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No.5-1992 ouE-
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Emisora de los d1ex1s as ...

La Voz de los locos lechuceros ...

• La primera en informaci6n ...

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Radio
Nuevo
Mundo
TOKYO JAPAN
 - 1-

LA DX' i n g No_ 5 (1992)

C O NT E NT S

7. S INTONIA DX (compiled by Takeshi Sejimo) 003-026

-Latin American Stations by Frequency (by T.Inoue and T. Seji mo) ...... 04

2 . TORMENTA DX (compiled by Hirotsugu Nabeshimaj 027-132

-TORMENT A DX PERUANA (by H. Nabeshima ) . . .... 28-84

Radio Programas del Peru 28 Radio Landa 60
Radio Panamericana 33 Radio Hispana 62
Radio Union .. . . 38 Radio La Hora 64
Radio Victoria . .. . .. . . . 40 Radio Tawantinsuyo 66
Radio Santa Rosa . . . . . . . 42 Radio Mundo 68
Radio Inca del Peru .. . . 46 Radio Nacional del Peru-Tacna 70
Radio Cora . . . . 49 Radio Tacna 72
Radio Ameri ca ... . . 52 Radio Nuevo Continente 75
Radio La Cr6nica .. 54 Radio Atahualpa 78
Radio Continental .. . 56 Radio Inca 80
Radio Sicuani .. 59 Radio Libertad de Trujillo 82

-TORMENTA DX ECUATORIANA ( by H. Nabeshima) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... 86-127

Radio Popular Independiente . . .. 86 Radio Jesus del Gran Poder 104
La Voz del Rio Tarqui ... ..... .. 89 Radio Quito .... . ..... .. ... . . . . 107
Ondas Azuayas ............. .... . 90 Radio Tarqui ....... . . . .. . .. ... 110
Radio Splendit .. . ...... . ....... 92 Emisoras Gran Colombia .... . ... 112
Radio Cuenca ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Radio Cat6lica Nacional ....... 116
Radio Nacional Progreso ........ 96 Radio Nacional del Ecuador 120
Radio Centinela del Sur ... .. . . . 98 Radio La Voz de Saquisili . .... 124
Radio Luz y Vida ......... ..... 101 Radio Baha'i del Ecuador . . . . . . 126

-TORMENTA DX DOMINI CANA (by H. Nabeshima) . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... .. . 128-132

Radio Amanecer Internacional .. 128 Radio Clarin . . . .. .. ........ . .. 130

3. VENTISCA DX (compiled by Takeshi Sejimo) 133-158

-DXing Peru (by J.Anderson) . ... . . ............ .. . . . ... . ...... .. . . ... . 1~
-DXing Bolivia (by J.Anderson) . ......... .... . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . ..... 138
-A DX Tour over the Bolivian Dial (by J.Anderson) ... . ... . .... ....... 140
-A DX Tour over the Colombian Dial (by J . Anderson) ...... ............ 144
-A DX Tour over the Venezuelan Dial (by J.Anderson) . ... . ........ .. . . 147
-The Influence o f Local Languages of Peruvian Radio Scene (by JA) ... 150

4. TERREMOTO DX (compiled by Tetsuya Hirahara) 159-181

-A Visit to Radio Casino (by T.Hirahara) .. .. ......... ..... .. ....... . 160

-Pirate Broadcasting in Narii'\o (by H. Klemetz) ......... . ... ... . .. . ... 162
-Radio on the Galapagos Islands (by J.F.Crespo) ...... . ...... . ....... 167
-Venezuelan Radio Broadcasting (by J.F.Crespo) .... . ....... . .. .. ..... 172
-Books/Publications for LA DX'ers (by T.Hirahara) .... ... ......... . .. 178
-2-

General Editor Tetsuya HIRAHARA

Associate Editors Takeshi SEJIMO
Hirotsugu NABESHIMA

Particular appreciation and thanks should go to the

following people whose articles. information. materials and/or
collaboration have been of great value in the preparation
of this publication:

Julian Anderson ..... .. ................ . ... Argentina

Henrik Klemetz ...... . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sweden
Juan Franco Crespo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spain
Takayuki Inoue Nozaki ... . ... . .. . .............. Japan
Committee to Preserve Radio Verifications .... U.S.A.
Toshiaki Sakai . .......... ... . .......... . ...... Japan
Shuichi Sasaki ....... . ............... . ....... . Japan
Antonio Ribeiro da Motta ....... . ............. Brazil

Cover illustration: Rede Difusora. Paraiba. Brazil

COPYRIGHT @ 1992. by "Radio Nuevo Mundo".

(c/ o fetsuya H/RAHARA, 5-6-6 Nukui-k ita, Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184, JAPAN)

Reproduction in full or in part of commercial purposes, for

resale or for redistribution, is not permitted , unless prior
written permission has been obtained from "Radio Nuevo Mundo".

Printed in Japan .

DESDE LA CIUDAD DE LOS CUATRO NOMBRES "SUCRE"

UNA VOZ INDEPENDIENTE AL SERVICIO DE LA PATRIA

1.160 Kc. ONDA MEOLA • 3.375 Kc . ONDA CO ITTA )

104 MHz . FM STEREO FRECUENCIA MOVlL
ESTUDIOS: c. Caloo 7 esq. Pl.. 25 de Mayo
Telejonos Z-2755 2-3227 Cas!lla 25.
Sucre • Boliuia
 -3-

Compiled by Takeshi SEJIMO

(All times in U.T.C.)

Illustration: La Voz del Litoral,

Barranquilla, Colombia (ex-1220kHz)
-4-

Latin American Stations by Frequency

Co•pi led by Takayuki INOUE
Takeshi SEJI MO

USER' S Gll I OF.

This list "Lalin American stations by frequ ency" is comp I ied under I.he following edi ting rul es.
I) Station I isling is I imited Lo those whos e fundamental fr equncies I ie between 1,620kHz and 30,000kHz.
2) Time s ignal stations and utility stations (excep t SSB Feeders) are not incl uded.
3) Intern atio nal broadcasters are not I isted with some except ion.
4) Former frequncic s of Br:izilian/C l andestine/internationa l stations are not listed.
5) Cl andestine stat i ons whi ch are relayed by official stations in the U.S.A. are excluded .
6) Broadcasting schedules are mentioned in Normal Time. Therefore. where the Summer Time is used,
stations may shift their broadcasting schedule earlier during the Summer Time.
7) Unl ess otherwise s lated, languag e used is Span i sh or Portuguese (Rrazilian stations) .
8) This list has been ed ited until April 1992.

ABBREV! AT IONS

I) Frequency
Al I frequencies are I is Led in kHz.
X : inactive or QSY to other frequency, : future plan. : variable, II harmonic,
L : Lower Side Band (LSB), u : Upper S idc Band (USB), * :
V
no rPac ti vat ion excepted
2) Country
ARG Argentina 81.Z Be I i ze BOL Bo Ii vi a BRS Bras i I
CHL Chi le CLH Colombia CTR Costa Rica CUB Cuba
DOH Dominican Rep. EQA Ecuador FLK Falkland Islands GTH Guatemala
GUB Guyana Rep. GUF French Guyana HND llonduras HT! llai Li
HEX Mexico NCG Nicaragua PRG Paraguay PRU PerU
Sl.V EI Salvador SUR Suriname URG Uru'5uay VEN Venezuela
XXX Cland est i ne
3) Station and Location
R : Radio or Radio, LV La Voz, ( ) closed down
4) Time
h : hours
All times in UTC, and are menti oned ass/on - s/off .
0100/0400 means s/on ors/off time is varing between 0100 and 0400 UTC.
5) Remarks
Alt : alternative, // - in parallel with, li'P futurP, plan, ex. : former,
tx. : trans ■ iss ion, cf. : refer to, variab!e, MW medium wave
Language ;
AR Arabic AV Aymara EG English FR French GH German IT Italian
JP : Japanese PR Portuguese QU Quechua RS Russian SP Spanish

INFORMATION SOURCES

Radio Nuevo Mundo bull e tins (which include information from following publications DX South Florida,
Numero Uno. wrth LA - NL, Play DX, Pampas DXing, The Radio Ne!<s, El Chasqui DX), Latin American Radio
World, The Journal of NASWA, WRTH 1992, Brazilian MW, SW and FM Stations List, Onda Corta, Radio
Panorama, Relampago DX (TIN), Shuichi Sasaki, Toshiaki Sakai, Tetsuya flirahara.
 - 5-
lli.!I ~ Station and Location
2360. 0 GTM R. Maya, Sa nt a Cru z de Barillas 1030- 1400, 2200- 0400 K' anjobal. //-3324. 8kHz.
2379. 9 BRS R. Educadora, Lim ei ra 24h
/ (May-Sept on 2380. OkHz)
X2380. 0 FLK FIBS, Port Stan l ey Al t. 3958. 0kHz. inac tive .
2389. 9 GTM LV de Atitlan, Santiago At i LIa n ll 00 - 1400, 2000- 0330 Tzutuj i I.
2390.1 MEX R. Huayacoc6t la, Huayacoc6l l a 1200- 1600, 2100- 0100
2410 BRS R. Tr ansa ma z6n i ca, Senador Gu iomard 1000- 0230 FP: QSY Lo 3255 kHz.
2420. 0 BRS R. Siio Carlos, Siio Car los 0800 - 0300
*2 460 BRS R. Progresso do Acre, Rio Branco
X2470 BRS R. Cacique, Sorocaba 0800 - 0430 inactive.
2490. 0 BRS R. Oito de Sete11b ro , De sea I vado 09 00 - 0200

X3 180 PRU (R. Ve I mar, Tocache)

X3200 . 4 BOL R. 9 de Abr i I, Pu lacayo 1000 - 1200, 2330- 0300 inac tive.
3204. 6 PRU R. Paramonga, Barranca 0900 - 0300
3205. 0 BRS R. Ribeiriio Prelo, Ribeirao Pre to 0700 -0400
3205 BRS R. Vale do Rio Madeira, Humai ta Daytime only.
*3205 DOM R. 01 impica Internacional, I.a Vega
X3214. 8 BOL R. San Sa I vador, Totora 1030- , 2100- 0020 inact ive.
&3215 VEN Ondas Pana me ri canas, EI Vigia inactiv e.
3220. 0 EQA HC J B, Qui to 0830 1430, 2100- 0500 QU / SP.
X3225. I VEN R. Occident e, Tovar 0955-0 400 //- 9750. 2kHz. inactive.
3230. 2v PRU R. El Sol de los Andes, Jul ia ca 1000 -0300 QU/ AY .
3234. 9 BRS R. Cl ube, Mari I ia 0300 - 0400
3239. 8v EQA R. An tena Libre, Esmera ldas 1100 - 130 0, 2200- 0300 irregular.
&3244. 9 VEN R. Libertador, Caracas inactiv e.
3245. 0 BRS R. Clube, Vargi nha 0900 - 0130
3249. 5 HND R. Lu z y Vida, San Lu is 1100 - 1600, 2200- 0400

X3250 PRU R. Qol lasuyo, Jul iaca 1000 - 0300 inact iv e.

3253. 5 VEN R. 980, El Tigre 1000 - 0400 irregular.
*3255 BRS R. Transamaz 6nica, Senador Guioma rd
X3255 EQA LV de l Triunfo, Santo Domingo de Colorados i nae ti ve.
3255. I BRS R. Educadora de Cariri, Crato 0900 - 0200
3260. 0 PRU LV de Oxapaapa, Oxapampa 1000 - 0500 SP/QU.
X3260. 9v EQA LV de Rio Carrizal, Calceta II 00 - 0330 i nact iv e.
3270. Ov EQA R. Ecos dcl Or i ente , Lago Agrio l 000 - 0400
3275. I VEN R. Mara, Maracaibo 1000- 0400
3279. 8 EQA LV de I Napo, Tena 1000- 1130, 2200- 0300 SP / Shuar.
X3280 BOL R. Emisoras Cha co, Yacui ba 0900 - 0400 ina c tiv e .
3280. 2 PRU Estaci6n War i, Ayacucho 1000-0400
X3284. 9 BLZ R. Be Ii ze, Belmopan 1100-0600 inactive.
3285. 0 BRS R. Sentinel a da Amazonia, Obi dos 24h
3285. 3 EQA LV <lei Rio Tarqui, Cuenca 1000- 1330, 2230- 0130 irregular.
3289. 9 EQA R. Centro, Ambato 0900 - 1700, 2200 -0400
X3290 . 1 PRU R. Tayabamba, Tayabamba QSY to 4626. lkHz.
X3295 VEN R. Tr uj i I lo, Truj i I lo ina c tiv e .
-6-
3300. 0 GTM R. Cu I Lura I, Gua te11a I a I 000 - 0730 //- 5955 . 5kll7.. SP/EG.
• 3300 PRU R. Juni n, lluancayo inactive .
X3309. 8 PRU R. Bagua, Bagua I 000 - 0300 inactive.
X33! 0 EQA LV de la Frontera, Macar li inactiv e.
3310.2v BOL R. San Mi guel, Riberalta 0900 - 1800, ?.000-0300 Alt. 3320. 3v kH z.
3315. 2v EQA R. Pastaza, El Puyo 1100 - 1800, 2300- 0400 irregular.
3320.3v BOL R.San Mi guel, Riberalla 0900 - 1800, 2000- 0300 cf. 3310. 2vk Hz.
X3322 . 4 EQA (R. Di fu so ra Sangay, Hacas)
3324. 7 EQA Ondas Ou c vedeilas, Quevedo 24h irregular.
3324. 8 GTM R. Haya, Sanla Cruz de Bari I las 1030 - 1400, 2200- 0400 K' anjoba I. //- 2360. OkHz.
3325.0 BRS R.Tupi, SiioPaulo 24h / / - 4975 . Okllz .
3325.2v BRS R.Liberal, Belem 24h
3329. 6v PRU Ondas del Hua I laga, lluanuco 1000 0500 Somelimes drift to 3330. 4kHz.
X3330. 0 BOL (R. Charcas, Monteagud o)
• 3330 PRU R. Progreso, Piura inactive.
Ollh mA L~~~L El~ca QSY to 33 49. 8kHz.
3335.0 BRS R.Alvorada, Londrina 080D 0300 FP: QSY to 4865kllz.
3339.9v PRU R.Altura, Cer r o de Pasco 1000 0500
*3340 EQA R. El Puyo, Puyo
X3340 EQA (R. Trop ica I, Esmera ldas)
3340.2 BOL R.Viloco, Mina Viloco I 000 - 0200
3349. 3v BOL R. 27 de Diciembre, Vil lamontes 2230 -0200
3349. 8v EQA R. Cumanda, EI Coca 1100 -0300
/ FP : QSY to 5980kHz.
X3360. l EQA R. Federacion, Suctia 1100 - 1300, 2100- 0100 //4960.9kllz. inaclive .
3360. 4v GTM LV de Nahuala, Nahuala II 00 1400, 2 I 00 - 0300 ( 1900- SUN) SP/Quiche.
3364 . 9 BRS R. Cu I tura, Araraquara 0700 0300 \ / / - 5040kHz.
3365.9v CUB R.Rebelde, La Julia 24 h / / - 5025. Okl!z .
3370 EQA R. Nacional Limon, Li•611 ludanza 1100 0400
3370. 0 GTH R. Tezulutlan, Coban 1050 1600, 2045 - 0400 // - 4835. 2kHz.
\SP/K'ekc hi ' /Poco mchi.
X3370. 5 BOL R. Florida, Sama ipala
3374.5v BRS R.Nac ional, Sao Gabriel da Cachoeira 0800 030 0
3375. Ov BRS R. Clube, Dourados 0800 - 0300
3375. 0 BRS R. Educadora, Guajara Hi rim 0900 0200
X3375 BRS R. Equatorial, Hacapa 1100 2100 inactive.
X3376v BOL R. Nuevo Mundo, Sucre I 030 - 0300 inactive.
3380. I GTH R. Chor tis, Jocotan : 100 - 1300, 2100- 0300
X3380. 3v BOL R. Cumbre, Tazna 1030 - 1300, 1500- 1700, 2100 - 0300 inactive.
X3380.9 EQA R. Iris , Quito 1000- 1400, 2200- 0100 inactive.
3385 BRS R. Educa~iio Rura I, Tefe 0900 - 0200
3385. 0 GUF R. F. 0. Guyane, Cayenne 24h FR. / / - 5055. 8kllz.
3390. 3v BOL R. Emisoras Camargo, Camargo 2300 -0300 SP/QU
3394. 8 EQA R.Cat6li ca Santo Domingo, Santo Domingo de !os Co !orados 1100- 1300, 2100- 0200

3400. 8v BRS R. Educadora 6 de Agosto, Xapuri 1000- 0200

X3407. 5 BOL R. El Tr6pico, Trinidad QSY to 4550vkHz
X3420. 4 BOL R. Melodia, Bermejo QSY to NW.
X3450. 4v PRU R. Qy6n, 0y6n QSY to 3800 . 2kHz.
 -7-
3465. 7 PRU R. Reina de I a Se Iva, Chachapoyas 0930 - 0400
3470 - 3478v BOL R.Padilla, Padiila 2300 - 0200
3499. 9 CLM LV de Guainia, Puerto Inirida 1000- 0000 irregular.

3500. 5 PRU R. Chi II ia, Chi II ia 2300 -0200

X3521. 5v BOL R. 20 de Sept iembre, Ber■ ejo QSY to 3754. 3kllz.
3550v XXX LV Popu I ar 0200 - 0310 (WED, SAT)
X3552 BOL R. 20 de Sept iembre, Bermejo dr i fled from 3521 kllz.
3568. 7 BRS R.Educadora 3 de Julho , Brasileia 0900 - 0300
3579. 9 CLM R. Cato! ica, (Location unknown)
3747 BOL R. Emisora 20 de Dicieobre, Culpinas - 0200
X3754. 3 BOL R. 20 de Sept ie•bre, Beroejo 2300 - 0200 inactive.

X3800 PRU (R. Esmcra Ida, Huanta)

3800. 2 PRU R. Oy6n, Oy6n 1000- 1300, 2200- 0100/0300
X3805v CLM R.Cultural "LV de! Telembi" , Barbacoas 1100- 2300 inactiv e.
38 10v PRU R. Centenar io, Cerro de Pasco 2300 - 0400
X3860 PRU R. San Nicolas, Rodriguez de Mendoza QSY lo 3928. 4kflz.
3884. 9 BOL R. Emis oras Entrerriana. Entre Rios
3928. 4 PRU R. San Nicolas, Rodriguez de Mendoza 2330 -0200
/ (Oct- Apr on 3958kHz. )
X3958. 0 FLK F I BS, Port Stanl ey Al t. 2380.0kHz. inactive.
X3972. I PRU R. Nuevo Cajamarca. Nueva Cajamarca QSY to 5799. 8kHz .
X3980. 9 PRU R. El Porvenir, El Porvenir 1100- 0400 inactiv e.

X4004. 9v PRU R. Grau, Huancabamba QSY to 4300. ?kHz .

4012.lv PRU R.Frecuencia Popular, Rioja I 030 - 0400
X4025 PRU R. Frecuencia Popular, Rioja drifted to 4012. I kHz.
4 039. 2v PRU R. Margi na I, Tocache 1000 -0400 (1100- SUN)
4083. 8 PRU Nay I amp "Es tac i6n rucara", Pucarli 1020 -
4118.4v BRS R. Di fusora, Sena Nadur ei ra 1000- 0230
414 I. Ov PRU R. Gran Pajaten, Ce lend in 2300 0500
4175v PRU R. Membr i I I ar, Cascas 1030 - 0500
X4 193. 8 PRU R.Uchi za , Uchiza I I 00 -0400 i nactiv e.
4210.8 BOL R.Per la de! Oriente, Robore
42 12. l EQA R. Susudel, Oilas l I 00 - 0200 irregular.
4237. Ov PRU R. Inca, Banos de! In ca OR00 - 1500, 2300- 0300
X4255 EQA R. Di fusora Gonzanama , Gonzanama drifted lo 4270. 6kllz.
4270. 6v EQA R. Di fusora Gonzanama.. Gonzanama 1100 -0400 irregular .
X4278. 9 PRU R. Inca , Banos de I Inca dri fled from 4237vkHz.
X4295 PRU LV de Pomabamba, Pomabamba QSY to 5355vkllz .
4299. 5v PRU R. EI Puerto, Pacas mayo OR00 - 0 I 00
4299. 9 PRU R. Regional, San Marcos

X4300 PRU Naylamp "Estacion Pucara" Pucara QSY to 4083. 8vkHz.

X4300. 7 PR U R. Grau, Huancabamba QSY to 5277.6kHz.
X4330 PRU R. El Puerto, Pacasoayo QSY lo 4299 . 5vkHz.
X4330 PRU R. Fr ec uenc ia Lid er, Bambamarca drifted to 4419 . 0vkHz.
4350- 4386. 2v PRU R. Uno, Huanuco 2300- 0200
4404. 5 BOL R. Paiscauna , Cobija
-8-
4409. 2 BOL R. Eco, Reyes 2300 - 0300
4419. Ov PRU R. Frec ue nc ia Lid er, Bambamarca 1000- 1400, 2300 - 0430
4 420 BOL R. Santa Rosa, Santa Rosa de Yacuma 1400- 1900, 2200 - 0300
4435. I BOL LV de! Tr6pi co , Vi I la Tunar i 0930 - 1400, 2200- 0230
X4441.3v BOL R. Santa Rosa , Santa Rosa de Yacuma QSY to 4420kHz.
4449. 9 BOL R. Frontera, Cobi ja 1000 - 0300
X4456. 7 BOL LV de! Tropico, Vi I la Tunari QSY to 4435. lkll z.
4461. 5v PRU R. Nor Andina, Ce lend in 2300 - 0400
4472. 4v BO!. R. Mov i ma, Sa nta Ana de Yacuma 1030- 1900, 2200 - 0200
448 5. Ov PRU LV de Ce le ndin, Ce lendin 0900 - 0400
4494. 6 PRU R. Sa n Mateo , Con tumaza 1100- 1300, 2300 - 04 00

X4501 BO!. R. Galax ia, Gua yaramerin QSY to 4541kHz.

X4507 PRU R. El Puerto, Pacasmayo drifted from 4300vkHz .
4510. 6v PRU R. Las Pal mas, Nu evo Bambamarca
X4510. 7- 4517. 5v PRU R. Uno, Huanu co QSY to 4350vkHz.
X4519 PRU R. El Puerto, Pacas mayo drifted from 4300vkllz .
X4530 BOL R.Galaxia, Guayaramerin QSY to 5156. 5kHz.
4530 PRU R. Nay lamp, Lambayeque 0900-0500
4530. 2 BOL R. Hitachi, Guayaramer in 1000- 2300
4540v BOL R. Hori zontes, Cob i ja irregular.
X454 I BOL R.Galaxia, Guaya ramerin QSY to 5159. 5kHz.
4552. 5v BOL R. El Tr6pico, Trinidad -0030
4560. 0 NCG R. Mi sk ut, Puerto Cabezas - 0400/0600 test tx.
X4560 PRU R. Huando y, Caraz inactive.
4588. OU ARG R. Co ntinental , Bue nos Aires 2200 - 0400 (1800 - 0000 SAT) / / - 9115. OkHz.
X4588. OU ARG R. Ri vada vi a, Buenos Ai res USB Feeder. \ USB Feeder .
X4593 U ARG R. Ri vadav i a, Buenos Ai res USB Feede r .
4599.7 BOL R.emisoras Villamontes, Vill amon t es 0900 -

4600L ARG R. Continental, Buenos Aires irregu lar . LSB Fee.de r .

4600. Iv BOL R. Perla de! Acre, Cobija 0900 - 0300 (1300- 0500 SUN)
4606. 6v PRU R. Ayavi ri, Ayav iri 1100 - 0230 c f. 5035kHz.
46 25. 6 BOL R. Emisora Aguadu Ice, San Joaquin 1000- 2300
4626.lv PRU R. Tayabamba, Taya bamba 1000- J 600, 2330- 0400
4649. 2v BOL R. Santa Ana, Santa Ana de Yacuma 1100- 1800, 2100 - 0200 / 0400
4679. 9v EQA R. Na cional Espejo, Qui to 2200- 0300 irregular.
4681. 7v BOL R. Paitili, Guayarame rin 1020 - 1900, 2130- 0300
4695v XXX R. Patria Libre 0030 - 0100
X4699. 7v BOL (R. Ribera I ta, Riberalta)

4700. lv PRU R. Wa ira, Cho ta 1200- 0500

4 704. 7v PRU Estaci6n Laser , Rioja 1100-, 2200/2300 - 0400
X4712. 3 BOL R. Abaroa, Ribera I ta drifted to 4719 . 8kHz.
4719.8v BOL R.Abaroa , Riberalta 1030- 0400
X4730 BOL R. Frontera, Cobija QSY to 4449. 9kHz .
X4731.2 BOL R.Abaroa, Ribe ralta drift ed from 4719 . 8kHz.
4731. 3v PRU R. San Juan, Caraz 1300- 2300
4739. 6v BOL R. Mamore, Guayaramerin I 000 - 0000
 -9-
X4744v EQA R. Popular Independiente, Cuenca drifted from 4799. 9kHz.
X4747 . 5 BOL LV de! Tr6pico, Vi Ila Tunari drifted from 4458.3kHz.

U750 DOH R.Alfa - Omega , Santo Do•ingo inac tiv e.

X4750 EQA R. El Mundo, Guayaqui I ina c tive.
4752. 2v PRU R. Huanta 2000 , Huan ta 1000 - 1400 , 2200- 0400 drifted 4746. 7- 4755. OkHz
X4755 BOL Emisoras Bolivia, Oruro inactive.
4755.0 BRS R. Di fu so ra do Haranhiio, Sao Luiz 24h
4755.0 BRS R. Educa~iio Rural, Ca mpo Grande 0800 - 0500
X4 755. 0 CLH CARA COL, San ta Fe de Bogota 24h inactive.
X4755.0 HND Sani Radio, Puerto Lempira QSY to 6299. 4kHz.
4759. Ov PRU R. Tingo Ma ria, Tingo Maria ll00 - 0300

X4760. 2 EQA Sistema de Emisoras Atalaya , Guayaqui I - 0300 inactive.

4761. 1 VEN R. Frontera, San Antonio 1000 - 0200
X4762. 1 PRU R. lnca, Lima QSY lo 4770kHz.
X476 4. 3v BOL R. Guanay , Guanay 1030- 2300 ina ct iv e.
4765. 0 BRS R. Emissora Rural, San tare• 0800 - 0300
4765. 0 BRS R. lnteg ra ~iio, Cruz e iro do Sul 0900 0300
X4 766. 6v EQA CR E, Guayaqui I inactive.
X4769. 2 BOL R. Paititi , Guayaramerin drifted fr om 4681. 3kHz.
X4769. 9 VEN R.Mundial Bolivar, Bolivar 0900 - 0400 inactive.

*4770 !IND Ondas de! Ulua, Santa Barbara 0930 - 0400

X4770 PRU Radial Andina, Arequipa inactive.
X4770 PRU ll. In ca, Lima inactive.
X477 0 PRU R. Tingo Maria, Tingo Maria drifted from 4759. Okllz.
4774v EQA R. Popular Independiente, Cuenca drifted from 4799.9kflz.
4774.9 PRU R. Tarma, Tarma 1000- 1400, 2000 - 0500 (1100 - SUN)
*4775 BRS R. Amare I a, Ro Ii• de Moura
4775.0 BRS R. Di fusora, Congonhas 0800- 0100
4 775. 0 BRS R. Portal da Amazonia, Cu iaba 0900 - 0300
U775 CI.M Emisora Ke nn edy, Santa Fe de Bogota ina ct ive.
4775. 1 BOL R. Lo s Andes , Tar ija 1000- 0300
X4775.2 Cl.H R. Super, Mede ll in QSY lo 4780. 3kllz.

X4 780 PRU R. Chincheros , Chinchcros QSY lo 4785. 5kH z.

X4 780. I VEN LV de Carabobo, Valencia 0900 -0400 i nacl i ve.
X4780. 3 CLH R. Super, Medell in 24h inactive.
14 782 CLM R. Tres Fronteras, Puerto Asi s i nactive.
X4784.6 BOL R. Em i sora Ba 11 iv i an, San Borja 1200- inactive.
4 785 BRS R. Bras i I, Campinas 0730 - 0030 irregular .
4785. 0 BRS R.Caiari , Porto Velho 0800 - 0400
X4785 BRS R. Ribamar, Sao Luiz inactive.
4785. 5v PRU R. Chi ncheros, Chi ncheros 14 00 - 0300
4785.6 PRU R.COSAT, Satipo I 000 - 0200
4785.8 CLM Ecos del Combeima, lbague 0930 - 0 I 00

4790. Iv PRU R.Al l antida, Iquitos 0900 - 0500

X4792 EQA Sistema de E•isoras Alalaya, Guayaquil QSY to 4760. 2kllz.
-1 0-
4795. 0 BRS R. Di fusora, Aquidauana 0800 - 0300
X4795 CLH R. Reloj, Santa Fe de Bogota inactive.
4795. 3v EQA LV de las Caras, Bahia de Carllquez 2300 - 0300 (occas iona I I y 1200- )
X4 796. Ov BOL R. Nu eva America, La Paz 1000- 1330, 1600- 1800, 2200 - 0300 inactive.
X4799. 5 BOL (R. Rumbo Caravaca, San Ignacio)
4 799. 7 GTH R. Buenas Nuevas, San Sebastian Huehuetenango 1100 - 1400, 2200- 0300
4799. 9 DOH IL Norte "La N 103", Santiago 1000 -0600
4799. 9v EQA R. Popul ar l ndependienle, Cuenca 1000 0500

H 800 PRU R. 15 - 50, Hua ncayo inactive.

4800. 7 PRU R. Onda Azu I, Puna 0900 - 0300 (1000- SUN) SP/QU/AY.
4804 . 6 PRU R.Villa Rica, Huan ca velica 1000 - 0300
4805. 0 BRS R. Di fusora do Amazonas, Hana us 0900 - 0300
4805 BRS R. ltatiaia , Belo Horizonte 0800 - 0300 //- 5970. OkHz.
X4808 BOL R. Frontera , Yacuiba inactive.
4808. 9v BOL R. Di fusoras Li be rtad, Mina Santa Fe 1000 - 1700, 2100-- 0100 (1000 - 2100 SUN)

X4810 VEN R. Popular, Maracaibo inactive.

4810. 2v PRU R. San Hart in, Tara po to I 000 - 0-100 (- 0700 FRI, SAT, - 0 I 00 SUN)
X4810. 4 EQA LV de Galapagos, Isla San Crisl6bal - 0200 inactiv e.
4815. 0 BOL R. Nacional de Boliv ia, La Paz 0900 - 0300 ( - 0200 SU N) i rregu Ia r .
48 15. 0 BRS R. Difllsora, 1.ondrina 0800 - 0400
X4815 PRU R. Amazonas, Loreto inactive.
4815 . 1 BRS R. Caboc la, Tabatinga 0800 0300
X4815. 4 CLH R. Gualapuri, Val ledupar -0400 inactive.
X48l9. 4 PRU R. La Hora, Cusco dr i fl ed from 4859 . 8kllz.
X4819. 7v EQA R.difusora Paz y Bien, Ambalo 0900 - 1430, 1700- 0200 inactive.

4820. 2 !IND LV Evangel ica, Tegucigalpa 1045 - 0500

4820. 8 PRU R. Atahualpa, Cajamarca 0900 - 0500 (1000- SAT,SUN)
4824. 5v PRU LV de la Selva, Iquitos 0900 - 0300 (I 030- SUN)
4824. 9 BRS R. Can~ao Nova, Cachoeira Paul i sla 0800 - 0300 I / - 6 I 05. 0, 9675 . Okllz .
4825. 0 BRS R. Educadora, Braga n~• 0830 - 0200
H825 CLH RCN Narifio , Pasto inactiv e .
*4825 PRU R. Hoquegua, Hoquegua
4825. 4 GTH R. Ham, Cabr i can 1300 - 1700, 2000- 2330 Ham.
4826. 3v PRU R. Sicuani, Sicuani 1000 - 0300 SP/QU.

4830 . 0 BOL R. Gr igota.. Santa Cruz de la Sierra I 000 - I 830, 2200- 0030
4830. 0 VEN R. Tach i ra, San Cris l6ba I I 000 - 0400
4830. 3 PRU ~staci6n Sivia, lluanta 0900 -0110
4830. 9 PRU Di f usora Radio Huanta, Huanta 0900 - 0300 cf. 4889. 7kllz.
483 l. 4v CTR R. Re !oj, San Jos e 24h / / - 6005. 6kllz.
4834. 8 PRU R. Marafi6n, Jaen ll00 - 0200 (1200 SUN)
H 835 CLH R. Buenaventura , Bu enaventura i nact. i ve.
X4835 CLH (R. Tamboral, Rio Sucio)
4835. 2 GTH R. Tezu lutlan, Caban 1050- 1600, 2045 - 0400 // - 3370. Okflz .
X4837. 6 BRS R. Atalaia, Co r umba ina c tive.
X4839. 5 CTR R. Reloj, San Jose dr i fled from 4832. OkHz.
 -11-
4840. 0 EQA R. lnteroceanica, Santa Rosa de Quijos 1100 - 1500, 2200- 0200 SP/QU,
4840. 0 PRU R. Andahuay las, Andahuay las 1000- 0300 SP/QU.
4840. I VEN R. Va lera, Valera 0900 - 0400
484 4. 5 GTM R.K'ekchi', Fray Bartolome de las Casas 1100- 1700, 2100- 0300 (1200 - 1500, 2100 - 0200 SUN)
\ SP/K ' ekchi' .
4845. 0 BRS R. Cabocla, Hanaus 0800 - 0300
4845. 0 BRS R.Meteorologia Paulista, lbilinga 080G · 2300
X4845 HND R. San Isidro, La Ceiba inactive.
4845. I CLM CARACOL, Bucaramanga 1000- 0400 irregu l ar . ex. R. Bucaramanga.
4845. 2 BOL R. Fides, La Paz 1000- 0300 ( - 0530 rnl,SAT, 1230- 0000 SUN)
\ SP/AY. //- 6155. lkllz.
X4849. 6 CTR R. Co I umb ia, San Jose inactive.

4850 DOM R.Clarin, Santo Domingo 0900 - 0500 i rrcgu l ar.

*4850 PRU R. Amauta, Cusco
X4850 . 0 VEN R. Capital, Caracas 0900 - 0500 (24 h SAT, SUN) inactive.
X4850. 2 PRU R. Cho ta, Cho la QSY lo 4890. 4kHz.
4850. 6 EQA R. Luz y Vida , Loja 1000 - 0300 ( - 0400 SAT, - 0700 SUN)
4855. 0 BRS R. Aruana, Barra do Gar~as 0800- 0300
X4855 BRS R. Por Um Mundo Melhor, Governador Valada res 0900-0300 inactive .
X4855 CLM R. Ne iva, Neiva inactive.
4855 . l BOL R. Cenlenario La Nueva, Santa Cruz de la Sierra 0900 - 0200 (- 2300 SAT, SUN) SP/QU/AY.
4855 . 6 PRU R. Pampas, Pampas 0930 0300
4855. 7 PR U R. La Hora, Cusco 1000 - 0 I 00
X4856. 8 BOL R. El Condor, Uyuni 1030 -0300 ina cti ve .
X4859. 7v PRU R. Nay I amp, Lambayeque QSY lo 4530kHz .
X4859. 8v PRU R. La Hora, Cusco drifted from 4977. 3kH z.
4859. 9 VEN R. Maracaibo, Maracaibo 0900 - 0100 irreg ula r.

!4860 PRU R.Ca ll ao, Callao i nactive.

X4860. 0 PRU R. Chin chaycocha, Jun in 1000 - 0400 inac tiv e.
X4860 PRU R. Come re ia I Educat i va , La Peca J 300 - 0300 i nactive.
!4860 PRU R. La Oroya, La Oroya i nactive.
4863.8v BOL R. 16 de Ma r zo, Hi na Bolivar 1000 - 0100 ( -2300 SAT.SUN)
*4865 BRS R. Al vorada, Lond rina
X4865 BRS R. Funda~ao, Fe ir a de Santana ina ct iv e.
4865. I CLM LV del Cinaruco, Arauca 0900 - 0400 ( - 0200 SUN)
4865 . 4 BRS R. Ve rd es Floreslas, Cruzeiro do Su l 1000- 0300
X4869. 9 EQA (R. Rio Amazonas, Macuma)

4870 NCG R. Miskut , Puerto Cabezas

!4870 VEN R.T ropica l, Caracas ina ctive.
4870. 7 PRU Em i sora Cos mos, Li rcay 1000- 0430
4875. 0 BRS R. Difus ora de Roraima, Boa Vista 24 h
4875. Iv BOL R. La Cruz de! Sur, La Paz 0900 - 0030 (1145- 2200 SAT, 0900-0300 SUN)
X4875. 2 CLM LV de! Norte, Cucuta inact i ve. \ QU/AY/SP.
4876 PRU R. Central, Bel lavisla 1100- 0500 cf. 4920. 9kHz.

4881. 4 PRU R. Nuevo Mundo, Puca I )pa I 000 - 0500

4884. 9 BRS R. Caraja, Aniipol is 0730 - 0330
4885. 0 BRS R. Clube do Para, Belem 24h
- 12 -
4885 . 0 BRS R. Di fusora Acreana, Rio Branco 0900 - 0530
4885.0 CLM Ondas de! Mela, Villavicencio 0900 - 0300 Super Net.
4885. 7 BOL R. Sararenda, Cami r i 1000- 0400 irregular.
4889.6 EQA R.Centinela de! Sur, Loja 1100 -0400 (- 0100 SAT.SUN) Alt. 4898.8kllz.
4889. 7v PRU Di fusora Radio Huanta, Huanta 0900 - 0300 AIt. 4830 . 9kflz .

X4890 IIND R.Lux , Olanchito inactive.

4890. 4 PRU R. Chota, Cho ta 2300- 0200
4895. 0 BRS R. Bare, Manaus 0730 - 0300
4895. 0 BRS R. I PB AM, Campo Grande 0800 - 0500
4895. 0 CLM LV de l Rio Arauca, Arauca 0900 -0400 irr egula r .
4895. 0 PRU R. Chanchamayo, Chanchamayo I 000 -0400
4898. 8v EQA R.Centinela del Sur, Loja 1100 - 0400 (- 0100 SAT . SUN) cf. 4889 . 6kHz .
X4899. 7 URG R. Sa rand i, Montevideo 1000- 0400 i nacl ive.
X4899. SU MEX R. Consentida , Mexico

*4900 VEN R. Elorza, Elorza

X4900 VEN R.Ju ventud, Barquisimeto inactive.
4900. I EQA LV de Saquisili, Saquisili 1100 ·2300/0200 irregular.
4902. 4v BOL R. difusora San Ignacio, San Ignacio de Moxos 1030-0000 SP/Moxo.
4905. 0 BRS R. Anhanguera, Araguaina 0300 - 0300
X4905 CLM Emisoras Atliintico, Barranqui I la inactive.
X4905 PRU R.Cobriza 2000 , Mina Cobriza QSY to 4925. 8kll z.
4905. 2v BRS R. Rel6gio Federal, Rio de Janeiro 0730 - 0330 Alt. 4918. 3kllz.
4908 . 0 PRU R. Tawant insuyo, Cusco 1000- 0200 //- 6173. 8kHz.

X49!0 VEN R. Carora, Carora inactive.

4910. 5 IIND LV de la Mosquitia, Puerto Lempira - 0300
X4910.6 PRU R. Libcrtad , Trujillo 1030 - ina c tiv e .
X4910 . 7v PRU R. Tawantinsuyo, Cusco QSY to 4977. 3kflz.
X4910. 8v PRU Di fusora Radio lluanla, lluanta dri fled from 4889. 7kllz.
4910.9 F.QA Emisoras Gran Colombia, Quito l 700 - 1930, ( 14 00 - 2000 SUN) irregular.
4914. 6 PRU R. CORA de! Per,,, Lima 0930 - 0500 ( 1030 SUN)
4915. 0 BRS R. Anhanguera, Goiania 0800 - 0300 //- 11830. Okllz.
4915. 0 BRS R. Di fusora, Macapii 0800 - 0:100
X4915. l CLM Emisoras Armonias del Caqueta, Florencia 1000 -0000 inactive.
4918. 3 BRS R. Rel6gio Federal , Rio de Janeiro 0730 -0330 cf. 4905. 2k llz.
4919.9v EQA R. Qui lo, Qui lo llOO 0500

4920v NCG R. RICA, Managua 1200 - 0200 Tes l tx.

4920. 9v PRU R. Central, Bel lavista 1100 - 0500 AIt . 4876kllz . SP.
4921.9 PRU R. Superior, Juanjui
4924. Iv PRU Ondas de! Tit icaca, Puno 1030- 0300 QU/ AY.
X4924. 4 BOL R. Cos mos, Cochabamba QSY lo 6094. 3kHz.
4925. 0 BRS R. Difusora, Taubate 0700 - 0300
X4925 BRS R. Doragao do Mar, Fortaleza inactive.
4925. 0 CLM Emisora Neridiano 70 , Arauca 1000 -0300 irregular.
4925. 8 PRU R.Cobri za 2000, Mina Cobriza 1000 - 1400
4929. 9 HT! R. 4 VE H, Cap. HaHien Local Sunrise- 1400, 2000 - 2300 FR/Cr eole/SP.
 - 13 -
4930 OOM R. Bara hona , Barahona 0900 - 0400
X4930 EQA R.Casa de la Cultura , Quito inactive.
X4935. 0 BOL (R. CORD EC Ii, Monteagudo)
4935. 0 BRS R.Ca pixaba, Vitoria 24h
4935. 0 BRS R. Di fusora, Ja ta i 0900 - 0300
&4 935 CLM RCN, Villavicencio inactiv e .
4935. 1 PRU R. Tropi ca l, Tarapoto 0930 0400 ( 1100- SUN)
4938 BOL R. Nor te, Monte ro
4939. 6 VEN R. Continental, Barinas 0900 - 0400
X4939. 8 VEN R. Yaracuy, San Fe! ipe I 000 -G400 inactive.

X4940 EQA R. Nacional de! Ecuador, Quito i nae ti ve.

X4940 PRU R. San Juan , Tarma inactive.
X494J. 8v PRU R. Abancay, Abancay QSY to 6325. 7kHz.
4944. 3v BRS R. Emisso ra Rural, Petrol ina 0800 - 0300
4944. 9 BRS R. Di fusora, Po~os de Caldas 0800 - 0200/0400
4945. 0 BOL R.lllima ni, La Paz 1000 - 0500 SP/QU/AY. // -6025. OkHz .
4945. 0 BRS R. Progresso, Porto Ve! ho 0900 - 0400
*4945 PRU R. Mode ma, Cajamarca
4945 URG LV de Artigas, Artigas 0900 ·· 0300 (Weekenrls)
X4945.3 CI.M CARACOI., Neiva 24 h inactive.
4949 . 9v PRU R. Madre de Dios, Puerto Maldonado I 100- 0200

4950 EQA R.Baha' i, Otavalo 1200 - 1500, 0000- 0200 SP/QU.

X4954. 9 BRS R. Clube, Rondon6pol is 0800 - 0300 i nact i VP.,
4955. 0 BRS R. Cu I tura, Campos 0700 0330
4955. 0 BRS R. Marajoa ra, Belem 0800 - 0300
'4955 CLM R. difu sora Nacional, Santa Fe de 8ogotii i n~.ct i ve.
4955. 0 PRU R. Cu I tura I Amauta, Huanta I 000 -0 I 00 SP/QU.

4960. 7v PRU R. La Me r ced, La Merc ed II 00 -0400

4960. 9v EQA R. Federaci6n , Sucua 1100- 1300, 2100- 0100 SP/Shuar. //- 3360. l kHz.
4964.5v BOL R.Juan XXII I , San Ignacio de Velasco 1000- 1430, 1930- 0000
4964. 5 BRS R. Alvorada, Parintins 0900 - 0200
X4964. 6 HON R. Land ia, Comayagua ina ct ive.
X4965. 0 BRS R. Poli, Natal 0730 -0400 ina c tive.
4965. I CLM R. Santa Fe, Santa Fe de Bogota 1030 ·1200, 2300- 0400 i rrcgu lar.
4965. 8v PRU R. San Mi gue I, Cusco 0930 - 0300 SP/QU .

X4970. 0 URG R.Cri s tal, Las Piedras ina ct ive.

4970. 3v PRU R. Imag en, Tara po to 1000 -0500 (24h SUN)
4970. 5 VEN R. Rumbas, Caracas 24h / / - 9660 . 8kHz.
X4970. 9 EQA R.difusora Tarqui, Quito 1045 - 1400, 0000 - 0400 inactive.
X4974.·8 BOL R. Maria Auxi I iadora, Montero 1000 - 0200 (IO I 5- 0110 SAT , 1200- 0030 SUN)
4974. 9 PRU R.del Pacifico, Li ma 2300 - 0430 cf. 9675 . OkHz.
4975. 0 RRS R. Tupi, Siio Pau Io 24h //-332 4. 8kHz.
X4975 CLM An tena 2 RCN, Cucuta inactive.
4976. Ov BRS R. Timbira do Maranhiio, Siio Lu i z 0800 - 0300
X4977 . I PRU R. La Hora, Cusco QSY to 4859. 8kHz.
-14-
X4977. 3 PRU R. Tawanlinsuyo, Cusco drifted from 4910. 7vkHz.
4979. Ov CI.M Ondas del Orteguaza, Florencia 1000 - 7300 (1100- SUN)
X4979. 9 BOL R. Batal Ion Topater, Oruro 1000 - 0400 inactive.

*4980 DOM R. 01 impica Internacional, La Vega

4980. 0 VEN Ecos del Tor bes , San Cr i stoba I 0~00-0400 //-9640. OkHz.
X4980. 6 EQA Ondas Azuayas, Cuenca inactiv e.
X4982. 3v BOL R. di fusora Miner ia, Oruro ctr i fted lo 4986. 7kHz.
4985. Ov BRS R. Bras i I Central , Goiania 24h //-118 14. 9kHz.
&4 985 CLM R. di fu sora Nae i ona I. San ta Fe de Bogota i nact i vc.
4986. 7 BOL R.difusora Mineria, Oruro 1000 - 1430, 2030- 0200 (1000 - 0000 Weekends)
X4986 . 8v B01. (R. Horizonte, Ribera! la)

X4990. I EQA R. Baha'i. Otavalo QSY to 4950kHz.

4990. 9v PRU R. Ancash, Huaraz 0950 - 0400
4991. 1 BOL R. Animas, Chocaya 1030- 1830, 2100- 0100
4995. 8 PRU R. Andina, Huancayo 0900 - 0400 QU/SP.

5004. 8v BOL R. Li bertad, La Paz 0955 - 0400 (I 055- 0500 SAT)

5005. 7 SUR R. Apinti, Paramaribo 0800 - 0400

X5010 BOL R.Liloral, Ll ica - 0300 inact ive.

&5010 CLM R. Surco lombiana, Neiva ina c tive.
5010 PRU R. llor i zonte, Chachapoyas II 00 - 0200
*5010 VEN R. Al Lo Llano, Sa nta Barbara 24 h
5010 . 2v EQA i:scuelas Radiofonicas Populares, Riobamba 0900-1400, 2100- 0200 SP/QU.
X5012. I PRU R. Eco, Iquitos QSY to 5097.3kHz.
5014. 9 BRS R. Bras i I Tropical, Cuiaba 24h
X5014. 9 EQA Escuelas Radiofonicas Populares, Riobamba drifted to 5010.2vkHz.
5015 BRS R. Copacabana, Rio de Janeiro 24h
5015. 0 BRS R.Pioneira, Teresina 0800-0300
X50 15 PRU R.Juliaca, Juliaca inactive.
X5015. 5v PRU R. Noyobamba, Moy obamha 1100-0300/0430 inactive.
5015 .6 PRU Ks tac i 6n Tarapoto, Tarapoto I 000 - 0400 drifted 5014. 7-5015.6kHz.
X5019.lv VEN R. Nacional de Vene zuela, Peraza 1000-0400 inactive.
50 19. 8 EQA Voz de I Upano, Macas 1100- 0300 / / -5010. I kHz.
5019 . 9 CLM Ecos de I Atra to, Qui bdo 1000 - 0400

X5020 PRU R.San Cristobal, Huamanga inactive.

X5020. 3 BOL R. Cuarto Centenario, Tupiza inactive.
X5025 BOL R. Li tora I, Cochaba mba 1100 - 0000 inactive.
X5025 BRS R.Morimoto, Ji - Parana inactive.
5025.0v CUB R. Rebelde, La Julia 1000 - 0400 //- 3365. 7kHz .
5025. 0 PRU R. Qui I labamba, Qui I labamba 1000 · 0300 (!JOO- SUN)
X5025 . I BRS R. Borborema, Campina Grande 0800 - 0430 inactive.
5025. 4 BRS R. Jorna I da Transamazon i ca , AI tami ra 0900 - 0200
X5025. 7 EQA R. Sp lend it, Cuenca ina c tive.

5030 CTR R. Lira Internacional, Cahuita 0100 - 0500

5030.0 EQU R.Catolica Nacional, Quito 1030 - 1400, 2200 - 0300 (1100 - SUN)
5030 VEN R. Continente, Ca racas
 -15-
5030. 6v PRU R. Imperi o, lluamachuco via R. Los Andes .
5030. 6v PRU R. Los Andes, lluama chuco 1I 00 - 0200
5035. 0 BRS R. Apar ec ida, Aparecida 0800 - 0300 (0900 - SUN) / / - 6135 . 0, 9630. 0,
5035 BRS R. Educa~ao Rura I, Coar i 0900 - 023 0 \11854. 9kHz.
X5035 CLM RCN Caqu ela, FI orenc ia inactive .
5035 PRU R.Ayaviri , Ayaviri I 000 - 0300 cf. 4606. 6kHz.
X5035 PRU R. Moyo bamba, Moyombamba drift ed f ro m 5015. 5kll z.
5039. 2 PRU R. Liberlad de Jun in, Jun in 1000- 0325
5039. 8 VEN R. Maturin, Halurin 0900 - 0400 i rregu I ar .

X5040 CLM R. Cinco, Vi I la vi ce ncio inac tive.

5040. I EQA Voz de I Upano, Hacas 1100- 0300 cf. 5019. 8, 5965. 0, 5999 . 3kHz.
5040. 7 GTM LV de Na hual a, Nahua la 1100- 1400. 2100- 0300 (1900 - SU N) // - 3360. OkHz.
X5044v PRU R. Onda [operial, Cusco 1300 -0300 SP/QU. inactive.
5044. 9 BOL R.difusoras Alt iplano, La Paz 1030- 235 5 SP/ AY.
5045. 0 BRS R. Cu I Lura do Para, Be l em 0800 - 0300
5045 BRS R. Di fusora, Pres id ente Prudente 0800 - 0400
15045 EQA Ondas Ca iiar i s , Azogues ina c tiv e .
5045 . I PRU R. Ri oja, Rioja 1000- 0400
X5046. I PRU R. Mundo, Cusco QSY to 5082. 4kH z.
X5049.l VEN R. Mundia l , Ca racas - 0600 ina ct iv e .
X5049.5 PRU R.Ri oja, Rioja drift ed fr om 5045 . !kH z.
5049.9 EQA Emisoras Jesus de ! Gran Poder , Quito 0945 - 1500 , 2300- 0100

5050. 1 CLH LV de! Yopal, Yopal 0900 - 0200 i rregu I ar.

5050 . 4 PRU R. Mun icipal, Cangallo 1000 - 1400, 2330- 0330
*5055 BOL R. San Rafae l, Cochaba ■ ba

5055. 0 BRS R. Difnsora. Cace res 0800 - 0400

X5055 BRS R. J oma! A Cri tica, Manaus 1000 - 0400 i nact i vc.
X5055. 0 EQA R.Cat6 li ca Hacio na l de! Ecuado r, Quito QSY to 5030. Okllz.
5055. I CTR Faro de! Car i be, San Jos e 1000- 2000, 2300 - 0600 // -6175. Okflz.
X5055. 2 PRU R. Onda Impe r i a I, Cusco QSY to 5044vkllz.
5055. 8 GUF R. F. 0. Guyane, Caye nn e 24h FR. / / - 3385. OkH z.
5058. 9v PRU R. Li rcay , Li rcay 1100- 0300

X5 060 CUB R.Rebe ld e, La Julia test tx.

X5 060 PRU R. Amazonas, lqu i tos inactiv e.
5062. 8v EQA R. Hacional Progreso, Loja 1000- 0300 drifted 5059. 0- 5067. 4kHz.
5066. 9 PRU Ondas de! Sur Oriente, Qui I laba1ba
5067 PRU Emisora Chavez de! Peru, Arequipa - 0300
X5 075 CLM CARA COL, San ta Fe de Bogota 24 h inactive.
5081 PRU R. Huayabamba , Huayabamba
5083. Ov PRU R. Mundo, Cusco 0900 - 0100 SP / QU .
X5084. 7 PRU R.Cele ndin, Ce lend in 2300 - 0500 inactive.
X509 5. 0 CLH CARA COL, San ta Fe de Bogota 0900 · 0500 ina c tiv e .
5097. 3 PR U R. Eco, lqu i tos I 000 ·0400

X5 121 PRU R. Mund o, Cusco QSY lo 5046 . 1kHz.

5131.4v PRU R. Visi6n, Juanjui -0230
- 16-
5146. 9 PRU R. Q FH 96. 4, T ingo Har ia 1100- 0500 i rregu Iar.
X5147. Iv PRU R. Estrella, Huanuco 1000 - 0300 (llOO- SUN) inac tiv e
5156. 2 BOL R. Galaxia, Guayara•erin 1000- 0300
X5159. 5 BOL R. Galaxia, Guayarame rin QSY to 4530kHz .
X5160 PRU R. Nu evo Continente, Cajamarca l 000 - 0500 inactive.
X5165 PRU R. Es tr e lla, Huanuco dri[ted [rom 5147. lHz.
5186. 8 PRU R. Onda Popu I ar, Bambamar ca 2300 - 0500
X5190 PRU R. Nuevo Co ntin ente, Cajamarca QSY t o 5160kHz.

5204. Ov PRU R. Pi lcomoto, Cauri I 100- 0300

X5217v BOL (R. di rus ora Tarabuc o. Tarabuc o)
5235. 5 PRU R. Sa n Antonio de Pauda. Arequipa 1000- 1100, 1700- 1800, 0000 - 0100
5263 PRU R. Es t acio n '"A'". S6cota
5271. 9v PRU R. Nor Oriental, Huaya bamba 1200 - 0300
X5274. 4 PRU (R. Sa n Juan, Chota)
X5275. 4v PRU R. Onda Popular, Bambamarca QSY to 5186. 8kHz.
X5277. 6v PRU R. Grau, Huan ca bamba I 000 - 0500 inactive.

5313. I PRU R. Ata I aya, Ata laya 2300 - 0300

5323. 5 PRU R.Origen, Huancavelica 1100·· 0100
5340 . 0 PRU R. LV de los Andes, San Miguel de Pal Jaques ll45 - 0300
X5353. 0 CLH F.cos de! Putumayo, Pue rto Asis inactive.
5355v PRU LV de Pomabamba, Pomabamba 0000 - 0300
5419. 2 PRU R. Sonora ma, Saposoa 2300 c0300
544 5. Ov PRU R. Al to llua ll aga, Uchiza 1100- 2300
X5450. 6 BOL R. Ma ch upo, San Ramon de la Ribera inac tiv e.
X5452v PRU R. Vision. Juanjui QSY to 5131.4kHz.
X5455v PRU R. Cute rv o, Cuterv o dr i rted from 6690. 9kHz.
X5488v PRU (R. San Francisco, Ba mbamarca)

5505 . 4v BOL R. Emi sora 2 de ~· eb r ero. Rurr enabaquc 1200 - 150 0, 2130- 0300
X5533. 2v CLM It Nueva Vida, Ti bU QSY to 5567vkHz.
5535. 5 CLM Ecos Ce les tiales, Mede l I in 1000 - 1230, 0200- 0400
5538. 7 PRU R. Frec ue nc ia Modular , Ce le nd in 2300 - 0400
X5555 CLH LV de Va 11 e, Si bundoy inact ive.
5560v NCC R. Mi s kut, Puerto Cabezas - 0000
5567. Iv CLH R. Nueva Vida, Tibti I 030 - 1330 , 2300 - 0200
X5580. 2 BOL R. San J ose, San Jose de Ch iqu i tos ina ct iv e .
5619. 3v PRU R.Ilucan. Cutervo 1120- 0120 (SUN Only)
5643 PRU R. Bambamarca, Bambamar ca
X5656. 7 PRU R. Bamba11ar ca , Bambamarca d r i rt ed t o 5643kH z.
5660. 5v PRU R. LV de Cutervo, Cutervo 1130 - 0330
5699. 9 PRU R. Frecuencia San Ignacio, San Ignacio 2330 - 0400

X5710 PRU R. Sa n Mi guel Ar cangel, San Mi gue l de Pa l laq ues drifted rrom 5719 . 4kllz.
5719. 4 PRU R. Sa n Mi gue I Arcange I, San Migue I de Pa I laques
X57 19. 8 PRU R. Hori zo ntes, Caramor i za ina c tiv e.
5799. 8v PRU R. Nuevo Cajama rca, Nueva Cajamarca 1100- 1500 , 1800- 0200 ( ll50 - 0 l 00 SUN)
X5800.6 PRU R. Fr ec ue nc ia San Ignac io, San Ignacio QSY to 5700.3kHz.
 -17-
5816. 0 PRU LV de I AIt i p la no, Puno I 000 -0400
5824. 9 PRU R. Comercial Cosmos, Bambamarca 2300 - 0300
5825 CHL R. Triunfal Evangel ica, Santiago 2300 - 0300 (except THU )
5835. 3 PRU R. Tinajani, Ayav ir i 2300 - 0030
X5895. 4 PRU R. Hispana, Arequipa 0900 - 0300 (SAT , SUN) inactive.

