'surgoN nrk qy nrkoN

surg'[ ikauNik su`KW iv`c ienswn aus sweIN nUM Bu`l jWdw hY ijs ny
aus nUM ieh mnu`Kw jIvn id`qw[ pr jdoN du`K pYNdy hn qW sweIN A`gy
dùKW 'coN k`Fx leI bwr bwr ArdwsW krdw hY, aus dw jwp krdw hY[
iPr mwlk KuS ho ky aus nUM v`fy Ahudy bKS idMdw hY[
Syir-ey-pMjwb dI mOq
mhwrwjw ADrMg (Parailysis) dy hmly nwl pIVq ho igAw[
BwvyN ies rog dw hmlw pihlW vI do vwr aus aup`r hoieAw sI ijhVw
&kIr AzIz au~ddIn dI dvweI nwL TIk ho igAw sI pr ies vwr
dw hmlw bVw gMBIr sI[ hkImW ny cMgI qoN cMgI dvweI id`qI, iPr
vI auh ibmwrI au~qy kwbU pwaux iv`c s&l nw hoey[ AMq iv`c AMgRyzI
fwktr ny AMgRyzI dvweI vrq ky ielwj SurU kIqw AwKIr auh vI
As&l irhw[ pMjwb dw Syr idnoN idn kmzorI hox kr ky sdw plMG
'qy lyitAw rihMdw sI[ aus dI AYsI hwlq dyK rwxI ijMdW icMqw iv`c
gRsq sI[ auh Awpxy Coty ijhy lwl v`l dyK Biv`K bwry socW 'c peI
rihMdI sI[ swry srdwr Aqy drbwrI vI bycYn KwmoSI iv`c sn[ rwjw
iDAwn isMG ny iklHy dy swry drvwjy bMd krvw id`qy qW ik bhuqy lok
mhwrwjw nUM imlx nw Awaux[ ijMdW bwr bwr pRBU A`gy Awpxy pqI dI
ishqXwbI leI Ardws krdI sI[ aus dI dwsI mMglW rwxI mhwrwxI
nUM bVw Drvwsw idMdI sI pr AYsI hwlq iv`c mn ik`Qy itkdw hY? gurU
GrW, fyirAW, mMdrW qy msIqW iv`c vI mhwrwjy dI ishq 'c suDwr
sMbMDI pRwrQnwvW kIqIAW jw rhIAW sn pr kwl A`gy iksy dw vs
nhIN cldw, jo jMimAW hY aus dw ie`k idn AMq hoxw hI hY cwhy auh
rwjw hY, rMk hY jW &kIr hY[ Dur drgwhoN imly swh Gt vD nhIN
skdy[ srkwr dI hwlq jdoN bhuq ivgV geI qW aus nUM plMG qoN cùk
8
ky DrqI 'qy ivCy suMdr ivCOxy qy iltw id`qw[ ieh purwqn irvwj sI
jo smW bIqx nwl A`j klH ^qm ho igAw hY[ AMq nUM mOq rwxI ny aus
mhwn s^SIAq dy swh iK`c ley[ ieh pqw l`gx 'qy cwry pwsy rox
Dox dI kurlwht m`c geI sB rwxIAW DwhW mwr ky ro rhIAW sn[
hryk drbwrI dy A`KW 'coN hMJU vg rhy sn ikauNik mhwrwjw sB nUM bVw
ipAwr qy siqkwr idMdw sI[ lokweI aus nUM mhwn rihbr dI inAWeI
smJdI sI[ sohx isMG sIql mhwrwxI ijMdW dI idlI hwlq bwry
ieM\ ibAwn krdy hn:
moieAw Syr pMjwb dw, Dwh ijMdW mwrI[
auh dy Bw dI ault geI, A`j dunIAW swrI[
q^qoN DrqI Fih geI, auh rwj dulwrI[
mihlIN vsdI mOq nMU, nw dyK shwrI[
mhwrwjy dI mOq ny aus hUrW prI dI suMdrqw m`Dm pw id`qI,

KuAwbW dw mlIAwmyt kr id`qw, jIvn bhwr nUM pqJV 'c bdl id`qw
qy Awpxy prvwr dy ipAwr, siqkwr, KuSI KyVy KMB lw ky au~f gey[
srkwr dy sskwr leI bbwx iqAwr hox lìgAw[ fogrw
iDAwn isMG Aqy ihMdU m`q dy hor mohrIAW ny 4 rwxIAW Aqy 7
bdiksmq KUbsUrq golIAW nUM swihb nwl sqI hox leI iqAwr
krvw id`qw[ ienHW ijMdW 'qy vI zor pwieAw pr aus ny gurmiq
mirXwdw nUM mu`K rKidAW Aqy dlIp isMG vl dyK sqI hox qoN nWh
kr id`qI[ jykr aus smyN AkwlI PUlw isMG ijauNdw huMdw qW aus ny
AYsI ikRAw nhIN sI hox dyxI[ qIjy siqgurW gurU Amr dws jI ny
is`KI AMdr sqI pRQw ^qm krvw id`qI sI[ aunHW AwiKAw ijauNdy
jIA Awpxy pqI nwL sV blxw AwqmGwq hY[ sRI gurU gRMQ jI AMdr
drz hY:
sqIAw eyih n AwKIAin jo miVAw lig jlMin@]
nwnk sqIAw jwxIAin@ ij ibrhy cot mrMin@
BI so sqIAw jwxIAin sIl sMqoiK rhMin@]
syvin sweI Awpxw inq auiT smwlMin@ ] (÷ø÷)
mhwrwjy dy srIr lwgy igAwnI gurbwxI dw pwT aucwrn kr
9
rhy sn[ bRwhmx kol bYTy gIqw pVH rhy sn[ rwxIAW mihlW 'c
bYTIAW ro rhIAW sn qy srkwr nUM Xwd kr AOsIAW pw rhIAW sn[
keIAW nUM gS pY rhy sn[ ieSnwn krvw ky qy suMdr bsqr pihnw
ky srkwr dy srIr nUM bbwx iv`c r`K ky iklHy qoN bwhr keI sqMbW vwLy
q^qgwh iv`c ilAWdw igAw qW ik srkwr, przw, drbwrI qy
rwxIAW AMiqm drSn kr skx[ mhwrwjy dI mOq A`g l`gx dI qrHW
v`K v`K ielwikAW iv`c phuMc geI[ lok Awpxy SihnSwh dy drSnW
leI lwhOr phuMcxy SurU ho gey[ nvqyj srnw ilKdy hn ik ArQI dy
A`gy A`gy jw rhy rwgI Sbd gw rhy sn[ aunHW dy ip`Cy ip`Cy bRwhmxW
dI tolI sI ijnHW dIAW CwqIAW 'qy isvwey jnyaU dy kuJ nhIN pihinAW
sI[ auhnW dy isr Gon mon Aqy m`Qy 'qy iqlk sjy hoey sn[ aunHW dy
nwL nwL hI lMbIAW mihMdI rMgIAW dwVHIAW vwly mOlvI jw rhy sn[
aunHW dy ip`Cy srkwr Kud sunihrI sMdl dI l`kVI dy bwbx iv`c suSoBq
sI[... lokW ny ies AMiqm Xwqrw 'qy Pu`l p`qIAW inCwvr kIqIAW
Aqy qopKwny ny qopW dI slwmI id`qI[ SmSwn Gwt ivKy AgnI dI
rsm kMvr KVk isMG ny kIqI[ mhwrwjy nwL cwr rwxIAW Aqy s`q
dwsIAW rwK ho geIAW[ igAwnI igAwn isMG ijhVw keI swl
mhwrwjy dy drbwr iv`c kvI vjoN irhw ny Awpxy gRMQ 'pMQ pRkwS' dy
AiDAwie 112 iv`c mhwrwjy dy sskwr dw nkSw ienHW SbdW nwl
icìqRAw :
mhwrwj ky sRIr, dwh hoq DIr,
rovqy AmIr qy &kIr Cf qwb ko[
BwKYN Awj KwkY BeI bIrqweI bIrn kI[
mIrn kI mIrq, AmIrn pRBwv ko[
ihMdun kI ihMd jrI, isMGn kI ijMd jrI,
igAwn hrI kvIAn ko, jr go A&qwb ko[
BUpn AwbwdI jrI, lwhOr kI gwdI jrI,
jr gXo suhwg Bwg, swgrI pMjwb ko[
smùcy pMjwb iv`c 13 idn sog mnwieAw igAw[ lwhOr dy bwzwrW

dIAW smUh dukwnW bMd rhIAW[ cOQy idn kyvl Anwz dIAW dukwnW
KulHIAW qW ik lok zrUrI vsqW KRId skx[ ausy idn hI isvy 'qy phuMc
10
ky AsQIAW cugIAW geIAW[ iPr aunWH nUM pwlkI iv`c pw ky hirduAwr
iljw ky jl pRvwh kIqw igAw[ qyrvyN idn sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dy
r`Ky sihj pwT dy Bog auprMq kIrqn, kQw Aqy AMiqm Ardws kIqI
geI[
Syir-ey-pMjwb dy dyhWq auprMq rwjnIqk giq ivDIAW qyzI
nwl krvt lYx l`gIAW[ lwlcI, svwrQI, Kudgrz Aqy cODr dy Bu`Ky
lUMbVcwlW c`lx l`gy[ kyhir (b`br Syr) dy huMidAW ijnHW ny kdy isr
cu`k ky nhIN sI dyiKAw auh ig`dV grdnw au~cIAW kr ky qurn l`gy[
slqnq dI v`fI qwkq &Oj iv`c duPyV pw kMvr KVk isMG dw ivroD
krn l`gy[ iPrMgI vloN ienHW nUM rwj Bwg dy mwlk bnwaux leI
llcwieAw jw irhw sI[ auh jwxdw sI ik ieh lwlcI srdwr
ivkwaU mwl hY Aqy g`dIAW dy Bu`Ky hn[ AMgRyz nUM BlI BWq hI igAwn
sI ik is`K srdwr swfw kdy swQ nhIN dyxgy ikauNik ieh zmIr dy
p`ky hn[ ies smyN aunHW fogirAW nUM Aqy phwVIAW nUM gMiFAw[
ijMdW dw idl ienHW A`q BYVy, Koty Aqy bdkwr bMidAW ny AYsw
duKwieAw, aus dy idl dI Awvwz bwry sohx isMG sIql ilKdy hn:
h`s h`s ijnHW nwL sI qU XwrI lweI
q`k lY kMqw myirAw! aunHW kyhI inBweI
qyry bwJoN mYnUM jwpdw jgq ksweI
qKqIN hukm clwvMdI PVH jylHIN pweI
iksmq vYrwn ho geI iPry KUn iqhweI
11
AiDAwie 2
ijMdW ny is`K rwj nUM bcwaux leI GwlI Gwlxw
pMj dirAwvW dI DrqI 'pMjwb' gurU nwnk dyv jI qoN gurU goibMd
isMG jI dy bKSy AwdrSW, kIqIAW mhwn kurbwnIAW Aqy gurU dy
isMGW v`loN idKweIAW bhwdrI dIAW mhwn imswlW sdkw sUrimAW dw
dyS AKvwaux lìgAw[ aunIvIN sdI dy pihly m`D AMdr Syir-ey-
pMjwb mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG 'srkwr-ey-^wlsw' ny ie`k ivSwl is`K
rwj sQwpq kIqw[ ieh rwj sqluj dirAw qoN p`Cm v`l A&gwinsqwn
dy d`rw ^Ybr q`k &YilAw hoieAw sI[ au~qr v`l ldw^, AskrdU,
iq`bq qoN cIn q`k Aqy d`Kx v`l iSkwrpur isMD q`k ies dIAW h`dW
jw lgdIAW sn[ mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dy rwj dy ielwikAW bwry
sMn 1977 iv`c bVI idlcsp g`l hoeI[ hrpwl isMG pMnU jI ny meI
30, 2014 qoN jUn 5, 2014 dy 'pMjwb gwrfIAn' AKbwr iv`c Awpxy
lyK 'cInI ivdyS mMqrI ny jdoN vwjpweI nUM ^wlsw rwj cyqy krvwieAw'
AMdr pMnw 13-18 'qy AMikq kIqw[ 'sMn 1977 iv`c jnqw pwrtI dI
kyNdr srkwr bxI, murwrjI dysweI pRDwn mMqrI qy Atl ibhwrI
vwjpweI ivdyS mMqrI sn[ aunHW srh`dW dw mslw h`l krn leI
cIn dw sdBwvnw dOrw kIqw[ aunHW nwl gey p`qrkwrW dy v&d iv`c
rwjmohn gWDI (poqw mhwqmw gWDI) vI Swml sI[ aus ny AwpxI
ikqwb (Punjab : A History from Aurangzeb to Mountbaton) iv`c
iliKAw, glbwq dOrwn nkSw ivCw ky jd imstr vwjpweI ny iq`bq
lyh Aqy ldwK dy ielwikAW aup`r auNgl PyridAW ikhw, "ieh
ielwky swfy hn, ienHW au~pr quhwfw kbzw inzwiez hY[ qd cInI
ivdyS mMqrI ny ikhw, "nhIN! ieh ielwky mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG ny
ij`qy sn, ihMdusqwn ny nhIN[ audoN 'srkwr-ey- Kwlsw' sI qy pMjwb
v`Krw dyS sI Aqy ihMdusqwn v`Krw sI[ jdoN kdI srkwr-ey-Kwlsw
g`lbwq krygI, AsIN suxWgy, quhwfy nwl g`l nhIN ho skdI"[
mhwrwjy dy dyhWq smyN ies slqnq dw Gyrw 1 l`K 45 hzwr
murb
` w mIl dy lg Bg sI Aqy slwnw Awmdn 30 kRVo 275 hjwr rupey
sI[ kùl &Oj dI igxqI 1 l`K 23 hjwr 800 juAwn sI[ &Oj kol 384
12
v`fIAW qopW, 480 hlkIAW qopW qy 60 hzwr GoVw sI[ aus smyN Kzwny
iv`c 8 kRoV ruipAw nkd qy 80 kRoV qoN v`D dy hIry jvwhrwq Awid
sn[ ieh AMkVy ipAwrw isMG pdm dI pusqk 'sMKyp is`K ieiqhws'
dy pMnw 146 'qy drz hn[
gurU swihb ny gurbwxI dy mhW bolW rwhIN drswieAw hY ik rwj
Bwg clwaux vwLw rwjw ikho ijhw hoxw cwhIdw hY Aqy aus dw rwj
kYsw hovy?
qKq rwjw so bhY ij qKqy lwiek hoeI]
hux hukm hoAw imhrvwx dw]
pY koie n iksy r\wx dw sB suKwlI vuTIAw
ieh hoAw hlymI rwj jIau]
s`cI g`l ieh hY ik rwj Bwg, q^qo qwj Aqy slqnqW pRBU dI
bKiSS nwL hI pRwpq huMdIAW hn[ ieh bwdSwhIAW, SihnSwhIAW,
AwlmgIrIAW Aqy srdwrIAW aus dy hukm nwl hI ^qm ho jWdIAW
hn[
dwqy dy brdwn Aqy imhr sdkw rxjIq isMG ny Awpxy kwFU
idmwg, nrm id`lI Aqy im`Ty bolW nwl bKyVy,JgVy Aqy AwpsI ivroD
kwrn iKMfIAW puMfIAW is`K imslW nUM sMgTq kIqw[ muhMmd lqIP dI
pusqk 'The History of Punjab' dy pMjwbI Anuvwd pMnw 412 'qy drz
hY ik mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI Skl sUrq BwvyN bVI bwrq (ksohxI)
sI pr aus dy qOr qrIky Aqy bolx dw FMg mnmohxw sI[ pihlW ies
ny knHeIAw Aqy nkeI imslW nwL irSqydwrI gMF ky 7 julweI 1799
nUM BMgI imsl dy srdwrW qoN lwhOr Koh ky ies 'qy kbzw kIqw[ iPr
ies Sihr nUM Awpxy rwj Bwg dy pRbMD leI rwjDwnI AYlwinAw[
auprMq swrIAW is`K imslW dI SkqI nUM mwlw dy mxikAW vWg ieM\
proieAw ijs SkqI swmHxy nw koeI KVH sikAw, nw koeI AV sikAw
Aqy nw hI koeI lV sikAw[ suBwvk qOr 'qy mhwrwjy nUM srdwr hrI
isMG nlUAw, AkwlI PUlw isMG Awid vrgy inDVk, Syr idl Aqy pRBU
BYA vwly DrmI jrnYl iml gey ijnHW dI bhwdrI dI imswl dunIAW
'qy nhIN imldI[
13
ieiqhwskwrW Anuswr Syir-ey-pMjwb bhuq hI KulHy, nrm Aqy
rihm idl vwlw rwjw sI[ aus dw rwj bhuq hI inAWpUrk, idAwlqw
BrpUr, sB nUM brwbr h`k pRdwn krn vwlw, hr ie`k dI &irAwd
suxn vwlw Aqy prjw dy JgVy nptwaux vwlw sI[ ies sunihrI Aqy
sqjugI rwj AMdr aus ny sB DrmW dy lokW AMdr prspr ipAwr
dIAW glv`kVIAW AYsIAW puAweIAW ik hr koeI rwzI KuSI jIvn
bqIq krn lìgAw[ Awpxy rwj Bwg nUM suDwrn Aqy hor SkqISwlI
bnwaux leI mhwrwjy ny inpolIAn bonwprt dI &Oj iv`c syvw inBw
rhy jrnYl vYNqUrw (ieqwlvI) qy jnrl AYlwrf (PrWsIsI) nUM AwpxI
&Oj iv`c BrqI kIqw[ Asl iv`c ieh dovyN inpolIAn dy vwtrlU jMg
dI hwr ip`CoN nOkrI dI Bwl iv`c lwhOr phuMcy sn[ pr ienHW nUM ies
Srq 'qy nOkrI id`qI ik auh v&wdwrI inBwauxgy, qMmwkUnoSI nhIN
krngy, dwVHI kys nhIN kqrwauxgy Aqy gaU dw mws nhIN Kwxgy[
ienHW qoN ielwvw ieqwlvI, PrWsIsI, jrmnI, rUsI, AmrIkn,
spynI, purqgwlI qy AMgryz lg Bg 72 ivdySI mulwzm sn[ ienHW
dw vyrvw ihstorIAn pRym isMG ny AwpxI ikqwb 'bdySI kirMdy' iv`c
kIqw hY[ ieM\ rxjIq isMG dy rwj dI DWk kyvl ihMdusqwn 'c hI
nhIN blik eySIAw Aqy XUrp q`k vI peI hoeI sI[
mn iv`c gurU pRIqI hox kr ky Syir-ey-pMjwb dUjy rwijAW vWg
q^q 'qy nhIN bYiTAw[ auh prjw nUM Awpxw prvwr, dyS kOm dw
iSMgwr Aqy aunHW dI Swn-SOkq nUM mu`K r`K ky sB PYsly Aqy hukm
kursI 'qy bYT ky hI krdw sI[ aus dy bol sn ik q^q 'qy qW myrw
gurU bYTdw hY[ aus ny Awpxy rwj dw nW 'srkwr-ey-^wlsw' Aqy SwhI
drbwr dw nW 'drbwr-ey-^wlsw' rìKAw hoieAw sI[ bsqr vI
swdw pihndw sI[ aus ny is`kw vI gurU nwnk dyv dy nW 'qy 'nwnk
SwhI' nwm dw jwrI krvwieAw ijs aup`r ieh Sbd auk`ry hoey sn:
'dygo qygo Pqih nusrq bydrMg
XwPq Az nwnk gurU goibMd isMG'
kwgzI kwrvweI leI mohr 'qy 'rxjIq isMG Akwl shwie'

AMikq sI[ lokweI aus nUM 'isMG swihb' kih ky blwauNdI sI Aqy
14
'srkwr' nW nwl Xwd krdI sI[ ies dI pRoVHqw Swh muhMmd dI
ilKq vI krdI hY
jMg ihMd pMjwb dw hox lgw, dovyN pwqSwhI &OjW BwrIAW jI[
A`j hovy 'srkwr' qW mùl pwvy ijhVIAW Kwlsy ny qygW mwrIAW jI[
rxjIq isMG bhuq isAwxw, smJdwr Aqy soJIvwn rwjw sI[

prjw pRqI ies dy idl iv`c A`q dw ipAwr, hmdrdI Aqy inmrqw
sI[ ie`k vwr ies dy rwj smyN kwPI icr mINh nw pYx kwrn sB
&slW su`k geIAW Aqy BwrI kwl pY igAw[ aus smyN qkrIbn swrI
dI swrI KyqI brwnI hox kr ky bIijAw hoieAw bIj vI ikswnW dy p`ly
nw ipAw[ dwixAW dI QuV kr ky lokweI jdoN Bu`K-du`K qoN qMg huMdI
ies ny dyKI qW ie`ky dm godwmW iv`c jmHW kIqy Anwj nUM mu&q vMfx
dy hukm kr id`q[
y vMf smyN mhwrwj Awp au~Qy phuc
M ky ingrwnI krdw
sI qy kpVy vI mzdUrW vrgy pw lYNdw sI[ ieiqhwsk gwQwvW
drswauNdIAW hn ik jykr iksy bzurg qoN dwixAW dI borI cu`kI nhIN
sI jWdI qW Awp Awpxy isr 'qy cu`k ky aus dy Gr phuMcw idMdw sI[
ieM\ mhwrwjy dI idAwnqdwrI, swdgI, vwsqvk, Tu`k vwLy
Aqy gqISIl rwj pRbMD nUM BWp ky AnykW ilKwirAW ny v`fI pRsMsw
kIqI hY[ fwktr mYkgrygr jo eIst ieMfIAw kMpnI dw AiDkwrI sI
puStI krdw hY ik mhwrwjw swihb pUrb (East) dy bwdSwhW qoN ivSyS
Aqy ivl`Kx sI[ ieh hwry hoey rwijAW nwL qrs Kw ky iKmw kr
idMdw sI[ aus ny sWJIvwlqw, iBMn-Byd qoN rihq Drm inrp`K Aqy
suqMqr rwj sQwpq kIqw hoieAw sI[ jnrl jwn gorfn dy l&jW
iv`c rxjIq isMG dy pRbMD hyT Ajyhw SWqI pUrbk rwj kwiem
hoieAw, jYsw pMjwb iv`c pihlW kdy nhIN hoieAw sI[ s`Xd vhIduad
U In
Anuswr rxjIq isMG dy rwj smyN iksy nUM mOq dI szw nhIN sI hoeI[
sIqw rwm kohlI ilKdy hn ik Syir-ey-pMjwb dy rwj kwl iv`c Drm
qy kOm dw svwl kdy auqpMn nhIN sI hoieAw[ aus dI slqnq pMQ
dI slqnq sI[.... gYr is`KW leI vI aus dI Xogqw qy iv`dvqw p`KoN
rwj-drbwr dy drvwzy KulHy sn[ pRym isMG hoqI imrdwn dy SbdW iv`c
mhwrwjy dw lokW AMdr hr-mn ipAwrw hoxw ies leI sI ik auh ihMdU
muslmwn nUM auqnw ipAwr idMdw sI ijqnw is`K nUM[ KuSvMq isMG
15
AwpxI ikqwb "The Sikhs" iv`c ilKdw hY ik mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG
iv`c keI AijihAW KUbIAW sn, ijnHW ny aus nUM jnqw iv`c hrmn
ipAwrw bxw id`qw sI[ pVHy ilKy nw huMdy vI auhnW ny qzrby dI
pwTSwlw iv`coN bhuq kuJ isìKAw[..... bMdw auhI mhwn smiJAw jWdw
hY ijs dw vqIrw inmrqw, SrDw Aqy iezq mwn dI Bwvnw vwlw
hovy[ fwktr hrI rwm gupqw dI rwie hY ik rxjIq isMG dIAW
ieiqhwsk GwlxW Aqy vifAweIAW ny pMjwb nUM v`fw bxwieAw[
ipAwrw isMG pdm Anuswr rxjIq isMG Syir-ey-pMjwb, suMdr Pu`l
vWg ivgisAw qy ijs dI mihk ny ihMdusqwn iv`c hI nhIN sgoN
eySIAw qy XUrp Br iv`c is`K pMQ dI sugMDI &YlweI[ iesy qrHW bhuq
hor drSkW ny mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dy guxW bwry Awpxy ivcwr
prgt kIqy hn[
sr lYpl igRPn ilKdw hY ik mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG s`c mu`c
sMswr dy aunHW gYr mwmUlI AwdmIAW iv`coN hoieAw hY ijnHW sMswr dw
q^qw plt id`qw[ jy AMgryz nw huMdy qW auh id`lI q`k jW ies qoN vI
A`gy AwpxIAW h`dW vDwauNdw[ jOhn sI. mwrSmYn dy Sbd hn ik
eIst ieMfIAw kMpnI dI qwkq ny jy aus nUM swirAW pwisAW qoN
dbwieAw nw huMdw qW auh inrsMdyh ihMdusqwn iv`c ie`k nwmI rwj
sQwpq krdw[ ie`k hor AMgryz dI soc kihMdI hY ik jy auh cwhMudw
qW eySIAw nUM &qih kr skdw sI[ AlYgzYNfr brnz ilKdw hY ik
mYN iksy ihMdusqwnI qoN ieqnw pRBwvq nhIN hoieAw ijqnw mhwrwjw
rxjIq isMG qoN hoieAw sI[ igAwnI igAwn isMG Anuswr mhwrwjw
rxjIq isMG nUM prjw ie`k AvqwrI purS hI mMndI sI[ g`l kI
mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG sMbMDI au~pr ibAwn kIqIAW XogqwvW nUM Bws
ky iehI kihxw bxdw hY:
auh muslmwnW Aqy ihMdUAW dw sI A`KIAW dw qwrw[
is`KW dy idlW iv`c sI auh bhuq hI ipAwrw[
auh XoDw sI blkwrI bVw hI Bwrw[
aus dw rwj Bwg sI A`q dw inAwrw[
auh pMj dirAwvW dI Drq dw sI mwno cwnx munwrw[
aus ny bwhU bl nwl kIqw sI ^wlsw rwj dw v`fw pswrw[
16
is`K rwj dy pqn dy kwrn
mhWblI rxjIq isMG dI mOq ip`CoN gdwr fogry Aqy iPrMgI
ies 'qy kwbz hox leI qyzI nwl h`Q pYr mwrn l`g pey[ fogirAW
iv`coN rwjw iDAwn isMG fogrw jo ik bVw cqr, pwKMfI Aqy DoKy-bwj
sI, AwpxI pwpI kutlnIqI vrq ky Awpxy pu`qr hIrw isMG nUM rwj
Bwg dw mwlk bxwaux leI ivauNqW bxwaux lg ipAw[ Shwmq AlI
Anuswr lwhOr iv`c ieh AwieAw qW rozI rotI leI sI pr mhwrwjy
dI cwplUsI kr ky Aqy lUMbV cwlW nwl rwjy dI pdvI qy phuMc igAw
sI[ srkwr dI mOq qoN ip`CoN ies ny AslI rMg vKwey[ aus dI AOlwd
nUM BMblBUsy pw ky Aqy mwr mrweI krvw ky suAwrQI KyfH KyfHx l`g
ipAw[ hwlW ik Syir-ey-pMjwb ny ijauNdy jIA kih id`qw sI ik myry
ip`CNo v`fw pùqr kMvr KVk isMG g`dI dw h`kdwr hovg
y w[ ieiqhwskwrW
dIAW ilKqW sMkyq krdIAW hn ik mhwrwjy dw sskwr krn qoN
pihlW cwlbwz iDAwn isMG ny aus dI dyh 'qy 'gIqw' r`K ky ksm
KwDI sI ik mYN srkwr dy prvwr dw hr smyN v&wdwr rhWgw Aqy rwj
Bwg shI FMg nwL clwaux leI KVk isMG dI hr p`KoN m`dd krWgw[
ies pwKMfI ny cwr pMj vwr mhwrwjy dy bL rhy isvy iv`c Awpxy Awp
nUM ^qm krn leI Cwl mwrn dI koiSS kIqI sI[ pr koL KVHy
srdwrW ny ies nUM vrijAw Aqy bwr bwr pkiVAw[ nvqyj srnw vI
AwpxI pusqk 'jlwvqnI' dy pMnw 50 qy ilKdy hn ik dyvI gu`fW rwjw
sMswr cMd ktocIey dI DI ny iDAwn isMG dw h`Q KVk isMG dy h`Q iv`c
PVw ky aus nUM srkwr dI imRqk dyh 'qy shuM idvweI ik auh ie`kTy
iml ky swfy 'qy rwj krngy, pr ies mnhUs fogry ny AYsI lUx hrwmI
kIqI Aqy AikRqGxqw idKweI ik mhwrwjy dy prvwr Aqy is`K rwj
dw sìqAwnws kr ky r`K id`qw[ ies v`loN KyfHI KUnI KyfH A`gy ibAwn
kIqI geI hY[
fogirAW dI burCwgrdI
krnl gOrfn ilKdw hY, 'fogirAW dw suPnw ieh sI ik aunHW
dy pRvwr dw jW G`to G`t aunHW dI vD rhI AOlwd iv`coN swirAW nwloN
hoxhwr hIrw isMG hI mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI g`dI dw mwlk bxy[
muhMmd lqIP PrmwauNdw hY ik is`K &OjW iv`c iqMny fogry BrwvW (gulwb
17
isMG, mIAW iDAwn isMG Aqy sucyq isMG) dw cMgw bol bwLw sI[ 27
jUn 1839 nUM mhwrwjy dI mOq ip`CoN aus dy mUMhoN khy SbdW 'qy Pu`l
cVHwauNidAW Aqy AsUlW muqwbk rwxI rwj kOr dy pytoN jnmy v`fy pu`qr
kMvr KVk isMG nUM rwj iqlk id`qw igAw[ KVk isMG ny srdwr cyq
isMG nUM Awpxw vzIr QwipAw[ pr iDAwn isMG Aqy aus dy bMidAW
ny kuJ smyN ip`CoN rOlw pwauxw AwrMB kr id`qw ik rwjw KVk isMG bhuq
hI kmzor idl rwjw hY Aqy ieh AMgryzW dI ADIngI pRvwn kr cu`kw
hY[ aus 'qy ieh JUTw ielzwm vI lgwieAw igAw ik ieh ^jwny dy
rupey iv`coN Cy Awny aunHW nUM dyxw mMn cuìkAw hY[ hor qW hor aus dI
pqnI cMd kOr Aqy pu`qr kMvr nO inhwl nUM vI nvyN bxy mhwrwjy dy
ivru`D krn dI swijS GV id`qI[ ie`k vwr iDAwn isMG Aqy juMflI
ny KVk isMG nUM mwrn dI Xojnw bxweI pr auh isry nw cVIH[ kuJ
idnW ip`CoN 8 AkqUbr 1839 nUM ies iDAwn isMG KUnI ny cyq isMG nUM
Curw mwr ky pwr bulw id`qw[ kudrqI KVk isMG ibmwr ho igAw[
iehnW fogirAW ny mhwrwjy dI ibmwrI dw bhwnw bxw ky iqMn mhIny
auprMq aus dy pu`qr kMvr nO inhwl nUM 18 swl dI aumry rwj g`dI 'qy
ibTw id`qw[ kMvr nO inhwl kw&I PurqIlw sI Aqy CotI aumr iv`c hI
rwj pRbMD clwaux dy pUrw inpuMn sI[ KVk isMG AKIrly swhW 'qy
nzrbMd ipAw Awpxy pu`qr nUM imlx leI qrs irhw sI pr ienHW
mkwrW Aqy PrybIAW ny aus nUM imlx nw id`qw[ AwKIr KVk isMG 38
swl dI aumr Bog ky 5 nvMbr 1840 nUM sMswr qoN clw igAw[
sohx isMG sIql AwpxI pusqk 'duKIey mW-pu`q' dy pMnw 13 'qy
ilKdy hn ik KVk isMG ie`k swl 28 idn iDAwn isMG dI kYd 'c
irhw qy AMq zihr dy ky mwr id`qw[
fogry iDAwn isMG dI duStpuxy dI h`d dyKo, jd nO inhwl isMG
Awpxy bwp dw sskwr kr ky Swm vyly AkbrI drvwzy kol phuMicAw
qW igxI-im`QI swjS ADIn drvwzy dw C`jw ies au~pr igrvw
id`qw[ aus smyN nO inhwl isMG gulwb isMG dy pu`qr aUDm isMG dw h`Q
PVI Aw irhw sI[ aUDm isMG qW QW 'qy hI pRwx iqAwg igAw Aqy
nO inhwl byhoS ho igAw[ iDAwn isMG nO inhwl nUM pwlkI 'c puAw ky
iklHy AMdr lY igAw[ BweI lihxw isMG mjITIAw Aqy hor srdwrW
18
ny nwl jwxw cwihAw pr gdwr fogry ny ienHW nUM rok id`qw[ muhMmd
lqIP Anuswr mwqw cMd kOr ny iklHy dy bMd drvwzy iv`c Awpxw isr
mwr mwr ky lhU luhwx kr ilAw pr drvwjw nw KoilHAw igAw[
qkrIbn do GMty ip`CoN ^br id`qI ik nO inhwl c`l visAw hY[ ipAwrw
isMG pdm dI ilKq Anuswr mhwrwjw nO inhwl dy isr 'c msW rupey
ku ijqnw j^m sI pr iDAwn isMG ny ies nUM AMdr gupq koTVI iv`c
iljw ky isr Pyh Pyh ky mwr id`qw[ ieM\ ieh suMdr, suXog Aqy
hoxhwr nOjuAwn ijhVw 20 ku swl dw hI sI fogry ny ies dw AMq kr
id`qw[ kinMGm ilKdw hY ik mhwrwjw nO inhwl bVw lwiek Aqy
pRBwvSwlI bwdSwh sI[ jy auh ijauNdw rihMdw qW ^wlsw slqnq nUM
ielwkw isMD qy A&gwinsqwn qoN Cu`t ihMdUkuS dIAW phwVIAW qoN vI
A`gy phuMcwx dy au~cy ierwdy rKdw sI[
mwqw cMd kOr jo Awpxy pqI Aqy nOjuAwn pu`qr dy ie`ky idn
mrn dy kIrny pw rhI sI nUM iDAwn isMG ny Aw ky AwiKAw, "jykr
qUM myry pu`qr hIrw isMG nUM muqbMnw bxw ky rwj g`dI dI srpRsq bx
jwvyN qW mYN qyrI pUrI m`dd krWgw[ pr BweI gurmuK isMG Aqy imsr
bylI rwm ny ies qjvIz dI ft ky ivroDqw kIqI[ nO inhwl dI
pqnI 'nwnkI' jo Swm isMG AtwrI vwly dI DI sI dy b`cw hox vwlw
sI aus dw grB vI swjS Anuswr igrw id`qw Aqy auh vI jxypy dOrwn
mrvw id`qI[
SYqwn Aqy byeImwn fogry ny Syir-ey-pMjwb dI bMs iv`c Pu`t
pwaux leI kMvr Syr isMG nUM lwhOr bulw ilAw[ ies ny jdoN dyiKAw
ik sMDwvwlIey jo rxjIq isMG dy ^wndwn iv`coN hn Aqy cMd kOr mwqw
kMvr nO inhwl nUM rwj g`dI 'qy ibTwaux leI bizd hn qW ies ny
kMvr Syr isMG dw p`K lYxw SurU kr id`qw pr sMDwvwlIAW dy zor pwaux
'qy mwqw cMd kOr nUUM vzIr inXukq kr id`qw[ pRDwn mMqRI dI pdvI
'qy hox kr ky iDAwn isMG dy h`Q iv`c qwkq sI[ ies ny ieh zwhr
krn leI ik rwxI rwj krn dy AsmrQ hY do mhIny ip`CNo 14 jnvrI
qoN 18 jnvrI 1841 q`k &Oj iv`c DVybMdI KVHI kr ky lVweI krvw
id`qI, ijs iv`c cwr hzwr qoN v`D bMdy mwry gey[ fogrwgrdI ny rwxI
nUM 2 mhIny 9 idn ip`CoN rwj g`dI qoN lwh id`qw[ kuJ srdwrW nwL
19
imL ky &Yslw kIqw ik cMd kOr nUM jMmU kol 9 l`K dI jwgIr imlygI
Aqy gulwb isMG aus dw muKiqAwr hovygw[ ieh PYslw suxidAW rwjw
gulwb isMG lwhOr dy SwhI drbwr dw kImqI mwl 16 gìfAW 'qy l`d
Aqy pMj sO QYlIAW sony dIAW mohrW vwlIAW jMmU nUM cldw bixAw[
iesy dOrwn cMd kOr nUM aus dIAW golIAW qoN mrvw id`qw Aqy 21
jnvrI 1841 nUM Syr isMG nUM g`dI 'qy ibTw id`qw[ rwxI nUM mrvw ky
kMvr Syr isMG nUM KuS kIqw Aqy AwiKAw mYN qyry gloN blwA lwh id`qI
hY[ pr bwhr ieh ^br PYlw id`qI ik Syr isMG ny rwxI nUM mrvwieAw
hY[ ies g`l kwrn sMDwvwlIey Syr isMG dy ivruD ho gey[Asl iv`c
mhwrwxI cMd kOr nUM mrvwaux iv`c fogry iDAwn isMG Aqy aus dy Brw
gulwb isMG dw h`Q sI[ hrcMd isMG bwgVI dI Koj vI ies g`l dI
hwmI BrdI hY:
cwry dwsIAW jo phwVnW sI, ikhw aunHW nUM kol bulw ky jI[
Awso, Bwgo, bdwmo Aqy pyro, cwry sux lau kMn lgw ky jI[
cMd kOr nUM pwr bulwvxw ey, swDn koeI vI qusIN bxw ky jI[
hrcMd isMGw lwhOrNo hukm AwieAw, ienwm pwau srkwr qoN jw ky jI[
..............
pqw sB nUM rwjw iDAwn isMG ny, ikvyN ikMny sKS mukw id`qy[
vwrs Syry pMjwb dy Kqm kr ky, Awpxy rwh dy iv`coN htw id`qy[
kMvr Syr isMG ny 2 swl 7 mhIny 27 idn suhxw rwj kIqw[ pr

15 sqMbr 1843 nUM AjIq isMG sMDwvwlIey ny ies nUM Aqy ies dy 8
swlw mwsUm b`cy it`kw pRqwp isMG nUM golIAW mwr ky mwr id`qw[ ies
Kwnw jMgI sMbMDI Swh muhMmd Awpxy ik`sy iv`c ilKdw hY:
mhW blI srkwr sI pMQ iv`coN,
if`TI bVI kuc`lxI cwl mIAW[
idl Awpxy bYT ivcwr krdw,
eyQy keIAW dy hoxgy kwl mIAW[
gurmuK isMG igAwnI ny m`q id`qI,
qusW ieh ikauN jINvdw CìfAw jy[
mgroN mihr GsItw qW boilAw eI,
ieh suKn slwh dw kìFAw jy[
20
15 sqMbr 1843 nUM AjIq isMG ny sB puAwiVAW dI jVH iDAwn
isMG nUM vI golIAW mwr ky BuMn id`qw[ Agly idn 16 sqMbr nUM
igAwnI gurmuK isMG ny is`K rwj nUM nSt krwaux vwly iDAwn isMG
dy KUn dw it`kw m`Qy 'qy lgw dlIp isMG nUM rwj iqlk id`qw[ dlIp
isMG aus idn 5 swl qy 11 idn dw sI[
hIrw isMG Awpxy ipqw dI mOq sux ky bVw roh iv`c Aw igAw[
ies ny 40 hzwr &Oj lY ky iklHy qy hmlw kr id`qw[ ies hmly iv`c
sMDwvwlIAw lihxw isMG qy AjIq isMG mwry gey[ hIrw isMG ny 19
sqMbr 1843 nUM v`fw drbwr sjwieAw[ dlIp isMG dI qwjpoSI
dubwrw kr ky aus nUM mhwrwjw Aqy Awp nUM vzIr hox dw AYlwn kr
id`qw[ pr ijMdW Aqy aus dy Brw jvwhr isMG ny ies GoSxw dw ft
ky ivroD kIqw[ aunHW ikhw, hIrw isMG dw vzIr bxnw swnUM iblkul
mnjUr nhIN[ ies g`loN hIrw isMG srdwr jvwhr isMG dw duSmx bx
igAw[ ies ny &OjW iv`c ieh g`l &YlwA id`qI ik jvwhr isMG dlIp
isMG nUM AMgryzW dy h`Q PVwauxw cwhuMdw hY[
hIrw isMG ny jvwhr isMG nUM kYd kr ilAw pr rwxI ijMdW ny
Awpxw Asr rsUK vrq ky ies nUM jylH 'coN irhw krw ilAw[ ieh
hIrw isMG Awpxy bwp iDAwn isMG nwloN vI v`D bdmwS sI[ ies ny
Awpxy cwcy sucyq isMG ijhVw ik cMgw drSnI juAwn sI nUM 27 mwrc
1844 dy idn kql krvw id`qw[ ies qoN ielwvw ies ny bhuq hI
piv`qr Awqmw BweI swihb bIr isMG nOrMgwbwdI, BweI Aqr isMG
Aqy kMvr kSmIrw isMG nUM vI kql krvwieAw[ is`K &OjW iPrMgI
ivru`D bhuq iGrxw rKdIAW sn[ fogirAW ny ijs nUM vI mrvwieAw
aus iv`ruD JUTw doS mVH ky ^qm kIqw[ hIrw isMG ny bRwhmx jvwlw
shwey (pMfq j`lHw) ijhVw ies dw krIbI slwhkwr sI rwhIN ijMdW
nUM vI zihr dy ky mwrn dI koiSS kIqI pr auuh s&l nw hoieAw[ (A
History of Reigning Family of Lahore by Major G. Carnnichel Smyth,
1847, Page 127)[ ieM\ ies dI inrdeI Aqy zwlmwnw rucI nMU dyK
is`K &OjIAW ny pihlW pMfq jlHy nUM soiDAw Aqy iPr 21 dsMbr 1844
nUM hIrw isMG fogrw mwr mukwieAw jdoN ieh lwhOr drbwr dw kImqI
mwl lY ky jMmU v`l jw rhy sn[ ies auprMq jvwhr isMG vzIr
bixAw[
21
rwjw gulwb isMG (iDAwn isMG dw Brw) vI bVw kmInw Aqy
idl dw Kotw sI[ aus ny kMvr ipSorw isMG bytw rxjIq isMG nUM auNgl
lweI ik vzIrI dw h`kdwr qW qUM hYN[ ieh dlIp isMG qoN v`fw sI[
ies ny c`k iv`c Aw ky jvwhr isMG dw ivroD krnw SurU kr id`qw[
kyvl 22 ku swl dI aumr hox kr ky juAwnI tpkdI sI[ ijMdW bVI
smJdwr Aqy DIrjvwn suBwA dI sI[ ies ny Awpxy Brw jvwhr
isMG nUM ijs dw suBwA grm sI Aqy ipSOrw isMG nUM ie`k QW ibTw ky
smJwieAw ik AwpsI lVweI mwVI huMdI hY[ ies dy nqIjy BYVy huMdy
hn[ jvwhr isMG ny AwpxI BYx ijMdW nUM ikhw, "ipSOrw isMG fogirAW
dI Sih 'qy &OjW 'c BVkwht pYdw kr irhw hY Aqy dlIp isMG qoN
q^q hiQAwaux nUM iPrdw hY[ ies ny isAwlkot iv`c gdr mcw
rìKAw hY"[ so AwpxI g`dI nUM kwiem r`Kx leI jvwhr isMG ny
ipSOrw isMG nUM ^qm krwaux leI ivauNq bxweI[ dUjy pwsy ipSOrw
isMG ny jvwhr isMG 'qy mwVy cwl cln dy ielzwm lwauxy SurU kr
id`qy[ nvqyj isMG srnw ilKdy hn ik ipSOrw isMG kihx l`g ipAw,
"myrI qlvwr hux imAwn 'c audoN hI peygI jd ies ny jvwhr isMG
dw KUn pI ilAw[" (jlwvqnI pMnw 100)[ AYsy hwlwq dyK jvwhr
isMG ny 30 Agsq 1845 nUM ipSOrw isMG dw AMq krvw id`qw[ ipSOrw
isMG dy mrn auprMq Syir-ey-pMjwb dy pu`qrW iv`coN kyvl kMvr dlIp
isMG hI ijauNdw sI[ kMvr qwrw isMG qW ibmwr hox kwrn cVHweI kr
igAw sI jd ik mulqwnw isMG mwVy hwlwq q`k cu`p-cpIqy Bys bdl
ky kwbl cilAw igAw sI[ jdoN &Oj nUM ipSOrw isMG nUM mwrn dI ^br
imlI qW &Oj jvwhr isMG dy ivru`D ho geI[ fogry iprQI isMG ny ies
sMbMDI A`g 'qy qyl pwaux vwlw kMm kIqw[ ies BVkwht qy glq
&ihmI nUM dUr krn leI mhwrwjw dlIp isMG, rwxI ijMdW qy jvwhr
isMG hwQI 'qy bYT &OjI srdwrW kol gey[ pr aunHW koeI g`l suxn qoN
ibnw dlIp isMG nUM D`ky nwL cu`k ilAw[ krm isMG ihstorIAn dI
ieiqhwsk Koj drswauNdI hY jo aus nUM mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dy
ArdlI nrYx isMG qoN imlI[ auh ibAwn krdy hn ik jvwhr isMG
ny ikhw, "^wlsw jI! mYN gaU hW, mYnUM bKSo[ mYN ie`k ie`k ispwhI nUM
buqkI (sunihrI mohr) Aqy ie`k ie`k A&sr nUM sony dw kMTw idAWgw[
jy hor AwKoN qW mYN qIrQW nUM cilAw jWdw hW, KwlI h`QIN[ ijs nUM jI
22
kry vzIr bxwau[ ikvyN mYnUM b^S idau[ pr suxy kOx? AMq mIAW
jvwhr isMG fogry Aqy mIAW iprQI isMG fogry ny ipSOrw isMG dy
mrn qy 21 idn ip`CoN srdwr jvwhr isMG nUM kql krw id`qw[ Swh
muhMmd aus smyN dy hwlwq ieM\ vrnx krdw hY:
ip`Cy ie`k srkwr dy Kyf ivclI,
peI in`q huMdI mwro mwr mIAW[
isMGW mwr srdwrW dw nwS kIqw,
sBo kql hoey vwro vwr mIAW[
isr &Oj dy irhw nw koeI kuMfw,
hoey Suqr ijau bwJ muhwr mIAW[
Swh muhMmdw iPrn srdwr lukdy[
BUq mMflI hoeI iqAwr mIAW[
ijMdW ny vI bVy vwsqy pwey ik myry BweI nUM nw mwro, "ieh quhwfy
kol jwck bx ky AwieAw hY, lVn nhIN AwieAw"[ aus ny Awpxy mry
pey Brw 'qy gu`sw zwhr kridAW AYsy vYx pwey ijnHW nUM Swh muhMmd ny
Awpxy iks`y 'c ieM\ AMikq kIqw:
ijnHW mwirAw koh ky vIr myrw,
mYN qW KuhwauNgI aunHW dI juMfIAW nI[
DwkW jwx vlwieqI dyS swry,
pwvW b`kry vWg vMfIAW nI[
cUVy lihxgy bhuq suhwgxW dy,
n`Q cONk qy vwLIAW fMfIAW nI[
Swh muhMmdw pYxgy vYx fUMGy.
jdoN hox pMjwbxW rMfIAW nI[
nvqyj srnw ny AwpxI pusqk jlwvqnI dy pMnw 109 'qy

iliKAw hY, 'kihMdy ny do cIzW qbwhI ilAw skdIAW hn-AOrq dI
zubwn qy ASWq sYnw[ lwhOr dovW dy srwp dw mwirAw sI[ idn rwq
ijMdW bdly dy hMJU pINdI'[
ieh g`l qW TIk hY ik zubwn 'co inkly mwVy jW kOVy bol K`jl-
KuAwrI dw kwrn bx jWdy hn pr kyvl AOrq dy hI nhIN bMdy dy vI[
23
Awm khwvq vI hY 'qlvwr dy P`t imt jWdy hn , mwVy bolW dy nhIN
imtdy'[ mhwrwxI ijMdW ny Awpxy Brw dy kql hox 'qy bdlw laU
Bwvnw vwly iP`ky Sbd zrUr boly hoxgy, ijvyN ik keI ieiqhwskwrW ny
iliKAw hY[ BYxW nUM Brw A`q ipAwry hud
M y hn[ gùsy iv`c Aw ky ienswn
Abw qbw bol idMdw hY[ pr ijMdW ny nw qW iksy srdwr nUM mrvwieAw
Aqy nw hI is`K rwj AMgryzW dy hvwly kIqw[ Syir-ey-pMjwb dI mOq
vyly ijMdW kyvl 22 vrS dI sI[ kuJ srdwrW ny ies nUM hor ivAwh
krwaux dI slwh id`qI pr ies ny Tukrw id`qI[ jykr iPrMgI dI
ies ny QoVHI bhuq vI m`dd kIqI huMdI qW ieh koeI cMgw Ahudw pRwpq
kr ky su`KW BirAw AYS vwlw jIvn bqIq kr skdI sI[ ies ny qW
hr smyN iPrMgI dw ivroD kIqw ijs kwrn jIvn iv`c BwrI du`KVy
shwry[ jykr is`K rwj dI hwnI krweI qW auh gdwr fogirAW ny[
qyjw isMG vrgy srdwrW nUM AMgryzW ny rwjy dw i^qwb id`qw sI[
ij`Qy q`k ASWq sYnw dy srwp vjoN is`K rwj jwx dI g`l hY, aus
ASWqI leI vI gdwr zuMmyvwr sn[ kyvl ASWq &Oj hI nhIN hr ie`k
ASWq cIz hwnI dw kwrn bxdI hY[ is`K &OjIAW ny qW is`K rwj nUM
bcwaux leI AwpxIAW jwnW vwr id`qIAW[ is`K rwj nUM Ku`sx leI
&Oj nUM doSI nhIN TihrwieAw jw skdw[
is`K rwj hiQAwaux leI iPrMgI vloN