X5910 BOL (R. El Espectador, Potosi)

X5925 BOL R. Centinela, Tupiza 1100 - 2200 i n;i ctiv e.
X5930 CLM R. di fusora Nae i ona I, San ta Fe de Bogota in act i ve.
5935v PRG R. Gua i ra, Vi 11 ar i ca 0900 - 1800 i rr eg u I ar.
X5936v CLM Brisas de Orinoco, Puerto Ca rr eno inactive.
X5942 . 9v BOL R. Centinela, Tupiza QSY to 5925kHz.
5948 . 2v BOL Emisoras Pio XII, Sig l o XX 0900 - 0400 (1000 - SUN) SP/QU/AY.
X5948 . 7 NCG R. Ni caragua, Managua

X5950 EQA R. Cuenca, Cuenca 1100- 1400, 1700- 2000 inactive.

5950. 0 GUB Guyana Broadcasting Corp. , Georgetown 0800 - 0200 EG.
5951. 4v PRU R. Arequipa, Arequipa 1100- 0400
5953 . 5v CTR R. Casino, Limon I 030 - 0600 SP/EG.
X5953 . 8v BO!. Emisorus Pio XII, Siglo XX QSY to 5948. 2v kHz.
5955 . 0 BRS R. Gaze ta , Sao Paulo 24 h
5955. 0 CLM CARACOL, Vi I lavicencio 0900 -0500 Pr, LV de los Centauros.
5955. 3 PRU R. lluancayo, Huancayo 24h
5955.5 GTM R.Cultural, Guateaala 1000 -0730 //- 3300. Okllz. i rregu tar. SP/ EG .
X5955,4 DOM (R. Antillas, Santo Domingo)

5964. 7v BOL R. Naciona l, Huanuni 0930 - 0300 (I 100- SUN) SP/AY .

5965.0 BRS R. Transamerica , Santa Maria I 000 - 2200
5965. 0 EQA Voz de I Upano, Macas 1100 0300 cf. 5019. 8, 5040. I, 5999. 3kllz.
5970.0 BRS R. Itatiaia, Belo Horizonte 0800 2200 //- 4805kHz .
5970 NCG R.Miskut , Puerto Cabezas 11 00 - 2330
5970. 0 PRU R. El Sol, Lima 0930 -0530 irregu l ar.
X5973. I PRU R. Melodia, Arequipa dr i rt ed rrom 5995. lkllz .
X5974v BOL R. Nac iona l, Cochabamba I 000 - 1500, 2000- 2330 (1200 - 2200 SUN) i nae Live.
5975 . I CLM R. Macarena, Vi I !av icencio 24h (II 00 - 0200 SUN)
X5978. 9 PRU R. Programas del Peru, Lima I 000 -0500 i nacl i ve .

*5980 EQA R. Federacion, Sucua

5980. I v BRS R. Guaru,ia, Florianopol is 0900 - 03fl0
/ (1155- 1500, 2255 - 0320 FRI ,
5981. 5v GTM Union Radio (AWR), Guatemala 11 55 - 1500 , 2355 - 0205 I 055- 1500, 2355 - 0200 SAT,
X5982. Ov MEX Canal Libre Internacional, Linares inact ive.\ 1155- 1415, 2240 -0145 SUN)

X5985.0 BOL R.San Jose, Distrito Minero de San Jose inactive.

X5985 CLM R. Oifusora Nacional. Santa Fe de Bogota i nact i ve.
5985. 0 ME X R.Mexico Internacional , Mexico 1300- 1700 //- 11769. lk llz.
X5990 BRS R. MEC, Rio de Janeiro inactive.
X5990. 2 ARG R. Nae i ona I, Vi edma 1200 - 1600, 2000 - 2300 inactive.
X599 1. 5 CLM LV del Ariari, Granada II 00 - 0430 inactive.
5995 BOL R. Loyola, Sucre 0930 - 0400 irr egu l ar.
X5995 PRG LV del Amambay, Pedro Juan Caba ll ero ina ctive.
-18-
5995. 2 PRU R. Mel odia, Arequipa 24 h
5999 . Ov NCG R. Nicaragua, Managua
5999. 3 EQA Voz de I Upano, Macas l I 00 - 0300 c f. 5019 . 8, 5040.1, 5965. OkHz .

*6000 BRS R. Boas Novas , Sao Luis

A6000 URG R. Mundo, Montevid eo ina c tive.
A6000 VEN R. Sensac i6n, Caracas ina c tiv e .
6000. 2 BRS R. Guaiba , Porto Al egre 0830 - 0400 //- 11785. Okllz.
X6002. 6 NCG R. Nicaragua, Managua drifted from 5999. Okllz.
X6005. 5v BOL (R. Hori zonte, La Paz)
6005. 6 CTR R. Reloj, San Jose 24h / / - 4831. 4kHz.
6009. 9v MEX R. Mi 1, Mex ico 1200 - 0600 (- 0800 SAT. SUN) irregular.
6010. 2 BRS R. ln confid encia, Belo Hori zo nte 24h
6010. 6 VEN R. Los Andes 1040, Me rida 1200 - 0800
6011. 0 PRU R. Ame rica, Lima 24h irr egular.
6014. 5 PRG Emisoras Paraguay, Asunci6n ll 00 - 1500, 1900- 2300
X6014. 9 NCG R. Ni caragua, Managua inactive.
6015. 2 CLM R. Mira, Tuma co II 00 - 0 l 00 CARACOL Ne t .
6015. 7 BOL R. El Mundo, Santa Cruz de la Sierra 0930 - 0200 (- 0300 SAT, 1000- 0000 SUN)
X6019. 4 BRS R. Educadora da Bahia, Salvador inactive.
6019. 7v MEX La U de Veracr uz, Veracruz ll 30 - 0600

6020. Ov BRS R. Gaucha, Porto Al eg re 24 h

X6020 CHL R. Portal es, . Santiago i nac t i vc.
6020.0 PRU R. Vi ctoria , Lima 1000- 1400, 2300- 0200 irregular.
A6020 VEN R.Anzoliteg ni. Barcelona ina ct ive.
6024. 2v DOM R. Am anecer , Santo Domingo 1000- 0400
6024. 8 PRG R. Nacional del Paraguay, Asunci6n 0800 - 0300 (0930 - SU N) //- 9734. 9kHz.
6025. 0 BOL R. 111 i •an i , La Paz 1000- 0500 SP/AY/QU. // - 494 5. Okflz.
6029. 6 CIIL R. Sant.a Ma ria, Coy haiquc l000 - 0400 (1030- 0200 SUN)
A6030 CLM R.difu so ra Nac iona l, Santa Fe de Rogala inac tive.
6030. 1 BRS R. Globo, Rio de Janeiro 0900 - 0330 //- 1I 805. 4kllz.
X6033. 8 URG La Radio , Mont evid eo 1300- 0500 inactive.
X6035 PRU R. Landa, Areq uipa 0900 - 0400 (1000- SUN) inactive.
6035. 2v CLM LV de! Guaviar e, San Jos e de l Guavi a re 1000- 0500

6040. 5 BRS R.C lube Paranaense, Cur itiba 0800 - 0300

6045. l URG R. lntegrac i6n Ame ri ca, Montevideo 0915 - 0300
6045. 4v PRU R.Santa Rosa, Lima 0950 - 0430 ( - 0410 SAT, - 040 5 SUN) irregul a r.
6045 . 6 CLM R.Melodia, Santa Fe de Bogota 24h irregular.
6046. 5 MEX R. Univer s idad, San Luis Poto s i 1300 - 0500
6050.4v BRS R.Guarani, Belo Hor i zo nte 0800 - 0300
X6055 CLM RCN, Cali inactive.
6055.3 PRU R.Continental, Arequipa 0900 · 0500
6059. 5 CHL R. Unive r sidad, Concepcion I 030 - 0400

6060 ARG RAE, Bu enos Aires

6060. 0 ARG R. Nae i ona I. Bu enos Ai res 0100 - 1100 ( - 1500 SAT.SUN)
6060 . Ov BRS R. Uni ver so, Curitiba 24h // - 9565. OkHz.
 -19-
X606 l. 0 PRU R. JSV, Huanuco 1100- 0100 (1200- 2300 SUN) inactive.
6065. 0 CLM R. Super, Santa Fe de Bogota 24h ir regular.
X6069. 3 BOL R. El Condor, Oruro inactive.
6070.0 BRS R.Capital, Rio de Janeiro 0800 - 0300
6073v ARG R. Provincia de Santa Cruz, Rio Gal !egos
X6075 CHL R. Hineria, Santiago inactive.
6075. 0 CLH CARACOL, Santa Fe de Bogota 0900 - 0500 (24h SAT, SIIN)
X6075v CTR R. Rumbo, Cartago 1100 - 0530 inactive.
6075. 0 HND LV de! Junco, Santa Barbara I I 00 - 0430
6075.8 URG R.Bella Union, Bella Union via J.V de Art igas.
6075. 8 URG R. Continental, Montevideo via LV de Art igas .
6076.0v IIRG LV de Artigas, Artigas 1100- 1500 irreg u lar.
X6078.8v BOL R.San Gabriel, La Paz drifted to 6084 . 8vkHz.

6080 BRS R. Anhanguera, Goiania 0800 - 0300 / / - 4915. 0, ll 830. Okl lz.
6080 RRS R. Novas de Paz, Curitiba 0900-0300 // - 9515. OkHz.
X6080.3 CHL R.Patagonia Chilena, Coyhaique 1100-2300 inactive.
6081. 2v BOL R. 21 de Diciembre, Mina Cata vi 1000- 1400, 1530- 1800, 2100 - 0100 (1200- SUN)
6084.8v ROL R.San Gabriel, La Paz 0900 - 1800, 2000- 0200 (1000 - ) SP/AY. irregular.
! 6085 CLH Ecos del Pasto, Pasto inactive.
X6085 CLH Ondas de! Darien, Turbo 1000- 0500 inactive.
6088. 7v CHL R. Esperanza, Temuco 1300- 2000 (also 0300 - 1000 SAT, 1000-0300 SUN)
6089. 9 BRS R. Bandeirantes, Siio Paulo 0700-0500 //- 9645. 0, 11925. 3kHz.
X6090. 0 ARG R. Libertad, Buenos Aires 2100 - 0300 inactive.
X6090 MEX R. Mtisica Roma.ntica, Ciudad Mante 1200- 0400 inactive.
6093 . 1 PRU R. Uni versa 1, Cusco - 0000
X6093. 2 PRU R. Wai ra, Cho ta QSY to 4700kHz.
6094 . 5v BOL R. Cosmos, Cochabamba 1000- 0200 SP/QU .
X6095 CLM LV de! Centro, Espinal inactive .
6098. 7 NCG R. Nicaragua, Managua //- 6002 . 6kHz.

X6100. 0 CIIL R. Ca lama , Ca lama inactive.

6104. 7v BRS R.Cultura, Foz do Jgua~ti 0800 - 2200 irregular.
6105. 0 BRS R. Can~iio Nova, Cachoeira Paul ista 0800 - 0300 //- 4825. 0, 9675. OkHz.
X6105 CLH CARACOL, Medel I in inactive.
6105 CTR R. Univcrsidad de Costa Rica, San Jose 1300- 0400
6105. 2 MEX Tus Panteras, Merida 1300- 0GOO
6105. 5 BOL R. Panamericana, La Paz 0930 - 0500 (1030- 0100 SAT, SUN)
6115. 0 MEX R. Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 1300 - 0715
6115. Ov PRU R. Un ion, Lima 0900 - 0600
6115.8v CLM LV de! Llano, Villavicencio 090D - 0500 (24h SAT, SUN) Super Net.

X6120. 0 ARG R. Nae i ona I, Buenos Ai res 1000-1700 inactive.

6120. 0 BRS R. Globo, Siio Paulo 0900 - 2?,00
X6120. 6 NCG R. Zinica, Bluefields inactive.
X6125 CLM R.Continental, Santa Fe de Bogota i nactive.
X6 130 PRU (R. Los Andes, Pampas)
X6130 VEN R. Va 11 es de I Tuy, Ocumare de I Tuy inactive.
6135. 0 801. R. Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz de la Sierra 0900 - 0100 (1000 - 2200 SUN) SP/QU.
-20-
6135. Ov BRS R. Apa rec ida, Apa rec ida 0800 - 0300 (0900- SUN) //- 5035. 0, 9630. 0,
CflL R. Uni vers i dad, Conccpc i6n \11854 . 9kHz.
X6135. 0 QSY to 6059 . 5kHz.

6140. 0 BOL R.emisora Luis de Fuentes, Tari ja 0930 - 1300, 1600- 1800 , 2200 - 0200
16140 CLM An tena 2 RCN. Cali inactive.
6140. 0 PRU R. Huay I lay, Huay I lay 1100- 0500
6140. 0 URG R. Monte Carlo, Monte video 1000- 1630
6140. 0 URG R.Ori ental, Montevideo 1000- 1630
6141. Ov PRU R. Concordia, Arequipa 0900 - 2200 c f. 9580. Okllz.
X6l44.8v PRU R. Concordia, Arequipa drifted to 6141 vkHz.
X6149. 9 PRU R. Concordia, Ar equipa drifted to 6144. 8kHz.
16145 CLM RCN Cauca, Popaylin inactive.
6150. 0 BRS R. Record, Sao Paulo 1000- 2200 cf. 9505. o. 15134 . 8kHz.
6150. 0 CLM CARACOL, Bandera 24h
6150 CTR R. Lira Internacional, Cahu i t a 0100 - 0500
161 50 VEN R. Armon i a, Chara I lave inactive.
X6l54. 6 HT! R. Citade l le, Cap Haitien 0800 - 0400 inactive.
6154. 8 PRU R. Puca 11 pa, Puca I I pa 1030- 0500
6155. I BOL R. Fides, La Paz 1000- 0300 (- 0600 SAT, 1230 -0000 SUN)
\SP/AY . //- 4845. 2kHz.
X6160 BRS R. Nova Esperan~a. Porto AI eg re 0800 - 0300 inactive.
6160 BRS R. Rio Har, Manaus 0800 - 2200
6160. 0 CLM RCN, San ta Fe de Bogota 24h
6160. 7 ARG R. Ma largtie, .Malargtie 24h i rregu 1ar.
X6 161. 6 NCG R. Sandi no, Managua in ac tive .
6165. 0 MEX LV de la Ame rica Latina, Mexico ?.4h //- 9515 . Okllz . irregular.
6170. 0 BRS R. Cu I Lura, Sao Paulo 0800 - 0400 //- 9614 . 9, 17814. 9kHz.
6170 GUF R. F. 0. Guyanc, Cayenne
6170. I CLM LV de la Selva, Flor encia onoo -0400 Caraco I Ne t.
6173 . 8v PRU R. Ta want i nsuyo, Cusco 0950 - 0300 SP/QU. c f. 4908. OkHz.
X6l 75 BOL R. I ndoamer i ca, Potosi I 000 - 0000 inactive.
6175. 0 CTR Faro de! Caribe , San Jose 1030 - 1600 / / - 5055. Okllz.
X6l78.2 ARG R. Nacional, Mendoza 24 h ina ct ive.

6180 . 0v BRS R. Nacional da Amaz6nia, Brasi lia 0855 - 0200 I / - 11780. OkHz.
X6180 Cl,M R.difusora Naciona l, Santa Fe ~e Bogota inactive.
X6180. 0 GTM !.V de Guatemala, Gua te rna la i nactive.
X6180 VEN R. Turi srno, Valera inactive.
X6 185 BOL R. Ba ta! Ion Col orados , La Paz ll 00 - 1400, 2300- 0200 inactive. SP/AY.
6185. 0 MEX R. Educac i6n, Mexi co 24h
6188. 2v PRU R. Or ient e, Yur imaguas 0900 - 0300 (- 0400 SAT, 1000- 0400 SUN)
*6190 DOM R. 01 i mpi ca Internacional, La Vega
6191. 6 PRU R. Cusco, Cusco 0945 - 0300 SP/OU .
X6 194. 7 BOL R. Hetropo Ii tana, La Paz inactive.
161 95 CLM La Voz de Ca li, Cali inactive.
X6 199. 8 NCG R. Sandi no , Managua QSY to 6161. 6kHz.

6200. 3v PRU LV de Huarnanga , Ayacucho 0930 - 0300 SP/QU.

X6215 DOM R. Discovery, Santo Domingo cf. 6245kHz. inactive.
 -21-
6242. 8 PRU R. Muni cipa l. Cal ca I 000 - 1330, 2300- 0430
X6245 DOM R. Di scovery , Santo Domingo QSY t.o 15045kHz.
6245- 63l5v XXX R. Patria Libre 1130 - 1215, 0030- 0015
6250v BRS R. Possense, Santo Antonio de Posse
X6260 PRU R. Saposoa, Saposoa - 0330 inactive.
X6260. 4 PRU R. Melodia , Arequipa drifted from 5995. 2kHz.
6261. Ov PRU R. Juan ju i, Juanjui 1100- 0300
X6262. I PRU R. Comercial, Cho ta ina c tiv e .
6720- 6795v XXX R. Patria Libre I I 20 - , - 0100
6280. 9 PRU R. Huanca bamba, Huancabamba 1400 - 0300
X6290 DOM R. Discovery, Santo Domingo r.f. 6245kHz.
X6297. Iv PRU R. Chota, Cho ta QSY to 4850. 2kHz.
6299. 4 IIND Sani Radio, Puerto L e ■ pi ra 1200- 1600. ?.200- 0000

6300. 0 SLV R. Venceremos, San Sa I vador 0000 - 0400. 1200- 1500

6303. 9 PRU R. Acari, Acar i 2300 - 0400
6305. Ov XXX LV del CID , R. Cami lo Cienfuegos 0530-1200 c f. 9941. 6kllz.
6323. 6v PRU Estacion C La Radio, Moyobamba 1030- 0200
6325. 7 PRU R. Abancay, Abancay 1000- 0300
X6326. 6 BOL (R. Emisora 27 de Julio, Huanuni)
X6336. 8v PRU (R. Frecuencia Cultural, Llapa)
X6348. 5 PRU R. Utcubaraba, Bagua Grande 0000 - 0300 ina ct iv e .
X6350. I CLM LV de Samaniego, Samaniego 2300 - ina cti ve.
X6363 PRU (R. Hua I laga, Saposoa)

X6428. 8 PRU R. Espinar, Espinar inactiv e .

6512. 6U ARG R. Pr ov incia de Buenos Ai res , Buenos Ai res
X6520 . 7 PRU R. Espinar, Rspinar QSY to 6428. 8kHz.
65401l EQA Ecos del Oriente, Lago Agr io 3270kHz X 2.
6545v PRU R. Tradici6n, Huanta l000 - 0000 drift ed 6531. 4- 6601. 4kHz .
6560. 4H PRU Estaci6n Wari, Ayacucho 3280. 2kHz X 2.
657011 BLZ R. Be Ii ze, Belmopan 3285. OkHz X 2.
6571. 4v PRU R. Tacna, Tacna 1800- 1900 (MON - FR[)
6579. 7v EQA R. Ca tacocha, Catacocha SUN Only.
6580fl EQA R. Centro, Ambato 3290kHz x 2.
X6580 . 8 EQA R. Omega, Guachanama ina ct iv e .

6628. 1 PRU LV de San An ton i o, Bambamarca

X6655 PRU (R. Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz)
X6666. 7 PRU (R. Jepelacio, Jepelacio)
6670. 2v PRU R. Santa M.6n i ca, Santiago de Chuco JI 00 - 2300 (-0220 SAT.SUN)
X6675 BOL R.Pedro Domingo Murillo, Qui 111e inactive.
6690. 9 PRU R. Cutervo, Cutervo 1110- 0100
6700 SLV R. Vencer emos , San Sa I vador
6700v SLV R. Farabu ndo Marti, San Jose las Flores
6720H GTM LV de Nahua la, Nahuala 3360kllz x 2.
6724. 4v PRU R Sate Ii te. Santa Cr uz 2300 - 0330
6734. 9H CUB R. Rebe Id e, La Habana 3366. 5kHz x 2.
6740 SLV R. Ven cer emos, San Sa I vador
-22-
6750 SLV R. Venceremos, San Salvador - 0315
6753 XXX R. Patria Libre 0030 - 0 I 15
6753. 8 MEX R. Consent i da, Mexico
6754. 7v PRU R. La Merced , Tongod 2300 -0300
X6771 PRU (R. Estrella Polar, San Miguel de Pal laques)
6780 PRU R. Ti gre, Sorochuco 2200 - 0300
6781. 8 PRU R. LV de la Esperanza, Cajamarca II 00 - 0100
X679I. 7v PRU R. Sensacion, Huancabamba QSY to 6895. 2kH z.

6803. 3v PRU Ondas de I Mayo , Nueva Cajamarca 1000- 0200

X68 15.6v CHL R. Esperanza, La Reina QSY to 6850kHz.
6815.6 PRU R.Universo, Pandalle 2200 - 0300 (Sun on I y)
6850v CHL R. Esperanza, La Reina 2230 -0300 (FRI), 1200- 1400 (SAT, SUN)
6851.6 PRU R. Cultural Cai lloma, Cailloma 2200 - 0 I 00
6858. 7 PRU R. Cajabamba, Cajabamba 2300 - 0 I 30
6895. 2 PRU R. Sen sac ion, Huancabamba 1100- 0000
*6925 PRU Cons te Iac ion Rad i a I, Huancayo

X7000 CHL R. Esperanza, La Reina QSY to 6800kll z.

X7010. I PRU (R. Sudamericana, Ce lend in)
7033. 2v PRU R. Azangaro, Azangaro 1400 - 05 00
X7307 PRU R. Se Iva, Moyobamba inactive.
X7315 PRU (Ondas del Oriente, Nuevo Progreso)
7375vU CTR R. for Peace International, Ciudad Colon 0000 - 1200
X7410.2 PRU R.Sei\or de los Milagros, San Pablo 0030 - 0300 inactive.
7417 XXX LV de la Fundaci6n Mundial de Expresos a Politico de Cubanos 0130 - 0200 (SAT)
X7 434. 2 PRU R. Omega, La Esperanza 0900 - inactive.
7475 - 7500v ARG R. Aurora, Morene
7475. I MEX R. Consentida, Mexico

X8000. 2 PRU R.Chichiyaqui, San Pablo 2350 -0300 inactive.

X8063. 6 PRU R. Paraiso de Los Andes, Ni epos - 0400 inactive.
8515. 0 PRU R. Amis tad, Sor i tor 2100 -0230
X8930. 8v PRU R. ConL inente, Juan ju i I I 00 - 0300 inactive.
9ll5. OU ARG R.Contine ntal, Buenos Ai res 2200 - 0400 (1800- 2400 SAT.SUN) //- 4588. OkHz.
X9115. OU ARG R. Rivadavia, Buenos Ai res USB Feeder. \ USB Feeder.
9486. 0 PRU R. Tacna, Tacna 1100- 0000 (SUN only)

X9500 VEN R.Nacional de Venezuela , Caracas 1000- 0330 i rre,R;u l ar.

9505. 0 BRS R. Record, Sao Paulo I 000 - 2200 / / - 15135. 2kHz.
9505 . 3v PRU R. Tacna, Tacna II 00 - 0 I 00 (MON - SAT)
9509. 7 PRU R. America, Lima 24h irregular.
X9510.0 CflL R. Nacional de Chile, Santiago cf. 9550. Okflz .
9515. 0 BRS R. Novas de Paz, Curitiba 0900 - 0300
9515. 0 MEX LV de la America Lati na, Mexico 24 h c. f. 6165. o. 15176. 4kHz.
9519. 8 PRU R. La Cron i ca, Lima I 000 - 0500 i rrAgular.
9530H BOL R. Guanay, Guanay 4765k Hz x 2.
X9530 PRU R. Nae i ona I de I Per ti, Tacna inactive.
/SP/EG/FR
9540. 0 VE N R. Nae i ona I de Venezuela , Caracas II 00 - 1200, 1400 - 1500, 1800- 1900 2100- 2200 ,
0000- 0100, 0300 - 0400 (MON- FRI)
 -23-
9543. 9v BRS R. Educadora da Bahia, Sa I vador 0800 - 0300
9546. 3v HEX La Jarocha, Vera cruz - 0100
X9550. 0 BRS R. Nova Esperan~a. Porto Alegre 0900 - 2300
9550. 0 CHL R. Nac ional de Chi l e, Santiago 0930 - 1200, 1600- 1800, 2200 - 2330, 0230- 0400,
X9555. Ov HEX La Hora Exacta, Mexico 24h inactive. \<
24 h SUN)

9565.0 BRS R.Universo, Curitiba 24h

X9570 VEN R. San Cristobal, San Cristobal inactive.
X9572 CHL R. Portal es, Santiago inactive.
9580. 0 PRU R. Concordia, Arequipa 0900 - 2200 cf. 614lvkHz.
9585.1 BRS Central Brasi le ira de Noti c ias, Siio Paulo 0900 - 2200
9595. 0 URG R. Mont e Carlo, Montevi deo 2330- 0300 irregular.

X9600 BOL R. Agustin Aspiazu, La Paz inactive.

X9600 BRS R. HEC, Rio de Janeiro inactive.
9600. 0 HEX R. Universidad, Mex i co irregular.
9614.9 BRS R.Cultura, Sao Paulo 0800 - 0400 //- 6170. 0, 17814. 9kHz.
9620. 3 URG SOD RE, Montevideo 0950 -0400
9630. 0 BRS R. Aparecida, Aparecida 0800 0300 (0900- SUN) //- 5035 . 0, 6135. 0,
X9630. 0 CHL R.Agri cultura, Santiago inactive.
\! 1854. 9kHz.

X9635 CLH R.difusora Nacional, Santa Fe de Bogota inactive.

X9635 PRU R. EI Sur, Cusco inactive.
9640. 0 VEN Ecos de! Tor bes, San Cris tobal 0900-0200 //- 4980. OkHz.
9645. 0 BRS R. Bandei rantes, Sao Paulo 0700 - 0500 //- 6090. 0, 11925. 4kHz.
9645. 0 CTR Faro de! Cari be, San J ose I 000 - 1800 cf. 5055. OkHz.
9655 BRS R.Nacional do Brasil, Brasilia 1000 - 1120 PR.
9655. I PRU R. Nor Peruana, Chachapoyas 1000- 0200
9660. 8v VEN R. Rumbas, Caracas 24 h //- 4970. 4kHz.
9664. 7v BRS R. Harumby, Florianopo l is 0900 - 0 I 00
9675. 0 BRS R. Can~ao Nova. Cachoe i ra Pau I ista 0800 - 0300 //- 4825.0, 6105.0kllz.
9675. 0 PRU R.de l Pac ifico, Lima 1100 - 2300 (ll30- SUN) cf. 4975. OkHz.
9680. 3v HEX La Q Hexicana, Mexico 1200 - 0600
A9685 CLH R. di fusora Nae iona 1, San ta Fe de Bogota ina cti ve .
9685.1 BRS R. Gazeta, Sao Paulo 0700 - 2200 I / - 5955. OkHz.
9690. 0 ARG RA E, Buenos Ai res 0100 -0200 (HON - FRI) PR.
9690. 0 ARG R. Nac i onal, Buenos Aires 0100 - 0200 (SAT, SUN)
9694. 9 BRS R. Rio Mar, Manau s 0800 - 2200

A9700 VEN R. Sucesos, San Cristobal inactive.

9705. 0 MEX R. Mex i co Internacional, Mexico 0200 - 0500 / / - 15430kHz.
9705.1 BRS R. Naci ona l, Rio de Janeiro 0800 - 0300
X9710. 0 ARG R. Na c i ona l, Buenos Aires inactive.
9717. Iv BOL R. La Plata, Sucre !000- 1900 (SUN - 2200) SP/QU.
9725.0 BRS R.Clube Paranaense, Curitiba 0800 - 0300
9725. 0 CTR R. Lira Int e rna cional, Ca huita 1100 - 1500, 2200- 0500 // - 11869.9kHz. SP/EG.
9735. Ov PRG R. Nacional de] Paraguay, Asuncion 0800 -0300 (0930- SUN) //- 6024. 8kHz.
9745 BRS R. Nacional do Brasil, Brasilia 0400 - 0500 SP.
9750. 2 VEN R. Occidente, Tovar 1100 - 1700 //- 3325. lkHz. irregular.
 -24-
X9750. 3 CHL R. Hineria, Santiago 0930 - 1200, I 530- 1800, 2130-2300 (1200- 1230,
X9755v PRU R. Sideral, Puca ! !pa 1000 _0500 inactive. \1 300- 2300 SUN) inactive .

X9760.0 GTM R.Nac i onal, Guatemala ina ctive.

9777. 8v DOM R. Santiago, Santiago 0930 - 1200, 2200- 0400

9941.6v XXX LV del CID, R.CamiI o Cienfuegos 1200- 0515 //- 6305 . Okllz.
9949.8 DOM R. Clarin, Santo Domingo
X9949.8 PRU R.del Pacifico, Lima drift ed from 9675. Okllz.
*9950 IIND R.Copiin Internacional, Teguc igalpa 2300 - 0400
9965.0 XXX R.Caiman I 130- 1530. 2300- 0400
X9988.4 PRU (Estacion 2000, Rioja)
I 0079. 6H PRU R. Libertad. Jun in 50~9. 8kHz x 2.
1011911 EQA R. Nacional Progreso, Loja 5059. 5kllz x 2.
X10243v PRU (Futuro la Radio, La Calzada)

11479. 8U MEX R. Consentida, Mexi co

11635.3 XXX LV del CJD , R.Camiiio Cienfuegos 1100- 2300
11694. 9 VEN R. Nacional de Venezuela, Caracas i rr eg 11l ar.
Xll700.0 DOM R.Clarin, Santo Domingo
Xll 700 DOM R. Mi I, Santo Domingo via R.Clarin.
*11705 BRS R. Transamerica, Santa Maria
11710. l ARG RAE, Buenos Aires 1000 - 1100, 2300- 0400 (HON - FRI) JP/SP/EG/FR.
11710.1 ARG R.Nacional , Buenos Aires i300 - 0400 (SAT, SUN)
Xll735 .0 URG R.Monte Carlo, Montevideo
11735.0 URG R. Oriental, Montevideo 1630 - 2330
11745.0 BRS R.Nacio nal do Brasil, Brasilia 0600 - 0700 EG.
X11 755 ARG R. Nae i ona I, Buenos Ai res inact iv e.
11769.1 HEX R.Hexico Internacional, Mex i co 1300- I 700
11780. 0 BRS R. Na e i ona I da Amazonia, Bras i I ia 08 55 - 0200 //· 6180.0kHz.
11781.lv ARG R. Libertad , Buenos Aires 1500- 2100
11785.0 BRS R.Guaiba, Porto Al egre 0830- 0400 //- 6000. 2kHz.
XI 1793v CLM R. di fusora Nae i ona I, San ta Fe de Bogota drifted to l1822vkHz.

11 805. Iv BRS R.Globo, Rio de Janeiro 0900 - 0200 // - 6030 . OkHz .

11814.9 BRS R.Brasil Central, Goiania 0800 - 0300 //- 4985. OkHz.
! l l 820 MF.X R. La Correca•inos, lle rmos i I lo inactive.
11822. 5v CLH R. di fusora Nacional, Santa Fe de Bogota - 0445 // · I 7862vkllz.
11830. Ov BRS R. Anhanguera, Goiania 0800 - 0300 //- 4915. 0, 6080. OkHz.
11 835. 6v URG R. El Espectador, Montevideo 1000 - 0300 (occasionally 24h)
Xl185I. Iv VEN R. Nacional de Venezu e la, Caracas QSY to I I 862kHz.
11854. 9 BRS R. Aparecida, Aparecida 0800 - 0300 (0900- SUN) / / - 5035. 0, 6135. 0,
Xll862. Ov VEN R. Nac i onal de Venezue la, Caracas inactive. // - 5019. ?kHz. \ 9630 · OkHz.
11869.9 CTR R.Lira Internacional, Cahuita 1100 - 150 0, 2200 - 0500 EG/SP. // - 9725. OkHz.
X!l895. 0 BRS R. Nova Esperan~a. Porto Alegre 0800 - 0300

11904.3 BRS R.Universo, Curitiba 24h // - 6060. 0, 9565. OkHz.

11910 BRS R.Can~iio Nova, Cachoeira Paulista 24h //- 4825. 0, 6105. 0, 9675. OkHz.
11915. 0 BRS R.Gaucha , Porto Alegre 24 h //- 6020 . OkHz.
11925. 3 BRS R. 8andei rantes, Sao Paulo 0700 - 0500 I / - 6090. 0, 9645. OkHz.
 - 25 -
Xll935 BRS R.Clube Paranaense , Cur i ti ba ina ctive.
11939. 5v PRG R. En ca rnac i6n, Enca rna ci6n 0750 - 0400
Xll945. I PRG R. Enca rnaci6n, Encarnac i6n drift ed to 11939. 5k Hz.
11950 BRS R. HEC, Rio de Jane iro i rregu I ar.
11965 BRS R. Reco rd , Sao Paulo I 000 - 2200 //- 9505. 0, 15134. 8kH z.

1211 OH PRU R.Contin enta l , Arequ ipa 6055kHi x 2.

1215111 HND LV <lei Junco, Santa Barbara 6075. 5kHz X 2.
12370. OH HEX R.Educac ion, Mexi co 6185. OkHz X 2.
13255. 4H PRU LV de San Antonio, Bambamarca 6627. ?kHz X 2.
l3630. 9Uv CTR R. for Peace International, Ciudad Colon 1800- 0600

15029. 6v CTR R. for Peace Inte rnati ona l , r.iudad Colon 1800 1200
Xl5045 DOH R. Dis co ve ry, Santo Domingo 2300 -0100 (HON- SAT) inactive.
X1504 5 DOH R. TV Domini cana, San to Domingo 2200 - 223 0 via R. Discovery.
*15055 HND R. Coplin Internacional, Teg uc iga lpa I 200 · 230 0
15135. 2 BRS R. Reco rd , Sao Paulo I 000 - 2200 //- 6!SO, 9505kHz .
X15 !39. 6v CHL R. Nac ional de Chi le, Santiago 0100 -0230 i nart i ve .
X15 150.0 CHI. R. Nac ional de Chi le, Santiago OSY lo 15139. 6kllz.
15160 HEX LV de la America Latina, Mex i co 24 h Alt. 15176. 4kHz. i r reg ul ar .
Xl5176. 4 HEX LV de la Ame ri ca Latina, Mex ic o 24h cf. 6165.0, 9505.0 kH z. irregular.
l 5 l90. 0 BRS R. Inconfidencia, Belo Horizonte 0800 -0300 //- 6010 . 2kllz .
*l 52 10 PRG Cardina l AH Stereo, As un cion
15265. 0 BRS R.Na c ional do Brasil, Bras i lia 1630- 1730, 1800- 1900, 1930- 2030 EG/GH.
Xl5290 ARG R. Nae i ona I, Buenos Ai r es ina ct iv e .
1533 4. 3 CLH R.difusora Nacional, Santa Fe de Bogota I / - 11792kHz. ir regular.
Xl5340U ARG R.Rivadavia, Buenos Aires USB Feeder.
15345. lv ARG RAE, Bu enos Aires 11 00 - 1400, 1800- 2300 (HON - FRI) PR/S P/ AR /EG/IT /
15345. lv ARG R. Nae i ona I, Buenos Ai res I 100 - 2300 (SAT, SUN) \ FR/GM.
15350 EQA R. Nae i ona I de I Ecuador, Qui to 1730- 1800 (HON - FRI) vi a IICJB .
Xl54 14.3 BRS R.Clube Ri be irao Preto, Ribeiriio Preto 0800 -0300 inactive.
15430. 0 HEX R. Me xi co lnt ernac inal, Mex ico 2000 - 0500 //- 9705 . Okllz .
15459. 8 CTR R. Lira Inte rnacional , Ca hui ta
X15475. 7v ARG R. Nacional Arcange l San Gabriel, Base Rsperanza 2100- 2300 inact ive .

15780. 0 ARG R. Conti nen ta I, Buenos Ai res USB/LSB Feede r .

15780.0 ARG R. de l Pl a ta, Buenos Aire s USB/1,SB Feeder.
15780.0 ARG FH de! Pla ta, Bu enos Air es USB/LSB Feeder.
15780. 0 ARG R. El Mundo, Buenos Aires USH/1.SB Feeder.
15780.0 ARG FM Horizonte, Buen os Air es USB/LSB Feeder.
1578 0. 0 ARG R. Rivadavia, Buenos Aires USB / LSB Feeder.
15780. 0 ARG R. Nitre, Buenos Aires USB/LSB Feeder.
15780. 0 ARG R. Hi t re FH, Bu enos Aires USB/LSB Fc" der.
17750. 0 BRS R. Nacional do Brasil, Brasilia 1800- 190 0 PR.
17765 HEX R. Mexico Int erna c iona l, Mexi co 0300 - 0500
17814. 9 BRS R. Cu I t ura, Sao Paul o 0800 - 0400 / / - 6170. 0, 9614. 9kHz.
1786 2v CLH R. di fusora Nacio nal , Santa Fe de Bogota - 231 S //- 11 822. 4vkllz .
17944. SH GTM Uni on Radio, Gua t e ma Ia 5981. 5kHz x 3.
- 26 -
19410H BRS R.Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 970SkHz x 2.
1947011 PRG R. Na cional de Paraguay, Asuncion 9735k llz x 2.
19883. 211 XXX LV de! CID, R. Cami I o Cienfuegos 9941. 6kllz x 2.
21455. OU EQA H CJ B . Quito 24h
21465. OvU CTR R. for Peace International, Ciudad Co l on 1800- 0330
!21510 CLN R.difusora Naciona l, Santa Fe de 80,gota ina ct iv e.
421750 CLM R. di fusora Nae i ona I, San La Fe de Bogota inactive.
2982011 XXX LV de! CID, R. Cami I o Cienfuegos 9940kHz x 3.

RADIO,
LA vo)z
IDEJL
CARRIZAL
FRECUENCIA 3260 Klhr- HCRM-4 - 92 mts.
CALCETA ~ MANABI ~ ECUADOR

Jh o nn y Navarret e Aiava
Di rec to r de
Progr amactones
V ice nte Navarrete
Roque Navarrete Veliisquez Navarrete
Gerente Gener al 0 1rector del Departamento
de N ot icias y Deportes

Direccion · ESTUDIOS Y OFICINAS • 16 de Agosto 156

TELEFONO: 685125
 - 27-

Written by Hirotsugu NABESHIMBA

(All times in local t ime; unless otherwise mentioned.)

Illustration: Fantasia Musical,

Guayaquil, Ecuador (101.3MHz)
-28 -

RADIO PROGRAHAS DEL PERU (RPP)

Lima is the capital of Department of the same name and of the

Peruvian Republic as well. The city was founded on January 18, 1535
by the conqueror Francisco Pizarro, in the valley of the Rimac
River. It is cal led "Ciudad de las Reyes" (City of Kings) . Actually
Lima has been growing into a big city with many important districts
like Barranco, Chorrillos, Magdalena, Callao. And also it is sur-
rounded by the new young districts which are mostly slums . The city
of Lima has approximately 6,000,000 inhabitant s, which are equiva-
lent to more than a quarter of the total population of the country.
Lima has been modernized but, at the same time, its colonial style
cityscape has been conserved well.

Mr. Syuichi Sasak i, RNM' er, received a signal of Radio Pro -

gramas del Peru on its SW channel of 5979.0 kHz fr om 10:30 to 11 : 30
UTC on November 26, 1985 in Japan . I got a phone cal 1 from him and
confirmed it on the next day. I sent a reception report, but as
usual I could not obtain any answer from the station. I was obliged
to visit the station to obtain a QSL during my stay in Lima.
On March 24, 1988, I visited Radio Progra -
mas del Peru (RPP) , which is situated at Jr.
Alejandro Tirado 217 - 7th floor at the corner of
the 10th block of Av . Arequipa, in the distr ict
of Santa Beat riz. In this area there are many
radio stations like Radio Panamericana, Radio
America, Radio Star, Canal 5 (P anamericana Tele -
vision) . When I entered the yellow building
whose entire 7th floor was occupied by RPP, I
had to show my identif i cation for the security
check. I put a visitor card on the chest and I
was allowed to enter . At the reception of RPP I told my purpose of
visit and Sr. Mario Eduardo Mazuelos, Departamento Tecnico, showed
me around the station. It was like a certain company of daily news-
paper, because there were lots of FAX, telex, telephones to obtain
latest news and information from all over the world, yes, RPP is a
well - organized information ra dio station. Fortunatel y, I could
obtain a QSL and some souvenirs of the station.

On October 12, 1989, I visited again this radio station to

obtain more information. The receptionist remembered me at first
glance and told me that Sr . Mario Eduardo Mazuelos was no longer
working at the station. Instead, the receptionist introduced me to
Sr . Jaime Ackermann M., Jefe de Promoc i ones, and he kindly took me
to his office. There was a b ig television set and "CBS News" of
North American TV channel was on the program, captured by a satel -
lite system. This is one of the characters of rich and techno -
logically well - equipped RPP, which, I think, none of the other
Peruvian radio stations have. Sr . Jaime Ackermann M. gave me the
following infomation .

History of the Station

Radio Programas del Peru (RPP) -Li ma began their first broadcast
at 1 0: 00 a. m. on October 7, 1963. The program was simultaneously
 -29-

broadcasted through the following 11 radio stations: Radio San

Miguel de Piura (founded by Dr . Gerardo Garrido), La Vaz de la Fron-
tera de Tumbes, Radio Amazonas de I~i tos (enrolled by Don Maximo
Melendez), Radio Salcantay de Cusco (owned by Doctor Campana), Radio
Sur Peruana de Areguie~ (by Don Gustavo Quintanilla), Radio Regiona-
lista de lea, Radio Pro ramas de Huanca o (by Don Max Huamay through
his radio station, Radio Centro RPP Chiclayo, RPP Trujillo, RP!'.
Chimbote, and RPP Barranca.

In 1958, the first TV transmission by Canal 7 started and soon

many TV stations were inaugurated in Peru. In 1962, Don Genaro
Delgado Brandt and his sons, the founders of RPP, had to think how
radio business could compete with TV business . TV was a medium with
lots of prestige and certainty. On the other hand, radio broadcast
had grown innumerably and the SW had been the only way to get far
away, but its poor sound quality did not do more than making doubt
in respect of radio. So they had to think something new and distinct
from not only TV but also radio of that time.

RPP, whose first slogan was "Una sola voz para todo el Pais"
(The only voice for all the country), was founded with the program
"La Doctora Corazon", that was on the air for 15 years. It was a ra-
dio drama concerning with love affairs. In those years radio pro-
grams had a tendency to focuss on radio dramas, not on music as now.
RPP's policy was to send the same program, including advertisements,
at the same time in various places . It was a way to triumph over
their rivals. RPP recorded almost all the complete programs of one
day in magnetic tapes so as to be on the air simultaneously by the
affiliated radio stations throughout the country. RPP was getting,
in short period, more and more audience affiliating new radio sta-
tions in major cities. The secret of this success existed without
doubt in the sensation of union and in the feeling that the same
program was being heard in all, or major part, of the country, at
the same time.
If all the programs had been recorded, there would not have
been actuality. From Lima it was, of course, impossible to send news
program to local affiliated radio stations as it needed urgency, so
it was broadcasted locally. The problem caused by recorded tapes was
that it took a lot of time to record programs and to transport them
to the border towns . In addition, transport accidents of ten
happened.

wez
mas cerca
demasaente
- 30 -

In 1980, with the change of the government from military into

democratic form, RPP began to use microwave system of ENTEL PERU
(Empresa Nacional de Telecomunicaciones del Peru), commercial use of
which had been forbidden until this year. The microwave got to whole
country thanks to the advanced technology. This system guaranteed
the good sound quality that the SW could not have realized. The ab-
solute simultaneity was done for the news of instant, in an instant.
The FM transmission (OCZ-4V 89.7 MHz) in Lima began in October,
1987, instead, did the SW transmission (OBX - 4M 5985 kHz) stop?
On June 28, 1988, Panamericana Satellite (PAN SAT) was launched
and from March 15, 1989, RPP has been using PAN SAT in order to send
their programs to whole Latin America and to obtain latest informa-
tion of the world. PAN SAT is in stationary orbit with the altitude
of 36,000 km from the earth. The parabolic antenna for PAN SAT is on
a roof of the building of Canal 5 (Panamericana TV), which is in one
block from RPP. PAN SAT covers from Florida to Malvinas Islands, or
rather whole Latin America.
In Lima during
1989 through 1990,
the power outage and
suspension of water
supply happened a 1 -
mos t every day. The
district, Los Oli -
vos, where I had
been, the middle
class residential
area, normally the
eiectricity and
water stopped at
07:00 a.m. and they
came again at 07:00
p.m . They say it is
because of the ter -
rorist's attack on
pylon, recent rain -
less climate in
mountainous region
(sierra) and th e SR. ACKERMANN (RIGHT) & THE WRITER
construction of
subway (metro) in
urban area of Lima. During the power outage, people can not use
electrical appliances like radio - cassette, television set in the
daytime. Radio stat i ons also can not transmit programs if they do
not have electricity generators . It seems to me that many radio
stations in Lima, I do not know how many but almost all the rich
stations and rich houses have generators for emergency use. Of
course, RPP, too. One day, a grave power outage happened in major
part of coastal area, from lea to Chimbote. I switched on my port -
able radio with battery and surprisingly there were no broadcasts in
AM & FM bands except RPP (or maybe there were some .. ??) . RPP was
telling the state of that affair. The function of radio station as
one of the mass media is reaffirmed in these cases.

Programs of RPP consist of 60% of information, 20% of sports

and 20% of participation of the public. The hourly program has 50
minutes of program and strictly 10 minutes of advertisements . The
customers who participate in programs come from the RPP's own
Publicity Agent and from direct contact. In order to obtain latest
fertile information, RPP has 56 telephone lines from correspondents
within Peru and 40 telephones lines from the world. Also used are:
 -31-

teletypewriters, TV Satellite of the United States, Canada, Brazil ,

France, Germany, China, Japan, etc . , monitors of SW broadcasts and
mobile equipment like 3 automobiles and 4 transceivers. On the other
hand, RPP attaches great importance to the opinion, idea and advice
in the form of telephone call or letter from their audience.

The Delgado Parker family has been the proprietor of Radio

Programas del Peru, Lima, and, at the same time, of Radio Pana-
mericana and Canal 5 (Panamericana TV)
(Bibliography: "o • A• X- Cr6nica de la Radio en el Peru - ( 1925 - 1980) •
by Alonso Alegria/Radioprogramas Editores, Lima, Peru. 1988)
Network of Radio Pro ramas del Peru (RPP) as of 1989

Affiliated Stations (in permanent network)

Tumbes La Voz de la Frontera 1540 kHz OBX-18 1 kW

Piura Radio Andina 920 kHz OBX - lJ 10 kW
Chiclayo C . R.U. 870 kHz OBX-lF 10 kW
Trujillo C . R.U. 790 kHz OAX - 2I 10 kW
Cajamarca Radio Los Andes 1130 kHz OAX-2V 1 kW
Chimbote Radio Chimu 1460 kHz OBX - 3A 1 kW
Barranca Radio Musical 1100 kHz OAZ-4W 1 kW
Lima - AM R . P.P.730 730 kHz OAX-4G 10 kW(*F.P.50 kW)
Lima - FM R . P . P. 89.7 MHz OCZ - 4V 10 kW
Huancayo Radio Centro 1140 kHz OCY-4C 10 kW
lea R . P.P.710 710 kHz OBX - 5Q 5 kW
Arequipa Radial Andina 1170 kHz OBX - 6L 10 kW
Tacna Radio Latina 1300 kHz OAX - 6P 2 kW
Juliaca Radial Andina 810 kHz OAX - 7V 10 kW
Cusco Rad i o El Triunfo 1580 kHz OBX-7Q 2 kW
(*F.P. = Future Plan)
Associated Stations (those which ate to broadcast "La
Rotativa del Aire and special
Pucallpa Radio Pucallpa 1250 kHz OAX - 8P 2 kW
Ilo Rad i o El Faro 1200 kHz OAX - 6N 1 kW
Weekly Program of Radio Programas del Peru (RPP) as of 1989
Monday to Friday

00:00 - 04:30 R.P.P. INFORMANDO (J. Alva)

04:30 - 05:00 AMANECER CAMPESINO (E . Tello)
05:00 - 08:00 LA ROTATIVA DEL AIRE lRA EDICION (F. Nolte)
08:00-09:00 AMPLIACION DE NOTICIAS (M. Monge)
09:00 - 10:00 LINEA ABIERTA
Lunes CONSULTORIO JURIDICA TRIBUTARIA
Martes HOSPITAL
Miercoles PERSONA A PERSONA
Jueves CONSULTORIO JURIDICA TRIBUTARIA
Viernes HOSPITAL
10:00 - 13:00 COMUNICANDO (E . Vidal)
13:00 - 15:00 LA ROTATIVA DEL AIRE 2DA EDICION (D . Zapata)
15 : 00 - 18:00 BUENAS TARDES Y NOTICIAS (J.M. Calderon)
18:00- 20:00 LA ROTATIVA DEL AIRE 3RA EDICION (M . Ortega)
20 : 00-21:00 LA ROTAT I VA DEPORTIVA (M.H. Aguirre)
21 : 00 - 24:00 LA REVISTA HABLADA (S. Menendez)
-32 -

Saturdays_
00:00 - 05:00 R.P.P. I NFORMANDO (J. Alva)
05:00 - 08 : 00 LA ROTATIVA DEL AIRE lRA EDICION (F. Nolte)
08:00 -09:00 AMPLIACION DE NOTICIAS (M. Monge)
09:00 - 10:00 ENFOQUE (D. Vargas)
10 : 00 - 11:00 CENTRO MEDICO (J . Padilla )
11:00 - 12 : 00 PERSONA A PERSONA (M. Montoya)
12 : 00 - 13:00 YO TE CANTO PERU (G. Recharte)
13:00 - 14:00 LA ROTATIVA DEL AIRE 2DA EDICION (D. Zapata)
14:00 - 18:00 TARDES DE SABADO (E. Tello)
18:00 - 20:00 LA ROTATIVA DEL AIRE 3RA EDICION (M. Ortega)
20 : 00 - 21:00 MUSICA Y NOTICIAS (J. Flores)
21:00 - 22:00 NOSOTRAS LAS REPORTERAS (D. Garr . )
22 : 00 - 24:00 MUSICA Y NOTIC IAS (J . Flores)

Sund!!_Y:'l
00 : 00 - 01 : 00 LA SEMANA (A . Villavicencio)
01:00 - 05:00 R . P . P. INFORMANDO (J . Alva)
05:00-08:00 LA ROTATIVA DEL AIRE lRA EDICION (F. Nolte)
08:00 - 08:30 DOMINGO ES FIESTA (C. Sobrado)
08 : 30-09:00 LA ROTATIVA DEL AIRE (continuaci6n)
09 : 00-10:00 LA SEMANA (A. Villavicencio)
10 : 00 - 11:00 LA ROTATIVA DEPORTIVA MENU
11 : 00 - 12:00 CARBURANDO (I. Villarreal)
12:00 - 13:00 LA ROTATIVA DEPORTIVA
13 : 00 - 14:00 LA ROTATIVA DEL AIRE 2DA EDICION (D. Zapata)
14:00 - 18:00 LA ROTATIVA DEPORTIVA (M.H. Aguirre)
18:00 - 19 : 00 TERCER TIEMPO (M . H. Aguirre)
19 00 - 20:00 LA ROTATIVA DEL AIRE 3RA EDICION (A . Villavicencio)
20· 00 - 21 : 00 LA SEMANA (A. Villavicencio)
21 00 -2 3 : 30 CUANDO LOS PERIODISTAS DIALOGAN (D. Ponce de Leon)
23 30 - 24:00 DOMINGO ES FIESTA (C . Sobrado)

JAIME ACKERMANN M.
Jefe de Promociones

Aleiandro Ti,.111do 2 17-7 mo. Piso--Uma Telfs. 243994-245823 -24955?

EN SIMULTANEO: :f

·. ~ ~ ~-'
"A:>tOPRO{H~AMAS
DEL PERU

2 4 MAK. 1988
iRADIOPAOGRAMAS
CREA LA PRIMERA FM RECIBIDO
DE LA NOTICIA EN UMA!
 - 33 -

RADIO PANAMERICANA

"Until the first half of 1979 Radio Panamericana had be en heard

on 5980 kHz (OBX - 4M) from 07:00 to 10:00 UTC on Sundays", wr ites Mr.
Tetsuya Hirahara in a Japanese DX publication . I started my DX li fe
in 1981 and at that time it was already impossible to receive this
radio station on SW. They have not broadcasted in SW b a nd f o r more
than 10 years .
On June 2, 1989, I visited their studios l ocated at Jr. Marian o
Carranza 126. It took some 15 minutes by shared taxi (colec tivo )
from downtown Lima along Av. Arequipa . At first I regarded Paname-
ricana TV (Canal 5) as Radio Panamericana, but studios and offices
of the radio station were in a different building, a little walking
from TV station . Telling my purpose of visit at the reception, Sr .
Cesar Abril Otero, Gerente de Programaci6n, showed me over the sta-
tion . Radio Panamericana is one of the well - known radio stations in
Peru, because it has affiliated network : 9 radio stat ions in major
cities of Peru (Piura, Chiclayo, Trujillo, Ch i mbote, Huancayo, Lima,
Arequipa and Tacna) , each of them has their stati on name as Radio
Panamericana and all stations have
the same format (hit music for
young gene ra tion) in their pro -
gram, though it is not broadcasted
s i mult a neously. Sr. Abril Otero
told me about the SW transmission
as follows: S i nce 1960 Radio Pana -
mericana, Lima had been transmit -
ting on SW (49 mb) , but in 1985 (?)
the transm i tter was broken and
they had to s t op broadcasting be -
cause it was econom i cal 1 y impos -
sible to repair it and the trans -
mitter was very deteriorated, too.

History of the Station

In early 1950' s, Don Genaro

Delgado Brandt, the founder of
Radio Panamericana, was working
successfully at Radio Central,
Lima. His sons were taking good
action at Radio Libertad (OAX - 40
820 kHz) and also collaborated
with their father. But sons and
father were working in a distinct
style : the sons were doing radio
business boldly, and don Genaro
firmly and cautiously. One day,
the uncle of don Genaro, don Ale - SR. ABRIi, OTERO (RIGHT)
jandro, said "Why do not you have
&. THt: l'RITt:R
- 34 -

your own rad i o ? You are always working for the others.. " Don
Genaro accepted his adv i ce hesitat i ngly because h i s capital to make
a new radio stat i on was not enough. It was a t r if l ing f a mily conver -
sation by wh i ch one o f the mos t i mportant rad i o stat i ons was born.

At f ir st they establ is hed Rad i o Tele S . A. , the init i at i ve

members were don Ale j andro Delgado, don Gena r o and Manuel
Cjurinovic. Don Genaro inv i ted their sons to participate, but
without any concess i on . As a result, Hector and other sons decided
to take part in the new enterprise . Radio Tele S.A. acquired a nice
transm i tter , "Coll i ns" (1 kW), and put i t in Monterrico. On November
5, 1952, the prel i minary l i cense was given, with which only test
transm i ssion without advertisements was perm i tted . On July 4, 1953,
they s tarted test t ra nsmission with only soft a nd melodious music.
At that t i me it was unusual to broadcast more music than
announcement. Radio Panamer i cana, though during test transmission,
obtained much audience mak i ng impact to the public because of its
new style of program. It was necessary for them to do test
transmission for 5 months to obtain an official license (in normal
case 3 months) becau s e of some governmental force . At last they
obta i ned it on December 1, 19 5 3. Now they can get sponsors and earn
money. But to keep
station format, be -
ing soft music radio
station, they de-
cided to put only a
bit of advertise -
men ts . They decided
to control a quality
of advertisements,
too: they have to be
in a style of music
as follows; soft and
agreeable and nei -
ther shout i ng nor
boisterous . This
means that the spon -
sors are very spe -
cial: the tar i ff of
advertisements is
more expensive than
usual. With such an
effort Radio Paname -
ricana got to be a OPERATOR AT STUDIO
popular and wel 1 -
heard radio station .