Pu`t pwaU nIqI Apnwauxw
eIst ieMfIAw kMpnI ijs nUM gYr rsmI qOr qy jOhn kMpnI vI
kihMdy sn, ie`k vpwrk kMpnI sI[ ieh 31 dsMbr sMn 1600 nUM hoNd
iv`c AweI sI qy ies dw mu`K d&qr lMfn (ieMglYNf) iv`c sI[ Bwrq
iv`c ies ny 1757 iv`c vpwr krn leI pYr pwey[ aus smyN A`DI
dunIAW iv`c ies dw vpwr c`l irhw sI[ 'A`g lYx AweI qy Gr vwlI
bx geI' dI khwvq dI qrHW goirAW dI ies kMpnI ny AwpxI in`jI
&Oj nwl 30 swlW iv`c swry Bwrq nUM sqluj dirAw q`k AwpxI
gulwmI dIAW jMzIrW iv`c jkV ilAw[ kMpnI dI qwkq nUM q`k sMn
1808 iv`c sqluj pwr dy rwijAW, reIsW qy pRBwvSwlI hsqIAW ny
smwxy ivKy v`fw iek`T kr ky iPrMgI hyT Aw jwx dw &Yslw kIqw[
24
Syir-ey-pMjwb ny Ajy nvW nvW rwj sQwpq kIqw sI[ smwxy ivKy
kIqy PYsly nwL mhwrwjy nUM gihrw du`K hoieAw[ mhwrwjy ny AwpxI
kwblIAq Aqy hukmrwnI pRbInqw vrq ky 25 ApRl Y 1809 nUM AMgryzW
dy pRqIinD imstr imtkwP nwl g`lbwq kr ky dohW hkUmqW dI h`d
bMdI sMbMDI ie`k Aihdnwmw iqAwr kIqw[ ies Aihdnwmy Anuswr
dosqI dy nwqy dovyN srkwrW nUM sB SrqW mnzUr hn Aqy koeI vI ies
dI aulMGnw nhIN krygw[ pr myjr sim`Q AwpxI pusqk "A History
of Reigning Family of Lahore' iv`c ilKdw hY, 'jy 1809 dw Aihdnwmw
dohW hkUmqW dy drimAwn sI qW is`Dw svwl ieh hY ik dosqI dy nymW
nUM pihlW iks ny qoiVAw? myrI p`kI rwie ieh hY ik pihl AsW
kIqI[ iPrMgI mhwrwjy dI s&lqw nUM q`k bVy duKI Aqy idlgIr sn[
sMn 1828 iv`c kMpnI ny s`Xd Aihmd bryvlI nUM kwPI Dn dy ky jhwd
dy nW qy gVvVI krn leI ByijAw pr ^wlseI &Oj dy swhmxy ies
dI koeI pyS nw geI[ dubwrw 1830-31 iv`c iPr ies ny CyVKwnI
krn dI koiSS kIqI Aqy muzbrwbwd dy iklHy iv`c isMGW ny ies nUM
mwr mukwieAw[ sMn 1831 iv`c brqwnIAW hkUmq dw ie`k rwjnIiqk
eyjMt AlYgzNYfr brnz isMD dy rsqy Syir-ey-pMjwb nUM kImqI qohPy
lY ky imiLAw[ ies imlxI dw mu`K mnorQ isMD dy ielwky dI jwxkwrI
lYxw Aqy is`K drbwr dw Byq lYxw sI[ 26 AkqUbr 1831 nUM hI SYqwn
gvrnr jnrl ivlIAm bYNitk ny ropV dy AsQwn 'qy dohW hkUmqW
drimAwn prspr ipAwr qy dosqI pikAwaux leI sMDInwmw kIqw[
bYNitk ny jo p`qr mhwrwjy nUM id`qw aus dy muFly Sbd sn:
"The interview of Rooper was no doubt intended to cement
more strongly the union of the two powers...."
Bwv ies iv`c koeI S`k nhIN ik ropV dI imlxI ny do qwkqW
dI im`qRqw nUM vDyry pìkAW kIqw hY....[ iesy qrHW mhwrwjw v`loN jo
KrVw ilKqI rUp 'c bYNitk nUM id`qw aus dy Sbd sn:
"The friends and enemies of the one should be considered the
friends and enemies of the other...."
25
Bwv swnUM vYr Bwvnw Bulw ky AwpsI im`qRqw gMMFxI cwhIdI hY[
ArQwq imqR dw vYrI nhIN bxnw cwhIdw pr bYNitk ny smJOqy iv`c
ieh Sbd (ik AsIN imqR nwl DRoh nhIN krWgy) nhIN pwey sn ijs
kwrn hrI isMG nlUAw ny qy hor srdwrW ny smJOqy nUM Tukrw id`qw sI[
mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI mOq auprMq iPrMgI ny is`K rwj nUM
Fwh lwaux leI A&gwinsqwn dy AmIrW bhwvlpur dy nvwb Aqy
mwlvy dy rwijAW nUM bgwvq leI aukswieAw[ ihMd dw gvrnr
jnrl AYln bro AkqUbr 1841 iv`c hI ifaUk Aw& vilMgtn qoN
pu`Cdw hY, "mYnUM slwh id`qI jwvy ik pMjwb au~qy h`lw krn dw sB qoN
cMgw qrIkw ikhVw hY?"
lwhOr drbwr dy KUnI kqlW sMbMDI 'ibRitS Aw& ieMfIAw' p`qr
ny dsMbr 1843 dy prcy iv`c Awlocnw kridAW iliKAw sI, "swfy
pws ies g`l dw sbUq qW koeI nhIN ik rxjIq isMG dI mOq ip`CoN jo
kql hoey hn, auh kMpnI dy ieSwry nwl hoey hn.... pr AsIN ieh
zrUr khWgy ik swnUM ienHW iv`coN bU zrUr AwauNdI hY (pMjwb au~qy AMgRyzW
dw kbzw, (gMfw isMG pMnw 58).
julweI 1844 nUM AYln bro dI QW 'qy hYnrI hwrifMg (tuMfy lwt)
gvrnr jnrl bx ky AwieAw[ ies dI ie`k bWh k`tI hox kr ky
lok ies nUM tuMfw lwt kihx l`g pey[ ies ny myjr brwfPu`t dI ^ws
ifaUtI lgweI ik lwhOr drbwr iv`c aucyrI Pu`t pwaux dy auprwly
kry[ brwfPu`t ies kMm leI rwjw nwBw dy mqYihq kyfw isMG nUM
imilAw pr aus ny nWh kr id`qI[ mhwrwjy dy sMswr qoN cly jwx
auprMq jnrl vYNqUrw Aqy ies dy swQI AMgryz A&sr vI Pu`t pwaux
iv`c ip`Cy nhIN rhy[ AijhI m`dd krn kr ky eIst ieMfIAw kMpnI
ny vYNqUrw nUM cMgy Ahudy 'qy ibrwjmwn kr id`qw sI[ jrnl AYlwrf
PrWs dy bwdSwh dw s&Ir bx igAw sI[ Bwv iPrMgIAW ny bVI BwrI
lUx hrwmI kIqI[ mhwrwjy ny qW ienHW nUM &Oj iv`c BrqI krn qoN
pihlW v&wdwrI inBwaux dw pRx prp`k krwieAw sI pr ienHW
A&srW ny DoKw id`qw[ Awm krky dyiKAw igAw hY ik ib`lIAW A`KW
vwlw bMdw vDyry cqr huMdw hY[ aus 'qy Brosw nhIN kIqw jw skdw[
AYsw hI phwVIAW bwry AwiKAw jWdw hY[ AMgryz A&srW dIAW A`KW
26
ib`lIAW sn Aqy fogry phwVIey sn[ vYsy vI ieh lok pQrIlI DrqI
dy vsnIk hox kwrx p`Qr idl sn[ gulwb isMG fogry ny sOdybwjI
leI iPrMgI nwL ic`TIAW rwhIN gMF-qup krnI SurU kr id`qI[ Bwv
Gr dw ByqI lMkw Fwhux vwLI g`l ho geI sI[
pMjwb Aqy ihMd dI jMg

(pihlI AYNglo is`K vwr)
srdwr jvwhr isMG dy kql ip`CoN koeI vI srdwr vzIr bxn
leI iqAwr nhIN sI[ rwjw gulwb isMG Aqy bc gey isr k`Fdy
srdwrW ny nWh kr id`qI[ AYsI hwlq dyK bhwdr, dlyr Aqy hoxhwr
mhwrwxI ijMdW ny mhwrwjw dlIp isMG dI srpRsq (Regent) bx ky
rwj Bwg dI vwg for sMBwl leI[ lwhOr drbwr dw kMm-kwj clwaux
leI ies ny dIvwn dInw nwQ, BweI rwm isMG, imsr lwl isMG,
&kIr AzIzudIn Awid dI sBw bxweI[ nvMbr 1845 iv`c imsr
lwl isMG nUM vzIr qy imsr qyjw isMG nUM ^wlsw &Oj dw sYnwpqI
bxwieAw[
lwl isMG qy qyjw isMG ny ijMdW nUM pry htw ky rwj Bwg dI SkqI
Awpxy h`QW iv`c krn leI AMgryzI srkwr nwl sbMD kwiem kr
ley[
ienHW gdwrW ny ie`k Swm nUM mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI smwD 'qy
&OjW iek`qr kr ky AMgryz nwL jMg krn leI BVkwieAw ikauNik
ieh AMdrKwqy AMgryzW nwL rly hoey sn[ ienHW iPrMgI nUM slwh id`qI
ik KwnwjMgI kr ky hux ^wlsw &Oj dw koeI vwlI vwrs nhIN, aus iv`c
quhwfy nwl t`kr lYx dw dm nhIN , mhwrwjw bwlk hY, aus dI
srpRsq qW ie`k znwnI hY Aqy AsIN quhwfI m`dd krWgy[ dUjy pwsy
mhwrwxI ijMdW Aqy srdwr Swm isMG AtwrI jMg CyVn dy ivru`D sn[
Bwv ieh jwxdy sn ik ^wlsw &Oj gurbwxI dy ies isDWq :
sUrw so pihcwnIAY ju lrY dIn ky hyq]
purjw purjw kit mrY kbhu n CwfY Kyqu[(ññúõ)
27
'qy 'jMgy mYdwn 'c jUJygI pr gdwrW dI nmk hrwmI kwrn &Oj AMdr
iekjutqw qy ieksurqw pUrI nhIN hY[ pr ieh gdwr nw tLy Aqy 17
nvMbr 1845 nUM AMgryzW iv`ruD jMg dw ibgl vjw id`qw[ ienHW 30
hzwr ^wlsw &Oj sqluj qoN pwr ilAw ky PqyHgVH (sBrw) iv`c
morcwbMdI krw id`qI[ &Irozpur ie`QoN kyvl 20 mIl sI Aqy ies
CwauxI iv`c AMgryz POj dI igxqI qkrIbn s`q hzwr hI sI[ pr
tukVboc imsr qyjw isMG ^wlsw &Oj nUM luiDAwxy vl lY AwieAw[
ipAwrw isMG pdm ilKdy hn 'ieh is`K &Oj nUM qbwh krn dy iKAwl
nwL ieDr ilAwieAw sI[ DrmI POj &Irozpur ivKy iPrMgI nwl
twkrw krnw cwhuMdI sI pr qyjw isMG ny ikhw, "AwpW is`Dw gvrnr
jnrl nwL t`kr lvWgy[" ieh AMgryz dI KuSiksmqI sI ik is`KW
&Irojpur 'qy Dwvw nw boilAw[ jy koeI ies smyN eImwndwr dyS pRymI
hrI isMG nlUey vrgw jrnYl AgvweI kr irhw huMdw qW iPrMgI nUM
&Irozpur Aqy luiDAwixau k`F ky id`lI vl D`k dyNdw[ Swh muhmd dy
vI bol hn:
clI sB pMjwb dI bwdSwhI,
nhIN dlW dw AMq sumwr mIAW[
Swh muhMmdw iksy nw Atkxw eI,
isMG rihxgy id`lI nUM mwr mIAW[
lwl isMG ny kpqwn inklsn nUM p`qr iv`c iliKAw, "mYN is`K
&Oj smyq dirAw pwr kr ilAw hY[ quhwnUM myrI dosqI dw pqw hI hY[
hukm kro, hux mYN kI krW?" inklsn ny jvwb iv`c ikhw, "jy qusIN
AMgryzW dy im`qr hoN qW &Irojpur 'qy hmlw nw krnw, ijMnI dyr ho
skdI hY kro qy AwpxI &Oj gvrnr jnrl vl lY Awau["luflo dy
Sbd vI drswauNdy hn, "jy aus smyN swfy 'qy hmlw ho jWdw qW swfI
swrI &Oj nSt ho jwxI sI ikauNik swfI iqAwrI nWh vrgI sI"[
mudkI dI jMg
18 dsMbr 1845 nUM mudkI dy AsQwn 'qy ij`Qy pwxI nwl BrI
Fwb sI[ is`KW Aqy AMgryzW ivckwr t`kr hoeI[ lwrf hwrifMg dI
iqAwr br iqAwr sYnw ny isMGW 'qy bVw zordwr hmlw kIqw pr lohy
28
dI dIvwr bx AVy isMGW dy vwr A`gy ieh KVH nw sky[ isMGW ny bIr
rsI joS iv`c Aw ky iPrMgI 'qy AYsw hmlw kIqw ik aus dy hoS au~f
gey[ auh jwnW bcwaux leI dOVn l`gy[ ieh dyK gdwr lwl isMG
AwpxI 4000 fogrw &Oj lY ky mYdwn 'coN dOV igAw[ ies nUM dyK knH̀Xw
lwl, AjuìDAw pRswd qy Amr nwQ vI iq`qr ho gey[ bwkI dI rihMdI
6-7 hzwr &Oj nUM lVidAW dyK AMgryz A&sr hYrwn prySwn sn[
gdwrW ny Gr dw ByqI lMkw Fwhux vwLI g`l kIqI ijs kwrn lVidAW
lVidAW is`KW dw BwrI jwnI nukswn hoieAw[
PyrU Sihr dI jMg

ies qoN A`gy jMg dw mYdwn PyrU Sihr bx igAw[ 21 dsMbr nUM
Swm smyN dohW dlW ivckwr KUn folHvIN lVweI hoeI[ hYrI sim`Q dI
&OjI tukVI isMGW 'qy AsmwnI ibjlI vWg if`gI Aqy aus ny 6 qopW
Koh leIAW[ pr mwnWvwlIAW dIAW pltnW ny jYkwirAW dI gUMj nwL
hVH vWg Aw rhI iPrMgI dI &Oj 'qy AYsw Dwvw boilAw ik KusIAW
hoeIAW 6 qopW Koh leIAW Aqy AYsw kurlwht mìcAw ik auh ip`Cy
nUM B`j inkly[ is`K ispwhIAW dI soc bwry kinMGm ilKdw hY, "hr
is`K ies kwrj nUM Awpxw smJdw sI[ aunHW iv`c bhuqy KyqI dw kMm
krn vwly sn[ ies dy mukwbly 'qy AMgryz &Oz qy ihMdusqwnI ispwhI
kyvl pYsy ^wqr lV rhy sn["
iPrMgI dI &Oj vwLy Srwb 'c Dùq ho ky lV rhy sn jd ik ^wlsy
gur aupdyS nUM mu`K r`K pRBU nwm dy nSy iv`c AwpxI is`KI dI Awn Swn
^wqr twkrw kr rhy sn[ Swh muhmMd ny Srwb sMbMDI kyvl goirAW
dw izkr kIqw hY is`KW bwry nhIN AMikq kIqw:
dwrU vMifAw sUirAw jMgIAW nUM,
do do boqlW kY& Kumwr mIAW[
Swh muhMmdw pI Srwb gory,
hoey jMg nUM qurq iqAwr mIAW[
ies jMg iv`c kyvl gory ispwhI hI nhIN sn[ ihMdusqwn dy

pUrbI Aqy d`KxI ielwikAW dy ispwhI vI Swml sn[ ies leI Swh
muhMmd ny Awpxy ik`sy dw nW 'jMg nwmw-ihMd pMjwb' iliKAw hY, lwrf
29
hwrifMg tuMfy lwt &Oj dw jrnYl sI[ AwpxI hwr nUM dyKdy hoey aus
ny AwpxI &Oj nUM hukm kIqw:
hukm lwt kIqw lSkr Awpxy nUM, qusW lwj AMgryz dI r`KxI jI[
isMGW mwr ky ktk mukwie id`qy,ihMdusqwnI qy pUrbI d`KxI jI[
nMdn twpUAW iv`c kurlwt hoeI, kursI cwr hzwr hY s`KxI jI[
Swh muhMmdw lwt hux kihx l`gw, r`q isMG ispwhI dI c`KxI jI[
gurU goibMd isMG jI dw ^wlsw jo bwjW dI inAweIN hY aus dw

mukwblw ic`VIAW ikvyN kr skdIAW hn? is`K &Oj ny AMgryzW dw mUMh
BMn id`qw[ kYptn lmlI ny Awpxy rswly dy bcy hoey juAwnW nUM
&Irozpur vl dOV jwx dw hukm id`qw[ gvrnr jnrl ny Awpxy pùqr
qy pRweIvyt sk`qr nUM AwpxI npolIAn bonwpwrt vwLI qlvwr, jo
aus nUM fIaUk AwP vilMgtn v`loN qohPy dy qOr 'qy imlI sI Aqy jMg
dy kwgz p`qr dy ky AMbwly vl jwx dw hukm id`qw[ krnl jI.bI.
mYlIsn ilKdw hY, "aus smyN AMgryzI &Oj iv`c hPVw-d&VI m`c geI
sI[ ie`k kmwn A&sr dy mUMhoN ' Bwrq igAw' dy Sbd inkly[ pr
gdwr qyjw isMG qy lwl isMG ieh kih ky is`K &Oj nUM vwps lY gey ik
AwpW ij`q gey hW[ Swh muhMmd Anuswr AMgRyzW dy Xwr Aqy isMGW dy
duSmx phwVw isMG ny dOVy jWdy AMgryzW nUM jw dìsAw ik ^wlsw qW
mYdwn coN hrn ho igAw hY qusIN vwps muVo Aqy jw rhI is`K &Oj 'qy
hmlw kro[ BwvyN ies jMg dI khwxI bVI lMbI hY pr ie`Qy tUk mwqR
hI iliKAw igAw hY ikauNik ieh pusqk mu`K qOr 'qy ijMdW dy sMbMD 'c
hI hY[ is`K ieh jMg gdwrW dy kIqy DoKy kwrn hwr gey[ ivlIAm
AYfvrfz ilKdw hY, "jykr is`K AgWh nUM vD AwauNdy qW nqIjw
swfI qbwhI sI ikauNik XUrpIAn rjmYNtW dI n&rI bhuq G`t rih
geI sI Aqy swfy qopKwny dw brUd vI ^qm ho cuikAw sI"[
ijauN hI rwxI ijMdW nUM mudkI Aqy PyrU Sihr dIAW jMgW iv`c
gdwrW dI gdwrI kwrn is`K &OjW dI hwr dw pqw lìgAw qW aus ny
10 GoV svwrW h`Q gurU dy sUr,y bwxI dy nUry Aqy bcnw dy pUry mhwn is`K
jrnYl srdwr Swm isMG AtwrI vwly nUM ruVyH jWdy is`K rwj nUM bcwaux
leI bVw hI ihrdyvydk p`qr ByijAw [ ijs dy bolW nUM sohx isMG
sIql ny ieM\ aukirAw hY[
30
ic`TI ilKI mhwrwxI ny Swm isMG nUM,
bYT irhoN kI ic`q iv`c Dwr isMGw[
dovyN jMg mudkI, PyrU Sihr vwly,
isMG Awey AMgRyzW qo hwr isMGw[
kwhnUM hwrdy ikauN imhxy j`g idMdw,
ijauNdI huMdI jy A`j srkwr isMGw?
qyg isMGW dI qW KuMFI nhIN hoeI,
AYpr Awpxy ho gey gdwr isMGw[
hux vI cmkI nw jy isMGw qyg qyrI,
qW iPr swry inSwn imtwey jwsn[
k`lH nUM gYrW dy JMfy Julwey jwsn[
pu`t Syry-pMjwb dI mVHI qweIN[
auhdy pYrW iv`c Pu`l rulwey jwsn,
bdlI ijnHy qkdIr pMjwb dI sI,
auhdI Awqmw nUM qIr lwey jwsn[
Ajy smW eI vkq sMBwl isMGw,
ruVHI jWdI pMjwb dI Swn r`K lY[
lihMdI id`sy rxjIq dI p`g mYnUM,
moey imqR dI XoiDAw Awn r`K lY[
mhwrwxI dw p`qr dyK dy swr hI 71 swlw XoDy srdwr Swm isMG

AtwrI pu`qr srdwr inhwl isMG poqw srdwr gOr isMG dIAW A`KW
'c lwlI Aw geI Aqy fOly Prkx l`gy[ cMgw GOV dOVwk Aqy svwr,
qIr AMdwz Aqy qyg dw DnI hox kr ky mulqwn dIAW lVweIAW iv`c
sUrmgqI idKwaux kr ky mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG ny ies nUM 12 mwrc
1816 nUM 'hIirAW jVq AMgUTI' bKSI sI[ ienHW dw prvwr pihlW
jYslmyr rihMdw sI[ iPr ieh PUl mihrwj dy ipMf Aw vsy[ kuJ
icr mgroN kwauNky ipMf nzdIk jgrwauN rihx l`gy[ ies ip`CoN
AMimRqsr iv`Ky 3 mMjlw mkwn auswirAw jo AtwrI nwm nwl pRis`D
ho igAw[ A`j klH Bwrq-pwiksqwn dI h`d 'qy AtwrI vwLw bwrfr
dunIAW dy nkSy 'qy hY[
31
28 dsMbr 1845 nUM srdwr Swm isMG pMQ dw svYmwn Awn qy
Swn brkrwr r`Kx leI sIs qlI 'qy r`K ky sqluj kMFy is`K &Oj 'c
Aw Swml hoieAw[ isMGW ny 6 jnvrI 1846 nUM byVIAW dw pul iqAwr
kr ky sqluj dirAw pwr kIqw[ srdwr AjIq isMG lwfovwlIey
nwL iml ky srdwr rxjoD isMG ny 17 jnvrI nUM bdovwl dw iklHw
sr kr ilAw Aqy luiDAwxy dI AMgRyz CwauxI dw vI kuJ ih`sw swV
id`qw[ 21 jnvrI 1846 nUM is``K &Oj dI hYnrI sim`Q dy ispwh-
slwrW nwL t`kr hoeI Aqy aunHW dy dMd K`ty kIqy[ 28 jnvrI 1846
nUM AwlIvwl dy mukwm 'qy dohW &OjW dI BwrI t`kr hoeI[ BwvyN rxjoD
isMG mYdwn 'coN dOV igAw pr jnrl sim`Q Anuswr isMG AYsI
mrdwngI nwl jUJy jo ilKx qoN bwhrlI g`l hY[
isMGW dI bhwdrI
gurU goibMd isMG jI dy bcnw Anuswr gurU dw ^wlsw prmwqmw
dI mOz nwL prgt hoieAw hY Aqy doKIAW, duStW qy pwpIAW dI
suDweI leI ieh mwno prmwqmw dI &Oj hY[ ^wlsy dI swznw smyN gurU
swihb ny pMj is`KW pwsoN pihlW aunHW qoN sIs ikrpwn dI ByNt krwey
ijnHW nUM 'pMj ipAwirAW' nwl Xwd kIqw jWdw hY[ iPr gurU nwnk dyv
jI dw ie`k r`b 'qy Brosw r`Kx dw aupdyS idRV krwieAw[ KMfy,
gurbwxI Aqy pwxI nwL iqAwr kIqy AMimRq dy Gu`t iplw ky ^wlsy nUM
AYsw inrBY, infr Aqy inrml bxw id`qw ik auh hr smyN mOq nUM mKOl
krdw hY[
s`Xd gulwm jIlwnI mulqwn dI jMg jo 1818 iv`c hoeI AMdr
isMGW dI lwswnI kurbwnI bwry ilKdw hY ik myrIAW A`KW swmHxy qop
dw phIAW tu`tx 'qy vwrI vwrI isMG aus hyT moFw idMdy qy c`l rhy
goilAW dy nwl hI mr imt jWdy sn[ iksy ny vI jwn dI pRvwh nhIN
kIqI[ auh A`gy ilKdw hY ik ienHW isMGW AMdr kOmI pRym qy kurbwnI
dw cwA dyK myry mn AMdr vI ieM\ mr imtx dw cwA ciVHAw pr
mYN Aijhw krn qoN ies leI ht igAw ik isMGW dI AYsI kurbwnI
ilKx qoN ibnW sMswrIAW nUM ikvyN pqw l`gygw[
32
jnrl sim`Q AlIvwl ivKy 28 jnvrI 1846 nUM hoeI jMg dI
ie`k AnoKI Gtnw ibAwn krdw ilKdw hY, "ie`k isMG iek`lw hI qop
nwL goilAW dw mINh vrswauNdw irhw, aus nUM bQyrw AwiKAw ik auh
dOV jwey pr aus ny Aijhw krnw svIkwr nw kIqw qy ShId ho
igAw"[ iesy qrHW kpqwn hMbly Awpxy roznwmy iv`c is`KW dI bhwdrI
bwry ilKdw hY, "is`K ipAwdw ispwhI swfy &OjI dy Bwly dI cot Awpxy
srIr 'qy KWdw pr aus iv`c ieqnw bl qy hOslw dyiKAw ik cuBy hoey
Bwly dI nok nUM iK`cH ky bwhr k`Fx qoN pihlW hI swfy svwr dw isr
AwpxI qlvwr nwL aufw idMdw[ kwrx ieh sI ik auh gory svwr nUM
imAwn iv`coN qyg k`Fx dw mOkw hI nhIN sI idMdw[
gdwrW dI gdwrI, iPrMgI dI srdwrI

sBrwvWN dI jMg smyN is`K &Oz dI kmwn duSt iqgVI dy h`Q
iv`c sI[ qyjw isMG (pRDwn sYnwpqI) pUrbIAw sI, lwl isMG (vzIr)
ruhqws lwgy sMGoeI dw bRwhmx Aqy gulwb isMG (AwrjI pRDwn mMqRI)
fogrw sI[ ^wlsw &OjW dw sBrwvW dI jMg pRqI mu`K mMqv iPrMgI nUM
pMjwb dI DrqI 'qy kwbz nw hox dyxw sI[ AMgryz is`K &Oj nwl hor
lVweI krn leI iqAwr nhIN sn ikauNik pihlIAW cwr jMgW 'c auh
is`KW dw h`Q dyK cu`ky sn[ ieiqhwsk q`Q drswauNdy hn ik gvrnr
jrnl lwrf hwrifMg ny qyjw isMG nwl rwbqw kwiem kIqw[ aus ny
gulwb isMG jo aus smyN jMmU kSmIr dy ielwky dw gvrnr sI nUM ikhw,
"AsIN lVweI dy h`k iv`c nhIN hW[ qUM is`KW nUM eIn mMnx leI mnw
lY AsIN qYnUM jMmU kSmIr dy ielwky p`ky qOr qy sMBwl idAWgy"[ ies
ny ikhw, "is`K kdy vI eIn nhIN mMnxgy Aqy nw hI quhwnUM pMjwb dI
DrqI 'qy pYr r`Kx dyxgy"[ rwjw gulwb isMG nwL hwrifMg ny jo gupq
smJOqw kIqw aus iv`c SrqW ieh sn:
1) is`KW dIAW &OjW 'qy AMgRyzI &OjW hmlw krngIAW[
2) hwrI hoeI is`K &Oj nUM auhnW dI AwpxI srkwr vI Apnwaux
qoN ienkwr krygI[
3) sqluj dy rsqy lwhOr-pu`jx iv`c AMgryzW nUM koeI rukwvt nhIN
AweygI qy lwhOr vl jWdI sVk AMgryzW leI KwlI C`fI
jwvygI[
33
kYptn jy.fI. kinMGm ny AwpxI ikqwb 'ihstrI Aw& isKs
(History of Sikhs) iv`c ies gupq smJOqy dw Kulwsw kIqw sI[ ieh
Byq KolHx 'qy aus nUM BwrI szw id`qI geI, nOkrI qoN kìFAw igAw ijs
gm kwrn auh AMbwlw CwauxI ivKy mr igAw[
fwktr ikrpwl isMG 1964 iv`c jdoN ieMglYNf gey qW auh myjr
Swrt dI shwieqw nwl pYsnhwrt phuMcy ij`Qy lwrf hwrifMg dw
Grwxw rihMdw hY[ vwiesrwey sr hYnrI hwrifMg dw poqrw sr cwrls
hwrifMg vI 1911 qoN 1916 q`k ihMdusqwn iv`c vwiesrwey irhw sI[
hYln lyfI hwrifMg jo hYnrI hwrifMg dI nUMh sI aus ny hYnrI hwrifMg
dw irkwrf sWB ky rìKAw hoieAw sI[ aus ny ikrpwl isMG nUM ikhw
ik hYnrI swihb dy kuJ kwgz kYnyfw ivKy mYkigl XUnIvristI iv`c
vI surìKAq pey hn ikauNik kuJ prvwr kYnyfw cilAw igAw sI[
hYnrI hwrifMg dy prvwr kol AMgryz is`K jMg dIAW peIAW
ic`TIAW bhuq mh`qv pUrn hn[ hYnrI hwrifMg ny gulwb isMG nwL
kIqy gupq smJOqy nUM BwvyN nhIN sI kbUilAw pr sBrwvW dI jMg qoN
pihlW 10 PrvrI 1846 dy ie`k p`qr iv`c aus ny AwpxI pqnI nUM
iliKAw sI, "mYnUM rwjw gulwb isMG qoN sMdyS imilAw hY, ijs hwlq
iv`c pltwau Awaux dI sMBwvnw hY["
hYnrI hwrifMg nwL gulwb isMG ie`k swl qoN ic`TI p`qr krdw
rihMdw sI[ gulwb isMG dI ie`k ic`TI jo 3 sqMbr 1845 nUM ilKI geI
iv`c hwrifMg ilKdw hY ik gulwb isMG is`K &Oj 'c Pu`t pwaux Aqy
ijMdW dy pUrI qrHW ivru`D hY[ 19 PrvrI 1846 dI ic`TI iv`c aus ny
iliKAw ik eySIAw dw sB qoN v`fw mkwr vzIr myry kYNp nwl hY[
gulwb isMG ny Brosw id`qw hY ik ijqnW icr quhwfIAW qopW Aqy
lVweI dw swjo smwn nhIN phuMcdw mYN is`K &Oj nUM lVweI krn qoN rokI
r`KWgw[ nwl hI lVweI smyN mYN is`K &Oj nUM loVINdw goLI is`kw Aqy
rwSn vgYrw nhIN ByjWgw"[ lwrf lwrMs ny ilKqI rUp iv`c gulwb
isMG nUM iekrwrnwmw id`qw ik ij`q auprMq AsIN qYnUM kSmIr dw
ielwkw p`ky qOr qy ienwm vjoN dyvWgy[ gulwb isMG dI ies BYVI nIqI
bwry hYnrI hYlvwk dw kQn hY ik jy iksy mùsvr (Artist) ny eyiSAweI
34
swjSW qy goNdW dI mkwrI BrI qsvIr bxwauNxI hovy qW gulwby nUM vyK
ky iPr iKAwlI FWcy nUM klpx dI zrUrq nhIN rih jWdI[ kYptn mUry
'History of India' iv`c drz krdw hY, "sBrwvW dI lVweI qoN pihlW
dohW pwisAW dy jrnYlW vloN Aijhw GtIAw Aqy Srmnwk smJOqw
dunIAW dy ieiqhws iv`c pihlW kdy nhIN hoieAw sI[ ies smJOqy qoN
pqw lgdw hY ik ihMdusqwn iv`c AMgryzI rwj iks invwx q`k if`g
ipAw hY"[
sBrwvW dI jMg
ieM\ gulwb isMG juMflI ny is`K &Oj nUM DoKw dy ky iPrMgI nUM
sBrwvW dI jMg ijqwaux leI ikhVI ikhVI krqUq kIqI[ iehnW
ny imsr lwl isMG rwhIN AwpxI &OjI kwrvweI dI ivauNq dw nkSw
iPrMgI nUM 8 PrvrI dy idn munSI S`msdIn ksUrI dy h`Q Byj id`qw
sI[ 10 PrvrI nUM sBrwvW ivKy gihg`c lVweI SurU ho geI[ srdwr
Swm isMG AtwrI vwly ijnHW dw buFypy kwrn dwVHw ic`tw sI ny AMimRq
vyly ieSnwn pwn kr ky, ic`tw bwxw pihn, gurbwxI aucwr ky gurU A`gy
jodVI kr, ic`tI GoVI 'qy SsqrW smyq svwr ho jMg iv`c jUJy[ jdoN
gdwrW lwl isMG qy qyjw isMG ny AtwrIvwLy nUM jMg dI AgvweI krdw
vyiKAw qW ienHW dy rMg pIly pY gey Aqy swh su`k gey[ jMg SurU hox
qoN pihlW ienHW gdwrW ny AtwrIvwly nUM vI llcwaux dI koiSS kIqI
Aqy g`lbwq dOrwn AwiKAw ik jykr qUM swfw swQ dyvyN qW gory AwpW
nUM cMgy Ahudy invwj ky rwj Bwg dy mwlk bxw dyxgy[ pr sUry ny ienHW
dI slwh kbUl nw kIqI[
AtwrI vwly dy jMg iv`c Swml hox nwl isMGW dy hOsly bulMd ho
gey[ aunHW ngwirAW 'qy cotW lw, 'boly so inhwl' dy jYkwry gjw, qopW
dy goly vrHw iPrMgI dw AYsw Gwx kIqw ik aunHW dy hoS au~f gey[ Swh
muhMmd dy bol hn:
Swh muhMmdw isMGW ny goirAW dy, vWg inMbUAW lhU incoV su`ty[
srdwr Swm isMG ny is`K POjIAW nwL imL ky AYsy AwhU lwhy ik
iPrMgI dy dlW 'c kurlwht pY igAw[ myvw isMG Aqy mwKy ny AYsI
35
t`kr id`qI ik iPrMgI dy kIqy iqMn mwrU vwr As&l kr id`qy[ Swm
isMG AtwrI vwly ny jnrl if`k aup`r AYsw pycIdw vwr kIqw qy auh
sdw leI jhwn qoN cilAw igAw? pr ies kuk`VKohI jMg iv`c AMgRyz
sYnkW ny srdwr nUM cwroN qrPoN Gyr ky golIAW dI AYsI buCwV kIqI ik
auh 'Aq hI rx myN qb jUJ mroN' dy mhW bolW Anuswr ShIdI pw
igAw[ ieM\ is`K rwj dw bu`Fw jrnYl AnykW P`t Kw ky lwswnI
kurbwnI dy igAw[ Swh muhMmd dy Sbd hn:
Swm isMG srdwr AtwrI vwly, bMnH SsqrI joV ivCoV su`ty[
kwdrXwr srdwr dy gux ieM\ gwauNdw hY:

Py-&Oj iv`c bhuq srdwr nwmIN,
is&q nhIN kr skdw kuJ kihx vwlw[
iek dUjy dw swnI cqrweI dy iv`c,
Aqy lVweI iv`c ipCWh nw rihx vwlw[
AYpr ie`k srdwr AjIb Xwro,
j^m swmHxy mUMh 'qy sihx vwlw[
kwdrXwr jhwn 'qy nwm roSn,
Swm isMG AtwrI dw rihx vwlw[
kinMGm Anuswr is`K &OjI ie`k ie`k ieMc jgHw leI lV qy mr

rhy sn[ isMGW dI ie`k pwsy AMgryzW vrgI jwhl kOm nwL t`kr sI
Aqy dUjy pwsy kmIny ihMdusqwnIAW Aqy gdwrW nwL t`kr sI'[
gdwr Aqy mkwr AwgU gulwb isMG ny brUd dI QW sroNH Br ky Byj
id`qI Aqy rwSn pwxI vI nw phuMcdw kIqw[ iPr jdoN qyjw isMG ny
dyiKAw ik isMGW dy DwivAW nwL iPrMgI dy pYr ih`l cu`ky hn qW auh
Awpxy dl dI &Oj lY ky kyvl mYdwn 'coN dOiVAw hI nhIN sgoN jWdw
hoieAw jwlmwnw ru`cI kwrn byVIAW nwl bixAw puL vI qoV igAw[
ies qrHW ieh AwpxI gdwrI dw ipAwlw n`ko n`k Br igAw[ iPrMgI
qy gdwrW ny srdwr AtwrI vwly qoN ivhUxI hoeI is`K sYnw Asly rihq
Aqy Bojn rihq dirAw v`l Dkyl id`qI[ isMGW ny qygW lihrwauNidAW
bcwA leI jdoN puL rwhIN dUjy pwsy jwx dw Xqn kIqw qW pul tu`tw
dyK dirAw iv`c CwlW mwr id`qIAW[ iksy vI XoDy ny jwn bcwaux
36
leI nw hiQAwr su`ty, nw iPrMgI dI eIn mMnI Aqy nw hI koeI aunHW
dy h`Q AwieAw[ auh AwKrI dm q`k bhwdrI dy kwrnwmy idKwauNdy
rhy[ AwKIr sqluj dirAw iv`c CwlW mwr id`qIAW[ pr bùcV
AMgryz &OjIAW ny pwxI iv`c ruVHy jWdy is`K sYinkW 'qy mINh vWg
golIAW dI buCwV kr ky 10,000 dy lg Bg mOq dI nINd sulwA id`qy[
dirAw dw pwxI KUn nwL lwL kr id`qw[
pIArsn 'hIro Aw& fylHI' iv`c ilKdw hY ik AMgryzW dI hwr
ie`k vwr iPr ij`q iv`c bdl geI[ lwrf gP ibitRS pRDwn mMqRI
lwrf pIl nUM ie`k rIport iv`c ilKdw hY, "ie`k kmWfr ien-cIP
dI hYsIAq iv`c BwvyN mYnUM Awpxy duSmx (is`KW) bwry in`jI BwvnwvW
ibAwn krn dI Ku`lH nhIN hY, pr iPr vI mYN quhwnUM ieh d`sx qoN nhIN
rih skdw ik is`K &OjI in`jI qOr 'qy Aqy smUhk qOr 'qy mhwn
nwiekW dI qrHW jUJ rhy sn[ jo hSr AsIN Aijhy nwiekW (is`KW) dw
kIqw sI ie`k mnu`K hox dy nwqy mYN SrmSwr hoxo Aqy hMJU vhwaux qoN
kdI nhIN rukdw[" gvrnr jnrl hwrifMg dw vI ibAwn hY ik is`K
kOm dI ivl`Kxqw bwkI ihMdusqwnIAW nwLoN v`KrI hY[
ipAwrw isMG pdm vrnx krdy hn ik keI sBrwvW dI hwr
dw doS ijMdW dy juMmy lwauNdy hn ik aus ny Awpxy BweI dw bdlw lYx
leI ieh sB kuJ kIqw[ pr ieh sB fogirAW dw pRwpygMfw sI[ kI
rwxI ijMdW ieh nhIN sI jwxdI ik is`K &Oj dI qbwhI dw ArQ aus
dy pu`qr dlIp isMG dy rwj dI qbwhI hY? qy aus dI AwpxI qbwhI
hY?
sohx isMG sIql ny vI ies g`l dI pRoVHqw kIqI hY ik imsr
lwl isMG qy qyjw isMG ny AwpxI kOmI gdwrI dy aulwhmy mhwrwxI
ijMd kOr dy isr mVHy[ auh nUM bdnwm krn 'c koeI ksr nw C`fI[
audoN dIAW aufweIAW geIAW JUTIAW g`lW Aqy A&vwhW Ajy q`k
AnpVH qy ieiqhws qoN Anjwx lokW iv`c pRc`lq hn[
is`K rwj 'qy iPrMgI dw kbjw

iPrMgI &OjW sqluj pwr kr ky 15 PrvrI 1846 nUM ksUr jw
bYTIAW[ 15 PrvrI nUM gulwb isMG ksUr phuMicAw Aqy sBrwvW dI
37
jMg qoN pihlW kIqy vwAidAW bwry g`lbwq kIqI[ lwrf hwrifMg ny
ikhw, "swrIAW SrqW lwhOr phuMc ky qYA kIqIAW jwxgIAW[" 20
PrvrI 1846 nUM AMgryz &OjW DOsy vjwauNdIAW, mwro mwr krdIAW Aqy
KuSI pRgtwauNdIAW lwhOr phuMc geIAW[ Swh muhMmd AMgryzW dy
lwhOr vVn dw izkr ieauN krdw hY[
pul b`Dw PrMgI ^br sux ky,
lWGy pwey nI iv`c plkwrIAW dy[
Awey Sihr lwhOr nUM KuSI krdy,
vjdy vwijAW nwl ngwirAW dy
sWB ley srkwr dy islyKwny,
vwlI bxy nI rwj dulwirAW dy[
Swh muhMmdw PyV sI ivrilAW dI,
soeI pyS AweI isMGW swirAW dy[
qkVy dw sqIN vIhIN sO huMdw hY[ aus dI mwrU ru`cI BwrI ho jWdI
hY[ lwrf hwrifMg ny 9 mwrc 1846 nUM ie`k Aihdnwmw (Treaty)
iqAwr kIqw ijs iv`c iliKAw igAw, "sqluj Aqy ibAws dy
ivckwrlw ielwkw kMpnI dw hovygw; jMg iv`c vrqIAW 36 qopW kMpnI
nUM id`qIAW jwxgIAW; Kwlsw drbwr AMgryzI srkwr dI AigAw
ibnw Awpxw ielwkw Gtw vDw nhIN skygw; gulwb isMG nUM jMmU dw
KudmuKiqAwr rwjw mMnxw pvygw; A`goN leI &Oj dI BrqI AMgRyz
A&srW dI slwh nwL kIqI jwvygI, mhwrwjw bwgI &OjIAW nUM k`F
kyvl 20 hjwr &Oj hI r`K skygw[ 11 mwrc nUM ie`k hor sMDI-p`qR
rwhIN cqrweI vrq ky AMgRyz &Oj lwhOr drbwr dI rwKI leI ibTw
id`qI[ ieM\ is`K rwj ^qm ho igAw Aqy AMgRyz pMjwb dy mwlk bx
gey[ gdwrW dIAW A`KW pUMJx leI hYnrI lwrMs dy pRbMD hyT ie`k rwj
pRbMDk kOsl dw gTn kIqw ijs iv`c lwl isMG vzIr qy qyjw isMG
sYnwpqI bxwieAw[ mhwrwxI ijMdW nUM mhwrwjw dlIp isMG dw
muKiqAwr mMn ky fyF l`K ruipAw dyxw mnzUr kIqw igAw[
pihlI AYNglo is`K jMg (First Anglo Sikh War) ip`CoN hYnrI
lwrMs lwhOr drbwr dw pUrn krqw Drqw bx igAw[ ies dy h`Q iv`c
38
qwkq Awaux kr ky ieh mnmwnIAW 'qy au`qr AwieAw[ lwhOr
drbwr 'qy kbjw krn auprMq ies ny D`ky nwL dlIp isMG nUM ijMdW
qoN ivCoV id`qw[ ies ny ie`k vwr mhwrwxI ijMdW nUM vwlW qoN pkV ky
vI GVIisAw[ dlIp isMG dI rKvwlI imstr lwgn nUM sONp id`qI[
AxBol bwlk dlIp isMG dw pwln-pOSx eIsweI m`q dy FMgW Anuswr
SurU krw id`qw[ ies lwgn ny dlIp isMG dy mn iv`c ieh Aihsws
krwauxw SurU kr id`qw ik eIsweI m`q dw Drm Aqy sìBAwcwr is`K
m`q nwloN cMgw Aqy sdwcwrI hY[ mhwrwjy nUM pMjwbI, gurmuKI, aurdU
Awid dI bjwey AMgryzI pVHwauxI SurU kr id`qI[ AwKIr ies dw
Drm qbdIl kr ky eIsweI bxw id`qw[
39
AiDAwie 3
rwxI ijMdW nUM kYdI bxw ky dyS-inkwlw dyxw
iPrMgI &Oj lwhOr drbwr dI rwKI leI bTwaux kr ky cwry pwsy
gm dI lihr sI[ ijMdW dIAW husIn A`KW gu`sy iv`c lwl sn[ auh
hr roz dy ngwirAW dy nzwry, cihl-pihl, Atk-mtk Aqy rOxkW
qoN dUr sI[ ^wlsw sYink Swhdry 'c kYd sn[ g`l kI pMjwb inqwxw
Aqy qwbydwr ho igAw sI[ clwk Aqy swjsI sr hYnrI hwrifMg ny
16 dsMbr 1846 nUM Brovwl ivKy ie`k hor Aihdnwmw jwrI kIqw[ ies
Anuswr AMgRyz &Oj ijs ny pihlI sMDI Anuswr ie`k swl bwAd cly
jwxw sI sdw leI p`kI Tihrw id`qI[ hr mihkmy dy kMm iv`c AMgRyz
A&sr nUM pUry AiDkwr id`qy gey, auh ^wlsw rwj dy iksy ikLHy 'qy
kbzw kr skdw sI[ lwhOr drbwr AMgRyzI &Oj dy Krc leI 22 l`K
rupey slwnw dyvygw[ mhwrwxI ijMdW nUM fyF l`K rupey swlwnw 4 sqMbr
1854 q`k jdoN mhwrwjw dlIp isMG 16 swl dw ho jwvygw hI imlygw[
hYnrI lwrMs nUM mhwrwjy dw rYzIfYNt bxw id`qw Aqy ijMdW dy sB
AiDkwr ^qm kr id`qy[ ies lwrMs dy Sbd sn, “mYN ienHW hl vwh
pMjwbI srdwrW qoN qlvwr Koh ky muV hl dI jMGI PVwauxI hY[ ieh
Awpxy Awp nUM pMjwb dw bwdSwh khwauNdw sI[ ies hMkwrI lwrMs nUM
1857 dy gdr smyN isMGW ny lKnaU ivKy mwr id`qw sI ikauNik ies ny
mhwrwxI nUM bVw qMg kIqw sI[ ies Aihdnwmy muqwbk qyjw isMG,
Syr isMG AtwrI, dIvwn dInw nwQ, PkIr nUraudIn, rxjoD isMG
mjITIAw, BweI inDwn isMG, Aqr isMG kwlyvwLw Aqy SmSyr isMG
sMDwvwlIAw dI kONsl bxweI geI[ ieh kONsl ^wlsw drbwr dw
AMdrUnI kMm kwj krygI[ lwrf hwrifMg Aqy hYnrI lwrMs nUM rwxI
ijMdW kMfy vWg rVk rhI sI[ 7 Agsq 1847 nUM iehnW dohW ny SwhI
drbwr kr ky gdwr qyjw isMG nUM 'rwjy' dw i^qwb dy id`qw[ rwxI
ijMdW dy sk`qr prmy nUM rwj DRohI doSI Tihrw ky &WsI lw id`qw[ prmy
'qy doS ieh lwieAw ik auh qyjw isMG nUM mwrn dI swjS GV irhw
sI[
40
ijMdW nUM kYd krnw
gvrnr jnrl hwrifMg ny ieh hdwieqW hwrI kr id`qIAW sn
ik mhwrwxI ijMdW dy h`Q iv`c koeI qwkq nhIN hoxI cwhIdI[ hwrifMg
nUM KuS krn leI rYzIfYNt lwrMs ny inrdoS rwxI 'qy JUTy doS lw ky
lwhOr iklHy dy sMmn burj iv`c nzrbMd kr id`qw (fwktr gMfw isMG,
is`K ieiqhws dy pMnw 133 'qy)[ lwrMs v`loN hwrifMg nUM 17 dsMbr
1846 vwly ilKy p`qr dy kuJ AMS ieM\ ibAwn krdy hn, “ipCly ie`k
do idnW qoN rwxI Awpxw swry dw swrw qwx Coty v`fy srdwrW nUM Awpxy
nwL imLw ky rwj dI suqMqrqw dI ie`k skIm iv`c iek`qr krn iv`c
lw rhI hY, ijs nwL auh Awp rwj dI mohrI hovygI[ ies iv`c aus
dw v`fw slwhkwr AMgryzW dw sdw dw ivroDI rwjw dInw nwQ hY["
hwrifMg ny 16 dsMbr 1846 nUM ie`k ic`TI PrYfirk krI (Frederic
Currey) nUM vI ilKI ijs dy mu`K Sbd sn, 'jy koeI bihs vwLI g`l
hY, qW auh hY rwxI nUM ibly lwauxw[ myrw iKAwl hY, auh pMjwb iv`c
iksy hor jgHw nwloN lwhOr iv`c G`t ^qrnwk hovygI[ jykr iPr vI auh
qMg kry qW aus nUM dyS-inkwlw dy ky sqlujoN pwr Byj id`qw jwey['
mhwrwxI nUM qMg krn leI lwrMs ny ie`k bVw hI qwVnw vwLw,
DmkI BirAw Aqy aus dI h`qk krn vwLw p`qr iliKAw ijs iv`c
iliKAw ik qYnUM pMjwb dy rwj-kwj iv`c dKl dyx dw koeI h`k nhIN[
A`gy qoN qUM AwpxIAW shylIAW qy dws dwsIAW qoN ibnW hor iksy nUM
nhIN imL skdI[ ies iv`c hI qyrI BlweI hY[ ie`k mhIny iv`c qUM
pMj-Cy srdwrW qoN v`D iekìTAW nhIN iml skdI[ aunHW nUM imlx smyN
qYnUM prdy iv`c rihxw cwhIdw hY ijvyN jYpur, joDpur, Awid dIAW rwj
kumwrIAW krdIAW hn[ koeI Eprw purS qyry mihl iv`c nhIN
Awauxw cwhIdw[ qUM Awzwd ho ky AwnMd nwl rih, pr Awpxy swk
sMbMDIAW qy srdwrW nUM nhIN imL skdI[ jo qYnUM pYnSn fyF l`K
swlwnw id`qI geI hY auh bRwhmxW Awid nUM bRhm-Boj Ckwaux leI
nhIN, Awid[ Bwv ieh sB kuJ mhwrwxI nUM ksUrvwr,AprwDI Aqy
ivdrohI Tihrw ky jylH iv`c su`tx dIAW iqAwrIAW sn[
41
ijMdW ny 9 jUn 1847 nUM ies p`qr dy au~qr iv`c iliKAw, ijqny
idn mhwrwjw dlIp isMG pMjwb dw mhwrwjw hY auqny idn mYN mhwrwxI
hW[ AwpxI fyF l`K pYnSn bwry mYN ieqnw hI AwKxw hY ik hux ies
dI crcw bwr bwr nhIN hoxI cwhIdI[ mnu`K dI ijho ijhI hwlq hovy
aus Anuswr auh idn k`t lYNdw hY[ myry pws cwr-pMj ivSvwSI nOkr
hn mYN aunHW nUM nhIN C`fWgI[ jo srdwrW nUM imlx smyN mYnUM dUjIAW
irAwsqW dIAW rwjkumwrIAW vWg prdy iv`c rih ky g`l krn leI
iliKAw hY auh rwj-kumwrIAW rwjnIqI iv`c ih`sw nhIN lYNdIAW[
auhnW dy rwjW iv`c suAwmI-Bgq (rwj-Bgq), bu`DIvwn qy ivSvwSI
rwj-krmcwrI Awpxy pRwx lw ky rwj dI BlweI cwhuMdy hn[ pr ie`Qy
dy rwj-Bgq kYsy hn ieh g`l Awp qoN gu`JI nhIN[ bwkI myry mihl
iv`c Epry bMdy dy nw Awaux vwLI jo g`l ilKI hY ies leI myrI Awp
dy A`gy bynqI hY ik Awp kuJ Ajyhy ieqbwrI bMdy ingrwnI leI r`K
idau jo myry sMbMD iv`c ^brW quhwnUM idMdy rihx[ ijQoN q`k bRhm Boj
dI g`l hY auh Swsqr dI nIqI Anuswr ie`k nyk kMm hY[
ies p`qr nUM pVH ky lwrMs sV bL igAw Aqy mhwrwxI nUM hor
qMg krn 'c ju`t igAw[ ieh rYzIfYNt lwrMs ijMdW dIAW CotIAW
CotIAW g`lW nUM vI swijS dw krwr dyx l`g ipAw[ sohx isMG sIql
ilKdy hn ik ie`k vwr mhwrwxI dI shylI aus vwsqy mulqwn qoN s&Yd
gMnw ilAweI[ rYzIfYNt nUM KuVkI ik ijMd kOr mulqwn dy mUl rwj nwL
iml ky AMgryzW ivru`D koeI swjS krn l`gI hY[
duSmx dw kMm huMdw hY duKdy 'qy h`Q lwauxw[ gvrnr jnrl ny
7 Agsq 1847 nUM ie`k v`fw drbwr rcwieAw ijs iv`c gdwr qyjw
isMG nUM rwjy dI pdvI dyxI sI[ iPrMgI is`KW dy gdwrW nUM kIqI m`dd
kwrn KuS krnw cwhuMdw sI pr mhwrwxI ies dy ivru`D sI[ is`K rwj
iv`c ieh mirXwdw sI ik iksy nUM vI rwjy dw Ahudw dyx smyN pihlW
mhwrwjw Awpxy h`QIN nvyN bxn vwly rwjy dyy m`Qy 'qy iqlk lwauNdw sI[
lwrMs ny ijMdW nUM sunyhw ByijAw ik auh mhwrwjw dlIp isMG nUM rwjy
dy iqlk lwaux leI qurMq Byjy[ pr rwxI ny mhwrwjy nUM imQy smyN qoN
ie`k GMtw lyt ByijAw[ ies dw kwrn sI ik 11 swl dy bwlk mhwrwjy
nUM smJwauxw sI ik qyjw isMG qW is`KW dw vYrI hY, qUM ieh pRikRAw qoN
42
nWh kr deIN[ nwL hI mhwrwxI dy mn 'c ros sI ik aus nwl jW
aus dy kONsl dy mYNbr dInw nwQ nwl ies kMm leI iPrMgI ny slwh
q`k nhIN kIqI[ iPr vI rwxI ny dlIp isMG nUM smwgm iv`c iqAwr
kr ky Byj id`qw[ rYzIfYNt lwrMs ny mhwrwjy 'qy bwr bwr zor pwieAw
ik auh qyjw isMG dy m`Qy 'qy iqlk lgwey pr bwl mhwrwjy ny nWh kr
id`qI[ AYsI dSw dyK ky ie`k gRMQI (pRohq) nUM lwlc dy ky iqlk
lgwaux dI rsm pUrI krweI[ g`l kI ijs dw rwj aus dw qyj huMdw
hY Aqy cVHdy sUrj nUM slwmW huMdIAW hn[ gurbwxI dy vI Sbd hn:
ijs hI kI srkwr hY iqs hI kw sB koie]
qyjw isMG nUM rwjw bxwaux dI KuSI iv`c Swm nUM AwqSbwjI
(Firework) kIqI geI[ mhwrwxI ny dlIp isMG nUM AwqSbwjI dyKx
leI nw ByijAw[ qyjw isMG ny rwjy dw pd AKiqAwr kr ky ijMdW nUM
hor qMg krnw SurU kr id`qw[ ies ny hwrifMg Aqy lwrMs pws
mhwrwxI pRqI hor vDw cVHw ky qUhmqW lgwauxIAW SurU kr id`qIAW[
Kwx pwx Aqy Dn dI AOiKAweI dyK mhwrwxI ny hYnrI lwrMs nUM A`D
Agsq, 1847 nUM Awpxy h`QIN ic`TI ilKI ijs iv`c mhwrwxI ny Awpxy
au~qy ho rhIAW vDIkIAW bwry swP swP ilK id`qw[
ilK qum bIbI swihb, Alwrwin (lwrMs) swihb robkwrI!
AsW Awpuxw isr quhwfy hvwly kIqw sI, qusW inmk hrwmW dy
pYrW ivc dy id`qw su[ qusW swfI munsbI n pweI[ quhwnUM jo cwhIdw
sI jo idrAw&qI kr ky jo swfy juMmy lgdw so lWdy[ inmk hrwmW dy
khy nhIN sI lgxw[ qusW v`fy mhwrwj dI dosqI vl bI nhIN ifTw[
qusW myrI Abro lokW qoN lweI ey, qusW krwrnwvyN qy AYdHnwvy aupr bI
kuJ Abl nhIN kIqw[ rwjw lwl isMG myrw muhqib sI qy KYr Kw, so
qusW qkbIr kr ky Byj id`qw qW AsW kuJ nhIN quswnUM AwiKAw[ swfy
idl iv`c ieh g`l sI jo Awp swhwb swfy pws ny swnUM fr iksdw ey[
swnUM ies g`l dI ^br nhIN sI JUTIAW g`lW swfy jumy lw ky qy
kYd chW kIqw[ koeI swfI ilKq dsy v kuJ swfy jumy lwieAw[ Pyr
jo quhwfI mrjI so krdy, iek mYN qy iek mhwrwj qy bwkI tihlxw
43
AsIN sMmx iv`c kYd vW hor nOkr sB kF id`qy hYn[ AsIN bhuq
lwcwr hoeIAW pwxI qy rotI bI nhIN Awaux idMdw[ ies qyr jo swnUM
qMg krdy ho, eys gl koloN PWsI ilgw dyau[ jo qusW swfI Adwlq
kIqI qW A`CI g`l nhIN qW nMdx sqr iv`c iPrAwd krWgy[ hor
jyhVw fUf lK lweyAw sI auh bI nhIN iksy id`qw[ hor jyhVw cuhu
mhInyAW dy iv`c Krc kIqw sI iekvMjw hwjwr so gYhxy vyc imsr
mygw rwm nUM dy id`qw ey[ iksy kolo kuJ mMgdy nhIN sW Awpxy gihxy vyc
ky gujrwn krdy sW, bynhk swfI Awbro ikau lwhI[ mMglw kI
qksIr kIqI aunUM bI kf id`qw[ Aj mhwrwj swfy pws.... Aw ky
bhuq roNdy rhy ny, AwKx lgy swnUM ibCn isMG qy gulwb isMG frW'dy ny
jo qW mhwrwj nUM fr nwl kuJ ho igAw qW iPr mYN kI krWgI[ eynw aunW
nUM AwKyAw ny quhwnU shb dw hukm hY, jy Cwlw bwg jw ky auqrU auh sux
ky qy bhuq roNdy rhy[ ey jyVIAW glW swfy nwl krdy ho, iksy rjvwVy
iv`c nhIN hoeIAW qusI kuJy (guJy) rwj ikauN sWbdy au, jwrw (jwhr)
ho ik ikau nhIN krdy[ nwly dosqI dw hrP rKdy au[ myrI Adwlq
kryau nhIN qW nMdx (lMdn) iPrAwd krWgI[ iqMnu cauN inmk hrwmW
nUM rK lau[ hor swrI pMjwb nUM kql krw dyau, ienW dy AwKy lg ky[
(mohr Akwl shwie)
ieh Asl ic`TI ^wlsw kwlj AMimRqsr dI lwiebRyrI iv`c
mOjUd hY[ipAwrw isMG pdm Anuswr ies qoN ielwvw rwxI ijMdW
dIAW do ic`TIAW hor vI imldIAW hn[
ijMdW nUM dlIp nwloN v`K krnw

cMgI soc vwlw bMdw nyk kMm krdw hY, auh hmySw dUjy dI BlweI
socdw hY[ ifgdy nUM shwrw idMdw hY, fubdy nUM iknwrw idMdw hY Aqy
ivCVy nwL imlwauNdw hY[ ies dy ault mMdI soc vwlw bdI krdw hY[
hmySw dUjy dI buirAweI icqvdw hY, KVHy nUM fygx dI g`l krdw hY,
qrdy nUM fob idMdw hY Aqy imilAW nUM ivCoVn dI socdw hY[
AYsI buirAweI gvrnr jnrl tuMfy lwt hwrifMg ny socI[ ies
ny 16 Agsq 1847 nUM rYzIfYNt lwrMs nUM Kq iliKAw ijs iv`c mùK g`l
sI, "hux vWg jy mhwrwxI , bwlk mhwrwjy 'qy Awpxw pUrw Asr
44
pwauNdI rhI qW srkwr dw pRbMD shI nhIN c`l skygw[ kONsl nUM eys
g`l dw inrw AMdySw hI nhIN' sgoN pUrw fr hY ik jy mhwrwxI swry
ijMmyvwr srdwrW nMU pMjwb srkwr dy pRbMD dy ivru`D mhwrwjy dy idl
iv`c zihr BrdI rhI, qW A`gy vwsqy bVy ^qrnwk nqIjy inklxgy
(Punjab papers 1847-49, Page 47)[ aus ny ieh vI iliKAw ik mYN
aunHW ijMmyvwrIAW iv`c vI bMinHAW hoieAW hW, jo aus au~qy AMgryzI
srkwr ny mhwrjy dI bwlk AvsQw kr ky aus dI rìKAw dw vwAdw
kr ky lweIAW hn[ ies p`qr iv`c ieh vI AMikq sI ik ijMdW nUM
lwhOr qoN k`Fx leI drbwr dy srdwrW dI slwh leI jwvy[
Asl iv`c AMgryzI AiDkwrIAW dw mu`K inSwnw mhwrwxI nUM
dyS inkwlw dyx dw sI[ eIvwnz bYl ` (Evans Bell) dy ieh Sbd pMjwb
pyprz dy s&w 47 'qy drz hn[ 'AsIN jwxdy hW ik Agsq 1847
iv`c mhwrwxI nUM dySoN k`Fx iv`c drbwr dy srdwrW ny klMk dw it`kw
nhIN lvwieAw[ gvrnr jnrl dy hukm 'qy c`lidAW lwrMs ny 19
Agsq 1847 nUM mhwrwxI lwhOroN 20 mIl dUr SyKUpur dy iklHy iv`c
nzrbMd kr id`qI[ aus dI fyF l`K pYnSn Gtw ky 48 hzwr swlwnw
kr id`qI[ kihMdy hn ik ijMdW SyKUpur iklyH iv`c phuMcx qoN pihlW
rYzIfYNt nUM imlxw cwhuMdI sI pr ies leI aus ny prvwngI nw
id`qI[ hYnrI lwrMs srkwrI ip`TU hox kr ky bVw hMkwrI, ivkwrI Aqy
durwcwrI sI[ srdwr KuSvMq isMG iLKdy hn ik ies ny mhwrwxI
ijMdW nUM 10 sqMbr 1847 dy idn kysW qoN PV ky GVIisAw[ ieh
AOrq dI iezq nUM h`Q pwaux dI koJI hrkq sI[
ieM\ ienHW jWglI dirMidAW ny 9 ku swl dy mhwrwjy nUM mW qoN
ivCoV id`qw[ Brovwl dy Aihdnwmy nUM A`KoN proKy kr ky pYnSn Gtw
id`qI[ mhwrwxI v`loN dlIp nUM su`K-snyhw G`lx qoN vI rok lw id`qI[
g`l kI ienHW mhwrwjy Aqy mhwrwxI dy pdW nUM pYrW iv`c rol id`qw[
mW dI pu`qr pRqI mmqw, moh Aqy snyh 'qy BwrI s`t mwrI[ hwrifMg
ilKdw hY ik dlIp dI pwlxw-poSx krnw, aus nUM cMgI ivìdAw Aqy
cMgI isìKAw dyxw swfI izMmyvwrI hY[ 20 Agsq 1847 nUM jo lwhOr
qoN AYlwn hoieAw aus dy Sbd sn, "lwhOr drbwr qy srkwr AMgryzI
iv`c im`qrqw hox kwrn, mhwrwjy dI bwlk AvsQw aus dI rìKAw
45
krn iv`c gvrnr-jnrl ipqw vrgw SOk rKdw hY'[ Blw aus qoN
koeI pu`Cy ik mW nwloN b`cy dI dyK-Bwl Awid hor kOx cMgI qrHW kr
skdw hY? AMgryzI srkwr mhwrwjy nUM aus dI mW bolI Aqy jnm BUmI
vwLI mW nwloN vI dUr krnw cwhUMdI sI, qW ik auh Awpxw sìBAwcwr,
is`KI isDwqW Aqy is`K rwj dy ieiqhws qoN jwxU nw ho jwvy[
ieh SyKUpur dw iklHw jhWgIr ny bxvwieAw sI[ mhwrwjw
rxjIq isMG ny AwpxI rwxI rwj kOr nUM jwgIr iv`c dy id`qw sI[
rwxI ijMdW ny lwrMs nUM ie`QoN vI ie`k p`qr iliKAw, ijs dy kuJ Sbd
sn, 'gurU Awsry mYN eyQy TIk Twk hW[ qusIN r`b nUM hwzr nwzr jwx
ky socxw ik mW qoN pu`qr nUM v`K krnw, ies qoN v`fw zulm kI ho skdw
hY? ikRpw kr ky myrw smwn jldI Byj dyxw[
nvyN gvrnr jnrl flhOzI dw klk`qy Aqy

rYzIfYNt krI dw lwhOr Awauxw
hwrifMg dI QW 'qy brqwnIAW srkwr ny mwrkueIs flhOzI
(Marquess Dalhousi) nUM gvrnr jnrl Aqy hYnrI lwrMs dI QW 'qy
PrYfirk krI (Fredrick Currie) nUM rYzIfYNt lgw id`qw[ flhozI ny qW
21 jnvrI nUM Ahudw sMBwl ilAw pr krI ny rYzIfYNt dy Ahudy qy 9
mwrc 1848 nUM kMm krnw SUrU kIqw[ jOhn lwrMs (Johan Laurence)
ijhVw aus smyN lwhOr dw rYzIfYNt sI, ieh qkrIbn do mhIny
PrYfirk krI dI gYrhwzrI iv`c rwj Bwg dw kMm clwauNdw irhw[
ieh jOhn lwrMs hYnrI lwrMs dw Brw sI[ ieh dovyN A&sr hwrifMg
Aqy hYnrI lwrMs nwloN vI p`Qr idl sn[
ieh Awm g`l hY ik muzrm nUM hor szw dyx leI srkwrW aus
ivru`D JUTIAW APvwhW PYlw idMdIAW hn qW ik lok aus dy hmwieqI
nw bxn[ rYzIfYNt ny ie`k inrwDwr ^br aufw id`qI ik imsr lwl
isMG dw vkIl swihb isMG corI corI ijMdW nUM imldw hY Aqy mhwrwxI
ny ie`k &kIr nUM kSmIr dy rwjw gulwb isMG kol ByijAw hY[ ikMnI
hwsohIxI g`l hY ik ijnHW gdwrW ny is`K rwj dw pqn krvw id`qw
mhwrwxI aunHW nwl jylH 'c bYTI gMF-qu`p ikauN krygI? ieh JUTy doS
lgw ky mhwrwxI dI kYd hor s^q kr id`qI[ kYd smyN ijMdW ny aus
46
dI syvw kr rhy nOkrW nUM KuS ho ky s`T s`T buqkIAW (is`K rwj dy smyN
vwly sony dy is`ky) ienwm vjoN id`qIAW[ pr rYzIfYNt ny ieh buqkIAW
nOkrW qoN mhwrwxI nUM vwps krw id`qIAW Aqy gu`sy 'c Aw ky purwxy
nOkr nOkrwxIAW htw ky nvyN r`K id`qy[ nvyN syvwdwrW nUM rYzIfYNt ny
s^q hdwieqW id`qIAW ik jo vI mhwrwxI qoN ienwm vjoN kuJ leygw
aus nUM BwrI szw id`qI jwvygI[ ijMdW nUM ieh s^q icqwvnI id`qI
geI ik jykr aus ny koeI p`qr iksy nuM Byjxw hY qW auh iklHy dy hwkm
nUM idKw ky Byjy[
jdoN iksy ienswn nwL BYVw vrqwau kIqw jwvy Aqy aus aup`r
JUTy doS lw ky aus nUM qMg kry aus dI ApIl nw suxy qW vkIl dI m`dd
leI jWdI hY[ AYsw dyK mhwrwxI ny Awpxy vkIl srdwr jIvn isMG
nUM klk`qy lwrf flhOzI kol ByijAw[ vkIl ny klk`qy phuMc flhOzI
pws Arz kIqI ik rYzIfYNt inrdoS mhwrwxI nUM Kwh-mKwh ikauN qMg
kr irhw hY? rYjIfYNt krI ny ijMdW dy rKvwly auh srdwr inXukq
kIqy hn ijhVy aus dy p`ky duSmx hn[ ikrpw kr ky iksy nyk A&sr
nUM mhwrwxI dI shwieqw leI lwau[
flhOzI bVw PrybI Aqy mkwrI sI[ auh kihMdw, "AsIN mhwrwxI
dy iksy vkIl nUM nhIN mMndy[ aus nUM jykr koeI AOiKAweI hY auh
rYzIfYNt rwhIN d`sy[" BwvyN flhOzI ny jIvn isMG nUM bVy ru`Ky bol boly
pr auh dubwrw 23 PrvrI nUM iPr imilAw Aqy PirAwd kIqI, "Awp
Awpxy bIq cu`ky im`qr mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI ivDvw mhwrwxI
ijMdW Aqy aus dy bwl pu`qr dlIp isMG 'qy qrs Kw ky aus nUM muAw&
kr idau[ Awp jI dy AqI DMnvwdI hovWgy"[ ies hMkwrI, vkwrI
Aqy mkwrI flhOzI ny au~qr iv`c ikhw, "flhOzI dI kcihrI iv`c
ijMdW leI koeI muAw&I nhIN"[ ieM\ jIvn isMG Awpxw qwx lw ky
inrwS ho ky muV AieAw[ dlIl, ApIl Aqy vkIl vwlI vwrqw PylH
ho geI[ dUjy pwsy ikvyN nw ikvNy nOkrI 'coN k`Fy is`K &OjIAW nUM ijMdW
'qy kIqI jw rhI sKqweI dw pqw lg irhw sI, ijvyN kMnW iv`c kIqI
g`l vI smW pw ky Gro Gr pùj jWdI hY[ Gr bYTy ienHW &OjIAW dw idl
ies g`loN aubwly Kw irhw sI ik ik`Qy rwxI mihlW dI syz mwxdI sI
Aqy ik`Qy A`j jylH dIAW slwKW AMdr bMd hY Aqy pu`qr nUM vI nhIN dyK
skdI[ Syr dI inAweIN isMG sUrmy ieh g`l ikvyN jr skdy sn?
47
mulqwn 'c gdr m`cxw
sMn 1848 iv`c ^wlsw &Oj dy nOkrI qoN k`Fy &OjIAW ny mhwrwxI
nUM qMg krn dIAW ^brW sux AMgryz hkUmq ivrùD ivdroh kr id`qw[
dUjw ivdroh dw kwrn sI ik mulqwn dy hwkm dIvwn swvx m`l dw
pu`qr dIvwn mUl rwj AMgRyzW dy ieSwry 'qy is`KW ivrùD lokW nUM BVkw
irhw sI[ qIjw kwrn ipAwrw isMG pdm ny ieh iliKAw ik 30
hzwr dy lg Bg is`K ispwh-slwr &Oj 'coN k`Fy hoey bykwr hoey iPrdy
sn, lVn qoN vgYr iksy hor hunr qoN auh nwvwikP sn[
krI ny dIvwn kwnH isMG nUM hwkm bxw ky mulqwn ByijAw[ ies
dI m`dd leI do AMgryz A&srW vwns AYginaU qy lY&tInYNt AYNfrsn
nUM vI nwL ByijAw[ ienHW dw mu`K mMqv sI mulqwn 'c hoeI gVbV nUM
dbwauxw[ pr do inhMg isMGW ny ie`k idn dohW AMgryz A&srW nUM
kql kr id`qw[ ieh sux rYzIfYNt krI nUM h`QW pYrW dI pY geI[ ies
ny soicAw ik ho skdw hY kwnH isMG ny iehnW A&srW nUM mrvwieAw
hovy[ 8 meI 1848 nUM kwnH isMG Aqy gMgw rwm (vkIl mhwrwxI ijMdW)
dy iv`ruD AMgryz A&srW nUM mrvwaux sMbMDI JUTI swjS GV ky kwnH
isMG Aqy gMgw rwm nUM PWsI id`qI geI[ ies dw vyrvw lyfI lwgn vloN
sr jOhnsn Aqy dlIp isMG bwry 1890 'c ilKI ikqwb dy pMnw 118
'qy drz kIqw hY[
pihlW rYzIfYNt ny AjyhI swjS dw doS mhwrwxI isr mVHnw
cwihAw Aqy muk`dmW clwaux dI socI[ pr iPr ivcwirAw ik
mhwrwxI qW s^q pihry hyT bMd hY, aus nUM qW koeI irSqydwr jW
srdwr vI imlx nhIN id`qw jWdw Aqy nw hI aus nUM ic`TI p`qr dI
iezwzq hY[ aus dy gunwh dw koeI sbUq nw hox kr ky auh Awpxy
Awpxy Awp nUM inrdoS is`D kr dyvygI[ ie`k ic`TI rwhIN rYzIfYNt
flhozI nUM iliKAw, "KulHy qOr 'qy rxjIq isMG dI ivDvw leI muk`dmy
dw ivcwr hoxw pMjwb dy lokW nUM cuBygw ArQwq bgwvq PYl jwvygI[
AKIr ienHW ny ijMdW nUM dyS inkwly dw mn bxw ilAw[
48
mhwrwxI nUM bnwrs iklHy 'c kYd krn dw hukm
AMgryz krI kmzor idl, JUTw, cwlbwz Aqy kmInw sI[ aus
ny bhwnw lwieAw ik ijMdW ivrùD muk`dmw clwaux nwL bgwvq hox dw
fr hY[ rYzIfYNt ny mhwrwxI nUM dyS inkwly dy kwgzwq au~qy iqMn
mYNbrW-qyjw isMG (rwjw), PkIr nUr dIn Aqy Syr isMG dI QW 'qy aus
dy Brw gulwb isMG dy dsq^q krwey[ dyKo AMgryz dw iensw& jy
kONsl dw mYNbr nhIN mMinAw qW aus dy Brw dy dsq^q krvw ley[
ies inkwly dy kwgzW 'qy ieh iliKAw hoieAw sI ik jykr ijMdW
bnwrs dI jylH 'c bYT ky hor koeI swjS rcygI qW ies nUM cunwr iklHy
'c Byj id`qw jwvygw[ nwL hI aus dI pYnSn 48 hzwr qoN Gtw ky 12
hzwr pRqI swl kr id`qI geI[ gory dI hor SYqwnI dyKo ijMdW nUM dyS
inkwly dy kwgzW 'qy mohr mhwrwjw dlIp isMG dI lweI[ kI mhwrwjw
dlIp isMG AwpxI mW nUM dyS inkwlw dyx leI kih skdw sI? mUl
rUp iv`c rwjnIqk bMidAW dw Drm-eImwn koeI nhIN huMdw[ ieh lok
cMfwl, inrdeI, by-rihm, by-drd Aqy by-ikrk huMdy hn[ lùtxW,
pu`txW Aqy ku`txW ienHW dw jIvn mMqv huMdw hY[ ieh Awpxy ivroDI nUM
mwrn jW mrvwaux qoN vI sMkoc nhIN krdy[ mW, ipau, Brw, BYx,
BqIjw jW koeI hor qIjw iksy dy im`q nhIN huMdy[
14 meI 1848 nMU krI ny Awpxy do A&sr-kpqwn ilmsfn qy
lY&tInYNt hufsn qy ie`k muslmwn srdwr smyq ieh dyS-inkwly dI
ic`TI ijMdW nUM dyx leI SyKUpury Byjy[ ienHW A&srW ny mhwrwxI nUM
AwiKAw ik AsIN quhwnUM bVy Awdr mwx nwl iljwxw hY, qusIN jldI
iqAwr ho jwau[ mhwrwxI ny AwiKAw, "mYnUM Awdr mwx dI zrUrq
nhIN hY, qusIN ieh d`so mYnUM ik`Qy iljwxw hY?" au~qr iv`c ilmsfn ny
kuJ nw dìsAw! Agly idn 15 meI nUM mhwrwxI swihbW nUM SyKUpury qoN
ieh lok lY qury[ ijMdW dy mn iv`c soc au~TI ik mYnUM lwhOr iljwxgy
Aqy auQy mYN pùqr dlIp isMG nUM ikvyN nw ikvyN imlWgI[ aus mW dy idl
dI DVkx aus smyN kYsI hovygI ijhVI Awpxy pu`qr dw mUMh rwq idn
qkdI sI, A`j aus nUM dyiKAW lg Bg 8 mhIny ho gey sn[ dUjy pwsy
mhwrwjw dlIp isMG dy idl 'qy kI bIqdI hovygI?
49
jdoN ieh lok lwhOr t`p ky &Irozpur dy rsqy c`l pey qW ijMdW
ny ilmsfn nUM Pyr puìCAw, "qusIN mYnUM ik`Dr lY jw rhy ho"? ies ny
iPr koeI au~qr nw id`qw[ AKIr Swm smyN ieh sqluj dirAw dy kMFy
'qy phuMc gey[ sohx isMG sIql ilKdy hn ik mhwrwxI dw kw&lw
dirAw dy kMFy kuJ smyN leI TihirAw[ aus smyN fubdy sUrj dIAW
tyFIAW ikrxW pwxI 'qy pY ky lihrW iv`c A`g lw rhIAW sn[ ....
aus nUM sqluj dIAW lihrW iv`c sBrwvW dy mYdwn AMdr ShId hoey
srdwr Swm isMG AtwrI vrigAW dw lhU vgdw nzr Aw irhw sI['
sIql jI ny dyS-inkwLy sMbMDI bhuq hI ihrdy vydk kwiv rcnw kIqI
hY pr ie`Qy aus dw AwKIrlw bMd id`qw igAw hY:
ieh iKAwl AWauNdy swr qV& au~TI,
ijMd ijMdW dI kIrny pw rhI sI[
rIJW mgr krlwauNdIAW jWdIAW sn,
rwxI b`DI bnwrs nUM jw rhI sI[
bnwrs (vwrwnsI) sqluj dirAw dy kMFy qoN qkrIbn 700 mIl

dUr hY[ mhwrwxI nUM ieqnI dUr iljw ky kYd krn dw mu`K inSwnw ieh
sI ik aus nUM nw koeI irSqydwr, nw srdwr, nw vkIl, Awid iml
sky[ ies qoN v`fw D`kw, byiensw&I, BYVw vrqwau Aqy zlIlqw hor
kI ho skdI hY? dyS inkwlw dyx sbMDI rYzIfYNt krI ny ibAwn id`qw
ik ies nwl pMjwb iv`c ik`qy vI ivroD nhIN hoieAw[ lwrf flhOzI
ny AwiKAw ik ijMdW nUM bnwrs ies leI ByijAw igAw ik pMjwb iv`c
Amn bhwl kIqw jw sky pr kwbl dw hwkm dosq muhMmd ilKdw hY,
'ies iv`c koeI S`k nhIN ik is`K rwxI dy dyS inkwly qoN duKI ho idno
idn bVy bycYn ho rhy hn[ dlIp isMG dI mwqw nUM kYd kr id`qw igAw
hY Aqy aus nwL Axmnu`KI slUk kIqw igAw hY[ ieho ijhy slUk nUM
swfy mzhbW dy lok bhuq burw mMndy hn Aqy swry AmIr-grIb ies
nwLoN mOq nUM bhuq cMgw smJdy hn'[ AMgryz ilKwrI AYfivn Awrnolf
dy Sbd hn, 'ieh mhwrwxI nUM Awpxy bwlk pu`qr Aqy prjw qoN dUr
krn au~qy is`KW ny ijqnw ros pRgt kIqw hY, aus nwloN keI guxW v`D
auhnW dy idlW iv`c hY[' iesy qrHW eIvwnz bY~l dy ilKy Sbd pVHn
vwly hn[ aus Anuswr, 'mhwrwxI nUM kYd krn qy dyS-inkwlw dyx bwry
50
lwrf flhOzI dw AYlwn Amn bhwl r`Kx leI nhIN sgoN aus nUM szw
dy qOr 'qy sI[ myry iKAwl iv`c ieh AYlwn nw-vwjb, nw-munwsb qy
by-iensw&I vwlw sI[ rwxI dw dyS-inkwlw aunHW sB lokW dIAW
nzrW iv`c-ijnHW dw mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI bwdSwhI nwL sMbMD
sI-ie`k kOmI h`qk sI qy ieh rwxI dy pùqr nUM q^q qoN auqwrn qy rwj
nUM qbwh krn bdly pihlw kdm sI (Evans Bell, Page 19-20)[
dUjI AYNglo-is`K lVweI

is`KW dI nwiekw mhwrwxI ijMd kOr nUM dyS inkwLy dI ^br sux
ky bhuq QweIN bYTIAW is`K &OjW BVk au~TIAW[ auh ies nUM Awpxw
kOmI Apmwn smJ ky bVy roh iv`c sn[ hux hMkwrI iPrMgI nwL do h`Q
krn qoN vgYr koeI cwrw nhIN sI ikauNik ie`k qW pMjwbIAW dI mW
vrgI rwxI nUM dyS-inkwlw dy ky Aqy aus dI pYnSn Gtw ky Brovwl
Aihdnwmy nUM BMg kr id`qw hY; dUjw mulqwn dw hwkm dIvwn mUl rwj
(pu`qr dIvwn swvx m`l) AMgryzW qoN AwkI ho igAw ikauNik aus nUM
dIvwngI qoN lwh id`qw sI; qIjw srdwr cqr isMG AtwrI vwly dI
lVkI mhwrwjw dlIp isMG nUM mMgI hoeI sI[ ies nUM hrIpur dI
hwkmI qoN htw id`qw igAw qy jwgIr vI zbq kr leI; cOQw rYzIfYNt
ny mhwrwjw dlIp isMG dy ivAwh dw idn p`kw krno nWh kr id`qI[
srdwr cqr isMG ny ieh ^br Awpxy pu`qr rwjw Syr isMG AtwrI
nUM mulqwn pujw id`qI[ ieM\ hjwry iv`c cqr isMG Aqy mulqwn iv`c
Syr isMG ny iPrMgI ivru`D bgwvq kr id`qI[ rwjw Syr isMG ny 14
sqMbr 1848 nUM ieh AYlwn pMjwbIAW q`k phuMcwieAw:
'pMjwbIE s`c-KMf vwsI mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI ivDvw mhwrwxI
ijMd kOr au~qy iPrMgIAW ny iks qrHW AìqAwcwr kIqw hY[ aus dI jo
bypqI kIqI hY qy przw au~qy jo sKqIAW kIqIAW hn, auh vI iksy
koloN gu`JIAW nhIN[.....mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI sMqwn Aqy isMGW
au~qy ADrm, AinAW qy zulm kIqw hY ik AsIN DrmoN vI hIx ho gey
hW Aqy is`K rwj dI qOhIn hoeI hY[ so hux Awpxy srbMs dI rìKAw
leI ie`k ho ky kmrksy kr lvo'[
51
AMgryzW dI kutlnIqI qoN qMg Aw ky 9 AkqUbr 1848 nUM mulqwn
qoN &Oj smyq Syr isMG Awpxy ipqw cqr isMG vl jdoN cìlAw qW
mulqwn nUM 30 hzwr iPrMgI dI &Oj ny Gyrw pw ilAw[ keI idn jMg
huMdI rhI[ ies jMg iv`c AMgryzW v`loN QwipAw nvW dIvwn kwnH isMG
mwirAw igAw[ 21 jnvrI 1849 nUM iklHw Pqih hox 'qy mUl rwj
pkiVAw igAw[ AMgryzW ny aus nUM szw dy ky kwLy pwxI dI jylH 'c
Byj id`qw[
iclIAWvwly qy gujrwq dI jMg