At the beginning Radio Panamericana only b r oadcasted good music

and a little of advertisements. But, frankly s peaking, the only
music - played radio station could not survive . A news program "El
Panamericano" appeared to be competitor with other station's estab-
lished programs like "El Reporter Essa" of Rad i o America and "Radio-
peri6dico E l Mundo " o f Rad i o Victoria. The f i rst director of "El
Panamericano" was Raul Deustua and the second was Mario Vargas
Llosa, who is now writer and was the candidate for the election of
President of Peru in 1990. Vargas Llosa was at that time a young
taleteller and was working for journalism . Based on an experience as
a director of "El Panamericano" he wrote "Latia Julia y el escribi-
dor" (Aunt Julia and the Scriptwriter) , autobiographic novel later.

In 1956, the Delgados knew that it was necessary to incorporate

the audience whom the other radio stations had in other provinces.
Network system was needed to make it possible . Their idea was to
form a constellation of radio stations. It would be a permanent
 - 35-

network, connected with Radio Panamericana by a SW system so as to

retransmit all the programs . They asked the license for this
project, even the SW transmission could not realize good sound, but
the technology at that time was not suffic i ent for this bold
attempt. Radio Programas del Peru (RPP) made this project, which was
formerly planned for Radio Panamericana, come true in 1980 by making
use of a microwave system.

Toward 1962, Radio Panamericana had obtained much preference

from the audience. But the Delgado was making an invasion upon TV at
that time . In 1967, Radio Panamericana started their FM trans -
miss i on. In 1970's, coming the expropriation of Canal 5 Panamer i cana
Televisi6n, the sons of Don Genaro were about to work overseas . Don
Genaro did not have energy to continue with radio business. So
Raquel Delgado Parker, who was only a housewife, started to manage
the station, and has kept the position until now.

(Bibliography : "O• A• X- Cr6nica de la Radio en el Peru - (1925 - 1980)"

by Alonso Alegria/Radioprogramas Editores, Lima, Peru . 1988)
Affiliated Network of Radio Panamericana

Piura 101. 1 MHz OCZ - lD 3.5 kW

Chiclayo 101 . 1 MHz OCZ - lC 1 kW
Trujillo 101 . 1 MHz OCZ-2J 1 kW
Chimbote 101 . 1 MHz OCZ-3F 1 kW
Huancayo 101. 3 MHz OCZ - 40 3.5 kW
Lima 960 kHz OAX-4D 20 kW
Lima 101 . 1 MHz OBZ - 4D 10 kW
Arequipa 101. 1 MHz OCZ - 6G 3.5 kW
Tacna 101 . 1 MHz OCZ - 6Q 5 kW

Main Personnel as of 1989

Directora/Gerente:
Raquel Delgado de Alcantara
Gerente General :
Mauricio Alcantara
Gerente Administrativa:
Tula Veramendi S .
Gerente de Programaci6n :
Cesar Abril Otero
Gerente de Ventas:
Carmen Julia Valdivia
- 36-

PROGRAMACION AM

LUNES A VIERNES

06:00 APERTURA DE PRoGRAMACION

06:00 a 09:30 LAS SUPERM.iu1ANAS con Humberto Vel~squez
y Manuel Bwrrera.
09:30 a 12:30 ~ con Gina Parker
12:30 a 19:00 MUSICA DE PROGRAMACION con Michael Esp!ritu
19:00 a 00:00 MUSICA DE PROGRAMACION con Pepe Giraldo

SABADQS

06:00APERTURA DE PROGRAMACION
06:00 a 08:00 MUSICA DE PROGRAMACION con Michael Esp!ritu
08:00 a 12:00 MUSICA DE PROGRAMllCION con Ivdn Bartolo
12:00 a 16:00 MUSICA DE PROGRAMA©ION con Hans Quezada
12:00 a 13:00 LAS 15 MAS con Gica Parker
16: 00 a 20: 00 MUSIC A DE PROGRAMAC ION
20:00 a 00:00 MUSICA DE PROGRAMACION con michael Esp!ritu
00:00 a 06:00 PANAMERICANA DISCOTECK musica de programaci6n
(Cadena con FM).

DOMINGOS

06:00 APERTUR.A DE PROGRAMACION

06:00 a 07:00 LA PRIMERA PLANA musica de programaci6n
07:00 a 13:00 LA PRIMERA PLANA con Micky Ramirez
13:00 a F;oo LAPRIMERA PLANA con Joa~ Avila
17:00 a 19:00 BAN.A Rr,'TRO (musics del recuerdo)
con Kike Chdvez
19:00 a 00:00 LA PRIMERA PLANA musica de programaci6n.

RADIOc:r~

MARIANO CAARANZA 128 · TELFS. 713093 - 710040 · 705202 · CABLES: RADIO PAN - LIMA - PERU
 - 37 -

.
Cadadia
Cada dia llcgamos primcros
para estar al lado de mas pcruanos;
'$ por cso anunciarsc
\ por Radio Panamericana

pr11J1era ,, ,~ significa llcgar a mas .

y sicmpre primcros'

en s1nton1a ·

AM FM
- 38 -

RADIO UNION y T.V.

SOCIEDAD ANONIMA

ONOA MEDIA OBZ-4 - N 880 Kea. 50,000 w.11, Av. Abanc1Y 377 4ta. l'lto
ONDA CORTA OBN -4-0 8,115 Kea. (Bend• d• 49 M .) T.uta. 281210 • 281631
FRECUENCIA MODULADA STEREO t0J.1 Mes Apettldo't20S • Uma

RADIO UNION
Radio Union is one of the well -hear d radio stations on 6115
kHz, though there are some other Latin American radio stations
listed on this frequency . Their morning andean folklore music pro -
gram "Tierra Fecunda" (Fertile Earth) , which is on the air from
10:00 to 11:00 UTC, is well-known to folklore music fans.

The studios of Radio

Union is situated in the down-
town area, Av. Abancay 377,
4th floor. Along Av . Abancay,
there are lots of bus stops.
You may go wherever you like
from here. The famous open -ai r
market "Mercado Central" (Cen - JULIO GARCIA VALDIVIA
tral Market) is just nearby. JEFE OE RR . PP .
Here is a dangerous area be -
cause of thieves, too. I vis-
ited their studios on Septem- AV. ABANCAY N• 377
ber 14, 1989 , it was a little OF . 401 - LIMA 1 TELFS. 3109U
complicated to find the en- APARTADO 8205 327012

trance of the station. At the

reception, I told the pourpose
of visit and that I had used to listen to their programs all the way
in Japan. They welcomed me and Sr. Julio Garcia Valdivia, Jefe de
Relaciones Publicas, took me around the station. It was just before
noon and I was invited to participate in their daily news program
"El Diario de Union" (This program is broadcasted 3 times daily, the
first edition at 06 :3 0, the second at 12:05 and the third at 20:00).
The interview was as usual: what are you doing i n Peru?, why do you
visit our radio station?, how do you think about Peruvian people?,
and so on.
Radio Union is a religious radio station called archbishop of
Lima. It was inaugurated on February 1 4, 1966. Clergymen who were
concerned with the station management did not insist on broadcasting
programs with religious character . So Radio Union has kept their
program format with various kinds of music.

Ma in Personnel as of 1989

Gerente General Miguel Palacios Rodriguez

Administrador Javier Araoz Vasquez
Jefe de Ralaciones Publicas Julio Garcia Valdivia
Director de Prensa Manuel Riofrio Neyra

RADIO UNION y TELEVISION S. A.

Av. Abancay 377 - 4to. Piso - Telf. 289531 -Aptdo. 6205
LIMA - PERU
SUD-AMERICA
 -39-

PROGRAMACION GENERA.I,

1988
LlJNES A VIERNES

AMPLITUD MODULA.DA
HORAS:

00.00 a 03.00 Uni6n en el Camino (Musica Tropical Andina y

Vernacular)
03.00 a 04.00 eo=eo Musical Chas4ui (Folklore Peruano)
04.00 a 05.00 Prodisar y sus Eritos (Folklore) Peruano)
05.00 a 06.00 Tierra Fecunda (Cultural Agrario Musical)
06.00 a 06.03 Himno Nacional
06.03 a 06.05 Radiorama Cat6lico (Religioso)
06.05 a 06.30 La Jornada (Musicale Informative La-
boral)
06.JQ a OS.~ El Diario de Uni6n (Noticiero-1e~a. li)nisi6n)
08.30 a 09.30 Prodisar y sus Eritos (Musics Tropical y Folk.)
09.30 a 10.30 Los Andy Brothers (Mtlsica Tropical Andina y
Salsa)
10. 30 a 11.30 Los Morunos (Musics Romantics)
11.30 a 12.00 1\lestra Vida (Cult. E)iucativo para PPJJ)
12.00 a 12.03 Himno Nacional
12.05 a 12.30 El Diario de Uni6n (Noticiero-2da, E)nisi6n)
12. 30 a 13,30 Almorzando con el Carre- (Musica Criolla)
ta Jorge Perez.
13,30 a 14.30 El Rinc6n de Roncayulo (Musics Variada)
14.30 a 17.30 Horoscope y sus Estrellas (Musics Tropical Andina)
17.30 a 18.00 Mtlsica a su gusto (Mtlsica Variada)
18.00 a 19.00 Arco Iris (Los Shapis) (Musica Tropical Andina)
19.00 a 20.00 Rocio Tropical (Vicko (Musics Tropical Andina)
Karicia)
20.00 a 20.30 El Diario de Uni6n (Noticiero-3era. E)nisi6n)
20.30 a 21.30 SUper Deports (Periodistico-Deportivo)
21,30 a 24.00 Hor6scopo y sus Estrellas (Musics Tropical Andina)
00.00 Himno Nacional

AM - 880 Kie. OC - 6115 Kls.

STATION STAf"F & THE rRITER

AT AUDITOR/Ult
- 40 -

PUBLICIDAD C0MERCIAL
RADIO VA MIS A S. R. LTD A.
Av. Tiena 215 ◄ to. Pl'° Lima.
ONOA MEDIA OAX ◄X 780 Kcs.
Telifs. 276l ◄ l • 271195
ONDA CORT A OAX ◄ Q 6,0l0 Kcs · ( Banda do 49 M.)

RADIO VICTORIA

Radio Victoria is one of the old radio stations in Lima and

their SW signal (6020 kHz OAX-4Q) was caught all over the world. The
studios of Radio Victoria are located at the 4th floor of a building
at famous street Av. Tacna 215, downtown Lima. In Lima, scale of
radio stations is comparatively large and many stations have
"Horario de Atenci6n" (o ffice hour), which is from Monday to Friday,
09:00 to 17:00 normally. When you visit a radio station in Lima, it
is recommended to try in the normal working hours, or you may be
driven back. I visited their studios on March 9, 1989 to obtain a
QSL.

History of the Station

In the period of World War ll, Jose Eduardo Cavero, the founder
of Radio Victoria, wanted to purchase a transmitter for a new radio
station . There were two alternatives to obtain the transmitter: one
is to import from abroad; the other is to buy domestical 1 y either
new or used one. But it was, of course, impossible to import one
during the war. He tried to buy an old equipment of "RCA" that Radio
Castellano had been using, but this was not successful because the
proprietor d i d not agree. He had to wait for the time to make his
plan true.
The German firm "Telefunken" had been constructing a transmit -
ting plant at Av. Argentina to inaugurate a radio station. When
World War ll was declared, all the German properties in Peru were
confiscated. Nobody wanted to continue the plan any more except Jose
Eduardo Cavero. He complete d the unfinished installation with so
much effort. There was no antenna. He ordered to construct an
antenna tower made of wood. It was still impossible to obta in neces -
sary steel because of the consequence of the war. The antenna was
100 meters high and was made of pine tree fastened with wire, as
there were no cables available, either. All the equipment of the new
radio station was arranged by Carlos Touzart del Solar, former em-
ployee of Radio Nacional. Alfonso Pereyra, the engineer, supervised
the process. The directors of the new radio station were Jose
Eduardo Cavero Andrade, Laura Dubois de Cavero, Jaime Cavero and
Oscar Cavero. The station was named "Radio Victoria" for the honor
of the Allied Powers of the War . Appropriately the first theme from
Symphony No. 5 of Beethoven was selected as the character of the
station. Three short beats and one long one. "V" in Morse alphabet:
"V" of Victory.

On April 9, 1944, Radio Victoria was inaugurated. "Lecuona

Cuban Boys" from Cuba was invited to participate in the inauguration
ceremony. Soon Radio Vict oria became well-known for their contract:
the radio station paid much money, even to be called "the mil-
lionaire". In effect, they had very good artists for programs and
kept excellent announcers and staff, who came from the other radio
stations for the lure of a well-paid job. In 1950, 14 radio stations
existed in Lima. Young radio stations at that time like Radio
 - 41-

Central, Radio Mundial, Radio America and Radio Victoria, dominated

the major part of the audience. The announcers and staff of radio
stations at that time were not always working for the same station :
Juan Silva Villacorta first worked at Radio Lima, then at Radio
Central, at Radio America and finally at Radio Victoria; Carlos
Alfonso Delgado began his career in Radio Internacional, soon
succeeded in Radio America and came to Radio Victoria; Juan Ramirez
Lazo began his work at Radio Huacho, next worked at Radio Central
with his brother Fidel, at Radio Excelsior, at Radio Victoria and
now he is a station manager of Radio Cora.

Radio stations
generally begins a
day's broadcast with
Andean music and
then plays morning
news as "noticio-
sos", "informati-
vos", "reporters",
"radioperi6dicos" or
"boletines". In
1950°s, the most
popular news pro-
grams were "El Re-
porter Essa" of Ra-
dio America and
"Radioperi6dico El
Mundo" of Radio Vic-
toria. The former
was broadcasted 4
times daily, in a
style of newspaper
carrier, picked up STATION STAFF OF RADIO VICTORIA
stiff news with a
brief commentary.
The latter was on the air at 07: 30 a. m. every morning, in a com -
pletely opposite style to the former: what the public was interested
in were the editorial commentary and its point of view. Jose Eduardo
Cavero, the owner, wrote the commentary and Juan Ramirez Lazo read
it in the program. "Nos preocupa ... • ("We are worried ... ") was the
phrase with which the people in Lima woke up. The news then was gen-
erally much controlled by the government, but "Radioperi6dico El
Mundo" made a comment on all the topics: from the smallest and per-
sonal misfortune to the biggest problem that all the Peruvians were
worried about. This sometimes drove ministers and even the President
into a corner.

(Bibliography: "O• A• X-Cr6nica de la Radio en el Peru-(1925-1980)"

by Alonso Alegria/Radioprogramas Editores, Lima, Peru . 1988)

Station Personnel as of March 1989

Gerente General Santiago Salcedo Gutierrez

Gerente de Programaci6n Yolvi Traverso
Secretaria Ana Mendoza Corso
Locutores Hugo Almanza Duran
Hugo Almanza Rosado
Jose Quir6s
German Villalobos
- 42 -

RADIO SANTA ROSA

RA.D10 I made a DXpedition at Miyako City, Iwate

Prefecture, northeastern part of Japan with
s ome RNM'ers from December 22, 1985 to January
~anta :feosa 2, 1986 . This aimed to listen to special
broadcasting programs on Christmas and New
JR CAMANA 170
C ASILLA 4451 Year's days. The condition was so good that we
TELF , 277-188
LIMA · PER U could catch many difficult - to-hear radio sta-
tions. On January 2, 1986, the last day of the
DXped i tion, I caught this rarely - heard s ta-
t ion, Radio San ta Rosa, from 09: 23 to 10: 03 UTC on 6045 kHz (OCY-
4H) . The reception of this radio station has not been reported in
Japan since then as far as I know.

On March 26, 1988, I visited Radio Santa Rosa with my DX friend

Sr . Pedro F. Arrunategui to obtain a QSL, which had not been issued
for my reception report. The studios of Radio Santa Rosa are
situated in "Convento de Santo Domingo" at the first block of Jr.
Camana, downtown Lima, near the famous open - air market, "Polvos
Azules" (Blue Dust). We looked around the Convent and then entered
the station office of Radio Santa Rosa. Padre Juan Sokolich, Di-
rector, some journalists and operaters welcomed us very much .

I was invited to participate in the 31st anniversary party of

Radio Santa Rosa, which was held at "Convento de Santo Domingo" on
October 15, 1989. First, Padre Jorge A. Cuadros Pastor, ex - director,
read a brief Mass in a chapel. Some children with a religious
costume sang hymn and danced. Then we went on to the Convent's
courtyard. There we had a stand - up lunch served with fine Chilean
wine. A Mexican music group played some mariachi songs and we
enjoyed very much. There were many TV and newspaper's reporters.
Among them I could talk with Padre A. Cuadros Pastor and Padre Juan
Sokolich, present director of the radio, who remembered me at a
glance and welcomed my participation.
History of the Station

Radio Santa Rosa

was inaugurated on
October 15, 1958. In
this year the first
Peruvian TV broadcast
(Canal 7) started, and
immediately some other
TV stations were inau -
gurated. It was a
period when radio was
competing with newly-
born mass media sys -
tem, TV. At that time
there were more than
20 radio stations in
Lima and it was feared
to inaugurate a new
radio station that
would have many
rivals. Radio Santa
Rosa pertains to the (FROM THE RIGHT) PADRE CUADROS PASTOR,
order of "los Padres SRTA. MARITZA GUARDIA G., ex-SECRETARY &
Dominicos" . It was THE WRITER
thought that strong
ties with the church
 - 43 -

would lead to
making the station
long-lived and
their activities
fruitful. And the
church recognized
the possibility of
radio as the most
efficient method of
mass media which
could send culture,
ideas, education,
opinion, informa-
tion and faith to
the public. Radio
Santa Rosa appeared
by the initiation
of Provincial Reve -
rendo Padre Hum -
berto Molano, and
the first director
PADRE SOKOL/CH (THE SECOND PROM THE RIGHT), was Padre Isnardo
STATION STAPP & THE ffRITER M. Huaita Canales .
The studios were
installed in "Convent de Santo Domingo", and the transmitter had a
power of kW at that time. The program was inclined to cultural
content. As of 1991 they have 10 kW transmitter for MW (OBX - 4I 1500
kHz) and 3 kW for SW. SW transmission was of ten interrupted in
1 980' s because of a technical problem. I heard that Padre Jorge A .
Cuadros Pastor bought a certain parts to readjust SW transmitter on
his religious work t o the United States in 1989 . As of 1991 they are
on the air on 6045 kHz .

(Bibliography : "O• A• X-Cr6nica de la Radio en el Peru - (1925 - 1980)"

by Alonso Alegr ia/Ra dioprogramas Editores, Lima, Peru. 1988)

QSL Information

While Padre Jorge A. Cuadros XXV ANIVERSARIO

Pastor was the station director until
1981, they say he used to answer re -
ception reports. But Padre Juan Soko -
lich, present director, does not have
much interest in answering reception
reports. I do not recommend you to
POSITIVAHElfE rn,u1oa
include US doller cash for the cost of
1151 15 OCT\IIRE 1113
return postage in respect of this sta -
tion . But if you do wis h to do the
financial contri but ion to "Convent de
Santo Domingo", you may do it. I strongly recommend you to send your
personal letter with your nice photo to the secretaries of the
station. If they like you, they will send you lots o f presents . That
is my experience, hi.

Station Identification
"Programaci6n variada, mUsica continental, contenido y mensaje
cristiano, Ud. escucha Radio Santa Rosa, su frecuencia familiar . "
"En todo el Peru, Ud. sintoniza Radio Santa Rosa."
-44 -

RAD I 0

Program of Radio Santa Rosa as of 1988

Monday to Friday
04:50 AERTURA - HIHNO NACIONAL-BUENOS DIAS SENOR
05:00 CAHINANDO POR LAS CUHBRES DEL PERU FOLKLOR
06:00 ANGELUS/EL COHENTARIO EVANGELICO
EL SANTO ROSARIO/EL SANTO DEL DIA
07:00 EL MUNDO DE LA NOTICIA NOT!CIERO
08:00 EDITORIAL
08:05 CANTA EL PERU FOLKLOR
09:00 PROGRAHAS EDUCATIVOS---<:ULTURALES:
LUNES CJRCULO CHOPIN
MARTES HOTORES EN ACCION
HIERCOLES : LA FUERZA PSIQUICA DEL HOMBRE
JUEVES : HUSICA EN CASTELLANO
VIERNES : HISA
10:00 HOTORES EN ACCION ESPECIALIZADO
I 1:00 ESTUDIANDO CON AMOR MUSICAL
12:00 ANGELUS
12:05 RADIO PERIODJCO LA VERDAD NOTICJERO
13:00 NOTAS MUSICALES DEL PERU HUS ICAL---<:R !OLLA
14:00 PASILLOS DEL ALMA MUSICAL
14:30 AS! CANTA MEXICO MUSICAL
15 :00 PENTAGRAMA SENTIMENTAL HUS I CAL-BOLERO
16:30 CANDILEJAS HUSICAL-JUVENIL
17:00 EDITORIAL
17:05 RECUERDOS JUVENILES HUSICAL-RECUERDO
17:30 TESTIHONIO NOTICIERO
18:00 ANGELUS
18:05 TESTIHON IO NOTICIERO
18:30 EL SANTO ROSARIO
19:30 PROGRAMAS RELIGIOSOS - CULTURALES:
LUNES EHBAJADA FRANCESA
MARTES HARTIN Y LOS DOHINICOS
HIERCOLES : PARA UN HOGAR FELIZ
JUEVES : EL ROSTRO DE LA CIUDAD
VIERNES : HUSICA RELIGIOSA
20:00 LA HORA DEL DEPORTE DEPORTIVO
20:30 AIRES DEL NORTE FOLKLOR
21:00 ANORANZAS CAJAHARQUINAS FOLKLOR
22:00 CANC!ONES Y HELODIAS DEL RECUERDO MUSICAL
23:00 FANTASIA MUSICAL
23:30 LAICOS EN HARCHA
23:40 HIHNO NACIONAL ---<:JERRE-
Saturdays_
04:50 APERTURA - HIHNO NACIONAL-BUENOS DIAS SENOR
05:00 HINKA LA VOZ DE LA LIBERTAD FOLKLOR
06:00 ANGELUS/EL SANTO DEL DIA
EL CEHENTARIO EVENGELICO/EL SANTO ROSARIO
07 00 EL MUNDO DE LA NOTICIA NOTICIERO
08 00 EDITORIAL
08 05 CANTA EL PERU FOLKLOR
09 00 VIVIENDA EN ACCION ESPECIALIZADO
10 00 SUPLEHENTO LA VERDAD REVISTA
11 00 NUESTRA AMERICA HUSJCA LATINOAHERICANA
12 00 ANGELUS
 - 45-

12 05 SALSA-EXCLUSIVO
13 00 RAFAEL Y SUS CANCIONES HUSICAL
14 00 LOS INVIDENTES Y EL HUNDO DE LA CULTURA ESPECIALIZADO
14 30 FRATERNIDAD ESPECIALIZADO
15 00 HAGAZINE RADIAL HUSICAL
16 00 SABADOS HUSICALES HUSICAL
17 00 EDITORIAL
17 05 SABADOS HUSICALES HUSICAL
18 00 ANGELUS
18 05 RADIO CLUB INFANTIL ESPECIALIZADO
18 30 EL SANTO ROSARIO
19 30 LOS CATECUHENOS
20 00 SUENO Y REALIDAD FOLKLOR
21 30 ATRADECER DE NIEPOS FOLKLOR
22 00 PAGINAS DEL RECUERDO BOLEROS
23 00 LAICOS EN HARCHA
23 10 HIHNO NACIONAL -CIERRE-

04 50 APERTURA-HIHNO NACIONAL- BUENOS DIAS SENOR

05 00 HINKA LA VOZ DE LA LIBERTAD FOLKLOR
06 00 HELODIAS DEL NORTE FOLKLOR
07 00 HISA
08 00 PROGRAHAS RELIGIOSOS
09 00 ENTRE LINEAS CULTURAL
10 00 VIVENCIAS HUSICALES HUSICAL JUVENIL
11 00 AL ENCUENTRO DEL SENOR CATOLICO
12 00 ANGELUS
12 05 LOS AHIGOS DE TONY INFANTIL
13 00 NUESTRA VIDA ESP EC IALI ZADO
14 00 DEPORTE
18 00 ANGELUS
18 05 HUSICA RELIGIOSA
18 50 SANTO ROSARIO
19 30 FIESTA PERUANA FOLKLOR
20 00 SEHBLANZA LATINOAHERICANA HUSICAL
21 00 SAN HIGUEL Y SUS CANCIONES FOLKLOR
22 00 SUENO Y REALIDAD FOLKLOR
22 30 NIEPOS FOLKLOR
23 05 HIHNO NACIONAL - CIERRE-

RADIO STA. ROSA]

- 46-

RADIO INCA DEL PERU

My first visiting and the most memorable Latin American country

is Peru. During my stay in the capital of Lima in February 1988, the
famous Peruvian DX'er, Sr . Pedro F. Arrunategui kindly let me stay
at his house. We talked a lot about our common interest of DX and he
took me to some radio stations around Santa Beatriz, Lince and Mira -
flores district by his car.

I visited the studios of Radio Inca del Peru on March 24, 1988,
which is situated on Jr. Bernardo Alcedo No. 375, Lince district. I
took a local yellow bus rute No. 1 from downtown Lima (There are two
types of local bus system in Lima: one is commercial and the other
yellow painted is state - operated), and I asked the driver to let me
get off at the 19th block of Av. Arequipa where Jr. Bernardo Alcedo
lies across. At the entrance of the station, a watchman checked my
identification and I was allowed to enter. The famous RNM'er, Mr .
Takayuki Inoue had previously visited this radio station and he gave
me an introduction to Sr. Jorge Irei Inamine, Technical Manager. He
is a Nikkei (those have the origin of Japanese immigrants) . I told
him about Mr . Inoue and he welcomed me so much, showing me around
the station . On October 12, 1989, during my second stay in Lima, I
visited again this station to say hello to him and he gave me the
following information.

In October, 1989, Ra-

dio Inca del Peru was car-
rying out experimental
transmission of FM (OCZ - 4P
107.1 MHz) with a power of
65 W, which could be heard
only around the station
area. In December, 1989, .;
they started a full power
transmission with 10 kW by
the transmitter "Telavo
RDFM - lOOOOA" (Made in Bra -
zil) US$48, 000 with the
antenna "Shively Labs"
(Made in U.S.A.) US$ 27,
000. As of 1989, about 45
persons were working at
the station. They had a
plan to broadcast on SW
again on 4770 kHz from
March, 1990, which has not
been realized until writ -
ing this article in Decem -
ber, 1991. Another plan
was to have its own chicha
music program on MW and a
more elegant chicha pro-
gram for SW and FM paral-
lelly. The reason why the I •[IV •11 !;10 Kl l 7

SW transmission has been onda medio

interrupted is as follows: f" V '1 \~, 11 TrJ!-( 11 7
Power outage happens so ondo COi to
1rcp.:c~
often, almost everyday in
Lima. To cope with this
situation, Radio Inca del
Peru equipped with a
genera tor. However, it is
regrettable that the
capacity is not so large,
 - 47 -

as to be capable of
supplying electricity
to MW and SW trans -
mitters simultaneous-
1 y. Therefore, the
station gives priority
to the MW transmitter
with 10 kW. The MW on
540 kHz (OBX-4E)
covers 70% of whole
Peru, and they receive
many letters from MW
audience in Peru,
Ecuador, Chile. A let-
ter from Ayacucho
says, "Radio Inca is
local for us. Sr.
Jorge Irei also told
RADIO FRECUENCIA 1470 (NOW RADIO /NCA me that to inaugurate
DEL PERU) AT AV. t' / /, SON { PHOTO BY MR. one normal scale radio
TETSUYA HIRAHARA IN MARCH, /980) station in the capital
Lima it would cost
about US$ 200,000 for equipment, salary of workers, etc. In respect
of the same named radio station Radio Inca, Bai'los del Inca (4238
kHz), he said, "There are many clandestine radio stations in Peru.
One day I received that station with my Kenwood R- 1000 receiver and
sent them a letter and stickers of my station Radio Inca del Peru.",
the moment he said so, I told him that when I visited Radio Inca,
Bai'los del Inca, I saw that sticker on the wall of operating room. He
said as a joke, "What a station!. They copied our station name. I
have to go to inspect that kind of clandestine stations and report
to Ministerio de Transportes y Comunicaciones . " hi.

In 1954,
Radio Inca del
Peru was born by
the initiative
of Bartolome
Dextre Frey le
and Augusto Irei
Shimabukuro.
They purchased
Radio Restau-
raci6n de Lima
(OBX - 4E 1470
kHz) , changed
its station name
and put the
transmitting e -
quipment at Av. Wilson. They began the transmission with the
programs which were dedicated to vast Japanese colony, getting
rapidly the preference of such a distinguishing public. One of the
popular programs was "La Hora Radial Japonesa". Many actual music
like salsa was played, too .

(Bibliography: "O• A• X- Cr6nica de la Radio en el Peru-(1925-1980)"

by Alonso Alegria/Radioprogramas Editores, Lima, Peru. 1988)

Main Personnel

Gerente General Augusto Shozen Irei Shimabukuro

Gerente Tecnico Jorge Luis Irei Inamine
Gerente de Producci6n Jose Augusto Irei !mane
-48-

CORPOOACION ELECTRONICA rERUANI\ S. A.

nADIO INCA DEL PERU
Jr. Bern:mlo /\lcedo No. 37.'i
Tcl~fo110 71-8266
l.iw-r. l .im::a l 11

PROGRAMACION HABITUAL

HORARIO NOMBRE DEL PROGRAMA GRUPOS MUSICALES

00:00 EXPLOSION RITMICA GRUPO LOS ECOS

01:00 TRADICIONES FOLKLORICAS TROPICALANDINO

02:00 MAS ALLA DE LA MEDIANOCHE TROPICALANDINO

03:00 MAS ALLA DE LA MEDIANOCHE TROPICALANDINO

04:00 AMANECER HUANCA FOLKLORE HUANCAINO

05:00 LA VOZ DE CHILQUES GENESIS/VICO & SU GRUPO KARICIA

06:00 PRODISAR Y SUS EXITOS CHACALON/WANKAS/FOLKLORE

07:00 PURA CHICHA SENTIMIENTO/LOS OVNIS/VICO

08:00 SABOR TROPICALANDINO AUN & SU GRUPO MARKAHUASI

09:00 PINCELADAS MUSICALES GRUPO PINTURA ROJA

10:00 FUEGO TROPICAL GRUPO GUINDA

11:00 FAMILIA MUSICAL MANTARO/WANKf.S/MARA VILLA

12:00 FAMILIA MUSICAL PUMITA ANDY Y SUS GENIALES

13:00 SHAPIMANIA GRUPO LOS SHAPI'S

14:00 LA VOZ DE SAN LORENZO DE QUINT( FOLKLORE/TROPICALANDINO

15:00 ROCIO TROPICAL VICO & SU GRUPO KARICIA

16:00 SUPER CLAN ALEGRIA GRUPO ALEGRIA

17:00 ATARDECER TROPICALANDINO GRUPO BELEN

18:00 SABOR TROPICALANDINO AUN & SU GRUPO MARKAHUASI

19:00 FUEGO TROPICAL GRUPO GUINDA

20:00 EL SUPER SHOW DE TONGO TONGO Y SU GRUPO IMAGINACION

21:00 ENCUENTRO MUSICAL ALEGRIA/PINTURA ROJA

22:00 LA HORA DEL VIRREY GRUPO GUINDA

23:00 GARRA MUSICAL GRUPO LOS LEONES

::rnca JO~GE IREI INAMINE

GERENT£ TECNICO
 - 49 -

COMPA~"IA RADIOFONICA LIMA, S.A.

WSillADIO Onda media OBZ - 4W - 600 - KHz

;i~COR~ Onda Corta Tropical OAZ - 4N - 3270 - KHz

RADIO CORA
On July 7, 1990, SW service of Radio Cora was heard on 4915 kHz
(OAZ - 4N) by one of the RNM'ers, Mr. Takeshi Sejimo. When I visited
this station in 1989, I was told that they would begin SW transmis-
sion in a very near future. Finally it was realized. Radio Cora is
familiar to some Japanese DX'ers and Nikkei (those who have Japanese
origin living in Peru), because of its regular Japanese program.
I visited Radio Cora, whose official name is Compai'\ia Radio -
f6nica Lima S.A., on March 9, 1989. The studios are situated at the
first floor of Centro Civico, near the Canadian Airlines Office, in
the downtown Lima . In this area there are some other radio stations
like Radio La Cr6nica, Radio El Sol, and it is possible to visit
them on foot. I was very kindly welcomed by the station staff and
they showed me over the station. The first floor is the reception
for the public. Studios, opera ting room, record 1 ibrary and so on
occupy the second floor . They took me to an on air studio, where two
little boys were talking to the microphone . They were DJs of the
rock music program, Sr. Carlos Alberto Rodriguez R., 13 years old,
and Sr. Ricardo Rodriguez R . , 11. I was a little surprised at this
because I have not seen so young announcers yet. Then they forced me
to record some Japanese announcements for their Japanese program,
"La Hora del Jap6n" (The Time of Japan) . The program includes a
little old Japanese songs and information about Nikkei and Japan,
and is on the air from 10: 00 to 11 : 00 on Sundays. The
next Sunday I was
expecting to hear my
voice in the program
but unfortunately it
was not realized. I
do not know why ... I
am of the opinion
that the Japanese
programs in Latin
America is generally
out of fashion, they
play very old songs,
maybe it is diffi-
cult to get hit
music of distant
country. And the
style of program is
for the old people,
because nowadays
those who can under -
stand Japanese lan - --
guage are normally
the old people . STUDIOS OF RADIO CORA

There are many radio stations in Lima, 34 in MW and 22 in FM as

of October, 1989. I think Radio Cora is not so popular radio station
among the people in Lima because they have a short history on their
operation (the first official transmission was started on January 1,
1986), and, generally, people tend to tune to FM stations for its
clear sound nowadays. Therefore, it is necessary to be different
from the rival stations. Radio Cora must have their own originali -
ty. To have a Japanese program, to broadcast in SW band, to use
younger DJs . .. these are some Cora's characters to keep more
audience.
-50-

Main Personnel as of March, 1989

Director/Gerente Juan Ramirez Lazo

Gerente Oswaldo Vasquez Cerna
Secretaria Eleana Requena Araujo

Station Identification

Each half an hour the following canned station identification

can be heard: "Radio Cora del Peru de la Compai'iia Radiof6nica Lima
Sociedad An6nima. Transmite en onda media OBZ - 4W 600 kcs desde
Lima."

P R O G R A MA C I O N
De Lunes a Sabado

04.30 Sintonfa con Musica Criolla

05.00 Un viaje imaginario
05.20 Avance de "Las Not ici as... el radioperiodico de
Cora,con Juan Ramfrez Lazo''
05.50 Buenos Dfos
Himno Nacional
Oracion
Saludo
06.00 EL Pensamiento
Sfntesis de:
Nota Editorial
. Correspondencia
. Comentario Ajeno
06.10 Nos Preocupa . ..
06.20 Que dicen nuestros oyentes?
06.40 La Oracion de hoy (r)
06.45 Las Nol fetas... el radioperiodico de Cora, con Juan
Ramfrez Lazo•
Cab I es
01.00 Sfntesis de:

-. ..,,~a·-•......
Nota editorial
Correspondencia
Comentario Ajeno
Servicio Necrologico
Temperatura
01.15 Nacionales
Corresponsales
....
--~KHz
Entrevistas ~
08.00 Pagina Central:
Edi tori al
. Cartas
. Comentario Ajeno
08.30 Oracion de Hoy (r}
Informaciones de la Iglesia
Notas Femeninas
Saludos de cumpleanos
08.40 Sfntesis de Cables
08.50 s,ntesis de Nacionales
09.00 Temperatura
Servicio Necrologico
09.10 Fin de "Las Noticlas ••. "
09.10 Cancionero Ptatense
09.40 Variedades en Espanol
12.00 EL Sentir Latino americano
13.00 2da. Edicion de "Las Noticias ... "
14. 00 Mundo sabre Ruedas, con Mauricio Cortes GAivez
 - 51-

16.00 Al son de Cora:

- 2 salsa
- 1 Balada
- 2 salsa
- 1 bolero
- 2 salsa (Sonora Matancera)
17. 30 Fiesta Huasteca
18.00 Cancionero Ecuatoriano
19.00 La Voz del Deporte, con Miguel Portanova Claros
20.00 Fiesta Criolla
21. 00 Boleros
22.00 3era. Edici6n de "Las Not icias ... "
23.00 Cancionero Platense
23.30 Al Son de Cora
23.55 Oract6n del dfa (r)
Himno Nacional
Despedida.

P R O G R A MA C I O N
DOMI N I C A L

05.30 Sintonfa - Musica Instrumental

05.50 Buenos Dfas
Himno Nacional
Saluda
06.00 Musica y Noticias
Bloques de cinco minutos coda una, conteniendo una
canci6n y noticias cortas.
06.35 El evangelio de hoy
Comentario y explicaci6n de la l iturgia
06.45 Las Not icias ... el radioperi6dico de Cora, con Juan
Ramfrez Lazo
07.00 Servicio Necrol6gico
07.05 Temperatura
07.10 Las Nacionales
08.00 Selecci6n de Editoriales
Selecci6n de Cartas
Selecci6n del Comentario Ajeno
08.40 Servicio Necrologico
08 . 50 Fin de "Las Noticias ... "
09.00 Cancionero Platense
09.30 Boleros
10.00 La Hora del Japan
11. 00
12.00
13.00
13.30
Baladas
Sobremesa Criolla
El Sentir Latinoamericano
Cancionero Platense
RADIO
14.00 Al Son de Cora
- 2 Salsa
- 1 Balado
- 2 Salsa
- 1 Bolero
- 2 Salsa
COR"
18.00 Cancionero Ecuatoriano
19.00 Fiesta Criolla
21. 00 Romance Musical
22.00 Una cita con los grandes de la musica
23.00 Al son de Cora
23.05 Himno Nacional
Despedida
Lima, 08 de Marzo de 1989

CENTRO CMCO, LIMA 1 PERU TELEFONOS 316028 - 312359

- 52 -

94.1 MHz FM - 1,010 Onda M1di1

3,240 kHz. 90 m. -8,010 kHi. 49 m. - 9,510 kHz. 31 m.

RADIO AMERICA

In Lima, some radio stations are assoc ia ted with TV stations.

Radio America and America Televisi6n (Canal 4) are one of these
examples. Radio America is a well-organized radio station and its
scale is comparatively large. They are officially permitted to
broadcast on 1010 kHz (OAX - 4U) , 3240 kHz (OBX-4U) , 6010 kHz (OAX-
4V), 9510 kHz (OAX - 4W) and 94.1 MHz (OCY - 4L) to cover the whole
country. Its SW signal had reached all the way Japan. It seems that
transmissions in the 90 & 31 mb are inactive as of December, 1991 .

I visited their
studios, located at
Montero Rosas 1099,
Santa Beatriz dis -
trict, on June 2,
1989. At the recep -
tion I met a man who
was sulky and dis-
gusted . He could not
understand my pur-
pose of visit. He
said that I had to
call up before
coming to make an
appointment. I was
driven back by him.
On October 14, 1989,
I tried again . This
time there was
another reception-
ist. She intr oduced
me to the secretary STATION SIGNBOARD
of station maneger . (PHOTO BY MR. TAKAYUKI INOUH}
In fact I did not make any previous appointment. I was allowed to
enter the manager's room and talked a little with the secretary and
an announcer. Sr . Luis Angel Pinasco, Gerente, was not at the
station on that day . They could not spare so much time for me
because of work. So I could not obta in much information as I had
expected. As soon as they issued me a QSL, I had to go out of the
station.

History of the Station

On January 15, 1942 in

Companfa Peruana Lima, Antonio Umbert founded
"Compai'iia Peruana de Radio -
de Radiodifusion S. A. difusi6n S. A.", associating
with Ivan Blume and with Jose
Bolivar and Jorge Carcovich
of Radio Lima. The purpose of Umbert was to create a new and modern
radio station. A building of "Compai'l.ia Peruana de Radiodifusi6n
S.A." was constructed at the Ocoi'l.a street, in downtown Lima. Radio
Lima, Radio Goicochea and Radio Miraflores formed themselves into
this company. And the company was about to found a new radio sta-
tion, Radio America.

On April 15, 1942, Radio America began their transmission on

1030 kHz (OAX - 4U) 5965 kHz (OAX - 4V) and 9445 kHz (OAX-4W) . The
transmitters were installed at Av. Argentina. The three-story sta-
 - 53 -

tion building of Radio America had an auditorium for 200 persons.

The studios were full equipped with modern microphones, record
players, console mixer and so on . Radio America appeared on the dial
with famous orchestras and fore i gn singers, who were specially in-
vited to participate in the program . Jose Delgado Otero (of Radio
Continental in Arequipa) and Armando Ortiz Lambert (from Radio Na-
cional) were the principal announcers, who animated the radio sta-
tion . Radio America was supported by "Compai'iia Peruana de Radio-
difusi6n S.A . " in the way of allied rad i o stations, especially the
prof it of Radio Lima. In this way Radio America started to succeed.
Little by little Radio America got to be a principal broadcaster of
the group of "Compai'iia Peruana de Radiodifusi6n S . A . ".

(Bibliography: "O• A• X-Cr6n i ca de la Radio en el Peru-(1925 - 1980) •

by Alonso Alegria/Radioprogramas Ed i tores, Lima, Peru. 1988)

Estamos en=
aml!ric,114~.
**** VO•
Muy Pronto ••JQoth'<1tetr0
** ''EL RETO **
* MUNDIAL'' **
* *
******
PREPARATE ...
~ AM 1010

- FM 94.1
ESQ. MARIANO CARRANZA Y MONTERO ROSAS 1089 · TELEFONOS: 7281185 • 7141811
TELEX: 20217 • CABLE: CANAL 4 · CASILLA: 1192 LIMA.PERU
-54-

Pmo de la Republica ;•91 Pita 19 - Edificio Ang!o Peruano - Pim Grau Telelone mm Casilla

P\filu Grau

RADIO LA CRONICA
Radio La Cr6nica is one of the historic radio stations in Lima.
The station had kept the first ranking place of audience rating for
many years. They are authorized to broadcast on 1320 kHz (OAX- 4I 10
kW) and 9520 kHz (OAX - 4J 5 kW) but their SW service has been
interrupted for years.

On March 10, 1989, I v i sited their studios, located on Paseo de

la Republ i ca 291, Edificio Anglo Peruano 19th floor, in the southern
part of downtown Lima. "Hotel Sheraton" and "Palacio de Justicia"
are situated nearby . I talked with Sr. Jorge Florian Alvarado,
Gerente, who is also Gerente de Radio Nacional Pachacutec . He works
at Radio Nacional from 06:00 to 14:00 and at Radio La Cr6nica in the
afternoon.

History of the Station

In 1935, one radio station surged by the initiative of a

Spanish citizen, Don Antonio Vasquez Pequeno . It was called Radio
Internacional and broadcasted on 1320 kHz (OAX - 4I) and on SW (OAX -
4J). Their transmitting plant was located at Av. Argentina and the
studios in Olaya. This was a beginning of Radio La Cr6nica, which is
for 56 years on the air as of 1991. Later, Radio Internacional
changed its station name to Radio Colonial .

From 1953, new radio stations were born to overthrow those

which had been in triumph for a long time. The radio was a very
i mportant journalistic mass media then. And just two old daily
newspaper companies
got an interest in
having their own
radio stations. The
daily "La Cr6nica",
whose proprietor was
the Prado familiy ,
acquired Radio Colo -
nial. After oper -
a ting for some time
wit h the station
name of Radio Colo -
nial, they closed
it. They moved the
equipment from Av.
Argentina to the
daily's modern
building and began
to operate again,
now with the name of
Radio La Cr6nica . ENTRANCE OF RADIO LA CRON/CA.
 - 55-

Radio La Cr6nica organized their program on the basis of radio

novel. They were in contact with many famous actors of radio
theater. Little by little, Radio La Cr6nica was being a competitor
with the other radio stations dedicated to radio novel and soon was
established as the most important "novelera" (novelistic) station.
The success of Radio La Cr6nica made the daily sell well.

In 1950' s, the typical format of radio program was entertain-

ment: basical 1 y radio novel and comedy. With out doubt, radio novel
had been a fundamental attraction for audience for many years. Radio
La Cr6nica specialized in radio novel and kept the first place of
ranking. As music was taking the place of radio novel, many radio
novel stations began to vary its program toward music. But Radio La
Cr6nica always gave a series of radio novels. Radio Programas del
Peru (RPP) appeared phenomenally in 1963 and was getting much
audience. But RPP could not drop Radio La Cr6nica from the pinnacle.
Radio La Cr6nica had dominated others thanks to the block of radio
novel. They had so many groups of successful radio novels, it was a
block . The people who listen to some radio novel are used to tune to
the same radio station to follow the consequence. It was difficult
to move dial because of laziness and custom. The public were planted
in the block of Radio La Cr6nica's radio novels.

(Bibliography: "o • A• X-Cr6nica de la Radio en el Peru- ( 1925-1980)"

by Alonso Alegria/Radioprogramas Editores, Lima, Peru. 1988)

Radio
LA CRON/CA1320 K/1.0C/CLOS

Radio La Cronica S. A. lnscrilo en ti Aii~nlo 14 de fojas 448 det tomo 57 de _Sociedades de·1 Registrn Mm:anl il de Lima
- 56 -

RADIO CONTINENTAL

Arequipa is the capital of Department of

~ the same name with the population of some
AADIO TELEVISIOO 600,000 . The city is located at 2335 meters
ONT ENTAL SA
above sea level on the foothills of three
volcanos: Chachani (6075ml, Pichu Pichu (5554ml
and Misti (5822m) . Arequipa is called "La
Ciudad Blanca" (White City) , named after its
white buildings made of ashlar (Chachani's
petrif i ed volcanic ash). It is a beautiful colonial style city with
a typical climate of mountainous region (sierra), i. e., there are
two seasons: dry and wet a year. The rainy season begins in December
and finishes in March. The people in mountainous area call the rainy
se as on as winter, though the Southern Hemisphere is in summer in
this time.

I first visited this city in February, 1988, taking one of the

famous long-distance bus companies of Peru, "Tepsa" . This company
uses the used buses of "Grayhound Company" of the U. S.A. so the
passengers can feel better than taking other ragged buses, hi . It
took about 18 hours from Lima to Arequipa, passing Ica and Nasca .
Almost all the passengers were Peruvian people. As I bought my
ticket (approximately US$ 5) in much anticipation, I could take a
seat with a front view . The bus was running lightly on Panamericana
Sur (Pan American highway South). I noticed that coastal part of the
Peruvian land i s mostly a great expanse of desert. The bus stopped
some t i mes at drive - in to have a meal and to rest . There is always a
cheap restaurant where the bus stops (you may be stuffed with US$
1), because the passengers are generally · poor people, for that
reason they choose bus instead of airplane. As the bus was getting
cl~ser to the destination, passengers became friends each other and
talked a lot about everyth i ng, from the politics to favor i te food . I
think Peruv ian people are very friendly and light-hearted . Well, it
was really a long way f r om Lima and finally I got to Arequ i pa .
I visited Rad i o Continental on February 23, 1988 . This was my
firs t experience of station visit i n Latin America . Before leav i ng
hotel , I wrote down on a paper my purpose of vis it and questions
that I wanted to ask
the station person -
ne l , because I
thought the thing
would go conven - , /_,, /
i ently if I did so .
My Spanish conver -
sation was insuf-
ficient then . I went
out o f the hotel to
have a lunch first .
I sat in a cheap
restaurant and had
some typical food of
Arequipa. I asked
the waitress, who
was an indigena (in-
dian people) , where
Av . Independencia
lied . I followed her
answer and made my
way to Av . Indepen -
dencia 56 . It took STATION BUILDING AT AV. INDEPENDENCIA
some 30 minutes on
 - 57 -

foot from downtown, actually I lost myself on the way so I asked a

boy who walked closer to me how I could get to Radio Continental. He
kindly accompanied me almost near to the station. I continued
walking along Av. Independencia and finally I found a station
building of Radio Continental & TV Canal 6. It was a pretty good and
modern bu il ding with a large signboard. The reception was near the
entrance. I showed the prepared paper to a secretary and she told me
to wait for a moment. While I was waiting sitting on a lonuge, a man
with beard sat down beside me. We talked a little and we became
friends. Later I knew that his name was Edgard and was a journalist
of the radio station. Soon Sr. Rene Rodriguez Fl6rez, Administrador
de Radio, came to see the curious young Japanese boy . He took me to
the second floor which was occupied by the radio station. I saw the
studios, opera ting room, manager's room, secretary's room, etc. I
obtained a QSL of my reception in 1984 i n Japan with lots of blue
round stickers. He told me that Radio Continental was founded on
October 10, 1940 and they used transmitter made by "RCA Victor" . The
antenna o f MW is a tower type with 110 meters high and that of SW is
a dipole type . I think they are one of the well-organized radio
stations compared with other local stations. The station personnel
was so kind and friendly that I made a lot of friends there . Sr .
Edgard Ponce Rodriguez, journalist of the program "Radiografia", was
one of them. After seeing around the station, he asked me if I
wanted to visit
other radio stations
in Arequ i pa. Of
course, I said yes.
He kindly took me to
the following SW ra -
dio stations: Radio
Concordia, Radio Me -
lodia, Radio Arequi -
pa, Radio Landa and
Radio Hispana i n a
day. In April 1989,
I visited this city
again after one year
and I met again him
(he was working at
Nevada Radio of Are -
quipa then.) and
some station pe rso n -
nel of Continental
with so much pleas -
ure. They are always SR . PONCE RODRIGUEZ (RIGHT), SECR~1ARIES
nice and friendly . & THE WRITER

History of the Station

Antonio Umbert was born in lea and worked at Rad i o Universa l de

lea (OAX - 5A) . He was thinking about having his own radio station,
but not in lea. In October 1940 , "Congreso Eucaristico Nac i onal"
(Eucharistic Congress) was about to be held in Arequ i pa. On the eve
of "Congreso Eucarist i co Nacional", Antonio Umbert left le a , came to
Arequipa and found Radio Continental (OAX-6C). It seemed crazy to
organize a radio station in such a short time and that there were
already two historic radio stations in Arequipa then: Radio Arequipa
and Radio Landa. But for Antonio Umbert there was no i mposs i bility .

Antonio Umbert prepared everything well. He formed a magnifi-

cent radio station with operators (Calle y Sal as ) ann ounc ers (Del -
gado and Argentine Otero) , and a man who came from a radio station
of lea. Radio Continental succeeded in the transmission o f "Congreso
-58-

-~ - Eucaristico
nal", coping
Nacio-
with
\ the rivals. Antonio
Limbert, who always
wanted to have a
bigger radio busi-
ness, soon after
worked in the capi-
tal of Lima. And he
found Radio America
de Lima in 1942. An-
tonio Limbert as well
as Genaro Delgado
Brandt, the founder
of Radio Programas
del Peru (RPP) , is
regarded as a very
important personnel
in the history of
Peruvian radio until
OPERATOR/ANNOUNCER AT STUDIO today.
(Bibliography : "O• A• X-Cr6nica de la Radio en el Peru-(1925 - 1980)"
by Alonso Alegr ia /Radioprogramas Editores, Lima, Peru. 1988)

Station Personnel as of February, 1988

Gerente General Antonio Limbert D.

Gerente Central Fernando Ruiz de Soorocurcio
Gerente Regional Julio Bostamanye A .
Administrador de Radio Rene Rodriguez F.
Administradora de Radio y TV Elizabeth Mardini de Noboa
Gerencia Comercial Alesandro Limbert 8 .

Annual Program of Radio Continental in 1989

Monday to Friday ~iiEtiriir

~ R A D I O IICOLOJI

03:50-04:00 APERTURA DE TRANSMISION

04:00 - 06:00 PULSO AGRO-GANADERO 14:00 - 15:00 RITMO INSTRUMENTAL
06:00-09:00 NOTICIERO CONTINENTAL 15:00 - 17:00 A LA BUENA TARDE
09:00 - 11:00 LOS INOLVIDABLES DE LA CANCION 17:00 - 18:00 NOTICIERO CONTINENTAL
11:00 - 12:00 EL SABOR DE NUESTRAS CANCIONES 18:00 -19:0 0 RADIO- DEPORTES
12:00 - 12:05 HIMNO NACIONAL Y DE AREQUIPA 19:00 - 21:00 BUENAS NOCHES, BUENA HUSICA
12:05 - 13:00 DTALOGO 21:00-00:00 NOCHERAMA
13:00 - 14:00 EL TOCADISCOS 00:00 CIERRE DE TRANSMISION

Saturdays

03:50 - 04:00 APERTURA DE TRANSMISION 14:00 - 17:00 MUSICA AL PORTADOR

04:00-06:00 PULSO AGRO-GANAD ERO 17:00-18:00 NOTICIERO CONTINENTAL
06:00 - 09:00 NOT!CIERO CONTINENTAL 18:00 - 19:00 RADIO- DEPORTES
09:00 - 12:00 EN RESUMEN 19:00 - 21 :00 ESPECI AL DEL SABADO
12:00-12:05 HIMNO NACIONAL Y DE AREQUIPA 21 :00-21 :30 BIBLICOS
12:05 - 13:00 LA CANCION PERUANA 21 :30-00:00 A RITMO RADIO
13:00 -1 4:00 EL TOCADISCOS 00:00 CIERRE DE TRANSMISION

03:50-04:00 APERTURA DE TRANSMISION 12:00-12:05 HIMNO NACIONAL Y DE AREQUIPA

04:00-06:00 PULSO AGRO-GANADERO 12:05 -13: 00 LA CANCION PERUANA
06:00-06:30 ALTURA S 13:00-14:30 EL TOCADISCOS
06:30-07:30 FELIZ AMANECER 14:30 -19: 00 RAD IO-DEPORTES
07:30-08:00 BIBLIA 19:00 - 00:00 SIEMPRE EN DOMINGO
08:00-12:00 EL DOBLE DOMINGO 00:00 CIERRE DE TRANSMISION
 - 59 -

PROOUCCIONES "111adio Sicuani" S.C.R.LTDA.

~
~
~~ co~~:t: ~~
OM 7 T. 4635 kcs.
~nd• de 62 '"' ' ·
1
DECAN:d. ~~. CANCHIS
OAX 7 R-1365 kcs.
Banda Hectom<!tr f ca
ji(
RADIO SICUANI
Sicuani is the capital of Province of Canchis, Department
of Cusco, located at 3548 meters above sea level and a t
130 km from the city of Cusco . There is a
railroad service from Cusco to Puno, on
the way about 3 hours from Cusco
exists the railroad sta -
tion "Sicuani".

Radio Sicuani has

been heard around the
world, especially when
the propagation condi-
tion for Andean
area is good. Having
transmitted on 4965
and 4834 kHz, they are
4826.3 kHz as of 1991.
careful of confirmation be-
cause La Voz de la Selva
from Iquitos i s active on the
adjacent frequency (4824. 5 kHz),
too . They start their transmission
with Himno Nacional (national
anthem) at 09:50 UTC, followed by
huayno music program "Amanecer
Andino" for the farmers. The transmis-
sion finishes at 03 : 00 UTC .

According to a reply from the

station that I obtained in 1989, Radio
Sicuani, whose station slogan is "La
emisora decana de Canchis", has the fol-
lowing frequency licenses : 1365 kHz (OAX -
7R 1 kW) and 4835 kHz (OAX - 7T 0 . 5kW). A tower
antenna of 70 meters high is used for MW
transmission. They had a plan to install a new
modern transmitter for SW operation from 1990
replacing the old one . The new transm i tter would
have an output power of 2 . 5 kW . I do not know if
this plan has been realized or not. Radio Sicuan i
was inaugurated on November 29, 1959, in order to
obtain cultural advance and progress for the city of
Sicuani . Sr. Raul Siu Almonte is a Gerente/Propietario
of the station. Radio Sicuani has had 3 proprietors and
all of them always have tried to make the stat i on
operation and services better and better . They celebrated
the 30th anniversary in November, 1989 and issued a
conmemorative pennant. The station broadcasts news and in-
formation programs produced by "Departamento de
which are dedicated to the "Campesinos" (Farmers) and
kinds of music especially for the young generation. Other sta -
tion slogans are: "Como la decana y pionera, Radio Sicuani,
siempre la primer a." "Radio Sicuani, la rad i o con persona li dad
definida . "
-60-

OAX6 . B Y OAX6 . J RADIO LANDA

RADIO LAN DA S. A.
Suoro 4.09 • Tel6f. 2124.71
Apartado 1364.
Arequipa . Poro
Radio Landa used to broadcast on
6035kHz (OAX - 6B) , and the signal was
received in Japan in 1970's. But the SW
transmission has been inactive for many
years.

Though I have never heard Radio Landa in Japan, I knew that

this was a very old and dignified radio station owned by Sr. Landa.
I listened to their program on 1400 kHz with my Sony ICF - PR070 radio
receiver in Arequipa. On February 23, 1988 , I visited the station
office with my friend Edgard. The studios of Radio Landa are situ -
ated at Jr. Sucre 409, a few blocks from "Plaza de Armas" in down -
town. I remember that the studios we re so small, same as Radio
Hispana, and it was like a small house. We passed into the house.
Sr. Max Landa Diaz, Geren te, was sitting at his table in a dark
room. Yes, it was Sr . Landa. He looked bad - humored, and it seemed to
me that he could not understand well my Spanish. But he typed a QSL
for me and welcomed my visit finally. The following episode is
concerned with his father, ex - Gerente of the station.