rwjw Syr isMG AtwrI JnW dy kMFy 'qy phuMc igAw[ bwgI is`K
ispwhI ie`Qy SsqrDwrI ho iek`Ty hox lgy[ srdwr hrI isMG nlUey
dw pu`qr jvwhr isMG vI ies AwzwdI dI jMg iv`c Swml ho igAw[
gdwr qyjw isMG ny ies nwl vYr Bwvnw r`Kx kr ky ies nUM pkV ky
jylH dy pihrydwrW dI shwieqw nwl slwKW AMdr f`k id`qw sI[ pr
ieh ikvyN nw ikvyN auQoN inkl ky gujrwvwlW phuMc igAw[ 16 nvMbr
1848 nUM lwrf gP 25 hzwr &Oj Aqy 101 qopW lY ky rwvI pwr kr
igAw[ 22 nvMbr nUM rwjw Syr isMG nwL BwrI t`kr hoeI[ ies t`kr
iv`c isMGW ny 300 dy krIb AMgryz ispwhI mwr id`qy Aqy bhuq swry
pkV ley[ Syr isMG dI idAwlqw Aqy KulH idlI dyKo, pkVy hoey
ispwhIAW nUM AMgryz CwauxI 'c Awp C`f ky AwieAw[ hwr hoeI sux
jrnYl joz& 7 hzwr &Oj lY ky JnW pwr kr A`gy vD AwieAw[
sYdu`lwpur iv`c dohW dlW 'c iBAwnk jMg hoeI[ isMGW ny iPrMgIAW nUM
AYsy h`Q idKwey ik BwjVW puAw id`qIAW[ bhuiqAW ny kmwd dy KyqW
iv`c luk ky jwnW bcweIAW[ isMGW ny gurU swihbwn dy hukm muqwbk
dOVy jWidAW 'qy hmlw nhIN kIqw[ isMGW dirAw kol rsUlpur ipMf
pws fyrw lw ilAw[ ies ip`CoN 13 jnvrI 1849 nUM iclIAWvwly
AsQwn 'qy isMGW qy iPOrMgI ivckwr t`kr smyN isMG AwsmwnI ibjlI
dI qrHW AMgryzW 'qy tu`t ky jw pey[ FweI hzwr qoN v`D iPrMgI dI POj
dy ispwhI mwry gey, ijnHW i`vc 89 A&sr sn[ isMGW ny 18 qopW Koh
leIAW[ imstr bYkvl jMg iv`c isMGW dI bhwdrI drswauNdw ilKdw
hY ik jy is`K AMgryzW au~qy ies qrHW dI ie`k hor ij`q pRwpq kr lYNdy
qW pMjwb iv`c hI nhIN, AMgryzW nUM ihMd iv`coN vI h`Q Doxy pYNdy[
52
19 jnvrI nUM srdwr cqr isMG vI Atk kbzy 'c kr ky Syr
isMG nwl rsUlpur Aw imilAw[ dUjy pwsy lwrf gP ny hor &Oj
iek`TI kr leI[ isMG ieh dyK ky gujrwq v`l vDy[ ienHW dI igxqI
30-32 hzwr sI jd ik iPrMgI pws BwrI Asly smyq 50 hzwr sYnw
sI[ gujrwq ivKy 21 PrvrI nUM Gmswx dw Xu`D mìcAw[ qopW dy
goilAW nwL sYink qUMbw qUMbw ho au~f rhy sn[ Awsmwn G`ty nwl Br
igAw qy DrqI KUn nwL lwlo lwl ho geI[ isMGW kol brUd ^qm hox
kr ky auh qygW lihrwauNdy iKsk gey[ kYptn AYbt qy jnrl
iglbrt ny ienHW dw ip`Cw kIqw qy rwvlipMf kol 14 mwrc 1849 nUM
isMG Gyry iv`c Aw gey[ hux qopW mUhry qyg dw kI mukwblw sI[
srdwr Syr isMG, cqr isMG Aqy bhuq swry isMG iPrMgI ny kwbU kr
ley[ ibrD cqr isMG nUM pkV ky klk`qy Byj id`qw Aqy Syr isMG nUM
ivlIAm Port iklHy 'c kYd kr id`qw[ bdiksmqI nwl isMG 3 jMgW
ij`q cOQI Asly dy Gwt kwrn hwr gey[
ies jMg iv`c kwPI isMGW ny AMgryz A`gy hiQAwr su`t id`qy sn
pr mhwrwj isMG Aqy krnl rCpwl isMG ny Awpxy hiQAwr nhIN
su`ty[ hrcMd isMG bwgVI ny ies sMbMDI kwiv rcnw ieM\ kIqI hY:
mhwrwj isMG 'qy 'krnl rCpwl isMG, AxKI dyKy do srdwr bylI[
iglbrt nUM CwqIAW qwx kihMdy, AsW dyxy nhIN qYnUM hiQAwr bylI[
ijauNdy jI nw dyxIAW AsIN qygW, jy lYxIAW golI mwr bylI[
hrcMd isMGw jwn qoN ipAwirAW ny ikhw,
dSmyS ipqw dy AsIN srdwr bylI[
kihMdy ny jnrl iglbrt ny ienHW nUM swbwSy id`qI ik qusIN

jIvn ijaux dI BIK nhIN mMgI[ ieh KuS ho ky Aqy Awaux vwly smyN
'c ienHW qoN kMm lYx leI kuJ pYsy dyx lìgAw[ pr dlyr Aqy sMqoKI
isMGW ny pYsy nhIN ley[
igRPn qy mYsI 1909 nUM ilKI AwpxI pusqk dy pMnw 81 'qy ilKdy
hn ik jo jOhr isMGW ny ienHW jMgW AMdr idKwey Aqy iPrMgI dI &Oj
dy C`ky Cfwey brqwnIAW dy ieiqhwskwr BMbl BUsy 'c pY gey ik
AwpixAW leI ilKIey qW kI ilKIey? ie`k AMgryz iesqrI 'hYrvy'
53
ijhVI pMjwb iv`c XwqRw 'qy sI ilKdI hY..... 'on the occasion of our
recent memorable defeat at Chillianwalla, the prestige of our usually
victorious army experienced a humilating failure. (Hervey, 1853 (1)
422-23)
Bwv swfI Awm qOr qy jyqU &Oj nUM iclIAWvwlw ivKy XwdgwrI
Aqy Apmwnjnk hwr dw mUMh vyKxw ipAw[
is`K rwj dy drbwr 'qy iPrMgI JMfw

28 mwrc 1849 nUM ielIAt, flhOzI dw AYlwn lY ky lwhOr
phuMicAw[ ies ny kONsl dy mYNbrW nUM gvrnr jnrl v`loN ByjIAW
SrqW 'qy dsq^q krn leI AwiKAw[ frwbw ieh id`qw ik jykr
ieh SrqW prvwn nhIN kroNgy qW quhwfIAW jwgIrW ^qm ho jwxgIAW[
29 mwrc 1849 nUM mhwrwjw dlIp isMG, AwKrI vwr Awpxy ipqw dI
SwhI kursI 'qy bYTw[ ie`k pwsy iPrMgI bYTy sn[ ielIAt ny flhOzI
dw AYlwn piVHAw, ijs dy Sbd sn:
'AiqAwcwr qy bdAmnI nUM bMd krn leI pMjwb iv`c AMgryzI
rwj kwiem kIqw jWdw hY[ ......gvrnr jnrl nUM APsos hY ik
mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dy vwrs srdwr dlIp isMG nUM, jdoN ik Ajy
auh bwlk hI hY, mzbUrn q^qoN lwihAw jw irhw hY[
flhOzI v`loN iqAwr kIqIAW SrqW

1) mhwrwjw dlIp isMG Kud Awpxy , Awpxy vwrsW qy Awpxy jwn
nSInW v`loN pMjwb rwj dy swry h`k iqAwgdw hY[
2) ipCly krzy qy jMgI qwvwn bdly lwhOr drbwr dI hr qrHW dI
jwiedwd AMgRyz srkwr jbq kr lvygI[
3) mhwrwjw koihnUr hIrw ieMglYNf dI mlkw nUM Arpx kr dyvygw[
4) mhwrwjw dlIp isMG nUM jo pYnSn id`qI jwvygI auh 4 l`K qy 5
l`K qoN v`D nhIN hovygI[ ieh pYnSn aus nUM aumr Br imldI
rhygI jy auh AMgRyzW dw qwibAwdwr rhygw[
is`KW dy vYrI, cauDr dy Bu`Ky Aqy AMgryzW dy cwplUs qyjw isMG
ny auprokq SrqW vwLy kwgz ijauN hI mhwrwjw dlIp isMG dy h`QW 'c
54
pkVwey aus ny qyzI nwL Awpxy dsq^q kr id`qy[ BwvyN dIvwn dInw
nwQ ny AMgryz srkwr nUM Aijhw nw krn leI dlIl id`qI pr ieh
AxsuxI kr id`qI[ ienHW SrqW au~qy flhOzI, ielIAt, lwrMs,
mhwrwjw dlIp isMG , dInw nwQ, inDwn isMG, PkIr nUr`dIn qy lwl
isMG kwilAW vwly dy jdoN dsq^q ho gey qW ausy vKq lwhOr ik`lyH qoN
^wlseI inSwn auqwr ky AMgRyzI JMfw Julw id`qw igAw[ ies qrHW is`K
rwj dIAW sPW lpytIAW geIAW[
mhwrwjw dlIp isMG v`lNo sMDI dIAW SrqW 'qy qyzI nwl dsq^q
krn dw kwrn ieh ho skdw hY ik bwlk hox dy nwqy rwjw qyjw isMG
v`loN aus nUM mW mhwrwxI nwL imlwaux dw lwlc id`qw igAw hovygw[
eIvYnz bY~l ilKdw hY , "AsIN jwxdy hW ik aus dy slwhkwrW nUM
DmkI id`qI geI sI ik SrqW nw pRvwn krn 'qy auhnW nUM Aqy
Swhjwdy nUM dyS inkwly dw hukm id`qw jwvygw[ mhwrwjy ny ijs PurqI,
ijs kwhlI qy bycYnI nwL kwgzW nUM PiVAw qy dsq^q kIqy, eynw
kihxW hI kw&I hY, ik auh 11 swl dw b`cw nwbwlg sI qy eyho jyhy
mwmilAW iv`c AwpxI rwey pRgt krn dy kwbl nhIN sI"[
cwlbwz, DoKybwz Aqy kmIny flhOzI ny ie`k nwbwlg mhwrwjy
nUM, ijs nUM Awpxw bytw kih ky cMgI isìKAw Aqy suc`jI ivìdAw dyx
leI pihlW mW ijMd kOr qoN A`f kIqw Aqy iPr q^q qoN lwh ky q^qy
qy bYTw id`qw[ ies dI kIqI ieh GtIAw kwrguzwrI bwry ies dy
Awpxy ilKwrIAW dy ibAwn pVHn vwly hn:
myjr AYfvrfz dw ibAwn sI, 'Axjwx lok byS`k swnUM byksUr
mMn lYx pr prmwqmw Aqy swfI zmIr AYsw kdy vI nhIN mMnygI['
myjr eIvYnz bY~l ilKdw hY, 'flhOzI dw pMjwb au~qy kbzw
jwbrwnw ivSvwsGwq sI, aus ny Aihdnwmy qoVy qy ie`k piv`qr Brosy
dI kuvrqoN kIqI....AinAW qy bysmJI nwL ieh kbzw kr ky swfI
srh`d kmzor kr id`qI, swfI &OjI qwkq iKlwr id`qI qy hkUmq
au~qy boJ l`d id`qw[ myrw iKAwl hY, Awaux vwLI nsl qy qwrIK ies
kwrvweI leI myry iKAwlW bwry hwmI BrygI'[
55
jOhn luflo dy ivcwr Anuswr, "dlIp isMG b`cw sI, aus dI
nwbwlgI 1854 iv`c ^qm hoxI sI[ AsIN mulk iv`c Awpxy AwKrI
dwKly vyly (18 nvMbr 1848 nUM) AYlwn kIqw sI ik AsIN blveIAW
(dMgw PswdIAW) nUM szw dyx Aqy rwj dy hiQAwrbMd ivroDIAW nUM
dbwaux leI Awey hW[ AsIN ies pRx dI pwlxw Cy mhIinAW iv`c
swrw mulk jbq kr ky kIqI.....[ pr dlIp isMG nUM ie`k vwrI
prvwx kr ky Aqy eys dI rwKI dI juMmyvwrI lY ky aus nUM ksUrvwr
Tihrwky szw dyxw ie`k mKOl sI'[
jOn silvwn ilKdw hY, 'ieiqhws AMdr Swied ieh pihlI
imswl hY jdoN iksy rKvwly (Guardian) ny AwpxIAW BYVIAW krqUqW
Awpxy pwlqU (Ward) dy isr mVHIAW hox'[ PYslw swfy ivru`D zrUr
hovygw ik, pUrb dy mwmilAW iv`c ies (AMgRyz) kOMm dI koeI zmIr
nhIN hY ('pMjwb au~qy AMgryzW dw kbzw' vwLI gMfw isMG v`loN ilKI
ikqwb dy pMnw 220-21 'qy ieh Sbd drz hn)[
AMgRyzI 'c Cpy ilMk (Link) AKbwr iv`c 30 ApRYl 2016 nUM
fwktr svrwj isMG ny Awpxy lyK 'Kohinoor : A Gift to the British or
Imperialist Loot? (koihnUr : brqwnIAW nUM ie`k qohPw jW swmrwjI
lu`t) iv`c AMikq kIqw hY ik flhOzI v`loN kIqI 1849 vwlI sMDI gYr
kwnUMnI hY ikauNik ie`k nwbwlg dlIp isMG mhwrwjw 'qy JUTy doS mVH
ky kIqI geI sI[ ies leI pMjwb 'qy glq FMg Apxw ky kIqw kbzw
cuxOqI Xog hY[ ....flhOjI ieMglYNf dI mhwrwxI nUM ByNt krn leI
koihnUr hIrw hI lu`t ky nhIN lY igAw sgoN aus ny SwhI ^jwny dIAW
Axigxq v`fmulIAW vsqW Awpxy kbzy kr leIAW, jo sB gYr
kwnUnM I sI[ hor qW hor mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dIAW v`fmulIAW vsqW
sxy sunihrI kursI ijs au~pr bYT auh drbwr lgwauNdw sI lùt pùt ky
lY gey[ ie`k igAwrW swl dy b`cy 'qy ieh JUTy doS lwey ik ies ny
brqwnIAW ivrùD ivdrohIAW nUM aukswieAw[ ijs kwrn dUjI AYNglo
is`K lVweI hoeI[ kuJ smyN bwAd dlIp isMG nUM ieMglYNf iljw ky ie`k
nklI ijhw frwmw rc ky dlIp isMG kueIn ivktorIAw nUM koihnUr hIrw
qohPy vjoN idMdw idKw id`qw'[ ipAwrw isMG pdm vI ilKdy hn ik kI
inAW dI idRStI qoN iksy qrHW vI ieh kbzw jwiez sI?
56
mhwrwjw dlIp isMG nUM pMjwb 'coN k`Fxw
ie`k sYr dy bhwny mhwrwjw dlIp isMG Aqy mhwrwjw Syr isMG
dy pùqr iSvdyv isMG nUM jnm BUmI (pMjwb) 'coN iljw ky PqyH gVH (au~qr
pRdyS) phuMcw id`qw[ ieh 21 dsMbr 1849 ie`k ABwgw idn sI ijs
idn mhwrwjw dlIp isMG ny lwhOr CìfAw Aqy muV swrI aumr pMjwb
dI DrqI 'qy pYr nw pw sikAw[ PqHy gVH iklHy iv`c phuMcw ky aus nUM
AMgryzI pVHweI, Awpxy dyS, vys Aqy rihxI bihxI dI isìKAw
id`qI geI[ iPrMgI dw ieh kdm mhwrwjy nUM is`KI qoN dUr kr ky
eIsweI bnwaux leI puìtAw igAw[ dsMbr 1851 iv`c flhOzI Awp
Aw ky dlIp isMG nUM imilAw[ ies dy ieSwry 'qy dlIp isMG dy kys
k`t ky 8 mwrc 1953 nUM bpiqsmw (Baptism) dy ky eIsweI bxw
id`qw[ kuJ smW ip`CoN flhozI ny ies KuSI iv`c sunihrI ijld vwLI
AMjIl (Bible) ByjI[ qkrIbn ie`k swl dI isìKAw ip`CoN 19 ApRYl
1854 nUM 17 swl dI aumr iv`c dlIp isMG nUM klk`qy iljw ky ieMglYNf
leI rvwnw kr id`qw[ sohx isMG sIql ies sbMDI bVy gMBIr Sbd
aucwrdy hn:
cìlAw dlIp isMG jW, C`f ky ies dyS nUM[
s`DrW kurlweIAW q`k ky, mwqmI vys nUM[
bwdSwh kYdI bx ky, quirAw prdys nUM[
bnwrs jylH AMdr mhwrwxI dI qlwSI lYxw

dUjy pwsy jylH AMdr mhwrwxI s^q pihry hyT sI[ aus ny
mYkgyRgr (Regent) nUM bynqI kIqI ik mYnUM myry vkIl jIvn isMG nwL
imlwau pr srkwr ny imlx dI AwigAw nhIN id`qI[ jIvn isMG ny
AwpxI QW AMgRyz vkIl inaUmwrc nIXq kIqw[ ieh bnwrs AwieAw
Aqy mhwrwxI nUM iml ky aus dy Krcy sMbMDI sUcI iqAwr kIqI[ iPr
ies ny p`qr iv`c ieh iliKAw ik mhwrwxI ^rcy qoN kwPI qMg hY
ikauNik ie`k hzwr pRqI mhInw B`qy iv`coN auh AwpxIAW golIAW nUM vI
Krcw idMdI hY[ ieh p`qr mYkgRygr nUM inaUmwrc ny id`qw jo aus ny 23
AkqUbr 1848 nUM gvrnr jnrl pws Byj id`qw[ gvrnr jnrl ny
57
5 Aqy 11 nvMbr dy p`qrW iv`c au~qr ByijAw, mhwrwxI dy bynqI p`qr
'qy ivcwr krn dI koeI loV nhIN[ auh 1000 rupey iv`c cMgI qrHW
guzwrw kr skdI hY[ mukdI g`l :
hrcMd mYN Juk Juk ky kIey sYNkVy sjdy,
pr Km nw hoeI aus buqy mgrUr kI grdn[
iPr inaumwrc ny klk`qy suprIm kort 'c ApIl kIqI pr

au~Qy vI s&lqw nw imlI[ ies auprMq aus ny mhwrwxI nUM vlwieq
ivKy kort Aw& fwierYktrz pws kys krn dI slwh id`qI Aqy ies
leI 50 hzwr &Is mMgI[ pr ieqnw pYsw ijMdW ik`QoN ilAwauNdI?
auh qW l`KW qoN k`KW iv`c hoeI duKI bYTI sI[ aus ro kurlw rhI Ablw
dI Arz suxnI qW ie`k pwsy rhI duSmx ny jo sB qoN GtIAw
kwrvweI kIqI auh ieh sI ik 14 julweI 1848 nUM mhwrwxI dy swry
bsqr luhw ky do mymW (AYln qy stYnlI) ny pUrI qrHW qlwSI leI[
ie`QoN q`k ky aus dIAW golIAW nwL vI AYsw BYVw ivvhwr kIqw
igAw[ ieiqhwsk ilKqW Anuswr 50 l`K dy gihxy Aqy do l`K nkd
Koh ilAw[ AYsw Srmnwk idRS dyK pMjwb dI SyrnI mhwrwxI Put Put
ky roeI[ iksy sMswr qoN ivdw ho cu`ky mhwrwjy dI mhwrwxI nUM AlP
nMigAW kr ky qlwSI lYx dI kwrvweI jo byiezqI BrI Aqy AsulK`xI
sI qoN hor GtIAw Aqy h`qk BrI g`l hor kI ho skdI hY? Aijhy
hwlwqW iv`c v`fy v`fy jvW mrdW dw isdk, sihj Aqy sbr vI fol
jWdw hY[ auh AMgryz kOm ijhVI Awpxy Awp nUM bVI sìBAk, s`cI-
sùcI Aqy AnuSwsk khwauNdI hY, dunIAW dI sB qoN inrdeI, zwlm,
D`kV Aqy jWglI ho inbVI (ikrpwl isMG bfUg M r)[ hwlW ik mYkgRg
y r
ilKdw hY ik ijMdW dIAW 33 ic`TIAW 'coN ie`k ic`TI iv`c vI AMgryz
ivru`D iksy qrHW dI swijS dI bU nhIN sI AwauNdI[ kwdrXwr burI
soc, BYVy Aqy BirSt bMdy dIAW inSwnIAW ieM\ ibAwn krdw hY:
fwl-fMgxoN s`p nhIN mUl jWdw, BwvyN l`p iv`c du`D iplw mIAW[
burw bwj burweI QIN nw Awvy, l`K Blw ies nwl kmw mIAW[
pUCl ku`qy dI kdy nw hovy is`DI, bwrW brs nVI iv`c pw mIAW[
kwdrXwr prnIq 'qy imly bdlw, BwvyN lvy koeI l`K vwr Azmw mIAW[
58
ijMdW cunwr iklHy 'c bMd
flhOzI ny mYkgyRgr nUM iliKAw, rwxI nUM vwps ilAwaux dI
qWG vwly is`KW dy bhwny sB ivArQ hn[.... pMjwb iv`c kyvl auho
(mhwrwxI) hI mrdW vwlI smJ rKdI hY[ inscy jwxo ik hux ip`Cy
h`tx jW kuJ vwps dyx, jW A`K Jmkx dw vylw nhIN[ so mhwrwxI 'qy
JUTy doS lw ky ik ieh bgwvq dI A`g BVkw rhI hY bnwrs iklHy qoN
14 mIl dUrI 'qy iljw ky iPr ijlHw imrzwpur (XU.pI.) dy pRis`D iklHy
cunwr iv`c bMd kr id`qI[ ieh iklHw bnwrs dy d`Kx v`l hY[
bI.jy. hsrq dy kQn Anuswr mhwrwxI dI ie`k golI bnwrs
iklHy 'coN Prwr ho geI sI[ ies leI iPrMgI ny ies iklHy nUM
AsurìKAq smJdy hoey ijMdW nUM ie`QoN iljw ky 6 ApRYl 1849 nUM
gvrnr jnrl flhOzI dy hukm nwL cunwr iklHy 'c kYd kr id`qw[
aus smyN aus pws nw koeI gihxw, nw jvwhrwq Aqy nw hI Dn sI[
aus dI hr hrkq 'qy s^q nzr r`KI jw rhI sI[pihlIAW golIAW
bdl ky nvIAW r`KIAW geIAW qW ik auh iksy nwL koeI gMF-qu`p nw
kr lvy[mKmlI syj 'qy sOx vwLI Aqy suqMqr rUp iv`c ivcrn vwLI
ijMdW A`j kMifAW dI syj Aqy jylH dIAW slwKW AMdr sON ky Aiq duKW
BirAw jIvn bqIq kr rhI sI[
cunwr dw ieh iklHw gMgw dy q`t 'qy lwl p`Qr nwl auswirAw
hoieAw 1029 ey. fI. nUM swhwidau ny bxvwieAw sI[ ies iklHy dI
DrqI qoN aucweI qkrIbn 104 Pu`t hY Aqy 52 QMmW vwlw hY, ArQwq
v`fy Awkwr vwlw hY[ pihlW pihl ieh mugl bwdSwhW -bwbr,
hmWXU, Akbr Awid dy kbzy iv`c sI[ sMn 1772 iv`c eIst ieMfIAw
kMpnI ny Awpxy AiDkwr KyqR 'c ilAw ik ieQy Aslw Aqy bwrUd dw
BMfwr rìKAw[ iPr kuJ smW bnwrs dy mhwrwjw cyq isMG dy ADIn
irhw[ pr 1781 iv`c vwrn hysitMgz (Warrn Hastings) ny cunwr nUM
Awpxy ADIn kr ilAw Aqy sYinkW dI CwauxI bxw id`qI[ auprMq
1815 qoN v`Ko v`K sUibAW dy kYdI r`Kxy SurU kr id`qy[ ieM\ ies iklHy
nUM bhuq hI surìKAq jwx ky mhwrwxI ijMdW nUM 6 ApRYl 1849 nUM ieQy
kYd kr id`qw[
59
mhwrwxI dw cunwr 'coN inklxw
prmwqmw dy Bwxy bwry iksy nUM koeI ielm nhIN huMdw[ bMdy nUM su`K
Aqy du`K aus dy Bwxy AMdr hI ivAwpdy hn[ qkVw qW sKqweI vrq
ky doSI nUM AwpxI jMjIr 'c AYsw jkVdw hY ik auh Prwr nw ho sky[
pr jo pRBU nUM iDAwauNdw hY Aqy aus nwL pRIq joVI rKdw hY duSmx aus
dw kuJ ivgwV nhIN skdw[ mhwrwxI dw is`KW dy Gr jnm hox kr
ky auh gurbwxI Awsry pRBU nwl juVI hoeI sI[ ieiqhwsk q`Q drswauNdy
hn ik mhwrwxI dI mMg 'qy mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG ny sRI gurU gRMQ
swihb jI iv`coN sRI gurU nwnk dyv jI dw aucwrn kIqw ie`k Sbd Aqy
sRI gurU Arjn dyv jI dy do Sbd aus dI Ardws vwLI ikqwb
(Prayer Book) iv`c drj krvwey sn[ auh iqMn Sbd Ardws krn
qoN pihlW hr roz aucwrn krdI sI[ aus dI ieh Prayer Book
brqwnIAW dI lwiebRyrI iv`c mOjUd hY[ ies au~pr gurU nwnk dyv jI,
BweI mrdwnw jI Aqy BweI bwlw jI dw icqR aukirAw hoieAw hY[
Bwv mhwrwxI dw gurbwxI 'qy pUrn Brosw sI[ Brosw (Faith) ienswn
AMdr v`fI qwkq pYdw kr idMdw hY, aus dw hOslw vDw ky ij`q idvw
idMdw hY[ gurU dI ikRpw hox nwl bMdw hnyry 'coN inkl ky cwnx iv`c
cilAw jWdw hY[ bweIbl iv`c vI ieh Sbd drz hn:
Faith is a leap into the light, It provides holy spirit but holy spirt
does not work until the word of God has been spoken.
Bwv Brosw cwnx vl iljwx vwLI aulWG hY[ ieh Awqmk joS
pYdw krdw hY pr AYsw joS r`bI nwm lYx qoN vgYr pYdw nhIN huMdw[
gurU jog nwL mn rUpI joq jg pYNdI hY Aqy smìsAw 'coN inklx
leI jugq jnm lYNdI hY[ AYsI gurU dI ikRpw hI mhwrwxI 'qy hoeI
hovygI[ ieh ie`k AcMBy vwLI g`l sI ik cunwr iklHy iv`c kYd krn
smyN qoN 12 idn bwAd (18 ApRYl 1849 nUM) mhwrwxI ijMdW auQoN ckmw
dy ky inkl geI[ ipAwrw isMG pdm ilKdw hY, "auh pMjwb dI j`tI,
Syir-ey-pMjwb dI mihbUbw qy mhwrwjw dlIp isMG dI mwqw, golI dw
Bys bxw isr au~qy gwgr r`K iklHy iv`coN n`s geI[' srdwr sohx isMG
sIql lyfI lwgn v`loN ilKI ikqwb dy pMnw 119 dw hvwlw dy ky ilKdy
60
hn ik ijMdW 18 ApRYl 1849 dI A`DI rwq audwsI sMqxI dw BgvW vys
Dwrn kr ky ikilHauN bwhr inklI[ pihry vwLy ny puìCAw, qUM kOx hY?
qW ijMdW ny A`goN au~qr id`qw, "mYN jMgl iv`c rihx vwLI ie`k audwsI
sMqwxI hW[ mhwrwxI ny Drm aupdyS lYx vwsqy mYnUM sìdAw sI[ aus
nUM aupdyS dy ky ijs qrHW corI corI rwq nUM AweI sW, ausy qrHW corI-
corI bwhr jw rhI hW[" pihrydwr fr nwL kMb au~iTAw[ auh socdw,
'jy hkUmq nUM pqw l`g igAw, ik koeI bwhroN mhwrwxI nUM imlx
AwauNdw hY qW pqw nhIN kI szw imly[ so cMgw hY ik ijvyN ieh corI
corI AweI hY, ausy qrHW clI jwey, qy iksy dUsry nUM pqw nw l`gy[ so
aus ny muV ky nw Awaux dI qwVnw kr ijMdW nUM bwhr clI jwx id`qw[
pihrydwr dw fr mhwrwxI dI irhweI dw vsIlw bixAw[
ieh qW mhwrwxI hI jwxdI sI ik auh iks hwlq iv`c Aqy
ikhVI jugq Apxw ky inklI? mhW krVweI dy hwlwqW AMdr jyLH 'coN
inklxW v`fy ihrdy, ijgry Aqy dlyrI vwlw kiTn kMm sI[ auh
AMgryz A&sr ijhVy kwmI, hMkwrI, hrwmI, iSkwrI, SrwbI Aqy
kbwbI sn dy pMjy 'coN Cu`txw cwhuMdI sI[ AwKIr gurU ny AYsw Bwxw
vrqwieAw ik jylH 'coN aus dI bMd KlwsI ho geI[ gurbwxI dy vI bol
hn 'bMd KlwsI Bwxy hoie]' auh mwlk, rojI dihMd Aqy jIvn dihMd
bMdy nUM au~Qy phuMcw idMdw hY ijQy aus dw Kwxw-dwxw iliKAw huMdw hY[
auh pRBU qW aUc qoN nIc, nIc qoN aUc, rMk qoN rwjw, rwjy qoN rMk, AmIr
qoN grIb, grIb qoN AmIr ie`k iCn mwqR smyN iv`c bxw idMdw hY[
kvISr mohx isMG rofy lMfy vwilAW ny mhwrwxI ijMdW dy jylH 'coN
inklx smyN dy hwlwqW nUM kwiv-rUp iv`c ieM\ AMikq kIqw- 'rwijAW
qoN BIK mMgw nI AVIey kI kIqw qkdIry? ikhVw qyrw dyS nI mMgx
vwlIey?'
jy. AY~s. bydI ny mulk rwj AwnMd dI ilKq dw hvwlw dy ky
iliKAw hY ik mhwrwxI ny cunwr 'coN inklx qoN pihlW 4 p`qrIAW
ilKIAW jo aus dI idRVqw dI inSwnI pRgtwauNdIAW hn[ ienHW
p`qrIAW 'qy srkwr nUM vMgwr pweI ik mYN koeI cor dI inAweIN nhIN
inklI[ qusIN mYnUM ipMjry 'c bMd kr ky aus nUM ijMdry lgw id`qy[ pr
quhwfy ijMdirAW Aqy Awly-duAwly iPr rhy ispwhIAW iv`c dI mYN
61
ikvyN nw ikvyN bVy Ascrz FMg nwl auQoN Awpxy Awp inklI hW Aqy
iksy ny vI myrI m`dd nhIN kIqI[ jwx smyN aus ny do p`qrIAW g`dI
hyT, ie`k plMG 'qy Aqy ie`k iklHy dy drvwzy kol su`tI[
auprokq Sbd mhwrwxI dy idl dI idAwlqw vI drswauNdy
hn[ ieh Awm dyiKAw igAw hY ik jdoN koeI kYdI jylH 'coN dOV jwvy
qW aus dI ingrwnI kr rhy sMqrIAW Aqy syvwdwrW dI Swmq Aw
jWdI hY[ aunHW dy bcwA leI mhwrwxI ny sUicq kr id`qw ik mYN Awp
iksy ikRSmy duAwrw inklI hW Aqy iksy ny myrI m`dd nhIN kIqI[
19 ApRYl dI svyr jdoN jylH dy krmcwrIAW nUM pqw lìgAw ik
mhwrwxI ijMd kOr rwq smyN jylH 'coN inkl geI hY qW aunHW nUM h`QW pYrW
dI pY geI[ ie`ky dm ^br lwhOr Aqy klk`qy gvrnr jnrl flhOzI
pws phuMc geI[ pulIs dIAW tukVIAW QW QW 'qy mhwrwxI dI Koj
iv`c l`g geIAW pr auh iehnW dy h`Q nw l`gI[ pqw nhIN auh ivcwrI
ik`Qy ik`Qy jw ky lukI Aqy rotI pwxI dw pRbMD vI ikvyN kIqw? ieh
ielwkw vI aus leI nvW sI[ ieQoN dIAW iesqRIAW dw pihrwvw vI
pMjwbxW nwloN v`Krw sI[ mhwrwxI dy idl AMdr sUrmgqI sI Aqy
prK dI GVI[ie`k kvI dy idl tuMbvyN bol hn:
sUrmw kdy nI sih skdw, dr qoN imlIAW hwrW nUM[
ijvyN jOhrI prKdw hIry nUM, auvyN smW prKdw XwrW nUM[
62
AiDAwie 4
mhwrwjw dlIp isMG nUM dyS inkwLw dyxw
AMgryz jo Awpxy Awp nUM ie``k sìBAk kOm dy ienswn khwauNdy
hn dI soc Aqy iemwn dyKo ijnHW ny is`K rwj qy pUrI qrHW kwbz ho ky
pihlW mhwrwxI (dlIp isMG dI mW) nUM dyS inkwlw id`qw[auprMq 11
swl dy mhwrwjy nUM byrihmI nwL g`dIauN auqwirAw Aqy aus dI mwq
BUmI 'coN kìFAw[auh flhOzI ijhVw kihMdw sI ,"AsIN mhwrwjw
dlIp isMG dy bwlk hox nwqy ies dI rKvwlI leI bWh PVI hY, aus
nwl kYsw ivvhwr kr irhw hY"[ies dI koJI nIqI bwry imstr luflo
ilKdw hY,"dlIp ie`k b`cw sI[aus dI bwlk-AvsQw 1854'c pUrI
hoxI sI[ AsIN (AMgryz) aus dy rìKAk bxy hoey sW[jdoN AsIN
AwKrI vwr auhdy mulk iv`c dwKl hoey, qW 18 nMvbr 1848 nUM AYlwn
kIqw sI ik swfI Awmd bwgIAW nUM szw dyx vwsqy qy is`K drbwr
(dlIp isMG dI srkwr) dy ivroDIAW nUM dbwaux vwsqy hI hY pr AsIN
ies iekrwr nUM A`KoN proKy kr ky aus dy swry mulk nUM Cy mhIny iv`c
AMgryzI rwj nwl imlw ilAw[29 mwrc 1849 nUM pMjwb qy is`K rwj
dy ^qm hox dw AYlwn kr id`qw Aqy bwlk mhwrwjy nUM pYnSn dy ky
aus dI swrI jwiedwd hV`p kr leI jgq pRis`D koihnUr hIrw mlkw
dI Bytw vwsqy lY ilAw[dUjy SbdW iv`c AsIN mhwrwjy dI rwKI dw
rwg Alwp ky swrw mulk kwbU kr ilAw["(Ludlow's British India,Vol,II
page 166)
lwgn mhwrwjy dw AMg rìKAk

jlMDr qoN fwktr lwgn (Login) nUM bulw ky dlIp isMG dw AMg
rìKAk bxwieAw igAw[aus dI 1200 rupey pRqI mhInw qnKwh
mukrr kIqI Aqy dlIp isMG dy mihl jo ie`k suMdr bwg iv`c siQ`q
sI dy nwl lgdy mihl iv`c aus dI rhwieS kIqI geI[kuJ idnW
ip`CoN dlIp isMG Aqy lwgn dy kmirAW iv`c dI kMD qoV ky drvwzw
r`K id`qw igAw qW ik lwgn dlIp nUM hr vkq dyK sky[srkwr dI
SYqwnI dyKo lwgn dI A`DI qnKwh (600 rupey) dlIp isMG nUM iml
rhI pYnSn iv`coN dyx dw hukm kIqw[
63
srkwrI ieSwirAW Aqy hukmW nUM mu`K r`K ky clwk lwgn nyy sB
qoN pihlW mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dy qoSyKwny dI qlwSI leI[ies
iv`coN koihnUr hIrw qW flhOzI nUM Byj id`qw ijhVw auh 6 ApRYl 1850
nUM ie`k cMm dI pytI iv`c lko ky jo aus ny l`k nwl bMnHI hoeI sI lY ky
bMbeI phuMicAw[A`gy aus ny ie`k jhwz dy kpqwn rYmzy nUM sONp ky ieh
hIrw vlwieq nUM Byj id`qw[lwgn ny qoSyKwny dy AnykW hIry jvwhrwq
Aqy kImqI vsqW 15 l`K rupey dIAW bwzwr iv`c nIlwm kr id`qIAW,
jo mhwrwjy dlIp isMG dI mlkIAq sn[Kzwny dI lu`t ip`CoN Aglw
hmlw dlIp isMG 'qy ivìdAW p`KoN kIqw[ mhwrwjw aus smyN guurmuKI
Aqy &wrsI pVH Aqy ilK skdw sI[pr lwgn ny AwauNdy swr gurmuKI
dI pVHweI bMd krvw id`qI Aqy AMgryzI pVHwaux leI QOms lYNbrt
bwrlo (Thomas Lambort Barlow) AiDAwpk r`K id`qw[ieh dlIp
nUM AwpxI mW bolI nwloN qoVn dI cwl sI qy nwl hI aus nUM gurbwxI,
gurU ieiqhws qoN vWiJAW r`Kx dI g`l sI[gurbwxI dy gutky dI QW
mhwrwjy nUM AMzIl pkVw id`qI[
sohx isMG sIql jI ilKdy hn, isAwixAW dw kQn hY, "isìKAw
p`Qr pwV idMdI hY[" Bwv ijho ijhI isìKAw auho ijhI iviQAw jW
ivcwrDwrw[lwgn ny dlIp AMdr is`KW dI kihxI, krnI, rihxI qy
bihxI ivru`D zihr BrnI SurU kr id`qI[ieh aus nUM hr roz ieh
sbk isKwauNdw ik is`KW dI AwpxI lVweI ny qyry rwj dw AMq kr
id`qw[ienHW dI soc mwr-mrweI vwLI hY[vYr Bwvnw ienWH dy idl iv`c
vsI hoeI hY[ieh qW qyrI jwn dy vI vYrI hn[ AMgryz ny qyry nwL v`fI
hmdrdI idKweI hY, ies leI qYnUM cMgI pYnSn iml rhI hY[ dlIp
bwlpn kr ky AxBol sI[ie`k khwvq Anuswr,'jwdU so jo isr cVH
ky boly'[lwgn dI isìKAw ny mhwrwjy nUM ieqnw dihlw id`qw ik 29
ApRYl 1849 dI ie`k ic`TI iv`c aus ny lwgn nUM jo iliKAw aus dy ieh
Sbd Kws sn,'is`KW 'qy mYnUM Brosw nhIN irhw[mYN qW hux sYr krn vI
bwhr nhIN jWdw['
28 nvMbr 1849 nUM flhOzI AwieAw Aqy 3 dsMbr nUM dlIp
isMG nwL im`TIAW-im`TIAW g`lW kr ky vwps kl`kqy cilAw
igAw[klk`qy phuMc ky ies kwier, buzidl Aqy frpok ny 11 dsMbr
64
nUM ie`k p`qr rwhIN sUicq kIqw,' ieh pihlW &Yslw ho cu`kw hY ik is`K
rwj Kohy jwx ip`CoN dlIp isMG pMjwb iv`c nhIN rih skdw[.....
PqHygV (XU.pI) iv`c mhwrwjy vwsqy Gr iqAwr hY[aus nUM lY jwx leI
&Oj iqAwr hY[ie`k &OjI dsqw aus dI srIrk rìKAw leI lwhOr
Awvygw Aqy mlkw dI ATHwrvIN rjmYNt dIAW do kMpnIAW pihlW hI
au~Qy hn[prDwn sYnwpqI nUM vI ikhw igAw hY ik ies &Oj dI m`dd
leI ie`k rjmYNt hor dyvy [rsqy iv`c mhwrwjy dy kw&ly dI ingrwnI
leI Aqy Tihr smyN rhwieS Aqy Kwxy dwxy dw pRbMD lwgn krygw[
gvrnr jnrl ny kyvl mhwrwjy nUM hI nhIN sgoN Syir-ey-pMjwb dy bc
gey jIAW iSvdyv isMG pu`qr mhwrwjw Syr isMG Aqy mhwrwjw Syr
iSMG dI rwxI nUM vI mhwrwjy dy nwl qorn dw hukm id`qw[ieM\
mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dw swrw prvwr pMjwb 'co aujwVn dw AwdyS
id`qw[
gvrnr jnrl dy sk`qr ny lwgn nUM ieh vI icqwvnI id`qI ik
mhwrwjy dy mihl dw koeI vI S`kI bMdw nwl nhIN jwxw cwhIdw[ hor
hdwieqW jo lwgn nUM id`qIAW auh sn,'mhwrwjy nUM PqHygVH iljwx
sMbMDI Xojnw nUM gupq r`Kxw[ies dI iBxk bwhr nhIN jwxI cwhIdI
Aqy nw hI mhwrwjy nUM Aqy aus dy nwL jwx vwilAW nUM d`sxw ik quhwnUM
ik`Qy iljwieAw jw irhw hY[ quhwfy nwl jwx vwLy su`riKAk sYink
pUrI qrWH sqRk rihx ik mhwrwjy nUM rwq smNy koeI auTw ky nw lY
jwey[jykr koeI D`ky nwL iljwx dI koiSS kry qW mukwbly leI
iqAwr -br-iqAwr rihx[ lwgn nUM bVy s^q SbdW 'c sucyq kIqw
ik 21dsMbr 1849 nUM svyry s`q vjy zrUr c`l pYxw[
gorI srkwr is`KW dI qwkq qoN frdI sI[auh jwxdI sI ik
jykr dlIp isMG nUM pMjwboN bwhr lY jwx dI kwrvweI &ylH ho geI qW
Kqrnwk hwlwq pYdw ho jwxgy[srkwr is`KW dy AxKIly, isrVI Aqy
jMgjU suBwA qoN pUrI qrWH vwik& sI[auh bhuq hI soc ivcwr ky hr
kdm pùt rhI sI[aus nUM ies g`l dw igAwn sI ik is`KW nwl lVweI
mu`l lYxI nwgW nUM h`Q pwaux dy qu`l hY, su`qy SyrW nUM jgwaux dI qrWH qy
lwVI mOq nUM ivAwhux vWg hY[
65
PqHygVH vl cwlw
klk`qy qoN p`qr iv`c ilKIAW hdwieqW muqwbk lwgn ny 21
dsMbr 1849 nUM lwhOr qoN qurn leI pUrI iqAwrI mukmM l kr leI[BwvyN
c`lx leI svyr dy 7 vjy dw smW mukrr kIqw igAw sI pr srdI
dw mOsm hox kwrn svyry auTxo lyt ho gey ijs kr ky 9 vjy c`ly[ieh
idn mhwrwjy dy jIvn iv`c A`q dw kwlw sI ikauNik auh i&r AwpxI
mwq BUmI 'qy pYr nw pw sikAw[ ieh kwrvW cwr GoiVAW vwlI b`GI
'qy bYT 20 ku ispwhIAW dI ingrwnI hyT &Irozpur v`l nUM sYr bhwny
vwho dwhI jw irhw sI[ jdoN pMjwb srkwr dy pRDwn hYnrI lwrMs nUM
pqw cìlAw ik lwgn mhwrwjy nUM kyvl 20 Ssqr DwrI ispwhIAW
nwl lY ky lwhOr qoN 9 vjy cìlAw hY qW aus ny rIjYNt nUM kw&I JwV
pweI[aus ny lwgn nUM sunyhw ByijAw ik qUM aus DrqI iv`c dI mhwrwjy
nUM iljw irhw hYN ijs dy bMdy sIs qlI 'qy r`KI i&rdy hn[ qYnMU Awpxy
nwL ie`k A&sr dI kmWf hyT G`to G`t 100 ispwhI r`Kxy cwhIdy
sn[ hux ies g`l dw iKAwl r`KIN ik rsqy iv`c Awm lookW nUM mhwrwjy
nUM imlx jW svwgq krn dI AwigAw nhIN dyxI[
hYnrI lwrMs ny 23 qRIk nUM swry ijlwH kimSnrW v`l hdwieqW
Byj id`qIAW ik quhwfy sYink A`Dy rwh q`k mhwrwjy dy kw&ly dI
ih&wzq leI jwx Aqy A`goN dUjy ijlyH dy sYink lY ky jwx[rwq smyN
ij`Qy Tihrnw hY au`Qy dUhry pihry lwey jwx[mhwrwjy dy Tihrn vwly
kmry 'c rwq smyN cwnx rìKAw jwvy[aus kmry dy igrd AMgryz
ispwhI hI pihrw dyx[
dMsbr dy AKIr ieh 'b`sIAW koTI' nzdIk rweykot (luiDAxw)
phuMcy[ieh iemwrq (koTI) 200 swl qoN vI v`D purwxI bxI hoeI
hY[brqwnIAW srkwr smyN ieh &OjI BrqI dw kyNdr sI Aqy kuJ
A&srW dI irhwieS vI ie`Qy sI[ie`k jwxkwrI muqwbk 1 jnvrI
1850 nUM nvyN swl dy zsn ies koTI iv`c mnwey gey[dyS dI AwzwdI
dy Gol smyN kUkw lihr dy kuJ bMdy vI ieQy &WsI ltkwey gey[dyS
Awzwd hox ip`CoN ieh koTI pMjwb dy isMcweI ivBwg dw mu`K d&qr vI
rhI [ ies koTI iv~c 1984 dy dOrwn sI.Awr.pI.AYP. Aqy pMjwb
66
pulIs ny vI Awpxw A`fw bxw ky is`K nOjvwnW 'qy bVy qS`dd
Fwhy[mhwrwjw dlIp isMG nUM PqHg
y VH (XU.pI.) iljwx smyN ieQy Tihrwaux
kr ky Aqy is`K kOm dI ieiqhwsk jgwH nUM mu`K r`K ky pMjwb srkwr
ny ies ^sqw hoeI iemwrq nUM sohxy FMg nwL murMmq krvw ky bhuq
hI ivDI pUrvk ivaNuq nwl 'mhwrjw dlIp isMG Xwdgwr' 2015 iv`c
bxvweI hY[ies koTI iv`c mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dy is`K rwj,
mhwrwxI ijMdW dy du`KW Bry jIvn Aqy mhwrwjw dlIp isMG sMbMDI
lwhOr, ieMglYNf, &rWs Awid qoN purwqn icqRkwrI hwsl kr ky aunWH
nUM buhq hI Swndwr FMg nwL ic`qrq kIqw igAw hY[ies qoN ielwvw
kuJ vsqW jo pRwpq hoeIAW, Syir-ey-pMjwb dI sunihrI kursI dw
nmUnw (Asl kursI qW ieMglYNf ivKy hY) vI bxvw ky rìKAw hY[
b`sIAW koTI qoN qur ky ieh AMbwly phuMcy[ie`Qy Tihr dOrwn
p`CmI sìBAqw dI pwx cwVHn leI mhwrwjy nUM ArD nMgIAW gorIAW
dw nwc idKwieAw igAw[ ijvyN ic`ty k`pVy 'qy rMg vDIAw cVHdw hY
iesy qrHW bcpn iv`c b`cy nUM id`qI isìKAw aus dy idmwg AMdr sihjy
hI bYT jWdI hY ikauNik aus dw mn du`D vwNg ic`tw huMdw hY[ ieh sB
kuJ dlIp nUM KuS r`Kx leI vI kIqw jw irhw sI ikauNik auh keI vwr
mW ijMdW nUM Xwd kr kr byvsw, byv&w, byrsw Aqy ibhbl ho jwNdw
sI[
AMbwly qoN c`l ky shwrnpur iv`c dI huMdy hoey rsqy 'c TihrW
krdy 29 jnvrI 1850 nUM jmnw pwr kr AwKIr 17 &rvrI nUM PqHygVH
iklyH iv`c phuMc gey[ieh iklwH gMgw dy iknwry bixAw hoieAw hY[ies
iklyH dy dohIN pwsI &OjI cONkIAW sn[iklyH dy nyVy hI dlIp isMG nUM
r`Kx leI nvW Gr iqAwr krvwieAw igAw sI[ ies Gr dy AwLy-
duAwLy idn rwq ispwhI pihrw idMdy sn[ BwvyN mhwrwjy dy sYr-spwty
leI cwr GoiVAW vwLI b`GI, suMdr ArbI GoVy, AMgryz A&sr, 5-
6 hwQI Aqy nvyN nOkr r`Ky hoey sn pr shI l&zW 'c mhwrwjw kYdI
sI[
mhwrwjw Syr isMG dI rwxI Aqy iSvdyv isMG nUM nyVy hI ie`k hor
Gr 'c TihrwieAw igAw[ ie`Qy hI rwxI dw Brw mIAW auq`m isMG
67
rihMdw sI[ dlIp isMG Aqy iSvdyv (cwcw BqIjw) idn smyN iek`Ty
KyfHdy sn[ pr rwq smyN iSvdyv rwxI nwL sONdw sI[ rwxI bVI
suMdr, smJdwr Aqy swhsI sI[ auh keI vwr mhwrwjy leI bVy pRym
nwL Kwxw iqAwr krdI sI Aqy iSvdyv Aqy dlIp isMG nUM koL ibTw
ky BwrI rIJ nwL Kwxw KuAwauNdI sI pr ies leI vI lwgn qoN
iezwzq lYxI pYNdI sI[
PqHygVH rihMidAW mhwrwjy nUM 10 hzwr pRqI mhInw pYnSn
imldI sI[ ies pYnSn nwL lwgn, hor AMgryz A&srW Aqy nOkrW
cwkrW ny bVIAW AYSW kIqIAW[ lwgn kdy rwjy dy jnm idn dw Aqy
kdy iksy iqauhwr dw bhwnw bxw ky pwrtIAW r`K lYNdw sI ijnHW iv`c
mu`K A&srW nUM dwAvq dy s`dy Byjdw sI[ 19 meI 1850 nUM ie`k ic`TI
jo lwgn ny AwpxI pqnI nUM ilKI iv`c ilKdw hY, "qUM s`c jwxI, mYN
mhwrwjy dy ^rc au~qy mn-mrzI dIAW mOjW mwx skdw hW, ijvyN auh
sB kuJ myrw Awpxw hI hY"[
dlIp isMG nUM gurU nwnk dI is`KI qoN dUr r`Kx leI is`K rwj
dy ^wqmy dI g`l aus dy mn 'coN k`Fx leI Aqy mW ijMdW dI Xwd
Bulwaux leI lwgn ny ies dw ivAwh krn sMbMDI flhOzI nUM 16
julweI 1850 dy p`qr iv`c suJwA id`qw[ aunHW idnW 'c bìcAW dw
ivAwh CotI aumr (12-15 swl) iv`c hI kr id`qw jWdw sI[ ies ny
iliKAw ik mhwrwjw BwvyN cyq isMG dI lVkI nwL mMigAw hoieAw hY
pr hux aus nwl ivAwh nhIN krwauxw cwhuMdw[ Asl iv`c aus dI
lVkI nwL ivAwh nw krwaux dI pVHq vI dlIp isMG nUM lwgn ny hI
pVHweI sI[ lwgn ny iliKAw , "mYN cwhuMdw hW ik rwjw kurg (jo
eIsweI bx cu`kw hY) dI lVkI, Aj klH bnwrs AweI hoeI hY qy ijs
nUM AMgryz bìcAW vWg pwilAw igAw hY, aus nUM rwjw au~c ivìdAw
vwsqy vlwieq Byjx nUM iqAwr hY, dlIp isMG aus nUM AwpxI rwxI
bnwaux leI cux lvy[ ieh lVkI 8 swl dI bVI suSIl Aqy suMdr
hY"[
flhOzI ny lwgn nUM aus dy p`qr dw au~qr ienHW SbdW 'c id`qw,
"myry iKAwl iv`c mhwrwjy vwsqy quhwfy swry ivcwr bVy ivauNq Bry
68
hn[ pr Awaux vwlw jIvn aus dw bhuqI Swn vwlw nhIN hovygw[
ijqnW qusIN socdy hoN...... mhwrwjy dw ivAwh dw pRbMD krnw swfy
vwsqy AOKw hovygw[ mYN kdy nhIN cwhuMdw ik mhwrwjy Aqy is`KW iv`c
koeI irSqw hovy[.... jykr auh cwhy qW kurg dIAW lVkIAW iv`coN
ivAwh vwsqy cux lvy, qW mYN nWh nhIN krWgw[ " flhOzI mhwrwjy dy
ivAwh dy pRbMD dI AOiKAweI bwry ilKdw hY, ihMdosqwn AMdr is`K
mhwrwjy dw ivAwh ie`k eIsweI kuVI nwL hoxw nhIN jrngy[ ies
sMbMDI auh gdr mcw dyxgy ijs nUM kwbU krnw AOKw ho jwvygw[
dlIp isMG nUM eIsweI m`q 'c prvyS krn dIAW iqAwrIAW
zor PV geIAW[ mhwrwjy dw AiDAwpk krIm b^S jo &wrsI
pVHwauNdw sI aus nUM PqHygVH qoN lwhOr vwps Byj id`qw[ aus dI QW Bjn
lwl jo &wrUKwbwd dw vwsI sI Aqy ijs ny ihMdU Drm nUM qlWjlI dy
ky eIsweIAq kbUl kr leI sI AMgryzI pVHwaux leI r`K id`qw[ieh
&wrU^wbwd AmrIkn imSn skUl 'c piVHAw sI[ mn kr ky ieh bVw
clwk Aqy ûSgvwr ienswn sI[ ies nUM AwiKAw igAw ik qyrw mu`K
kMm dlIp isMG nUM is`KI 'coN k`F ky eIsweI Drm 'c prvyS krn dw
hY[ ijs ienswn ny cwr kOfIAW qnKwh leI Awpxw Drm iqAwg
id`qw auh mhwrwjy nUM ikvyN Drm prIvrqn qoN rok skdw sI[ ies ny
AMgryz dI SwbwS lYx leI dlIp isMG nUM is`KI ivru`D p`tI pVHwauxI
SurU kr id`qI Aqy eIsweI Drm dy cMgw hox dw pwT pVwHauxw SurU kr
id`qw[ bcpn 'c qW ividAwrQI BoLw huMdw hY[ ijho ijhw aus nUM sbk
isKwieAw jWdw hY auh is`K lYNdw hY[ pVHweI qoN ielwvw dlIp nUM
iKfwauxw vI AMgryz bìcAW nwl SurU kr id`qw ijhVy mony sn[ ies
dy nOkr-cwkr vI sB mony hI sn[ khwvq hY ik ^rbUjy nUM dyK ^rbUjw
rMg vtw lYNdw hY[ is`K dI mu`K inSwnI kys hn[ so mhwrwjy dw is`KI
Bys imtwaux leI Aglw kdm aus dy kys ktvwaux dw sI[ Bjn
lwl ny lwgn nUM dìsAw ik dlIp nUM Awpxy vwL aupry aupry l`gx l`g
pey hn[
dyKo mhwrwjy dy rìKAk lwgn dy idl iv`c aus nUM eIsweI
bnwaux leI ikqnI iKH`c sI[ ieh AwpxI pqnI nUM 6 meI 1849 nUM
^q iv`c ilKdw hY, "mhwrwjw myry koloN AMgryzI pwT is`Kx iv`c bVw
69
KuS hY[ mYN aus nUM AMjIl dw isDWq (Do unto others as you would
they should do) Bwv jo qusIN krdy hoN auh dUijAW qoN krwau Aqy aunHW
nUM krnw cwhIdw hY[ ie`k hor ^q jo ies ny 15 &rvrI 1850 nUM
iliKAw aus iv`c AMikq kIqw, " myrI idlI ie`Cw hY, ik ies bwlk
mhwrwjy Aqy sihzwdy iSvdyv isMG au~qy eIsweI m`q sMbMDI swfw cMgw
pRBwv pvy qy swfI vlwieq dI rihxI Aqy AMgryz iesqrI dy ipAwr
krn dw AnoKw FMg aus dy idl iv`c pYdw kIqw jwvy' (lyfI lwgn pMnw
159)[ ienHW lokW dI AYsI soc drswauNdI hY ik mhwrwjy dy kys jo
is`KI AMdr gurU dI mohr hn Aqy dsqwr jo is`KI dw qwj hY, kMfy vWg
cuB rhI sI[
lwgn nvMbr 1850 iv`c ie`k mhIny leI ibmwrI dI Cu`tI lY ky
klk`qy cilAw igAw[ jwx lìgAW ieh dlIp nUM kYptn kYNpbY~l
(Campbell) dy spurd kr igAw Aqy kih igAw ik mhwrwjy nUM p`kw
eIsweI bxw dy[ kYNpbY~l lyfI lwgn dw Brw sI[ ies ny AwpxI b`ly
b`ly krwaux leI mhwrwjw A`gy eIsweI Drm gRihx krn dI rt lw
id`qI[ hux ieh AMgryzW 'c iGirAw 12 swl dw bwlk sI [ ieh
kihx l`g igAw, "mYnUM eIsweIpuxw cMgw lgdw hY, ies leI mYN
eIsweI bxnw cwhuMdw hW"[ Bwv ijho ijhI bwlk nUM m`q id`qI jWdI
hY auho ijhI gq ho jWdI hY Aqy auh ausy qrHW hI jp krn lg jWdw
hY[ kYNpbY~l ny 20 dsMbr nUM ic`TI iLK id`qI ik mhwrwjy ny 8 dsMbr
nUM mwstr Qwms skwt (Thomas Scott) nUM dìsAw mYN eIsweI bxnw
cwhuMdw hW[ pr lwgn ny au~qr iv`c iliKAw ik Ajy mhwrwjw AwpxI
rihxI bihxI jW Drm iv`c koeI qbdIlI nw kry, ijs dy nwL aus
dy is`K syvkW nUM koeI du`K hovy[ aus dI rwey hY ik mhwrwjy dI AjyhI
soc huxy prgt krnw Ajy AgyqrI hY[ ies qoN is`D huMdw hY ik lwgn
BwvyN cwhuMdw sI ik mhwrwjw CyqI qoN CyqI eIsweI bx jwvy pr auh
ieh nhIN sI cwhuMdw ik ieh bwjI kYNpbY~l mwr jwvy[
flhOzI 25 dsMbr 1850 nUM PqHygVH ieh jwxn leI phuMicAw
ik eIsweI bxn dw dlIp isMG dw kI ivcwr hY[ dyKo ienswn dy
Asl Drm qoN dUjy Drm iv`c ilAwaux leI kYsw D`kw ho irhw hY, auh
vI ie`k nwbwlg nwL[ sohx isMG sIqL jI dI ilKq Anuswr
70
flhOzI ny ie`Qy ie`k drbwr kIqw, ijs iv`c bhuq swry dysI rwjy
s`dy[ mhwrwjw dlIp isMG ies drbwr iv`c Swml nhIN hoieAw,
ikauNik flhOzI ies nUM swirAW qoN v`Krw r`Kxw cwhuMdw sI[ pr lgdw
hY flhOzI ny ies nUM Swml hox leI nhIN AwiKAw hovygw[ auh ies
nUM mhwrwjw hI nhIN sI smJdw, kyvl Awpxw kYdI smJdw sI[ jykr
mhwrwjw smJdwr huMdw qW bwlg hox 'qy lwhOr dw rwj sMBwl idMdw[
flhOzI jwxdw sI ik ihMdusqwn dy dysI rwjy qW swfI eIn mMn cu`ky
hn pr dlIp isMG nUM is`KW dI m`dd hox kr ky aus ny swfI eIn nhIN
mMnxI[ auh PqHygVH qoN jwx lìgAw ie`k lwlc vjoN dlIp isMG nUM
msUrI dI sYr krwaux leI isPwrS kr igAw[
lwgn ny dsMbr 1850 iv`c AwpxI iesqrI nUM vI PqHygVH
mMgvw ilAw[ hux mhwrwjy dy idl 'qy kwbU pwauxw hor vI sOKw ho
igAw[ gvrnr jnrl dy hukm muqwbk dlIp isMG nUM msUrI dI sYr
leI s^q pihry hyT iljwieAw igAw[ rsqy iv`c Awgry, id`lI,
myrT Awid SihrW iv`c AMgryz A&srW dy Gr TihrwieAw igAw[
ieh ies leI ik auh AMgryzW dI rihxI, bihxI, bolI, puSwk Aqy
Kwxy vgYrw dw cMgI qrHW vwk& ho jwvy[ ieiqhwsk ilKqW drswauNdIAW
hn ik jdoN mhwrwjy nUM ies dy rwKy hirduAwr ivKy hirduAwr Gwt
idKwaux gey qW hwQI 'qy bYTy dlIp isMG nUM kuJ pMjwbIAW ny dyK
ilAw[ auh mhwrwjy dy drSn krn leI bVy auqSwh nwl dOV ky Awey
pr ispwhIAW ny aunHW nUM nyVy nhIN Fu`kx id`qw Aqy qyzI nwL hwQI dOVw
ky lY gey[ msUrI phuMc ky vI Sihr qoN bwhr ie`k bMgly iv`c mhwrwjy
dy invws dw pRbMD kIqw igAw[ surìKAw krmcwrI is`KW dw iek`T
hox qoN frdy sn[
msUrI dI hvw bVI TMFI, qwzw Aqy mn BwauNdI sI, mOsm vI
bVw ûSgvwr hox kr ky PqHygVH nwloN suhwvxw sI[ cwry pwisauN
jMglI bUtIAW dIAW idlkS sug M DIAW AwauNdIAW sn Aqy Syr cIiqAW
dIAW dhwVW suxweI idMdIAW sn[ nihr vwlw bMglw kw&I surìKAq
sI[ dlIp Awpxy AMgryz swQIAW nwL kwsl Astyt dy dUjy isry
q`k jWdI surg
M iv`c GoVy 'qy svwrI krn leI Awzwd sI pr pihrydwrW
dI jwxkwrI vgYr aus nUM koeI nhIN sI iml skdw[ jOhn lwgn ie`Qy
71
dlIp nUM AYqvwr vwLy idn igrjwGr pwdrI kol lY jWdw sI[ pwdrI
Awrkfykn prYt 1852 iv`c msUrI AwieAw sI[ ihMdusqwn dy
igrjwGrW dy pRbMD dw aus pws cMgw qzrbw sI[ jOhn lwgn ny prYt
nwL g`lbwq kridAW AwiKAw ik hux qW dlIp isMG ny crc jwxw
SurU kr id`qw hY[ mYN aus nUM ies sMbMDI kdy aukswieAw nhIN auh
AwpxI mrzI nwL hI jwx lìgAw hY[ ieh qW r`bI nUr hY jo aus 'qy
cmikAw hY[ dYvI guxw ny aus dw mwrg drSn kIqw hY[ prYt ny
lwgn dI BwrI SwlwGw kIqI Aqy KuSI mnweI[
prYt bVw cqr, Dwrimk isìKAw iv`c mwhr Aqy pwk-Bwvnw
vwLw ienswn sI[ ies ny lwgn nUM dìsAw ik pMjwb dw mhwrwjw
Drm-dIKSw leI iqAwr hY[ PqHygVH vwpsI 'qy 1853 dy SurU iv`c
lwgn ny gvrnr jnrl fLhOzI dI ie`Cw Anuswr p`qr iv`c iliKAw
ik mhwrwjw Drm-dIKSw hwsl krn leI sihmq hY[ lwgn ny
dlIp qoN vI flhOzI nUM p`qr ilKvwieAw ijs iv`c Sbd sn, "mYnUM
eIsweI m`q dI Drm-dIKSw pRwpq krn dI ^whS bx cu`kI hY[
Aijhw mYN AwpxI mrzI nwL kr irhw hW[ prmwqmw jo mukqIdwqw
hY mYnUM eIsweI jIvn jIx dy Xog bxweygw["
flhOzI ny 24 sqMbr 1852 nUM Awpxy p`qr iv`c lwgn nUM qwkId
kIqI, "jy dlIp isMG vlwieq jwxw cwhuMdw hY, qW jwx qoN pihlW
cu`p-cwp aus nUM bYpiqsmw (Baptism) dy ky eIsweI bxw ilAw jwvy,
pr nwm dlIp isMG hI rhy[" eIsweI bnwaux dw Asl mksd ieh
vI sI ik is`KW AMdr mhwrwjy leI koeI hmdrdI nw rhy[ flhOzI
qoN koeI pu`Cy, kI eIsweI bx ky hI bMdw vlwieq jw skdw sI? jW
vlwieq iv`c rihx vwilAW swry pRwxIAW ny kI bYpiqsmw rwhIN
eIsweI Drm Dwrn kIqw hoieAw sI?
flhOzI dy hukm qoN ibnw aus smyN p`qw nhIN sI JUm skdw[
mhwrwjy nUM ieh AwzwdI nhIN sI ik jo auh TIk smJy, auh kr sky,
jW Awpxy mulk iv`c AwpxI SwhI Swn dy muqwbk rih sky[ gvrnr
jnrl ny mhwrwjy nUM eIsweI bnwaux leI hW kr id`qI Aqy AwiKAw
ik ieh rsm PqHygVH 'c kIqI jwvy[ lwgn ny ieh drswaux leI ik
72
dlIp dy Dwrimk AkIidAW nUM bdlx leI AsIN koeI AXog FMg
nhIN vriqAw Aqy D`kw nhIN kIqw, flhOzI nUM iqMn dysI Bly purSW qy
mhwrwjy dy pRohq dy ibAwn vI aus dI qs`lI leI Byjy[ ieh sn
&kIr zhUr dIn, dIvwn AjuiDAw pRswd, srdwr bUV isMG 'qy pRohq
gulwb rwey[ gurbwxI Anuswr
Bwv srkwr jo cwhy AwpxI mn-mrzI dy ibAwn auh ilKw

skdI hY[
mhwrwjy nUM eIsweI bxwauxw

iPrMgI ny mhwrwjy nUM jnxI mW, jnm BUmI mW qy mW bolI qoN
ivCoV ky iPr aus nUM ivrsy Aqy gur is`KI qoN ivCoVn dI iGnwauxI KyHf
KyHfI[ pihlW dwqy v`loN bKSy gey isr dy lMmy lMmy kys ktw id`qy ijvyN
ky kys ktwaux nwL hI eIsweI bixAw jw skdw hY[ ienHW AigAwnIAW
ny ieh nhIN jwixAw ik ijs jIiss krweIst (eIsw msIh) qoN
eIsweI m`q cìlAw aus ny qW Awpxy kys r`Ky hoey sn[ dlIp isMG
dy kys ktw ky ienHW gur is`KI 'qy BwrI s`t mwrI[ kys qW kudrqI dyx
hn Aqy srIr dI suMdrqw leI pRBU ny Ajb icqRkwrI kIqI hoeI hY[
BweI nMd lwl jI goieAw jo au~c kotI dy ivdvwn, ilKwrI Aqy
isrmOr kvI sn is`KI AMdr kysW dI mh`qqw bwry AMikq krdy hn:
inSwin isKI eIN pMj hriP kwP[hrigz nu bwSd eIN pMj muAwP[
kVw kwrdo kCw kMGw ibdW[ ibnw kys hycM Asq eIN jumlw inSW[
Bwv is`KI pMj A`KrW (kys, kVw, ikrpwn, kMGw qy kCYihrw) 'qy
inrDwrq hY[ ienHW pMj inSwnW iv`coN ie`k vI muAw& nhIN kIqw jw
skdw[ kysW qoN ibnw bwkI inSwn PzUl hn[
srdwr sohx isMG jI sIql is`KI AMdr kysW dI ^wqr id`qIAW
kurbwnIAW bwry kwiv rcnw ieM\ krdy hn:
ijMnw kysW dy leI bzurg swfy, isr DV dIAW bwzIAW lwvMdy rhy[
kysW vwsqy hI qwrU isMG vrgy, ijauNdy KoprI isroN luhwvMdy rhy[
73
kysW vwsqy hI cVH crKVI 'qy, kysW vwsqy bMd ktvwvMdy rhy[
kysW vwsqy icxy gey ivc kMDW, jwnW vwr ky Swn bcwvMdy rhy[
ijMnHW kysW iv`c is`KI dI jwn huMdI, auh kys dlIp ktvw id`qy[
r`bI-rwj dy au~qy inSwn sIql, kdmW gYrW dy au~qy Jukw id`qy[
dlIp isMG nUM eIsweI bnwaux dI rsm PqHygVH ivKy aus dI

rhwieS vwly Gr iv`c bhuq s^q surìKAw hyT Aqy cu`p-cpIqy kIqI
geI[ srkwr nUM fr sI ik mhwrwjy nUM bYpiqsmw (Baptism) dyx
sMbMDI jykr ^br bwhr PYl geI qW BwrI rOLw-gOLw ho skdw hY[ ies
leI kmry nUM swdw ijhw sjwieAw igAw[ ieiqhwskwrW muqwbk 20
ku AMgryz qy kuJ dysI nOkrW swmHxy dlIp isMG nUM 8 mwrc 1853 nUM
bYpitzm dy ky eIsweI bxwieAw igAw[ aus smyN mhwrwjw 14 swl
6 mhIny 4 idn dw sI[ kihMdy ny ies kMm leI gMgw dw pwxI
vriqAw igAw[ bVI hYrwnI dI g`l hY mhwrwjy dw nW AMgryzW vwLw
nhIN, dlIp isMG hI rìKAw[
bYpiqsmw dyx leI ieh rIqI ApxweI jWdI hY:
1) kukV dI pihlI bWg ArQwq qVkswr eIsweI m`q Dwrn kr
rhy pRwxIAW nUM pihlW pwxI kol KVHw ky Ardws kIqI jWdI hY[
2) pRwxI dy sB bsqr qy gihxy Awid pUrn qOr 'qy auqwry jWdy
hn[
3) iPr aunHW nUM sv`C cl rhy ndI Awid dy pwxI iv`c fboieAw
jWdw hY, jW goifAW q`k pwxI iv`c KVHw kIqw jWdw hY jW aus
dy isr 'qy pwxI pwieAw jWdw hY[
4) iesqRIAW nUM bMidAW qoN ip`CoN ieh rsm krweI jWdI hY[
5) pwdrI r`b dI mnOq leI pRiqigAw krwauNdw hY[ ies qoN
ielwvw auh inmrqw, vcn-b`Dqw Aqy cir`qr dI iemwndwrI
bwry pRyrxw idMdw hY[
Bwv qusIN cMgy purS bx ky jIvn guzwrnw hY[mhwrwjy dy eIsweI

bxn 'qy QOmsn, hYnrI lwrMs, PRYfirk krI, ibSp ivlsn, flhOzI
Awid v`loN bVI KuSI prgt kIqI geI Aqy aus nUM vDweI p`qr Byjy
74
gey[ 12 mwrc 1853 nUM flhOzI Awpxy in`jI p`qr iv`c ilKdw
hY,"ihMd dy ieiqhws iv`c ieh AxoKI qy sUhwvxI Gtnw hY[ swfy rwj
iv`c AwieAW hoieAW iv`coN ieh pihlw Sihzwdw hY, ijs ny aupirAW
dw Drm Dwrn kIqw hY[ (Private letters of Dalhousie p. 249)
dlIp isMG dy eIsweI bxn dI KuSI iv`c imstr gweIz
(Guise) nUM 5 hzwr rupeIAw mhwrwjy dI pYnSn iv`coN id`qw igAw[
tomI skwt jo mhwrwjy dy B`qy 'qy pldw sI nUM vI v`Krw B`qw mnjUr
kIqw igAw[ iesy qrHW Bjn lwl nUM cMgI rkm Aqy ie`k GoVw id`qw
igAw[ 'A handsome present of money and a horse were given him
on leaveing (Lady Login p. 322).
mhwrwjw dlIp isMG dIAW ilKqW ieM\ ibAwn kridAW hn;
hux jIvn dy AwKrI smyN swry s`c jwnxw sOKw hY[ jy myry Awpxy lokW
nUM iehnW goirAW ny cwlbwz AwiKAw qW mYN eIsweIAW iv`c vI
bdmwS dyKy ny Aqy Swied flhOzI qoN v`fw hor koeI nhIN ijs ny mYnUM
sB kwsy qoN inAwsrw krn qoN G`t kuJ nhIN soicAw[ ieh bwp vWg
myrw pwlx poSx krn dw bhwnw GVdw irhw[ myrI BlweI leI aus
dI sB i&krmMdI Aqy ieh drswauxw ik Drm dI cox nUM iksy ny
pRBwvq nhIN kIqw, sB pwKMf sI Aqy DoKwDVI dI v`fI swijS
sI[....Asl iv`c aus dI ie`Cw ieh sI ik myrI audwhrx ihMdusqwn
'c vwr vwr duhrweI jweygI qy mukwmI Sihzwdy nw kyvl ie`k ie`k kr
ky Awpxy rwj-Bwg sgoN AwpxIAW AwqmwvW vI AMgryzW nUM sONp
dyxgy[ r`b A`gy myrI ArzoeI hY ik auh Awpxy 'c ivSvwS krn vwly
bwl nUM iksy Aijhy bdmwS dy h`Q iv`c iPr kdy nw dyvy....[
vlwieq Byjx leI iqAwrI

flhOzI dI isPwrS 'qy kort Aw& fwierYktrz ieMglYNf v`loN
dlIp isMG nUM vlwieq (England) Byjx dI iezwzq iml geI[
lwgn nUM flhOzI ny ieh ^br 31 jnvrI 1854 dy ^q iv`c ByjI[
lwgn ny flhOzI nUM slwh id`qI ik iSvdyv isMG nUM vI mhwrwjy dy nwL
ByijAw jwvy[ mYnMU fr hY ik v`fw ho ky auh ihMds
u qwn iv`c v`KrI qwkq
bnwaux iv`c s&l nw ho jwvy[ BwvyN flhOzI ny pihlW qW ies bwry
75
nWh nu`kr kIqI pr ieh dlIl sux ky mMn igAw ik iSvdyv nUM vI
vlwieq nwL hI ByijAw jwvy[ ies nUM auh g`l vI Xwd Aw geI ik
ie`k vwr Syr isMG dI rwxI ny ikhw sI, "ikauNik dlIp isMG eIsweI
bx igAw hY[ ies ip`CoN is`KW dw ie`ko ie`k shI AwgU Sihzwdw
iSvdyv isMG hI hY[" ieh g`l sux ky flhOzI ny rwxI nUM s^q SbdW
'c ikhw sI ik pMjwb AMdr is`K rwj ^qm ho cuìkAw hY[ ies bwry
socxw jW supny lYxy byvkUPI hY[
mwrc 1854 iv`c fwktr lwgn, mhwrwjw dlIp isMG, Sihzwdw
iSvdyv isMG, lyfI lwgn Awid PqHygVH qoN rvwnw hoey[ kwnHpur qoN
lKnaU huMdy hoey bnwrs phuMcy[ ie`Qy ie`k pMfq nohymIAw gory rihMdw
sI ijs ny ihMdU m`q iqAwg ky eIsweI Drm Dwrn kr ilAw sI[
bnwrs ivKy ieh imSnrI dy qOr 'qy eIsweI Drm dw prcwr krdw
sI[ ies nUM vI vlwieq iljwx leI mhwrwjy dy in`jI ausqwd
(Teacher) vjoN iqAwr kr ilAw[ ies ip`CoN ieh bwrkpur (kl`kqy)
gOrimMt hwaUs iv`c jw phuMcy[ 4 ApRYl nUM flhOzI ny 21 qopW dI
slwmI mhwrwjw nUM KuS krn leI idvweI Aqy pRIqI Boj vI nwl bYT
ky KwDw[ pr ies qrHW dIAW idKwvy mwqR slwmIAW dw kI &wiedw
jd mn hI sw& nhIN sn[ Agly idn ies ny mhwrwjy nUM AMzIl qoh&y
vjoN id`qI ijs dy muF
` iv`c ies ny iliKAw, "To his Hignes Maharaja
Duleep Singh; This Holy Book in which he has been led by God's
grace to find an inheritance richer by far than all earthly kingdoms is
presented with sincere respect and regard, by his faithful friend."
(Dalhousie, April 5, 1954)

Bwv mhwrwjw dlIp isMG! ieh piv`qr ikqwb jo mYN qYnUM ie`k
im`qr hox dy nwqy bVy siqkwr Aqy Awdr nwL ByNt kr irhw hW ieh
prmwqwmw dI ikRpw sdkw hY[ ieh qYnUM swrIAW dunIAW dIAW
bwdSwhIAW nwLoN ie`k AmIr ivrsy nwL joV dyvygI[
dyKo ijs flhOzI ny dgw kr ky ie`k bwl qoN rwj Bwg Koh ilAw,
mW qoN dUr kr id`qw, Drm qoN piqq krw id`qw Aqy SwhI Kzwnw lu`t
ilAw Aqy auh im`qRqw dy qOr qy Dwrimk isìKAw dy ky ivrsy nwL
joVn dI g`l kr irhw hY[ Bwv nwLy cor nwLy cqR bx irhw hY[
76
bwrkpr ivKy Sihzwdw iSvdyv isMG dI mW ny flhOzI pws
duhweI pweI, imnqW qrly kIqy Aqy roeI kurlweI ik myry pu`qr nUM
ieMglYNf nw ByijAw jwvy[pqw nhIN aus kwLy idl vwLy dy mn AMdr
idAwlqw ikvyN AweI? jW rwjnIqk qOr' qy ieh soicAw ik iSvdyv
isMG hux swfw kuJ nhIN ivgwV skdw[ AwKIr ies ny kih id`qw ik
iSvdyv isMG vlwieq nw ByijAw jwvy[
so 19 ApRYl 1854 nUM mhwrwjw dlIp isMG nUM stImr AY`~s AY~s
ihMdusqwn rwhIN s`q smuMdr pwr Byjx leI jhwz 'qy cwVH id`qw[ ies
dy nwL lwgn joVw Aqy pMfq nohymIAw gory nUM vI ByijAw[lwgn ny
ieMglYNf Byjx dw bhwnw ieh lwieAw sI ik qUM au`Qy cMgI pVHweI kr
skyNgw[ mhwrwjy dI idl dI ie`Cw sI ik mYN AwpxI pVwHeI pUrI kr
ky jldI vqn vwps AwvWgw, fyhrwdUn iv`c zmInI Astyt rihx
leI bxwvWgw Aqy Cu`tIAW mnwaux AwzwdI sihq msUrI jwieAw
krWgw[CotI aumr hox kr ky i&rMgI dI dgwbwzI, Srwrq Aqy kUV
socxI bwry aus nUM igAwn nhIN sI[ dlIp isMG nUM AYsw dyS inkwlw
id`qw igAw ik aus nUM pMjwb dI DrqI 'qy pYr pwauxw swrI aumr
nsIb nw hoieAw[
klk`qy qoN c`l ky Adn iv`c dI huMdw hoieAw jhwz imsr
phuMicAw[ ieQy phuMcx smyN 21 qopW dI slwmI mhwrwjy dI Awmd
iv`c id`qI geI, auprMq skMdrIAw (Alexandria), kwihrw (Cario)
Aqy imsr Sihr dy AjUby idKwey[ iPr mwltw Aqy jbrwlHtr iv`c
SwhI slwmI idvweI[AwKIr A`D jUn 1854 nUM jhwz lMfn pu`j
igAw[ mhwrwjy nUM imvwrt dy klYirj hotl (Mivart's Claridge Hotel)
iv`c TihrwieAw igAw ikauuNik Asl Gr Ajy iqAwr ho irhw sI[
vlwieq 'c mhwrwjy dI rihxI bihxI

ieiqhwsk dsqwvyzW Anuswr BwvyN mhwrwjw eIsweI bx cui` kAw
sI pr vlwieq iv`c vI izAwdwqr auh dysI (pMjwbI) ilbws hI
pihndw sI[ auh jdoN vI rwj mihl jW kort Aw& fwierYktrz iv`c
jwNdw sI aus dy dsqwr sjweI huMdI sI Aqy dsqwr 'qy klgI lweI
huMdI sI[ kot pqlUn ArQwq AMgryzI FMg dI puSwk qW kdy kdy
77
pihndw sI[ies g`l dI puStI lyfI lwgn dI ikqwb 'sr jOhn
lwgn AYNf dlIp isMG 1890 'dy pMnw 290 qoN vI ies pihrwvy dI
puStI ho jwNdI hY[ lyfI lwgn ieh g`l mMndI hY, ik dlIp isMG nyy
aumr Br Srwb kdy nhIN sI pIqI[ mhwrwjw kys ktw ky qy eIsweI
bx ky klgI vwLI p`g hI bMnHdw irhw sI[ Kwxy iv`c vI auh ivdySI
cIzW nwloN dysI vDyry psMd krdw sI[ dlIp isMG dy isr qy bMnHI p`g
flhOzI nUM bVw sqw rhI sI[ flhOzI 22 AkqUbr 1854 dy ie`k ^q
iv`c ilKdw hY, "dlIp isMG dI pgVI hI aus dw v`fw Bwrw kOmI
inSwn hY[ aus nUM p`g bMnHx qoN dUr kr idau, iPr auh dy iv`c is`KI
dw koeI nwmo-inSwn nhIN rih jweygw[
koihnUr, dlIp isMG dy h`QoN mlkw

ivktorIAw nUM idvwauxw
vlwieq phuMcx auprMq ie`k idn mlkw ivktorIAw Aqy ipRMs
AYlbrt ny mhwrwjy nUM pRIqI Bojn Awpxy mihl iv`c id`qw[ dovyN jxy
suMdr, nOjvwn Aqy CYl-CbIly dlIp nUM dyK bVy pRsMn hoey Aqy
bYikMGm hwl (Buckingham Palace) iv`c aus dw k`dwvr icqR icqRkwr
qoN bxvwieAw[ hOLI hOLI SwhI Grwxy nwL mhwrwjy dw imlwp vDx
kr ky mlkw dy SihzwidAW dw Xwr bx igAw[ keI vwr mlkw
dlIp isMG nUM Awpxy SihzwidAW nwL ibTw ky Kwxw vI KuAwauNdI
sI[ ipRMs AwP vylz Aqy ipRMs AYlPrf nwl vI dlIp isMG ic`TI
p`qr krn l`g ipAw[ pr ienHW g`lW qoN lwrf flhOzI bVw sVdw
sI[ auh kihMdw sI, "mYN ies nUM q^q qoN auqwrky q^qy 'qy ibTwieAw
hY, qusIN ies dw pUrw Awdr mwx kr rhy hoN["
dUjy pwsy lyfI lwgn ny bVI cMclqw vrqI[ aus nUM mlkw
ivktorIAw ny ikhw, "4 sqMbr 1854 eIsvI nUM mhwrwjw dlIp isMG
ihMd AYkt muqwibk 16 swl dw ho igAw hY[ bwlg hox kr ky jykr
Brovwl dI sulwH Anuswr auh mYnMU koihnUr qoh&y vjoN dy dyvy qW iPr koeI
kwnUMnI AiVcx nhIN AwvygI[" Bwv iPr kwnUMnI qOr 'qy auh ies dI
mMg nhIN kr skdw[ lyfI lwgn ny cqrqw vrq ky g`lW bwqW 'c
dlIp isMG nUM ikhw, "AsIN qYnUM koihnUr hIrw idKwvWgy[ qUM aus nUM dyK
78
ky mlkw ivktorIAw nUM ByNt kr deIN[" ies kMm leI cusqI ieh
vrqI geI ik mhwrwjy nUM aus dw icqR bnwaux leI ibTw id`qw, qWik
aus dw iDAwn icqR vl rhy[ mlkw ny koihnUr mMgvwieAw Aqy dlIp
dy h`Q 'qy Dr id`qw[ ies hIry nUM cMgI qrHW dyK ky aus ny mlkw nUM
vwps kr id`qw Aqy icqR bnvwaux leI jw bYTw[ fwktr svrwj
isMG ijhVy mMny-pRmMny ieiqhwskwr hn Aqy vwiSMgtn styt nY~tvrk
Pwr ihaUmn rweIts dy cyArmYn Aqy cyArmYn Aw& sYNtrl vwiSMgtn
kolISn Pwr soSl jsits hn ny Awpxy lyK Kohinoor: A Gift to the
British or Imperial Loot? jo ilMk AKbwr iv`c 30 ApRYl 2016 nUM
CipAw iv`c iliKAw hY ik 'kueIn ivktorIAw nUM koihnUr ByNt krn
vwlw ivKwvw ie`k DoKw sI[ mhwrwjy nUM Brmw ky ieh frwmw kIqw
igAw[ koihnUr qW pihlW hI mlkw dy kbzy iv`c sI[ ies leI ieh
AfMbr qW kpt rUp sI[ so koihnUr qoh&y vjoN nhIN sgoN AMgryzW v`loN
swmrwjI lu`t nwL mlkw ivktorIAw pws igAw"[ kwnUMnI qOr 'qy vI
ieh frwmw mMnx Xog nhIN ikauNik srkwrI qOr 'qy mhwrwjy nUM 29
dsMbr 1857 qoN bwlg mMinAw igAw sI[
ivìdAw p`KoN mhwrwjy nUM hIxw krnw

vlwieq iv`c qW mhwrwjy nUM au~c ividÀw dw JWsw dy ky lY gey
sI[ kuJ smW ieh skwtlYNf, eIfnbrg Aqy XwrkSwier iv`c sYr
krwauNdy rhy[ iPr kMpnI v`lNo i\MblYNfn (Winblendon) Aqy rohNY ptn
(Roehampton) Awid QwvW iv`c rìKAw igAw[ ie~Qy mhwrwjy ny
XUnIvristI iv`c dwKlw lYx leI ieìCAw pRgt kIqI pr ihMd
srkwr ny ies g`l dw AwDwr bxw ky AwigAw nw id`qI ik mhwrwjy
nUM koeI mwr nw dyvy[ AMgryz idloN dlIp isMG nUM ivìdAw nhIN sI
idvwauxw cwhuMdy[ auh socdy sn ik jykr ieh pVH ilK igAw qW swfy
h`QW iv`coN inkl jwvygw[ ie`QoN q`k ik skUlI ivìdAw qoN vI AYsw hI
AwK ky vWJw r`ìKAw igAw[ lwgn ny ikhw , "dlIp jy qUM skUl pVHn
jwvyNgw qW qyrI pdvI Aqy Swn G`t jwvygI jo srkwr nUM TIk nhIN
lgdw"[ pr ieh sB kuJ flhOzI krvw irhw sI[ jykr mlkw
ivktorIAw dy b`cy skUl, kwlj qy XUnIvristI iv`c pVH skdy sn qW
mhwrwjy leI ieh bMdS ikauN sI? Asl iv`c iPrMgI dI nIq GtIAw
sI[
79
vlwieq iv`c kwlw Sihzwdw
vlwieq iv`c dlIp isMG kwlw Sihzwdw (Black Prince) nwm
nwL mShUr sI[ kihMdy hn ie`k vwr koeI bMdw lwgn kol AwieAw
Aqy dlIp isMG nwL vI aus dw myL ho igAw[ aus ny lwgn nUM
puìCAw, lok ies nUM kwlw Sihzwdw ikauN kihMdy hn? ies dw rMg qW
gorw inSoh hY[dlIp isMG sI vI bVw sun`Kw, iq`Ky nYx-nkS vwLw Aqy
lMbw-lMJw[ soFI brijMdr isMG ny 1941 julweI, 'p`qr pMj dirAw'
iv`c Awpxy lyK AMdr lwrf flhOzI v`loN dlIp isMG dI kIqI suh`px
bwry ibAwn kIqw sI[ auh ilKdy hn ik flhOzI ny 8 ApRYl 1854 dI
ic`TI iv`c AMikq kIqw hY, "mhwrwjw dI aumr nw qW muMifAW vrgI
hY Aqy nw hI AwdmIAW vwLI[ swry mUMh au~qy kwLI kwLI lUMeI hY[
auhdw au~Txw bYTxw bVw vDIAw (sRySt) Aqy SrIPwnw hY[ auh
AMgryzI bVI hI sohxI boldw hY[" iesy qrHW 26 Agsq 1854 dI
ic`TI iv`c auh ilKdw hY, dlIp dIAW A`KW sohxIAW hn, ijnHW ny
kort PMD ilAw hY[ auh mwno aus dI mW dIAW A`KW hn[so ijs qrHW
ihMdusqwn AMdr jwqIvwd (Castism) dI ibmwrI hY jo mnu`KW AMdr
n&rq pYdw krdI hY, AYsI ibmwrI hI goirAW iv`c nslvwd (Racism)
dI hY[ iesy kr ky hI auh dlIp isMG nUM 'kwLw Sihzwdw' kihMdy sn[
mhwrwjy nUM bwlg GoiSq krn 'c dyrI