Episode about the founder, Sr. Maximiliano Landa

In 1930' s, radio stations in Lima were growing. Meanwhile, a

birth of radio stations was required in the other cities of Peru as
well. The pioneer of local radio stations was Radio Delcar in Chic-
layo (OAX-1 C, founded by Carlos Montjoy) Fol lowing it, La Voz de
lea (OAX -5B) ; Radio Arequipa (OAX-6A) ; Radio Andina de Junin in
Huancayo (by Alfredo Elejalde); Radio Cusco (OAX - 7G, by Carlos
Lizarraga Fisher); and Radio Landa in Arequipa (OAX - 6B, by Maximi -
liano Landa) were founded.

In October 1940, "Congreso Eucaristico Nacional" (Eucharistic

Congress) was about to be held in Arequipa. The expectation of the
people was enormous. Radio Landa of Maximo Landa in Arequipa was
going to cover the event and get the complete audience. It had not
been imagined that a serious competitor would appear soon .

On the eve of "Congreso Eucaristico Nacional", Antonio Umbert

founded Radio Continental (OAX - 6C). During installing equipment, he
was dedicated to listen with much atention to the voices of announc -
ers. There was a good voice, it was a voice of Jose Delgado, of
Radio Landa. Jose Delgado won in the ann ounc er contest held by Max
Landa and he became to work at Radio Landa. But Antonio Umbert was
fascinated by his voice and marked him as an announcer of his newly-
born radio station. One day Umbert stopped his car in front of the
gate of municipality and entered Radio Landa looking for Delgado . "I
am Antonio Umbert. I take you to your new radio." said Umbert
frankly to Delgado. Delgado knew that he would earn much more and
get commission, so he agreed with him. Delgado had to go to tell Sr.
Landa the news, thinking that his boss would feel bad. Actually Don
Max Landa kept silence. His first reaction was to close the key of
transmitter, stopping the broadcasting, as if Radio Landa would have
not continue any more. And he said to don Pepe (Delgado) , "Get away
here to so-and - so in order to make your salary higher." But later he
gave Delgado sincere and affectionate words. Jose Delgado left Radio
Landa and made his way to the direction of Antonio Umbert. Max Landa
understood that, in the radio business in Arequipa, he would con-
tinue to play an important role but not the first place any more . So
I suppose that the Landas and Antonio Umbert have been on bad terms
each other since then.

(Bibliography : "O • A• X-Cr6nica de la Radio en el Peru- (1925 - 1980)"

by Alonso Alegria/Radioprogramas Editor-es, Lima, Peru. 1988)
 - 61-

RADIO LANDA S. A.
TRAt--S\IITE :J I ARIA MENT E de 4.00 a. m. a I 1.00 p. m.
0. A. X 6-U (6.035 K c)
0. A. X . 6-J. (1,400 Kc)
ONDA CORTA
ONDA LARGA
ESTUDIOS
Sucre No. 409 EMISORA DECANA DEL SUR
TclCfono 21~471 AREQUIPA
Casilla 1354 PERU

Program of Radio Landa as of 1988

Honday to Friday_

04:00 HUSICA Y NOTICIAS 13:30 EL PROFESOR ASTRAL

05:00 RADIO PERIODICO EL ECO 14:00 DEPORTES EN LANDA
06:00 HIHNO NACIONAL 14:45 LA VOZ DE LA ESPERANZA
06:05 SOHOS PERU (RADIO PERIODICO) (PROGRAHA RELIGIOSO)
07:30 HEXICO CANTA (HUSICA HEXICANA) 15:00 A TODA HUSICA (HUSICA JUVENIL)
08:30 SONIDOS DE JUVENTUD 16:00 RADIACIONES (HUSICA JUVENIL)
(HUSICA JUVENIL) 17:00 LA OPINION (RADIO PERIODICO)
09:30 CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGIA 18:00 HIMNO NACIONAL
(PROGRAHA CULTURAL) 18:05 EL BOLETIN INFORHATIVO DEL PUEBLO
09:45 FECHAS HISTORICAS 18:30 INFORMATIVO DEL DEPARTAMENTO DE
(PROGRAHA CULTURAL) RADIO LANDA S.A.
10:00 DISCO CLUB (HUS ICA JUVENIL) 19:00 PANORAMA DEPORTIVO
11:00 EL HERALDO (RADIO PERIODICO) 19:30 RONDA PERIODISTICA
12:00 HIHNO NACIONAL 20:00 EL SHOW DE LOS FIGUES
12:05 POEHARIO LONGO (HUSICA FOLKLOR!CA (HUSI CA JUVENIL)
AR EQUIPENA) 21:00 RECUERDOS HU SICALES
12:30 EL HUNDO EN LA NOTICIA 22:00 NOCHES ROHANTICAS
Sunday~

05:00 CANTARES DEL PERU ANDINO 14:00 REENCUENTROS (HUSICA JUVENIL)

07:00 MEXICO CANTA (MUSICA HEXICANA) 15:00 DEPORTES EN LANDA
08:00 ESTACION HUSICAL (MUSICA JUVENIL) 18:00 HIMNO NACIONAL
09:00 LA HORA DEL ESPECTACULO 18:05 EL AMOR, LA HUSICA Y TU
12:00 HIHNO NACIONAL 19:00 DISCOTECA EN 45 (MUSICA JUVENIL)
12: 05POR LA RUTAS DE AMERICA 20:00 FUEGO TROPICAL (HUSICA TROPICAL)
12:30 LA VOZ DEL CATEQUISTA 21: 00RECUERDOS EN LA NOCHE
(PROGRAHA RELIGIOSO) (HU SI CA JUVENIL)
13:00 HUSICA EN ACCION (MUSICA JUVENIL) 22:00 AMENIZANDO

RADIO LANDA S. A.

STUDIO OF RADIO /,ANDA

(PHOTO BY MR. Tf,TSUYA
BIRAHARA IN MARCH, 1980}
- 62 -

RADIO
fl!'"HlC<\!re> @ 00 fil
IJUU~<.S'"'~~ E. I. R. LTDA. oax es A ■

" (11teiiori1 en ~•bi• "

RADIO HISPANA
Radio Hispana, a young radio station, started its SW transmis-
sion in November, 1987 on 5895.4 kHz. The signal was received by Sr .
Pedro F. Arruna tegui in Lima, Peru. Some DX' ers in Japan received
their poor signal, too . But its very low output power (currently 300
W, ex-80 W) makes the reception very difficult .

I visited their
studios with my
Peruvian friend Ed -
gard on February 23,
1988. The studios
are situated at Jr.
Bolivar 118, two
blocks from "Plaza
de Armas". It was
very easy to find
the station because
there was a sign -
board, painted as
"Radio Hispana" just
above the en trance.
The station was
quite different from
Radio Continental,
it was like a small
house. We passed
into the station,
after knocking at STATION SIGNBOARD AT THE ENTRANCE
the door. The sta-
tion scale was small
but the atmosphere was very at home : there were studios, operating
room and a reception room. Sr. David Rivera Romero, Director/Gerente
talked with us. I asked him to issue me a QSL. While his secretary
was typing my QSL letter, he showed me one reception report from Mr.
Takayuki Inoue, RNM' er . He told he was very proud of that their
signal had reached so far away Japan. There were some station per -
sonnel who were all very friendly and I became friends with them so
rapidly. On April 11, 1989, I visited them again and they welcomed
me very much as before.

Radio Hispana started their transmission on December 27, 1985

on 960 kHz (OBX - 6S) . The transmitter for MW is "River's", which was
made in Arequipa in 1985 and has a power of 1 kW. The MW antenna was
made by "Marconi" with 60 meters high . The SW transmission was com -
menced in November , 1987 on 5895.4 kHz (OAX-6Z) . This call sign is
not listed in the frequency reg is tr a tion in 1989 issued by Minis-
terio de Transportes y Comunicaciones del Peru . The transmitter of
SW is also "River's" made in Arequipa in 1987 . At first they were
broadcast ing with a power of only 80 W every day, but the signal was
received overseas. In 1989 they increased the power to 300 W, but
because of high electricity ,least, they broadcast on SW only on
Saturdays and Sundays. The antenna is a dipole type with a \ wave
 - 63 -

length and 12 meters

high. Transmitting
schedule is from
04 :00 to 24:00
(22: 00 on Sundays) .
They have a plan to
broadcast on FM in
the near future.
Their programs con -
sist of lots of
music singing in
Spanish language
like bolero, musica
criolla. Valuable
Peruvian folklore is
always stood out in
their programs .

STATION STAFF & THE WRITER AT STUDIO

Station Personnel

Director/Gerente David Rivera Romero

Relaciones Publicas Isabel Salinas Herrera
Administraci6n Ruth Salinas Herrera
Secretaria Maria Mercedes Nunez Quispe

Program of Radio Hispana as of 1989

Monday to Saturday
04:00 - 06 : 00 AGRO HISPANA

u111n11,ANA
06:00 - 08:00 INFORMATIVO 960
08:00 - 09:00 MENSAJE DE PERUAN IDAD
09:00 -1 0:00 SIEMPRE EN TU CORAZON
10:00 -12: 00 MUSICA VARIADA
12:00 -1 4:00 AQUELLOS ANOS
14:00 -15: 00 VARIEDADES JUVENILES
15:00-18:00 MUSICA VARIADA
18:00 - 20:00 AQUELLOS ANOS
20:00 -2 1 : 00 RESUMEN 960
21:00-22:00 BOLEROS
22 : 00 - 24 : 00 MUSICA VARIADA
24:00 CIERRE DE TRANSMISION

Sunday3

04:00 - 06 : 00 VIENTOS DE FOLKLORE

06:00-08 : 00 TUY YO EN UNA SOLA CORAZON
08:00-10 : 00 REVISTA DOMINICAL "LA VERDAD"
10:00-11 :00 INSTRUMENTALES
11:00-17:00 HIPICA
17:00 - 18:00 DEPORTE
18:00-22:00 BLOQUE CULTURAL
22:00 CIERRE DE TRANSMISION

ESTUDIOS : - BOLIVAR it8 - TELEFONOS 219928 • 220014 - AREQUIPA - PERU

- 64 -

OFICINAS Y ESTUOIOS : SAN ANO RES 486

TELEFONOS : 231371 - 225615
APART ADO No . 540
CUSCO - PERU

LA EMISORA DE LA JUVENTUD

RADIO LA HORA
Tourists who come to Peru generally visit Cusco, known as the
"Archaeological Capital of America". Cusco has a population of some
300,000 and is located at 3399 meters above sea level. It is a very
famous sightseeing city, surrounded by many ruins like Sacsayhuaman,
Quenco, Ollantaytambo, Pisac, Machupicchu, etc. Cusco was the
capital of the Tawantinsuyo Empire: it was the center of government
of the four ample regions (suyos) forming the fabled Inca Empire .
Nowadays Cusco has the superimposition and intermingling of three
cultures: the native Quechua Indian, the conquering Colonial Spanish
and the modern.

I received Radio La Hora's SW transmission on December 28, 1985

on 4977. 2 kHz with some RNM' ers in Miyako DXpedi tion in Japan. On
October 7, 1989 I noticed their QSY to 4859. 8 kHz, signing on at
10:35 UTC . Just before this QSY, Radio Comercial Educativa from La
Peca, Bagua, Peru, started its test transmission on this frequency.
And in July, 1991 Radio La Hora was confirmed on 4910 kHz, ex-
frequency of Radio Tawantinsuyo. Instead, Radio Ta wan tinsuyo was
reported on 4977.3 kHz in June 1991 (it may be because they belong
to the same radio network owned by the same Montesinos family.) And
finally from August 1991 Radio La Hora seems to be stabilized on
4855.6 kH z .
Dur i ng my stay in Cusco, I visited 8 radio stations . One of
them was Radio La Hora . I visited their studios located at Jr. San
Andres 486, a few blocks from "Plaza de Armas", on February 29,
1988. As soon as I entered the station office, as usual it was like
a small house, a man to whom I told my purpose of visit took me into
the on - air studios and let me sit down in front of a microphone. His
name was Sr. Alfredo Febres C., Productor de Programas Musicales. He
was producing an informat i on program with lots of advertisements and
personal messages. He was pleased to make his program with the visit
of unexpected guest. He i ntroduced me to all the audience on the
air, serving me the famous Peruvian beer "Cerveza Cusquei'ia". The
program was presented by the company. So he was a little drunken in
spite of being at the studios, hi. After finishing the program, I
could talk with Sr. Edmundo Montesinos Gallo, Gerente General. I
passed into Gerente' s room and I was surprised to find a small
pennant printed in Japanese letters which in fact I sent them with
my reception report two years ago! He said to me that it was sent by
some foreign people. Yes, it was me. Then he gave me a memorable QSL
and the following information.

Radio La Hora S. A. is operated by Productora Radial Publinti

E.I.R.L. The station operates on 1400 kHz (OAX-7I 3 kW) and on 4855
kHz (ex-4977 kHz OAX-7J 1 kW), from 05:00 to 23:00. The transmitters
are fabricated by some Peruvian company. The antenna of MW is a
radiant type tower with 51 meters high and that of SW is a dipole
with 12 meters high. Radio La Hora was founded on August 15, 1955,
for the purpose of spreading, in Cusco, mass communication which
would be a service for the public, especially for the young. So they
 - 65-

have the station slogan as "La Emisora de la Juventud" (The

Broadcast for the Young) . Radio La Hora belongs to Cadena
Tawantinsuyo de Radiodifusi6n, which is a radio station network
organized by Radio Tawantinsuyo de Cusco.

Station Personnel as of February, 1988

Gerente General Edmundo Montesinos Gallo

Administradora Maria Elena Murillo Flores
Periodistas Hugo Gonzales, Leosidas Rozas
Alberto Garcia, Julio Aguilar
Productores Alfredo Febres C., Charles Aragon,
Wilfredo Rivera, Bertha Anegre,
Edy Concha, Carlos Gamarra
Operadores Edson Lovan, Jorge Campos,
Alex Mora, Zoila Becer ra
Cargo de Programa Infantil Clauidio Montesinos Mur ill o

Opening announcement (corrected the dictation in "LA- DXing 4th

Edition

"Desde la emisora de la juventud, Radio La Hora, les enviamos

nuestro fraternal saludo al iniciar esta nueva jornada de trabajo y
nuestro mejor deseo de que el dia de hoy sea para Uds. lleno de
exi to y felicidad. Operamos en la frecuencia de 1400 kc y con
bonisima programaci6n de 18 horas continuadas. Las que estan
brindadas a proporcionarle mUsica, comentarios e inforrnaciones de
actualidad. Trabajamos con la esperanza de llegar a vuestros
hogares, centro de trabajo o lugares de esparcimiento, llegando
nuestras ondas la alegria y el optimismo de la juventud, y con la
esperanza de que nuestro modesto aporte contribuya a vuestra
felicidad y al progreso de tan inmortal ciudad de Cusco. Radio La
Hora, la emisora de la juventud, les dice buenos dias."

CERTIFICAOO DE SINTONIA

FEC HA: 2'-112-11

PARA: HIROTSUGU NABESHIMA

CONFIRMAMOS SU RECEPCION DE NUESTRA EMISORA DE

RADIO LA IIJU QUE TRANSMITE EN LA FRECUENCIA
DE LOS 4,'17.2 KHZ EN LA BANDA DE ~ METROS, EL DI A _!!_
DE Oioiaalre DE L98!_, DESDE LAS m.4' HASTA 06oll5 HORA
DE Pen
 - 66 -

CADENA TAWANTINSUYO DE RADIODIFUSION

RADIO TAWANTINSUYO RADIO LA HORA FM 101 MGS RADIO OOLLASUYO RADIO APURIMAC
cusco cusco cusco JULIACA ABANCAY

OFC. Y ESTUDIOSAV. SO L806 . CASILLA 39 . TELF'S.228411 . 226955 . CUSCO PERU

RADIO TAWAHTINSUYO
C.,,co RADIO TAWANTINSUYO
In Cusco, there are some SW radio stations
0 A X 7 8 1.1 90 Kc,
Ondamede
whose signals have been getting to all over the
SeMOOLocal world . The second inaugurated radio station in
Cusco, Radio Tawantinsuyo has been received on
4910 kHz and 6175 kHz .
0 A X 7 V U10 Kcs
Ondatropcal 60 mlS
Servc10 Regona! The two storied station building is located
at the main street Av. El Sol, some 1 5 minute
walking from "Plaza de Armas" . On February 28,
0 A X 7 C fi .175 Kcs 1988 I visited the station. Being on Sunday, there
Ondacorta •9 mis
SerVICIONaoonale
were no station staff except announcer & operator.
lnlernaconal It is better to visit radio stations from Mondays
to Fridays. I visited again their studios on March
1, 1988 and this time I could talk with Sra. Hilda
Ortega de Montesinos, Sub Gerente . She was not much surprised at an
unexpected Japanese guest. I think that it was because some of my DX
friends previously met her and some other foreign DX'ers also might
have visited her. So it is no longer a surprise for her that foreign
listeners visit the station. She gave me a little information as
follows :

Radio Tawantinsuyo has 3 frequencies: 1190 kHz (OAX-78 5 kW) ,

4910 kHz (OAX - 7V 5 kW) and (OAX - 7C 5 kW) . All the trans -
mitters were fabricated in
Peru. The antenna of MW is
a tower with 63 meters
high and that of SW is a
dipole with 12 meters
high. The stat i on was
founded for the purpose of
spreading Peruvian music,
especially the folklore of
the Cusco region. They
have a plan to install an
FM transmitter in the
future. Radio Tawantinsuyo
was founded on October 30,
1 948 and has been trans -
mitting folklore and
criolla music as well as
cultural, information and
sports programs, covering
the Departments of Cusco,
Madre de Dias, Apurimac, STUDIOS OF RADIO TAWANTINSUYO (PHaro BY
Ayacucho, Puno as well as MR . TETSUYA HIRAHARA IN MARCH.1980)
the other southern part of
Peru.

The fare for the public to participate in the program (US$ 1.00
'- lntis/100 . 00 as of March 1988): 20 seconds = I/24.00, 30 seconds=
I/36. 00; 30 seconds or 60 words "aviso comercial" (advertisement)
10 advertisements daily for a month I/ 4680.00.
 -67-

The Birth of the Station

October 27, 1948 was a day of coup d'etat in Peru. The public
heard a military march on the radio. They only waited for the state-
ment of the military that would have power over the government .

Don Raul Montesinos

was born in Cusco. He was
educated in La Paz, Boli-
via. He was an engineer
by profession . In the
morning of that October
27, Montesinos walked
toward his house, re -
turning from the visit to
his farm near Cusco. He
had been thinking to have
a radio station. He had
an experience which he
had obtained in Bolivia.
The equipment was ready
for the transmission . But
he did not have an au -
thorized license which he
had tried to obtain for
many years . Getting to
STATION BUILDING (PHOTO BY IIR. TETSUYA his house, that day 27th,
HIRAHARA IN IIARCH, 1980) Montesinos saw two sol -
diers at the door. The soldiers told Montesinos that he obtained a
long - waited broadcasting license. When they granted it to Monte -
sinos, they told him immediate! y that he was provided with it on
condition that he would support the military action by the radio .
And the military forced him to install the transmitter in the
military barracks .

License is license. Montesinos installed his

equipment at once and began the transmission three
days later, on October 30, 1948, by the name of Radio
Rural del Peru. The military administrated radio
station continued only for several months. Later,
Montesinos became free to make his new radio. It was
Radio Tawantinsuyo . Radio Tawantinsuyo is a bilingual
radio station (Spanish and Quechua), dedicated to the
public "Campesinos" (Farmers) . They broadcasted
ini ti ally on 1190 kHz (OAX - 7B) and 6175 kHz (OAX - 7C) ,
and later obtained 4910 kHz (OAX - 7V).
(Bibliography : "O• A• X- Cr6nica de la Radio en el Peru - (1925 - 1980)"
by Alonso Alegria/Radioprogramas Editores, Lima, Peru. 1988)

Station Personnel as of March, 1988

Gerente General Ing. Raul Montesinos Espejo

Sub Gerente Hilda Ortega de Montesinos
Contador Raul Pezo
Secretaria Rocio Fernandez
Discotecaria Fanny Alvarez
Auxiliar de Secretaria Dolores Romero
Locutores Cesar A. Fuentes, Ricardo Lazo
Operadores Roger Montalvo, Liberato Anlo

Avcnida El Soi 830 . Tclcfono 2860 · Casilla 39 ~'ii{[>

-68-

mLM>rt© ~@@ ~itma &1P@~

OCX-7R 870 KHZ. ONOA MfOIA OAZ-70 5045 MHZ ONOA CORTA TROPICAL
Servicio local v Regional Serviclo Nacional e Internacional
DESDE CUSCO PATRIMONIO CULTURAL DK LA BUM..t.NIDAD
CALLE NUEVA 438-«o-TELFS. 217071-227019

CUSCO - PERU

RADIO MUNDO
Radio Mundo was founded on February 17, 1984. Ministerio de
Transportes y Comunicaciones del Peru authorized them to have the
following frequency licenses: 870 kHz (OCX - 7R) & 5045 kHz (OAZ-7D).
Soon Sr. Juan Carlos Codina in Lima, Peru, received its signal on
5120. 4 kHz and reported i t to Radio Nuevo Mundo bulletin. In June
1 984 this station was heard in Japan, too. Later the frequency
became variable and Radio Mundo is listed on 5082. 6 kHz in 1991
Edition of World Radio Television Handbook (WRTH).

Radio Mundo
was located at
Calle Nueva 438-
440 (A new address
is reported by Mr.
Paul Edwards in
wrth LA-NL Nr 3
1991: Calle Tecre
245) , near the
railroad station
to go to Machu -
picchu and Quilla -
bamba. Also there
is an open - air
market in this
area. Cusco is
famous for many
thieves, too.
Around this radio
station is dan -
gerous area. My
camera was stolen
in a train! So
those who visit STATION SIGNROARD
Cusco, be much (PHOTO RY MR. TAKAYUKI INOUE)
careful! I visited
the studios on March 3, 1988. The station building and station
equipment were the most miserable of the stations I visited in
Cusco. My principal purpose of station visit was to obtain a QSL of
each station. Writing this article, I keenly feel that I should have
obtained much more information to write about radio stations. In
fact i t is not always easy to obtain enough information because
station staff are working busy generally. So sometimes they mind the
tiresome thing that we ask. Anyway, I talked with Ing. Valentin
Olivera Puelles, Gerente. I asked him to issue me a QSL but he said
I had to come to the station on the following day . He was only lazy,
I thought. If I go on the following day, he might say the next day
again. Yes, this is a spirit of Latin American "Has ta maii.ana". In
this case i t is necessary to insist very much. Unexpectedly my QSL
had already been prepared when I visited him on the next day, hi.
After talking with Gerente, some friendly ann ouncers found me and
took me to the on -air studios and made me sit down in front of a
 -69-

RAD I 0 MUND 0 E. I. R. LTDA.

OCX • 7R Ol<OA MEDIA Oil• 7D ONDA CORTA TROPICAL
RIMCIO LDCAI. Y RE&IONU SEIMCIO IIACJONAJ. £ INT£JINACIONAI.
DESOE cusco rATRIMO•ro CULTURAL DE IA HUIWIIDAD
CALLE NU&VA 438•'40 TELF~: 227071•227019
CIICI - PEIi

microphone. I
no longer
strained before
microphone, I
had talked in
many programs
and I had got
accustomed to
be interviewed
on the air in
spite of talk-
ing in Spanish
language. It
was an after-
noon folklore
music program,
lots of "musica
huayno" were
being played.
Unexpected for -
eign listener
who has ever
STUDIOS OF RADIO MUNDO caught their
(PHOTO BY MR . TAKAYUKI INOUE) signal overseas
is a best guest
for station managers to tell the audience that the radio can be
heard so far away and their signal is excellent.

General Program Schedule as of 1988

04 :00- 05 : 00 Musica folkl6r ica con animaci6n

05:00 - 06:00 Musica folkl6rica con animaci6n: Informaci6n en quechua
06:00 - 07:00 Informativo not ici ero "El Heraldo"
07 : 00 - 08:00 Informative not ici ero "El Mundo en la Noticia"
08 : 00 - 10 : 00 Educativo mus ical "Lider del Autom6vil"
10:00 - 11:00 Musical "Expreso Musical"
11:00 - 12:00 Musical "El Tropicalisimo"
12:00 - 13:00 Musical "Portal del Criollismo"
13 : 00 - 14 : 00 Informativo "El Libertador"
14 : 00 - 15 : 00 Musical "Argentina en el Mundo"
15:00 - 16:00 Informative "Act ualidad"
16:00-17:00 Musical "Cielo Serrano Folkl6rico"
17:00 - 18:00 Musical "Verano Tropical 2000"
18:00 - 19:00 Informative "La Tribuna"
19 : 00 - 20:00 Informative Deportivo "Sucesos Deportivos"
20:00-21:00 Musica variada y cierre del programa
- 70 -

~ ==T=rv u·=•=
=a~: =:=~=~=u= _-=:=
•=1ro @=·=:·=•:=~ =-=o
=~=e=c=in=
~..=s=/& =
®: :=::=:•=~= =A=
;:,=•~,=:=,l&=u=:=a=s=!fu - :=:,=•=:=r=a=.. =·====
: =:=e=
. ~T~•=

RADIO NACIONAL DEL PERU - TACNA

The SW transmission of Radio Nacional del Peru -Ta cna was heard
on 9532 kHz (variable) many years ago but it has been interrupted
for years. Radio Nacional del Peru - Tacna is one of two SW licensed
radio stations in Tacna, another one is, of course, Radio Tacna.

Station building of Radio Nacional del Peru - Tacna is on Av.

Hip6li to Unanue s/n (sin numero) . As I did not know on which
direct i on I should go from my hotel. I asked a man the way to the
radio station from there. Following his advice, I walked toward the
north. Then I asked aether person where Radio Nacional was located.
He pointed the opposite way, the south. I asked again some other
person the same question. This time, the east! They thought, if they
say to me they do not know the way, I would feel bad. So they told
me the way without any responsibility, even though they really did
not know the location. I decided to make me think that it had been
their kindness, hi. Anyway, I reached Radio Nacional del Peru-Tacna,
situated on the outskirts of the downtown, near "Estadio Tacna •
(Tacna Stadium). They have a one - story large station building . Above
the entrance on the wall "Radio Nacional del Peru - Tacna" was
written. I asked a
secretary to intro-
duce some station
personnel to me. But
she answered me that
nobody was at the
station then and
added that I should
visit them again on
the next day. I left
a message to the
manager of the sta -
tion. On April 13,
1 989, I visited
again the station
office . A QSL letter
and some station
information were
prepared for me .
However, I could not
talk with any other
station personnel
except the secre-
tary.

Empresa de Cine, Radio y Television Peruana S.A. (RTP) owns

many radio and television stations throughout the country. In Tacna,
Radio Nacional del Peru, Tacna and Television Canal 7 (channel 7)
are owned by this company. Radio Nacional del Peru, Tacna was
founded on August 28, 1954, during the administration of President
Manuel A. Odria, occupying a new building located on the prolonga -
tion of Unanue street, Panamericana Norte. The purpose of the
foundation was diffusion of culture, entertainment and information.
 -71-

Empresa de Cine, ftadlo y Televlsl6n Peruana S. A.

TELEVISION - CANAL 7 TACNA

Via Satelite A Nivel Nacional y Continental

The station has been supported by excellent station

staff of Tacna, e.g. Jose Garcia Ugarte, Federico -ISIUDJOS Y
Calder6n Bermejo, Patricio Conti Olivares, Jose Ver - OPICINAS

nal . The station has the following transmitting fre - Hlp,61.to lJaiaue 1/0
quencies : 830 kHz (OAX- 6D) , 9530 kHz (OAX-6G) and
100.1 MHz . The transmitter of MW is fabricated by -TBL&PONOS
"Harris" and a tower antenna of 80 meters high is
used . As of April, 1989, they were active only on MW 72,r71
& FM. I was i nformed that their SW transmitter was 113761
broken many years ago but they were planning to
retransmit on SW band from May, 1989 . Referring to -PLANT A
the article written by Mr . Hirahara, their retrans -
mission was rumored in 1984, too . However, still Oun latiorh
now, they have not realized a regular SW trans -
mission against our expectation .
TACNA-Pll•U
Station Sloan

"Nacional al servicio de la Patria y la Cultura . "

"Radio Nacional en su nueva era.

Station Personnel as of April, 1989

Administrador de Radio y TV
Sub - Administrador
Secretaria
Operadores de Audio
Grabaci6n Colaborador
Plan tis ta
Conserje
Royce Zeballos Rivadene i ra
Gu i do Rojas Rios (also Locutor)
Mar i a Fernandez de Sanchez
Orl a ndo Leoncio Vizcarra Becerra
Jose Guzman Melendez
Porfirio Coaquera Mullo
Modesto C. Alanoca Perea
Cesar Cano Ramos
Wilfredo Huanacune Calle
Mar i ano Maquera Mullo

Station Identificat i on
"De frontera a frontera, Nacional, en la nueva era."" Nacional en el
89 trae la programaci6n mas amena del dial. Mas de 20 horas de
musica, entretenimiento , programas faciles de escuchar, ... distintos
de los hechos que hacen noticia . Un estilo agil, sobrio, original y
variado desde la gran sala de noticias . Un nuevo espectaculo de la
radio en el 89, lo trae Nacional . La uni ca emisora con potentes
transmisores en AM y FM . Nacional, la programaci6n ideal, para que
mas."
- 72 -

FUNIIADO EL 28 DE AG OSTO DB: 1940

CAS ILLA 370 TACNA . PERU

0 AX 6 H 9,505 Khz. Onda Corta Banda de 31.5 Mts. 0 .2 Kw.

OAX6M 1.470 Khz. Onda Media Banda de 204 Mts. 1.0 Kw.

RADIO TACNA
Radio Tacna broadcasts in the international band (31 meter
band) and the signals (9486 kHz & 9505 kHz) reach to all over the
world, in spite of low output power (0.2 kW). This station is a
good - verifier, too.

We can know about the city of Tacna from a leaflet sent from
the station with a QSL letter. I quote some lines here: "At the
extreme southern border of Peru, 1300 km from Lima and 44 km to the
frontier of Chile, lies the city of Tacna. The Department of Tacna
is divided into two Provinces: Tacna and Tarata . The city of Tacna
is 569 meters above sea level and the desert is extended surrounding
it. Tacna is called "Heroica Ciudad" (Heroic City). [Major cities in
Peru have nicknames, e . g. "Ciudad de los Reyes" (City of Kings) for
Lima, "Ciudad Blanca" (White City) for Arequipa, "Ciudad de Bella
Durmiente" (City of Sleeping Beauty) for Tingo Maria.] It is because
Tacna occupied an outstanding position in the struggle for indepen-
dence and i t was the first town to call the cry for liberty. Tacna
is noted for the flame of its invincible patriotism and maintained
its faith, hope and undy i ng love for Peru throughout all vicissi -
tudes, including the trying days of Chilean occupation (1879 - 1929) . "
Referring to the article "A VISIT TO RADIO
TACNA" written by Mr. Tetsuya Hirahara in LA-DXing ~RAOIO
3rd Edition, I decided to go on to the south. From
Arequipa I took a long-distance bus "Angelitos Neg -
ros" to go to Tacna. It took 6 hours and the fare
~OR
was US$ 3.50. At the cheap hotel located in front of
"Plaza de Armas", I switched on my Sony ICF-PR070 to survey the
bands as Mr. Hirahara did : 830 kHz Radio Nacional del Peru, Tacna /
990 kHz Radio Bicolor (affiliated station with Radio Continental de
Arequipa) / 1 300 kHz Radio Latina (affiliated station with Radio
Programas del Peru) / 14 70 kHz Radio Tacna were heard on MW band.
92. 3 MHz Radio Prins (OCZ - 6K) / 98. 1 MHz (Power FM Stereo? OCZ - 6H) /
100.1 MHz Radio Nacional del Peru, Tacna / 102 . 9 MHz Radio Las Vil -
cas (OCZ - 6P) were active on FM band. On SW band Radio Tacna was
heard on 6571 kHz, 9486 kHz and 9505 kHz. But Radio Nacional del
Peru in Tacna (9532 kHz OAX - 6B) was/has been inactive. Reception of
Bolivian radio stations on SW band was easy because of the geograph-
ical circumstances.

I visited the

RADIO TACNA
*
studios of Radio
Tacna on April 13,

ii MAS NOTICIAS II
~)! ~
ij MAS MUSICA II
1989. As I had known
that the radio sta-
tion was situated
near to the railroad
-~ station "Tacna", I
1,470 KHZ RAOIOTACNA A . M.
easily found it, lo-
cated at Aniceto I-
barra 436. I knocked
 - 73-

at the door and a

secretary opened it.
I told my purpose of
visit and was al-
lowed to enter. Sra .
Yolanda Vda . de Ca-
ceres, Director a/
Gerente, much wel-
comed my visit. She,
who was 60 years old
then, told me that
her husband had been
working for Radio
Tacna, which was
founded on August
28, 1940. After his
death she replaced
him as a new station
manager and has been
working with his
sons, one of who is
a present Sub-Geren- (f'ROII THE RIGHT) SR. ALFONSO CACERES, SRA.
te. I obtained some YOLANDA VDA. DE CACERES, THE WRITER & SRA .
station information ADRIANA VALDIVIA G. DE CACERES
and souvenirs. Then, when I was
looking around the studios, Sr.
Alfonso Caceres Contreras, Sub-
Gerente, came to see me . Being
J¥"f1n '1o ~ ete'1 Cj!fo,,t'teta'1 also a professo r of electronics
INGEN1£1'110 EL£CTRONICO at university, he is not always
C . I P . 27070
at the station. He is a DX'er,
too. In the manager's room there
were many stickers and pennants
RADIO TACNA OOMICILIO : fro m other radio stations on all
ANICETO 18ARRA 436
TLFS . 723745 • 714971
directions of the wall. I found
some old pennant s of Radio Tacna
and asked him to present them to
me . Without hesitation he gave
them to me. Then I found the one of Radio Tingo Maria and I really
wanted it for my DX item collection. But this time he refused my re-
quest. Maybe he thought I would steal all his collections, hi. He
showed me a file of reception reports from overseas listeners, in
which I was very glad to find my reception report written in 1982
and 1984. He said they had been receiving reception reports con-
stantly .

Broadcasting schedule of Radio Tacna as of April, 1989

1470 kHz (OAX-6M 0.8 kW) Daily 03:00 - 24:00

6571 kHz (-- ---- 0.18 kW) Monday to Saturday 13:00 - 14 : 00
9486 kHz (OAX - 6H O. 2 kW) Sundays 05:00-19 : 00
9505 kHz (OAX - 6H O. 2 kW) Monday to Friday 03 : 00 - 20:00
Sundays 19:00-23 : 00

Station Personnel as of April, 1989

Directora/Gerente Yolanda Vda . de Caceres

Sub - Gerente Alfonso Caceres Contreras
Secretaria Adriana Vald ivia Gutierrez de Caceres
Operadores Porfirio Coaquera Mullo, Rene Flores Colque,
Claudio Ramos Copari, Jose Diaz Zavala,
Nolberta Flores de Guillen, Alberto Aguilar Z.
Locutores Walter Mello Nalvarte, Jose Manuel R. Munos,
Javier Flores, Raul Ticona, Luis Sanchez Nieto
Discoteca ria Dora Pinto Carvajal
- 74-

f -___
RAOIOJACHA
R_A_o_,_
OASILLA 370 -
o_ _
1470 KHZ Onda Media
T_A_c_N_A
ANICETO IBAI\ RA 436
TA C N A -
_ _s_._A_._ __
9505 KHZ Ond1 Coria

PERU
TELE JON08 723745 - 714871

PROGRANACIOK DE LUBES A VIERJIES

3.00aa.: BIJE!IOS DIAS PERU
5,45aa.-1'0TICIERO IMPACTO
7,30ua. VOCERO NUJIICIPAL IN!eraative ae la Municipaliaaa.
a.00... - MUSICA y AMISTAD
9,:,0u.- FESTIVAL 1470
12,3011.- ARPEGIOS DE PERUAIIIDAD.
13.00.- IIIFORMATIVO RADIO PERIODICO LA VERDAD.
14.oo.- MUSICA Y AMISTAD TROPICAL
15.00.- bera ■ ap ■ cial
16.00.- DISCOGRAIU
17.00.- ilTENA INFORMATIVA
1a.oo.- BALCON DEL CRIOLLISJI)
18,30- JORKADAS DEPORTIVAS
19, 30. - MUSICOMANU
21,30.- ULTIMAS IIOTICIAS
22.00- MUSICA VJ.RIA.DA
24.00- CIERRE DE TRAMSMISION.
~
9.30aa- AJIIERICANERIA
12.00..- LA PESA DEL AIRE
14.oo.- •euARELA MUSICAL
15.00.- 33.45 lltaica JUYellil
17.00,- TROPICALICIJI)
19,30.- NUSICA DE TODOS LOS TIENPOS,
20,00.- MUSICO MARIA.
22.00,- FIESTA SABATINA.
24.00,- CIERRE DE '?RAMSJIIISION.
SLOGAN : RADIO TACNA L.l Dl!CAIIA DEL DEPART.AMENTO LA EMISORA
HAS POPULAR,
 -75-

RADIO "NUEVO CONTINENT£" S. R. LTOA,

A.M. 1560
LA EMISORA DEL PUEBLO Y LA JUVENTUD
0. C. 5060
evo F.M. 101.2 Jr. Amazonas N9. 655 - Tel6f. 2209
ntinente
CAJAMARCA·PERU
RADIO NUEVO CONTINENTE
The city of Cajamarca is the capital of Department of the same
name. It is located at 2720 meters above sea level and has a popula-
tion of some 103,000. The most famous episode of the history of
Cajamarca is a capture of the emperor Inca Atahualpa, who offered
the conqueror Francisco Pizarro great quantities of gold in order to
obtain his liberty. The treasures only made Pizzaro's desire satis -
fied, however, the emperor Atahualpa was executed in Cajamarca.

On July 10, 1989 I took my way to Cajamarca by my favorite

"Tepsa" bus from Lima . The bus went on Panamericana Norte (Pan
American highway North) along coastal line. Passing the Department
of La Libertad it turned its direction toward the interior part of
the country. The bus ran uphill road all the way. After 18 hours
since leaving Lima, finally I came to Cajamarca. It was a smaller
city than I had expected, but I liked its "campesino" style of the
city . Almost all the roads in Cajamarca and in its vicinity are not
paved . It makes the long - d i stance bus system troubled. Considering
the distances, it takes compara ti vel y more time to go to other
cities, like Celendin, Chota, Cute r vo, especially in a rainy season .

At a cheap hotel near "Plaza de Armas" which charged only US$

1.00 a day, I monitored MW, SW and FM bands to know the activities
of radio stations there. 10 radio stations on MW and 2 radio sta-
tions on FM were active . I found some radio stations on MW band
which were not listed in World Radio TV Handbook 1989 . (Those have
already been followed up in the later editions . ) After the survey I
decided to visit SW
radio stations in
Cajamarca : Radio
Nuevo Continente,
Radio Atahualpa and
Radio Inca de Banos
del Inca.
Radio Nuevo
Continente appeared
on 5190 kHz in late
1983 and used to be
heard throughout the
world for a few
years. But the re -
ception of their SW
transmission i s not
reported as of 1991.

I visited the
studios of Radio
Nuevo Continente on
STATION STAFF OP RADIO NUEVO CONTINENTE July 11, 1989. The
exact location was
- 76 -

Jr. Amazonas 660, though i t is descr i bed as "Jr . Amazonas 655" on

the letterhead . The third floor of a three - story buildiri°g was
occupied by the radio station. The station scale was small: a
studio, an operating room, a manager's room and a room for reception
and administration. The MW transmitter wa s installed in a station
off ice ! All the station staff there welcomed me very much. And I was
interviewed in a morning program "A Todo Volumen" (weekdays 10 : 00-
11 :30) produced by Sr . Eutimio Marin C. It was, of course, a live
program. During talking to the microphone, I got a phone call at the
studio. Surprisingly i t was from my Japanese friend whom I met in
Huaraz city several months ago . She was in Cajamarca and was lis -
tening to my interview casually on the radio. We talked again each
other in the program on the air without any prev i ous arrangements .
What an unexpected chance it was!

Radio Nuevo Continente has the following frequencies: 1560 kHz

(OBX - 2J official frequency 820 kHz), 5060 kHz (OAZ-2E official
frequency 3230 kHz) and 101.2 MHz (OCZ - 2E official frequency 102 . 5
MHz). As of July, 1989, only MW transmission was active. (One of the
MW radio stations in Cajamarca, Radio Noticias, is authorized to
operate on 1570 kHz, but actually Radio Noticias is broadcasting on
1230 kHz to avoid the interference from Radio Nuevo Continente
operating on 1560 kHz . ) The MW transmitter is fabricated by
"Franvel" (Made in PeTu) and an "L" type antenna is used. This
station was founded on September 30, 1983, during the government of
the President Arquitecto Fernando Belaunde Terry, with the SW
transmission on 51 90 kHz. All the equipment was installed on the
location of Jr. Amazonas 660, a few blocks from "Plaza de Armas" .
The pour pose of foundation was to spread culture, entertainment,
information and orientation . The station has been supported by the
efforts of Dr . Car - -
los Cabrera Herbert,
present Gerente de
Pr ens a, and Sr . Mi -
guel Soto Villos-
lada, who is working
at Radio Programas
del Peru - Lima as of
1989. They were
broadcast i ng only on
MW frequency during
my visit, but they
had a plan to
reactivate its SW
transmission from
July 28, 1989, In -
dependence Day of
Peru . Having not
been reported its
reception, the plan
seems to have not
been realized. SR. EUTIMIO MARIN CASAHUAMAN AT STUDIO
Station Personnel as of July, 1989

Gerente General Eduardo Cabrera Urteaga

Gerente de Tecnico Juan Dionisio Huacachino Alcantara
Gerente de Prensa Carlos Cabrera Herbert
Locutores Eutimio Marin Casahuaman
Manuel Miranda Ocas
Guillermo Julca Gallardo
Operadores Juan Carlos de los Rios
Daniel Limay, Freddy Verastegui Mendoza
 -77-

Program of Radio Nuevo Continente as of 1989

Monday ___ to ____ Fr iday

04:00 - 05:00
HUAYNOS DANIEL LIMAY
05:00 - 06:00
ANORANZAS FOLKLORICAS DANIEL LIMAY
06:00 - 07:00
CRISTO ES EL CAMINO MOISES HERRERA
07:00 - 08:00
RECORDANDO JUNTOS EUTIMIO MARIN
08 :0 0 - 09:00
TROPICALES DE SIEMPRE EUTIMIO MARIN
09:00 - 10:00
MUSICA LATINOAMER IC ANA EUT IMI O MARIN
10 : 00 - 11 : 30
A TODO VOLUMEN EUTIMIO MARIN
11 : 30 - 12:30
MUSICA NACIONAL CON RECETAS EUTIMIO MARIN
12:30 - 14 : 00
NOT I CIERO "SUCESOS" CARLOS CABRERA
14 :00 - 15:00
BOLEROS INOLVIDABLES MANUEL MIRANDA
15:00 - 16:00
RECUERD OS MANUEL MIRANDA
16:00 - 17 :00
HUAYNOS SELECCI ONADOS PABLO SANDOVAL
17:00 - 18 :00
CRISTO ES EL CAMIN O MO ISES HERRERA
18:00 - 18:30
AFICIO N EDUARDO CABRERA
18:30 - 19 :30
ISRAEL EN SU NUEVO DESPERTAR
19 : 30 - 20:30
CANTO POPULAR PABLO SANDOVAL
20:30 - 21:00
MEJICANAS JUAN CARLOS DE LOS RIOS
(LUNES, MIERCOLES Y VIERNES)
PASILLOS JUAN CARLOS DE LOS RIOS
(MARTES Y JUEVES)
21:00 - 22 :0 0 NOCHES DE AMOR JUAN CARLOS DE LOS RIOS
22:00 - 23:00 NOCHES BAILABLES JUAN CARLOS DE LOS RIOS
Saturd ays
05:00 - 07:00 SABADOS FOLKLORICOS DANIEL LIMAY
07:00 - 08:00 TRABAJO COMUNAL CARLOS TELLO
08:00 - 10:00 MUSICA SALSA EUTIMIO MARIN
10:00 - 11:00 RECREO I NFANTIL FREDY VERASTEGUI
11:00 - 13:00 MUSICA VARIADA F REDY VERASTEGUI
13 :00 - 14:00 CRISTO ES EL CAMINO MOISES HERRERA
14 : 00 - 18:30 LA GRAN MATINEE JUAN CARL OS DE LOS RIOS
18:30 - 19:30 ISRAEL EN SU NUEVO DESPERTAR
19 :3 0 - 20:00 PASILLOS DANIEL LIMAY
20:00 - 23:00 CAJAMARCA CANTA Y BAILA ANTENOR MENDOZA
Sundays
05 : 00 - 06 : 30 DOMINGOS FOLKLOR ICOS DANIEL LI MAY
06:30 - 07:30 MISA
07:30 - 09 :30 DOMINGOS FOLKLORICOS DANIEL LIMAY
09 : 30 - 10:00 MUS ICA TROPI CAL DANIEL LIMAY
10 : 00 - 11 : 00 SONORA MATANCERA FREDY VERASTEGUI
11:00 - 11:30 MICROCOSMOS LIL I AN GOICOCHEA
11:30 - 13:00 MUSICA VAR I ADA FREDY VERASTEGUI
13:00 - 15:00 CRISTO ES EL CAMINO MOISES HERRERA
15 : 00 - 16 :0 0 MUSICA INSTRUMENTAL
16:00 - 18:30 MUSICA JUVENIL JUAN CARLOS DE LOS RIOS
Station I dentif icatio n
·--·---------
"R a dio Nuevo Continen te, si empre contigo, desde Cajamarca, Peru en
los 1560 kHz de la ampli tud modulada, 5060 kHz banda internacional
de los 60 me tros , onda corta, cubriendo el PerQ y el mundo."
"Pero, en Cajamar ca estA tu Nuevo Continente, su onda corta
distancia."
-78 -

OAX 2W OND.t. LAROA 860 KC.

RADIO ATAHUALPA 5. A.
Piasa Bologoeoi •/n. - Tele!. 2721 - Cajamarca - Peru

RADIO ATAHUALPA
Radio Atahualpa has been
heard around the world since its
beginning of SW transmission in
April, 1988. They are on 4820.8
kHz (ex-4821 . 6 kHz) as of 1991 .
After playing Himno Nacional
(national anthem) at 10:00 UTC we
can enjoy the Peruvian folklore
music program "Raices Folkl6 -
ricas.

Radio Atahualpa is located in

front of "Plaza Bolognesi", to the
east of downtown. There is a
signboard above the entrance of
the station building, which is
described as "Radio Atahualpa 1380
klc" with a mark of ORC (Organiza-
ci6n Roberto Cruzado) network. I
v'isi ted their studios on July 11,
1989. Sr. Luis Cruzado Ossio, Ge-
rente, who was 60 years old then,
welcomed warmly my visit and told
me some interesting stories about
Radio Atahualpa .

The station building consists

of studio, operating room, record
disc library, manager's room, etc. SR . CRUZADO OSSIO (CENTER)
But it can be regarded as a small cl STATION STAFF
scale radio station . They have the
fol lowing authorized frequencies:

1380 kHz (OAX-2W officially

informed 1 kW but in fact only
0 . 3 kW) , 4820 kHz (OAZ-2F 1
kW) and 89. 9 MHz (OCZ-2H O. 25
Radio Atahualpa S. A. kW) . Their SW transmission
PLAZA ■ OLOONESI - Tl.'.LU'ONO 27% 1 started on April 16, 1988 but
CA.JAMA RCA - P'UIU
FM transmission had not been
realized until my visit to the
station. Radio Atahualpa was
~~ Y!??,U,~
OERENTE
aw founded on June 8, 1967 by Sr.
Roberto Cruzado Ossio, in
order to radiate culture,
education, information and
entertainment by means of mass
communication. Formerly their
OFICINAS [N LOU f!UHCISCO ll&ASIAS S1S - SAN ISIDRO - TUU0f(05 01111 - U2f1t
studios were situated at Jr.
Lima 54 8. The transmit ting
site is located at Urbaniza -
ci6n Fatima in the neighboring
 -79 -

town Banos del Inca. The MW antenna is a metalic tower and the SW is
a dipole . Their broadcasting schedule is from 05: 00 (Saturdays &
Sundays 06 : 00) to 00 : 00 . Only 9 persons were working at the station
as of 1989. They had a plan to increase output power of MW
transmission from 0.3 kW to 3 kW, but because of technical problem
concerning with SW transmission, it was impossible to realize this
plan. Radio Atahualpa belongs to ORC (Organizaci6n Roberto Cruzado)
network, which was organized by Sr. Roberto Cruzado Ossie, the
founder of Radio Atahualpa and the brother of present Gerente . Radio
Atahualpa de Cajamarca, Radio Nuevo Mundo de Pucallpa, Radio Heroica
de Trujillo, Radio Loreto AM y FM de Iquitos, Radio Huancayo de
Huancayo, Radio San Francisco de Piura and Radio Uno FM de Lima are
the associates of this radio network.
According to
Sr. Luis Cruzado
Ossie, many years
ago Radio Ca j amarca
(abolished) broad -
casted on SW band
one hour daily only
to send messages to
the public but was
closed. I found
their station build -
ing at one corner of
"Plaza de Armas" in
downtown casually .
Above the entrance
there was a sign-
board "Radio Caja -
marca" and above it
there was another
signboard of "Empre-
sa de Cine, Radio y
Television" . Empresa STATION BUILDING OP RADIO CAJAIIARCA
de Cine, Radio y Te-
levision S . A . (RTP)
is a company which owns Radio Nacional del Peru - Tacna, etc. I at
knocked the door in case someone was there, but there was no answer,
hi.

All the Station Personnel as of July, 1989

Gerente/Administrador Luis Cruzado Ossie
Auxiliar de Contabilidad Socorro Alvarado Silva
Locutores Victor Manuel Camacho Chavez
Cesar Montoya Saldivar
Cesar Zuniga Iman
Locutores Volantes Castinaldo Cabrera Saucedo
Eddy Torres Aldave
Operador de Planta Jose Santos Terrones Sanchez
Director de Informativos Luis Sattui Meza

QSL Information

Sr. Luis Cruzado Ossie, Geren te, has been

busy for his radio business (he does all the
administrative work of the station), reply to
reception reports tends to be late, however, he
said he would surely answer to all the listen-
ers. Be patient . Including return postage is
recommended .
- 80 -

AV, MANCO CAPAC 275 APARTAOO POSTAL 418

BANOS DEL INCA - CAJAMARCA

RADIO INCA
Radio Inca, Banos del Inca, has been heard all over the world
on the out of band frequency 4237 kHz. We can enjoy excellent Peru -
vian folklore music in their program.

Banos del Inca is a small

village located some 6 km from the
city of Cajamarca. There is a
local bus service between these
places. Taking a bus which went
along rural area, some 15 minutes
after, I got off at a very small
square. I did not know if it was a
main square of the village. (All
the cities, towns, and villages in
Latin America are formed surround-
ing its main square, generally
called "Plaza" . Another aspect is
that al 1 the communities, even a
smallest village, have without
exception a church in it.) The
famous hot springs of Banos del
Inca was in front of the square,
so I was convinced that I was in
the village where Radio Inca, Ba -
nos del Inca i s located. Walking
around the square, I found a sta -
tion building of Radio Inca, Banos
del Inca. Confirming the location
of the radio station, I decided to
go to hot springs first. Paying
300 intis (US$ 0 . 10), I took a
rest after the journey at the hot
springs where the emperor Inca
Atahualpa bathed.
There was a large signboard
on the wall of the station build -
ing of Radio Inca, Banos del
Inca . I knocked the door
Radio Inca del Peru S. R. Ltda, several times and finally a
La Peruanisima del Uial man came to open the door . I
OCX-2Q 1510 Khz . A . M. was allowed to pass into the
station. The studios were on
the second floor of the
building and its station scale
9'o,J~,- ~JC'° 9. was small. Sr. Porfirio Cuzco
GERENTE P., Director/Gerente, welcomed
my visit. He showed me around
the station. I surprisingly
found a familiar sticker on
the glass of an operating
room. It was a sticker of
 - 81-

Radio Inca del Peru - Lima. Yes, it

was that Sr. Jorge Irei Inamine,
Gerente Tecnico, had sent them. I
asked him and confirmed that there
is no relationship between this
Radio Inca, Banos del Inca and
Radio Inca del Peru, Lima.

Radio Inca, Banos del Inca,

is operating on 1510 kHz (0CX - 2Q 2
kW) and 4237 kHz (ex - 4495 kHz) (1.3
kW) . Their MW frequency is regis -
tered by Ministerio de Transportes
y Comunicaciones, but SW frequency
has not been authorized. The out-
put power of SW transmitter was
0.8 kW as of July, 1989 . I was in -
formed that it would be increased
to 1.3 kW from late July, 1989.
The MW transmitter is fabricated
by "DIELB" . The transmitting site
is 1 km north to the station and a
49 meters high tower antenna is
used. The station was founded on
November 27, 1983, aiming to dif-
fuse culture, entertainment and
folklore of the country. Their
programs mainly consist of folk -
lore music, like "mllsica huayno".
Most of Latin American radio sta -
tions play folklore music of the i r
country especially in their early
SR. PORFIRIO CUZCO P. (/,EFT) morning program, but this r ad i o
& STATION STAFF station plays Peruvian folklore
music all day long. The station
slogan is "Radio Inca, la perua-
nisima del dial".

Station Personnel as of July, 1989

Gerente Gonzalo Urteaga Vergaray

Director/Gerente Porfirio Cuzco P.
Adm i nistrador Enrique 0cas Sanchez
Secretario Manuel Graciano Terrones
Contador Santos Alcantara Armas
Operadores Segundo Martos Ascencio
Manno Cuzco Rudas
Wilfredo Gutierrez Cortes
Plan tis ta Mario Saldana

Station Identification

"Cuando te pre gun ten cual radio escuchas, responde Radio Inca del
Peru, la peruanisima del dial. La frecuencia de 1510, la radio mas
potente del Departamento de Cajamarca prosigue cubriendo musica del
folklor cajamarquino . "
-82 -

RADIO LIBEHTAD DE TRUJILLO

0 . A. X 2 C. . 1160 Kc. 0 . A. X . 2 H 4910 Ko. y F. 1\1.
Ml NUEVA RADIO LA HORA LA VOZ DE LA CALLE, EL RADIOPERIODICO
0, A. X 2 F, 980 Kc. MAS IMPORTANTE DEL NORTE DEL PERU
- - - ------··········-······-··--- Red de Parlantes en los Mercado, de T rujlllo
Zeplta N° 450 - Trujillo.
Tells. 131421 - 252934 - 235054
Casilla Postal 712

RADIO LIBERTAD DE TRUJILLO

The city of Trujillo is the capital of Department of La Liber-

tad, located at 561 km north of Lima in a coastal region, and has a
populat ion of some 637,000 . Trujillo is a home of the "marinera",
one of Peruvian famous dances and the site of the extensive mud -
brick ruins of Chan Chan.
The reception of Radio Libertad de Trujillo is so diff ic ult
that few DX'ers in Japan have succeeded in catching their signal on
4910 . 7 kHz. As many Latin American radio stations are listed on the
adjacent frequencies, be careful of confirming.

It was a 9 hour travel by long-distance bus from Lima to

Trujillo. My purpose to go to the city of Trujillo was, first of
all, to visit Radio Libertad de Trujillo and secondly to see Ruins
of Chan Chan. In a hotel I switched on my radi o receiver to know if
Radio Libertad de Trujillo is active or not. Referring to World
Radio TV Handbook (WRTH) , I tuned in 1160 kHz and was pleased to
fi nd their signal on that frequency. The SW transmission on 4910 kHz
was also active, but irregularly. Then I surveyed the MW band and
found many radio stations which were not listed in WRTH 1989. (Those
have already been followed up)
The studios of Radio Libertad de Truj ill o are located at Jr.
Zepita 450, in downtown Trujillo. On October 24, 1989, I walked a
few blocks from my ho -
tel to visit this ra -
dio station. I found a
two - story building "E-
dificio Burmester" in
which Radio Libertad
de Trujillo occupies
their studios and of -
fices . Dr. Carlos Bur -
meste r B., Director/
Gerente, welcomed me
warmly and showed me
over the station . The
first floor is occu -
p ie d by the radio sta-
tion and the second is
his house. They have a
studio for live pro -
gram, another one for
recorded program, an
operating room, an of-
f i ce for public atten -
tion, an administra - SR . BURMESTER (THE SECOND FROM THE LEfT).
tion office, a news- STATION STAFF & THE WRITER AT THE ENTRANCE
paper room, a large OF THE STATION
 - 83-

auditorium, etc. Ra -
dio Libertad de Tru -
jillo has 1160 kHz
(OAX-2C) and 4910
kHz . (OAX-2K) author -
ized . They are plan -
ning to realize an
FM transmission in
the near future. As
you see on a letter -
head, the proprietor
also has Mi Nueva
Radio La Hora (980
kHz OAX-2F) , though
which was inactive
as of October, 1989 .
4 transmitters and 3
genera tors are e-
quipped in the sta-
tion. I think the 4
transmitters are
used and wil 1 be
used for MW, SW, FM
and Mi Nueva Radio
La Hora. Dr. Carlos
Burmester 8. took me
to his office on the
second floor, and he
showed me a lot of
reception reports
from abroad. Many of
them were from
DX'ers and members
of DX clubs I know
very well, like Mr.
Toshiaki Sakai, who
is a RNM'er, DX
South Florida. He
issued me a QSL
letter with a
beautiful violet
colored pennant.
Then I was invited
to participate in
afternoon news and
commentary program .
Dr. Carlos Burmester
8. himself took a
microphone and in-
troduced me to the
listeners. He espe-
cially emphasized that his radio station had been heard in Japan .
The transmission starts at 05 : 30 (variable) on 1160 kHz and
4910 kHz (irregular) simultaneously with a bolero music program
"Romance Amanecer". In this program the station identifies as "Estas
en la sintonia de Radio Libertad de Trujillo, la voz del pueblo y de
la juventud . Estamos presentando Romance Amanecer."

CIA. DE RADIODIFUSION S. A.
RADIO LIBERTAD DE TRUJILLO
OAX2C 1160 KLCS. OAX2H 4910 KLCS.

-----CADENA:- RED DE PA RLANTES EN TOD OS LOS M ERCADOS DE TRUJILLO Y LA ESPERANZA-----

- 84-

Ecltficio de Radio Libert.ad Trujillo Personal Voz de la C11.lle Vl~ta Plant.a Radio Llbertad

Oficina de Atenci6n al PU.blico Gerencia Plant.a El8Ctrica. Propi.a 3 motoree

Par su nuevo enfoque Periodistico ...

LA VOZ DE LA CALLE
R A o I O LI BE RT AD de Trujillo
LA PRIMERA
De acuerdo al ranking de Mercados y
Tendencias, este es el veredicto de los
numeros:
Dir. Zepita 450 Ap~do. 712 Telf. 231421 TRUJILLO -PERU
 - 85-

C. D . 5. INTERNACIONAL

RADIO '-CENTINELA DEL SIJR"

1.210 Kc. ONDA MEDIA
4 .890 Kc. ON DA CORT A

CON 10 Y 15.000
WATIOS DE CDN JOSE CORONEL IL LEGAS
POTENCIA . GEREN TE · PROPIETARIO

SUJl
EDGAR FABIAN CORONEL VELEZ
DIRECTOR DE PROGRAMACIONES
Olmedo 11-56 Tells . 960-211 - 961-166 y 962-270
JOSE ALBERTO COOONEL VELEZ Casilla de Correo No . 196
JEFE DE PROGAMACIONES DEPORT IVAS Loja - Ecuador

"'- 1./ I RADIODIFUSORAS

A
--~I
LA Voz DE SAauis1u Y L1eERTADOR
4.900 Khz. y 1.230 Khz. en tronsmisi6n simult6neo

DOS FRECUENCIAS QUE SIRVEN A TODO EL PAIS

DESDE EL CORAZON DE LA PATRIA EN SUS

SODAS DE PLATA . AL SERVICIO DE LOS MAS
CAROS INTERESES NACIONALES.
DESDE SU PATRIA CHICA SAQUISILI.

Prof. V Arturo Mena H. Ledo. Edwin Mena Corrales

Gerente. · Director.
Carrera 24 de Mayo, frente a la Plaza 18 de Octubre 3er. piso · Telf. 721-035
SAQUISILI • ECUADOR
- 86 -

-~~-. . ·,,._
,··y ~
~-~-""""'.J. ·•.
/ (I b \
!
RADIO POPULAR INDEPENDIENTE
1 LA VOZ DEL AU8TR0

- - -- -- - . Mas Sinfonia Mas Simpalfa

, J JO 011da largo
4 800 Ondo Coria
RADIO POPULAR INDEPENDIENTE

Esludio, . In July, 1989, I was in Cajamarca, Peru. I had

to go on north and cross the frontier into Ecuador,
.llv. Lojo 2-408 because the expiration date of my Peruvian tourist
La Gloria visa was coming. I took a bus to Chiclayo ("El
Cumbre • US$ 3 . 00) , the most developed city in the
Telf 8,0. / J I
north of the country. I stayed one night there .
After visiting some MW radio stations, I continued
my bus travel to go to Tumbes ("Transporte Nor
Oficina:
Pacifico" US$ 3 . 50). Tumbes is a small city with no
Prt1idenle COrduva sightseeing aspect but is situated very near to the
frontier, some 20 minutes by car . The bus arrived
11 - 15
there very early in the morning. I bought some
V General Torre, Tumbes style bread (Each city in Peru has bread of
Telf. b25 -577 its own style . ) and a glass of papaya juice. Having
them on the street, a skinny dog came closer to me
and was looking at me very enviously. Naturally I
•Terminal Turedre: shared my breakfast with him, hi. After my break-
fast, bidding farewell to the dog, I took a shared
1ra. OJ,cina taxi (US$ 0. 80) to go to the frontier. Aguas Verdes
Sala de E•ptra is a town which adjoins Ecuador. There were only an
open - air market and an immigration office. I got an
exit stamp on my passport and walked over the bridge
Box Correo Central across the frontier. Huaguillas is an Ecuadorian
border town. This time, an officer at the immigra-
tion gave me an entry stamp with the permission of
Cuenca - Ecuador 30 day stay . As there was nothing to see in this
town, I bought a bus ticket ("Azuay" US$ 1 .90) at
once and took my way to the next city, Cuenca, for
the purpose of station visit. 6 hours later I was in
Cuenca. The f i rst night I stayed at an expensive hotel, "Hotel Las
Amer i cas" (US$ 5. 00 ! ) . When I visited Ecuador in 1989 the cost of
l i v i ng i n Ecuador was cheaper than in Peru. Next morning I changed
to stay at "Residencial Atenas" (US$ 1. 80) . Generally I choose the
cheapest class hotels on travel, hi.

The c i ty of Cuenca is the capital of Department of Azuay, lo-

cated at 2350 meters above sea level. It was founded in 1557 by Gil
Ramirez Davalos, as the name of Santa Ana de los Rios de Cuenca.
Cuenca is the center of important cultural life so i t is called by
the name of "Atenas del Ecuador" . The population and industrial and
commercial activities of Cuenca occupy the third place among the
cities of Ecuador nowadays.

According to my survey monitor from July 1 5 to 18, 1989 in

Cuenca, 13 MW radio stations from Cuenca and 4 MW stations from
Azogues and 3 FM stations from Cuenca were heard. On SW only Radio
Popular Independiente was active on 4800 kHz. But some days later in
Qui to, I confirmed that La Voz del Rio Tarqui was broadcasting on
 - 87-

3285 kHz. So there were at least two active SW radio stations in

Cuenca as of 1989. There are some other familiar ex - SW radio
stations in Cuenca which used to be heard around the world: Ondas
Azuayas, Radio Splendit, Radio Cuenca, etc .
On July 17, 1989, I visited the studios of Radio Popular
Independiente, which are located on the outskirts of the city.
Leaving downtown, I walked along Av. Loja in rural area and at last
after more than half an hour I found the station building, which is
also a house of the Villavicencio family. I could not find any
signboard at the street in part icu lar, so confirming the address,
Av. Loja 2 - 408, I knocked at the door . A young girl opened the door.
I told her that I wanted to visit the radio station and she allowed
me to enter the house. One room at the first floor was an adminis -
tration office . The studios were in one room on the second floor. As
the station is located on the outskirts of the city, they have their
public at tent ion off ice in down town and at the bus terminal. Sra.
Maria Lucrecia Villavicencio E., who is a daughter of Gerente,
welcomed my visit, and I was told that Gerente was out of the
station at that time. I asked her to issue a QSL and give me some
station information . While she was typing them, fortunately Sra.
Manena Escandon de Villavicencio, Gerente/Propietaria, came back to
the station. She was a little surprised at an unexpected guest but
welcomed me very
much. She told me
that they had
received many let-
ters from abroad and
some DX'ers had
visited their stu -
dios, too. She
showed me their
studios and then
gave me two record
discs in remembrance
of my visit. It was
one of the impres-
sive radio station
visits for me by
reason of the hearty
welcome of the Vi-
llavicenc i o family.
SRA. IIANENA VIUAVICENCIO (THE SECOND f'ROII THE
LEfT) & HER f'AIIILY AT STUDIOS
Radio Popular Independiente, whose slogan is "La Voz del
Austro", has the fol lowing nominal frequencies: 1230 kHz (HCMV5 2
kW) and 4800 kHz (HCMV5 5 kW), signs on at 04 :4 5 (06 : 00 according to
my monitor in July, 1989) and signs off at 00 : 30. As of late 1991,
the reception of this station on 4745 kHz is reported by some
DX'ers. On the special days like New Year, Carnival, Mother's Day,
Father's Day, Day of Santa Rosa, Day of Romer ia s, they broadest
special programs for 24 hours without interruption. The present
transmitters were fabricated by a certain Ecuadorian company in
1968. The antenna of MW is an "L" type with 15 meters high and that
of SW is a dipole with 30 meters in length and 12 meters in height.
The station was founded on January 27, 1956 by Mario S. Villa-
vicencio, who died many years ago. I suppose that their authorized
call sign "HCMV5" includes the initials of Mario S. Villavicencio,
as it is a normal thing in Ecuador according to "Latin America by
Radio" page 19 written by Mr . Henrik Klemetz. At present the wife of
the founder, Manena Escandon de Villavicencio, owns and directs the
station. As of July, 1989, they had a plan to renew the transmitting
equ i pment and antenna and to increase the output power to 10 kW in
the near futere.
- 88 -

Station Personnel as of July, 1989

Gerente/Prop i etaria Manena Escandon de Villavicencio

Tecn i co Electr6nico Marcos Vargas
Locutores/Operadores Manena Escardon de Villavicencio
Efrain Altamirano A .
Pablo A. Villa V.
Hernan Avila G.
Miguel Villavicencio E.
Recepcionistas Beatriz Vasquez S.
Monica Villavicencio E.
Informaci6n Maria Lucrecia Villavicencio E.
Program of Radio Popular Independiente as of July, 1989
04 : 45 APERTURA DE LA TRANS-
MISION
04 : 45 - 05 : 00 APERTURA MUSICAL
05 : 00 - 06:00 FLORILEGIO DEL PASILLO
ECUATORIANO
06 : 00 - 06 : 30 EL SANTO ROSARIO
FAMILIAR
06 : 30-07:00 AVISOS Y COMUNICADOS
07:00 - 08:00 LA SANTA MISA FAMILIAR
08:00 - 09:00 INFORMATIVO MATINAL
09 : 00 - 09:30 EL INDIO VALERIANO
09 : 30 - 12:00 PROGRAMACION VARIADA
PARA CADA DIA DE LA
SEMANA
12 : 00 - 12:30 SHOW DE MEDIODIA:
" REIR NO CUESTA NADA"
12 ~30 - 14:00 INFORMATIVO DEL MEDIO -
DIA
14 : 00 - 15:00 COPLAS DE ORO DE LA
GUARDIA VIEJA (TANGOS)
1 5 : 00 - 17:00 TARDECITAS CUENCANAS
17 : 00 - 00:30 AVISOS Y COMUNICADOS
SALUDOS Y MUSICALES
DENTRO Y FUERA DE LA
PROVINCIA Y EL PAIS STATION SIGNBOARD
00:30 CIERRE DE LA TRANS - (PHaro BY MR. TAKAYUKI INOUE)
MISION

•X>\\) POPUL,4.f~
~ l' ' ~
:\
LA V0Z DEL AUSTRO

STATION STAFF
AT AUDITORIUM
 - 89 -

1.290 Khz.
Voz del
ESTACION
Rio Tarq,ii"
DE RACIOOIFUSION ECUATORIANA 3.285
265 mts . 90 mt, .
ESTUD/OS: CASILLA :
La Mar y Juan Montalvo Cuenca • Ecuador 877

LA VOZ DEL RIO TARQUI

La Voz del Rio Tarqui (HCJA5) is one of the rarely heard radio
stations in Japan. Mainly on DXpedition in winter season its recep-
tion on 3286.1 kHz has been reported in Japan. As of late 1991 it is
informed that they are operating on SW irregularly and not transmit-
ting their morning program. Therefore it is advisable to watch for
the special broadcasting programs on Christmas Day, New Year, etc.

It was on July 17, 1989 that I visited the station of La Voz

del Rio Tarqui, which is located at the corner of the two streets,
La Mar and Juan Montalvo, in downtown Cuenca. It was a two storied
building: the first floor is occupied by administrative and public
attention offices. The second may be, though I did not see, studios
and operating room. Sr. Manuel Pul la Cornejo, Gerente, was at the
station office. He was a fat man in early old age . First of all, I
introduced myself to him, telling that I am Japanese and was on
travel visiting radio stations around Latin America. I continued to
tell him that I came from Peru and after traveling around Ecuador I
would go back to Peru. Then immediately he turned into cold expres -
sion. It was probably because Ecuador is on bad terms with Peru on
international relations and my words made him feel bad. He told me
that Peruvian people was originated by Japanese (so, Japanese are
the enemy, too) . I felt insulted . Even under such circumstances, I
struggled to obtain some station information . While we were talking,
he said he had to go to the transmitting site at once. We shook
hands each other formally, never powerfully. (In Latin American
countries, when there is a friendship between them, they shake hands
with power. The more power means the more friendship.)
During my stay in Cuenca in the middle of July, 1989, La Voz
del Rio Tarqui was not operating on SW frequency (3286 kHz) but was
about to reactivate it. After some absence they started its test
transmission on July 18, 1989 and from July 24, a full power trans-
mission was commenced. According to Sr. Manuel Pulla C . , the trans-
mit ting schedule of SW was from 05: 1 5 to 08: 30 and from 17 : 30 to
20: 30 . One of the purposes of SW transmission was to send news,
information and personal messages to the audience in Amazon area,
where there was no telephone service available. But recent diffusion
of telegram service has replaced its function and as the case stands
there is no longer much necessity of SW transmission .

The transmitters were made i n Ecuador by Ing. Raul Sojos, who

is a technical personnel of the station. The antenna of MW is
vertical tower with 50 meters in height installed in February, 1989,
replacing former dipole antenna. SW antenna is umbrella system
(sistema paraguas) .

SIJPEll IJNO TBflPlt)~4.L

1.....4 1'0Z DEL RIO TAR(JIJI
';D,ra/. ?It. Putu e~""efo
GERENTE
-90-

ORGANIZf\CION RADIOFONICA
DECANA OE LA RAOIOOIFUSION EN TODD El SUR DEL PAIS

ONDAS AZUAYAS

"0ndas Azuayas used to be heard on 4980 kHz from 11 : 00 to 12:00

UTC mainly with an information program ." reported Mr . Tetsuya Hira-
hara in a Japanese DX publication. Unfortunately their SW transmis-
sion was interrupted by the governmental control in 1986, according
to a station staff.

I visited the studios of 0ndas Azuayas on July 17 , 1989,

located several blocks north from downtown, very near to the station
building o f Radio Splendi t . The station staff were busy for their
work and I could talk on l y with Sr . Guido Cardoso M. , Geren te de
Ondas Azuayas FM for a short time. As he is working for the FM
station, I could not
obtain much informa -
tion about their ex -
SW transmiss i on. I
was only i nformed
that the government
made them stop
broadcasting on SW
three years ago, so
it was in 1986, and
that there was no
plan to reactivate
it at that moment .
The station was
founded on Apr il 12,
1948 (or 1949) by
Dr . Jose Antonio
Cardoso F . and Ledo .
Alberto Cardoso F .
The studios are
equipped with "Mc- STUDIO OF ONDAS AZUAYAS (PHaro BY
Marti", "Marti" 1
MR. TETSUYA HIRAHARA IN MARCH, 1980)
"Russco", etc .

Technical Information

1110 kHz (HCJC5) : Willkinson (Made in U.S.A.) transmitter (5 kW) and

vertical tower antenna situated in RACAR (Provincia de Azuay) Its
service area is Prov ince of Az uay and part of Canar and Loja .

93.7 MHz (HCJC5) : Willkinson (Made in U. S . A . ) transmitter (2 . 8 kW)

and direct i onal ant enn a "Phel ps Dodge" fixed at the top o f a t ower
with 48 met ers i n height . Its servic e area is Pr ov inc e of Azua y and
part of Canar and Leja.

Station Personnel as o f Ju ly, 1989

Gerente de "0ndas Azuayas" AM Ing. Gustavo Cardoso M.

Gerente de "0ndas Azuayas" FM Ing . Guido Cardoso M.
Director de Informaci6n Ing. Eduardo Cardoso M.
Director de Programaci6n de AM Arq. Fausto Cardoso M.
Directora de Programaci6n de FM Sra . 0smara de Leon
Gerente de Ventas Dr . Alfredo Ram ir ez T.
 - 91-

~ °':DAS
ORGANIZJ\CION RADIOFONICA
OECANA DE LA RAOIOOIFUSION EN TOOO EL SUR DEL PAIS

A.M. 1 110
AHPLITUO HOOULAOA OE ORGAIUZACION RAOIOFONICA ONOAS AZUAYAS
di~
PROGRAl1ACI ON
HORA LUNES I MARTES I MIERCOLES I JUEVES I VIERNES SABADO DOMINGO
u.,n ~u
AMANECER ECUATORIANO
06h 00 ' -~
I AMANECER
E C U A D 0 R A D I 0
07h 00'
H .C.J .B I C'rl IATnDl,UJn

REPORTAJES
E L N O T I C I E R 0 D E L A S 7 Noticitro HCJB
OBh OD'
ECUADOR AD IQ l DNA INFORMATIVO
O<Jh oo·- f- FRANCA 0 . AZUAYAS
LOS HITS DE L A HISTORIA
TU HISTORIA
•
10h 00 ' -f-
PREFER ID A
PERSPECT IVAS

•
l1h00'-- FESTIVAL D E EXIT OS EN
DOMINGOS
12h00 '
• OIRECTO
DEPORTIVOS
EL INFORMATIVO ONDAS AZUAYAS RESUMEN
13h00 ' SEMANAL DEL
INFOJ\11ATIVO TELEVISTAW
DEPORTE
l4h00'--

15h00 °- -
* EL MUNDO
Hf SPANO
•
l6h00 °- - FESTIVAL DE EXITOS DE LA
MUSIC A
*
l7h00°--
LA TINO AMER I-
18h00 '
* CANO
LATINO AME- lttr u u ritmos
EL DEPORT[ ES NOTICIA CANO
19h 00 ' SOLO BOLEROS
EL INFORM AT IVO ONDAS AZUAYAS
20h 00' instrumtntalts
vn ,n
TELEVIST AZO
2\t\00 ' - - LOS

22h 00' - -
• RECUERDOS Y
US TED
PARA AMAR V RECORDAR
23h00' - -
•
24h 00'
•
• EL MICRO INFORMATIVO "ONOAS AZUAYAS "

CASILLA : 49-80

CABLE , ONDAZUAYAS

HEROES OE VERDELOMA 9-15

TELEFONOS , 823911 · 823826 • 824706

CUENCA - ECUADOR

(PHaro BY MR. TETSUYA

H/RAHARA IN MARCH, 1980)
- 92 -

Noticiosa @
831287
RADIO SPLENDIT A.M.
1260 KHZ.
@

822730
~usical DEFINITIVAMENTE LA "NUMERO UNO"
OIRECC tON : Luis Cordero 18·18 · Casi lla : 13-52

RADIO SPLENDIT
Radio Splendit, which has a curious station name, not in
Spanish nor English, was heard on 5025.7 kHz in 1985/1986 in Japan .
But as the reception of this radio station has not been reported,
their SW transmission seems to be abolished.
The station offices and studios of Radio Splendit are located
at Luis Cordero 18 - 1 8 in downtown Cuenca . Station locations are
generally not described in World Radio TV Handbook (WRTH), only
postal addresses are listed. For those who try to visit local radio
stations the most efficient way to know their locations is to look
over a local telephone directory. It can be found at front desk of
hotel (sometimes in a room) or at the telephone company . You may
also obtain some station advertisement from it, but I caution not to
cut it only for your collection, hi.
I visited Radio Splendi t on
July 17, 1989. In fact I visited
them previously on July 15/16,
but being on weekends, there was
no one to talk with me. On Monday
morning, on 17th, I walked a
stone pavement uphill road toward
the station, several blocks north
from the main square of the city.
I arrived at the station office
at 9 o'clock and I was told that
the director of the station would
come soon. I waited, maybe for
some 30 minutes, and final 1 y I
could talk with Srta. Ruben Va-
lencia V., Directora. As I knew
that another Japanese DX' er had
visited this radio station, I was
expected to be welcomed warmly.
Against my anticipation, she only
issued a QSL letter and gave me a
program schedule. I wanted to ask
more questions, but, I suppose
that she was in a bad humor, so I
had to go out of the station at
once. Station staff does not al-
ways welcome a visit of their
listener. But, I am not talking
only about the case of Radio
(PHOTO BY MR. TAKAYUKI /NOOE) Splendit. It is probable that
someone else, or I again, visits
Radio Splendit and is much wel-
comed . It is a matter of luck, like a QSLing of Latin American radio
stations.
Radio Splendit operated only on MW frequency, 1260 kHz (HCLV5),
as of July, 1989. But their new frequency 1040 kHz is listed in the
1991 edition of World Radio TV Handbook (WRTH) . It is informed that
 - 93 -

they are 24 hours transmitting radio station, but during my stay in

Cuenca in the middle of July, 1989, they started their transmission
at 05:00.
Station Personnel as of July, 1989
Gerente Edmun do Valencia
Directora Ruben Valencia V.
Secretaria Jacqueline Valencia
Funcionarios Marcelo Valencia, Fernando Valencia
Milton Regalado, Felipe Regalada
Antonio Barreto
Pro ram of Radio Splendit as of July, 1989
Monday to Friday
00:00 - 05:00 SOLOS EN LA NOCHE
05:00 - 06 :3 0
FOLKLORE ANDINO (MUSICA ECUATORIANA Y LATINOAMERICANA)
06 : 30 - 07 : 30
SINTESIS NOTICIOSA
07 :30- 08 :3 0
VIVA EL BOLERO
08 :3 0 - 12:00
MUSICALES
12:00-12:15 EL INFORMATIVO EJECUTIVO
12:15 - 13 : 00
MUSICALES
13 : 00-14 : 00
ENTRE AMIGOS
14:00-15:00 MUSICALES
15:00-15:30 DISCOMETRO (INFORMATIVO MUSICAL)
15:30-17 : 00 MUSICALES
17:00-19 :00 MUSICA A FLOR DE PIEL (MUSICA ROMANTICA)
19:00-19:15 INFORMATIVO EJECUTIVO
19 :15-20:00 MUSICALES
20:00-22 : 30 LOS FLECHAZOS DE CUPIDO (MUSICA ROMANTICA, POEMAS Y
PARTICIPACIONES
22:30-24 : 00 SERENATA HACIA LA MEDIA NOCHE

Saturdays
12:00-13 : 00 DISCOMETRO (ENCUESTA DE DISCOS SEMANAL)
Sundays

07 : 00 - 09 : 00 AMERICA HERMANA
14 : 00-20 : 00 JUNTOS EN DOMINGO
20 : 00 -23: 00 ADIOS DOMINGO

LUIS CORDERO 18-18 * TELEFONO 82-32-87 * CASILLA 1352 * CUENCA

- 94 -

Casilla 1598 - Tel~fonos: 823865 y 825490 - CUENCA-ECUADOR

RADIO CUENCA

Radio Cuenca (HCDP5) had been listed on 5950 kHz until the 1990
edition of War ld Radio TV Handbook (WRTH) . Even when they were
transmitting on SW, its reception had seldom or never been reported
in Japan . During my visit to the city of Cuenca in July, 1989, they
were operating only on MW frequency (1180 kHz) .

The studios of Radio

Cuenca are located at Pastaza
1-75/1 - 85 y Av. Loja, on the
way to Radio Popular Indepen -
diente . It was a little comp-
1180 KGS.
licated to find the station
Eacn. !J((E.be'f. Plno5. c;I/-. so I walked around here and
there. Finally in front of
8rnntr the station building, I found
Tino ■: a small signboard at the en-
Oliciu: 810•207 Oirecci6n: trance gate. I was taken into
810•853 l'aa$aza 1-75

c...
Cuenca
824·332
Ca■ illa:15•98
Ecu11,dor
the studios by an announcer
and was told that station
manager was not at the sta-
tion. But immediately he made
a telephone call to the sta -
tion manager and I was told

to wait. During
waiting for him, I
was at the operating
room, looking at how
they were producing
program . Meanwhile,
it began to thunder
heavily. They turned
off the transmitter
and interrupted the
program . It is quite
normal that trans -
miss i ons are inter -
rupted when it thun -
ders . (I experienced
it when I visited
Radio Cusco in Peru,
too . ) Soon after the
thunder went away,
it is a typical
climate of moun -
tainous region, they
began to transmit {PHOTO BY MR. TAKAYUKI /NOOE)
again . Before long,
 - 95-

Sr . Kleber Pinos
Abad, Gerente, came
to see me to the
station by his car.
-, ..
He told me that
their SW transmis-
sion was interrupted
3 years ago, i.e.
1986, by the govern-
mental force. Ondas
Azuayas also holds
true to such a case.
I heard that the
Ecuadorian govern-
ment did no·t want SW
transmission spread,
I do not know for
what reason ...
Radio Cuenca,
whose station slogan
is "La Voz de los
STAT ION BU I LOI NG Of' RADIO CUf:NCA
Cua tro Rios", was
founded in 1940 with (PHOTO BY MR. T.AXAYUKI INOUE)
the call sign HC5DP .
They operates with the equipment "Broadcast Electronic" obtained in
1987, with 10 kW of output power . The program consists of 70 % of
music , 15 % of news and 15 % of sports. Music: only romantic music
is played, as it is most preferred by the audience. News: 90 % of
the news is local topics with much participation of the public.
Sports: a sports program is transmitted daily and also covered are
all the important sports events; Campeonato Nacional, Copa Liberta-
dores , Torneos Sudamericanos. (Mostly sports programs in Latin
American radio stations are soccer game relay and its comment.)

Program of Radio Cuenca fr om October, 1988 to March, 1989

05:00 - 06 : 45 MUS I CA DEL ECUADOR
06:45 - 08 : 00 RADIO NOTICIAS (lRA PARTE)
08:00 - 09 : 15 AMANECER DEPORTIVO
09:15 - 12 : 30 SHOW DE LA TERNURA Y EL AMOR
12:30 - 14 : 00 RADIO NOTICIAS (2DA PARTE) RADIO CUENCA
14:00 - 17 : 00 CLUB DE AMIGOS
17:00 - 18 : 00 DE MUSICA Y ALGO MAS HC5DP
18:00 -1 9 : 00 RADIO NOTIC I AS (JRA PARTE)
19:00 - 21 : 00 A TRAVES DE LA NOCHE (lRA PARTE) CUENCA · ECUADOR
21:00 - 22 : 00 CRONO - DEPORTES
22:00 - 23:00 A TRAVES DE LA NOCHE (2DA PARTE)
23 : 00 - 24 : 00 BAJO EL CIELO LATINOAMERICANO

* Each hour: a) LO MEJOR DEL FESTIVAL SAN REMO

b) LA "RADIO NOTIC IA ECONOMICA" DE LA HORA
c) UN MOMENTO CON EL IDOLO
** Fridays
Sundays
"VIERNES PARA RECORDAR" all day long
"COMPARTIENDO EN DOMINGO" music program wi thout
interruption
- 96 -

Radio Nacional "PROGRESO"

1370 Khz. 0nda Media y 5060 Khz. 0nda Carta
GERENTE: Efrafo Herrera G. ESTlJDI01 Avd ■• Cran Colombia 26~63
Casilla Letra "V 0 Tel6fonoa; 961-637 y 961- 568
LOJA • ECUADOR

RADIO NACIONAL PROGRESO

After having finished station survey in Cuenca, I continued my
trip to the city of Loja. Loja is the capital of Province of the
same name, located at the southwestern part of the country, bor-
dering Peru. Here is a mountainous region as well as Cuenca .

On July 19, 1989, I left Cuenca by "Cooperaci6n Viajero" bus at

08:30 (US$ 2.20). The bus wandered on the mountain road slowly, most
ways were not paved, and finally at 16:15 I got to my destination,
Loja. I could not but visit this city. It was because Loja is well-
known to La tin American DX' ers for the existence of 3 famous SW
radio stations: Rad i o Nacional Progreso, Radio Luz y Vida and Radio
Centinela del Sur. All of them have been heard throught the world.

I found a cheap hotel

near the bus terminal, which 1 , A RADIO ES '.\[tJS I C A .. ,. Eld CtJ L ' L' t r HA
was "Hostal Mexico" (US$
1. 20) . For DX travellers it is
preferable that an electricity
plug is available in a room of
hotel so as to do DX'ing with VO:Z. Y SO N IJ)O CU J..'1 '0R Al. Ult LA C l U DAD E N S'l'ERKO
a portable radio receiver.
EDUARDO RUIZ L .
Otherwise, we have to consume G E REN TE
dry batteries, which are
comparatively expensive and
powerless in Latin America. My Dir«cidn: Rocafuerh y Bolivar Rrcord1n1 Studio,:
{ Ed iflcio Luzuria1a) (S tu dio de Gra bacidn)
point of choice of a hotel is Telrs.: 961-900 • 963-979 Loj a-Ecuador
always cheaply-charged and
electricity plug installed. At
the hotel I made a survey on activity of radio stations in Loja:

Rad i o Nacional del Ecuador, Loja (620 kHz) was inactive because
of the i nstallation of a new 50 kW transmitter (ex - 10 kW)
Emisora "Luz y Vida" (1150 kHz & 4850 kHz signs on at 05 : 30)
Radio Centinela del Sur (1210 kHz & 4890 kHz signs on at 06 : 00)
Rad i o Nacional Pro_gre~2. ( 1370 kHz & 5060 kHz signs on at 05 : 1 5) )
Rad i o Musical Pun to 14 - 30" ( 1430 kHz signs on at 06: 40)
Radio Studio (97.9 MHz signs on at 06:30)

Radio Nacional Progreso (HCEH3) is one of the esay-to-hear

Ecuadorian radio stations . They are listed on 5062 kHz (variable) as
the name of "Sistema de Emisoras Progreso" in World Radio TV
Handbook 1992. Radio Lircay, Peruvian radio station, can be heard
around this frequency, too.

As I did not have a map of the city of Loja, I asked an old

woman on the street where Radio Nacional Progreso was located. She
answered me immediately and I continued to ask locations of other
radio stations in the city . She answered me quickly and even
accurately, hi. The city was so small that all the people knew
everything. On July 20, 1989, I visited Radio Nacional Progreso,
which was situated on the main street, Av . Gran Colombia 26 - 63. I
could talk with Srta. Lucia Herrera, the daughter of Gerente/
Propietario. As the station manager did not present himself at the
station, I was only informed of the following program information.
 - 97 -

Program of Radio Nacional Progreso as of July, 1989

Monday to Saturday
04:45 APERTURA DE LA AUDICION
05:00 ALEGRE AMANECER ANDINO (musica nacional) por Flavio Ricaute
06:00 HOY, EN EL PROGRESO NACIONAL (boletin informativo)
por Jorge Paredes
07:00 LOJANOS AUSENTES (musica nacional) por Efrain Herrera G.
08:00 REMINISENCIAS (canciones del recuerdo) por Orlando Gonzale z
09 : 00 MUSICOMANIA (programa juvenil) par Orlando Gonzalez
12:00 HOY, EN EL PROGRESO NACIONAL (boletin informativo)
par Adriano Lopez
13 : 00 CARRUSEL MUSICAL (musica tropical) por Alejandro Patricio
15 : 00 ARRIBA JUVENTUD par Franco Angamarca __ -- ...
17 : 00 PROGRAMA VARIEDADES MUSICALES par Neo Cuenca / ~\ i:,11 IH •~
18:00 RESUMEN DE LAS NOTICIAS por Aldo Flavia / -,,'t> _. ---...,~oc.'i
18:30 MUSI CA ECUATORIANA par John Granda _/ ,-: l:>
20 00 IMPACTOS MUSICALES par Lucia Herrera ',3 ,' ~ -;~'l(,:E 1
~ ,
~,·1
20 30 MUSICA VARIADA par Stalin Herrera •~ ~\ )~J/1' )a
21 30 CIERRE DE LA AUDICION • -~ f / /
<0, I _ __., • ( ".
Sundays ~::'...:::._£1,ll'.""·
05:45 APERTURA DE LA AUDICION
06:00 MUSICA Y NOTICIAS
(resumen informa ti vo de
la semana)
08 : 00 DEPORTES (transm i si6n
del campeonato nac i onal
y local de futbol, pro -
n6stico depo r t i vo, e t c)
13:30 CANCIONERO DOMINICAL
(mus i ca trop i cal)
18 : 00 DEPORTES (t r ansm isi 6n
desde Guayaqu i l)
20 : 00 PROGRAMACION DE MUS I CA
VARIADA
21 : 30 CIERRE DE LA AUDICION

RADIO NACIONAL "PROGRESO"

5060 Kilociclos - Banda de 60 metros - 20.000 Wts.

GERENTE: Efrain Herrera Guerrero
ESTUDIO: Avenida Gran Colombia 101-102
Casilla Letra "V"-Telefonos: 961 - 6'7 y 961 - 568
LOJA - ECUADOR
- 98 -

C . D. S. INTERNACIONAL

RADIO ••CENTINELA DEL SlJR"

1.210 Kc . ONDA MEDIA. 4.890 Kc. ONDA CORTA

RADIO CENTINELA DEL SUR

Radio Centinela del Sur has been heard on 4889 . 7 kHz signing on
at 11: 00 UTC when the propagation condition for Andean area was
good. To receive its SW signal has not been easy here in Japan
because of the QRM from co - channel NBC Port Moresby, Papua New
Guinea. The transmission starts with a program "Despertar Musical",
in which romantic & hit music are played as well as f olklore, and
followed by "Informativo Matinal" from 11: 30 UTC, which is a news
relay program produced by "Red Informativa Nacional", associating
with 87 radio stations in Ecuador.

The studios of Radio Centi-

nela del Sur are located at Olmedo
11-56 y Mercadillo, near from the
station building of Emisora "Luz y
Vida" . On July 20, 1 989 I visited
Radio Centinela del Sur, which has
a two storied station building:
operating room, studio for live
program, 2 studios for recorded
program, etc. As usual I was
invited to be interviewed in their
program . Then they served me a cup
of coffee, instead of an interview
fee, hi.

Radio Centinela del Sur, also

identifies as "C . D.S. Inter -
nacionl", commenced operations on
November 18, 1956, as the first
radio station in the Province of
Loja . It has been also called "La
Primera en el Austro Ecuatoriano" .
The station has more than 8 edi -
torial cooperators, 8 reporters, 5
correspondents in the nearby
regions: Julio Sanchez Ramirez (in
Zapotillo), Vicente Rey (in
Macara) , Jose Gomez (in Alamor) ,
Eduardo Torres (in Celica) and
Franco Eras (in Catacocha) .

·, .j5·, ·-~~t -Ji( :-~

~~:!.~~?t~f'f,,,~~~--.,=,
ladio : Cenlinela r' del Sur
I ( [. I. s. INTERNl[IINIL)
Bolias ' de Pc.-la. ;
 -99-

Technical Information
1210 kHz (HCVCJ) 10 kW transmitter and an emergency generator,
with vertical tower antenna (60 meters high)
4890 kHz (HCVCJ) 5 kW transmitter and an emergency generator,
with dipole antenna (30 meters length)

*Installation of FM equipment was planned for the near future

operation.

Station Personnel as of July, 1989

Gerente Jose Coronel Illescas

Director Edgar Fabian Coronel Velez
Sub - Gerente y Director Deportivo : Jose Alberto Coronel Velez
Asesor Juridico Marcos Gabino Coronel Velez
Secretaria Mariana Guerrero
Locutores Servio Alfonso Morocho Ortega
Vicente Castillo Poma
Guadalupe Coronel de Mosquera
Rocio Velez de Corene, Julio Cesar Alarc6n
Fredy Abenda~o Ortega
Roosevelt Barrazueta Le6n
Oscar Lenin Barrazueta Delgado
Miguel Angel Jaramillo, Marco Antonio Romero
Stiwart Naranjo, Robert Cueva
Operador de Planta : Manuel de Jesus Quizhpe

Station Identification

"Esta es Radio Centinela del Sur. Transmi te 1210 kHz onda larga,
4890 kHz onda corta 10,000 vatios de potencia. Su estaci6n
internacional desde Leja, Ecuador en Sud America."
"Somes come a ti te gusta, nosotros tenemos el ritmo, somos C.D.S.
Internacional, siempre adelante . "
"Creando programaciones para su buen gusto, C.D.S. Internacional, la
radio . "
"Centinela del Sur, la clave del exito."
"En gran musical per Centinela del Sur, la radio colosal"

,_ __ . Estudios:
CaUe_OI,:nedo N2 11-56 y Mercadillo
\'-·':'" .. ,• ·.::::::-"Ji,;"'!'~: .
Planta.tr'asmlsora:
Km: 3112Via antlgua a La Toma,
. § f;!arrlo San )/lcente
·'""':-.

OndaMedia 1.21tJKz.
Onda Corta: 90.Kz. ':,
'4.8_

Olmedo 11 -56 Telefs. 960-211 - %1-166 y 962-270 ( ~e>ja 1 Ecu;.idQr, Sud America
Casilla de Correos N9 1% '---'---'--~--
Loja-Ecuador
-100-

PROGRAMACION
• Tribuna del Arte, Lmica programac i6n de la
DE
radio difusi 6 n lojana, encargada de la difu -
RADIO «CENTINELA DEL SUR» si6n de nuestros art istas y mUsica lojana ,
programaci6n que se realiza en directo desde
C.D.S. INTERNACIONAL el Radio -teatro-estud io de C.D.S. Interna -
cional.
LUNES A VIERNES • Los 30 sensacionalfsimos de la semana, ubi -
PROGRAMACION REGULAR caci6n de las 30 canciones m.as petic io nadas
de acuerdo al rcgistro semanal llevado en las
HORA oficinas de la emi sora .
05h~5 Sinton/a • OVACION , galardonado 2 aii os consecutivos
00h00 Desper tar musical coma " El mej or programa deportivo" par el
06h30 • INFORMATIVO MATINAL Cfrcu lo de Periodistas Oeportivos, sate al aire
08h00 lnolvidables {boleros) los d(as lunes, jueves y s3bados bajo ta con -
08h30 Alma y sentimiento de la canc i6n nacional ducci6n de perso nal especializado.
09h00 Folklor y nueva canci6n
09h45 Los hits de la historia
12h15 • INFORMATIVO MERIOIANO DOMINGO
13h 15 Colecci6n de ~xitos (instrumenta l) PROGRAMACION REGULAR

14h00 • Super Dance

HORA
16h00 • Flechazos de Cupido
05h45 Sinton(a
17h00 La Hora de la Salsa
06h00 Despertar musical
19h00 • Mu lt1 mpactos
07h00 .. Revista musical
2 1h00 Buenas noches con mllsica
11h00 • Domingo musical
23h00 Cierre de la audici6n
18h30 Los Super Hits
20h30 • Los que fueron y son . . . exitos
En el proyrama notic ioso INFORMATIVO, 22h00 • lnv itado especial
\os dias marte,. jueves y sabados, mantene- 23h00 Cierre de la audici6n
mos contacto con 87 emisoras d,, las 20 pro-
vincias de l Ecuador a trav~s de la RED IN -
FORMATIVA NACIONAL. en donde hace - AOIC ION ALMENTE : mantenemos transmisio-
mos trascendente al pais y al mundo lo m~s nes de tipo social. cultural, politico y deporti •
importante del acontecer diario de l Au stro e- vo, como Campeonato de FUtbo l y Bask et lo-
cuatoriano . cal, Copa Emprode y Copa de Campeones a
• Super Dance, ,,rogramac,on con m\Jsica para nivel nacional, los Ju egos Oeportivos Nac iona-
gente joven, con los Ultimas l!xitos en espa• les, la vuelta Automovilfs tica a la AepUbl ica y la
fiql, ingles. etc . Copa U bertadores de Aml!rica a nivel nacional
• Flechazos de Cupido, programa donde se in- e Internac iona l, todo esto con personal propio
centiva la producci6n literaria de nuestra ju • especiali zado.
ventud par media de mUsica, cartas, versos
y poemas de amor que son enviados a nues-
Revista Dominica!, programac i6n dedicada
tr os es tud ios.
• Multimpactos, todos las gustos en m\Jsica se para toda la familia, cuenta con amenidadcs .
encuen tran en esta programaci6n . consejos, noticias. comentarios y mUsica pa•
ra el justo familiar. Revista Dominica! es el
programa preferido por todos los hogares .
SABADO • Domingo mu sical, mUsica programada telef6-
PROGRAMACION REGULAR nicamente, con amenidades. concursos. no •
ticias, etc. Una tarde perfecta con Dom ingo
HORA Musical .
05h45 Sintonfa • Los que fu eron y son ... exitos, se desarro-
06h00 Despertar Musical lla con la programaci6n de las m;is grandes
06h30 • INFORMATI V O MATINAL exitos de ayer en convinaci6n con los Ult i•
08h00 lnolv idables (boleros) mos bitos de la discograf(a mundial , m;is es -
08h30 Alm a y sentimiento de la canciOn nacional cuchados .
09h00 Folklor y nueva canciOn • lnvitado especial, 60 minutes concierto, con
10h00 Carabana Deport iva sus mcis grandes exitos los m.is aclamados ar -
12h00 • INFORMATI VO MERIDIANO tistas y conjuntos del mundo musical en una
13h30 • Tr ibuna del Arte programac i6n inwperable .
15h00 • Los 30 sensacionallsimos de la semana.
19h00 • 0 V ACION
21 hOO Bu enas noches con mUsica
23h00 Cierre de la audici6n
 -101-

COMUNIDAD DE MISIONERAS SOCIALES DE LA IGLESIA

EMISORA "LUZ y VIDA"

servicio de
Al Patria la Cu!tura
Dios, la y
4.850 Kcs. LOJA-ECUADOR
1.150 Kea.
Dinamica - Noticioaa - Deportiva - Musical
ftocafuerte 11-13 y Olmedo • Tel!fooos 960-426 - 961-916 • Casilla 111 • RUC. 1190001055001

EMISORA "LUZ Y VIDA" (RADIO LUZ Y VIDA)

Emisora "Luz y Vida" (Radio Luz y Vida HCAV3) has been well
heard from late 1 970' s since its QSY from 4825 kHz to 4850 kHz.
(Actually they are on a bit above the nominal frequency because of
the technical problem.)

I visited their studios on July

20, 1989, which is located on Roca -
fuerte 11 - 43 y Olmedo. A signboard
told me the existence of the sta -
tion. It was a one story station
building (or a usual house) occupied
by studios, operating room, adminis -
tration office, etc. Hermana Ana
Maza R. , Director a, and Hermana
Margarita Jimenez, Secretaria, wel -
comed my visit. Issuing me a QSL
card "Tarjeta de Verificaci6n", I
was shown many reception report sent
to the station from abroad . I was
told that they issued station pen-
nants every year on Christmas Day
and sent them to all the registerd
listeners. So it is efficient to
send your recepti on report to this
station in Christmas season. Then I
was invited to participate in the
news program "Noticiero Panorama"
(12:00-13:15) directed by Sr. Or-
lando Romero.

Recently, I do not know from when, they

identify as Emisora "Luz y Vida", instead of
Radio Luz y Vida. As we know Emisora "Luz y
Vida" is a religious radio station, whose sta -
tion slogan is "Al servicio de Dies, la Patria y
la Cultura". However, their programs are charac-
terized by not only religious format but also
news, information, sports and music .

All the Station Personnel as of July, 1989

Gerente Sor Amada Campos D.
Directora Hermana Ana Maza Reyes
Secretaria Hermana Margarita Jimenez
Locutores/Operadores Guido Vicente Carrion, Orlando Romero
Rodrigo Chamba, Jose Eduardo Tene
Locutor Deportivo Ramiro Arevalo
Tecnico Cesar Delgado
 ,_..
0
N
I
EMISORA "LUZ y VIDA"
ij 4.850 Kea.
Al serv icio d e Dios, la Patri a y la Cu ltura
LOJA-ECUADOR POT ENCIA

w 1,150 Kea.
10.ooowrs .

DIN A MI CA - NOTICJOSA - D E POR TIVA - MUSI CAL

Rocafuert e 11-43 y Olmedo - tel~fonos 960-426 - 96 1-91 6 - 963-35 2 Casilla 221- RUC. I 190001055001

PROGRAMACION
HORA LUNES
I MARTES
I MIERCDLES
I JU EVES
I VIERNES
I SABADO DOMINGO

05h00 M u s I C A D E s I N T D N I A

05h10 IDENTIFICACIDN HIMNO NACIDNAL DEL ECUADOR UN INST ANTE PARA PENSAR

05h20 M u s I C A E C U A T 0 R I A N A
I SANTO
ROSARIO

06h41, T R A N s M I s I 0 N D E · L A s A N T A M I s A

06h26 D I A L O G 0 E C L E S I A L E L p A s T 0 R A s u P U E B L 0

06h40 M u N D I N 0 T I C I A s
MUSICA DE
06h41i !(NTONIA

(11h00 Trans. SANTA MISA

08h00 U N I N S T A N T E p A R A P E N S A R MUSICA
INSTRUMENTAL
08h05 A V I s 0 S C L A S I F I C A D 0 s
08h20 M u s I C A D E L R E C u E R D 0 ECUATORIANA

08h30
BIBLIOTECA
FAMILIAR I RARATIMUJER I HAS LEMOS
DEL CANCER I PARA Tl MUJ ER I DISCOMENT AR IOS I PRESENCIA
REFLEXION
DEL EVANGELIC

09h00 A L B U M D E 0 R 0 D E L A C A N C I O N N A C I 0 N A L I DE LOJA DOMINODS PARA

RECORDAR a>N
09h30 U N I N S T \ IN T E p A R A P E N S A R

j_
TEMASDE
09h32 D I S C 0 S H OW ENLACE ACTUALIDAD
09h32

11h46 A V
D

I
I S C D

S 0 s C
s
L
H 0

A s
I F I
w

C A D O S
I ENLACE

11""• U N I N S T A N T t P A R A p E N S A R
REPORTAJE FU180L
12h00 N O T I C I E R 0 P A N 0 R A M A
US IS
CHASOUIHUASI EN DIRECTO
13h00 COMUNICACIONES
13h15 S O B R E M E S A M U S I C A L MUSICA DE LOS
13h30 LA VOZ I R A D I 0 D E p 0 R T E S G .MAESTROS BAILABLES

14h00 DE LOJA
I 0 F E R T A y D E M A N D A DISCO
DEL DOMINGO
14h30 I N S T A N T E p A R A p E N S A R ENCUESTA

14h32 A V I S 0 s C L A S I F I C A D 0 s
14h45 E S T u D I 0 11 50

16h50 A V I S o· S C L A S I F I C A D 0 s
16h58 u N I N S T A N T E p A R A p E N S A R
CANTOR ES
17h00 B 0 L E R 0 S P A R A E L R E C U E R D 0 DE Ml TIERRA

18h00 N 0 T I C I A S N 0 T I C I A s FUT80L
18h30 M U S I C A I N S T R u M E N T A L E C ti A T 0 R I A N A
EN DIRfCTO
18h45 A ii I S 0 s C L A S I F· I C A D O S

19h00 UN IN ST A N T E p A R A P· E N SA R

ESTUDIO DE LA CAMIN'.l DE

I
LUMINARIAS
19h06 MUSICA A SU GUSTO MUSICA A SU GUSTO
B 18 LIA ESPERANZA DEL TANGO

20h00 ARMONICAS VIBRACIONES

REVIST A RADIO GACET A

20h30 A V I SO S C L A S I F I C A D O S NOVIDENTE DE LOS DE~TES

20h36 PRIMARIA A DISTANCIA EL MAESTRO EN CASA

ED UCACION
21h00 MENSAJES
21h36 AV ISO S CLASIFICADOS y M ENSAJES MUSICALES MUSICALES

22h30 UN PENSAMIENTO PARA EL ALMA - HIMNO NACIONA L DEL ECUADOR Y CIERRE DE AUDICION

""LUZ Y VIDA •• PRESENCIA DE LA RADIODIFUSION LOJANA EN ECUADOR Y EL MUNDO

.....
0
w
I
- 104 -

EMISORAS
JfSUS OIL GRAN PDDfR
VOZ CRISTIANA DEL ECUADOR

ONDA MEDIA 670 KHZ - 5.050 KHZ ONDA CORTA - FM. 102.5 MGZ.

RADIO JESUS DEL GRAN PODER

Qui to is designated as "Patrimonio Cultural de la Humanidad"

(Cultural Patrimony of the Humanity) by the United Nations _ Walking
in the southern part of the city, the historical architectures of
the colonial per i od make us feel as if we were in the 16th century _
One of the dignified churches is "Convento de San Francisco", lo-
cated in front of "Plaza San Francisco", which is the oldest church
in the South America, constructed in 1535. It has a beautiful court-
yard, which resembles well the one that I saw in "Convento de Santo
Domingo" in Lima, Peru _ Many artistic and religious works are
conserved there_

Radio Jesus del Gran Poder (HCFF1) has been heard on 5050 kHz
sign i ng on at 09:45 UTC with repetition of Interval Signals,
followed by a religious program_ I visited the studios of this rad i o
station, which is located in "Convento de San Francisco" on July 24,
1989 . At the reception of Convent I told that I wanted to visit
their radio station_ I was taken to a station office, passing

rRITER AT THE COURTYARD OF STATION STAFP AT STUDIO

·coNVENTO DE SAN FRANC/Seo·
 - 105 -

through the courtyard of the convent. The station offices and stu-
dios occupy part of the Convent . Padre Jorge Enriquez Silva, Di-
rector de la Radio, welcomed my visit. Their transmissions
on all of 670 kHz, 5050 kHz and 102.5 MHz were
active as of July, 1989. I was shown many
letters and reception reports from
abroad . Yellow painted
"Thank You Card"
and pennant are
ready for their
listeners .
Station Personnel
as of July, 1989

Director:
P. Jorge Enriquez
Funcionarios:
Oscar Navarrete,
Eduardo Enriquez
Jorge Cardenas,
Segundo Collahuazo
Norma Loaiza,
Judith Vargas

Openning Announcement
"El mensaje de paz y gloria, y
recibiendo al nuevo dia, las
campanas franciscanas anuncian que
son las 5 horas. (chime) Desde San
Francisco de Qui to, Pa trimonio Cul -
tural de la Humanidad, transmite
Radio Jesus del Gran Poder en 670 kHz
onda local, 5050 kHz onda inter-
nacional y 102.5 Frecuencia Modulada, su
programaci6n diaria de fe y amor y de
cultura, musica y noticias para el pueblo
cristiano del Ecuador. Buenos dias y
muchas felicidades, les decimos a traves
de nuestro himno nacional ."

PADRE ENRIQUEZ SILVA (RIGHT) & SECRETARY

- 106 -

EMISORAS

JfSUS Dfl GRAN POD ER

ONDA MEDIA : 670 Khz. - ONDA CORT A : 5.050 KHz. - F.M. 102.5 Mgz :

GUION DF. PROGRAMAS DE "EMISORAS JESUS DEL GRAN FODER"

HORA PROGRAMA
4:45 HORAS SINTONIA
5: 0J HORM: EL AMANECER DEL DV. DEL SE:lOR
5:30 HORAS EL SANTO ROSARIO
6 : ·JO HORAS NOTICIERO RADIAL FRANCISCANO
7:JO HORAS NUESTRA MUSICA Musicti Nc1cional
6 : 30 HORAS EL EVANGELIO e informativo rel i gioso
~: JO HORAS ALBUM INOLVIDABLE DE LA MUSI CA 1/.usica del recuerdo .
,:JJ HORAS PENTAGRAW~ DE AMERICA. Folclor lcitinoamericano
10 : 0J HORAS REVISTA RADIAL. Musica, consejos , informaciones etc .
12:JJ HORAS EL ANGELUl
12:00 HORAS DESCANlO INSTRUMENTAL
12 : JJ HORAS SUCESOS DEPORTIVOS Informac ion deportiva " Tuerca"
13 : JO HORAS SOBREMESA TROPI CAL Musica btiilable
14 : 00 HORAS RINCON PORTE;lO Tangos cantados y orquestados
14 : JJ HORAS ECUADOR SOBERANO Histori a geog r afia con musica nacional
15 : 00 HORAS MUNDO JUVENIL Musica del rnomento
17: UO HORAS NOTICIERO RADIAL FRANCISCANO
17 :JO HORAS EL MAESTRO EN CASA Educacion para adultos
18 : JO HORAS BOLEROS SOLAMENTE BOLEROS
19: JJ HORAS SENTIMIENTO EC UATORIANO Musica nacional
20 : 00 HORAS DESPEDI DA Y CIERRE DE AUDICION
TRANSMISIONES ESPECIALES

DOI.:INGOS: 8 : 00 HORAS SANTA MISA

I.:.ARTES : 7 : JO HORAS SANTA MISA
VIERNES : 9 :JO y 1 9 : 00 HORAS SANTA l!JSA

RADIO JESUS DEL GRAN PODER

LA VOZ QUE LLEGA AL CORAZON DEL PUEBLO!
ONDA MEDIA: 670 KHZ. • ONDA CORTA: 5050 KHZ.
CASILLA 133 TELFS.: 513 077 / 211 632

FRANCISCO STEREO F. M.
CON FE Y AMOR TRABAJAMOS MEJOR
102. 5 Mgz.
CASILlA 133 TELF. : 213 868
QUITO • ECUADOR
 - 107-

RADIO QUITO
The next destination of my DX tour was Quito , the capital of
Ecuador, where exist several SW radio stations . I left Loja by
"Cooperaci6n Viajeros" bus (US$ 2.10, 7 hours) for Cuenca, then I
went on by "Flota Imbabura" (US$ 3.40, 10 hours) for Quito. On July
22, 1989 at 06:30 a.m. I reached Quito .

Quito is the capital of

TEL: 510908 Province of Pichincha and of
511228 the nation. It was founded by
Sebastian de Benalcazar on
December 6, 1534 at the foot of
the volcano Pichincha ( 4 784
Jose Almeida meters) at 2818 meters above
Sub Director
sea level . It is known as "La
ciudad Luz de America" (The
city Light of America) because
EMISORA DE LA COMPANIA ANONIMA • EL COMERCIO" it was the first city in Latin
Chile 1:W7 Quito· ECUADOR America which cried for the
independence. The city is di -
vided into two aspects: the
north and the south . The northern part is a modern and new city-
scape: there exist many tall buildings, university, embassies, rich
residential area, rich radio stations like HCJB, Radio Nacional del
Ecuador. The southern part is a historic old town: the colonial
style churches like San Francisco, La Merced, Santo Domingo, San
Agustin conserve marvellous sculptures, paintings and other artistic
works of the colonial period .