dlIp isMG, Brovwl dI sMDI nUM mu`K rKidAW Aqy ihMdU AYkt
muqwibk 4 sqMbr 1854 iv`c 16 swl dw hox kr ky bwlg ho igAw
sI[ hux aus nUM soJI Aw geI ik ienHW lokW ny swfy prvwr nwL kI
kI vDIkIAW kIqIAW hn Aqy is`KW dI pwV-DwV kr ky ivSwl is`K
rwj dw ^wqmw hI kyvl nhIN kIqw sgoN myry bwp dw bxwieAw sB kuJ
lu`t ilAw[ myrI mW dw BwrI inrwdr kr ky aus nUM jylH 'c kYd kr
mYQoN dUr kr id`qw[dlIp isMG ny lwgn nUM AkqUbr 1854 iv`c ikhw,
"ihMdU kwnUMn Anuswr mYN hux bwlg ho igAw hW, so myry qoN sB bMdSW
^qm kIqIAW jwx[ mYnUM Awpxw pRbMD Awp krn dI AwigAw idau[
sulwHnwmy muqwbk myrI pYnSn dw G`t qoN G`t cwr l`K dw ihswb mYnUM
sONipAw jwvy"[ mhwrwjy dIAW ieh g`lW sux lwgn ny flhOzI nUM p`qr
80
iliKAw[ flhOzI ny twL-mtoL kIqw Aqy koeI inrxyvydk au~qr nw
id`qw[ jo g`lW mhwrwjy dy ivroD 'c jWdIAW sn aunHW nUM qW gvrnr
jnrl bVw inXmb`D AwK ky smyN qoN pihlW krdw sI, pr bwlg
mMnx dw AYlwn shI smyN qoN qkrIbn 3 swl ip`CoN 29 dsMbr 1857
nUM kIqw[ ies AYlwn nwL lwgn dI vI Cu`tI kr id`qI Aqy kuJ bMdSW
htw id`qIAW[ lwgn 9 ku swl qW dlIp isMG dy Dn 'qy pldw irhw[
jdoN ies nUM kMpnI ny htw id`qw qW ies ny mhwrwjy qoN hor Dn dI m`dd
mMgI[ mhwrwjy ny ikhw, "qUM kMpnI dw mulwzm sI aus qoN Dn dI mMg
kr"[ pr kMpnI ny lwgn nUM hor m`dd krn qoN nWh kr id`qI[ iesy
kr ky dlIp isMG ny AwpxIAW ilKqW iv`c ilK id`qw ik eIst
ieMfIAw kMpnI kMjUsW, cMfwlW Aqy dgybwzW dI kMpnI sI[
gdr 1857
meI 1857 iv`c kMpnI v`loN ihMdusqwn dI lu`t-mwr nUM dyK &OjI
ispwhIAW ny bgwvq kr id`qI[ id`lI, myrT, LKnaU Awid SihrW
'c v`fI p`Dr 'qy lu`t mwr Aqy AwgznI dIAW GtnwvW SurU ho
geIAW[ QW QW 'qy AwzwdI nUM mùK r`KidAW srkwr ivrùD muzwhry hox
l`gy[ muzwhrw kwrIAW ny mhwrwjw dlIp isMG dw PqHygVH iv`c mOjUd
swrw mwl lùt ilAw[ ies dI rwKI leI swrjYNt eIlIAt (Sarglnt
Elliot) dI ifaUtI lgweIO sI[ ies mwr DwV 'c eIlIAt Aqy aus
dy b`cy, vwltr gweIz Aqy hor keI AMgryz vI mwry gey[ 1857 dy
gdr smyN lKnaU ivKy hYnrI lwrMs vI mwirAw igAw sI ijs ny
mhwrwxI ijMdW nUM ie`k vwr kysW qoN pkV ky kcihrI iv`c GVIisAw
sI[ ies gdr 'qy AMgRyzW ny 20 julweI 1859 nUM kwbU pw ilAw sI[
ies gdr dOrwn 2 Agsq 1858 nUM brqwnIAW srkwr ny eIst
ieMfIAw kMpnI koloN rwj Bwg Awpxy h`Q lY ilAw[ pihlI nvMbr
1858 nUM mlkw ivktorIAw ny eys dw pUrn qOr 'qy AYlwn kr id`qw[
nvMbr 1859 nUM mhwrwjy ny lwgn nUM ikhw ik srkwr aus dw ihswb
jldI inbyVy[ pr srkwr ny lwgn nUM mhwrwjy dw muKiqAwr mMnx
qoN nWh kr id`qI[
81
mhwrwjy dI pYnSn A`DI krnI
iqMn ku swl ieMglYNf 'c rihx auprMq mhwrwjw PrWs, ietlI,
rom Awid SihrW Aqy pRis`D QwvW 'qy lwgn, lyfI lwgn Aqy Awpxy
dosq ronwlf lYislI mYlivl nwL sYr krn cilAw igAw[ flhOzI
ny 7 PrvrI 1856 nUM AvD 'qy kbzw kr ky auQoN dy bwdSwh vwijd
AlI nUM 15 l`K rupey swlwnw pYnSn mukrr kIqI[ ies qoN ielwvw
aus dy swk sMbMDIAW Aqy nOkrW nUM vI guzwry leI B`qw mnzUr kIqw[
ieh jwx ky dlIp isMG ny AwpxI pYnSn vDwaux dI mMg kIqI[
kmInI srkwr ny pYnSn qW vDwauxI kI sI sgoN 20 meI 1859 nUM ie`k
p`qr duAwrw pihlW iml rhIN 5 l`K pYnSn dI bjwie Awaux vwly
smyN leI 2.5 l`K kr id`qI[ p`qr 'c pYnSn Gtwaux dI dlIl ieh
id`qI ik hux qUM bwlg ho igAw hYN[ mhwrwjw dw sbr sMqoK dyKo ik
pYnSn Gtwaux 'qy koeI tIkw it`pxI nhIN kyvl au~qr iv`c ieh hI
iliKAw ik myrI mOq qoN ip`CoN ieh rkm myry vwrsW leI mnzUr kIqI
jwvy jW iPr auh tRst bxw ky pMjwb iv`c ivìdAw dy pRcwr qy pRswr
leI KrcI jwvy[ ieh vI dlIp isMG ny praupkwrqw vwLI g`l
kIqI[ pr srkwr ny aus dI koeI g`l nw suxI[ dlIp isMG Aqy
mhwrwxI ijMdW dI mwq-BUmI (pMjwb) dy Bly dI qW iPrMgI koeI g`l
suxnI nhIN sI cwhuMdw[ iesy leI qW aunHW ienHW nUM dyS inkwLw id`qw
sI[
82
AiDAwie 5
mhwrwxI dw nypwl qy ieMglYNf phuMcxw
AMgryz A&srW ny ijMdW nUM kdy iksy qy kdy iksy jylH 'c su`t ky
A`q dw zlIl kIqw[ ienHW ieh ivcwrky ik mhwrwxI ikqy jylH 'coN
n`s nw jwvy nUM bhuq hI krVI surìKAw vwLy cunwr iklHy iv`c kYd kr
id`qw, ij`Qy hor vI bhuq swry kYdI bMdI sn[ AYsI qkVweI vwLI jgHw
'coN inklxw koeI Kwlw jI dw vwVw nhIN sI[ mhwrwxI dI Syr idlI,
ivauNqbMdI Aqy cqurqw dyKo, Awpxw Bys bdl ky iPrMgI dy pihrydwrW
nUM ckmw dy ky cunwr 'coN pRBU Awsry inkl geI[ iklHy 'coN inklxw hI
BwvyN rwxI leI v`fI ij`q sI Aqy vYrI dy mUMh 'qy Q`pV mwrn vwlI g`l
sI[ pr A`gy jwx dw rsqw jo AKiqAwr kIqw auh sI nypwl phuMcx
dw[ieh soc vI ijMdW dy rwjnIqk igAwn dw mhwn pRgtwvw sI,
ikauNik auh jwxdI sI ik ies smyN rwxw jMg bhwdr hux nypwl dw
rwjw hY Aqy nypwl dy rwj 'qy AMgryzW dw AiDkwr nhIN hY[ ies leI
nypwl hI myry rihx leI sB qoN v`D surìKAq jgHw hY, hor swrI DrqI
'qy AMgryz kwbz ho cu`ky sn[ nypwl dy rwjw jMg bhwdr dw ielwkw
brqwnIAW hkUmq dy ADIn nw hox bwry mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG ny aus
nUM kdI kdweIN zrUr dìsAw hovygw[ kudrq bVI mhwn hY, auh du`KW
iv`c iGry jIv nUM jIvn ibqwaux leI rhwieS Aqy Kwxy dwxy dw pRbMD
kr idMdI hY[
nypwl 'qy AMgryzW dw kbzw nw hoxw vI goriKAW dI bhwdrI dy
kwrn hI sI[ nypwl nUM 'goriKAW dI DrqI' nwl vI jwixAw jWdw hY[
sMn 1814 qoN 1816 dy drimAwn AYNglo-nypwlIz vwr (Xu`D) (Anglo-
Neplese War) hoeI sI[ goriKAW dI &Oj dy kmWfr blBdrw kMvr
dI sYnw ny eIst ieMfIAw kMpnI dy &OjIAW nUM lVweI dOrwn cMgy h`Q
idKwey sn[ kMpnI kol v`fI sYnw Aqy cMgy hiQAwr hox kr ky BwvyN
AwKIr 'qy aus dw h`Q aup`r irhw, pr AMgryz sYnw dw v`fw nukswn
hox kwrn Aqy bhuqy &OjI ibmwr hox kwrn aus ny 4 mwrc 1816 nUM
sgOlI iv`Ky sMDI (Treaty of Sagauli) kr leI[ sgOlI sMDI Anuswr
nypwl ny iskm, kmwauN, gVHvwl Awid dw ielwkw kMpnI nUM dy id`qw[
83
ies sMDI iv`c ieh g`l vI qYA hoeI ky kMpnI dw ie`k pRqIinD
(Resident) kTmMfU Awpxw d&qr r`Kygw[ ieiqhwsk q`QW Anuswr
nypwl dy rwj Bwg iv`c ies rYzIfYNt dI koeI bu`kq nhIN sI[
mhwrwxI ny cunwr qoN 800 mIl dI dUrI 'qy pYNdy nypwl dw du`KW
BirAw rsqw ies leI vI cuixAw ik aus dy mn 'qy is`KI dy AsUlW
dI pwx cVHI hoeI sI[ auh DrmI sI, Srm pwlx vwlI Aqy p`q nUM
brkrwr r`Kx vwlI sI[ auh AwpxI iezq Aqy AwbrU nwL iKlvwV
hoxw nhIN sI locdI Aqy nw hI iPrMgI dI qwnwSwhI, iGnwauxy mzwk
Aqy h`qk nUM kbUl krnw cwhuMdI sI[ gurbwxI dy Sbd hn:
jy jIvY piq lQI jwie] sBu hrwmu jyqw ikCu Kwie] (ñôò)
cunwr iklHy 'coN inkl ky mu`K g`l sI Awpxy Awp nUM Cupwauxw
qWik srkwr dy ispwhI pkV nw lYx[ ies qoN ielwvw Kwxy-dwxy dw
pRbMD krnw ikauNik ienswn bhuqw icr Bu`Kw nhIN rih skdw[ Bu`Kw
srIr cwr kdm vI nhIN qur skdw[ Bu`K dw du`K qW mOq nwloN vI BYVw
mMinAW igAw hY[ bwhr rwqW k`tx leI lIVw k`pVw vI cwhIdw sI[
kYd 'coN inklx smyN qW ijMdW AwpxI nOkrwxI dy mYly-kucYly kpVy hI
qyV pihn ky inklI sI[
AYsI hwlq bwry ieh hI kihxw bxdw hY:
vwrny jweIey sdw ijMdW dy hOsly qoN,
inklI iklyH 'coN s`c dw prp`c gWdI[
mn iv`c Et DwrI aus prmwqmw dI,
luk-iCp qurI jWdI auh dy gux gweI jWdI[
SwhI jMprW nUM sdw pwaux qy hMFwaux vwlI,
gMdy mMdy kpVy qn 'qy pweI qurI jWdI[
kMd mUl Kw jMglW, byilAW 'coN,
jW iPr mMg qMg tu`kV KweI jWdI,
AYpr iklHy iv`coN su`KI sWdI k`Fx leI,
prm ipqw dI su`K bwr bwr mnweI jWdI[
aunHW idnW iv`c A`j klH vWg koeI b`sW, kwrW, motrsweIkl,
g`fIAW Awid qW hY nhIN sn ik ijMdW ie`k QW qoN dUjI QW jldI phuMc
84
jWdI[ kyvl bYl rQ g`fIAW, g`fy, GoVy, K`crW, aUT jW qur ky jwxw
hI AwvwjweI dy swDn sn, mhwrwxI kol qW AwpxIAW do tMgW hI qur
ky jwx dw swDn sI[ AYsy hwlwqW iv`c vI mhwrwxI ny Awpxy Awp
nUM bVI cqurqw vrq ky CupwieAw ik auh srkwr dy h`Q nw AweI[
aus v`loN Awpxy inSwny 'qy phuMcx dw pYNfw vI bhuq lMbw, jMglW,
byilAW, phwVW, dirAwvW, ndIAW, nwilAW nwL iGirAw hoieAw
sI[ ie`k nOjvwn qy Ablw iesqrI dw shI slwmq Awpxy shI
itkwxy 'qy phuMc jwxw bVw bhwdrI vwlw kMm sI[
ie`k vwr g`lW g`lW 'c dlIp ny ijMdW qoN puìCAw sI, "mW, qUM
cunwr qoN nypwl ikvyN phuMcI"? ijMdW ny dìsAw ik myrw ie`k pMjwbI
nOkr mYnUM cunwr qoN iljw ky gomqI ndI pwr krvw igAw sI ijhVI
lKnaU kol vihMdI hY[ A`goN mYN pu`CdI igCdI ptny phuMc ky sRI gurU
goibMd isMG jI dy pRkwS AsQwn 'qy phuMc geI[ gurduAwry ivKy mYN kuJ
smW ibqwieAw, gurU jI A`gy nypwl shI slwmq phuMcx leI bwr bwr
Ardws kIqI[ aus qoN v`fw mYnUM dlyrI leI pRyirq krn vwlw hor
vDIAw AsQwn ikhVw ho skdw sI? ieh Gtnw drswauNdI hY ik
mhwrwxI ny cunwr 'coN inklx qoN pihlW iklHy dy iksyy nOkr nwL swrw
slwh mSvrw kIqw hovygw[ aus nUM Dn mwl vI id`qw hovygw ikauNik
jW qW lwlc iv`c Aw ky qy jW pMjwbI hox nwqy aus ny mhwrwxI dI
shwieqw kIqI hovygI[
mhwrwxI ny dlIp isMG nUM ieh vI dìsAw, "ptny qoN A`gy mYN
keI hPqy bYrwgn bx ky jMglW qy prbqW rwhIN Xwqrw krdI rhI,
lok jo dwn idMdy Kw lYNdI Aqy ij`Qy jgHw imldI sON jWdI, jd q`k mYN
nypwl nw phuMc geI[ (jlwvqnI, pMnw 203)[
dws 2015 dy jUn mhIny gurduAwrw gurU nwnk is`K, srI/fYltw
(kYnyfw) ivKy FwfI vwrW sux irhw sI[ kudrqI aus idn mhwrwxI
ijMdW dy sMbMD iv`c prsMg c`l irhw sI[ FwfI bulwry ny ijMdW dy nypwl
jwx dy rsqy dI vwrqw ieM\ suxweI, 'cldI cldI ijMdW rwq k`tx
leI ie`k phwVI dI gu&w 'c jw vVI[ auh sOx dI iqAwrI hI kr
rhI sI ik ie`k bMdw au~Qy Aw igAw[ auh kwPI smyN qoN ies guPw iv`c
85
hI rwqW k`tdw sI[ aus ny puìCAw, "bIbI qUM kOx hY"? qW mhwrwxI
ny ikhw, "BweI swihb mYN Syir-ey-pMjwb mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI
mhwrwxI ijMdW hW Aqy AwpxI swrI vwrqw aus nUM suxw id`qI'[ A`goN
aus bMdy ny ikhw, "bIbI, myrw nwm prqwp isMG hY[ mY Syir-ey-pMjwb
dI &Oj iv`c cMgy Ahudy 'qy sI[ jdoN iPrMgI ny lwhOr 'qy kbzw kr
ilAw qW swnUM nOkrI qoN k`F id`qw[ mYnUM fr pYdw ho igAw ik AMgryz
pkV ky jylH 'c nw su`t dyx[ mYN AjyhI gulwmI qoN frdw hoieAw Gr
bwr C`f ky ieDr Aw igAw sI[ soicAw rihMdI aumr 'c BgqI kr
A`gw svwr lvW"[ mhwrwxI ny soicAw bMdw TIk lgdw hY[ prqwp
isMG ny ijMdW nUM jo aus pws sI Kwx leI id`qw[ AglI svyr auh
phwVI rsqw jwxdw kr ky mhwrwxI dI shwieqw leI nwL c`l
ipAw[ do ko idn ip`CoN ienHW nUM ie`k hor phwVI AOrq t`krI jo Agly
rsqy dI cMgI qrHW vwkP sI[ kI hoieAw, prqwp isMG bImwr AYsw
hoieAw ik pRwx iqAwg igAw[ ijMdW ny aus AOrq nwL iml ky
prqwp isMG dw sskwr kIqw Aqy ieh dovyN audwsI dI hwlq iv`c
A`gy c`l peIAW[ nwly g`lW krdIAW hn ik prmwqmw ny sMjog-
ivXog dI kYsI Kyf bxweI hY[
ieM\ pu`CdI-ig`CdI, dUijAW dy shwry jIvn ibqwauNdI, ndIAW
byVIAW jW ikSqI rwhIN jo rsqy iv`c mOjUd sn pwr krdI qy du`KVy
JldI ijMdW nypwl dI h`d 'qy phuMc geI[ijauN hI auh nypwl dI h`d
lMGx l`gI qW au~QoN dy &OjIAW nUM aus ny pkV ilAw[ &OjIAW ny aus
qoN sB jwxkwrI lY ky mhwrwxI dI mMg Anuswr ausy nUM rwjw rwxw jMg
bhwdr A`gy pyS kr id`qw[ rwjy nUM ijMdW ny AwpxI swrI iviQAw
suxweI[ rwxw jMg bhwdr bVw idAwlU, dlyr Aqy BY rihq sI[ aus
ny swrI g`l bwq cMgI qrHW sux ky mhwrwxI nUM nypwl 'c byKO& rihx
leI Aqy 20 hzwr rupey swlwnw pYnSn dyx dw &Yslw suxw id`qw[
bwgVI swihb ny Awpxy mhW kwiv iv`c vI pMnw 170 'qy AMikq kIqw
hY:
id`qw Awsrw iv`c nypwl aus nUM, qrsvwn sI bVw nryS BweI[
hrcMd isMGw pYnSn 20 hzwr lweI, pRbD
M rihx dw kIqw ivSyS BweI[
86
kvI ieiqhwskwrW ny mhwrwxI dy cunwr 'coN inklx dI qRIk 18
ApRYl 1849 Aqy nypwl phuMcx dI qRIk 28 ApRYl 1849 ilKI hY, pr
ieh smW TIk nhIN lgdw[ kyvl 10 ku idnW iv`c 800 mIl dw lMbw
rsqw ijhVw ik jMglW, phwVW nwl iGirAw hoieAw sI Aqy aunHW
idnW iv`c nw qW koeI bhuqy p`ky qy is`Dy rsqy hI sn Aqy nw hI
AwvwjweI dy qyz swDn sn[ ies qoN ielwvw ijMdW rsqy qoN vI
Axjwx sI Aqy AMgRyzI srkwr dy ispwhIAW qoN vI Awpxy Awp nUM
aus ny Cupwauxw sI, ikauNik auh ies nUM pkVn leI QW-QW 'qy l`Bdy
iPrdy sn[ fwktr hrbMs isMG ny The Encyclopedia of Sikhism vol,
II iv`c ijMdW dy cunwr iklHy iv`c bMd krn dw sMn 1848 dw iliKAw hY[
nypwl dy mhwrwjy ny ijMdW nUM mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI mhwrwxI
jwx ky siqkwr vjoN ie`k nvW bixAW cwrburjw drbwr vwLw bMglw
rhwieS leI id`qw[ ieh bMglw QpQwlI kMplYks dy iv`c suSoBq
sI[ rwjy ny mhwrwxI dy Kwxy dwxy bnwaux Aqy syvw-sMBwl leI
bVIAW suSIl, smJdwr Aqy sulJIAW hoeIAW nOkrwxIAW lweIAW[
ieh shUlqW q`k mhwrwxI ny mhwrwjy dw DMnvwd kIqw Aqy aus dy
rwj Bwg dy hor vDx leI AsIs id`qI[ ies qrHW BwvyN rihx leI
rhwieS bVI suMdr imL geI, pr pu`q dy ivCoVy dw du`K v`F-v`F ky
Kwx lìgAw[ ipCly bIqy drdnwk duKWq Xwd kr kr bwr bwr ijMdW
dIAW A`KW 'coN AWsU bih qurdy sn[ ieM\ pu`qr dw ivXog nypwl rih
ky qkrIbn 13 swl hMFwieAw[ BwvyN auh Awpxy idl nUM qkVw krn
dI koiSS krdI pr dlIp isMG dy eIsweI Awid bxn dIAW ^brW
sux auh in`q hauNky lYNdI Aqy aus dIAW A`KW nIr nwL hmySw BrIAW
rihMdIAW[ AYsI hwlq kwrn aus dw srIr kmzor huMdw igAw Aqy
A`KW dI roSnI clI geI[ ies sMbMDI bwgVI swihb kwiv rcnw ieM\
krdy hn:
idl qkVw krdI bhuq ijMdW, pr iPr vI Drdw DIr nhIEN[
kMfw pu`q dw idl dy iv`c Ku`Bw, A`KW iv`coN sukdw nIr nhIauN[
hoVy dyvdIN bVy qs`lIAW dy, kMDW ibnW KVHn SqIr nhINau[
hrcMd isMGw BugqxI hY pYNdI, ilKI huMdI Awp qkdIr nhIEN[
rwj Bwg hVìpAw goirAW ny, kuJ irhw nw pu`q dy pws BweI[
87
hrcMd isMG ro ro hoeI AMnHIN, jylHIN rul gey h`f qy mws BweI[
hux dlIp isMG vI jvwn hox kr ky surq isr ho igAw[

AMgryzI srkwr dIAW Aqy GtIAW hrkqW Aqy cwlW smJx l`g
igAw[ 'huMdy idlW nUM idlW dy rwh mIAW' dI khwvq Anuswr in`q roz
mW ijMdW dI Xwd idl 'c Awaux l`gI[ ieh vI soJI Aw geI ik mW
nwloN dunIAW iv`c hor v`fw irSqw koeI nhIN[ aus nUM pqw lìgAw ik
myrI mW ies smyN nypwl bYTI hY[ iPr dlIp isMG ny imlwp leI ic`TI
p`qr AwrMB kIqw[
nohymIAW h`Q ic`TI Byjxw

mhwrwjy dy mn AMdr AwpxI mW nUM imlx leI gihrI iK`c,
qV& Aqy snyh pYdw ho igAw[ jnvrI 1857 nUM pMfq nohymIAW gory
ny ihMdusqwn Awauxw sI[ dlIp isMG ny mhwrwxI ijMd kOr dy nW 'qy
ic`TI ilK nohymIAW nUM id`qI Aqy aus nUM p`kw kIqw ik ieh ic`TI qUM
Awp nypwl jw ky myrI mwqw nUM pkVwauxI hY[ ieh pikAweI ies
leI kIqI ik nvMbr 1856 nUM iksy ny dlIp isMG dy nW hyT mhwrwxI
qoN pYsy btorn leI aus nUM ic`TI ilK id`qI sI[ ieh nypwl dy drbwr
iv`c pkVI geI, jo ihMd srkwr ny kort Aw& fwierYktrz (vlwieq)
nUM Byj id`qI Aqy aunHW ny A`goN lwgn nUM Byj id`qI sI[
pMfq nohymIAW Awp qW nypwl nhIN igAw, pr aus ny ie`k
audwsI sMq mnI rwm dy h`Q auh ic`TI mhwrwxI nUM dyx leI Byj id`qI[
pqw nhIN ieh mhwrwxI kol phuMcI jW nW phuMcI[ lwgn srkwr dw
ip`TU hox krky bVw SYqwn sI[ mlkw, srkwr Aqy lwgn nhIN cwhuMdy
sI ik ijMdW dw myL dlIp nwl hovy[ lwgn ny 30 jnvrI 1857 nUM
Awpxy v`loN nohymIAW nUM p`qr iliKAw Aqy nypwl jwx leI pYsy Byjy[
aus p`qr iv`c ies ny iliKAw, 'mhwrwjw cwhuMdw hY ik ijMdW nypwl
hI rhy[ ies qoN cMgI QW aus leI hor koeI nhIN[' ies p`qr dw
au~qr nohymIAW ny 26 jnvrI nUM ByijAw Aqy iliKAw ik lwrf kYinMg
(Canning) ny mYnUM nypwl jwx dI AwigAw nhIN id`qI[ pr AsIN
rYzIfYNt rwhIN ijMdW nUM mhwrwjy dy ivcwrW bwry sw& sw& ds id`qw
hY[AMgryzW dw ieh rYzIfYNt kTmMfU ivKy rihMdw sI[ ieh mhwrwxI
88
'qy nzr vI rKdw sI ik auh AMdrKwqy pMjwb iv`c is`KW nUM gVbVI
leI qW nhIN auqSwihq kr rhI[
mhwrwjy v`loN mhwrwxI nUM hor ic`TI ByjxI

mhwrwjw Kud ieh vrnx krdw hY ik 1857 dy gdr ip`CoN myrI
ie`k p`qRkw jo mYN lwgn nUM id`qI Aqy aus ny nypwl 'c ibRitS rYzIfYNt
nUM ByjI[ iPr rYzIfYNt ny nypwl dy ie`k mMqrIN rwhIN myrI mW pws
phuMcw id`qI[ mYN ies iv`c iliKAw sI ik hux ihMdusqwn dy hwlwq
SWq hox kr ky myrw au~Qy phuMcxw sMBv hY[ mYN dyS vwps prqx leI
koiSS kr irhw hW qy srkwr qoN iejwzq imlx leI AsvMd hW[ mYnUM
ies p`qR dw jvwb vI iml igAw ijs dy Sbd sn:
"dUlw jI, qyrI ic`TI iksy mry ienswn leI jIvn dy AMimRq
ijhI hY, myrw ihrdw nv-iKVy gulwb vWg PYl igAw hY, virHAW qoN
ibmwr peIAW myrIAW A`KW qyrI ic`TI dyK ky nO-br-nO ho geIAW
ny....["
dlIp isMG Anuswr, "aus dw pùqr AYlvfY~n 'c myry dsqwvyzW
'c ipAw hY[ (ieh Sbd nvqyj srnw dI pusqk 'jlwvqnI 'dy pMnw
199 'qy drz hn)[ auh A`gy ilKdw hY ik AwKrkwr koeI sI ijs
nwl myrw koeI sMbMD sI, ijs dw lhU myrIAW nwVW 'c vihMdw sI, ijs
dy hr iKAwl dI mYN klpxw kr skdw hW[ auh myrI mW sI[.....
AMgryzW ny aus nUM bdnwm krn leI jo khwxIAW GVIAW ny Aqy jo
kuPr aunHW AwpxIAW PweIlW Aqy ieiqhws dIAW pusqkW 'c
iliKAw....ik auh pMjwb dI mYslInw sI, ik aus dy ikMny hI AwiSk
sn....sucyq isMG, lwl isMG Aqy ikMny hI hor, ik mYN Syry pMjwb dw
spUq nhIN sgoN Swied iksy iBSqI (pwxI ipAwaux vwlw) dI AOlwd
sW jo lwhOr iklHy dy bwgW, SwhI kmirAW Aqy hrmW 'c ip`T 'qy pwxI
nwl BrI mSk cu`kI AwieAw krdw sI....["
Agsq 1857 iv`c lwgn ny sr jymz mYlivl (Sir James
Melvill) qoN pqw kIqw ik mhwrwjy dy ihMdusqwn jwx bwry koeI au~qr
AwieAw hY jW nhIN? nwL hI AwiKAw ik jykr kort Aw& fwierYktrz
89
aus nUM jwgIr dy dyvy qW auh ihMdusqwn dI bjwey vlwieq iv`c Awpxw
Gr bxw lvygw[ lwgn dI ies rwey sMbMDI hYdrtn (Hatherton) ny
mhwrwjy nUM ikhw, "Awp nUM rihx vwsqy lMfn jW ies dy Aws pws
koeI cMgw mihl KRId lYxw cwhIdw hY"[ au~qr iv`c dlIp isMG ny
ikhw, "mYN AwpxI bwbq hux Awp soc skdw hW[" Bwv mhwrwjw
ihMdusqwn Awaux leI idRV sI[
dlIp isMG nUM ihMdusqwn jwx qoN rokx leI lwgn

v`loN KyfI nvIN cwl
kurg dy rwjy dI SihzwdI jo eIsweI bx cu`kI sI Aqy vlwieq
dI mlkw ny aus nUM AwpxI DI bxwieAw hoieAw sI[ ies SihzwdI
nUM mlkw ny lwgn dy spurd kIqw hoieAw sI[ mhwrwjw vI lwgn pws
rihMdw sI[ ijs kwrn ienHW dohW dw imlwp, g`l bwq Aqy bYTxI
auT`xI kw&I sI[ mlkw dy kihx 'qy lyfI lwgn ny dlIp isMG 'qy zor
pwieAw ik auh kurg dI SihzwdI nUM AwpxI rwxI bxw lvy[ lwgn
vI mhwrwjy nUM bVw vifAwauNdw sI ik jykr qUM kurg dI SihzwdI
ivktorIAw gormw (Victoria Gorma) nwL ivAwh krvw lvyN qW qyrw
jIvn hor vI svrg bx jwvygw[ pr dlIp isMG ny gormw nwL
ivAwh krvwaux qoN korw jvwb dy id`qw sI[
dlIp isMG ny ihMdusqwn phuMcxw

dsMbr 1860 iv`c dlIp isMG ny ihMdusqwn jwx dw mn bxw
ilAw[ ieMfIAw Awi&s qoN sr cwrls vu`f dw p`qr imilAw ik auh
jmnw dy pUrb 'c ihMdusqwn dy hr ih`sy iv`c GuMm iPr skdw hY, pr
pMjwb nhIN jw skdw[ nwL hI mW nUM imlx dI AwigAw vI dy id`qI
jo AMnHI ho cu`kI sI[ jnvrI 1861 dy AwKIr 'c dlIp smuMdrI jhwz
klk`qw dI bMdrgwh 'qy pu`jw[ mhwrwjy nUM ie`Qy 21 qopW dI slwmI
id`qI geI Aqy rhwieS dw pRbMD spYNsz hotl iv`c hI kIqw igAw[
ieQy purwxy nOkr mhwrwjy nUM KuS ho ky imLy[ BqIjw iSvdyv isMG vI
Aw ky Awpxy cwcy nUM imilAw[
dlIp isMG ny Awaux swr hI kuJ bMdy mwqw ijMdW nUM lYx leI
90
nypwl Byj id`qy auh mMqrI dI shwieqw nwl rwxw jMg bhwdr nUM imly
Aqy ds idqw ik mhwrwjw dlIp isMG dy kihx 'qy AsIN mhwrwxI
nUM lYx Awey hW[ rwxw jMg bhwdr ny ijMdW nUM drbwr 'c bulwieAw Aqy
puìCAw, "kI qUM klk`qy Awpxy pu`qr kol jwxw cwhuMdI hYN"? ijMdW ny
ikhw, "hW! mYN jwxw hY[ pu`qr nUM imlx leI qW mYN icrW qoN ibhbl
hoeI peI hW[" mwvW leI qW pu`qr im`TVy myvy huMdy hn[" rwxy ny ikhw,
"jykr qUM jwxw cwhuMdI hYN qW myry drbwr iv`c iPr vwps nhIN Aw
skdI Aqy qYnUM iml irhw guzwrw B`qw vI nhIN imlygw"[ mhwrwxI ny
kih id`qw ,"rwxw jI, Awpxy mihlW iv`c r`Kx, myrI dyK Bwl Aqy
guzwrw B`qw mYnUM dyx leI quhwfw l`K l`K DMnvwd[ mYN quhwfy kIqy
praupkwr dI dyx nhIN dy skdI[ pr mYN pu`qr nUM imlx leI bVI
byv`s hW Aqy sB kuJ kurbwn krn leI iqAwr hW[ ieM\ KuSI KuSI
mhwrwxI klk`qy vl c`l peI[
mW pu`q dw imlwp
qkrIbn 13 swl ip`CoN iv`CVy hoey mW-pu`qr dw imlwp PrvrI
1861 nUM klk`qy ivKy jdoN hoieAw qW dohW dIAW s`DrW, ieCwvW Aqy
mno kwmnwvW pUrIAW ho geIAW[ imlwp smyN KuSI nwL mwno mW-pu`q
dy pYr DrqI 'qy nhIN sI l`g rhy[ mW ijMdW ny dlIp nUM AYsI ipAwr
BrI glv`kVI pweI ik auh C`fx dw nw nhIN sI lY rhI[ icrW dy gm,
audwsI Aqy idlgIrI ie`k vwr AwnMd 'c bdl geI[ mW dw ihrdw
TMFw Twr ho igAw[ ies imlwp bwry hrcMd isMG bwgVI ny bVy BwvI
Sbd rcy hn:
mW ny pu`q nUM Gu`t ky CìfAw nw, ijmI-Asmwn ijauN imly Aw bylI[
hrcMd isMG A`KW ClkdIAW ny, hMJU KuSI dy vhy AQwh bylI[
pqI Syir-ey-pMjwb dI mOq, rwj Bwg Kusx qy pu`qr dy ivCoVy

dy gm kwrn mhwrwxI ro ro ky AMnHI ho geI sI[ ie`k dUjy dy kol bYT
ky mW-pu`q iPrMgI v`loN kIqIAW vDIkIAW dy du`K sWJy krn l`gy[ pu`qr
dlIp isMG, mW dIAW nyqrhIx A`KW nUM q`k bVw prySwn sI[ mW ijMdW
bwr bwr kih rhI sI, "pu`qr! AwpW dohW ny pqw nhIN ikhVy mwVy
krm kIqy hoey hn jo r`b AwpW nUM AYsI sjw dy irhw hY? pr iPr vI
91
dwqy dw Sukr hY ik ijauNdy jI qyry nwL imlwp ho igAw hY"[ ies qrHW
g`lW bwqW krdI ijMdW kdy dlIp dy h`Q cuMmdI hY qy kdy pRym 'c iB`j
ky srIr 'qy h`Q PyrdI hY[ ieM\ krdI krdI dw kudrqI aus dw h`Q
jdoN dlIp dy isr 'qy igAw qW aus ny kys k`ty mihsUs kIqy[ auh
DwhIN mwr ky rox l`g peI[ AYsI hwlq dyK dlIp boilAw, "mW qUM
ieqnw ro ikauN rhI hYN? qYnUM qW KuS hoxw cwhIdw hY[ AwpW ikqnw icr
ip`CoN iek`Ty hoey hW[ A`goN ijMdW fwFy du`KI ihrdy nwl bolI, "pu`qr!
mYnUM izMdgI iv`c qyry ipqw dy sMswr qoN cly jwx dw, is`K rwj Bwg
Ku`sx dw, iPrMgI dy sqwaux dw Aqy qyry ivCoVy dw ieqnw du`K nhIN sI
hoieAw ijqnw A`j mYnUM qyrI guris`KI jwx dw du`K hoieAw hY"[ dlIp
Awpxw idl krVw kr ky mW nUM ivrwaux Aqy nw rox leI smJwaux
dI koiSS krdw hY pr auh roeI jw rhI sI[ ie`k kvI ny ies hwlq
nUM bVy idl tuMbvyN SbdW 'c ibAwn kIqw hY:
ivCVI ijMdW nUM jdoN dlIp imilAw, DwhW mwr sI roeI mzbUr mwqw[
jUVw pu`q dy isr nw vyK ky 'qy, ho geI tu`t ky cknw cUr mwqw[
ijMdW roNdI hoeI ivrlwp kr rhI sI Aqy kih rhI sI, "pu`qr!
kys r`bI dyx hn qy gurU dI mohr hn[ kys ktwauxy kudrq dw ivroD
krnw hY[ ieh ruhwnIAq dw pRqIk hn, srIr dw iSMgwr Aqy is`KI
dI Awn 'qy Swn hn[ BweI qwrU isMG ny Awpxy isr dI KoprI kysW
sxy auqwrn leI qW kbUl kr ilAw pr is`KI Aqy kysW nUM AWc nhIN
sI Awaux id`qI, Bwv kys kql nhIN krn id`qy[ AYsy ihrdy vydk
Sbd sux dlIp isMG ny mW dI ies jzbwqI hwLq q`k ky vwAdw
kIqw[ aus ny jo bol mW ijMdW nUM khy kvI ny kivqw iv`c ieM\ icqR
id`qy:
A`goN ikhw mW dy crn PV ky, iPrMgI kIqw ey is`KI qoN dUr mwqw[
AMimRq Ck ky sjMU mYN isMG mwqw, shuM KWdw hW qyry hzUr mwqw[
ieh Gtnw drswauNdI hY ik duKI mhwrwxI ijMdW dy idl iv`c

is`KI pRqI ikqnw pRym, Bwvnw Aqy SrDw hY[ aus dy idl ibMnHvyN bolW
ny mhwrwjw dlIp isMG nUM muV is`KI iv`c prp`k krw id`qw sI[
92
dlIp isMG ny AwpxI mW nUM ikhw, "mW! mYN qYnUM imlx leI fwFw
icMqq sW pr ihMdusqwn iv`c Awauxw vI myry leI koeI Awswn nhIN
sI[ sB srkwrI A&sr Aqy vlwieq dI mlkw vI ieh socdI sI
ik ieh AwpxI mW nwL imL ky aunHW leI v`fI musIbq KVHI kr skdw
hY[ myry bwr bwr kihx 'qy ieMfIAw Awi&s qoN sr cwrls vu`f ny
iejwzq dy id`qI ik qUM jmnw dy pUrb 'c ihMdusqwn dy ielwky iv`c hI
GuMm iPr skdw hNY[ BwvyN mYnUM ieh SwhI mihmwn AwK ky qopW Awid
dI slwmI dy rhy hn pr AMdrKwqy ienHW dI nIqI bVI jitl hY[
AMgryz srkwr myrI hr hrkq 'qy cOksI r`K rhI hY[ mYnUM qW
brqwnvI swmrwj ny ie`k kYdI dI qrHW rìKAw hoieAw hY[ hor qW hor
ijs stImr iv`c mYN AwieAw hW aus iv`c vI myry iKAwl jwnx leI
ienHW bMdw CìfAw hoieAw sI[ aus ny mYnUM puìCAw ik pMjwb jwx dw
qyrw kI ierwdw hY qW mYN ieh au~qr id`qw, "brqwnvI srkwr myry 'qy
ivSvwS nhIN krdI'[ myry AwKy ieh Sbd vI lwrf kYinMg q`k pu`j
gey[' pMjwb jwx leI qW ieh kih rhy hn ik qYnUM gvrnr jnrl
qoN mnzUrI lYxI pvygI[ ieh lok qW mYnUM ieh kih ky frw rhy hn ik
jykr qUM pMjwb igAw qW qYnUM is`K mwr dyxgy[
mhwrwjw qy is`K &OjW

mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG Aqy mhwrwxI ijMd kOr ihMd srkwr v`loN
klk`qy dy spYNsz hotl iv`c Tihrwey hoey sn[ srkwr ny hotl dy
cOigrd bVI BwrI puils qwienwq kIqI hoeI sI[ aus nUM fr sI ik
pMjwbI koeI gdr nw mcw dyx[ iksy nUM ieh iezwzq nhIN sI ik auh
mhwrwjy nUM iml sky[ pr ijauN hI pMjwbIAW nUM ieh sUh l`gI ik
mhwrwjw klk`qy AwieAw hoieAw hY[ nwmvr pMjwbIAW ny drSnW
leI klk`qy phuMcxw SurU kr id`qw[ iSvdyv isMG vI klk`qy, Brw nUM
imlx leI phuMc igAw[ dUjy pwsy cIn dI lVweI qoN vwps Aw
rhIAW kuJ is`K rjmYNtW nUM ^br imlI ik dlIp isMG klk`qy AwieAw
hoieAw hY qW aunWH dy mnW AMdr vI bVI BwrI KuSI hoeI[ BwvyN auh POjI
inXmW iv`c b`Jy hoey sn pr mhwrwjy dy drSnW leI aunHW dy idlW
AMdr bVw cwA, mlwr Aqy joS sI[ is`K &OjI spYNsz hotl dy
duAwly iek`Ty hoxy SurU ho gey[ mhwrwjw hotl dI bwlkonI iv`c KVHo
93
dovyN h`Q joV &OjIAW dw qy hwzr pMjwbIAW dw suAwgq krdw sI[
ieh dyK srkwr nUM h`QW pYrW dI pY geI[ iksy gVbV qoN fridAW
vwies rwey lwrf kYinMg ny mhwrwjy nUM AwiKAw ik auh jldI qoN
jldI ihMdusqwn C`f ky vlwieq leI rvwnw ho jwvy[ aus ny ieh vI
hukm id`qw ik qyrI mwqw ihMdusqwn 'c nhIN rih skdI[ AsIN aus
nUM do qoN iqMn hzwr swlwnw pYnSn dy ky lMkw ivKy Tihrwaux dw pRbMD
kr idAWgy[ jdoN dlIp isMG ny ijMdW nUM srkwr dI ieh qzvIz d`sI
qW aus ny AwiKAw, "puq`r ! mYN hux qyry nwL hI rhWgI[ qYQoN dUr
rihx dI bjwie qW mYN mrnw hI psMd krWgI[ hux qW mYN qYnUM dyK ky
hI ijauN rhI hW"[ gurbwxI dy vI bol hn:
pUq pyiK ijau jIvq mwqw] (ñùø)
jdoN dlIp isMG ny AwpxI mwqw dI soc bwry vwiesrwey nUM