It was on July
25, 1989 that I vis-
ited the studios of
Radio Quito, whose
station manager is
Dr. Xavier Almeida.
The station building
is located at Calle
Chile 1347 in the
center of old town.
Sr . Jose Almeida,
Sub-Director, showed
me over the station.
The station was
founded on August
18, 1940 . The sta-
tion scale was
large : 3 studios
(one for live pro-
gram and two for
recorded ones) , man- SR. JOSE ALMEIDA & OPERATOR AT CONTROL ROOM
ager's room, sub
manager's room, secretary's room, room of news department, room for
record disc stock, etc . As of July, 1989, 13 persons were working at
the technical department, 17 at news department and 10 at sports de-
partment. Their programs on Sundays mainly consist of sports relay.
Technical Information
Radio Quito, whose station slogan is "La Vaz de la Capital"
(Voice of the Capital) , operates on 760 kHz (HCQRl 12. 5 kW) and 4920
kHz (HCQRl 5 kW) with the national made transmitters. The generators
for emergency use are installed. Their STL channel is 225.1 MHz . The
antenna of MW is 93 meter high tower and that of SW is 27 meter high
dipole .
- 108 -

C.A. EL COMERCIO
RADIO QUITO
760 KHZ ONDA MEDIA 4. 920 KHZ ONDA CORTA

Apartado 57 Quito - Ecuador

Program of Radio Quito as of July, 1989

Monday to Fri day

05 : 00 SALUDO Y SINTONIA
05:05 AMANECER CAMPESINO Programa : Agricola, consejos, noticias,
comentarios y mUsica nacional
05:30 MICRONOTICIAS Reproducci6n
06:00 EL NOTICIERO BANCO DEL PICHINCHA Noticias nacionales
06 : 30 No ticias internacionales
06:45 Sucesos deportivos
07 : 00 La vo z de la prensa
07:07 Noticias culturales y sociales
07:15 Resumen de noticias
07:30 ECUADORADIO
08:30 PREGON DEPORTIVO
09 :3 0 NOTIRADIO MORISAENZ Noticias nacionales e internacionales
09:35 MELODIAS DEL TIEMPO Musica orquestada
10:00 EL INFORMADOR Noticias nacionales e internacionales
10 : 05 CLUB DEL HOGAR (1RA PARTE) Consejos, baladas, i nstrumentales,
folklore, tangos, boleros
10:30 NOTIRADIO MORISAENZ
10 :35 CLUB DEL HOGAR (2DA PARTE)
11 : 00 EL INFORMADOR
11 : 05 DISCOTECA DEL AIRE ( 1 RA PARTE) (viernes: CONTROVERSIA) •
Estrenos musicales
11 :3 0 NOTIRAD IO MORISAENZ
11 :35 DI SCOTECA DEL AIRE (2DA PARTE)
12 : 00 ANTENA INFORMATIVA Enlace Quito, Ambato, Esmeraldas
12 : 30 CONDOR VOCES Y OIDOS DEL DEPORTE (1RA PARTE)
13 : 00 EL INFORMADOR
13 : 05 CONDOR VOCES Y OIDOS DEL DEPORTE (2DA PARTE)
13 : 30 NOTIRADIO MORISAENZ
13 : 35 CONDOR VOCES Y OIDOS DEL DEPORTE (3RA PARTE)
14 : 00 EL INFORMADOR
14 : 05 MUSICA PARA SU ENTRETENIMIENTO (1RA PARTE) Mus i ca orquestada
14 : 30 NOTIRADIO MORISAENZ
14 :35 MUSICA PARA SU ENTRETENIMIENTO (2DA PARTE)
15 : 00 EL INFORMADOR
15 : 05 AMERICA CANTA (lRA PARTE) Musica folkl6rica latinoamericana
15:30 NOTIRADIO MORISAENZ
15:35 AMERICA CANTA (2DA PARTE)
16:00 EL INFORMADOR
16:05 ESTRELLAS DE LA CANCION (lRA PARTE) Baladas, hombres, mujeres,
conjuntos
16:30 NOTIRADIO MORISAENZ
16 : 35 ESTRELLAS DE LA CANCION (2DA PARTE)
17 : 00 EL INFORMADOR
17 : 05 FONOGRAFO DEL RECUERDO (1RA PARTE) Boleros, hombres , mujeres,
duos, trios
17 : 30 NOTIRADIO MORISAENZ
17 : 35 FONOGRAFO DEL RECUERDO (2DA PARTE)
18 : 00 EL INFORMADOR Resumen de noticias
H.C.Q.R.
TELEFONOS : 511221 - 110IOl-214111; A.,AATADON'57; CHIU N' 1M7 - FAX: 614171 QUITO • ECUADOR
 - 109-

18:30 ALMA ANDINA Musica nacional instrumental

19:00 ESQUINA DEPORTE (martes y viernes: FUTBOL
Y OPINION)
20:00 EL INFORMADOR
20:05 CANTANTES FOVORITOS (lRA PARTE) Baladas,
hombres, mujeres, duos, conjuntos
20:30 NOTIRADIO MORISAENZ
20:35 CANTANTES FAVORITOS (2DA PARTE)
~ .,
--,...
,.,, ..... ,,...
,, •

21 : 00 EL INFORMADOR
21 : 05 INVITACION AL TANGO Tangos
21 : 30 NOTIRADIO MORISAENZ
21:35 RITMOS A SU GUSTO (lRA PARTE) Musica
instrumental variada
RADIO
22:00 EL INFORMADOR
22:05 RITMOS A SU GUSTO (2DA PARTE)
22 : 30 ECUADORADIO
QUITO
23:30 MICRONOTICIAS EN LA NOCHE
24:00 CIERRE DE LA TRANSMISION
- Noticiosa
Saturday~ - Cultural
05:00 SALUDO Y SINTONIA - Deportiva
05:05 AMANECER CAMPESINO Programa dedicado al
agro - Musical
05 : 30 MICRONOTICIAS
06:00 EL NOTICIERO BANCO DEL PICHINCHA Noticias
nacionales
06 : 30 Noticias internacionales Oficinas
06 : 45 Sucesos deportivos y estudios:
07 : 00 La voz de la prensa
Calle Chile 1347
07:07 Noticias culturales y sociales
07:15 Resumen de noticias Casilla 57
07:30 ECUADORADIO Telex 2290
08:30 PREGON DEPORTIVO
09:30 MELODIAS DEL TIEMPO Musica orquestada
brillante Telefonos:
10:00 VISION SEMANAL 510908
12 : 00 CADENCIAS CONTINENTALES Musica instru-
mental latinoamericana 511228
12:30 CONDOR VOCES Y OIDOS DEL DEPORTE Programa 214189
deportivo
14:00 EL INFORMADOR
14 : 05 SALA DE CONCIERTOS Musica clasica
15:00 EL INFORMADOR
15 : 05 AMERICA CANTA Musica folkl6rica
16 : 00 ESTRELLAS DE LA CANCION Baladas, hombres,
muje r es, conjuntos
17:00 INVITACION AL TANGO Tangos
17:30 VOCES ROMANTICAS Boleros
18:00 CANCIONES DE MI TIERRA Musica nacional
cantada
19:00 PINCELADAS MUSICALES Musica instrumental
20:00 LEYENDAS Y TRADICIONES DEL ECUADOR
20:30 REPORTAJES Noticias
21 : 00 CANTANTES FOVORITOS
22:00 FESTIVAL DE MUSICA Tropical estilizada
23:00 SERENATA Musica orquestada romantica
24:00 CIERRE DE LA TRANSMISION onda local
4.920 khz .
onda nac ional
e internac ional
RETRANSMISION DEL DEPORTE
-llO-

rflfJ
~aa.
.. Ilda. lefefonos 211 54'() • 213 687 · 217 550
la errisora de las rnfil Ides. garciil mo.-eno 1315 y olmedo caSllla 2558 qulto ecuador'

RADIO TARQUI

Radio Tarqui
(HCGHl) was heard on
4977 kHz and 4981
kHz in 1984 and on
4970.9 kHz in 1986
signing on at 10: 45
UTC. The cristal of
their transmitter
seems to have trou-
bles and as of 1991
there is no recep-
tion report.

I visited Radio
Tarqui, located at
Garcia Moreno 1315 y
Almedo, in the
southern part of the
Quito city. This
station is located
near from my hotel
STATION STAFF AT OPERATING ROOM ("Hotel Viena": Flo -
res 421 y Chile, US$
1 . 20 recommended) , so
were other radio
stations like Radio
Quito, Radio Jesus del
Gran Peder, Radio Na -
cional Espejo. radiotarqui
kHz
June,
The MW frequency
was changed from 990
to 980
1989.
kHz
In
in
Qui to
cia.ltda
more than 35 radio sta -
990 Khz.onda media
tions were heard in MW 4970 KhZ. BANDA 60 mts.
band in the daytime, al -
most each 20 kHz. It
seems to me that their
QSY was to avoid the
interference fr om radio
stations operating on
the adjacent frequencies.
The SW transmission on 60
meter band has been in -
active, though I was
informed by the station
staff of it s reactivation
from December, 1989. QUITO
Station Personnel as of July, 1989 ECUADOR
Gerente Propietario Gustavo Herdoiza
Secretaria Patricia Dauila
Recepcionista Guadalupe Tinajero
 - 111-

rm
~ , Ilda ftlifonos 211540 - 213687 - 217550 - Fallel No. 580-394
la emisora de l a s ~ guci• moreno 1315 y olmedo • caiilla 2558 quilo. ecuador

PROGRAMACION REGULAR
05h15 - 05h30 MUSICA DE SIN!ONIA (Muska Ecuatoriono)

05h30 - 06h00 PROGRAMA "INGENIER1A AGRICOLA E INDUSTRIAL"

con el Ing. Luis Lombeido .

07h00 - 0 8h15 COMENTARIOS DEL MAESTRO JUANITO

con el Prof. Gustavo Herdoizo Leon.

08h15 - 08h45 TARQUIDEPORTES con Pepe Granizo.

08h45 - 09h15 "SOLO PASILLOS" con Nancy Monteros.

09h15 - 1Ch00 "HORA NUEVE" Miscelaneas con Carmen Androde.

10h15 - 12h00 MUSICA PARA LA JUVENTUD

12h00 - 13h30 TARQUIDEPORTES con Pepe Granizo.

13h30 - 14h15 REPORTARQUI (rodioperi6dico estructurodo por

periodistos profesionales).

14h15 - 14h30 MEXICO Y SU MUSICA

14M30 - 15h00 AQUI . .. COLOMBIA!!

15h00 - 17h00 MUSICA A DOMICILIO (programaci6n eslructurodo con

solicitudes telef6nicas).

11h00 - 18h00 UNA CITA CONTIGO M :SMA (boleros del recuerclo)

18h00 - 19h00 60 MINUTOS CON EL PUEBLO (can Eduardo Mosquera).

19h00 - 19h30 LA VOZ DE LOS BARRIOS con Edwin Carmona .

19h30 - 20h00 COCTELERI\ MUSICAL (diferentes ritmos).

20h00 - 21h30 LA JUVENTUD Y SU MUSICA.

21h30 - 22h15 REPORTARQUI (noticiero radiopreparada por periodistas

prafesionales) .

22h15 - 23h00 ESTE DISCO ES PARA UD.

23h00 FIN DE LAS PROGRAMACIONES.

- 112 -

EMISORAS
GRAN 610 KCLS. - 50.000 WATTS. · 4.910 KCS. ONOA CORT A
COLOMBIA
ESTUDIQS ; G1lj,pago1 112 y Guayaquil (e1Quin1) · Telh. 211 -670 · 519-170 RADIO STEREO
C•ill• Post1I 2246 Oulto-Ec~r

EHISORAS GRAN COLOMBIA

The strong signal of Emisoras Gran Colombia on 4911 kHz (HCMJl)
had been heard well signing on at 11 : 00 UTC, however, i t broadcasts
irre gularly as of 1991.

Emisoras Gran Colombia has a

white colored 3 story station
building at the corner of Gala-
pagos 112 and Guayaquil in the
southern part (old town) of the
city of Quito. Guayaquil street is
one of the main ones of this area.
I easily found the station build-
ing because a large signboard was
seen from the street. It was on
July 25, 1989 that I knocked at
the door of this station . The
station building conserves the
architectual style of the colonial
period: there is a patio at the
first floor, station offices/stu-
dios at the second floor. And an
auditorium for the presentation of
artists is available in the build -
ing. They have plans to have a new
station building, to renew the
transmitting equipment and to
increase output power. I was wel -
comed by some station staff and
was given 30th and 40th anni ver -
sary publicat i ons.

History of the Station

August 10, 1944: Emisoras Gran

Colombia was inaugurated with the
purpose of spreading education,
culture, sports, news and enter-
tainment.
October, 1973: New "Philips" transmi t ters (20 kW) were installed at
the transmitting site situated at 6 km of Panamericana Sur (Pan
American highway South) . Emisoras Gran Colombia broadcasted on 615
kHz (20 kW) , 4910 kHz ( 5 kW) and 105. 3 MHz, associating with Radio
E l Tiempo (1410 kHz) , Radio La Voz de la Democracia (1280 kHz & 6060
kHz), Radio Stereo (90 . 5 MHz) and other 30 allied radio stations
throughout the country.
1978: The inauguration of 50 kW MW transmitter was held at 11 km of
Panamericana Sur.
October, 1984: They commenced to broadcast with an output power of
10 kW on 4910 kHz on the occasion of 40th anniversary of the
station.
 - 113 -

July_<_ 1989: During my stay in Qui to, Emisoras

Gran Colombia broadcasted on 610 kHz, 1410 kHz
(this frequency is nominal l y assigned for
EMISORAS Radio El Tiempo) and 4910 kHz (i rregular).

GRAN COLOMBIA Emisoras Gran Colomb ia belongs to

R.C.N . E . (Radio Cadena Nacional Ecuatoriana)
Quito-Ecuador and C . R . E.A . (Cadena de Radiodifusi6n Euro-
Americana) . These radio networks are detailed
as follows:
Radio stations which collaborate on "Rad i o Cadena Nacional
Ecuatoriana" (R.C . N.E.)

Q~i to: Emisoras Gran Colombia, Radio El Tiempo, Radio Democracia

Guayaquil : Radio Noticia Guayaquil, Radio Noticia la Fabulosa
Tulcan: Radio Ondas Carchenses Ibarra: C.R . I . Ambato: Radio Centro
i'fio-bamba: Radio Atenas Cuenca: Radio Mercurio _!c,oja: Emisora Luz y
Vida Machala : Radio Super i or · Manabi : Canal Manabi ta, La Vaz del
Volante Az ogues: Rad i o Ingapirca, Ondas del Volante ~_£: Rad i o
Pastaza Quevedo: Ondas Quevedenas Babahoyo: Radio Guayaquil
Guranda: Radio Sur cos Esmeraldas: La Vaz de Esmeraldas Manta :
Rad i o Cen i t San Gabr i el: Radio Montufar Otavalo : Radio Turismo
Cayambe: Ecos de Cayambe Sangolgui: Radio Superior Canal 12
Machachi: Rad i o Orellana Salcedo: Radio Juventud, Rad i o Nuevos
Exitos Latacunga: Radio Novedades, Radio O. R.C . , Rad i o Nuevos
Horizontes Alau si : La Vaz de Alausi Pillaro : Radio Pillaro Banos:
La Vaz de Santuari o Santo Domingo de las Colorados: Rad i o Lub-aca n
Bah ia de Cara quez : Radio La Grande, La Voz de las Caras Pu j i.!..i..=
Radio El Sol Arenillas : Radio Cont i nental Santa Ro sa: Rad i o
Estelar Gonzanama: Radio Gonzamana Macara: La Voz de Maca ra Santa
Elena: La Voz de la Peninsula Imbabur-;;··, Rad i o Ecos de Ur cuqui
(Relay transmissions among these radio stations are done
fre quently . )

Cadena Rad i od if usora Euro - Americana (C . R.E . A.)

Assoc iati ng with 400 radio
stations in all the American
Continents, Cadena Radiodifusi6n
Euro-Americana (C.R.E.A . ) is re -
garded as a considerably large scale
radio network . This network is
serving broadcasting programs to, by
associated local radio stations, the
community of 300 mill i ons of the
public, which was est i mated to
increase to 470 millions by the end
of 1980°s.

C.R.E.A. is a result of union

and collaborat i on of Cadenas Ibero -
amer i canas de Radiodifusi6n with
Sociedad Espanola de Radiodifusi6n
(S.E.R.) and it aims to produce news
and information programs for the
audience from Mexico Ci ty to pampas
of Argent in a.

C . R .E. A . , co - operated by
Deutsche Welle (La Va z de Alemania)
and other international radio organizations, sends inf ormat i on daily
via satellite to all the associates .
-114 -

Headquarters of C.R.E . A. are s i tuated in the central off ices of

S . E.R. in Madrid, Spain . and an auxiliary office of C . R.E.A. is in
Bonn, Germany, for the coordination of news from European Community .
C.R.E.A . associates with the following radio stations for large
correspondence.
!\rgen tina : Radio Ri vadavia Brazil : Radio Capital Bali via : Radio
Panamericana Caribbean: Radio Antillas Internacional Central
America: R. P. C. de Panama Chile: Radio Miner ia Colombia: Cadena
Caracol Ecuador: Emisoras Gran Colombia Germany: Deutsche Welle
(La Vaz de Alemania) Mexico: Red R . P.M. (Radio Programas de Mexico)
per~ : Radio America Puerto Rico : Radio 1 ~ 2 in: Sociedad Espanola
de Radiodifusi6n ~~1,!_9u~y: CX - 30 La Radio Venezuela: Radio Tiempo
All of these radio stations cover their national territory.
Their connection, via satellite, permits that the programs of
C . R .E.A. be on the air by almost 400 radio stations.
(Source: 30th(1974) and 40th(1984) station anniversary publications)

EM ISO RAS
&BIi C8L8MIII
la voz deportiva de la capital
Station Personnel as of July, 1989

Gerente/Propietario Eduardo Cevallos Castaneda

Administradora Leonor Charpantier
Jefe de Noticias Freddy Bravo
Jefe de Deportes Edgar Villarruel Caviedes
Secretaria Noemi Bustamante Silva
Jefe de Tecnico Marcelo Cevallos

Program of Emisoras Gran Colomb ia as of July, 1989

06:00 HIMNO NACIONAL Y NOTICIERO RCN
06:15 CADENA CON RADIO CANAL MANABITA
06:45 EDITORIAL DE LOS PICAPIEDRA
07:00 NOTICIERO RCN BANCO DE LA PREVISORA
07 : 05 CADENA CON RADIO SUPERIOR DE MACHALA
07 : 15 CADENA CON RADIO LUZ Y VIDA DE LOJA
07 : 30 CADENA CON RADIO LINDA DE GUAYAQUIL
07:45 NOTICIAS GRABADAS DE NUESTROS REPORTEROS
07:50 CADENA CON RADIO MERCURIO DE CUENCA
08:00 NOTICIERO RCN BANCO DE LA PREVISORA
08 : 05 PERSONAJE DEL DI A CON LICENCIADO FREDDY BRAVO
08:30 NOTICIERO RCN BANCO CENTRAL
08:55 CADENA CON LA VOZ DE AMERICA DE LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS
09:00 NOTICIERO RCN BANCO DE LA PREVISORA
09:05 NOTICIAS DEPORT IVAS DE ITALIA O GRABACIONES DEPORTIVAS
09:15 DEPORTES EN EL ECUADOR Y EL MUNDO CON RENAN HINOJOSA
10:15 CADENA CON SISTEMA DE EMISORAS ATALAYA PROGRAMA DEPORTIVO
 - 115-

10 30 ALTA VELOCIDAD CON MARCELO CEVALLOS

10 45 LA VOZ DE LA FE
11 00 NOTICIERO RCN BANCO DE LA PREVISORA CON EDGAR VILLARRUEL
11 05 MELOD I AS INOLVIDABLES - BOLERO
11 30 TANGOS
12 00 NOTIMUNDO RCN EDGAR VILLARRUEL CAVIEDES
NOTICIERO RCN BANCO DE LA PREVISORA
12:15 ATALAYA DEPORTIVA CON EDGAR VILLARRUEL CAVIEDES
13:40 NOTICIERO RCN BANCO DE LA PREVISORA
14:00 REPRISE PERSONAJE DEL DIA O ENTREVISTA EN VIVO
14 : 30 RADIO ACTIVIDAD PROGRAMAS RADIO NEDERLAND - RAT - RADIO NACIONAL -
DEUSCHE WELLE, ETC .
15 : 00 NOTICIERO RCN BANCO DE LA PREVISORA
15 : 15 TARDES DE SALSA
16 : 00 NOTICIERO RCN BANCO DE LA PREVISORA
16:15 TARDES DE SALSA
16:30 EL GRAN MUSICAL
17:00 NOTIMUNDO RCN BANCO DE LA PREVISORA
17:15 EL GRAN MUSICAL
17:30 PROGRAMA PROFESOR OVERLANDER
18:00 REVISTA INFORMATIVA RCN CON MANUEL PAVON DEL POZO
18:15 CADENA CON RADIO LUZ Y VIDA
18:30 CADENA CON RADIO LINDA GUAYAQUIL
19:00 NOTICIERO RCN BANCO DE LA PREVISORA
19:05 DEPORTES RCN
19:30 REPORTERO DE EMISORAS GRAN COLOMBIA EN VIVO
19:55 NOTICIERO RCN BANCO DE LA PREVISORA
20:00 TELEVISTAZO CADENA CON ECUAVISA
20:30 RUGEN LOS MOTORES CON MANUEL PAVON DEL PAZO
21:00 NOTICIERO RCN BANCO DE LA PREVISORA
21:15 BAILABLES EMISORAS GRAN COLOMBIA
21:45 TROPICAL
22:15 MEXICANA
22:45 ROCKOLA
23 : 15 FOLKLOR
23:45 TROPICAL
24 : 15 TANGOS
24 : 45 HIMNO NACIONAL CIERRE DE PROGRAMACION

SIRVJENDO AL ARTE, LA CULTURA Y EL DEPORTE

-116 -

Radio Catolica Nacional

Fundacion Ecuatoriana Juan Pablo 11

Conferencia Episcopal Ecuatorlana

·Av. America 1830 y Mercadillo e 239736 - 541557 Apdo . 540A Telex 2427 CONFER ED Quito-Ecuador

TM 94.1 MH~
AM 880 KHz
oc r.o&& KHz:

RADIO CATOLICA NACIONAL

Radio Cat6lica Nacional (HCRPl) appeared on 5055 . 3 kHz in
August, 1984, and in October of that year it was confirmed by many
DX'ers in Japan . The signal was strong enough to cover over Faro del
Caribe (TIFC) of Costa Rica on the adjacent frequency. Radio Cat6-
lica Nacional changed its SW frequency to 5030. 0 kHz in 1989 and
this also was confirmed throughtout the world.

On July 25, 1989, I visited

Radio Cat6lica Nacional, located
at Av . America 1830 y Mercadillo,
in the northern part of the city .
The station building was a large
house built of red bricks. There
was particularly no signborad
which indicated the existence of
the radio station. I passed into
the building and knew that there
existed Radio Cat6lica Nacional.
Sr . Miguel Angel Cuenca, Departa -
mento de Fonoteca, and Sr. Marcos
Parraga, Departamento Informative,
took me around the station,
providing me with the following
information:

The station can be divided

into 4 sections: Department of
Production, Department of News,
Department of Gospel and Techni -
cal Department. 30 persons were
working as of July, 1989 in these
sections. The first f 1 oar of the
building is occupied by trans -
mitting equipment. "Harris" made
transmitters are used for opera -
tion. The second floor is used for
program production: studio A (for
recorded program), studios 8 & C, SR . MIGUEL CUENCA (LEFT) &
with modern equipment installed: SR. MARCOS PARRAGA IN FRONT
Compact Disc player, record disc OF THE STATION BUILDING
players, open cassette decks, and
all the walls of studios have sponges buried for sound proof. They
have an auditorium for special program and automobiles for an
instant report . Even cafeteria and small restaurant are in the
station building. I was told that the bishops live at the top floor.
The station building had been formerly used for "Nunciatura Apost6-
lica" (Apostolic Nunciature).
 - 117-

Radio Cat6lica Nacional has 3

frequencies: 880 kHz ( 100 kW) ,
5030 kHz (10 kW) and 94.1 MHz. The
SW frequency was changed from 5055
kHz to 5030 kHz on May 6, 1989 in
order to avoid the interference
from the foreign radio station
(Faro del Cari be, Costa Rica)
opera ting on the same frequency.
(They told me "the foreign radio
Radio station", but Radio Jesus del Gran
Poder is on 5050 kHz and Radio
catolica National Nacional Progreso is 5060 kHz,
therefore, I think those Ecua-
dorian stations were interfering,
too . And I think, however, this
new frequency also suffers from
interference because Radio Los
Andes de Huamachuco, Peru, has
been broadcasting on the same
channel with 5 kW.) Their programs
are generally recorded except news
program . Recorded tapes are
automatically played by computer
system according to the exact
operating time. This computer
system is used by HCJB, too. I
think HCJB is the richest radio
station in Ecuador, for that rea -
son they can have modern and ex-
pensive equipment. The second one
may be Radio Cat6lica Nacional .
Their FM program is independent
from MW & SW programs . But only
news program is broadcasted simultaneously on the 3 frequencies.
Radio Cat6lica Nacional provides its MW & SW programs with 5 FM
radio stations located in Tulcan, Ibarra, Santo Domingo de los
Colorados, Ambato and Guayaquil. The transmitters for this use are
also installed at the first floor of the station building.

History of the Station

Radio Cat6lica Nacional was inaugurated for the purpose of

evangelizing in Ecuador by means of mass communication. Radio
Cat6lica Nacional has the fo l lowing objects:

1.- To be instrument of Gospel . To announce the words of Lord

and transm i t the doctrine of Catholic Church.
2. - To promote v i tality of the Christ i an.
3. - To be organ of expression of the ecclesiastical life:
religious commun i t i es, apostolic movements, charitable
works, works of human promotion, etc .
4.- To foment love and social justice for the construction of
the most fraternal society.
5. - To spread the Social Education of the Church.
6. - To develop culture and proper values of Ecuador.
October 22 , 1979: Sr. Cardenal Pablo Munoz Vega presented to "Comite
Permanente del Episcopado" the following proposal: a project to
establish a Catholic radio station with a national character. The
committee judged that the moment to realize this long - waited
aspiration had come and entrusted Sr. Cardenal a responsibility for
the promotion.
-118-

Nov. 24, 1979 :

lin Germany) Sr.
Cardenal Munoz
Vega revealed to
Cardenal Joseph
Rat zinger the
project of Ecua-
dorian bishop.
The reply was a
full support and
fraternity. The Radio Cat61ica Nacional
idea was also
discussed by the Fundacion Ecuatoriana Juan Pablo 11
directors of AD - Apdo . 540A
VENIAT and MISE - Quito . Ecuador
REOR.
D~e~c~ . __1_1~, 19 7 9 :
.(in Rome~he
Ecuadorian bish - FM 94 . 1 MHz
ops presented
AM 880 KHz
themselves at OC 5030 KHz
the city of Rome
for the plenary
session, in
which three im-
portant resolutions were passed : The project of Radiodiffusion is a
labor of all the Ecuadorian Churchs. "Conferencia Episcopal
Ecuatoriana" is the founder and has ultimate responsability . To
nominate a certain "Comisi6n Episcopal" in order to take charge of
all the subjects concerning with the promotion, installation and
function of the radio. Sr . Cardenal Munoz Vega was nominated for the
President of the radio station and also President of "Comisi6n
Episcopal" and of "Conferencia Episcopal" .
December 11 , 1979: (in Va ti can) Santo Padre Juan Pablo received
with much complacency the decision of "Conferencia Episcopal
Ecuatoriana" and blessed the project.
March 6 , 1980 : "Comisi6n Episcopal" determined juridical nature of
the project. "Comite Permanente" confirmed unanimously that the
foundation would be declared by Juan Pablo D and it would be totally
taken charge of the Church .
May 16, 1980: The government by the Decree No . 189 approved the
statutes of the new foundation. "Conferencia Episcopal Ecuatoriana"
resolved to destine the building of old "Nunciatura Apost6lica"
(Apostolic Nunciature) owned by Santa Sede to "Conferencia" for the
installation of offices and studios of the new radio station. For
the acquisition and installation of equipment, FM - 10 kW, MW - 50 kW
and SW- 10 kW, they made a contract with "Harris Corporation"
(U.S . A.) for the total value of US$ 940,000.
June 1, 1981: FM transmission of Radio Cat6lica Nacional was
commenced.
July 2, 1984: Regular MW transmission was commenced
August 4 , 1984 : By the transmission of SW, Radio Cat6lica Nacional
passed over the national borders .

(Source : Station publication "Radio Cat6lica Nacional Fundaci6n

Ecuatoriana Juan Pablo D" 1985)

Station Personnel as of July, 1989

Director General P . Monsenor Antonio Arregui

Director de Programaci6n Rene Torres
Director Administrativo Pablo Vallejo Klein
Director de Informaci6n John Siguenza
Director de Evangelizaci6n Pablo Hernando Vaca
 -11 9-

Program of Radio Cat6lica Nacional as of 1989

Monday to Friday
05:15 Sena! Indicativa 13:00 Eotre Amigos
05:20 Saludo Himno Nacional 14:00 Exit os Musical es
Oraci6n Hatinal 15:00 Bolsillito Izquierdo
05:28 Runaca Sumac Allpapi Causa 15:30 Correo Juvenil
05:55 Santo de! Dia lb:30 Pagioas de Nuestra Historia
Ob:00 Reflexi6n (Lunes, Hiercoles y Viernes)
Ob:15 Panorama Informativo Relatos y Leyeodas
08:00 Sintonias (Mart es y Jueves)
08:15 Paisaje Musical Ecuatoriaoo 17:00 Nuestro Huodo
08:45 Cieocia y Tecoologia 18:00 Panorama Informativo
09:00 Temas 18:30 Vidas Ejemplares
10:00 Charlemos 19:00 Agenda Campesina
11:00 Remioisceocias 19:30 Santo Rosario y Devociones
11:45 Programa: P. Tescaroli 20:00 Iglesia sin Frooteras
Radio Vaticano 20:30 Resumeo de Noticias
12:00 El Angelus Celebraci6o de la Palabra
Panorama Deportivo 21:00 Irfeyal -Curso de oivel primario-
12:30 Panorama Ioformativo Cierre

Saturdays

05:20 Sena! Iodicativa 12:00 El Angelus

05:25 Apertura La Biblia
Oraci6o de la Haoaoa Radio Vaticaoa
05:34 Runaca Allpapi Causa 12:30 Apuntes
Ob:00 El Santo del Dia 13:00 Encuentro con la Husica
La Palabra de Dios 14:00 Canciones de Ayer
Actualidad Eclesial 14:30 Ritmos Latinoamericanos
Ob:30 La Semaoa 15:00 Comunidades en Harcha
07:30 Apuotes 15:30 Orquestas Famosas
08:00 Siotooias lb:00 La Hora del Jazz
Novedades Musicales 17:00 Cantos a la Patria Grande
08:30 Relatos 17:30 Iglesia sin Frooteras
09:00 Enlace: Cadena ARCE 18:00 Santuarios Hariaoos
10:00 Casilla Postal Los Padres de la Iglesia
Del Cercado Ajeoo 18:30 Coocierto de! sabado
10:30 Consultorio Juridico 19:30 Celebraci6n de la Palabra de Dios
11:00 Has Cerca de Usted Oraci6n de la Noche
11:30 Husica Ligera 20:00 Cierre

Suod'!_ys_

Ob:55 Sena! Indicativa 11: 15 Aqui Argentina

07:00 Apertura 11 :45 Evangelia Domioical
Ora ci6o de la Haoaoa 12:00 El Angelus
Canci6n Hensaje La Biblia
La Palabra de Dios 12: 15 Fantasia Instrumental
Actualidad Eclesial 12:30 Concierto de Jerusalem
07:30 Un Heosaje de Optimismo 14:00 Hi I Razooes Porque Vivir
08:00 Reportaje USIS 15:00 Revista Musical
08:30 Don Quijote lb:00 Ritmos Latinoamericaoos
09:00 De Persona a Persona 17:30 Iglesia sin Fronteras
09:45 Casilla Postal 18:30 Santa Hisa Dominica!
10:00 Hoy es Domingo Husica Ecuatoriaoa
11:00 La Vo z del Papa Hisa en Quichua
Caoci6n Hensaje Oraci6n Final
Informaci6o de Eventos Eclesiales 20:00 Cierre
Eotre vis ta a Prelados
-120-

RADIO NACIONAL DEL ECUADOR

Radio Nacional del Ecuador, Quito, was heard on 15270 kHz
relayed by HCJB ("La Vaz de las Andes") 's 100 kW transmitter in 1986
(22: 00 - 22: 15 UTC) . Mr. Richard McVicar reports that Radio Nacional
del Ecuador was relayed on 15295 kHz via HCJB as of October, 1991
(17:30 - 18:00 UTC), but it seems to have been discontinued.

Radio Nacional del Ecuador has 3 allied radio stations in

Quito, Guayaquil and Loja. I visited all of them on the DX trip
(Radio Nacional del Ecuador filial Loja on July 20, 1989, Qui to on
July 26 and Guayaquil on August 3) . Each station produces its own
programs and no relay programs among these stations are broadcasted.

Radio Nacional del Ecuador-Quito 640 kHz (HCXYl) 50 kW

Radio Nacional del Ecuador-Guayaquil 600 kHz (HCXY2) 50 kW
Radio Nacional del Ecuador-Loja 620 kHz (HCXY3) 50 kW

History of the Station

Radio Nacional, the Ecuadorian state - owned radio station, can
be divided into two: "Estaci6n H.C . K. de Gobierno" of 1930's, and
the actual "Radio Nacional del Ecuador".

The purpose of the government in respect of radio has been to

maintain a medium of communication directly with the public and to
diffuse to the exterior the artistic manifestation and cultures of
their country.
The official inauguration of H.C.K. de Gobierno was realized
with the installation of equipment, with the assistance of Dr.And -
res F. Cordova, En -
cargado del Poder,
and the backed up
authority of the
government. The stu -
dios were situated
in the building of
Ministerio de Obras
Publicas y Comuni -
caciones, at the
corner of Chile
street and Benal-
cazar. The first
transmission ran
with an output power
of 500 W. (I do not
know when this sta -
tion was abolished.)

Radio Nacional
del Ecuador started
in 1960. In this
year Ecuador was ST AT ION STAFF Of'
preparing for "XI RADIO NACIONAL DEL ECUADOR- WJA
 - 121-

Conferencia Interamericana". The General Secretary of the Conference

required installation of a new radio station in order to make it
known to the public of the South American continent as well as of
the country . ERTTE (Empresa de Radio y Telegrafos y Telefonos del
Ecuador) , which was later transformed into actual Direccion General
de Frecuencias, authorized the birth of Radiodifusora Nacional del
Ecuador.

The studios were at first located at Palacio Legislativo, then

at the building of Camara de Comercio, later in Foch street, at
Hotel Humboldt, at the building of SENDIP, and finally the actual 3
storied station building is at Mariano Echeverria 537 and Av.
Brasil . The transmitting site was at a small - hill of "Luluncoto" .
They commenced to broadcast on 640 kHz (10 kW) and 4960 kHz (10 kW).
Ing . Al Horvath was in charge of technical department, and the
installation of all the equipment cost totally US$ 70,500 . The
station staff were completely Ecuadorian people, except in case
foreign engineer was needed for technical problem . This new radio
station was totally financed by exchequer, so it was called Radio
Nacional del Ecuador . Therefore, Radio Nacional Espejo, Quito, was
forced to call simply Radio Espejo. (I do not know if they once
obeyed this request, however, as we know, they openly identify
themselves as "Radio Nacional Espejo" nowadays.)

The first station director was don Gonzalo Almeida Urrutia, who
had been a director of Department of Public Relations of "XI Con-
ferencia Interamericana". He produced some famous radio novels like
"Amazonas, el gran rio ecuatoriano" based on Los Argonautas de la
Selva de Benitez Vinueza, and "La sombra que pasa" of Hazthel Spens
in early 1960's.

In 1961, Radio Nacional del Ecuador already had a station

slogan as "Vaz ecuatoriana desde el techo del mundo" (Ecu a dor i an
voice from top of the world) . In this year, the government of
Velasco Ibarra collapsed and the radio station was also damaged .

With the change of government in 1963, Military Council had

many administrators in the radio station, directors like Alfonso
Laso Bermeo (1962), Carlos Enrique Carrion (1965), Rene Granda
(1966), Pedro Velasco Espinosa (1968), Guillermo Jacome (1970),
Humberto Perez E . , Pedro Jarrin and Victor E. Sanchez (1977 - 1979),
Carlos Espinosa de las Monteros, Gonzalo Guerrero, Eduardo Zurita
Gil, and currently Nelson Villagomez Estrella.

In 1970, the President, Velasco Ibarra, who once retired but

was reinstated, authorized the radio station to have an output power
of 3 kW for SW and to broadcast on FM with 50 W.

In August, 1975, the allied radio stations in Guayaquil and

Loja were inaugurated. (According to station staff in Loja, the
station was inaugurated in 1978.) Gilberto Mantilla and Carlos
Aguirre Asanza directed these new radio stations.

Station Personnel of Radio Nacional del Ecuador

Qui to: (as of 1986)

Director de Sistema Nelson Villagomez Estrella
Guayaquil: (as of 1986)
Subdirector Luis Castellanos Jimenez
Loia : (as of July, 1989)
Subdirector : Edgar Canelos Suarez

(Source: 25th station anniversary publication "Radio Revista" 1986)

-122-

PROGRAMA CION GENERAL

~diodifusora Nacional
del Ecuador
HORA LUNES MARTES MIERCOLES I JUEVES I VIERNES SABADO DOMINGO

04h55 MUSICA DE SINTONIA

05h00 IDENTIFlCACION • SALUDO MATIN AL · HIMNO NACIONAL
05h05 PARA LA GENTE DEL CAMPO
05h30 DESARROLLO AGROPECUARIO
06h00 SINTONIA
f--

06h05 I IDENnFICACION
Saludo Matinal

~
Himno Nacional
REVISTA INFORMATIVA - EN LA NOTICIA · PRIMERA EMISION

-~ ENLACE CON GUAYAQUIL Y LOJA

SINTONIA
07h05 Identiflcaci6n
EN LA NOTICIA S.Iudo Matinal
Primera Emialon Him.no Nacional
OThlO INFORMATIVO

08h00 VENT ANA AL MUNDO Musicadel

Emili.one, noticiot-&11 de lu prindpilu radios internaclonllu. Eoadorpua
Amlrica andina.
08h30 MINIATURAS CLASICAS INNOVACION La mujer en el &no
2.000
08h45 QUINCE MINUTOS CON .. .
09h00 MICRONOTICIAS
09h05 AGENDA CULTURAL REVISTA
09h15 NOTICIAS SOBRE CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGIA DOMINICAL
09h35 MUSICA UGERA Por lot camino1 de
Colombia
10h00 MICRONOTICIAS
10h05 ECUADOR EN MARCHA TRIBUNA DE LA MUJER

10h35 Panoram.a Se.mblanzu Panorama Sembluuu Panorama CopW y m\ldca del Ecuador
de la mUlica latinoam.eri- delamUlica latinoameri- de la mUdca
ecuatorianL canu. ecuatoriana. canu. ecuatoriana.

11h00 MICRONOTICIAS
11h05 TALLER DE COMUNICACION RADIOFONICA Resumen del Taller de MUSICA
DESDE EL ESTUDIO "A".· Entrevutu, reportaje1, di.alogo1, etc., 1obre el comunicaci6n Latinoamericana
~
acontecer hi,t6rico cultural de nuertlo pai1; y, proyecci6n de la mUsica
11h30 ecuatoriana. PARA USTEDES
LOS NINOS

12h00 MJCRONOTICIAS MUSICA

12h05 MEDIODIA EQUINOCCIAL INSTRUMENTAL
ECUATORIANA

12h30 lNFORMATIVO DEL MEDIODIA • EN LA NOTICIA - 2da. EMlSION

13h00 CONCIERTO DEL MEDIODIA

CONCIERTO
-
13h30 DE NUESTRO AROilVO
. ---·
__ _ _____ _J DOMINICAL
 -123-

14h00 ENCUENTRO CON LA CULTURA

t---
14h30
15h00 RE!;UMEN
t---
15h05 MUSlCA INSTRUMENTAL ECt.1ATORIANA Loi pueblo, h.cen SEMANAL
la historia . DE
NOTICIAS
15h30 MICRONOTICIAS

15h35 LOS PUEBLOS HACEN LA HISTORIA MUdca lrutrument&J

~tartan.a

16h00 MICRONOTICIAS IDENTIFICACION

16h05 IRFEYAL HORJZONTES
Program.a d•I Ministerlo

-
~
16h35
de Educac:i6n.
MJCRONOTICIAS
VentanadeE,p&Aa Mwica LigetL

17h00 MICRONOTICIAS
17h05 PARA l/STEDES LOS NliitOS Ml/SICALIZANDO

17h30 MICRON011CIAS
17h35 VARIACIONES MUSICALES MUlica Ligera.
18h00 INFORMA11VO NACIONAL • EN LA NOTICIA • TERCERA EMISION MUSICA
ECUATORIANA
-18h30 Mi.idea Ugera ROMAN11CO
de E,p&ila LA11NO

19h00 MICRONOTICIAS
19h05 EL PENSAMIENTO DE BO LIV AR De nuestro
Archivo
19h35 SOAADORES DE AMERICA La musica que
trae el ayer.

20h00 MICRONOTICIAS
20h05 EL PENSAMIENTO NACIONAL MUSICA
ECUATORIANA CONCIERTO
20h30 MICRON011CIAS DOMINICAL
20h35 MU.Ilea de Al pl• de1 Yuqoalavta Artlen E,p&aa m La m\llica que
E,pw. Big-Ben· Londru- aa Folclor. trM el ayer.

Fac:,1tu. Ciilncia al dia.

21h00 ECUADOR EN MARCHA HUNGRIA CIERRE DE LA

AUDICION
21h30 Lamwica
trM el &flit.
Coplal y
mu,lca del
Ec.uador.
La mw:lca que
tru el aytr.
Coplu y
mw:i.cadel
Ea.\l.dor.
,-el
Lamuskaqu,
ayer.
SERENATA
ANDINA

22h00 INFORMATIVO - EN LA NOTICIA · 4ta. EMISION CIERRE DE LA

AUDICION
22h30 MUSICA ROMANTICA

23h00 MICRONOTICIAS

23h05 MUSICA NACIONAL

23h30 CIERRE DE LA AUDIClON

•
PRESIDENCIA DE LA REPUBLICA
SECRETARIA NACIONAL DE COMUNICACION SOCIAL
El Ecuador ha sldo, es
y seri Pais Amal.Ooico
-124-

1/ .
ZCR.a»W!fl;tus•ras "Jla Cf).,, ».
4 .900 l:lr.j. Bcu-t.ila J1-de11,nadonaL de 60 mel't<Jd.
daquisd;"
tn t1J.ammUi6rt ~imuLta.nea OOl't Rach() "~dnrtaJar''
ONDA LARGA 1.230 KHz. - AFILIADA AL CIRCUITO A.E.R. - A.I.R. Y LA VOZ DE AMERICA DE EE. UU.
DIRECCION: CARRERA 24 DE MAYO - FRENTE A LA PLAZA 18 DE OCTUBRE - TERCER PISO
SAQUISILI - COTOPAXI • ECUADOR

RADIO LA VOZ DE SAQUISILI

Saquisili is a small town
located near La tacunga, the
capital of Province of Cotopaxi .
It is some 2 hours' ride in bus
from Qui to toward sou th. For
tourists Saquisili is famous for
its Thursdays open - air folklore
market as well as Otavalo. On the
other hand, for Latin American
DX' ers it is famous for the
1 oca tion of an Ecuadorian SW' er,
Radio La Voz de Saquisili y
Libertador (HCVS6 4900 kHz) .

I came to this town on July

27, 1989. Sitting on the bench in
the main square, I took out my
portable radio receiver from my
knapsack and started to survey the
activities of local rad i o stations
in Saquisili. Just 2 stations were
heard: Radio La Voz de Saquisili
(1235 kHz & 4900 kHz) and Radio
Ecos del Pueblo (1065 kHz). The SW
transmission of Radio La Voz de
Saquisili (4900 kHz) was active
but the signal was very weak even
in Quito. I take no reception
reports of it in DX bulletins for
years for granted . (As of Feb -
ruary, 1992, some DX' ers in USA
report its reception.) They need
to readjust their 50 - year - old
transmitter or it may be better to SRTA. CARMEN MENA C. & ANNOONCER
purchase a new one .

Radio La Voz de Saquisili is

~ / EMISORAS
located on the second floor of a
dirty building in front of "Plaza
'\.._ / LA VOZ DE SAQUISILI Y L\BERT~.DOR 18 de Octubre" . There were only a
dos frecuencias , a.l s e rvicio de studio combining operating room
todo el Ecuad o r and a small administration office.
At the studio only necessities for
P-io{ /l1dWJ,~ Mena dielJMJJ.a broadcasting were equipped: 2 disc
players, a console mixer, 2 radio
OSBSNTE • PROPJE'l'ABIO
cassette receivers, and a micro-
Dtrecd6ni Calle 2, de M.oyo • frante a la plaza 18 de phone. Srta. Carmen Mena Corrales,
Oct 11br• .. tercor pbo • letf, 135
daughter of the Gerente, and a
SAOUISILI - ECUADOR male announcer welcomed my visit,
 -125-

serving me a bottle
of Coca Cola. I was
shown some letters
sent from abroad, in
which I found recep-
t i on reports with
photos of 2 fam ous
RNM'ers: Mr. Aoi and
Mr. I noue .

Srta. Carmen
Mena C. told me
about the station as
foll ows : Radio La
Voz de Saquisili was
f ounded in February,
1964 to diffuse cul-
ture, sports and
commerce. Their sta-
tion anniversary has
been celebrated to-
ANNOUNCER/OPERATOR AT STUDIO gether with the
religious holiday
"Canton" (Festivity of Santisima Virgen del Quinche). The trans-
mitters were fabricated by Ing . Haljar Borth some 50 years ago. They
broadcast from 05:30 to 21:00 simultaneously on both MW and SW.

Station Personnel as of July, 1989

Gerente/Propietario Vicente Arturo Mena Herrera

Director de Programas Byron Mena Corrales
Locutores (as) Edwin Mena C., Carmen Mena C .
Marcelo Nunez, Vicky Mena C.

RADIODIFUSORAS
"La Voz de Saquisili y Libertador"
PRIMERA POTENCIA RADIAL DE COTOPAXI
Enclavadaa en el corazOn de la Patria, cubriendo todo el Ecuador y el mundo entero
PresenLBm os el agradecimiento m~s sincero a Ud. por su honrosa y genii/
colaboracion en el deporie en el XXV ANIVERSARIO cle lrucLlfera labor en sus
BODAS DE PLATA .
-126 -

RAD I 0 BAHA'I DEL ECUADOR

"la Emi1ora de la Familia"
Fucuencias : 1420 kHz MW T eltlono 920-245
4990 kHz SW 60 mta. Apartado 14
EatacionH: H C RN 1 OTAVALO · IMBABURA - l!CUADOR
HCRN - 2

RADIO BAHA'I DEL ECUADOR

Otavalo is located to the north of Quito, at 2500 meters above

sea level. Otavalo is a small town but very famous for its folklore
open-air market. All the streets of the town turns into market on
every Saturday. It is well-known that people in Otavalo are superior
in commerce. People in Otavalo braid their long hair, so from the
back you can not tell their sex. Women have golden accessory around
their neck. They always impress their deep friendliness to the
visitors.
Radio Baha'i was heard on 4990 . 1 kHz signing off at 05:00 UTC
at DXpedi tion in Miyake, Japan in 1985. The signal was so weak
enough to be regarded as one of the rarely heard radio stations.

I visited this
beautiful town lo-
cated in the valleys
of the Andes Moun-
tains, riding "Co-
operativa Otavalo"
bus (US$ 0. 80) from
Quito in some 3
hours . On July 28,
1989, I switched my
radio receiver at a
cheap hotel "El In-
dio": 2 radio sta -
tions in Otavalo,
Radio Baha'i (1420
kHz & 4950 kHz signs
on: 07:00) and Radio
Otavalo (1500 kHz
signs on: 07: 00)
were active . No FM
SRA_ NOOSHIN BURWELL (THE SECOND FROII THE stations existed.
RIGHT) & STATION STAFF AT STUDIO Some radio stations
broadcasting from nearby villages were also
..........,,
. . . . . . ,·~\ ®r 4·······
heard as well as local ones, e.g . Super Radio of ,
San Pablo del Lago (820 kHz) , Radio Punto of
Ibarra ( 1130 kHz) , Radio Popular of Atuntaqui
(1290 kHz).
--~~ ••• ••••• •• If_;,;
.. ~~ •• vjj'. ••-..
.l~ ..•· ··.. ~. s
:~ :' ... @:
Radio Baha'i has a white colored one-story :@§: ====== : _:
station building. There is a large station ~ 0 : La Voz def Altiplano l O-~
signboard just above the entrance. On July 28 . a· ..
and 29, 1989, I visited their studios to obtain °- .,,.,.... /Cl::f
station
Gerente,
information.
and Srta.
Sra. Nooshin
Margarita M.
Burwell,
Santa Cruz
·. _•·.•.-?/·· ..•·~<::::,/
',</;"·• ....... •"'()~ ••-··
Osorio, Secretaria/Contadora talked with me < 0 - t.\i ••'
·•.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,••'
about the station as follows :

Radio Baha'i conducted the first trans -

mission on October 12, 1977 at 11:15 a.m . , but
 -127-

from March 12, 1970 until this date

the people of the religion Baha' 1,
which was founded in Persia in 19th
century, had been broadcasting pro -
grams via Radio Turismo of Cayambe.
The purpose of foundation was to
serve aborigines in Otavalo and its
vicinity w.i th culture, education and
religion. Sra. Nooshin Burwell is
the actual station manager. They
broadcast on 1420 kHz ("Collins"
transmitter 3 kW) and 4950 kHz ( "CCA"
transmitter 1 kW) . FM transmission
license was requested as of July,
1989. As we know they used to broad-
cast on 4990 kHz, but to avoid the
interference from Radio Ancash
(Huaraz, Peru) they changed their
frequency to actual 4950 kHz on July
14, 1989. Braodcasting schedule is
from 04:00 to 19:00 on MW, and from
07:00 to 10 : 00 & from 19:00 to 21 :00
£Ml SORA de la
on SW .
I=
A
M
RDIDDODDi I
O li f••>:H :tu ,1l!i!I
,.;: ,111:ti.\ <H: •II
:,trr~TI 11:::111 :t tllltllll
:, (I<( IIH,
--

L
I
A

SlllA. IIARGARITA SANTA CRUZ

clTHE JfRITER IN FRONT
OF THE STATION

Station Personnel as of July, 1989

Gerente Nooshin Burwell

Secretaria/Contadora Margarita M. Santa Cruz Osorio
Productores (Castellano) Marcelo Quinteros
Marcelo Campos
Productores (Quichua) Ramiro Perugachi
Segundo Funtes
Jose Cotacachi
Luis Conejo
 -128-
Radio Amancer Internacional
Radio Amanecer Internacional
is operating on 6025kHz exclusive-
ly for overseas listeners . The
reception is widely reported in
JUAN SANCHEZ RAMIREZ No. 40 ■ TEL. 689-2101
APART ADO 1500 ■ SANTO DOMINGO, R.O
DX bulletins by DX'ers mainly
living in U.S.A. and Europe.
I visited Radio Amanecer Internacional on February 20 and March 10,
1992 . The station is located on Juan S . Ramirez street at the corner of
Av. Maximi Gomez, in front of the Haitian Embassy. The studios are located
in a white and brown colored building of Asociacion Central Dominicana.
They have only a master studio, a recording room and an administration
office. The master studio is equipped with a "Technics" console mixer,
two "Technics disc players, one "AMPEX" open-reel tape deck, and radio-cas-
settes of "Sony'' and "Technics''. Record discs and cassette tapes for ads
and identifications are also arranged in the small studio.

Sra. Ramona de Subervi (Directora) and her daughter Srta . Rosa Alcan-
tara (Secretaria) provided me with the following information:
Radio Amanecer Internacional belongs to
"Red de Emisoras Adventista", with which
Radio Paraiso and Radio WZOL (Puero Rico),
Radio Union (Guatemala), Radio Lira Inter-
nacional (Costa Rica), etc. are also affil-
iated . Radio Amanecer internacional was
founded on November 22, 1982 by Sr. Pastor
Felix Tavarez, President of the station.
Actual director, Sra. Ramona de Subervi
firstly joined to the station as a secreta-
ry . The station started to broadcast on
1570kHz with lkW. In May 1983, they in-
creased power to 5kW (the transmitter
was made by Ing. Socrates Dominguez) .
With this equipment , they received recep-
tion reports from Puerto Rico, Norway,
Spain, Argentina, Venezuela, New Zealand,
etc . On August 22, 1987 at 14:00, they
commenced short wave service on 6025kHz
with lkW . The first reception report came
from Mr . Jose Mauricio Rangel Neira of
Cucuta (Colombia) ; the second from Mr. Sra. Ramona de Subervi (left) and
Donald Jensen of Kenosha (USA); and the Srta. Rosa Alcantara (right)
third from Mr . David Potter of St . Peters-
burg (USA). Nowadays they receive much
more r e ception reports than before: approximately 20 letters from overseas
a month . All reports sent from listeners are filed by country . I found
many letters from famous DX'ers around the world like Mr.Robert L. Wilkner
(USA), Mr.Giuseppe Zella (Italy), Mr.Daniel Camporini (Argentina). Mr.
Tadashi Takahashi was the only reporter from Japan.

Radio Amanecer Internacional is using a 110 meter high tower antenna

for MW and an 11.8 meter long vertical type antenna for SW. The transmitters
are located at Villa Mella , 22km north of Santo Domingo. During my stay
in San Juan, Puerto Rico, the short wave service of Radio Amanecer Inter-
nacional was received so so , but in Santo Domingo, the signal was not so
good as in Puerto Rico. I asked the reason: they answered me that the SW
service on 6025kHz aims at overseas listeners, and technically arranged
for reception in near-by countries .

EMISORA DE LA ASOCIACION CENTRAL DOMINICANA

 - 129 -
The broadcasting schedule
is from 06: 00 to 00: 00. They
have special programs for
24 hours a day in Semana
Santa, Christmas and New
Year's Day. Most popular
programs are: a religious
program "Recordando a Braulio
PArez Marcio" (10:30-11:00).
and a telephone inquiries
from listeners "Teletarea"
(15:00 - 16:00). They have
an English program at 23: 00-
00: 00. Programs mainly focus
on education. religion and
culture. t -•-_
---.ea........"="""~ - -
Buildlng of Asociaci6n Central Dominicana
Reception reports are welcomed in which Radio Amanecer is located
and will be answered by Srta.
Rosa Alcantara, Secretary.

All the Station Personnel as of March 1992

r-
Directora Ramona de Subervi i
Secretaria
Administrador
Ingeniero TAcnico
Rosa Alcantara
Jose Manzanillo
S6crates Dominguez
I Q
i "
Encargado de Planta Roque Juma
TAcnico de Grabaci6n / Locutor
Locutor(a)
Cesar Dominguez
Omar Medina
Roberto Garcia
\~llltt.
l lnRem.ero de R.1dm
- Am.11n e-
Juan Francisco Scroggins \ ce, , SOcr.it es Dominj!;uel .

Juan Francisco Vargas

Station Identification

"From Santo Domingo, in the center of Caribbean, this is Rad i o Amancer

Internacional, 1570kHz medium wave and 6025kHz short wave in th e interna-
tional 49 meters band. In our transmissions we bring to you all a love.
unity and hope message in Jesus Christ.''
"Desde Santo Domingo,
ciudad primada de America.
transmi te Radio Amanecer
Internacional. con su ex-
clusivo sonido brillante(?)
1570kc onda media y 6025kc
onda corta banda interna-
cional de 49 metros, con un
mensaje de amor, unidad y
esperanza en Cristo Jesus .
Radio Amanecer Internacio-
nal, la emisora distinta de
Republica Dominicana. Per
tenecemos a la Red Mundial
de Emisoras Adventistas."

' · 1 _)

Arrangement and typewriting Master Studio of Radio Amanecer

by Tetsuya Hirahara.
 -130-
Radio Clarin

DIFUSORA HEMISFERIO, S.A.

AVE NI OA M E)(ICO - PROLONGACION
SA N TO DOMINGO, R . 0 .

Modern Dominican hi story b e gan in 14 92 with the arrival

CLARIN of Colombus. Spain, the first great co lonial powe r i n the Amer-
icas, established the capital of Santo Domingo as its headquar-
ters in the New World. This year, 199 2, the Dominican Republic
ce lebrates the 500 year of the encounter of the two world.
0
HILR
860 KHZ A. M. Radio Clarin had bee n heard on 11700kHz in winter season
11700 KHZ SANDA 25 M from 09: 00 to 02 : 00 UTC via long path propagation until late
4850 KH Z BANDA 60 M
105.5 MH Z F. M. 1980's in Japan. As of April 1992, their reactivation on 9950
kH z is reported in U.S .A.
TELEF O N OS :
Central 565 -7676
565-4515 The studios of Radio Clarin are located on Jose Andres
5 67-6157
567-6882 Aybar Castellanos (Prolongaci6n Av . Mexico) a t the corner of
Clarin street. It is some 20 minute ride in a local bus or
Cab lna 565-4355
565 -4356 shared taxi from downtown. You can find the station building
near the bus stop at the corner of Av. Tiradentes and Av. 27 de
Febrero along which the re are a lot of radio stations.

Radio Clarin has a two storied building painted pink. Th ere is an an-
tenna tower for STL on the roof. There are few stations which have signboard
outside , as is the case with Radio Clarin . It was on February 17 and March
10, 1992 that I visited the station. At the first floor, there are an STL
transmitter as well as generators, as the electricity stoppage frequently
occurs in Santo Domingo. On the mezzanine. they have an administration of-
fice, a meet ing room and a kitchen for a light mea l . Three studios ( master /
recording /s hort wave program - this is not used now ) occupy the third floor.
The master studio is equipped with a ''Rockwell" mi xer , two disc players,
an open-reel tape deck, a "Sharp" radio-cassette, etc. On the wall of the
studio. there are reception reports and photos sent from overseas DX' ers.
among which I found a photo of an RNM' er Aoi.

Sr. Manny Mendez and Ing. Danny Martinez told me a story on the station
while producing their morning program. Radio Clar in is owned by "Difusora
Hemisferio S.A." of Sr. Manuel Ma. Pimentel. They have a staff of 27. in-
cluding five announcers. As Radio Mil (HIBE 1180kHz) is owned by the same
person , a news program of Radio Mil is relayed at 06:00-08:30, 12 : 00-13:45
and 17 3 0-1900. The most
popular program among
listeners is a morning
variety program "El Espe-
cial de la Manana".