dìsAw qW aus ny gvrnr jnrl nwL slwh kr ky kih id`qw ik qUM
AwpxI mwqw nUM vlwieq Awpxy nwl iljw skdw hNY[ ieh hrI JMfI
vI byeImwn iPrMgIAW ny ieh jwx ky id`qI ik ijMdW qW hux A`KW qoN
AMnHI hY Aqy srIr p`KoN vI kw&I kmzor hY[ vwiesrwey ny iksy iksm
dI gVbV qoN fridAW 19 ApRYl 1861 nUM iqAwr KVHy stImr iv`c hI
mhwrwjw qy aus dI mW nUM vlwieq vl qor id`qw[ mhwrwjy dI Syr dw
iSkwr Kyfx dI mnokwmnw pUrI nw hoeI[ pr ieh g`l drswauNdI hY
ik mhwrwjw idl dw bVw dlyr, in`fr Aqy srIrk qOr 'qy bhuq
qwkqvr sI[
ieMglYNf phuMcxw
julweI 1861 nUM mW-puq
` r ieMglYNf phuc
M gey[ BwvyN srkwr ny ijMdW
leI lYnkwstr gyt nyVy Gr dw pRbD M kIqw hoieAw sI, pr auh dlIp
isMG nwL mulgryv kYsl iv`c rihx l`gI[ kihMdy ny lyfI lwgn Awpxy
iqMn bìcAW nwL Kws qOr qy mhwrwxI nUM dyKx AweI[ aus ny mhwrwxI
dI sud
M rqw, qh`ml mzwzI, bybwk idlI Aqy sMjIdgI bwry pihlW bhuq
kuJ suixAw hoieAw sI[ ijMdW dI KUbsUrqI qW aus vkq gRihxI geI sI
Aqy ishq vI kmzor sI pr lyfI lwgn ny srsrI nzr 'c jwx ilAw
ik Ajy vI auh bVI cyqn M Aqy sulJy ivcwr rKdI hY[
94
mW-pu`q dy vlwieq phuMcx auprMq lwgn ijhVw dlIp isMG dw
rKvwlw bixAw hoieAw sI bwhroN im`TbolVw pr idloN Kotw hox kr ky
dlIp dI hr cwl Fwl qy hrkq 'qy ingHw r`K irhw sI[ ies ny ghu
nwl dyiKAw ik jdoN dw mhwrwjw ihMd qoN AwieAw hY ieh hux G`t hI
igrjwGr jWdw hY[ pihlW qW ieh hr AYqvwr bVI SrDw nwl igrjy
AwauNdw sI[ ies ny ieh g`l iPps q`k phuMcw id`qI[ nwl hI ieh
dìsAw ik mhwrwjw lMfn dy Ajwieb Gr 'c peI nIlI ikqwb (Blue
Book) qoN mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dIAW j`dI jwiedwdW dw pqw
lgwauNdw iPrdw hY[ hor qW hor ieh ihMdusqwn AMdr AwpxI jwgIr
sQwpq krn dI soc rKdw hY[ lgdw hY ies dI mW ieh sB kuJ isKw
rhI hY[ ieh jwxkwrI lwgn ny iPps q`k phuMcw id`qI[
4 Agsq 1861 nMU iPps ny lwgn nUM p`qr 'c iliKAw ik ijMdW
dw vlwieq iv`c Awauxw swfI bd-iksmqI hY[ lwgn ikauNik srkwr
dw dlwl sI ies ny sr cwrls nUM dsMbr 1861 dy p`qr 'c iliKAw,
"ijMnI CyqI ho sky, mhwrwjy nUM ijMdW dy bury Asr qoN bcwieAw jwvy,
Bwv aus dI SwdI kIqI jwvy[ iPps ny 16 jUn 1862 nUM ie`k p`qr
ihMd srkwr nUM ByijAw ijs iv`c AMikq sI ik ijMdW nUM ihMdusqwn
Awaux qoN nw roko ikauN ik ieh dlIp isMG nUM pu`TI p`tI pVHw rhI hY
pr ihMd srkwr ny ies p`qr dy au~qr iv`c iliKAw ik mhwrwxI
ihMdusqwn qoN bwhr hI r`KI jwvy[ ihMdusqwn phuMc ky qW auh swfy leI
v`fI smìsAw KVHI kr dvygI[
dUjy pwsy mW-pu`q jdoN iek`Ty bYT ky Awpxy bIqy du`K su`K sWJy
krdy sn qW is`K rwj dy ivnwS, gdwrW dI gdwrI, iPrMgI dI Pu`t
pwaU nIqI, jylHW 'c su`txw, srpRsq Qwpxy, Drm prIvrqn Awid
mu`K ivSy huMdy sn[ ienswn dy jIvn AMdr AwpsI g`l bwq rUh dI
Kurwk huMdI hY, AOKw smW lMGwaux leI shwiek huMdI hY Aqy mn dw
qxwA dUr kr idMdI hY[ ie`k idn dlIp ny mW ijMdW nUM dìsAw ik
myrI nwbwlgI kwrn lwgn joVw lMbw smW srpRsqI inBwauNdw irhw
hY[ ienHW mYnUM auproN auproN bVw ipAwr kIqw[ CotI aumr kr ky mYN
ienHW dI hr g`l 'qy Brosw kIqw, ienHW dI hr g`l mMnI Aqy ie`k cMgy
bwlk dI qrHW ivvhwr kIqw[ pr hux mYnUM mihsUs ho irhw hY ik ienHW
95
ny mYnUM bhuq vrglwieAw Aqy Awpxy pMjy iv`c jkV ky bVy tyFy qIr
myry 'qy clwey[ lwgn ny mYnUM ieh isìKAw id`qI ik eIsweI bx ky Aqy
ieMglYNf phuMc ky qUM cMgI ivìdAw hwsl kr lvyNgw Aqy cMgy Ahudy 'qy
phuMc jwvyNgw[ inAwxypx iv`c mYN vI soicAw ik eIsweI Drm Apxw
ky Aqy ieMglYNf phuMc ky mYN au~c kotI dI ivìdAw pRwpq kr ky Aqy
cMgy ivvhwr is`K ky Awpxw jIvn pRPu`lq kr lvWgw Aqy ieh lok
mYnUM sUJvwn smJ ky pMjwb dw rwj Bwg sMBwl dyxgy pr iehnW SYqwnW
ny mYnMU pVHweI qoN vI kyvl vWJy hI nhIN rìKAw sgoN Awpxw kYdI bxw ky
rìKAw[ mYN socdw sI AMgryz bVy inAWkwrI, KulH idly Aqy spSt soc
vwly hn [ mYN iehnW nUM Awpxy v`lNo pUrI vPwdwrI Aqy sdBwvnw idKweI
pr hux pqw lìgAw hY ik iehnW dI nIqI bVI hI kutl , DoKy vwlI,
lùt, pùt qy kùt BrI hY[ flhOzI ny 16 swl dI aumr hox 'qy vI bwlg
hox dw mYnMU AiDkwr nw id`qw Aqy ies leI 3 swl dI dyrI kIqI[
PqHygVH iv`c myrw l`KW dw kImqI smwn lutw id`qw[ dunIAW dw pRis`D
Aqy kImqI koihnUr hIrw clwkI nwl mYQNo hiQAw ilAw[ lwgn lMmy
smyN dI srpRsqI AMdr myry Dn 'qy pilAw, Bwv aus ny swrI hmdrdI
myrw ^zwnw lùtx leI idKweI, jdoN kdy vI mYN Awpxw ihswb ikqwb
pUrw krn dI mMg kIqI qW ies ny twL-mtoL kIqw[
brqwnIAW srkwr ny ieh soc ky ik ijMdW vwps ihMds u qwn jwx
leI KihVy nw pY jwvy aus dy Kohy jyvr vwps krny mMn ley[ aus leI
3000 pONf swlwnw pYnSn vI lgw id`qI[ ieh jyvr igxqI iv`c 500
qoN vI v`D sn, ijnHW iv`c moqI jVHy hwr, sony dy it`k,y bwjU bMd, hIry qy
jvwhrwq sn[ iehnw dI sUcI kYptn rynI ny bxweI sI[ ienHW nUM 21
bkisAW iv`c bMd kr ky stImiS`p iSmlw rwhIN ieMglYNf ByijAw
igAw[ lwgn ny kstm rWhI jyvr Cfvwaux dw pRbD M kIqw sI[
1862 dI g`l hY ik dlIp isMG ny ijMdW dw ic`qr bxwaux leI
ic`qrkwr jwrz ir`cmONf (George Richmond) nUM bulwieAw aunWH idnW
'c &otogRwPI kYmry Ajy hoNd iv`c nhIN sI Awey[ ic`qrkwr qsvIrW
h`QIN bxwieAw krdy sn[ mhwrwxI dy bhuq hI suMdr bsqr pihnwey
gey[ aus dy Awpxy gihxy jo pihlW drswey gey hn gL iv`c pwey
gey qy vwlW, h`QW, kMnW, pYrW Awid iv`c iSMgwry gey[ ijMdW dI 45
96
swl dI aumr iv`c ir`cmONf v`loN iqAwr kIqy pMjwbI ilbws vwlw
icqr bhuq pR~clq hY Aqy mhwrwxI dy ichry dI shI id`K pRgt
krdw hY[ ieiqhwskwrW muqwbk mhwrwxI dy gly dy hwr Syir-ey-
pMjwb v`loN aus dI SwdI smyN bxwey sn[ ie`k hwr 6 AkqUbr 1999
nUM siqMdr Aqy nirMdr kMpnI ny KRIidAw sI[ dUjw hwr jo 50 kYrts
(Carats) dw sI Pryzr AYNf hwvys gryfz krwaUn ijaUlrz vwilAW
ny 55 hjwr do sO pONf dw vyicAw ijs ny KRIidAw aus ny Awpxw nw
nhIN dìsAw[ ieh hwr dlIp isMG dI sMqwn pwsoN KRIidAw hoieAw
ipClIAW do pIVHIAW qoN vycx vwilAW pws sI[
ijMdW nUM v`Kry Gr iv`c Byjxw

BwvyN dlIp isMG AwpxI mW nwl rihxW psMd krdw sI qy ijMdW
pu`qr nwl hI rihxw cwhuMdI sI pr inrdeI, jwhl Aqy byeImwn
AMgRyzW ny AwpxI pugweI qy mW-pu`q nUM v`Krw kr ky rhy[ ienHW ijMdW
nUM dlIp dy kYsl 'coN k`F ky AYibMgfn hwaUs (Abingdon House) Byj
id`qw[ dlIp isMG 'qy bMdS lgw id`qI ik qUM hr roz AwpxI mwqw nUM
nhIN iml skdw ArQwq kdy-kdweIN iml iskdw hYN[ ijs kmry iv`c
mhwrwxI nUM rhwieS id`qI aus dIAW iKVkIAW 'qy moty pVdy lgw
id`qy ijs kwrn kmry 'c hr smyN AMDyrw hI rihMdw sI[ bYTx jW sOx
leI &rS 'qy hI g`dy lgw id`qy[ nOkrW cwkrW dI bolI vI smJ qoN
v`KrI Aqy Kwxy vI v`Kry[ieM\ mhwrwxI ie`Qy iek`lqw kr ky hor vI
icMqq ho geI[ mwno ieh irhwieS aus leI jylH hI sI[ iPrMgI v`loN
aus leI ieh bMdSW, bdslUkI, byqmIzI Aqy bdmwSI BrIAW aus
nUM jldI ^qm krn v`l ie`k soicAw smiJAw kdm sI[ ieh lok
ijMdw idl ijMdW nUM ijauNdy jIA kMfw cu`Bx dy du`K vWg smJdy sn[
ies auprMq jdoN nvyN Gr iv`c dlIp isMG, ijMdW nUM imlx AwieAw
qW aus ny duKI ihrdy nwL ieh Sbd khy, "puq`r! dunIAW ny qW
dyiKAw hY, Gr myrw jldw hoieAw[ mgr iksy ny dyiKAw nhIN, idl
myrw jldw hoieAw[ bytw! idl iv`c bVw cwA sI qyry nwL rih ky
rihMdw jIvn bqIq krn dw pr ienHW duStW ny auh vI pUrw nw krn
id`qw[ pr mYN qYnUM AslIAq d`sW, gurU Awsry myrw mnobl Ajy vI
bhuq au~cw hY[ mYN ienHW hwkmW A`gy mrnw qW kbUl kr lvWgI pr
Awpxw dIn iemwn nhIN vycWgI"[
97
ijauN ijauN smW lMGdw igAw mhwrwxI dI ishq kmzor huMdI
geI[ mhwrwjw h&qy iv`c do vwr mW nUM imlx AwauNdw sI[ aus ny mW
dw ielwz AMgryzI dvweIAW nwl SurU krvw id`qw[ pr Asr G`t
hI hoieAw[ mu`K rog ijMdW nUM pu`qr nwloN ivCoVy dI icMqw sI qy icMqw
nUM icKw brwbr mMinAw igAw hY[ icMqw ibmwrIAW dI mW hY[ AMqly
smyN qoN kuJ idn pihlW jdoN dlIp isMG imlx AwieAw qW ijMdW ny
ikhw, "pùqr! lgdw hY hux myrw AMn-jl sMswr qoN mùkx vwlw hY[ mYnMU
sMswr qoN jwx dw i&kr nhIN ikauNik mYN iPrMgI nUM bVIAW BwjVW
pweIAW[ ieh mYQoN ijauNdI qoN vI frdy hn Aqy myrI mOq ip`CoN vI
frngy[ myry mn dIAW kuJ KwhSW hn auh pUrIAW kr deIN[ pihlI,
ieh ik myry srIr nUM ienHW duStW dy dyS iv`c nw d&nweI[ qUM aus Syr
dI AOlwd hYN ijs nUM ieh lok Jukw nhIN sky[ ies leI dlyr ho ky
Awpxy ipqw dI smwD kol myrw sskwr krIN[ dUjI, is`KI Dwrn kr
ky dSmyS ipqw dw isMG sj jweIN[ qIjI, iehnW AMgRyzW swmHxy kdy
hwr nw mMnI[ cOQI, pMjwb dI prjw nUM ienHW dI gulwmI qoN Cutkwrw
pwaux leI jgweIN[ pMjvIN, ienHW ny gdwrW dI m`dd nwL kOm iv`c
Pu`t pw ky, Kwnw jMgI krw ky AwpxI &Oj dy blbUqy 'qy is`K rwj hV`p
ilAw qy swry Kzwny 'qy kwbz ho gey[ pr qyry ipqw dI j`dI jwiedwd
kwnUMn muqwbk ieh hiQAw nhIN skdy[ aus aupr qyrw h`k bxdw hY,
auh lY ky rhIN[
mhwrwxI dw idhWq
kudrq dy inXm Anuswr jo jIv jMimAW hY aus dw ie`k idn
AMq hoxw hI hY[ mOq aumr nhIN dyKdI r`bI hukm Anuswr huMdI hY[
AMq 1 Agsq 1863 nUM mhwrwxI ijMd kOr kYnisMgtn ivKy AYibMgfn
hwaUs AMdr rwq smyN suqI hoeI pUrI ho geI[ mhwrwxI dy idhWq dI
^br suxdy swr dlIp isMG bVI gmgIn hwlq iv`c roNdw hoieAw
AYibMgfn hwaUs phuMicAw[ nyVy qyVy dy ihMdusqwnI vI ijMdW dy sog
iv`c phuMcy[ lwgn vI qwr imlx 'qy pirvwr smyq phuMc igAw[
mhwrwjw ny lwgn dy moFy l`g ky AwiKAw, "mW dy srIr nUM sskwr leI
mYN pMjwb iljwxw cwhuMdw hY qW ik aus dI AMiqm ie`Cw pUrI ho sky["
lwgn ny brqwnvI srkwr kol jd dlIp dy ieh Sbd phuMcwey qW
98
srkwr ny hukm kIqw ik mhwrwjw AwpxI mW dy imRqk srIr nUM pMjwb
nhIN iljw skdw[ ies nwL pMjwb iv`c gVbV ho skdI hY[ ies
qrHW ijMdW v`loN pu`qr nUM mrn qoN pihlW khy hoey bol ik 'iPrMgI mYQoN
ijauNdI qoN vI frdw hY Aqy myrI mOq ip`CoN vI frygw' shI ho gey[
srkwr v`loN jvwb imlx 'qy ijMdW dy imRqk srIr dw ieSnwn
krvw Aqy bsqr pihnw ky ArQI iv`c itkw id`qw[ ieh soc ky ik
jd qIk ijMdW nUM pMjwb iljwx dI iezwzq nhIN imldI qd q`k aus
dw srIr kYNsl grIn dy SmSwn Gwt fweIsYNtr cY~pl iv`c r`Kx dw
ivcwr kIqw[ swrIAW rsmW krn auprMq Aqy srIr nUM TIk r`Kx
leI rswieixk pdwrQ lgw ky ie`k bksy 'c bMd kr fweIsYNtr
cYp`l iv`c itkw id`qw[ bksy kol ie`k p`Qr dI slyt 'qy gurmuKI
A`KrW 'c Kudvw id`qw, 'ijMd kOr'[
dI tYlIgRwP sMfy julweI 26, 2009 (The Telegraph Sunday July
26, 2009) jo lMfn 'c Cpdw hY, iv`c Kbr CpI ik 1997 iv`c jdoN
nw vrqoN iv`c Aw rhy purwxy kbrsqwn (kYNsl grIn fweIsYNtr cYp`l
dI murMmq SurU hoeI qW au~QoN putweI smyN mhwrwxI ijMd kOr dy nW dw
ic`tw p`Qr inkilAw[ pItr bYNs ilKdy hn ik mYnUM Pon kIqw igAw
ik qusIN Awau Aqy pVoH ies 'qy kI iliKAw hoieAw hY[ jdoN mYN Aw
ky piVHAw qW gurmuKI A`KrW iv`c aus 'qy 'ijMd kOr' iliKAw hoieAw
sI[ ieh p`Qr ic`ty rMg dw hY[
is`KI rsmW Anuswr imRqk srIr dw dwh-sMskwr kIqw jWdw
hY[ sMn 1885 q`k kYnisMgtn ivKy dwh sMskwr krnw gYr knUMnI sI[
mhwrwjy ny AwpxI mwqw dI AwKrI KwhS pUrI krn leI srkwr nUM
keI p`qr ilKy [ AwKIr 6 mhIny ip`CoN 1864 dy mOsm bhwr smyN
srkwr v`loN ieh hukm AwieAw ik qUM AwpxI mwqw dw sskwr
ihMdusqwn iv`c bMbeI dy nyVy iljw ky kr skdw hYN, pMjwb 'c nhIN
iljw skdw[ brqwnIAW dI srkwr ijs dy rwj iv`c sUrj nhIN sI
iCpdw Aqy Awpxy Awp nUM mhwn qwkqvr sdwauNdI sI aus dw
ienswP dyKo ie`k imRqk AOrq dw sskwr vI aus dI ieìCAw
Anuswr nhIN krn dy rhI sI[ ies qoN v`fw zulm, isqm Aqy
AinAW hor kI ho skdw hY?
99
ijMdW dy imRqk srIr nUM ihMdusqwn ljwx leI jdoN iezwzq
iml geI qW 1864 iv`c kYNsl grIn ivKy mhwrwjy nwl dùK sWJw krn
leI Aqy mhwrwxI dy srIr dI rvwngI leI iek`T hoieAw[ mhwrwjy
ny c`lx qoN pihlW phuMcy pqvMqy, nOkrW-cwkrW Aqy srkwr dw DMnvwd
kIqw[ iPr stImiSp rwhIN bMbeI phuMicAw[ ihMd srkwr dw hukm
AwieAw ik qUM bMbeI dI h`d pwr nhIN kr skdw[ srkwr ny
mhwrwxI dy sMskwr leI nrbdw ndI dy kMFy aujwV ijhI QW 'qy sB
pRbMD kIqw hoieAw sI[ ieh QW nwisk ivKy pMcvtI dy lwgy sI[
srkwrI krmcwrI mhwrwxI dI ArQI bYNf bwjy nwl au~Qy lY ky gey[
gRMQI isMG dy Ardws krn qoN ip`CoN dlIp isMG ny icKw nUM Agn ByNt
kIqw[ Agly idn isvw TMFw hox 'qy aus dy Asq cugy Aqy rwK ndI
iv`c pw id`qI[ ieiqhwskwrW dy kQn Anuswr mhwrwxI dy Asq
bMbeI dy imaUzIAm iv`c r`Ky gey[ auprMq is`KW ny sskwr vwlI jgHw
'qy smwDI vI bxweI[ ieh smwDI 1924 q`k kpUrQlw styt dy ADIn
rhI[ mhwrwjw qW audws mn nwL bMbeI qoN jhwz rwhIN vlwieq nUM
qur igAw[ aus dy mn iv`c ieh g`l itkI rhI ik mYN mzbUrI kr ky
Aqy srkwr dI bdnIqI kwrn AwpxI mW dI mMg, ipqw rxjIq isMG
dI smwD lwgy sskwr krn sMbMDI pUrI nhIN kr sikAw[smW bIqdw
igAw mhwrwjy ny ivAwh vI krvw ilAw[ aus dy lVky lVkIAW vI
hoeIAW[ aus ny g`lW bwqW 'c Awpxy bìcAW nUM dìsAw hovygw ik mYN
AwpxI mW dI lwhOr ivKy ipqw dI smwD kol sskwr krn dI
ieìCAw pUrI nhIN kr sikAw[ brqwnIAW srkwr ny mwqw dy imRqk
srIr nUM lwhOr ivKy iljwx qy pwbMdI lgw id`qI sI[
mhwrwjy dI v`fI lVkI bMbw sudrlYNf (1869-1957) jo bMbw
mUlr dy pytoN 29 sqMbr 1869 nUM jnmI Aqy Syir-ey-pMjwb dI ku`l
iv`coN AwKrI DI ijauNdI sI, auh bwAd 'c lwhOr Aw ky vs geI[
ieh lMfn iv`c pVHI ilKI Aqy icqRklw dI mwhr sI[ lwhOr ivKy
ies ny AYfvrf kwlj, lwhOr dy ipRMsIpl fwktr fyivf vwtrz nwL
SwdI krweI[ ieh BwvyN ivdySI sI pr isAwxI, suhj, guxvMqI Aqy
mwqw ipqw dIAW g`lW 'qy Aml kr ky aunHW nUM isry cVHwaux dI soc
rKdI sI[ ies ny 1924 iv`c ihMdusqwn dI srkwr A`gy ArzI id`qI
100
ik myrI dwdI mhwrwxI ijMd kOr dIAW AsQIAW jo bMbeI dy Ajwieb
Gr 'c peIAW hn auh mYnUM id`qIAW jwx[ mYN ieh lwhOr iv`Ky Awpxy
dwdw jI mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI smwD kol r`KxIAW hn[ srkwr
ny ieh soc ky ik dlIp isMG vI hux ijauNdw nhIN, is`KW nUM AsIN is`KW
dy gurduAwirAW dy pRbMD leI is`KW dI 'SRomxI gurdvwrw pRbMDk
kmytI, AMimRqsr' vI bxw id`qI hYY[ ijs kwrn is`KW dy mnW iv`c
swfy pRqI pihlW vrgw ros nhIN hY Aqy bMbw vI nrm suBwA dI hY,
AsQIAW dyxIAW mnzUr kr id`qIAW[ ieh AsQIAW pRwpq krky
bMbw ny mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI smwD kol DrqI mW dy ByNt kr ky
AwpxI dwdI mW dI AMiqm ieìCAw 'qy Pu`l cVHw id`qy[ bMbw suMdrlYNf
ny lwhOr jo mwfl twaUn hwaUs 'guljwr' iv`c rihMdI sI mIr krIm
bKS sprw nUM Awpxw sk`qr bxwieAw[ krIm bKS aurdU, &wrsI
dw mwhr sI[ ies dI m`dd nwl bMbw ny is`K rwj sMbMDI kwPI icqR
Aqy hor vsqW sMBwlIAW[ 10 mwrc 1957 'c bMbw dw idhWq hoieAw[
ies dy Gr iv`c krIm bKS rihx l`g ipAw[ ieh vsqW A`j vI
lwhOr dy iklHy iv`c 'SihzwdI bMbw dy sMgrih' (Princess Bamba's
Collection) dy nW hyT suSoBq hn[
101
AiDAwie 6
dlIp isMG ny mW ijMdW dI nsIhq 'qy Pu`l cVHwauxy
mhwrwxI sMswr qoN clI geI[ aus dw spUq sB rsmW kr ky
bMbeI qoN vlwieq vl c`l ipAw[ rsqy 'c socW socdw ik k`l-mk`ly
leI hux jIvn ibqwauxw AOKw ids irhw hY ies leI jIvn swQI dI
zrUrq hY[ jdoN ie`k vwr ieh pihlW 1856 'c iskMdrIAw (Alexandria)
igAw sI qW ies nUM AmrIkn imSn iv`c bMbw nW dI A`lVH kuVI jo
aus smyN 15 ku swl dI sI psMd AweI[ dlIp isMG ny aus qoN Awpxy
nwl ivAwh krwaux dI jdoN rwey pu`CI qW aus ny jvwb dy id`qw sI[
auh kyvl ArbI jwxdI sI qy AMgryzI nhIN sI smJdI[ pr kuJ smW
ip`CoN bMbw ny mn bdl ilAw Aqy mhwrwjy nUM Xwd kr smW ibqwaux
l`gI[ ie`k vwr dlIp nUM imSnrIAW dw p`qr imilAw ik bMbw qYnUM
ivAwh sMbMDI jvwb dy ky pCqw rhI hY Aqy qyrI Xwd iv`c hr smyN
inrwS rihMdI hY[ ieh bMbeI qoN jWdw hoieAw imsr iv`c iskMdrIAw
ruk igAw[ bMbw nUM ipAwrI, suMdr Aqy cMgy suBwA dI smJ ky aus dy
mwipAW nUM imilAw[ bMbw ies nUM dyK Pu`lI nhIN sI smw rhI[ Agly
idn (7 jUn 1864) mhwrwjw bMbw nUM swdw qy Swndwr rsm leI
brqwnvI s&wrqKwny lY igAw[ auh AwpxI ikqwb iv`c ilKdw hY ik
bMbw Awpxy kwLy vwlW 'c cmk rhIAW sMqrI klIAW nwL bhuq
mnmohxI lgdI sI[ ieh klIAW aus dI ic`tI puSwk nwl suhxw myl
imlw rhIAW sn[ mYN aus dy jwlIdwr burky rwhIN aus dw sohxw
ichrw dyK skdw sI, jdoN aus ny ArbI BwSw 'c swdw ibAwn
piVHAw[
ivAwh dI rsm auprMq AsIN bMbw dy ipqw lufivMg mulr dy Gr
bwkI Dwrimk rsmW leI iek`Ty hoey[ iPr AsIN kuJ idn pqI pqnI
vjoN AlYgjYNfrIAw qoN kuJ mIl dUr gm`lA iv`c rhy[ jdoN bMbw nUM lY
ky mYN ieMglYNf phuMicAw qW lyfI lynw lwgn, ivdyS mMqrwly vwLy Aqy
hor bVy hYrwn hoey[ keI vwr mYN lyfI lwgn nUM T`Ty mKOl krn smyN
kih idMdw sI ik bMbw, kurm dI bytI gOrMmw nwloN ikqy sohxI hY[ Asl
iv`c bMbw dIAW A`KW myrI mW vWg bhuq suMdr sn[ aus dw rMg gulwbI
102
sI Aqy ArbI iv`c bMbw dw Bwv vI gulwbI hI sI[ aus ny myry nwL
cMgI pqnI vWg s`cw ipAwr kIqw[ AsIN AYlvfY~n hwl nUM suMdr
sjw ky cMgw jIvn bqwaux l`gy[ swfy Cy b`cy hoey, iqMn pu`qr ivktr
dlIp isMG, PYRfirk dlIp isMG qy AYfvrf dlIp isMG Aqy iqMn
pu`qrIAW ims bMbw, soPIAw Aqy kYQrIn[
dosq rOnI kr ky dlIp isMG lMfn dIAW keI au~GIAW kl`bW
dw mYNbr bx igAw[ ie`k vwr ies dy dosqW ny ies nUM ivtbweI dI
sIt 'qy cox lVn leI ikhw[ pr dlIp isMG dy kMnI ^br peI ik
milkw-ey-Awizm ny hwaUs-Aw&-kwmnz 'c myry dwKly nUM pRvwngI
nhIN id`qI[ so mYN ieh PYslw iqAwg id`qw[ ie`k vwr mhwrwxI ny
AwiKAw qYnUM swmMq (jwgIrdwr) bxw idMdy hW pr mYN ies nUM psMd nw
kIqw[ kuJ icr ip`CoN ifaUk myry kol AwieAw Aqy PurmwieAw ik
milkw ivktr nUM v`fw swmMq Aqy PYRfirk nUM Cotw swmMq bnwauxw
cwhuMdI hY[ dlIp isMG kihMdw mYN ifaUk nUM sw& sw& d`s id`qw ik BwvyN
AsIN milkw nUM psMd krdy hW pr mYN qy myry pu`qr pihlW is`K hW[
scweI ieh hY ik hux cwplUsI nwL mYnUM mUrK nhIN bxwieAw jw
skdw[
dlIp ilKdw hY ik mYN ipRMsp (Princep) dw 'is`KW dw iliKAw
ieiqhws piVHAw, brqwnvI Ajwieb Gr 'c keI dsqwvyz, &weIlW
Aqy bilXU buks pVHIAW[ mYN auh sB smJ igAw jo myrI mW mYnUM
kihx dI koiSS krdI sI, mYN kyvl rwj Bwg hI nhIN sI gvwieAw
sgoN Awpxw Drm, Awpxy lok, AwpxI jIvn SYlI vI guAw cu`kW sW[
dlIp isMG v`loN AMgryzW dI inAW nIqI bwry

drswauxw
mhwrwjy dy bol sn, "mYN Cy bìcAW dw bwp hW[ mYN ie`k au~cI
hYsIAq vwly ienswn vWg jIivAw ijvyN AMgryzW ny aus nUM isKwieAw
sI[ myrw bwp ihMdusqwn dy SkqISwlI rwijAW 'coN qwkqvr Aqy
DnwF sI[ mYN Syir-ey-pMjwb dw vwirs hW[ mYnUM ieh XkIn krnw
isKwieAw sI ik sB AMgryz, sB eIsweI inrp`K Aqy inAW psMd
huMdy hn[ mYN bhuq sbr nwl qy dlIl pUrvk Awpxy mukdmy sMbMDI kys
103
dI siQ`qI srkwr A`gy spSt kIqI pr iksy ny myrI g`l nw suxI[
mu`K kysW iv`c pihlw kys pYnSn vDwaux sMbMDI sI[ 20 meI
1859 nUM srkwr ny mhwrwjy nUM ie`k p`qr 'c iliKAw sI ik hux Awp
nUM 2.5 l`K rupey swlwnw imilAw krngy jd ik sMDI Anuswr 4 qoN 5
l`K dy dirimAwn swrI aumr pYnSn dyx dw vwAdw sI[ 3 jUn 1859
nUM mhwrwjy ny pùiCAw ik ieh pYnSn mYnUM swrI aumr q`k hI imlygI
jW ies dw kuJ ih`sw myrI aumr q`k hI imlygw[ ies p`qr dy au~qr
iv`c 24 AkqUbr 1859 nUM cwrls vùf ny iliKAw, 2.5 l`K rupey
swlwnw iv`coN 1.5 l`K mhwrwjy nUM ijMdgI Br imlxgy Aqy ie`k l`K
rupeIAw jmHW rhygw ijs dI Awmdn vjoN 30 hjwr rupey swlwnw
mhwrwxI nUM qy ip`CoN mhwrwjy dI AOlwd nUM imlxgy[
mhwrwjw pYnSn dy sMbMD iv`c cwrls vu`f nUM iPr imilAw[ 20
jnvrI 1860 nUM ilKq hoeI 'mYnUM myrI izMdgI q`k 2.5 l`K rupey
swlwnw imldy rihx[ 20 l`K Awbwd hox leI imlx qy aus au~pr
myrI AOlwd dw h`k hovy[ AOLwd nw hox dI hwlq iv`c myrI swrI
jwiedwd ihMdusqwn iv`c lok-BlweI vwsqy ^rc hovy[ pr ies
ilKq sMbMDI srkwr twL-mtol krdI rhI[ AwKIr 26 julweI 1862
nUM srkwr dy sk`qr ny iliKAw ik mhwrwjy nUM 2.5 l`K pYnSn qoN
ielwvw 10 l`K 50 hzwr rupey jwgIr KRIdx leI imlxgy[ ies pYsy
nwL hYdrup Astyt KRIdI geI[ ieM\ gujwry B`qy leI bVw lMbw smW
kys cldw irhw[
dUjI mMg mhwrwjy dI 1857 gdr dy v^q dI sI ijs iv`c
mhwrwjy dw &qih gVH ivKy qkrIbn 2.5 l`K dw smwn luìtAw igAw
sI[ pr ies dy bdly srkwr ny kyvl 30 hzwr rupey dyxy cwhy jo
mhwrwjy ny lYx qoN ienkwr kr id`qy[ aus AwiKAw, "srkwr hI mYnUM
qy myry smwn nUM PqHygVH lY ky geI sI[ myry smwn dI rKvwlI leI
srkwr dI izMmyvwrI sI[ aus dw &rz bxdw hY ik auh mYnUM hoey
nukswn dy pUry pYsy dyvy[
iesy qrHW GrylU jwiedwdW, lwhOr drbwr dy qoSyKwny iv`coN 1849
iv`c 15 l`K rupey dy vycy hIry, jvwhrwq Awid dw ihswb ikqwb
104
dyvy"[ ienHW mMgW sMbMDI mhwrwjy ny tweImz (Times) A^bwr dy
AYfItr nUM 31 Agsq 1882 iv`c ilK ky id`qw Aqy CipAw[ AwKIr
qy bynqI kIqI , "hy nyk idl eIsweI Drm nUM mMnx vwly AMgryzo!
AwpxI kOm dI nyknwmI dw sdkw-ijs kOm dw kudrqI mYNbr hox dw
mYnUM mwx hY, myry nwL iensw& qy KulH idlI vwLw slUk kro, ikauNik
iksy koloN kuJ Koh lYx nwloN, aus nUM kuJ dyxw r`b nUM vDyry BwauNdw hY["
sohx isMG sIql ny AwpxI pusqk 'duKIey mW-pu`q' iv`c ieh
ic`TI hU-b-hU CwpI hY[ auh ilKdy hn ik ieh ic`TI kOm dy nyk
bMidAW swhmxy rihm qy iensw& dI ApIl sI, pr ies dw au~qr
bVy kOVy qy koJy SbdW iv`c 'tweImz' dy AYfItr ny id`qw, ijs ny
mhwrwjy dy idl 'qy s`t mwrI[ pr eIvwns bY~l ny AwpxI ikqwb
"The Annexation of the Punjab and the Maharaja Duleep Singh) 'c
rwey idMidAW ieh mMinAW ik h`k dI mMg krnI vwjb hY, qy aus nUM
iqAwgxw Drm ivru`D hY[.....mhwrwjy nUM h`k hwsl hY, qy auhdw Prz
vI hY ik 1849 dy Aihmdnwmy dIAW SrqW Anuswr auh Awpxy qy
AwpxI AOlwd Aqy h`kdwrW-ijnHW v`loN aus ny dsq^q kIqy sn dy
lwB leI lVy (dwAvw kry)[
iesy qrHW krnl mYlIsn AwpxI ikqwb 'Decisive Battles of
India' iv`c pMnw 397 'qy ilKdw hY, "1846 dw Aihdnwmw drswauNdw
hY ik mhwrwjy dy 16 swl dw hox q`k AMgryzI srkwr ny Awpxy ^ws
A&srW nUM is`K rwj dy hr mihkmy iv`c hr qrHW dy AKiqAwr sONp
id`qy hn[ ieh Aihdnwmw ij`Qy AMgryzI srkwr nUM pMjwb iv`c Amn
bhwlI leI izMmv y wr bxwauNdw sI, au~Qy mhwrwjy dI rKvwlI qy srpRsqI
dI g`l drswauNdw sI[.... aus inrdoS bwlk, aus Coty mhwrwjw,
ijs dy h`kW dy AsIN rKvwly sW, aus dlIp isMG vwsqy aus dI pdvI
dy Anuswr swnUM aus dy guzwry dw prbMD zrUr krnw cwhIdw sI[ jy
ieh mMn ilAw jwvy ik AsIN aus dw rwj Koh lYx iv`c cMgw kIqw hY
qW auhdIAW GrogI jwgIrW AsIN iks inAW nwl jbq kIqIAW[
ieh svwl hY, ijs nwl mulk dI iezq dw sMbMD hY[ aus dI ieh mMg
s`cI hY ik kI rwj Koh lYx 'qy sdw rihx vwlI GrogI jwiedwd zbq
kr lYx dy bdly iv`c ie`k AsiQr jIvn q`k pYnSn dy dyxI kw&I hY[
105
jdoN tweImz dy AYfItr ny mhwrwjy dIAW mMgW pRqI ivroDqw
kIqI Aqy srkwr ny nyk nIqI, audwrqw qy inAW vl koeI iDAwn nw
id`qw qW mhwrwjw bybsI qy gu`sy dw iSkwr ho bwgI surW Alwpxw l`g
ipAw[ auh ieMglYNf nUM C`f ihMdusqwn iv`c rihx leI socx l`g
ipAw[ aus nUM ijMdW mW dy khy Sbd Xwd Awaux l`gy[ Sbd sn "myry
lwl, mYN auh idn dyKx leI Swied ijauNdI nw rhW pr jd shI vkq
AwieAw, hwlwq Awpxy Awp ieho ijhy bx jwxgy ik qYnUM AwpxI
mrzI dy iKlw& ieMglYNf C`fx leI mzbUr hoxw pvygw"[
dlIp isMG ny KMfy-bwty dI phul Ckxw

jdoN mhwrwjw dlIp isMG Aqy mhwrwxI ijMdW 1861 iv`c 13
swl ip`CoN kl`kqy imly sn qW mW ny dlIp dy isr 'qy kys nw mihsUs
kr ky bhuq pScwqwp kIqw sI[ ijMdW ny dlIp nUM smJwieAw-pu`qr
ijs gurU nwnk dyv jI dI bKSI is`KI ^wqr pMjvyN gurU Arjn dyv jI
ny, gurU qyg bhwdr jI ny ShwdqW dy id`qIAW, gurU goibMd isMG jI ny
srbMs vwr id`qw Aqy Axigxq isMGW ny kurbwnIAW id`qIAW Aqy
dyeI jw rhy hn qUM is`KI iqAwg ky v`fw gunwh kIqw hY[ qyry ipqw nUM
is`K rwj siqgurU dI ikRpw sdkw pRwpq hoieAw sI[ qW dlIp ny
ikhw sI, "mW myrw Drm prIvrqn myrI AxBolqw iv`c hoieAw["
ausy qrHW qIjI nsIhq jo ijMdW ny Awpxy lwl nUM id`qI auh sI-
pu`qr iPrMgI dy A`gy kdy hwr nw mMnI BwvyN qUM ikMnw vI AOKw ikauN nw
hovyN[ AimRqpwn krn auprMq siqgurW dI id`qI isìKAw ik gurU dw
is`K isdkI huMdw hY[ is`K 'qy isdk kdy v`K nhIN kIqy jw skdy[
sicAwr guris`K dI zmIr qS`dd A`gy nhIN JukdI[ auh qW SmSIr
dI inAweIN ho kOm dI qsvIr Aqy qkdIr bxwauNdI hY[ ieh SkqI
gur SbdW 'coN aupjdI hY ikauNik gurU Sbd 'c pRBU vsdw hY[ is`KI dw
mUL gurbwxI hY[ ieh bwxI mwno swx rUp ho ky idl qy idmwg nUM iq`Kw
Aqy Awpxy PrzW pRqI idRV krw idMdI hY[
brqwnIAW srkwr ny mhwrwjy nUM ihMdusqwn jwx qoN rokx leI
pihlW 44 hzwr pONf shwieqw vjoN dyx leI burkI pweI[ mhwrwjy
106
ny mW dy bolW nUM mu`K rìKAw, loB nUM pry vgwh mwirAw Aqy srkwrI
Dn lYx qoN nWh kr id`qI[ ros vjoN mhwrwjy ny pYnSn lYxI vI bMd kr
id`qI[ aus smyN aus ny srkwr nUM sw& sw& kih id`qw ik hux iksy
iksm dI cwplUsI jW lwlc dy ky mYnUM mUrK nhIN bxwieAw jw skdw[
qusIN myry rKvwly sI[ s`cw su`cw rKvwlw Awpxy pu`qr dIAW jVHW nhIN
v`Fdw[ ibgwnw hI ieh kMm krdw hY[ hux mYN gurU dw is`K bx igAw
hW[ hux mYnUM quhwfI dOlq dI koeI pRvwh nhIN Aqy nw hI ieMglYNf 'c
AwpxI hYsIAq Aqy sMpqI dI[ qusIN ibnw vwrMt mYnUM igRPqwr kr
ky Adn 'c rok ilAw[ myry 'qy bwgI, ienklwbI Aqy gdwr hox dIAW
qUhmqW lw rhy hoN[ hux mYN Awpxy dwAvy C`fx leI iksy kwgz 'qy
dsq^q nhIN krWgw[ mYN Awpxy vqn prqx leI idRV hW[ myrw
ierwdw hux pihlW nwloN bhuq mzbUq hY[ jykr ihMdusqwnI sihzwdy
isMDIAw, hOlkr qy hYdrwbwd dy inzwm vrgy ihMdusqwn 'c AwpxI
mrzI Anuswr KulyH Awm GuMm iPr skdy hn qW myry 'qy pwbMdI ikauN
lgw rhy hoN? hor qW hor myry 'qy srkwr ny Awpxy sMbMDIAW Aqy pMQk
sKSIAqW nwL p`qr ivhwr krn 'qy vI rok lw r`KI hY[
mhwrwjy ny vwiesrwey lwrf fbirn nUM qwr dOrwn ieh AwiKAw,
“mYN Ajy vI jo qusIN cwhuMdy ho krn leI iqAwr hW, pr qusIN mYnUM
ihMdusqwn jwx qoN nw rooko[“vwiesrwey ny au~qr id`qw, “qyry leI
swrw XUrp KulHw ipAw hY, jykr cwhyN qW Adn iv`c vI rih skdw hYN"
Bwv auh mYnUM ihMdusqwn AMdr vVn dyxw nhIN sI cwhuMdw[
jdoN mhwrwjy ny dyiKAw ik hux pwxI pulW au~qoN dI lMGx l`gw
hY qW aus ny Adn qoN PrWs vl nUM mUMh kIqw[ PrWs dy v`fy vzIr nUM
bynqI kIqI ik mYnMU ihMds
u qwn iv`c pWfIcrI phuc
M w idau pr brqwnIAW
srkwr dw p`K pUrdy hoey aus ny hW nw BrI[ aus auprMq dlIp isMG
jrmn pu`jw[ au~Qy pwsport Aqy swrw swmwn corI hox kwrn v`fI
smìsAw KVHI ho geI[ brln (jrmn) qoN Awpxw nwm qy sB hwlwq
ilK ky mwsko (rUs) dy 'mwsko gzt' AYfItr nUM Byjy[ aus ny mhwrwjy
dw mwsko phuMcx dw pRbMD kr id`qw[ ApRYl 1887 iv`c dlIp isMG
mwsko phuMc igAw[ hux mhwrwjy dy mn iv`c AMgryzW pRqI iGRxw pYdw
ho geI[ auh bdlw lYx dI Bwvnw dy rONA iv`c sI[ rUs qoN mhwrwjy
107
ny ie`k p`qr lyfI lwgn nUM iliKAw ikauNik lwgn (mhwrwjy dw
rYzIfYNt) qW mr cu`kw sI[
p`qr iv`c mhwrwjy ny iliKAw-ieh bVI hwso-hIxI g`l hovygI,
jy mYN Awpxy Awp v`loN 'myrI ipAwrI lyfI lwgn' kih ky Awp nUM
sMboDn krW jW Awpxy Awp nUM Awp dw AwigAwkwr[ kih ky ilKW'[
AY lyfI! aus dlIp nUM Bu`l jw, ijs nUM qUM kdy jwxdI sI ikauNik hux
auh mr cu`kw hY, qy aus dI QW koeI hor ijauNdw hY[ jy ikDry qyrw koeI
irSqydwr vI mYdwny-jMg iv`c myry swmHxy Aw jwvy qW mYN aus nUM golI
nwL aufw idAwgW, ijvyN iksy hor AMgryz nUM[ sRI mqI jI! pYsy dI
pUrqI bdly mYN Awpxw svYmwn kurbwn nhIN kr skdw[ mYN do byVIAW
'qy pYr Dr ky nhIN Klo skdw[ A`j qoN mYN quhwfy nwL hr qrHW dw p`qr
ivhwr bMd kr irhw hW (Lady Login's Recollection, Page 264)[eysy
qrHW mhwrwjy ny Awpxy im`qr krnl boielIaU (Colonel Boileau) nUM
p`qr iliKAw[
myry bhwdr krnl Swied mYN qy qusIN mYdwny-jMg iv`c imlIey'
ikauNik ies AxhoxI 'qy hox dI Aws lgdI hY[ ivcwrw jOhn lwgn,
jy auh hux ijMdw ho jwvy, qW myrw iKAwl hY, auh Agly pl iv`c kbr
AMdr hovygw[.....Awh! ikauNik ie`k kdm XUrp-Xu`D ......kI qusIN
ies g`l 'qy Brosw kroNgy ik mYN AwpxI CotI ijhI &Oj BrqI kr ky
ihMdusqwn jw irhw hW, kI myry vwsqy ie`k buJwrq nhIN? myrIAW Su`B
ieCwvW, jo qusIN ie`k AxKI bwgI koloN svIkwr kro (Lady Login's
Recollection, Page 265)[
dlIp isMG dy ieh Sbd sux ky milkw-ey-Awzm nUM ieh ^br
qyzI nwL phuMc geI ik auh rUsIAW kol jw irhw sI[ ijhVw p`qr
aus ny mYnUM ByijAw auh moh qoN s`Kxw nhIN sI[ aus ny p`qr iv`c auhnW
idnW dI g`l CyVI jd mYN suMdr qy AwkrSk lVkw sW Aqy ieMglYNf
'c myrI jIvn SYlI swry BwrqI SihzwidAW leI ie`k nmUnw sI[
p`qr dy au~qr iv`c....mYN aus nUM ikhw, "auh myry pRqI idAwlU rhI sI
Aqy ieh g`l mYN AwpxI mOq q`k Xwd r`KWgw[ pr hux mYN mwx m`qy
is`K vjoN JukWgw nhIN Aqy krmW dy sB isìtAW dw izMmyvwr hovWgw
(jlwvqnI pMnw 250)[
108
AYsI huMdI hY ie`k AxKI, suGV Aqy sUJvwn mW dI s`cy mn nwL
byty nUM id`qI nsIhq[ SwbwSy mhwrwjy dy ijs ny du`KVy JlidAW vI
AwpxI mW dy bolW nUM AMq q`k inBwieAw[ rUs 'c bYiTAW nUM hI
mhwrwjy nUM ^br imlI ik mhwrwxI bMbw mUlr clwxw kr geI hY[ aus
dI mOq sux mhwrwjy dy idl 'qy gihrI s`t v`jI[ sMn 1887 iv`c hI
dlIp isMG nUM Awpxy ccyry Brw Twkr isMG sMDwvwlIAw ijhVw aus
dw pUrw smrQk sI dI mOq dw gihrw gm hoieAw[ auDroN rUs dy
bwdSwh ny vI m`dd dw Brosw nw id`qw[
cOOQI nsIhq ijMdW dI sI, pMjwb dI prjw nUM jgwaux dI qWik
iPrMgI dI gulwmI qoN Cutkwrw pwieAw jw sky[ AMimRq Ckx auprMq
mhrwjy ny srdwr ArUV isMG nUM ikhw, "qusIN Awm AwdmI vWg pMjwb
jwau, pMjwbIAW iv`c ivcro Aqy ieh sMdyS Gro Gr phuMcw idau ik hux
qusIN Awpxy AwgU qoN vWJy nhIN hoN[ Awpxy smr`QkW dw pqw lgwau
Aqy dyKo kOx kOx ivroD krn vwly hn[
Agsq 1887 iv`c dlIp isMG ny pMjwbIAW nUM 'Awpxw mws qy
lhU' smJidAW hoieAW ihMdusqwn dy AKbwrW iv`c Awpxw lyK vI
CpvwieAw[ ies lyK dy Sbd sn, "myry ipAwry pMjwbIE! igAwrW
swl dI aumr iv`c AMgryzW ny mYQoN pMjwb Koh ilAw, qy D`ky nwL
Aihdnwmy au~qy dsqKq krwey[ hux mYnUM auh Aihdnwmw prvwn
nhIN[ mYN suqMqr bwdSwh vWg rUs dIAW &OjW dI m`dd nwL Awpxw
rwj vwps hwsl krn vwsqy ihMdusqwn Awaux vwLw hW[ myrI ApIl
hY ik hr ihMdusqwnI ie`k pYsw qy pMjwbI ie`k Awnw pRqI mhInw myry
leI PMf iv`c jmHw kry[ Twkr isMG ny vI mhwrwjy dy pMjwb phuMcx
dI ^br phuMcw id`qI sI[ pMjwb dI prjw qW dlIp isMG dy drSnW
leI bVI auqwvlI sI pr ihMdusqwn dy rwijAW ny mhwrwjy dI ApIl
vl koeI iDAwn nw id`qw ikauNik sB iPrMgI dI kTpu`qlI sn[ ieh
rwjy qW mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dy nwL vI nhIN juVy sn[ PrWs Aqy
rUs v`loN vI koeI m`dd nw imlI[ Awpxy v`loN dlIp isMG ny pMjwb dw
rwj hwsl krn leI bVI ihMmq qy B`j-dOV kIqI, pr iksmq ny
swQ nw id`qw[ gurU swihb dy vI mhW bol hn:
109
ibn krmw ikCu pweIAY nwhI jy bhuqyrw Dwvy]
jIvn 'c kuJ pRwpq krn leI hOslw kr ky kdm A`gy nUM pu`txw
pYNdw hY[ pRwpqI dy rsqy iv`c AnykW AOkVW J`lxIAW pYNdIAW hn[
pRwpqI nw huMdI dyK ky keI vwr audwsI dw Awlm BwrU ho jWdw hY[
mMizl 'qy nw phuMc skx dw BYA vI mn iv`c KOrU pwauNdw hY[ mhwrwjy
dI hwlq vI aus smyN AYsI hI sI[ bMdy dy jIvn iv`c ij`q-hwr huMdI
hY pr idl vwly ienswn kdy hwr nUM hwr nhIN mMndy[ kvI hrIbMs rwey
bcn dy bol hn:
koiSS krn vwloN kI kBI hwr nhIN hoqI[
lihroN sy fr kr kBI nOkw pwr nhIN hoqI[
nMnI cItI jb dwnw lykr clqI hY
cVHqI hY dIvwroN pr sO vwr iPslqI hY
mn kw ivSvwS rgoN myN swhs Brqw hY
cVH kr igrnw, igr kr cVHnw nw A~Krqw hY
AwiKr aus kI imhnq bykwr nhIN hoqI[
koiSS krn vwloN kI kBI hwr nhIN hoqI[
mhwrwjw BwvyN dubwrw is`K rwj dw q^qo qwj hwsl nhIN kr