PROPIIEDA8
DE
RADIO CLARIN
Santo Domingo, D. N,

Sr. Manny Mendez (left) in

the Studio of Radio Ctar,n
L
 -131-
As to the short wave transmission, Radio Clarin had been operating
on 4850kHz and 11700kHz. The latter channel changed to 9950kHz in 1990
but soon became irregular, and finally suspended transmission in late 1991.
The reason is the rise of electricity tariff and technical trouble resulting
from frequent stoppage of electricity supply. They are now operating on
MW (860kHz lOkW) and FM (105. 5MHz 3kW). During my visit, they had no plan
to resume the SW service, but their reactivation on 9950kHz is reported
in USA in Apri 1 1992. MW transmitter is manufactured by "Haras Nacionales".
located at Hacienda Estrella in Mella district. FM transmitter is a "Will-
kinson" and is located at Alto Bandera in Constanza. Official broadcasting
time is from 05:00 to 01:00, but the schedule is always extended for one
hour. i.e. until 02:00. They usually have 24 hour special programs on
Christmas and New Year's day. It is quite probable that they will have
special programs for the • 500th anniversary" in October 1992. Reception
reports are verified by a QSL card.

Station Personnel as of March 1992

RADIO CLARIN
I
Presidente Manuel Ma. Pimentel
Administradora Maria Elena Jacobo "LA QUE NO SE PIERDE EN EL CAMINO"
Director Wilfredo Muf'l6z
Director Tecnico Martin Du-Breil 565-4-355_CABINA
Amable Matos Pef'la 565-7676
Secretaria Carmen Rosa CLARIN 565-4-515
Locutor Alejandro Lemos 567-6157
Manny Mendez
Francisco Mendez 567-6882
Cesar Lara 50.000 VATIOS
A.M. LA MAS POTENTE
F.M.
Francis Ruiz 860 105.5
Jose Andrea Aybar CHtell ■ no1
(Antigua Prol . M•xtco) , Esq. Clarln, Santo Domingo

Station Identification

"Esta es Radio Clarin, la emisora internacional de la RepQblica Dominicana."

"Radio Clarin, simbolo de la personalidad rajial."

"Desde Santo Domingo, cubriendo todo el pals, Radio Clarin, 860 AM, 105. 5
FM, la mas potente."

Program of Radio Clarin as of March 1992

05:00 Sef'lal Apertura / Alborada

06:00 Radio Mil Informando Alejandro Lemos
08:30 Dialogo con el Arte Manny Mendez
09 : 00 El Especial de la Maf'lana Manny Mendez
12:00 Radio Mil Informando Alejandro Lemos
13:45 Tus Voces Favoritas Alejandro Lemos
14:00 El . .. de Hoy Francisco Mendez
14:30 El Super Atractivo de la Tarde Francisco Mendez
16:30 Deportes Francisco Mendez
17:30 Radio Mil Informando Cesar Lara
19: 00 Las Buenas Noches de Radio Clarin Cesar Lara/ Francis Ruiz
01:00 Cierre

Sundays
0~:58 Sef'lal Apertura
06:00 Feliciano - Tito - Javier Solis - Lucho Gatica
08:00 Las Vivencias Musicales de Radio Clarin
22:58 Cierre

Arrangement and typewriting by Tetsuya Hirahara.

- 132 -

/Heure Local G. M. T. -4h.

/Langue Pr. Espanol / Spanish / Espagnol
/Courant Electr. A. C. 60 c
/Nomme d/1 Cie. DIFUSORA HEMISFERIO, S. A.
Radio Clarin
/Adresse Pro!. Ave. Mexico esq . Clarin
Aptdo. Postal 205-2, Santo Domingo, D. N.
RepublicaDominicana /J,, L ,._,, 11 p,,.;6 ,.,,-cc..
/Pers. Dir. Pres. l!ialoMen ~anz M ); 1,<.1,5 . _ .
Adm. NoitNivar Baez..1.,<. HA£ 111 c.L£,-;A ~,/'?c..oBc
Sub-Adm. Lie Eliseo ~latlffliel _ ri u/JD z.
Dir. Rgdgl£e t,. Espinal w I L f"l'-c be
Dir. Tee. :aafael BaUemlla f-1/.JC r,.., t:>u- l3t?EI L _
HILR 7A1-1A8U: ,..,,,,~s pc,v"'
/Prefixe
/Frequences 860 KHz A. M. 10 Kw & 50 Kw
11,700 KHz OC/SW 25m 50 Kw
4,850 KHz OC/SW 60m 3 Kw
105.5 MHz..v F. M. 3 Kw
/Serv. Local 0 ~3~.5:~: };- -~ s. .,;zc, /IDRI' > !)cSl>c 0 /lM - .:2 Al--( ,

4 850 MHz { 22:30-15:00 (L-S) (M-S) (L-S)

' 00 :00-11:00 (Dom) (Sun) (Dun)

/Serv. Intern. l-1,700 MHz } { 15:00-22:30 (L-S) (M-S) (L-S)

4,850 MHz 17 :30-23 :00 (Dom) (Sun) (Dim)

/Serv. Special ~ -:m~ } 11:30-17:30 (Dom) (Sun) (Dim)

Identification "Esta es, Radio Clarin, la emisora
Internacional de la Republica Dominicana"

/Sign. Inter.
ij ¢ J I
r· r l [JE
W,lfmlo V••1•1

Verification Q. S. L. (tarjeta/ Card / Carte)

/Departements Tecnico • Administr. - Prensa - Comer - 0. Corta
Techn. - Administr. - Pres.5 - Artistic. - Comm. - Short Wve
Techn. - Administr. • Presse - Artist. - Comerc. - Bd. Courte
/Personal 50

DIFUSORA HEMISFERIO, S.lt.

RADIO CLARIN
SANTO DOMINGO, REPUBLICA DOMINICAN.A.
 - 133 -

Written by Julian ANDERSON

Arrangement and typewriting by Takeshi SEJIMO

Illustration: Radio Otuzco,

Otuzco, Peru (1260kHz)
-134-
DXING PERU
by Julian Anderson.
(All times in UTC, unless otherwise stated.)

After many years of logging and having performed several trips to the area, Peru has become
my favourite DX - target. It is a most complex land, not only geographically but culturally as
well. One may expect great differences in broadcasting, and this is a fact. But we won't
speak about economical, historical or political aspects, as these may be found in any
encyclopedia or specialized book.

Any DXer with a short experience will be able to

recognize broadcasting sty I es between other
South American countries, but as this article is
RADIO Q//fpa1ian6n
aimed at beginners in Latin American DXing, CULTURA EN 580 KHz.
we' II talk about some particular details. Please Apartado SO - Jaen (Chiclayo) - PERU
bear in mind that all is based on 'DXing Peru'
fro m Buenos Aires, Argentina!

RECEPTION: Most all Peruvian Short Wave (SW) stations have been heard here. Personally, only
R. Tayabamba, R. Hispana and R. Contumaza (now R. San Mateo) have never been logged; maybe some
day I' 11 be fortunate enough, hi.

Logging times are between 2300-0500 and 0900- 1100 (winter), times are shorter in summer. As a
rule, reception is better during the evenings, but on the other hand, between 0900-1000 some
Peruvians are audible thanks to the absence of interfering stations which are active during
the evenings, so it is wise to check conditions in the mornings from time to time. That's why
some DXers Ii ving in the USA, Japan, Australia, etc., are able to report stations which
aren't audible over Europe, or vice- versa. On Medium Wave (MW), Peruvians come in between
0400- 0800, when the vast majority of our locals sign off. Brazil is always a problem, as
there are Brazi I ians on almost every frequency, but with a loop or
proper antennas, you may be able to perform a good job.

HOW TO IDENTIFY: A good trick to identify the country is to catch the

National Anthem. Due to a national law, al I stations are enforced to
broadcast the National Anthem a number of times: at 0500, 1100, 1700,
and 2300, those not broadcasting 24 hours, at s / on, 1700, 2300 and
s/off (local time). Most stations broadcast complete taped
identifications (IDs) when signing on/off, but it is annoying to say
that many start with a simple, 'Buenos Dias'. 'Buenas Neches' is
often heard as a "complete" s/off. hi!
Iquitos-Peru
Far from being regular, most stations (mainly those in the inland) operate on an irregular
basis. Power is a problem in small towns, so it is not rare to find a particular station with
a highly variable transmission schedule.

Giving the ti me on top of the hour is

almost unknown, so you must be paying RADIO L□RETD
EN MUSIC A Y DEPORT ES NO NOS GANAN .
attention all the time; you may be
1 istening over an hour without getting
A.H. 11.50. Kll.0CICL0S F.M. 103.S MEG
an ID! But the good thing is that most
stations usually give their IDs with
eve ry time check (anytime), or with an
incredible variety of slogans.

Another good chance is given by the

many, many programmes devoted to
messages or to 'Happy Birthday'
dedications = 'Programas de Comunicados'
or 'Programas de Feliz Aniversario'.
 - 135 -

F.M.

95.9
STEREO iii TU
[ancardig:
MEJOA ALTEANATIVA . !!~ 12KW

A country with terrible problems in communications (bad roads, very poor telephone services) ,
Peru devotes many broadcasting hours to the aforementioned kind of programmes. Station IDs
are normally broadcasted at the end or the beginning of each transmission. It is obvious that
if you haven't a good management of the Spanish language it' II be more difficult to catch a
good ID, (it's the same for me when logging an Indonesian), even more difficult is to try to
point out an ID when the programme is in Quechua!

This language is most common in the inland (but also heard in large cities) where large
'campes ino' (peasant) communities Ii ve. As a rule, programmes in this I anguage are
broadcasted in the early mornings, with few exceptions . Reason? Peasants wake up early,
between 0400- 0500 a. m. (local time); and during my trips it has been most common to see
peasants from the bus window with a small battery-powered portabl e radio listening to Huaynos
and I ocal programmes.

SW- ACTIVITY: Differently to many other countries, Peru

is quite active on SW. When visiting many radio
station·s in Latin American countries which were active
on SW in the past (but inactive nowadays), I was told
by the stations ' directors that they were off because
SW is no longer profitable; this is not applicable to
Peru, for the aforementioned reasons (poor alternatives
in communication). Many tiny stations in the inland
just 'survive' thanks - to the incomes coming from
message s and communication programmes. In some areas
this service is so necessary, that many out- of- band
stations are broadcasting without a legal license! In
some particular cases, it is known that certain
stations (particularly those in jungle areas) are
backed up by guerilla or narco groups, that use the
stations to broadcast 'message', i.e. a particular song
or a particular message at a certain time or date,
meaning 'all is clear', 'don't come', 'go ahead', etc.

VERIFYING : Verifying Peruvian is hard , but not as difficult as QSLing Bo! ivians. Postal
services aren't good, but at least work, being possible to send l ette rs even to very smal 1
towns in the inland.

International Reply Coupons (JRCs) are almost

useless , excep t in Lima. Ar equipa, Iquitos, and
Tarapoto, where they are accepted. They may be
received somewhere else. but rarely; it usually
RADID I depends on the postal employee : if he is willing or

U f@l~!L!$ELW!
/ fl1/SOR4 DH INSTITUTO OfPROMO(ION soml ANAZONl(A-1ps~
not to accept them (or if he knows they a r e used
for). With high inflati on levels it's also
difficult to send mint stamps, exce pt if you have a
contact there. I've performed the latter: asking a

1~-~J~~
23-1382 ABTAO 25~
APARTADO 207 \
IOUITOS - PEAU
friend for stamps and then sending out the reports
the same day I received the stamps, adding an extra
20% to the usual cost of a 20- gramme airmail letter
so as to cover some possible inflation .
-136-
But

I ncluding souvenirs is also a wis e thing to do. In

Radio Tacna, for in stance, they have two walls fully
covered with post cards, and I've been told by Mrs.
Yolanda Viuda de Caceres (station director) that th ey
answer reports only 1f they' re coming with 'un recuerdo'
(a souvenir).

I'm usuall y asked by foreign or local OMs why certain stations

answer reports to some DXers and not to others, or why some stations
seem not to send QSLs at all, or rarely. First thing to bear in mind
is that nearly all the radios are tiny private enterprises, excepting a
few which get funds from religious organizations or th e like. Th ey don't
have a government support as th e big international stations do ; sending
QSLs is therefo re , an extra (and usually unnecessary) expense for them. •
~
Getting an answer to your report will directly depend upon economic facilities of ~ ',
each station, or if anyone r ead ing your l etter is willing to 'take the hard job' of · ·
answering. You may be fortunate in finding an owner or chairperson who enjoys and
understands the hobby, or recei ving l ette rs from abroad, but t his is most rare. When
vi siting stations in Peru, some Directors simply said: "We are not interested in reports
as they' re not useful for us. We are broadcasting to a reduced area and our advertisers
- from whom we live- aren't interested in bei ng known in Canada or Sweden, as they won't sell
their products there" ...

On the othe r hand and directly depending on the station, out reports are us ed to show
advertisers that "if our s ignal r eaches Finland or Japan, it is also covering the whole of
Peru" ... This second cri teria is usual in those SW stations who have given evidence of being
regular verifiers.

There are some usefu l tricks to QSL that 'hard' station t o which you have written so many
t imes without rece iving an answer. If the Director, or responsible (to whom we usually send
out r eports) i s not willing to
give a r ep ly, maybe someone else
is. One of these tricks is to
pay attention to the name of the
programme and that of the DJ yo u
were l is t ening to, and
thereafter send a l e tte r
directly to him, saying that
you've enjoyed his programme
greatly, and all the usual
stuff. Th ere are of course many
other tricks (too many for
detailing them her e). If
inte rest ed in knowing more,
Gabri e l I van Barrera and my
goodself have edited a 1O- page
fools cap-s ize booklet named "The
Art of Latin American QSLing",
info about same may be found
e l sewhere in this publi cat ion.
Studio of R. Vision - Juanjui
 - 137-
A most important sugges ti on: as I wrot e s ome lines
ago, these are most I y tiny s t at.ions, so in many
cases (particularly in thos e broadcasting on MW
only) they haven't th e faint est idea of what a
"\0 ~MAl~JI.A "QSL" is. .I had th e c hance of finding many
.&..""Yvoz Je:~:P~TU' rf$ unanswe red r epo rt s because the secretary or
office-boy in charge of answering ma i I didn't know
""'lllit SELVA :S-17'3FRUANA what a QSL is or what it is used for. Always
IQUI T / , PERU explain the reasons of our hobby and what, is and
why you' re requ esting a "QSL".

PUTUMAYO!
N' '+73
"
,
:,f' 234?51
Besides receiving a lette r or card dire c tly from
the station, another way to ge t yo ur verification
is to send a PPC. 'PPC' s tands for "Previously
Prepared Card", a pos t - ca rd wh ere you should
_.
R A
_______ include all the informa tion co ncerning
reception (date, time, fr equency, e tc.) and then
request the station's offi c ial seal and signature
th e

of verifier.

USEFUL REMARKS: If some station(s) do not reply

your report, don't give up. You just wait some
months and then send a "f/up". This stands for
"follow- up" and it is nothing l ess than exactly
the same report with a note saying "I've sent
th is report some time ago, and as I haven't got
an answer, I suppose that my first letter has
become lost in the mail. .. ", etc. Personally,
many hard- to- verify stations were QSLed using
this method, as if a chairman is not interested
in QSLing, maybe the new one could be. Latin
mentality usually leads people not to stay for a
long time in the same job, in many cases,
directors are changing from time to time, and
that could be our best chance.

In some cases requesting for help form local

DXers is a solution, but unfortunately this is
not the case of Peru, where DXers may be counted
with your fingers. Only Rafael Rojas F. or Pedro
F. Arrunategui are performing a very good job, I
really do not have any news about other reliable
OMs DXing there, excepting some sporadic
contributions from Merry Blas Rojas in Iquitos.

Originally appeared in "Pampas DXing" No. 28 (June

1990) and No. 29 (July 1990) (via RNM No.146).
Reproduced with a permission of Julian Anderson.
Photos by Takayuki INOUE NOZAKI.
 -138-
DXING BOLIVIA
by Julian Anderson

When receiving letters from OMs living abroad, I'm usually told that a most difficult count ry
for logging is Bolivia. As there is not hing I can do to improve your reception conditions, at
least I' II writ e about the impressions I have got during 15 active years of listening to
stations fro m this most beautiful and exot ic neighbouring country.

Even he re in Buenos Aires some stati ons are difficult to log, while the vast majority are
everyday-catches. The re are some that I use as 'beacons': If I'm not able to Jog them, it's
better going straight off to bed! Easiest are Fides, Illimani, Panamericana, Nacional de
Huanuni, La Cruz del Sur, Grigota, etc.

Whil e Short Wave (SW) and Tropical Bands RADIO "NACION AL"
VOZ SINOICALISTA DEL MINERO BOLIVIANO
are easi l y heard, it is a lm ost impossib le HUANUNf - ORURO - BOLIVIA
to log Bolivian s tations on Medium Wave
(MW): during the last 10 years I've been
able to receive only 3 or 4 stations; together with the Guayanas and Surinam,
it is the hardest country when performing MW- DXing (talking about South
[~ m
American countri es, that is). ~~~J K~l.
The main language is Spanish but native languages are heard as we! I: Aymara,
and Quechua; the first is wid e ly used, while the second is not so common . 4~ Mti.
Stations operating in large cities such as La Paz
or Santa Cruz may be as modern and effi c ient as
any other stations broadcasting from advanced
countri es , but those in the inland operate under
such basic conditions that it is hard to believe
that they can be heard so far away.

After having travell ed some thousands of

Wr iler and V. Bombard i ere in
front of R.Norte (Oct . 1984)
kilometers across Bolivia during recent years
during a DX-tour performed in the area, I can
we! 1 remember the cases of R. Luis de Fuentes in
Tarija or R. Norte de Montero (which is now
inactive on SW). On R. Luis de Fuentes, they were
using a pre- World War il transmitter, fixed with
pieces of wire that were visible all over. The
whole station was within a sing le room apartment
on a t hird floor! When visiting R.Norte (formerly
operating on 4938 kHz - as easy catch in Buenos
Aires ) they were using a 50- year- old
transmitter... with a wild jungle- monkey eat ing
bananas on top of it! They hadn't a turntable
system, so songs wer e broadcasted putting an open
microphone in front of a taperecord er' s speaker!
And this is 'civili zed' if compared with many
other MW- stations I've visit ed . ..

Listen ing to Bolivians is one thi ng, gett ing the QSLs to our reports is quite different.
Besides be ing diffi cult or not to catch a particular station, we have strong problems that
are dec id ed ly aga in st us.

Bolivian posta l serv i ces are among the wors t in the world : they are comp l etely unre l iable,
and, wi th the exception of La Paz or Santa Cruz, th ere is no de 1 i very of co rrespondence to
the r ece ivers' addr esses . Your letters are kept in the General Post Offi ces, waiting for
someone to pass by and pick them up ( wh ic h sometimes never occurs), so it is advisable to
send your reports to P. 0. Boxes wh enever possib l e. Bolivian people having to send letters or
packages usually send the m via private companies.
 -139-
0n the other hand, excepting the aforementioned
main c1 ties, International Reply Coupons (IRCs)
are not accepted; asking here and there when
being in Bolivia, no one in the post offices knew
anything about them nor knew what were they
useful for, hi.

When visiting stations I had the opportunity of

seeing many reports received from fellow DXers
wor Id wide - most of them unanswered. I was able
to answer many of them myself (and requesting the
Director's signature) but this is an exception,
of course. Do not use complicated 'technical
stuff' such as SINPO code or technical
descriptions - bear in mind that there are very
tiny private stations, who don't have a 'Public
Relations Department'. so people reading your
letters are usually badly- prepared secretaries
who haven't the faintest idea of what DXing is.

Enclosing a US$ banknote isn't smart idea as postal employees are always searching these
'interesting envelopes'. hi. Best idea is to write a letter (apart from your report) as
simple, nice, and kind as possible.

Do not use beautiful stamps on your envelope as this is a frequent cause of 'missing' · postal
pieces. Including some souvenirs is also recommendable.

RADIO DIFUSORA ''TARABUco·· 5.216 K. c. Onda Corta

Una voz independiente al servicio de la patria
Tarabuco - Bolivia

But let's come back to 'DXing Bolivia' from Buenos Aires.

Basically, DXing to Bolivians may be divided into two categories: it depends whether you log
these stations in the early mornings or in the evenings (considering local times, that is).
Many stations that are easily received during the mornings can't be caught in the evenings,
and vice-versa. A disadvantage of logging Bolivians during our mornings (between 0900-1100
OTC) is that most stations broadcast programmes beamed to peasants (who wake up early),
presented in Aymara language, so you're not able to understand a thing!

R.Libertad, R.El Condor, R.16 de Marzo, R.La

Cruz de! Sur, R. San Ignacio, R. Cordech, RADIO LA CRUZ DEL SUR
R.Juan XXIII, R.Maria Auxiliadora, R.Animas,
etc., have been regularly heard during the UNION BAUTISTA BOLIVIANA
evenings. On the other hand, R. San Gabriel,
C. P . 3FM C . P. 27 C. P. 75
R. Cosmos, R. Pio XII, R. Horizonte, R. Per la
de! Acre, etc.. are easily received during
95 mHi: FM 730 KHz 4875 KHz
the evenings but very difficult to catch in
the mornings. ESTEREO 411 mts. 61.S4 mts.

A good chance to log those "rare" stations are during weekends, when many usually
inactive/irregular stations connect with the larger network (such as Cadena Deportiva
Cristal, key station R.Cristal, 5005 kHz), to re- broadcast football matches or sports;
religious festivities, national holidays (when many stations have extended schedules/use full
powers), etc.

Originally appeared in "Pampas DXing" No. 27 (May 1990) (via RNM No.144). Reproduced with a
permission of Julian Anderson.
RADIO SAN GABRIEL: LA VOZ DEL PUEBLO AYMARA
EMIS_O RA OEL ARZOBISPAOO OE LA PAZ - DIRIGIDA POR LOS HERMANOS OE LA SALLE

0. Lanza 2001 Tclfs. 3-21174 - 3-55371

Casilla 4792 La Paz ~ Bolivia.
-140 -
A DX - TOUR OVER THE BOLIVIAN DIAL
by Julian Anderson
(All Times in UTC)
ANTEQUERA : Radio 16 de l!arzo broadcasts from the Bo! ivar Mining Centre in the Antequera
Canyon, Poop6 Province, Oruro Department, on 4865.5 kHz, between 0900-2400v. Active. The name
Antequera comes from a Spanish city in the Malaga Province, and it was given to the area by
the first Spanish conquerors, who started with mining explorations in early 17th century. The
Bolivar Mining Centre may be reached from Oruro via Poop6, population is 3520, and it's at
4020 m. a. s. I. (metres above sea level). This
centre occupies a large number of miners, who
use R.16 de Marzo as their communal voice. RADt6 •18 DE MARZO•
R.16 de Marzo is, therefore, an "Emisora Voz y Pensa ■ i~nt• d-el MilHft ie leliwa
Minera" (mining station) and it's quite an
easy catch here in Buenos Aires. Its name ..(865 Khz Ond-o Corte
comes form its first day of broadcasting, DIRECCJON
March 16. It's an unofficial station, as they MIN A BOL!VA R
have no I icense and no cal I. (Thanks to
Nobuyoshi Aoi for some of this information!) Oruro·Bolivia
CAl!ARGO : Radio Camargo broadcasts from the town of the same name in the Chuquisaca
Department, on 3390v kHz with 1 kW, between 2230-0200v. Active. It is on the road from Potosi
to Tarija; a small Andean town, with about 11,000 people. According to my points of reference
it isn't an attractive place, main incomes are mining activities. The whole area is very dry,
almost no vegetation; fruits and vegetables are usually brought from other distant places.

COBIJA : Radio Perla de! Acre broadcasts from the city of Cobija, in the Pando Department. It
operates on 4600 kHz, between 1100- 0300 (s/on is at 1300 on Sunday). Active. Cobija (by the
way, it means 'blanket' in Spanish) is the capital of this lowland - jungle area; it is 252
m.a.s.l. and it's a small town, with only 5,000 inhabitants. Station name comes from the Acre
river; on one of its banks the city has been built.
Right on the Brazilian border, the area has many Brazilian residents. It's an isolated town
(no roads), only connections are by air and river transport. Main activities are cattle
raising and agricultural works. R.Perla de! Acre is an easy catch in Buenos Aires;
programming is usually devoted to general entertai nment but I've noticed several
political/syndical programmes .

COCHABAl!BA : From this city Radio Cosmos, on 6094v kHz,

broadcasts between 1000- 0200v, and with 1 kW. Active. It
is Bolivia's third largest city, capital of the department
l1 MUVERSAR/o of the same name, and it was founded in 1574. Population
is about 300,000; it is at 2560 m.a.s.l. Climate is
DE COSMOS usually good, rains are scarce, skies are usually clear.
• LA RADIO· You may reach here from La Paz by air (half an hour) or by
bus, which represents 10 to 12 hours of hard trip, as
there are lots of precipices to be crossed.
The area is commonly r eferred to as the granary of
Bolivia, for its agricultural products, which are really
varied and rich; land is very fertile thanks to the
presence of severa l rivers bringing from the northern
jungles. Founded by the conquistador Se bas ti an de Padi I la,
the city's original name was Villa de Oropeza, while it
was given its actual name in 1786.
Having visited this city, I've noticed some unusual signs
of richness; it comes from drug- traffic, which is highly
developed in neighbouring valleys (particularly in the
"Chapare" area), it is the second most important drug
centre in Bolivia (the main one is Santa Cruz).
Touristically speaking, the city isn't very attractive.
Nevertheless, surroundings are colourful and vivid. There
are several satellite-towns which are well worth a visit.
 -141-
GUAYARAMF.RIN : Radio Galaxia is here, it operates on 5159. 5 kHz (it was recently reported
here, and on 4530 kHz as well!); Guayaramerin is in the Beni Department, and it's a
primitive- looking jungle- town, only 170 m.a.s. l., c limate is really oppresive; population is
about 13,000 and it was built on the west bank of the Mamore river, which serves as official
border with Brazil. On the other side of the river is the Brazilian town of Guajara- Mirim.
The place is an active smuggling centre. It is possible to reach the town, by river (there
are several boat- services) or by air, as there are daily flights to Trinidad and La Paz.
There are bus - lines to Riberalta, the trip may take from 2. 5 to 4 hours, depending on weather
conditions, as jungl e- roads are not paved, of course !

LA PAZ : Let's choose Radio Fides as a representative of La Paz. It broadcasts on 4845v kHz
with 1 kW. in // to 6155 kHz (10 kW there) between 0900-0300v. Active. The latter frequency
is received almost as a local station here in Buenos Aires! La Paz is the highest world
capital, lies at 3640 m.a.s. l., in a natural basin of canyon; it is about 370 metres below
the level of the Altiplano (Bolivian Highlands). It was founded on October 20, 1548, being
its average temperature no more than l0°C; nights are bitterly co ld. Altitude is a problem,
as having visited this city some time ago, I've suffe red the SOROCHE (altitude sickness), so
you should take things
easy at least for the
first couple c;if days.
Population is about
one million, half of

covered with 50
it of Indian or1g1n.
Mount I 11 i man i, 6642
metres high and always
snow,
towers over the city;
SU VOZ AMIGA you may see the same
from anywhere.
50 a nos
1939-1989

CP 12 - 6.155 KCS. 0.C. 49 METROS - CP 72 - 4.845 KCS. 0.C. 60 METROS - CP 29 - 760 KCS. AM - CP 240 FM 98 MH - FM "LASER 98"
C. JENAAO SANJINES 799• TELS. 359191- 92 - 93 • PARA A.M.374549•PAAA PUB LI CID AO 365962 •C AS ILLA 5782 • LA PAZ, BO LIVIA

La Paz is a curious example of social organization. As a matter of fact, from Mariscal Santa
Cruz Avenue I was able to confirm this: on the lower side the richest districts, and going up
you're able to see how neighbourhoods change: the higher you live, the poorer you are.
Much of La Paz is modern, few colonial buildings have remained.
Nevertheless, it is an interesting place. One of the finest views
I've ever seen is that of the c i ty when coming down from the El
Alto Airport, whi ch is on the Altiplano, about 400 metres ove r the
downtown level (take a seat on the right side of the taxi for
taking photographs) . Communications to and from the city are
usually good, people is most fri endly. I was most welcomed when
visiting local stations!

MONTERO : Radio Maria Auxiliadora broadcasts from this town on

4975v kHz, with 1 kW between 1000- 0100. It is believed to be
active, but at the same ti me it is seldom reported due to several
interfering stations operating on this frequency. I've visited this
station; it's a small religious one located uptown Montero city. It
is 37 km north of Santa Cruz, population is about 30,000. Climate
is jungle- like, as it is only about 430 m.a.s. l.; I remember that
when visiting this place I had to suffer a 5l 'C temperature - in
the shade!
Montero is progressive; main incomes are sugar refi nery and cotton • MONTERO. SRNTR cnuz
industries. Only downtown streets are paved, but it is a quiet a nd
friendly place.
~llnlAIIIA
 - 142-
0RURO : Radio llineria is here, broadcasting on 4982v kHz with 1 kW and between 1000-0215.
Another easy catch from Buenos Aires, it has been recently reactivated. Oruro city itself is
built on the slopes of a hill at 3700 m.a.s.l., with about 170,000 inhabitants - mostly
indians. It is an important mining centre. main minerals processed in its environs are tin,
tungsten and silver. It is an interesting place, which has kept much of the charm of colonial
times. They have one of the world's most i mpressive carnivals, "La Diablada", with lots of
parades and dancings with people wearing ferocious diabolical costumes; carnival celebrations
last 8 days. There are good railway, bus and air services to Chile and other Bolivian cities.
Roads to Cochabamba and Potosi are particularly impressive as mountainous scenery is
breathtaking. All the area is very dry so vegetation is scarce, excepting around some
rivers/lakes existing in the area, where I was told fishing is very good.

11l!S ~IN !IE R 11

C.P 213 ONDA CORTA Y C P. 212 ONDA MEDIA
Gcuife v Director General Dr. JoJf Carlo.r GOmcz E✓pinoza
I'v,diodi/u,ortz Privada lnaugurada ,I Jg de .dlarzo de 1!174

£QTI!fil : There are no active stations in Potosi nowadays, but those with a good memory may
remember Radio El Espectador, which used to broadcast on 5910v kHz, with 1 kW, between
1030- 0300. Potosi stands at 4070 m.a.s. 1., and has a population of 110,000; it is the highest
city of its size of the world. It was founded on April 10, 1545, when Spaniards found silver
in Cerro Rico (which means "Rich Hill"). Immense amounts of this metal were extracted from
this hill; in Spain the phrase "vale un Potosi" (it is worth a Potosi) is still used for
anything superlatively rich. Early in 17th century, the city was one of the biggest in South
America (150,000 inhabitants) due to silver mining. Beginning the 19th century, silver came
to an end, so the activity declined up to the beginning of this century when tin, copper and
lead started to be mined, which lifted the city to comparative prosperity once more. Large
parts of Potosi are co lonial, with twisting, narrow streets and some mansions, which remain
from the Golden Days. There are several interesting museums whi ch remember the glory of the
past. As a resume, Potosi is a nice place; communications are good and people most friendly,
so a visit is recommended - it is 175 km from Sucre (see Sucre) Bolivia's official capital.

RIBKRALTA : Radio San lliguel is a well - known station broadcasting from this town. It's on
331 0. 3 kHz, with 1 kW there, between 0900- 1800 & 2000-0400(v). Riberalta is a typical jungle
town, at only 175 m.a.s.l., with 20,000 people; they lived from the boom of natural - rubber
during the late 19th century. Present incomes come from the new cattle industry. It's at the
confluence of the Beni and Madre de Dias rivers, which together flow into the Mamore a few km
north of Guayaramerin. Roads are really poor in this area, so airways and rivers are the
usual ways of communication during the rainy season.

RADIO "SAN M f GUEL" c. P.114

Ribera Ila BENI ·:· Bolivia

SAN JOSE DE CHIQUITOS : From this tiny jungle-town Radio San Jose broadcasts on 5580 kHz,
with 0. 5 kW. I've recently heard this station, which has been r eac tivated just a short time
ago. With 3,000 inhabitants, it's on the railroad line half way between Santa Cruz and
Corumba, in the Santa Cruz Department. San Jose de Chiqui tos was founded as a trading post
for merchandise being sent to the Mato Grosso area.
 -143-

Fi/;DlO S/~l~l/; tl,UZ

970 Kcs Onda Media EMISORA DEL INSTITUTO RADIOFONICO FEY ALEGRIA
6135 Kcs Onda Corta

SANTA CRUZ : Radio Santa Cruz broadcasts from this place, Bolivia's 2nd city and richest, on
6135 kHz with 2. 5 kW, between 0900- 0300v. A most easy log from Buenos Ai res (if R. Aparecida
is not interfering too much), it is a religious stat i on; it belongs to the "Instituto
Radiof6nico Fey Alegria". Santa Curz is at 437 m.a.s.l., and has a population of about
450,000 (es tab! ished in 1989) and it's located on the plains to the eas t of the Eastern
Cordillera, about 550 km by air from La Paz. It was founded in 1561 by Spaniards who had come
from Paraguay. Having visited this city I've noticed it's a fast - developing area, modern and
we! I- kept, with an energetic commercial activity, good roads, and good communications. It's
quite different from other Bolivian cities I've visited; it's not a surprise as it's one of
Latin America's main drug-traffic centres. A hot town, it's nice to see how people revive
after sunset, which is the best time of the day for shopping and walking. Camba, which is
Santa Cruz's typical rhythm, is usually heard on the stations broadcasting from here.
There are several festivities all-year-round, nevertheless, one of the best is carnival,
which is one of the merriest in Latin America. Viru - Viru's International Airport is also one
of the finest I've seen (bu il t by a Japanese enterprise). There's a preponderance of whites
(many of Spanish/German origin); there' s a large Japanese co mmunity as we 11. Agr icu I tural
works are developed and lands are we! I- kept and worked around the city. Another reason for
the city's prosperity is the exploitation of oil in several places of the Department of Santa
Cruz (local cuisine is highly recommended) and I'd like to remark the good attention I've
received when visiting local stat i o n s . ~ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
SUCRE From Sucre, Bolivia's RADIO LA PLATA SRL.
C • P 21 IASBORAJ
C. P. 54
official capital, Radio La Plata
broadcasts on 9717v kHz, between 9715 Kcs. DC. Casilla corrco 276 1250 Kcs. OM.
1000- 1800, with 1 kW. Active. It Sucre . Oollvla
may be logged in Buenos Aires at
around 1600-1 700. I ' ve spent several days here taking advantage of one of the nicest and most
peaceful towns I've ever been to. With some 80,000 inhabitants and at 2800 m. a.s. !., it's 175
km from Potosi, and it was founded in 1538. Its long isolation (due to poor roads in this
impressive mountainous area) has helped Sucre to keep a private charm: it really holds well
its colonial atmosphere. An excellent view of the city may be obtained from Churuquilla Hill,
from where you may see an ocean of red-ta iled roofs. Public buildings, churches from colonial
times and some interesting museums are also well worth a visit.

TARIJA : Radio Los Andes, on 4775v kHz, broadcasts from this town between 1000 - 0300(v), with
1 kW. A regular catch in Buenos Aires, it may be usually heard in the evenings . Tarija is one
of the oldest settlements in Bolivia, founded in 1574. It was one of the first cities to
declare itself independent from Spain, way back in 1807. The
Radiodifusora surroundings are quite adequate for agricultural works; also,
/,I .;aa_ Ja,Q(,j{;/1.[;;JJ;j_ Bolivia's best wines are produced here. Populat ion is about
E1 IF a, , . ..,.,, ir;, a, 60,000, and it's largely whit e.
Because of this fact and due to its architecture, when I was

:~::.::~!':".:..:.~ 0 "
coRTII
0 11 visiting this place I had the feeling of being in an old
Spanish town. Weather is really fine, and its altitude, of
1950 m. a. s. I., helps to have a mi Id c limate. I was really
TARlJA ·BOLr114
Y ,r.11no11 welcomed al I over and had a great time when visiting several
1250lKt:I. stations, particularly R.Los And es .-
4115 Kt:I,.

Originally appeared in "Pampas DXing" No. 33 (December 1990) and No. 34 (January 1991) (via RN!!
No.152 and 153). Reproduced with a permission of Julian Anderson.
 - 144 -
A DX - TOUR OVER TIIE COLOMBIAN DIAL
by Julian Anderson
(All Times in UTC)

BOGITTA : From the Colombian Capital you may log several stat ions, easiest could be those of
the Caracol Network. Try 6075 kHz where Caracol broadcasts from 0900 to 0500 (24 hours on
weekends), with 10 kW.
Not so easy as it is an irregular station, try Radio Santa Fe, on 4965.2 kHz, broadcasting at
1030-0400v. Bogota is a city of over 5 mi 11 ion; it is on a plateau at 2650 m. a. s. I. (metres
above sea level). Built on sloping land, it covers
about 22 km 2 • Downtown Bogota, is full of contrasts: RADIO
charming colonial bui Id ings are bes ides most modern
skyscrapers . If wi 11 i ng to have a good view of the
1070KHz.
-C~SANTAFE
30KVV
city, then go to the top of the Monserrate, one of
ONDA CORTA 4965 Kh,.
the two peaks you may see to the East.
A visit to this c ity should start at Plaza Bolivar, as around this Park,
there is a neighbourhood known as Barrio La Candelaria, where most of the
best mansions and buildings of colonial times are. There are many churches,
museums, and touristic places of all kinds, but one you surely can't mis s,
is the Museo de! Oro, (the Golden Museum), as no less than 18,000 pieces of
Precolumbian gold work are shown. From Bogota you have transportation to
almost every place in Colombia. Relatively close to the city are many
points of interest as well, i . e. the Salt Mines of Zipaquira and the
beautiful artificial lake of Mina, formed by a dam.
CARACOL, PRIMERA CADENA RADIAL COLOMBIANA S. A.. AVENIDA 19 No. µa . TELS: 28110 88 . 18157 00 • A. A. 9191 • TELEX ◄1150 • BOGOTA, COLOMBIA

BUCARAMANGA : Radio Bucaramanga is not active nowadays, but, as it belongs to Caracol

Network, maybe they wil I be active again, one of these days. It used to be active between
1000-0400 on 4845 kHz, with 1 kW; it used to be a good verifier as well.
Bucaramanga city is 420 km from Bogota, and it is Capita! of Santander
Department. It stands at 1020 m. a. s. l. on an uneven plateau sharply
delimited by eroded slopes to the north and west, hills to the east and
ravine to the south. Founded in 1622, it became a large city only in the
second half of the 19th century. Population is 450,000 and main income
are coffee and tobacco plantations. The place is very hot, average
temperature is 30°C! Worst problem is the lack of space for expansion, as
hills surrounding the city offer great erosion after rainfalls, which are
usually very heavy. It is this erosion that
offers the most spectacular views to the radio bucaramanga
tourists. PRIMERA EM/SORA DEL ORIENTE COLOMB/ANO

CUCIITA : From this town, if you are lucky, you may log Radio Nueva Vida, on 5567v kHz, an
unofficial religious station which operates at 2300-0230v with 0. 2 kW. It is the Capital of
the Department of Norte de Santander, and only 16 km from the Venezuelan frontier. Founded
1734, destroyed by earthquake 1875, later rebuilt; with elegant building and Jots of trees
providing shade - they're most necessary: the mean temperature is 29°C!
Populations 350,000; as in Bucaramanga, main incomes are coffee and tobacco. Cattle is also
quite common in the area. A few km of this town there is an international bridge, just beyond
is San Antonio de! Tachira, the first Venezuelan town, on is San Cristobal. Roads in the area
are excellent, far better than in other Colombian departments.

~~
EMISORA
Ji1'o~$
0
< Dt LA. st'-~,.
':Ca CVoz de la Selva
FLORENC1A ·CAQUETA
 - 145-
E)rlegua:za
Onda La,.. UN NUEVO CONCEPTO EN RADIODIFUSION MODERNA Calle 16 No. 12-48 p;,0 • 2
-ff. J. A. U.1.160 KHZ ADEMAS VERDADERA POTENCIA SONORA ORCULLO DE LA REGION Telefoooe : 2557 y 2558
Ooda Cotta
FLORENCIA - CAQUETA Aputado Ae,eo No. 209
ff. J. Q. A. 4.975 KHZ
Fn:cueocia M'odut.da COLOMBIA - SUR A.
91.7 MCZ

FLORENCIA : From Florenc ia (population 50,000) you may log several well - known stations, i . e.
Radio Ondas del Orteguaza (on 4976. 2 kHz, 1000- 2300/0300v, 1 kW), an easy catch here in
Buenos Aires in the ear ly mornings, or a diff icult one, La Voz de la Selva, broadcasti ng with
2.5 kW on 6170 kHz at 0900- 0400. We know this second station is active thanks to Venezuelan
and Colombian DXers, but Radio Cu 1tura de Sao Paulo, on the same frequency, makes this
station an impossible dream for me.
The region's main income is catt l e-raising; the natural forest of the area has been cleared
in many places for this purpose; the area surrounding Florencia, has been c l eared in a 10- 15
km radius, there you may observe many tall palm- trees, the fruits of whi ch are a delicacy for
catt l e grazing. Surrounding Florencia there are extensive rain -forests; views are
spectacular, particular ly in the dry season (January-March) when tropical flowers are
eve rywher e. Town was originally established in 1908.

IBAGUE : From the capital of Tolima Department, you may log a recently r eactivated stat ion:
Radio Ecos del Combeima, it broadcasts on 4785. 6 kHz, with 5 kW, being reported at 0100- 0500,
exact schedul e unknown at this time.
quite large c ity ,-----------------------■-----,I
It
~~ 00 ·~~~
is a
i~~~~ita~~s).
Mountains, at 1250 m. a. s. I.
Qu~~~~~ ecos def combe,ma
Weather is cool and nice, average temperature is 22·c. The city specializes in 2 things: a
local drink called Mistela (a kind of wine, also common in Weste rn Argentina) and hand- made
leather goods. Close to the city is the Nevado de] Tolima (5200 m), whe r e you may reach the
top after a 10-hour-climb; ther e you will have some breathtak i ng views of the Cordillera
Central - with many snow-capped mountains surrounding you.

QUIBDO : Ecos de! . Atrato, an erratic station be longing to Caraco l Network, broadcasts from
this town on 5020v kHz, at 1000- 0400 with 1 kW. Station usually relays Caracol - Bogota, but it
has some locally- produced programmes as well.
Quibd6 is a smal l jungle-town, but it is the capital of the Choc6 Department, 45,000
inhabitants at all (in the town, I mean). All the area is thickly wooded and mountains, roads
and communi cations are reasonable, if you r each the place from Medellin, mountainous views
are real Jy impressive. The area has become a Ii tt le dangerous fo r tourists due to massive
coca- plantations.

TU!IACO : A rare catch for non- Latin American DXers, Radio Mira broadcasts from Tumaco on
6015v kHz, using 3 kW, at 1100- 0IOOv. Usual ]y reported by Colombian/Venezuelan DX ers during
their local early mornings. With about 100,000 inhabitants, the town is very poor, population
is predominantly black; also
services are not good. Being
located in one of the world's
rainiest areas, humidity is very
high, and temperature is damn - hot:
a 35• C average temperature should
be expected i n summer ! All the
coasta l area surr ounding Tumaco is
a mangrov e swamp. An earthquake in
1979 changed the appearance of the
town. Tourists are usually
unwe !corned!

IR AD I 0
 -146-
YOPAL : La Voz del Yopal broadcasts 1., ;c KHZ . HJO Z ONOA LARGA · 5. 050 KHZ • HJPY ONO A CORT A
from this town, on 5050v kHz with 1 PI O~[RA O[ LA RA0\0 [N CASA NARE
kW, it belongs to Caraco l Network and
LA
schedul e is, at least in appearance,
0900- 0200; neverthel ess, transmission
times are most irregular, according
voz DE YOPAL
YO PAL - CA SANARE
to reports from Yimber Gaviria in
Telefono 58254
Popayan. Yopal is Capital of the
Intendencia de Casanare in the Llanos
(p la i ns) . The town is surrounded by virgin cloud forest , be i ng possible to visit many fine
waterfalls all around. It's a smal l and quiet place, ideal for resting; there are many
European residents in the area, particularly German.

NOTICIERO ~

_R
__a_..di_·_o_M
__a_c_~_t.re
_ na _ _~
Villavicencio

£studios: Calle 38 No. 32-41 . Piso 7o .• Ap. Aereo 2484

TelMonos: Estudio 27247 - 24889

1080 KC. ONDA LARGA • EMISORA DEL C\RCUITO TODELAR • 5975 KC. BANDA 49 MTS .

VILLAVICENCIO : Several we! I- know stations operate from here, i.e. La Voz de] Llano (6115. 8
kHz, 8 kW, at 0900- 0500 weekdays, 24 hours weekends), Radio Macarena (on 5975v kHz, with 5
kW, at 0900 - 0500, recently reported during local morning), Radio La Voz de los Centauros
VOZ DE LOS "BllTAnDOS (5955v kHz, with 5 kW, at 0900 - 0500, Caracol Network),
" UR and Radio Ondas del Meta (4884.9 kHz, with 5 kW, at
La Emioora del Llano en Colombia 0900- 0300v). About 110 km from Bogota, Vi I lavicencio is
Capita] of Meta Department, and I ies at the foot of the
FILIAL DE eastern slopes of the eastern Cordillera. Population is
175,000 (1990 census). It is at 498 m.a.s. I., and it's an
ideal starting point for visiting the Llanos . Cattle
raising is the main income, there are several small towns
around Villavicencio wh ere you will be able to observe
the activities of Colombian "Llaneros" (a local vers ion
of American Cowboys or Argentine Gauchos). A rich town,
VILLAVICENCIO it deserves a visit.

Originally appeared in "Pampas DXing" No.42 (October 1990) (via RNM No.162). Reproduced with
a permission of Julian Anderson.

5535 KHZ
Lafrecue11cia musical cristiana

Por toda la tlerra sall6 su voz y hasta el extremo del mundo, sus palabras
AA. 6447 MEDELLIN·ANTIOOUIA ·COLOMBIA
DUENO·GERENTE: ARNULFO VILLADA A.
 -147-
A DX - TOUR OVER THE VENEZUELAN DIAL
by Julian Anderson

(All Times in UTC)

BARCEUJNA : Radio Anzoategui is a future plan from this

town, broadcasting on 6020 kHz with 10 kW, schedule is
sti 11 unknown. Barcelona is Capita! of Anzoategui
State, its population is 70,000. Built on the west bank
of the Neveri River, 5 km inland from the sea. A
prosperous town in the past, it has been surpassed
commercially by Puerto La Cruz, 22 km away. If wi 11 ing
to have a sea- bath then you may go to La Lecher ia, a
nice resort located just a few km from town. Start of radio anzodtegui
transmissions is planned for 1992.

QSL
RADIO BARIHAS : Radio Continental broadcasts from this
city, on 4940v kHz with 10 kW, at 0900- 0400. Barinas
is Capital of the State with the same name, which is
an oil rich area; cattle-raising is the other main
activity. It is a good starting point for a visit to
the Venezuelan "Llanos" (plains) where, if you like
fishing, you will find many rivers with a great
variety of fish good to eat. A progressive town,
CONTINENTAL population is about 70,000 (1990 census) .
BARIHAS · VENEZUELA

CARACAS : Many stations operate from the Nation's Capital,

ra o
ffl
des pite just a few being active nowadays on shortwave. Thes e
stations are Radio Libertador (on 3245 kHz, quite irregular),
Radio Capital (4850 kHz, inactive), Radio Rumbos (active, on
4970 kHz with 10 kW, at 0900- 0400/0500, and on 9660 kHz, also
with 10 kW, same schedule), Radio Nacional (inactive on 5020
run, os
kHz, active on 9540 kHz, with 30 kW, at 0000- 0330, in several
languages), and Radio Mundial (5050 kHz, inactive).
Founded in 1567, it I ies at 960 m. a. s. I. (metres above sea
level); population is
4, 000, 000. Caracas' port,
La Guaira, may be reach ed
by road through a I ow
pass in the mountains (1040m). Caracas is a city full
~pital of contrasts. With the highest grow ing rate in Latin
America since World WarD, its typical Colonial
architecture has given way to impressive skysc rapers.
Thanks to a I ti tude, temperature are
moderate, a maximum 32° C in July/ August,
and a minimum 9°C in January/ February.
There are many points of interest, in and
around the city, i.e. the Pante6n Nacional,
whe re the rests of Bolivar (Latin America's
most famous hero) I ie. Many monuments,
museums, chur ches, and other places may be
visited; if looking for some fun, modern
Caracas off ers a large variety of
entertarnrng cen tres. Caracas is an
excel lent starting-point for visiting
Venezuela, as there are many bus and plane
companies reaching any point in the
country. RADIO NACIONAL DE VENEZUELA
Banda de 31 mt. frecuencia de 9.540 Khz.
-148-

CIUDAD BOLIVAR: Radio Mundial Bolivar used to broadcast on 4770 kHz from this place - it is
nowadays inactive. Located on the south bank of the Orinoco River, 400 km from its delta and
640 km from Caracas. Average temperature is high; 29°C! Population is 120,000; it still has a
number of colonial buildings, but as it is an important trading centre, development is
changing its appearance fast.
It receives products being brought by boat via the Orinoco: gold, diamonds, and many
agricultural goods. It is a busy place, with a constant movement of river - crafts. You may
walk along the river bank; if you enjoy fishing, this place will prove to be a Paradise!

MARACAIBO : From Maracaibo you may log to Radio Mara (3275. 1

kHz, 1 kW, at 1000-0400) or Radio Maracaibo (4859. 9 kHz, 1 kW,
reported irregular at 0900-0100). BPing located in an area
where average annua 1 temperature i, higher than anywhere e I se
in Latin America, Maracaibo is surrounded by extremely - humid
and windless lowlands; the city is built on the northwest shore
of Lake Maracaibo, and it is Capital of the State of Zulia. It
is Venezuela's oi 1-capi ta!, 70 to 75% of the Nation's output
comes from this area. It is also the country's second largest city. The climate is very hot,
but healthy, being the hottest months July and August. The city is divided in two
we! 1-defini te zones: one of colonial aspect (close to the docks) and another modern, which
was built under the influence of petro- dollars.
A visit to the oi I- fields may be quite interesting; a permission should be requested
beforehand. There are many boat-services crossing the lake, you may take these for a visit to
the many oil - towns, which are all around th e shores.

MERIDA : From Merida you may log to Radio Los Andes-1040 (6010 kHz, 1 kW, 1200- 0800), an
impossible dream for me here in Argentina, as Radio Inconfidencia from Belo Horizonte,
broadcasting 24 hours daily is always blocking the frequency. Merida is 173 km from Valera or
674 km from Caracas, and is capital of Merida State.
Founded 1558, it lies at 1640 m.a.s.l., which helps for a mild climate,

V.
mean temperature 19°C. Pico Bolivar (Venezuela's highest mountain,
5007m) may be seen from the city. It still retains many fine colonial
buildings, in contrast with ultra-modern skyscrapers. Population is RADIO
130,000, of which about 25,000 are students, as there are several fine OS ANDES
universities, being the main one the Universidad de Los Andes. You may
take the world's highest cable railway, which goes up to Pico Espejo'----- - - - - ~
(4765m high). From there you may see the glacier at Pico Bolivar and many fine views of other
beautiful mountains, i . e. Picos Humboldt and Bonpland. There are many touristic resorts al I
around Merida, all well - worth a visit. A fri end, Juan Gomez, was visiting Venezuela at the
beginning of 1991, and he told me he found this city to be the most pleasant of all those
visited. Juan (he is not a DXer) brought me many fine booklets, from which I extracted the
information we are now reading. Gracias, Juan!

SAN ANTONIO : Radio Frontera operates from this town, on 4761.1 kHz, with 1 kW around
1000- 0200v. It is a frontier town, connected by an international bridge, to Cucuta
(Colombia), population is about 29,000 (1990 census). It is an active trading centre, as many
trucks being merchandise to
and from Colombia. Not a
safe place, as there are \'1\~\ \)
continuous police- raids
looking for smugglers and
drug- traffickers.
~ar/10 T·1-~o!f(ek~
/ LA ~UTENTICA EMISORA INTERtCIONAL DE VENEZUELl /
 - 149-
SAN CRISTOBAL Two well - known
stations broadcast from this city,
one being Radio Tachira (on 4830 kHz,
with 10 kW, at 0900 - 0400, irregularly
24 hours), the other be ing Radio Ecos
de! Torbes (4980 kHz, 10 kW,
Jt,.,t1111 00009-10 • ◄ 30014•15 • Apartodt It. J7 • San CrhlOtl, [do. T6thl11 • C6dlt• P11lcll SOD
0900- 0400, irrgularly 24 hours, and
on 9640 kHz, reported at 2200-0200 in paralle l to 4980 kHz).
Capital of Tachira State, it stands at 830 m. a.s. l. on a plateau, 55 km from the Colombian
border. Population is 170,000, mean temperature i s 23•c. The city is built on three l eve ls:
the lowest along banks of the Torbes River, the second is 200 m higher - a nd 5•c coo l er ! This
l eve l, and another a litt le bit higher to the south, are the 'residential a r eas '. The city
was founded in 1561, and sti ll keeps a certain colonial appearance. It is a busy trading
centre too, not only becaus e of goods being brought/sent from/to Colombia, but for boats
coming up the Torbes Rive r.

'.:,>:· :1, :. :, .i,~AA•.· :. -.· ·.. .:_

._.. ·_
, _. , _. . ._.-· . .:-- ':\ . :- . . _· .
~ '• . .: .. . .
. ,. ··:·· . . •,

CALLE Q No. 8 ·1 0 TELEFONOS: -4312 ◄◄ ·

43 55 75 • ◄ 31Q5 !S CABLE, TELE GRAFO Y RAOJO:
SAN CRISTOBAL • EDO. TACHIRA, 5001 APTO O, 152 • TELEX 76227 ECOTORBE •E COSTORB E S •

TOVAR: 96 km beyond Merida, you will reach Tovar, from where Radio Occidente (3325 kHz, with
1 kW, at 1000- 0400) broadcasts on a most irregular basis; t here are no recent reports, so it

-I
is supposed to be inact iv e. Population is 20,000 ; a nice and pleasant town, fr om where you
may start many a climbing to the ~ - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - -- ~

~
surrounding mountains. Sights are an
excell ent, and, despite there are
,o< «>od rn~s i, <ho"'°' ,oocl>i,g
the place 1t snot too d1ff1cult.
I~ f c y ~ ~

VALENCIA: La Voz de .Carabobo, inactive nowadays , used to be an easy catc h, on 4780 kHz, with
1 kW, at 0900- 0400. It is capital of Carabobo State, populat i on is 500,000 . It stand s on the
west bank of the Cabriales River, it ends at lake Val encia, which is c l ose to the city. It is
Venezuela's third city in importance, it i s a centr e of a well - deve loped agricultura l region,
and the most industrial ized place in the country. Altitude is 490 m.a.s. 1., temperature being
moderate, with an an nual average of 24•c. There are many points of
inter est; the centre of Valencia, bes ides many fi ne examples of
mode rn architecture, sti ll keeps wel l - kept colonia l buildings.
Puerto Cabello is the city's po r t, 55 km by modern highway; it is
a large industrial centre itse lf,
and the second most important
l/\ v/Joz.
DE ~/\Q/\8080 Ven ezue lan port.
VALERA : From Val era you may Jog to Radi o Val era,
broadcasts on 4840 kHz, with 1 kW, at 0900- 0300 /0400.
It is the most i mportant town in the State of Truj i ll o,
population is 69,000; it is also important commercia l
centre, as there they concentrate all the goods being
brought from many smal !er towns in the Sierra Nevada
area. You may visit many points of interest at the
Sierra Nevada (Snow-covered mounta ins) having the town
as a starting-point.

Original Jy appeared in "Pampas DXing" No. 43 (November

1991) (via RNM No. 163). Reproduced with a permi ss ion of
Julian Anderson.
 - 150 -
IBE INFLUENCE OF LOCAL LANGUAGES OF PERUVIAN RADIO SCENE
by Julian Anderson

ABANCAY : R.Abancay, Abancay; 4941. 7 kHz/ 0.25 kW. Inactive at present. From Quechua:
"Azucena" (white lily), a kind of flower, common in this area, and one of the favourites of
the inca noblesse ; the city itself is located 2,380 m.a.s. l. (metres above sea level), and
posesses about 17,000 inhabitants. It is 198 km west of Cusco, in the Apurimac Department.
It's a land of immense mountains, and deep abysses; this land was previously inhabited by the
"Chancas", a warriors tribe, which was defeated by the inca conquerors. The c ity is at the
feet of the Ampay peak, whi ch is 5,228m high.