sikAw pr pMjwbIAW nUM ies imhnq sdkw, iPrMgI nUM dyS 'coN k`Fx
leI pRyrnw dy igAw[ AwKIr 95 pRqISq pMjwbIAW ny AwpxIAW
kurbwnIAW dy ky i&rMgI nUM ihMdusqwn 'coN Bjw id`qw[
pMjvIN nsIhq jo ijMdW ny dlIp nUM id`qI auh sI, myry ipAwry
Aqy dulwry lwl, iPrMgI ny gdwrW dI m`dd nwL BwvyN is`K rwj 'qy
kbzw kr ilAw pr qyry ipqw dI j`dI jwiedwd 'qy qyrw h`k hY auh
kwnUn
M I qOr qy srkwr hV`p nhIN skdI[ mW dI pRr y nw nUM mùK r`K dlIp
isMG ny sMDI dIAW SrqW nUM bwr-bwr pVH ky ieh q`Q kìFAw ik ies
rwhIN kyvl is`K rwj vwlI jwiedwd hI zbq nhIN kIqI geI sI nw
ik myrIAW in`jI jwgIrW[ myry vkIlW ny pMjwb dy zmInI irkwrf nUM
GoKx leI ie`k pRqIinD (Agent) ByijAw sI[ aus Anuswr gujrWvwlw
dy 61, gujrwq 'c 10, jyhlm 'c 55 Aqy isAwlkot dy 18 ipMf in`jI
qOr 'qy myry nW 'qy sn[ ies qoN ielwvw ipMf dwdur KW dIAW lUx dIAW
110
KwxW qy r`b jwxy hor iknw kuJ [ ie`klw lUx dIAW KwxW dw mwmlw
lg pg 45000 pONf swlwnw hY (jlvqnI pMnw 208)[
bIbI jI (ijMd kOr) ny spSt qOr qy mYnUM dìsAw sI ik swry
jyvrwq, koihnUr hIrw, jMg dy hiQAwr myry ipqw dw mKOtw qy sony dI
kursI sB j`dI hn[ ienHW kuJ jyvrwq qy hiQAwr Awpxy sYinkW nUM
ienwm vjoN vMf id`qy[ sYinkW nUM KuS krn leI jMg iv`c duSmx dIAW
KohIAW cIzW qW id`qIAW, mYN koeI ienHW dw duSmx nhIN sI[ mYN
virHAW qoN kcihrIAW iv`c ienHW dI pRwpqI leI D`ky Kw irhw hW[ jy
trWsvwl boierz nUM vwps id`qw jw skdw hY qW myrw rwj Bwg ikauN
nhI? G`to G`t myrIAW in`jI jwgIrW hI mYnUM dy dyx qWik mYN cYn nwl
jIvn bqIq kr skW[ scweI myry v`l sI pr iensw& nhIN[
mYN prmwqmw A`gy bynqI krdw hW ik ies KulH-idl Awpxy
Awp nUM iensw& dyx vwly bMidAW dy mulk AMdr G`to G`t ie`k
pqvMqw, iensw& psMd, nyk AMgRyz qW inkly jo pwrlImYNt iv`c myry
h`k 'c boly[ nhIN qW jd myrw lu`tx vwlw srpRsq, j`j, vkIl qy
ijaUrI AMgRyz kOm Awp hI hY, qW mYnUM iensw& dI Aws kI ho skdI
hY? gurbwxI dy bol hn:
ieh iviQAw pVH ky s`cy su`cy ienswn dy klyjy 'c fob pYNdy hn[
auh dlIp isMG DMn sI ijs ny ieh sB kuJ shwirAw[ rUs qoN inrwS
ho mhwrwjw PrWs (France) Aw igAw[ AYfw nW dI kuVI dlIp isMG
nUM lMfn dy hotl iv`c pihlW imlI sI[ auh bVI ipAwrI, koml
suBwA vwlI Aqy moh 'c rMgI hoeI bwlVI sI[ iPr auh dlIp isMG
dy PrWs iv`c hox kr ky au~Qy phuMc geI[ Awps iv`c ipAwr hox kr
ky mhwrwjy ny AYfw. fI. hYdirl nwL 20 meI 1889 nUM SwdI krw
leI[ ies SwdI auprMq AYfw dy do bytIAW pwiln Aqy eIrIn
hoeIAW[
kuJ smyN bwAd dlIp isMG ieMglYNf cilAw igAw[ bìcAW dw
moh aus nUM ie`Qy iK`c ilAwieAw[ AYlvyfn vwly Gr 'c bMbw nUM nw dyK
111
ichry qy audwsI sI[ aus leI ieQy phuMcx dw mksd ieh vI sI ik
aus dI AYfw nwL SwdI kwnUMnI mMnI jwvy Aqy myry mrn auprMq bìcAW
nUM pYnSn bhwl ho sky[ ies qoN ielwvw mhwrwjw bMbw dI kbr 'qy aus
dI Xwd iv`c jwxw cwhuMdw sI ijhVI AYlvy~fn dy pws hI sI[
AwiKr nUM dlIp isMG iPr PrWs phuMc igAw[ BwvyN auh kihMdw
sI ik mYN bùFw nhIN hW, myrw hOslw vI bulMd hY pr ibmwrI kwrn srIr
kw&I kmzor ho cu`kw sI[ bìcAW ny aus 'qy zor pwieAw ik ipqw jI
qusIN ieMglYNf rho[ dlIp isMG ny au~qr iv`c AwiKAw, "mYN ieQy
mrnw nhIN cwhuMdw[ ieh dyS myrw v`fw duSmx hY[ mhwrwjy ny AwpxI
vsIAq 'c ieh iliKAw sI ik ij`Qy myrI mOq hovy au~Qy hI dPnw id`qw
jwvy qy ieM\ lgdw hY, mOq pYirs iv`c hI hovygI[ myry jnwjy nUM ijMnw
ho sky swdw qy ssqw r`Kxw[ AwÎr 23 AkqUbr 1893 nUM mOq qy
jIvn nwL Gol krdw Syir-ey-pMjwb mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG Aqy
mhwrwxI ijMd kOr dw lwl pYrs dy grYNf hotl (Grand Hotel) iv`c
clwxw kr igAw[ hotl vwilAW ny mhwrwjy dI mOq bwry brqwnvI
dUq Gr nUM ^br dy id`qI[ dUq Gr vwilAW ny mhwrwxI ivktorIAw
nUM sUicq kIqw[ aus ny ivktr nUM aus dy ipqw dI mOq bwry dìsAw[
ivktr, AYfw, PrYfI….pYirs phuMc gey[ mhwrwjy dy srIr kol Pu`lW
dy guldsqy, puSp mwlwvW Awid ByNt kIqIAW[ BwvyN mhwrwjy ny ikhw sI
ik ij`Qy myrI mOq hovy mYnMU au~Qy hI dPnw dyxw pr aunWH dy v`fy puq
` r ny ikhw,
“ipqw jI nUM , AYlvyfn ` mhwrwxI bMbw dy pws hI dPnwauxw hY[ dlIp
isMG dI imRqk dyh nUM pihlW ikSqI iv`c itkw pwxIAW qoN pwr kIqw Aqy
iPr ryl g`fI rwhIN QYtPorf iljwieAw igAw[ AMiqm ikirAw smyN
mhwrwjy nUM jwnx vwLy lok lMfn qoN Awey[ prvwr dy mYNbr, mlkw
ivktorIAw dI numwieMdgI krdy v`K v`K bMd,y ipRs M Aw& vylz (jo bwdSwh
AYfvrf s`qvW bixAW), PrWs dw v`fw vzIr Awid mhwrwjy nUM AMiqm
ivdwiegI kihx Awey[ aus smyN dlIp isMG dw srIr Pul ` W nwL lìdAw
hoieAw sI[ ieM\ 29 AkqUbr 1893 nUM AYlvyfn ` mihl dy nzdIk vwly
kbrsqwn iv`c mhwrwjy nUM d&nwieAw igAw[
dws vI 2006 iv`c AwpxI pqnI smyq vIr gurdrSn isMG
syKNo nwL dlIp isMG dI Xwdgwr dyKx igAw[ ies igrjy dy kbrsqwn
112
iv`c mhwrwjw dlIp isMG, mhwrwxI bMbw mUlr Aqy Coty pùqr AYfvrf
dIAW, iqMn kbrW lwgy lwgy hn[ iksy ny ienHW qy kuJ idn pihlW
Pu`l cVHwey hoey sn[ ieQy phuMc ky mhwrwjy qy mhwrwxI dI Xwd swnMU
vI qwzw ho geI[
mhwrwjy dI bMs drswauNdI hY ik dlIp isMG dy A`T b`cy (3 byty
5 bytIAW) sn pr hYrwnI dI g`l jW r`bI Bwxy Anuswr A`goN iksy dy
vI AOlwd nhIN hoeI[ nvqyj srnw ny Awpxy nwvl 'jlwvqnI' dI
AMiqkw iv`c iliKAw hY, “Swied ieh vI DuroN ilKI hoeI sI jW ies
iv`c vI koeI swmrwjI h`Q sI[ AwiKrkwr, ieh g`l jwxI-pCwxI hY
ik mhwrwxI ivktorIAw ny ivktr (dlIp isMG dy v`fy pu`qr dI
mhwrwxI) dI pqnI nUM hukm id`qw ik auh kdy b`cy nw jxy[ Swied
swfy pMjwb nUM jlwvqny mhwrwjw dI isrP Xwd hI nsIb hoxI sI”[
ies qrHW Syir-ey-pMjwb mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG Aqy mhwrwxI
ijMdW dy spu`qr mhwrwjw dlIp isMG dy prvwr dw bVw hI AxoKw Aqy
ihrdyvyDk AMq hoieAw[ pr prvwr dy kIqy mhwn kwrnwimAW sdkw
A`j vI hr pMjwbI dy mn AMdr aunHW dI Xwd qwzw hY Aqy aunHW dy nW
roSn munwry vWgUM cmk rhy hn[ A`j dy pdwrQvwdI Xu`g AMdr ijMdW
vrgIAW mwvW dI zrUrq hY ijhVIAW Awpxy DIAW pu`qrW nUM mhwn
is`KI ivrsy bwry nsIhq dyx qWik aunHW dw jIvn s&l ho jwvy[
113
AiDAwie 7
swrMS
is`KI AMdr AOrq dw ruqbw bVw mhwn hY[ iksy vI smwj dI
vf`qxqw mwpx dw sB qoN shI pYmwnw isAwixAW ny AOrq nUM igixAw
hY[ jy koeI buJwrq pw ky puC
` y ik dunIAW AMdr auh ikhVI cIz hY, ijs
iv`c kmwl dIAW cub M kI SkqIAW hn jo hr ie`k nUM Awpxy v`l iK`c vI
pwauNdI hY Aqy rMg iv`c vI rMg lYNdI hY qW sihjy hI jvwb imlygw,
AOrq[ AOrq Gr dI Awn, Swn Aqy jwn hud M I hY[ pr ieh zrUrI hY
ik sw& BWfy dI qrHW aus dw ihrdw sw&, isrVI Aqy blvwn hov[ y
ieh gwQw drswauNdI hY ik mhwrwxI ijMd kOr (ijMdW) is`K kOm
AMdr ie`k bhuq hI AlOikk Aqy AlbylI mUrq qy sUrq vwlI
sKSIAq hoeI hY[ ies ny Awpxy Amol, Afol Aqy AxK Bry guxW
sdkw is`K rwj nUM bcwaux leI Aqy iPrMgI nUM pMjwb 'coN Bjwaux leI
ienklwbI Awvwz bulMd kIqI qy duKVy shwry pr gdwrW ny ies dIAW
ieCwvW 'qy pwxI Pyr id`qw[
AMgryzI hkUmq ijs dw aus smyN qkrIbn swrI dunIAW 'qy
rwj sI Aqy Awpxy Awp nUM bVI SkqISwlI khwauNdI sI[ mhwrwxI
ny aus nUM AMqly swhW q`k hI nhIN blik mOq auprMq vI v^q pweI
rìKAw[ iesy kr ky lwrf flhOzI vrgy mMny-prmMny vwiesrwey ny
ijMdW bwry iliKAw, " ieh bVI iq`KI Aqy fUMGI soc vwlI hY, ies nUM
pMjwb 'c r`Kxw AMgryzW leI ^qrnwk hovgy w"[ ifaUk Aw& vwilMgtn
dy Sbd sn, "bwlk dlIp isMG dI mW mrdW vwLI dlyrI rKdI hY"[
mhwrwxI dI cmqkwrI soc bwry lyfI lwgn ny vI iliKAw ik
myry swmHxy ijMdW auh AOrq sI ijhVI kdy is`K rwj dI Awqmw igxI
jWdI sI[ aus dy husn, isAwxp, rwjsI kwrnwimAW qy Awqimk
bl dIAW khwxIAW jgq pRis`D hn[ aus ny swfI swlW b`DI dlIp
nUM id`qI isìKAw 'qy plW iv`c hUMJw Pyr id`qw[ aus ny Awpxy svYmwn
nUM sdw leI kwiem rìKAw"[
114
hYnrI lwrMs jo ijMdW dw p`kw ivroDI sI ny vI ie`k ibAwn 'c
AwiKAw ik mhwrwxI ies mulk (pMjwb) iv`c swfI nIqI dI v`fI
duSmx hY Aqy bVy idRV ierwdy vwlI hY[ aus ny hr g`loN myrw ivroD
kIqw[ pr du`K dI g`l ieh hY ik swfy hI keI ieiqhwskwrW ny
mhwrwxI nUM bysmJ, rwjnIqI qoN hIxI, glq &Ysly lYx vwlI Aqy
A`KV znwnI ibAwinAw hY[ keIAW ny ies nUM hiqAwrI q`k ilK
id`qw ik ies ny Awpxy Brw jvwhr isMG dy sskwr smyN kuJ znwnIAW
nUM aus nwL sqI hox leI zor pwieAw[ jo Awpxy pqI nwL sqI nhIN
hoeI auh dUijAW 'qy AYsw dbwA ikvyN pw skdI hY? ieh g`l mhwrwxI
dy ivroDI fogirAW ny ijnHW gdwrI dw isrw kr id`qw sI, &YlweI[
sohx isMG sIql Anuswr keI ieiqhwskwr Swh muhMmd dw jMgnwmw
pVH ky ilKI jWdy hn ik ijMdW ny Awpxy Brw dw bdlw lYx leI is`K
rwj dw q^qw pltwieAw[ AKy mhwrwxI ny bwrUd dI QW &Oj nUM sroHN
Byj id`qI[ Asl iv`c ieh gdwr gulwb isMG dI BYVI krqUq sI[
aus smyN dy qyjw isMG, lwl isMG vrgy lUx hrwmIAW ny, jo is`K &Oj
dy mu`KI sn, mhwrwxI nUM bdnwm krn leI ^brW &YlweIAW Aqy sux
suxw ky Swh muhMmd ny ilK id`qw[ ipAwrw isMG pdm vI ilKdy hn
ik ieh sB fogirAW dw pRwpygMfw sI[ kI rwxI ijMdW ieh nhIN sI
jwxdI ik is`K &Oj dI qbwhI dw ArQ aus dy pu`qr mhwrwjw dlIp
isMG dy rwj dI qbwhI hY? qy aus dI AwpxI qbwhI hY? A`j vI AwpW
dyK rhy hW ik smyN dIAW srkwrW dy rwjnIqk bMdy Awpxy ivroDIAW
'qy ic`kV ikvyN su`tdy hn? v`K v`K sMcwr swDn vI srkwrW dw hI p`K
pUrdy hn ikauNik aunHW dy isr 'qy hI pldy qy c`ldy hn[
pr ijnHW ilKwrIAW dy AMdr kOmI ipAwr hY, Drm nwL sWJ hY
Aqy AslIAq 'qy pihrw dyx vwly hn aunHW ny mhwrwxI dI soc, aus
v`loN J`ly duKVy Aqy kIqy kwrnwimAW nUM q`k ky bhuq vifAwieAw hY[
nvqyj srnw ilKdy hn ik ijMdW dI Awvwz bVI kVkvIN Aqy murdy
idlW 'c jwn pwaux vwLI sI[ aus dI soc bVI AwdrSk Aqy
AwkrSk sI[ aus dIAW A`KW dy qyj Aqy m`Qy 'qy nUr sdkw hr koeI
srdwr aus A`gy Jukdw sI[
115
hrcMd isMG bwgVI ny AwpxI kwiv rcnw 'pMjwb dI AxK-
mhwrwxI ijMdW' iv`c mhwrwxI nUM ieM\ slwihAw hY:
mhwrwxI sI DMn loko,
dlyr b`cI auh AxK pMjwb dI sI[
sUJvwn, isAwxI qy sw&-swaU,
dUr-AMdyS auh byihswb dI sI[
rxjIq isMG dI mihbUbw qy mhwrwxI,
totw cMn dw p`qI gulwb dI sI[
hrcMd isMGw hnyirAW sMG jUJI,
auh qy bx ky ikrn mqwb dI sI[
Professor Nicky Gurinder Kaur Singh, Colby College, Maine

U.S. says, "Jindan was remarkable in how she discarded Sati and
Pardah dominant at that time, and led the courts, had meeting with
chief minister and armies.
Bwv pRo&Ysr in`kI guirMdr kOr isMG jo XUnweItf styt mYnI dy
kolbI kwlj iv`c pVHwauNdI hY ny AwiKAw, "ijMdW bVI AlOikk sI
ijs ny sqI Aqy prdy dIAW rsmW ijhVIAW aunHW idnW iv`c pRc`lq
sn nUM pCwiVAw[ aus ny kcihrI lgweI, cI& minstr Aqy &OjdwrW
nwl mIitMgW kr ky glbwq kIqI[
hrpRIq kOr gryvwl ny 4 AkqUbr 2015 nUM 'gwrfIAn' AKbwr
jo lMfn iv`c Cpdw hY iv`c lyK rwhIN imcl isMG kYloPornIAW v`loN
bxweI iPlm 'Rebel Queen-A Thorn in the Crown' (bwgI mhwrwxI
qwj iv`c ie`k kMfw) sMbMDI jwxkwrI id`qI[ aus ny AMikq kIqw,
"mhwrwxI ijMdW bVI inDVk qy ijgry vwlI sI ijs ny iPrMgI ivrùD
jUJ rhIAW is`K &OjW nUM h`lw SyrI id`qI[ aus dI duKWq BrI khwxI
nOjvwn iesqrIAW iv`c nvIN rUh Brn vwlI Aqy jIvn syD dyx vwlI
hY[ aus ny ieh vI iliKAw ik Bwrq AMdr pusqkW iv`c JWsI dI
rwxI lkSmI BweI bwry qW kwPI kuJ drz hY pr mhwrwxI ijMdW nUM
pUrn qOr 'qy A`KoN proKy kIqw igAw hY[ ihMdusqwn dI ies AwKrI
mhwrwxI dw ivSwl is`K rwj sqluj dy iknwirAW qoN d`rw KYbr q`k
116
PYilAw hoieAw sI[" ieh iPlm sB qoN pihlW inaUXwrk dy AMqr
rwStrI iPlm auqsv iv`c idKweI geI sI[ srdwr iv`kI isMG ny
ies nUM bnwaux leI 25000 XU. AY~s.ey. fwlr (15,500 pONf) id`qy
sn[ aus dy vI Sbd hn ik mhwrwxI ijMdW iensw& Kwqr Aqy is`K
rwj dI bhwlI dy GoL AMdr ie`k qyj`svI Aqy bhwdrI dw icMnH hY[
ikRstI kYNpbYl ny mhwrwjw dlIp isMG dy sMbMD 'c ilKI pusqk
(Chirsty Compbell, Author of the Maharaja's Box -An Imperial '
Story of Conspiracy, Love and Guru's Prothecy) iv`c ijMdW bwry
ieM\ ibAwinAw:
Jindan was one of the most remarkable character of 19th
century history.... British regarded her as an serious obstackle to
British rule in India. They launched a smear compaign to discredit
her, painting her the Messalina of the Punjab, a seductress too
rebellions to be controlled.
Bwv mhwrwxI ijMdW aunIvIN sdI iv`c ihMds
u qwn jW is`K ieiqhws
dI ie`k bhuq au~GI s^SIAq sI[ brqwnvI srkwr ihMdusqwn
AMdr c`l rhy Awpxy rwj Bwg leI ies nUM ivSyS AiVkw pwaux vwlI
smJdI sI[ ies leI aus ny ies nUM bdnwm krn dI muihMm AwrMBI[
ies nUM klMikq krn leI pMjwb dI msIhw, Cl-bL vwLI, ivdrohI
grdwinAW Aqy brqwnIAW srkwr ny ies nUM n`Q pw ky r`Kx leI
AwiKAw[
pItr bYNs ny 2009 iv`c mhwrwjw dlIp isMG sMbMDI ikqwb,
"Sovereign, Squire and Rebel: Maharaja Daleep Singh and the Heirs
of a Lost Kingdom" "Jindan was a thorn in the side of the East India
Company would be an under statement. She had kept the British at
bay for decades. Moreover, she was instrumental in organising Sikh
resistance to the British in first and second Anglo-Sikh wars. A frail
looking women, who was nearly blind, was no longer a force to be
reckoned. But she reminded her son of who he was and where his
kingdom really lay."
117
Bwv ijMdW pRqI kyvl ieh kih dyxw ik auh eIst ieMfIAw
kMpnI leI ie`k kMfy dI inAWeI sI, ibAwn pUrw Fu`kvW nhIN[ aus
ny qW iPrMgI nUM keI dhwky Gbrwht 'c pweI rìKAw[ aus ny pihlI
Aqy dUjI AYNglo-is`K jMg iv`c AMgryzW nUM pCwVn leI is`K &OjIAW
nUM j`QybMd kr ky ie`k qkVy shwiek vjoN rol inBwieAw[ AwKIr 'c
BwvyN auh srIrk qOr qy kmzOr ho geI sI Aqy A`KW qoN qkrIbn AMnHI
sI qy kuJ krn qoN Asmr`Q sI pr aus ny Awpxy pu`qr nUM Xwd krvw
id`qw ik auh kI sI? Aqy ausdw Asl rwj-Bwg ik`Qy hY?
Furthermore Jindan had an iconic status. She was the last one
to stand upto the British. She is the first Sikh lady whose film is made
in the United Kingdom.
hor qW hor ijMdW dw imAwr bhuq auckotI dw sI[ auh AwKrI
dm q`k AMgryzW dy ivru`D lVI[ brqwnIAW iv`c auh pihlI is`K
iesqrI hY ijs au~pr i&lm bxweI geI hY[
so mhwrwxI ijMd kOr (ijMdW) is`K kOm dI mhwn nwiekw sI[
aus dy ihrdy AMdr kOm pRsqI qy dyS BgqI BrI hoeI sI[ pMjwb dI
DrqI Aqy smUh pMjwbIAW pRqI auh AQwh SrDw, ipAwr Aqy iK`c
r`KdI sI[ mhwrwxI bhuq rUpvMq, guxvMq A`qy sqvMq hox kr ky
Syir-ey-pMjwb mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG ny aus nUM AwpxI 'mhwrwxI' dw
i^qwb id`qw[ aus ny Awpxy jIvn AMdr A`q dy du`KVy JlidAW bVI
suGVqw, isdk Aqy swhs nwL sB izMmyvwrIAW inBweIAW[ mhwrwjy
dI mOq ip`CoN ijMdW dw jIvn BwvyN bVIAW muSklW, JgiVAW qy
bKyiVAW nwL iGr igAw pr aus ny koeI prvwh nw kIqI[ auh SyrnI
rUp ho iPrMgI dy swhmxy KVHI qy AVI[ AMgryzW ny BwvyN aus nUM nMnHy
ijhy dlIp isMG qoN v`K kr id`qw, dyS inkwlw dy id`qw Aqy aus dI
hyTI krn leI A`fI cotI dw zor lwieAw pr aus ny eIn nw mMnI[
ijMdW dy bol bVy gihry, ipAwry, inAwry Aqy cmqkwrI sn[ AYsy
bolW dI AwkrSx SkqI kwrn hI aus dy spUq mhwrwjw dlIp isMG
ny eIsweI m`q iqAwg ky dubwrw is`KI Dwrn kr leI Aqy AMimRqpwn
kr ky isMG sj igAw[ mhwrwxI dI duKWq BrI jIvn gwQw bhuq hI
118
pRyrnw sRoq hY Aqy ieiqhws AMdr ie`k cwnx munwrw hY[ ieh g`l
ilKx iv`c vI koeI AqkQnI nhIN hovygI ik mhwrwxI ijMd kOr ny
Bwrq dI AwzwdI leI coKw rol Adw kIqw[ aus dy ienHW mhwn guxW
Aqy GwLI sKq Gwlxw kwrn is`K styjW 'qy ijMdW dy sohly gwey jWdy
hn Aqy gdwrW nUM iPtkwrW pweIAW jWdIAW hn[ du`K dI g`l ieh
hY ik pMQk lIfrW Aqy pMjwb dIAW srkwrW ny mhwrwxI nUM aus dw
bxdw mwx qy siqkwr nhIN id`qw[
brqwnIAW dI AMgryzI hkUmq ny syir-ey-pMjwb dI mhwrwxI ƒ
ijs qrHW K`jl-KuAwr qy zlIl kIqw, aus ƒ jylHIN suìtAw, pu`qr qoN
v`K kIqw, dyS inkwlw id`qw Aqy aus nwl bdslUkI kIqI bVI hI
ihrdyvydk Gtnw hY[ ies qoN ielwvw aus dy pu`qr mhwrwjw dlIp
isMG ƒ aus dI mwq-BUmI, mW-bolI Aqy mW qoN pry kr ky ivìdAw qoN
hIxw, Drm qbdIl krky Aqy j`dI jwiedwd hV`p ky k`KW qoN hOlw kr
id`qw, bVI v`fI byiensw& vwlI bwq hY[ hYrwnI ies g`l dI vI hY ik
aus dy A`T bìcAW iv`coN iksy dy vI A`gy AOlwd nw hoxw SYqwnI BrI
kwrvweI jwpdI hY[ ieh ies leI ik aus dI vMS dw koeI jIA
kwƒnI kwrvweI krky lu`ty Kzwny dI mMg nw kr sky[
mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dw rwj ikauNik ‘is`K rwj’ sI[ ies
leI aus dy rwj dI smUh sMpqI is`K kOm dI sI[ so A`j is`K kOm
dw Prz bxdw hY ik auh iek`qr ho ky dunIAW dI v`fI Adwlq jW
brqwnvI pwrlImYNt qoN mhwrwxI Aqy mhwrwjy nwl kIqy Axmnu`KI
slUk bwry muAw&I mMgwey[ ijs qrHW kInIAW dy lokW ny kƒnI lVweI
lV ky brqwnIAW srkwr qoN 1950 dy mwau mwau AMdoln (Mao Mao
Rebellion) ijs iv`c prjw ’qy BwrI qS`dd kIqw igAw sI dI
muAwPI 2014 iv`c mMgweI Aqy hoey nukswn dw muAwvzw ilAw[ iesy
qrHW kYnf
y w dI srkwr ny kwmwgwtw mwrU dI drdnwk Gtnw jo 23 meI
1914 ƒ vwprI sI dI muAw&I pwrlImYNt iv`c 18 meI 2016 ƒ mMgI[
dunIAW dw pRis`D koihnUr hIrw jo nwbwlg dlIp isMG qoN aus
smyN dI mlkw ny SYqwnI nwl mhwrwjy ƒ vrglw ky Awpxy kbjy iv`c
kr ilAw sI is`K kOm ƒ vwps kr dyxw cwhIdw hY[ aus hIry ƒ is`KW
119
dy mhwn Aqy piv`qr AsQwn sRI hirmMdr swihb dy qoSoKwny iv`c
suSoBq kr dyxw cwhIdw hY jykr AMgryz kOm Awpxy Awp ƒ s`cI su`cI
Aqy ienswP psMd AKvwauNdI hY[ ieM\ mhwrwxI dI iv`CVI rUh ƒ
BwrI skUn imlygw[
ieh hY ijMdW mhwrwxI dI drd BrI Amr gwQw[
ijs nUM pVH sux Juk jWdw hr pRwxI dw mwQw[
120
bMswvlI
Syir-ey-pMjwb mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG
bu`D isMG (mOq 1716)
noD isMG (mOq 1753) cMdw isMG sMDwvlIAw
cVHq isMG (mOq 1774) Aqr isMG
mhW isMG (mOq 1792) lihxw isMG
rxjIq isMG (1790-1839) AjIq isMG
mhwrwxIAW pu`qr Twkr isMG (Awid)
mihqwb kOr Syr isMG (1807-1843), qwrw isMG

rwj kOr KVk isMG (1802-1840), nO inhwl isMG (mOq 1840)
dXw kOr kSmIrw isMG Aqy ipSOrw isMG
cMd kOr nO inhwl isMG (1820-1840)
rqn kOr mulqwnw isMG
ijMd kOr (ijMdW) dlIp isMG (4 sqMbr 1838 qoN 22 AkqUbr 1893)
(DI mMnw isMG AOlK)
bMbw mulr (SwdI 1864) AYfw. fI. kYdirl (1889-1926)

(1869-1930)
ivktr (lVkw 1866-1918) pwiln (lVkI 1887-1915)

PrYfirk (lVkw 1868-1926) eIrIn (lVkI 1889-1926)
bMbw (lVkI 1869-1957)
kYQrIn (lVkI 1871-1942)
soPIAw (lVkI 1871-1942)
Albrt AYfvrf (lVkw 1879-1893)
sroq jlwvqnI, nvqyj isMG Aqy AwKrI lmhy dI dwsqwn AmirMdr isMG)
121
pusqk prmwx
gMfw isMG (1989) pMjwb au~qy AMgryzW dw kbjw[ pMjwbI XUnIvristI,
pitAwlw[
hrcMd isMG bwgVI (2012) pMjwb dI AxK mhwrwxI ijMdW [ pRkwSk
qrlocn pbilSrz, cMfIgVH sYktr 15-3236)
sohx isMG sIql (2013) mhwrwxI ijMdW[ pRkwSk lwhOr bu`k Swp ,
nyVy suswietI isnymw, luiDAwxw[
sohx isMG sIql (1999) duKIey mW-pu`q[pRkwSk lwhOr bu`k Swp ,
nyVy suswietI isnymw, luiDAwxw[
sohx isMG sIql (1931) mhwrwjw dlIp isMG, sIql pusqk BMfwr,
sIql Bvn, mwfl grwm, luiDAwxw[
nvqyj srnw (2012) jlwvqnI[pRkwSk pMjwbI Bvn, luiDAwxw[
iqRlok isMG quPwn (2005) jlwvqn mhwrwjw dlIp isMG[ pRkwSk
^wlsw swihq sdn[
muhMmd lqIP (1994) pMjwb dw ieiqhws 2, Anuvwdk gurmuK isMG,
pRkwSk srqwj ipRitMg pRYs, jlMDr[
hIrw isMG drd (1975) krm isMG ihstorIAn dI ieiqhwsk Koj[
pRkwSk is`K ieiqhws rIsrc borf, SoRmxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk
kmytI, SRI AMimRqsr[
ikrpwl isMG bfUMgr (2015) pMjwb dI ijMdw-idl mhwrwxI ijMd
kOr[ mwisk gurmiq pRkwS ijld 59 AMk 5 Aqy 6 pMnw 49-
55 qy 98-107. Drm pRcwr kmytI, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk
kmytI, sRI AMimRqsr[
ismrn kOr (1996) ijMd kOr[ mhwrwxI ijMdW, pRmu`K sKSIAqW,
sMpwdk rUp isMG, Drm pRcwr kmytI, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk
kmytI, sRI AMimRqsr, pMnw 180-183
ipAwrw isMG pdm (1990) sMKp
y is`K ieiqhws (1469-1989), pRkwSk
klm mMidr loXr mwl, pitAwlw[
122
Swh muhm
M d (2005) jMgnwmw ihMd-pMjwb cyqnw pRkwSn, pMjwbI Bvn,
luiDAwxw[ AYfItrz-Swh cmn qy guriekbwl isMG[
AmirMdr isMG (2010) AwKrI lmhy dI dwsqwn, lwhOr drbwr dw
cVHdw qy fu`bdw sUrj, lwhOr buks 2, lwjpq rwey mwrikt,
luiDAwxw[
Suri Sohan Lal (1858-59). Umdat-ut. Twarikh
Bell Evans (1882). The Annexation of the Punjab and Maharaja
Duleep Singh, London.
Khushwant Singh (1966). A History of the Sikhs. Vol II, Princeton.
Gill Avtar Singh (1983). Lahore Darbar and Rani Jindan, Ludhiana.
Smyth, G. Carnnichoel (1970). A History of the Reiging Family of
Duleep Singh (Reprint 1970).
Ganda Singh ed. (1977). History of the Freedom Movement of the
Punjab (Maharaja Duleep Singh).
Harbans Singh (1996). The Encyclopedia of Sikhs Vol. II (EL-I)
Punjabi University, Patiala.
Hasrat, B.J. (2015). Jind Kaur Maharani, The Encylopedia of
Sikhism, Punjabi University, Patiala.
Cunnigam, J.D. (1997). History of the Sikhs.
Bansal Boby Singh (2010). The Lions's Firanghis Europeans at the
Court of Lahore. Caronet House, London.
Christy Compbell ( ). The Maharaja's Box: In Imperial Story. I love
and Gurus Prothecy.
Peter Bance (2009) Sovereign, Squre and Rebel: Maharaja Duleep
Singh and the Heirs of Lost Kingdom.
Anita Anand (2015) Sophia : Princess Suffragette Revolutionary.
Grewal, Harpreet Kaur (2010) Rebel Queen: A Thorn in the Crown.
The Guardian, 31 December 2010.
123

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fw. hrBjn isMG syKoN, dwKw

lyKk fw. hrBjn isMG syKoN

dUjy kWf iv`c is`K rwj dI ivSwlqw, ivkws-SIlqw, sUrbIrqw

qIjy kWf iv`c gorI srkwr dI by-AsUlI soc dI pySkwrI hY[

imqI 16-11-2016 surjIq isMG

hrcMd isMG bwgVI

ipAwrw isMG pdm ilKdy hn ik BwvyN vwrs Swh is`KW dI

mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI mhwrwxI ijMdW (ijMd kOr) ny is`K

ieh pusqk ilKx dw Purnw dws nUM ies kr ky PuirAw ik ie`k

ikauNik ijMdW Syir-ey-pMjwb mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI rwxI

ijMdW mhwrwxI ikvyN bxI?

ies qrHW gurU jI ny mwJ rwg dI vwr AMdr iliKAw hY:

dlIp isMG dI pYdwieS

rwxI ijMdW ny Awpxy nrm, koml, surIly Aqy muskrwht Bry

ieh vI Awm kihx iv`c AwauNdw hY 'surgoN nrk qy nrkoN

mhwrwjy dI mOq ny aus hUrW prI dI suMdrqw m`Dm pw id`qI,

mhwrwjy dy srIr lwgy igAwnI gurbwxI dw pwT aucwrn kr

smùcy pMjwb iv`c 13 idn sog mnwieAw igAw[ lwhOr dy bwzwrW

kwgzI kwrvweI leI mohr 'qy 'rxjIq isMG Akwl shwie'

rxjIq isMG bhuq isAwxw, smJdwr Aqy soJIvwn rwjw sI[

kMvr Syr isMG ny 2 swl 7 mhIny 27 idn suhxw rwj kIqw[ pr

nvqyj srnw ny AwpxI pusqk jlwvqnI dy pMnw 109 'qy

is`K rwj hiQAwaux leI iPrMgI vloN

pMjwb Aqy ihMd dI jMg

PyrU Sihr dI jMg

ies jMg iv`c kyvl gory ispwhI hI nhIN sn[ ihMdusqwn dy

gurU goibMd isMG jI dw ^wlsw jo bwjW dI inAweIN hY aus dw

mhwrwxI dw p`qr dyK dy swr hI 71 swlw XoDy srdwr Swm isMG

gdwrW dI gdwrI, iPrMgI dI srdwrI

kwdrXwr srdwr dy gux ieM\ gwauNdw hY:

kinMGm Anuswr is`K &OjI ie`k ie`k ieMc jgHw leI lV qy mr

is`K rwj 'qy iPrMgI dw kbjw

ijMdW nUM dlIp nwloN v`K krnw

nvyN gvrnr jnrl flhOzI dw klk`qy Aqy

bnwrs (vwrwnsI) sqluj dirAw dy kMFy qoN qkrIbn 700 mIl

dUjI AYNglo-is`K lVweI

iclIAWvwly qy gujrwq dI jMg

kihMdy ny jnrl iglbrt ny ienHW nUM swbwSy id`qI ik qusIN

is`K rwj dy drbwr 'qy iPrMgI JMfw

flhOzI v`loN iqAwr kIqIAW SrqW

bnwrs jylH AMdr mhwrwxI dI qlwSI lYxw

iPr inaumwrc ny klk`qy suprIm kort 'c ApIl kIqI pr

lwgn mhwrwjy dw AMg r`iKAk

Bwv srkwr jo cwhy AwpxI mn-mrzI dy ibAwn auh ilKw

mhwrwjy nUM eIsweI bxwauxw

dlIp isMG nUM eIsweI bnwaux dI rsm PqHygVH ivKy aus dI

Bwv qusIN cMgy purS bx ky jIvn guzwrnw hY[mhwrwjy dy eIsweI

vlwieq Byjx leI iqAwrI

(Dalhousie, April 5, 1954)

vlwieq 'c mhwrwjy dI rihxI bihxI

koihnUr, dlIp isMG dy h`QoN mlkw

iv`idAw p`KoN mhwrwjy nUM hIxw krnw

mhwrwjy nUM bwlg GoiSq krn 'c dyrI

hux dlIp isMG vI jvwn hox kr ky surq isr ho igAw[

nohymIAW h`Q ic`TI Byjxw

mhwrwjy v`loN mhwrwxI nUM hor ic`TI ByjxI

dlIp isMG nUM ihMdusqwn jwx qoN rokx leI lwgn

dlIp isMG ny ihMdusqwn phuMcxw

pqI Syir-ey-pMjwb dI mOq, rwj Bwg Kusx qy pu`qr dy ivCoVy

ieh Gtnw drswauNdI hY ik duKI mhwrwxI ijMdW dy idl iv`c

mhwrwjw qy is`K &OjW

jdoN dlIp isMG ny AwpxI mwqw dI soc bwry vwiesrwey nUM

ijMdW nUM v`Kry Gr iv`c Byjxw