ACARI : R.Acari, Acari; 6304.5 kHz/ l kW. Active. From Quechua "Lenguaje Humano" (human
language). It's located in Caraveli Province, Arequipa Dept.; it is a small town located at
2,346 m.a.s. l., its population works in a nearby coal mine, it i s a completely dry and arid
area; R. Acari is an "emisora minera" (mining station), and its programming is regularly
beamed to miners, entertaini ng programmes basically. It can be easily heard in Buenos Aires.

ANCASH: R.Ancash, Huaraz; 4990. 7 kHz/

3 kW. Active. From Quechua: "Ancas"
(that's to say, 'azul' - blue), and
"Huaras" (that' s to say, 'pan talon
corto de boca ancha - short trousers of
wide opening'), making reference to the
blue of the skies and waters of the
many Andean lakes, and to typical
native clothes. Huaraz, located at
3,050 m.a.s.l., posesses 45,000 inhabitants, and it's Peru's Andinists capital , as it is
located in the world- famous 'Callej6n de Huaylas'; Huaraz is between two fabulous
cordilleras, the 'negra' (black) and 'blanca' (white) , and it is surrounded by big and
beautiful glaciers. It is located in one of Peru's most beautiful touristical areas. Very
easy to log here in Buenos Aires.

RADIO ANDAHUAYLAS $. A. ANDAHUAYLAS : R.Andahuaylas, Andahuaylas;

4840. 0 kHz / 2 kW. Active. From Quechua:
L. T. 9501487-Rcg. Ventas 2-010 "De primorosos prados" (of lovely lawns).
Located in the Apur i mac Dept. , it is
Jiren A:v:1carho N:o. Z ➔S-Andahiiaylas • Apurimac 2,980 m. a. s. 1. and has a population of
less than 7,000. It is a typical Peruvian
mountain city, with cold weather. It's a kind of oas is in the middl e of an arid and hard
area. Communications are difficult, roads are very bad. You' 11 find thermal waters and
picturesque littl e towns in the envir ons. The city itself isn't very attractive.

AREQUIPA : R.Arequipa, Arequipa; 5950v kHz/ 1 kW. Active. From Quechua: "Ari - Queoay" (Si,
quedaos - Yes, stay) and probably from Aymara, too: "Ari - Qquepan ", which means "Trompeta
resonante"(resounding trumpet) - Thank you Emilio P. Povrzen ic and Henrik Klemetz. A
beautiful city, Arequipa is 2,329 m.a.s. 1. and has about 500,000 inhabitants (about a million
if you take consideration its surroundings). Its second name is 'Ciudad Blanca del Peru'
(Peru's white city), as a great part of their buildings, ancient and modern, are built with
'sillar', a white-porous-volcanic
rock, which comes from the
volcanoes that surround this town: JL\DIO ~AREQ_UIPA S. ~
they're the Misti (5,822m), OAX 6A
~ f/
Chachani (6, 075m), and the Picchu -
OBX - 6 B
Picchu (5,571m). It is a real oasis Onda Corta ---..__ Onda Media
in the cruel southern Peruvian 5950 Kc/s 1050 Kc/s
desert; it is known by its "eternal
spring" weather: 360 sunny days per Estudios:
"' Plonta Transmisora:
year!!! I strongly recommend this Palacio Viejo No. 401 Vorianle Uchumayo Km. 4
city for visiting: you will not be Apartada No. 657 Telefono 219 3 3
disappointed. Telefona 2 3 2 2 4 AREQUIPA • PERU
 -151-

OAX 2W ONDA LARGA 850 KC.

RADIO ATAHUALPA 5. A.
Jr . Lima 1004 -Cajamarca. Peru

ATAHUALPA : R.Atahualpa, Cajamarca (see Cajamarca); 4820.8 kHz/ 1 kW. Active. Atahualpa was
the last ruler of the Inca Empire of Peru before its seizure by the forces of the Spanish
Conqueror Francisco Pizarro. He obtained this title by depossing his brother, the Inca
Huascar; and later. denied accepting Christianity or acknowledge the Spanish King as his
overlord, he was taken prisoner by Pizarro. When Huascar was killed, Spaniards accused
Atahualpa of being an accompli ce in the crime and had him executed .

AYACUCHO : R.I.a Voz de Huamanga, Ayacucho; 6201v kHz / 2 kW. Active. From Quechua:
"Ayacucho", "Rincon de Muertos" (corner of the dead), and "Huamanga", "Hartate, Gavilan"
(fill up, sparrow hawk!). The name of t he c ity and
RADIO LA VOZ DE province make obvious reference to a great massacre that
HUAMANGA took place in this area, when the Inca Viracocha killed
almost all the 'Pocras' people, for resisting the
OAX-5T 620 K.c. authority of the Inca Empire. Then, the name comes from
OAX-5U 6,070 K.c. the many deads that were devoured by the gavilanes,
typical birds of prey in this area. The city itself is
AYACUCHO located at 2, 750 m. a. s. I., and it has abo ut 70,000
inhabitants. It is also named 'La Sevilla Peruana' and
Pasaje El Nazareno 138 cities ' The City of the Churches', and it is one of the Peruvian
that have preserved best its colonial atmosphere.
Telf. 2366
AYAVIRI : R.Ayaviri, Ayaviri; 4606. 5 kHz / 1 kW. Active. From Quechua: "Embalsamadores"
(embalmers). Its name comes from a very well known embalming centre exist i ng in the area
during Inca times, when members of the Inca noblesse were embalmed (their bodies were sent
from Cusco). The city itself is at 3,295 m.a.s.1. and it has about 13,000 inhabitants; it
isn't very attractive and it's located on the Puno- Cusco railway road. R.Ayaviri's slogan,
"I.a Voz de Melgar" comes from Mariano Melgar, who was a revolutionary hero born in that town.

BAIIBAIIARCA : R.Onda Popular, Bambamarca; 5186.8 kHz/ 0.5 kW. Active. From Quechua: "Pueblo
en llanura" (town on the plain). 2,600 m. a. s.l. , with 6,000 inhabitants, it is a picturesque
Andean town, 116 km from Cajamarca city. It is very near the beautiful Hua lgayoc
archaeological ruins.

CAJAIIARCA: R.Inca, Banos del Inca, Cajamarca; 4238.1 kHz/ 0.5 kW.
Active. (Banos is one of Cajamarca' s neighbourhoods, very close to
the city). From Quechua: "Pueblo Helado" (frozen town). As a matter
of fact, Cajamarca is a 'cold' town: at 2,750 m.a.s. l., and with
75,000 inhabitants, it is one of the Peruvian towns that have best
kept its colonial air. Here Pizarro ambushed and captured Atahualpa
(see Atahualpa). The surrounding countryside is splendid, being the
city itself most attractive, with many points of interest, such as AM.1510- OC.4238 KHZ.
churches, museums, and nearby archaeological sites. I strongly
r ecommend this city, it deserves a visit.
AV, MANCO CAPAC 275 APARTAOO POSTAl. ~18
When visiting the same, I noticed besides
touristical aspects, friendly people and BANOS DEl. INCA - CAJAMARCA
a nice and clean town.
Tele. 57 c.silla Post~l 418
, - ~ - - - - - - - - - -.. CALCA : R.llunicipal, Calca; 6242v kHz / 0. 2 kW. Active? From
Jl,a,d/d' Quechua: "Guijarro" (pebble) . Its name comes from the road to
this town: still nowadays surrounding mountains are
MUNICIP"l C"LCIJ
H H
particularly inclined to landslides. A nice town, at 2,926
m.a.s. l., with a population of 7,000. It is at the foot of
the Sah uasiray Peak (5,800 meters high). 50 km north of Cusco
city. Roads are bad, so it's not an easy-to- reach town.
 - 152 -
CANGALLO : R.Kunicipal, Cangallo; 5050.1 kHz / 0. 5 kW. Active? From Quechua: "Solo came
asada" (roasted meat only); 99 km from Ayacucho, at 2, 760 m. a. s. l., and with a population of
3,000, Cangal lo is a typical poor Andean town. Nevertheless, the city keeps some interesting
colonia l buildings; nearly all the people in the city and surroundings are known as
'Morochucos': they are of Spanish descendants and the primitive inhabitants of that area, the
Chancas.

CHACHAPOYAS R.Nor Peruana, Chachapoyas;

9655v kHz / 1 kW. Active? From Quechua: "Nube
de gente" ( in the sense of a crowd of people).
Located at 2, 300 m.a.s. I., and of 15,000
inhabitants, it is a nice and friendly town.
The road to the town is poor, scenery is CORPORACION DEPARTAMENTAL DE
magni ficent, flora and fauna spectacular. DESARROLLO DE AMAZONAS
There are abundant archaeological sites in the
area, such as beautiful and untouched TELEF. No. 3
Vi lcabamba. TELEX. No. 42948PE
CHACHAPOYAS
CHOTA : R.Chota, Chota; 6295v kHz / 1 kW. Active. From Quechua : "Estirar" (to stretch). Chota
is a ni ce And ean town, at 2,380 m.a.s.l. and 148 km from Cajamarca city. Its population is of
about 9,000, in a very pleasant valley surrounded by beautiful hills. Road for reaching there
isn't very good, but mountainous scenery is breathtaking.

CONTUKAZA : R. Pajaten, Contumaza; 4495v kHz / ? kW. Active. From Quechua: "Traido del Oeste
para emparejar" (brought from the west to make even). A very small but pleasant Andean town,
at 2, 700 m. a. s. I., 143 km from Cajamarca. It has about 3,000 inhabitants, main source of
living is trading mer chandise brought by peasants from the neighbouring valleys.

0..-\.X. - 7A - 6 I 95 Kc. O.A.X. - 7G - 1470 Jk

Telefono 2544 CUZCO Saphi 60 I PERU Casilla 2:j I

COSCO : R.Cusco, Cusco; 6191. 7 kHz / 1 kW. Active. (NOTE: COSCO is the correct spelling -
instead of Cuzco - officially adopted by the Peruvian Government). From Quechua : "Ombligo"
(navel). Cusco was the Capital of the Inca Empire - its 'navel'; the Empire was divided into
4 main regions, the 'Suyos': Chinchaysuyo, Contisuyo, Qollasuyo and Antisuyo. The city itself
is absolutely unique. Standing at 3,500 m.a.s.l. and with 150,000 inhabitants (mostly Indian)
it is remarkable for its many colonial churches,
;;iii'•~ monasteries and convents, and for its extensive Inca
ruins, and museums. Almost every central street has
remains of Incaic walls, arches and doorways; many of
them are probably unequal led in the wor Id, due to the
perfection of stone work. Having visited this
breathtaking city, it is unnecesary to say that I
strongly recommend you a visit to it!

CUTERVO : La Voz de Cutervo, Cutervo; 5660.6 kHz/ 0.5

kW. Active. From Quechua: "Volveremos" (we' II come
back). At 2,450 m.a.s.l. and with a population of
8,000, Cutervo is a very nice Andean town, placed near
Cutervo's National Park, where flora and fauna are
protected. It is 210 km from Cajamarca. Its name,
Cutervo (we' II come back) comes from a phrase told by
an Inca war lord, when defeated by the locals: before
retiring, he shouted "Cutervo" to his enemies (a kind
of Inca McArthur, hi!), which in fact he did,
massacring all the local population with a new and most
power fu I army.
 -153-
HUA!!ACHUCO : R.Los Andes, Huamachuco; 5030.5
RADIO " LOS AN DES N f. l. R. Ltda.kHz / 5 kW. Active. From Quechua: "Sombrero
0 AZ 2 A 5030 nuevo" (new hat). A nice Andean colonial town,
Banda de 60 Metros A. M. at 3,310 m.a.s. I. and with a population of
JR. BOLIVAR 529-OF. 201 9,000, Huamachuco is 180 km from Trujillo. The
HUAMACHlJCO PERU. town has a huge 'Plaza de Armas' and many
beautiful bui !dings; there is a colourful
Sunday Market where peasants from neighbouring valleys come to sel I their handicrafts. Close
to same, you may visit the extensive of a hill top pre- Inca fortress, Marcahuamachuco.

HUANCABAMBA : R.Sensaci6n, Huancabamba; 6895.2 kHz / ? kW. Active. From Quechua: "Llanura
empedrada" (stoney plain). It is a very pretty town in a wonderful setting: at 1,953 m. a. s. I.
and with 7,000 inhabitants, it is 197 km from Piura. It is remarkable due to some facts: the
town produces the best cheese in Peru; women are most beautiful (let's go there, folks!), and
it has a particular atmosphere, thanks to many colonial buildings from Spanish times. Besides
this, it is the base for reaching Las Huaringas, a series of lakes at about 4,000 meters
(breathtaking scenery). As a cu ri osity, in and around the town is where the most famous
witchdoctors 10 Peru live, to whom sick people from all over the country and abroad flock.

HUANCAVELICA R.Huancavelica, Huancavelica; 4885.3

kHz / 1 kW. Active. From Quechua: "Idolo de piedra" RADIO HUANCA VELICA
(stone idol). Its name comes from a huge stone idol
from a temple during pre-Inca times. It was destroyed OAX-5M 1,580 K.c.
by the Spaniards during times of conquest. Standing at OAX-5X 4,885 K.c.
3,680 m. a. s. I. and with 21,000 inhabitants, it is
predominantly an indian town, and a major centre for HUANCAVELICA
mining having several magnificent churches and
colonial buildings. Bisecting the town is the
Huancavel ica river; Sunday markets are very colourful, Virrey Toledo 468
being considered as one of the best in Peru. Telf. 2740
HUANCAYO : R.Huancayo, Huancayo; 5955v kHz/
1 kW. Active. From Quechua: "Poseedor de
Idolo" (idol owner). Standing at 3,270
m. a. s. I. and with 360,000 inhabitants,
Huancayo is an old market town and
commercial centre for central Peru. Its
Feria Dominica! (Sunday Market) is the
largest in the whole of the country; Indians
flock in from far and wide with an
incredible range of food and all types of
handicrafts. It is a nic e and clean city,
surrounded by beautiful hills and splendid
and fertile countryside, thanks to the
Mantaro river. Many touristical points of
interest are located close to the city and
in nearby places in the Mantaro Valley.
Having visited this city as well, it can be
said that a visit is strongly suggested.

HUANTA: R.Huanta 2000, Huanta; 4752.6 kHz/ 0.5 kW. Active. From Quechua: "Litera" (litter).
At 2,660 m.a.s.l. and with a population of 12,000, it is 48 km from Ayacucho city. It's
pleasant Andean town, with many well-kept colonial buildings; surroundings are very nice,
with several lagoons and places to visit. Unfortunately, Sendero Luminoso's guerrillas are
active in the area so it's not a very safe place.

e/?atJio (!)n8as Bet @f}t,uatta9a @5. @A.

OAX 3N 1350 KHZ y O A X 3Q 3,330 KHZ
OPIC!NA: JIRON HUANUCO 6ll - TBLEF'ONO 2428 - APARTADC 343
 -154-
HUANUCO : R.Ondas del Huallaga, Huanuco; 3330.5 kHz / 5 kW. Active. From Quechua: Huanuco
('guanaco', a typical Andean cattle animal), and Huallaga ('que desciende de las cordille ras'
- that comes down from the hills). Huanuco is 1,900 m. a. s. I. and has 80,000 inhabitants; it
is an attractive Andean town on the Opper Huallaga river; its inhabitants live from the sugar
and rum industry. The town itself is nice and we! I kept, very close are the Kotosh ruins,
with the Te mple of Crossed Hands, the earliest evidence of a complex society and of pottery
in Peru, dating way back to 2,000 B.C.

HUARAZ : (See Ancash).

HUAYLLAY : R.Huayllay,
Flores ta" (covered with
very small; it is 45 km
existing several active
points of interest.
Huayllay; 6140v kHz / l kW. Active. From Quechua: "Cubierto de
forest). This town, one of the highest in Peru (4,335 m. a. s. I.), is
from Cerro de Pasco. Nearly all its activities are based on mrnrng,
mines in that area. The city itself isn't attractive, and lacks

IQUITOS : R.Eco, Iquitos; 5097.2 kHz / l kW. Active. From

Quechua: "Lagun i I la rebanada" (s I iced smal I lagoon). I ts
name makes reference to a nice, little lagoon (Quistacocha)
close to the city. Placed in the middle of the Peruvian
jungle at 106 m. a. s. I., with 175,000 inhabitants, it is a
fast developing city on the west bank of the Amazon,
completely isolated, except by air and river. Some 800 km
downstream from Pucallpa and 3,200 km from the mouth of the
Amazon, it ha s recently taken a new lease of I ife as the
centre for oil exploration in the Peruvian Amazonia. Visits
to the surrounding jungle can be really interesting and
breathtaking.

JULIACA : R.El Sol de los Andes, Juliaca; 3230. 2 kHz / 0. 5 kW. Active. From Quechua:
"Picaflor" (humming bird). 289 km east of Arequipa, at 3,825 m.a.s.l., has a population of
100,000 (mostly Indian). It is a cold and small interesting town near Titicaca Lake. Its main
activity is wool and alpaca fleeces which are sold at different markets; Juliaca is modern,
so touristical points of interest are around the city and not inside it.

LIMA : R. Union, Lima; 6115v kHz / 10 kW. Active. From Quechua: "Rimac" ("El que habla" - The
one who speaks). Its name makes reference to an old oracle exis ting in that area in Inca
times. Capital of Peru, it is built on both sides of the ~ - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~
Rimac river; it was the chief city of Spanish South
America, from its founding in 1535 unti I the early 19th
century. From among the traditional bui !dings and
dwellings which still survive, many tall skyscrapers
._.~~~I~
l¥JI n·,on
soar, which have changed the old sky! ine turning it out
of recognition. The metropolitan area has 5, 000, 000 ONDA MEDIA OBZ-4-N 880 Kcs. 50 &ml
inhabitants, nearly 30% of the co untry's total ONDA CORT A OBZ-4-0 6.115 Kcs.
population, and two- thirds of its industries. Only 12° (Banda de 49 m.)
south of the Equator, one would expect a tropical FRECUENCIA MODULADA STEREO
climate, but from June to at least October the skies are 103.1 Mes.
grey; it feels as if having a chi I ly and a damp drizzle
or Scottish mist, not unusual. The city itself has become
dirty and unsafe; nevertheless, when I was there, I co uld RADIO UNION Y TELEVISION S. A.
notice many points of interest; co lonial buildings, /1.v. Abancay )77 - 410. Piso - Ttlh, 288280 · 289!ill
Ap1do. 620S
churches and museum s well worth a visit; modern Lima is LIMA- PERU
of course quite interest ing, too.
SUD-AMERICA

LIRCAY : R. Lircay, Lircay; 5059. Ov kHz / l kW. From Quechua: "Camina!" (walk). A very
beautiful town, at 3,270 m. a. s. I. and with a population of 3,000; surrounded by beautiful
'nevados' (snow capped mountains), it is known as 'La ciudad de las rosas y de las guindas'
(The city of roses and berries). It is 76 km from Huancavelica, and surroundings are most
magnificent; mountain s scenery is excellent and close to the city are interesting and
picturesque towns and Incaic and Pre- Incaic ruins.
 -155-
MOYOBAIIBA : R.Estaci6n C, Moyobamba; 6324v kHz / 0. 8
kW. Active. From Quechua: "Llanura Circular" (circular
plain). It is 860 m. a.s .l. and has a populati on of
14,000; a nice Andean town, it is particularly
isolated as roads in the area are very bad; best way
to reach t he town is from Ri oja, wh ich is a hard way
but pos itively breathtaking; jungle and 'sierra' views
we ll worth the trip. The town itse lf is attractive and
progressive.

OXAPAMPA : La Voz de Oxapampa, Oxapampa; 3260. 1 kHz /

2.5 kW. Active. From Quechua: "Llanura Fertil"
(ferti l e plain) . It is a fertile plain on the
Huancabamba river, a tributary of the Ucayali .
Population: 6,000; a l titude: 1, 790 m. a. s. I. Main local
industries ar e logging, coffee, and catt le. Area is
most progressive; a third of the inhabitants are
descendants of a German- Austrian community which
settled in 1859. There is much livestock farming and
coffee is planted on la nd c leared by the timber trade.
It i s 365 km from Lima.

~
,_-:.• ~ b_.J:- PA!IPAS : R. Pampas, Pampas; 4855v kHz / l
~ ~i - - ~ kW. Active . From Quechua: "Llanura"
.' lA vaz de OXAPAMPA E-LR. ltd a. (pla in ). It is 152 km from Huancavelica, at
3,270 ~a.s. I. and wi t h a population of
4,000. It is a nice town in a rough and
Ooda Media 1320 • Ooda Tropical 3260 cold area. Mining and cattle ring are main
Banda de 90 Metroo sources of work; close to the city is San
Pedro de Gori s therma l water, discovered by
Gerenle General: Pascual Villafranca Guzman the Italian exp lorer A. Raimondi .

PASCO R.Altura, Cerro de Pasco;

3339. 5 kHz / 1 kW. Active. From
Jnmpns
Quechua: "Donde se desata" (where it SU RADIO NUEVA
unties). Its name mak es reference to Jir6n Grau :No. 224 - Pampas Tayaoaja
the place where the c ity is built: it
is a place where seve ra l mounta in Departamento de Buanoavelioa • Peru
chains encounter (so mountain- nudes Sud America
are untied) , at 4,440 m. a. s. I. and 0 BX 5 P EN 4,855 KILOHERTZ
with a population of 30,000, it is a
Jong- es tab! ished mining centre, 130 km Banda de 60 Metros - Onda Corta • B Dnda Tropical
from La Oroya. It is not a pl easant town; nights are bitterly cold. Copper, zinc, l ead, gold
and silver ar e extracted he re; Goyllarisquisga, c l ose to the town, is the highest coa l mine
in the world. It is one of the most inh osp i tab l e area on the And es !.

OAX • 8B I KW. 1300 KHZ

RADIO NUEVO MUNDO DE PUCALLPA S.A.

9 DE DICIEMBRE 642 - TELEFON OS 6415 . 646 8

PUCALLPA : R.Nuevo Mundo, Pucallpa; 4881. 7 kHz / 0. 25 kW. Active. From Pre- Incaic language:
"Tierra roja" ( r ed land). Its name comes from the co l ou r of earth, typica l of t his area: a
dark red. A rapidly expanding jungle town , it is on the Ucaya li river; population has
increased to about 90,000, it i s 200 m. a. s. I. The newer sectio n have paved streets, sewers
and l ights, but much of t he frontier town atmospher e stil l exists . Th e economy of t he area is
growi ng fast; sawmill s, plywood factories, oil refineries, etc. It is 84 7 km northeast of
Lima, 286 km from Tingo Maria.
- 156 -
fl!!!.Q : R. Onda Azul, Puno; 4800. 6 kHz / 2 kW. Active.
From Quechua : "Tierra alta y frigida" (high and cold
land). At 3,855 m.a. s. l. and with a population of
40,000, it is on the southwest shore of Lake Titicaca;
it has an interesting main square and several nice
buildings and churches; the austere cathedral was built
in 1754. Puno gets bitterly cold at night: in
June-August the temperature at night can fall to -25
degrees Celsius! It has a huge university (20% of the
town's population are students). A very in te resting and
'exotic' place, thanks to the presence of Lake
Titicaca. Many interesting archaeological sites and
beautiful landscapes; local market is one of the best
places in Peru for llama and alpaca wool articles.

QUILLABAMBA : R.Quillabamba, Quillabamba; 5024.9 kHz/

0. 5 kW. Active From Quechua: "Llanura de la luna"
(moon's plain). A very nice and attractive Andean town
in the Urubamba valley, at 1,050 m.a.s.l. and with a
population of 24,000. Lots of colourful plants are
growing all over; the main plaza is especially well
decorated. Not many attractions for the tourist, but an
excel lent place to rest, bask in the sun or take a swim
in beautiful Urubamba river.
C AFES SU AVES DE SATIPO EXELENCIA EH CALIDAD
COOPERATIVA AGRARIA CAFETALERA ''SATIPO'' LTDA.
0/icina Principal Av. Manuel Prado 459 Satipo. Telefono No, 30
Casilla Correo 77 • Direccion Te/egrci/ica "COSAT"
<G~IMJ(C©~
lftADIIO
Sacarsal en Lima Av. Alfonso Ugarte 1855 -Telefono 362401 QUIIJLlLAlBAMll.A.
Allara Km, 10 Carrelera Central - Santa Clara - Ale, Vilarle
PEKU
SATIPO R. Cooperativa, Satipo; 4785 kHz / 1 kW . Active. From
local language: "Embutido" (inlaid work, or maybe sausage).
Satipo is a jungle town, at 775 m.a.s.l. and with 6,000
inhabitan ts. It is 298 km from La Oroya, 133 km from La Merced.
Roads are very bad in the area; there are many small farms, which
are almost entire ly devoted to coffee and cocoa plantations.

SICUANI : R.Sicuani, Sicuani; 4826.3 kH z/ 7 kW. Active. From Quechua: "Paja Brava" (prickly
straw, describing the typical vegetation existi ng in the area). Located at 3,548 m.a.s. l.,
with 15,000 inhabi tants. It is 250 km from Puno, or 137 km from Cusco. Sicuani is an
important agricultural centre, and one of the most excel lent places for purchasing llama and
alpaca wool - made items; colourful Sunday morning market. Close to town are Uyurmiri mineral
baths, and a beautiful though almost unknown temple named "Templo de Yiracocha", grandiose
ruins with several Inca baths close by.

Ofidna y Estudios: Centro Cfrico ua

Telt!!ooo 137 - Apart. <.5
SICUANI - PERU
Tell!!. de LI.ma 287829

TACNA : R.Tacna, Tacna; 6571/9486-9505 kHz/ 0.2 & 0.5 kW. Active. Tacna comes from Quechua
and means 'mazo' or 'anden' (a club ... a heavy stick used as a weapon). At 568 m.a.s . 1. and
with 45,000 inhabitants, it is an active smuggling centre (goods are brought from Arica, in
Chile); city is backed by the snow- capped peak of Tacora, and it is 42 km from the Chilean
border. An extremely inhospitable desert su rrounds the city; nevertheless, it is being
gradually irrigated as water is brought from the Aricota lagoon, which is 80 km north. Tacna
is one of the worst cities in Peru for thefts; I suffered 3 attempts in one single day during
one of my stays there!
 -157 -

FOIWAD0 EL 28 DE AG OSTO DF. 1940

CASI LLA 370 TACNA - PERU

0 AX 6 H 9 ,505 Khz. Onda Carta Banda de 31.5 Mts, 0.2 Kw.

OAX6M 1,470 Khz . Onda Media Banda de 204 Mts , 1.0 Kw.

TARAPOO'O : R.Estaci6n Tarapoto, Tarapoto; 5015.6 kHz / 0. 7 kW.

Active. From local language (not Quec hua): "pal mera" (palm tree - ... \
Tarapoto's symbo l is a palm tree). Located at 263 m.a.s. I. and with .· • ! .

45,000 inhabitants, it is a busy jungle town, at 122 km from ,,\ I .'l!t,.,'.,

Moyobamba or 134 km fro m Yurimaguas . Roads are almost useless . i
-:-fl"' .. , ../
during rainy season, so agricultural products are usually delivered
during the dry season; Tarapoto is a kind of oasis in the middle of -- 'it\
the "green sea" .

TARMA : R.Tarma, Tarma; 4774.9 kHz/ 1 kW. It

comes fro m Quechua and means 'terco'
(stubborn) . It is at 3,100 m.a.s.l. and has
radio ONOA MEOII mo KIii
ONOA CORIA 1015 KHZ
a population of 38,000; i t' s located at 231
km from Lima, or 57 km from La Oroya. Founded
i n 1545, it's been develop i ng recently, but
TA AA POTO FRECUENCll MOOULAO~
101.3 MIii

it still keeps its colonia l atmosphere and a lot of charm. Clos e to town are Huagapo caves
(Huagapo: 'the mouth that cries', in Quechua) famous from its stalactites and stalagmites .
Surrounding countryside is beautiful; I've been around.

RADIO TARMA S.C.A.L.

LA 0ECANA DE LA PROVINCIA
TeH■ . 2250-2316 Ca ■illa 167 Tarma-Panl

TAYACAJA : R. Cobriza 2000, Tayacaja; 4925v kHz / l kW , Active. Broadcasting from a mining
centr e, Tayacaja comes from Quechua and means "Quebrada de I os Tayas" (Tay as' gorge - or
ravine-; the Tayas were a tribe in Pre- Inca times , now gone). Al I this area is extremely
inhospitable; vegetation is scarce and roads are very bad. The min e is not far from Pampas'
town, which is the province's capital.

TINGO MARIA : R.Tingo Maria, Tingo Mar ia; 4760v kHz /?

kW. (Reported as reactivated some months ago, no recent
reports, thus believed inactive) . From local jungle
language (not Quechua), Tingo means 'union de dos rios'
("the merge of t wo rivers"). Located at 672 m.a.s.l.
and with 22,000 inhabitants, Tingo Maria has become one
of t he main drug- traffic centres in Peru, thus
extremely dangerous due to narco gueri llas activities.
It is at 136 km from Huanuco, or 284 km from Puca 11 pa.
A jungle town, it is isolated for weeks in rainy
season; altitude prevents the climate from being
opres s ive. Dominating the city, there is a mountain
cal l ed "La bella durmiente" (the sleeping beauty) where
(6 km fr om town) the re is the beautiful "Cueva de las
lechuzas" (an unforgettable experience - it may be
visited), there are many kilometers of caves.
Nevertheless, gringos are unwelcomed in the town, due
to aforementioned narco activities.
 - 158-
RADIO "ONDAS DEL TITICACA"
Cia. Radiodifusora "Titicaca" S. A.
OBX 7G . - 1270 KCLS. ONDA MEDIA 236 MTS .
OBX 7H - 4920 KCLS. ONDA CORTA 60.97 MTS .
Arequipa No. 835 - Telefono No. 472 - Apartado No. 03
PUNO PE.KU

TITICACA : R. Ondas del Titicaca, Puno; 4924v kHz / 1 kW. Active. It comes from Quechua and
means "Sierra de p]omo" (lead mountain range), making reference to the colour of hi !ls,
almost without vegetation of any kind. Titicaca lake, the world's highest navigable has a
8,300 km 2 surface, and it is located at 3,800 m.a.s.l., wid est length is 194 km, narrowest
65. Depth is from 20 to 256 meters; there are several s mall and interesting islands, some of
them with well kept monuments of the Tiahuanaco culture. Lots of archaeological sites are
surrounding the lake, most important town on its shores is Puno (see Puno). The Oros are
natives who still I ive in the Totora islands (artificial islands made with Totora, a
bulrush). This Totora is used to bui Id boats, and the Indians get a sweet juice and eat the
roots of plants.

RA a I a 0
0RIENTE" S. C. R. L TOA.
Onda Media OAXBZ 1420 khz. Estudioo: Av. Progreso 112
Onda Carta OAXBI 6190 khz. Yurimaguas • Loreto
Banda de 49 Mis.
'l'eli'. 2156
YURIMAGUAS : R.Oriente, Yurimaguas; 6187.8 kHz/ 3 kW. Active. The name Yurimaguas comes from
t wo old tribes existing in the area before Inca times (now ext inct), the Yuris and the
Omaguas. A jungle town, at 182 m.a.s.l. and with 23,000 inhabitants. It is 134 km from
Tarapoto, also connected by ferry to Iquitos (a 60- hour trip). A pleasant town, it is famous
for exce llent fishing in the Huallaga river.

Originally appeared in "Pampas DXing" No. 20 (September

1989), No.23 (January 1990), No.24 (February 1990),
No.25 (March 1990), No.26 (April 1990) and No.31
(September 1990) (via RNM No.137, 140, 142, 143 and
148) . Reproduced wi t h a permission of Julian Anderson.
Photo of R.Huancayo by Julian Anderson.
Other photos by Takayuki INOUE NOZAKI.
 - 159-

Compiled by Tetsuya HIRAHARA

Illustration: Radio Tupi,

Sao Paulo, Brazil (ex-1040kHz)
 - 160 -
A VISIT TO RADIO CASINO,
RADIO UNA EMISORA CON SABOR A LIMON
CASINO by Tetsuya HIRAHARA
1220 Khz
• Onda Media
5954 Khz
October 12 is the day when Christopher Colombus
OndaCorta
reached the new continent after a long voyage.
98.3 Mhz F.M. Almost al l countries in American continents cele-
brate this day as "Discovery of America", "Races
La mas popular en la zona Day", or "Hispani ty Day". Speaking of Costa Rica,
Atlantica y El Caribe. they celebrate "Races Day", and a "Carnaval del
Musica de impacto, Caribe" is also celebrated around this day in
radioperi6dicos imparciales Limon City, a port town o n the Atlantic coast.
y el deporte al dia I had a good opportunity to participate in this

I58-0029 58-3029 I
Apartado: 287-7300 Lim6n
carnival in 1990. It took some 2.5 hours by bus
to go to Limon from San Jose. There were many
black people in the bus who went back to Li mon
Puer10 Um6n • Costa Rica to take part in the carnival. At first, I was
a little embarrassed to hear them speaking: they
speak a language mixing Spanish and English words . Later I noticed that
this is a "creole ", a typical language in the coastal region. Having experi -
enced such a light cu lture shock, I gradually got accustomed to the atmos-
phere of the Caribbean side of the country. Getting off the bus, I walked
around the main streets of downtown Limon. Streets around the mark et were
lined with various stands, which livened up the atmosphere of the carnival.
Especially beverage stands were worth mentioning: in addition to serving
''cerveza bien fria'' (chilled beer) for a very attractive price ( less than
US 50 ¢), they played loudly their favorite music (sa lsa, reggae, c umbi a,
etc.). Therefore, one could not distinguish one musi c from another, unless
he entered into the stand. They were really in an uproar and excitement.

A little far from t his uproar, there is a 3 storied building at 4th avenue
between 3rd a nd 4th streets. Radio Casino occupies the entire third floor.
The station ce lebrated the 45th anniversary in 1 990. There are several
radio stations estab lishe d before
1945, but al most all of them have
c hanged its name due to c hange of
owners , or other reasons. Radio Casino
has been using the same name since
its foun d ation , therefore, they can
be said to be the oldest radio station
in Costa Rica. Before 1945 when Radio
Cas ino started its service, only
foreign stations or domestic short
wavers like "Alma Tica", or "La Voz
de la Victor" among others, were
heard in Limon . Therefore, when Radio
Casi no wa s established, Limon people
gave a full support without condi-
ti ons. From that time, Limon people
got used to tune into Radio Casino,
and this lealty continues to nowadays.

Now let us h ave a bri ef look at the

early days of the station. Radio
Casino was founded on August 18,
1945 by Francisco Garr6n Salazar,
Zaca rias Taylor Ruiz and Fernando
del Barco Orozco. They started with a
200 watt transmitter, which is sti 11
conserved, with an eagerness to offer
a c lear signal without noise, and
with a flavor of Limon to the listen-
ers in Atlantic region .
 -161-

In 1955 don Luis Grau

Villalobos assumed a
position of station
manager, and afterwards
he bouht the station
with his brother Pedro .
From this date, the
administration has suf-
fered little change.
The reason why Limon
people love Radio Casino
is that the station
puts more emphasis on
''service", rather than
pursuing profit making .
The station offers a
personal message serv-
ice called "serv1c10
social". Also they pro-
vide air time to local
religious organizations
at a very c heap price. Their programs are so stuck to Limon, the station
naturally has obtained a high popularity among listeners.

Radio Casino daily broadcasts at 1000-0600 on the following three channels:

MW 1220kHz to cover the Limon Province and coastal part of Nicaragua and
Panama; FM 98.3MHz to cover the Limon city with a clear sound; and SW 5954kHz
to cover whole national territory. The English segments are aired at 2300-
2400 and 0400-0600. Weekday morning program schedule includes: 1030 AMANECER
LIMONENSE, 1200 VOA news relay, 1230 RADIONOTICIAS CASINO, 1300 PANORAMA
(relay program of CANARA), 1330 religious programs (daily different , English
program on Friday). Sunday morning program is 1200-1430 religious programs
including ''BAHAI" (at 1200) and "CATHOLIC HOUR"(at 13 00) in English.

The popular programs are "variedades musicales" and "news''. Radio Casino
has a huge selection of records discs , neatly arranged in a discoteca, locat-
ed next to the main studio. Thanks to a policy "not to throw away records
which have been out of fashion", their discoteca has become one of the finest
in Costa Rica . In addition to analog discs, they have introduced two brand
new compact disc players for better sound quality. News include "RADIONOTI-
CIAS CASINO" broadcast three times a day , as well as mini news segments
"BOLETIN RELAMPAGO" and "BOLETIN INFORMATIVO".

Sr. Edwin Zamora Brenes, a station staff , answered my question, "why Radio
Casino continues to broadcast on short wave, contrary to the recent tendency
to abolish the use in Central American countries ? " as follows: "There are
many limonenses (people from Limon) living in the U.S.A., especially in
Miami and New York . They want to be informed of what's happening in Limon.
Our signal is not so powerful, but they do listen to us and send us letters

STATION IDENTIFICATION
"TIQ Radio Casino de Limon, Costa Rica. 1220kHz onda med ia, 5954 onda corta,
98.3MHz frecuencia modulada. Telefonos 580029, 583029. Direccion postal:
Apartado 287, 7300 Limon."

"Esta es TIQ Radio Casino de Lim6n, Costa Rica . Telefonos 580029 , 583029.
Radio Casino, su preferida de ayer, su favorita de siempre."

Note All times in U.T.C.

Source: Revista "Radio Canara Informa" (3 / 1987) published by CANARA.
-162 -

PIRATE BROADCASflNG IN NARINO (By: Henrik Klemetz)

In my QSL collection there is a plain-looking letter, dated Samaniego, May 12, 1966.
In it, Wm. Montenegro Ch. tells me how grateful he is for my report all the way
from "the nation's capital", i. e. Bogota.
The letter is no full data QSL. Neither the name of the station, La Voz de Sama-
niego, nor it s frequency (6350 kHz) is mentioned. An understandable precaution by a
hobby pirate. After a ll, the "nation's capital" is where laws are being drafted, altho
not necessarily enfo rced.
In his letter Montenegro goes on to say that he has studied radio with National
Schools (a correspondence course), and that he is trying to acquire some broad-
cast ing practice in the evenings, "while waiting for the government license".
Staying in Quito, Ecuador, in 1974, I noticed that there were a few more Colom-
bian hobby pirates on the air (apart from La Voz de Samaniego, which was a
regular): on 3200 kHz La Voz Comunal de la Sabana, at Tuquerres, and on 3605
kHz Emisora Radio Lux, at Guachual, both in Na rino.
Between 1983 and 1986, when I was working in Ecuador and Colombia, the Peru-
vian pirate scene was, of course, the most interesting one. Still there were a
few interesting Colombians around, besides the Samaniego old-timer.
On 5225, La Voz de! Caucaya, at Puerto Legurzamo, and on 5353, Ecos del Putu-
mayo, at Puerto Asfs, were active for short periods. This was also the case of
Ondas del Sur, of La Floresca, Sapuyes, first on 5555 and, later, on 6205 kHz.
A new and regularly heard pirate was Radio Cultural, La Voz de! Telembi, at
Barbacoas, on 3805 kHz.
Most of these stations were cautious enough not to broadcast during the local
hours of darkness. All the same, they must have been heard over a great distance.
Travelling just for fun
In 1989 I was lucky to make an old dr ea m come true. was to go to Narino,
just for the fun of it. To be sure, I would visit some of these long-standing
pirates, La Voz de Samaniego to mention just one of them.
Driving along a paved road, 1. 5 hours south of Pasto, the capital o f Naririo,
you eventually make it to the town of Tuquerres. This place is the highest town
in the country, located at an a ltitude well above3,000 metres.
I set out for Tuquerres in a shared taxi. By a curious coincidence, one of the
passengers happened to be a DJ at Ondas del Mayo, in Pasto (920 kHz), a station
which I had visited only hours before. This gentleman agreed to show me around.
From the DJ I gathered that there were two unofficial and one legally authorized
stat ion in Tuquerres. The legal one, Radio Austral (also announcing Radio Super),
listed on 1540 kHz with 2 kW, was in fact on 1300 with only one-tenth of the
autho ri zed power. The studio was hidden to the visitor by means of a wooden
division where there were diplomas and viewcards. Even a report card from New
Zealand was to be seen. This was a memory from the times the station operated
on SW, somewhere around 6565 kHz.
The rem a ining two stations were the extremely primitive La Voz Comunal de
la Sabana, now on 1530 kHz, and Ecos del Sur, a new one to me, on 1380 kHz.
My visit to Tuquer res was on a Sunday, and in the afternoon only La Voz Comu-
nal was act ually operating. To the two people at La Voz Comunal I played back
a recording I had made of the station from Ecuador, way back in 1974. Overcoming
the initial embarrassment, I hastened to take a photograph of the fem a le DJ in
the studio shack. What justification for a photo could there be? I think I said
something about her eyes. ..
The entrance to Ecos del Sur was locked, but my guide was aware that the
owner might be next door, in the cantina of hi s wife. Sure enough. There he was.
 -163-

With the owner of Ecos del Sur, teacher and salesman Alirio Guancha Gomez,
I discussed the heavy echo effec t s on their prerecorded cuiias (spots). "We ll, the
campesinos just love it that way", he explained. "The mo re they drink, the more
they appreciate the reverberation", 1 thought to myself.
I was invit ed t o pa rti c ipa t e in a football commentary f ro m the town st ad ium,
but declined, as I wa nt ed to find a truck to take me to Samani ego. Howeve r,
no buses were runnin g on a Sunday a ft e rnoon, I was to ld. Inst ead I had a la t e
lunc h, cons ist ing of roast chicken with ri ce and beans and a fri ed egg. As I o rde r-
ed, I t old the sta ff of the loncherfa that I wanted to go to Sa man iego. I ha dn't
fini shed eat ing before a ruana-wr apped ma n a pproache d me, a sking me if I was
the party wanting to go to Samaniego.
Two hou rs from Tuquerres, descending on a dusty unpaved road, we reac hed
the littl e town of Saman iego, located at so me 1,5 00 metres a lti t ude. The town
seemed prosperous, no shant ies visible , and streets paved (although not, as I
mentioned, the road lead ing to and from the town). Co ff ee is the numbe r one
crop, and this a lone is an indicator of an exce ll ent c limat e. Popul ation, 15,000
at the most, is ma inly criollo. Campesinos (Indians) do not a bound in Samaniego,
as they like it cooler.
From various points of vie w, this town is quite out of the way. Last yea r,
I was told, there had been a French tourist in town ...
The bed in the boa rding house at the main plaza cost me 500 pesos (1,50 US).
In return, there was no loc k on my door. One of the passengers in t he Toyot a,
a trave lling salesm a n from lbague, brought me to this place, t e lling me not to
wo rry. He had been a ll over the country, and people in this a rea were gente
de bien (good people). As I have been doing some travelling myself, too, I could
he lp being a bit wo rried, though. In the end, as it turn ed out, the sales man was
quite right. Saman iego, indeed, seems to be one of those odd places whe re people
st ill trust each othe r, more o r less as in the 30's when, as I have been told,
Colombians we nt as leep behind unl ocked doors.
In Samaniego I went straight away to see William Montenegro, who m had
neve r met. His a ddr ess had been c lea rly spe lt out to me by the peopl e at the
posada.
The doo r on Call e 6 No. 4-21 was wide open. Above it was a me tal plat e
sayi ng "La Voz de Samaniego", and on top of t he roof there was a dipole antenna.
No one expected me, a nd no one seemed to be in. I had t o clap my ha nds,
as you do in s uc h cases. A t eenage r approached me. Coul d I see Don William,
please? Well, he was at the Policarpa girls' sc hool where the re was a n ina ugur at-
ion party for the ir swimming pool. So there we went. The rest was abrazos,
cerveza, aguardiente a nd cumbia, as one might expect.
Some hours la t e r we went back to the station. I learnt that the SW transmitter
was temporarily off the a ir due to a technical problem, a missing spa re part,
I don't re me mber which. In a ny case , MW was operating weekdays at 1300-1700
and 1900-0100. The st at ion has been on the ai r eve r since 1961, and it is located
on the first fl oo r of the Montenegro's house. You have to wa lk through the livin g
room and up a flight of stai rs in o rder to reach the studio a nd the record library,
which was the only locked -up a rea of the house. There were separate consoles
for the MW and SW transmitters. Wh en li stenin g to t he recording I had made
of the stat ion from my Ecuado ri an li sten in g post, Willia m, a bit tipsy a t the time,
started to weep for joy.
In Samani ego there was a not he r pirate, I was to ld , Radio Ciudad Paisaje, 1310
kHz. (The people at La Voz de Samaniego were clearly aware of their legal
stat us, as they used t he word "pirate" themselves). Members of the Montenegro
family took me the re in a nother Toyota. I took a photo of the s ignboa rd a bove
the entrance door, not without asking for pe rmi ssion. (This was at 9 PM , and
it was co mpl ete ly dark out side in thi s unli t a rea of the t own , two women c ha tting in
- 164 -

fr ont of the door). "It's OK", said the owner, "as long as you don't get us
into any troubl e".
Ill egal, yet tol erated
From what I have been told, there is a considerable number of pirates not only
in Narino, but a lso in Boyaca and las dos Santanderes, and, lately, even in Antio-
quia. Ecos Celestiales is one of these, and the widely reported Radio Nueva
Vida, on 5567v, is most likely a lso a pirate. Location o f the latter station is
Tibu (Norte de Santande r), while their postal address is in Cucuta, th e provincial
capi t a l, 100 km away from Tibu.
Colombi a has a t least two major monitoring cent res, so the pr ese nce of such
illega l operat ions seem to indicate that they are tolerated, not only by the local
authorities. Appa rently, broadcasting laws do not specify which a uthority has
the right to close down illegal operations, and so nothing has eve r ma teri a lized,
save perhaps in the case of a couple of stations ope rated by the guerrilla.
Reportedly, a recent amendment to this law indicates that the Policfa Nacional
is the one aut ho ri ty empowered to se ize a nd close down illegal broadc asters.
How eve r, in minor towns, the Mayor may have a lot to say. If he holds the
idea that the station causes no harm, it may well go on operat ing without an
offi cia l li cense, which, after a ll , costs a lot of money. T he s mall local pirates
are thought to render a service to the community, and a few hundred watts
won't reach further afie ld than the town where the transmitter is situated.
In Pasto, the provincial capita l, I was unable to trace any of the pirates I knew
was ac tive, the nearest one being at a distance of no more than 30 km.
Some years ago, most of the pirates we re on SW. Radio Austral, in Tuquerres,
was ini t ia lly on 6565. When legalized, they le ft SW for MW.
Emisora Radio Lux, at Guachucal, some years ago a regular on 3605, is now
believed to be on MW only. Riding through that town I had no trace whatsoever
of this stat ion on my portable, and as the taxi was sha red (por puesto), I didn't
feel like asking the dr ive r to set out for the station. Neithe r he nor my fe llow
passengers had ever heard about its existence anyway.
By talking to many people and by cross-examin in g their information, I have
been able to complete a li st of supposed ly active pirates in Na rino. Unlike
the ones a lr eady mentioned (in Tuque rr es and Samaniego), I have no exact frequen-
cy information, and time did not a ll ow me t o travel around. This would, howeve r,
be an easy task, if you have the time and the inter est, as many Pasto cabs
are equipped with car radios with digital readout. Sitti ng next to the driver,
even if you sha re the taxi with other passengers, it would be quit e easy to fiddle
around on the dial, checking whatever stat ions are on. On the other ha nd, if
you produce a fl ashy portable of your own, some of the passengers might raise
their eyeb row s and sta rt to ask you tricky questions.
Narifio is a very beautiful area, s imil a r to a nd qu it e as nice as the Ecuadorian
sierra. There is no guerrilla about and the only a pprehe ns ions you might have
a re fo rged peso notes (in Pasto and Ipi a les, especia ll y), the Andean stomach
bugs, amebas, and, next to Pasto, the se ism ic act ivity o f th e Galeras volcano,
which in May, 1989, was in alerta amarilla, i.e. onl y one short from alerta roja,
red a le rt.
NAR!t-,.0 PIRATES
Conflicting nares in brackets; fq listed l>llenever k=.
Silrmieg>: La Voz de Sallaniego, 6350, 1160; Radio Cd. Paisaje, 1310. Ti.cµrres: Ecos del Sur,
1300; La Voz OJrunal de la Sabana, 1530, ex 3200 . La Lhicn: Ecos del Juanffitij; Radio Cd. de
La Lhiiin (Radio La Lhiiin). Sal Poolo: Ecos del Pueblo. Ele;ooi: Radio Cd. de Buesaco (~ra-
ted by tre M.Jnicipal Counci l). El Tifflll: Radio Cd. del TiJTtxJ (Ecos del TcJTtxJ). Sal .bse <El
Altiii: La Voz del Pueblo. s.ntna: (h:Jas del G.iaitara, 1430z. M:x:oa: La Voz de Mx:oa. La
cruz: La Voz de la Cruz. GJaitarilla: Radio 0.Jaitara. Gml.Jal : Emisora Radio Lux, t4J, ex--
3605. Crito: La Voz de Ori to , 1350 , n. 1270. Bamacoas: Radio Cultural La Voz del Telarbi,
1500 3005?
 -1 65-

(Above) William Montenegro (right) showing the SW transmitter

of La Voz de Samaniego.

(Below) La Voz Co muna l de la Sabana, Tuquerres. The hole

in the glass-window to the right is for visitors to leave their
messages.
(Right) Logo of La Voz de Samaniego
printed in 6 different colours.
-1 66 -

(Above) Typical ar rangement of LP

records accordi ng to styles, viz.
ba il able-vieja, baladas-viejas,
mujeres-recuerdo, recuerdo (nostalgia),
mad re ( !) a nd one enti re compartment
for Sonora-M, i. e. Sonora Matanc era.
The photo was taken at Ondas del
Mayo, in Pasto.

(Above) Ondas del Mayo DJ

in f rant of a locked door.
Inside there is a count er where
electric bulbs a nd fuses a re
so ld, a nd furth e r in, the radio
shack.

(Right) Ali ri o Guancha in his

radio shack (Ecos de! Sur).
Technically, this st udio is far
bett e r equipped th a n many
othe r pirate ope rations.
 -167-
RADIO ON THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS
Radio S:m ta Crtll
~A.L. f .ir.GC.1!;.
, .... ,i.: :d,;~__,<;,: written by Juan Franco Crespo
translated by Julian Anderson

There is little variety in ways of communication, we must not forget scarce population; it
will give us a more approxi mate idea as to the possibilities of the 'mass - media'.

An important chapter in the history of radio- broadcas ting is written by the Franc i scan
Mission, which came to the Islands in 1950, since then that pr esence has been close to its
inhabitants in educative, spiritual, sanitary aspects; and in communications, museums, Red
Cross activities, etc.
It also kee ps on the air the two only radio stations and a TV. Founder of radio station was
Father Jugolino Cerasuolo, who came to the ar chipelago in 1967. He seriously worked i n other
areas as in that tending to obtain the provincialization of this insular region, San
Cristobal Airport, terrestrial ways, etc.

The station with the largest cove rage and oldest in the region is the Radiodi f usora La Voz de
Galapagos (HCVG8) which started transmissions on July 20, 1969 from Puerto Baquerizo Moreno,
with a power of 1 kW. In 1973 they got a 5 kW- CCA transmitter for SW and another one of 1 kW
so as to beg i n with Radi o Santa Cruz on 1410 kHz, both transmitters were made in Los Angeles
(California-USA). In 1982 they began an FM-Stereo service on Radio Santa Cruz , its present
nominal frequ ency is 92.2 MHz. There was also another commercial type station but it was
closed because of financial difficulties.

La Voz de Galapagos, thanks to its SW- frequency, had been audible in many areas of America
and with good propagation in many worldwide distant areas, among others Spain, with only 10
kW. Unfortunate ly, the economical prob l em (so mething endemical in Latin America) causes radio
possibilities to limi ted. To the lack of opportunities (electricity, equ ipment, informative
material, records) we must add the damage in equipment, antennas, etc . This took place in
1989 and cancell ed their familiar 4810 kHz. Somet hing similar happened to Radio Santa Cruz on
1410 kHz, its antennas we re knocked- down by one of frequent wind - storms. Now it is audible
only on its traditional 92.2 MH z FM- frequency.

Producer/announcer/performer of La Voz de Galapagos

 - 168-

Writer at "estudio 92" of Radio Santa Cruz

Programming is basically oriented to an educational format, prevailing formative programmes

and messages (spiritual, social or services). Stations are not operated commercially, they
are operated as a service to the community and not as a business, both being deficitary. Many
operators work just for altruism and sharing knowledge and experience with their
contemporaries.

La Voz de Galapagos presented the fol lowing schedule summer 1990, between 1300- 0200 UTC.
Times are Galapagos time, which is UTC - 6 hours. It is necessary to point out that every 15
minutes loca l time is given and jingles and taped IDs of the .station are broadcasted,
including all the frequencies, despite being inactive due to technical problems. During the
programming messages and community ads are included. Transmitter is a CCA- type AM 5000D.
Present Director is Father Manuel Valarezo; at the moment of visiting the station (August
1990) they had no plans of reasuming SW transmissions (on 4810 kHz), nevertheless they were
working so as to extend the schedule of TV performed via Telegalapagos Canal 13. Many times
material coming from transcription services of international stations are used, being
pre- recorded for diffusion, mainly from Radio Netherlands, Deutsche Welle and Radio Exterior
de Espana. It is possible that they are broadcasting more material at present, as we have
conducted the sending of recordings from other international stations so as to enrich their
programming and to amplify the horizon of the archipelago's inhabitants. They are
broadcasting on 1320 kHz only, with 5 kW.

Television made its arrival during the period of Father Serafin Cartagena, in 1981. He also
brought the printing, and the Galapagos Luz Seminary.

Programming is carefully chosen, TV novels or movies with violent/sex scenes are excluded.
Its signal makes its way to those islands with most population and it is the only TV station
that may be seen. It broadcasts between 1500-1700 (afternoon) and 2000-2300 (evening), these
broadcasts are caught by about 3,000 TV sets. January 15, 1981 was a happy -day on the Islands
as that day TV-transmissions began. The Government helps with some financing, but scarce,
therefore all works are directly performed by the Fathers in the Franciscan Mission.

In 1984 a new perfect was named, this time the Mission was directed by Father Victor
Maldonado, who as from August 15, 1984 was in charge of La Voz de Galapagos and Telegalapagos
till the Summer of 1990, when he returned to the continent as Bishop of Santa Elena (Guayas)
diocese. Father Maldonado was also a radio- amateur, but when we were on the islands his
equipments were mainly used so as to keep contact with the continent and missionary and
emergency messages. It is not easy to keep communications if you do not have a radio
equipment.
 -169-
POEM TO LA VOZ DE GALAPAGOS
En medio de l oceano hay un caracol de sinfonias,
el coraz6n de un pueblo que vibra en alta mar;
es la antena inmensa, que la aploma el Evange l io
y a l infin ito extiende l os rayos de su amo r.
Al contacto del Verbo amanecen horizontes,
los mares amplifican mensajes de su Voz.
Es el Cristo eterno, que se encarna diariamente,
la palabra fecunda en simi entes de luz.
Es la voz de la Patria de! hontanar de su Historia,
el recuerdo de los heroes ebulliendo libertad;
el paisaje de la tierra con las flores musicales
los arrullos de la br i sa y los gritos del vo lcan.
Voz de un pueblo que se forja sus desti nos,
con el libro, la azada o con la red,
ye nutre el pensamiento y esc larece su conciencia
en las fue ntes de la vida y la Verdad.
La Voz de Galapagos, Pan de la cultura,
raci6n presentida de triunfo y amor,
quien busque horizontes tendra cada dia
la mano senera, puntero hacia el sol.
La Voz de Galapagos, clarin de entusiasmo,
campana en la plegaria, consuelo en el dolor;
amiga en el deporte, en la fiesta ritmo,
y siempre y donde quiera presenc ia de hermandad.
(Carlos Uria)

USUAL IDENTIFICATIONS
RADIODIFUSORA LA VOZ DE GALAPAGOS 1320 kHz.
"Desde las islas encantadas, t ransmite La Vaz de Galapagos. Si amigos oyentes de Radio La Vaz
de Galapagos que transmite desde su capital provincial en San Cristobal. Queremos enviar
nuestro sincero sa ludo a Isabela, Floreana y Santa Cruz, coma tambien a nuestros amigos de
este puerto."
"A esta hara, el mensaje cristiano se hace presente a traves de nuestras ondas l levando a
vosotros al iento y paz espi ritual.. . Huy buenos d ias amigos oyentes de Radio La Vaz de
Galapagos, reciban un cordial saludo de este su ser vidor Manuel Jacoben."

RADIO SANTA CRUZ 92.9MHz FM ESTEREO

"El vibrar de las notas musical es y el mensaje acompanado de la palabra oportuna es un
tributo de reconoci miento a su s incera am istad. Estos son 92. 2 (noventa y dos pun to dos)
Megahertz de Radio Santa Cruz, se leccionando y programando la buena miis ica que anima a
Galapagos."

, - -- - - -- - - - -- -- - - - - - - - , "Senoras y senores, muy buenos dias. Oyentes

de Radio Santa Cruz en la provincia insular
RADIO "SANTA CRUZ" de Galapagos , con s incera complacencia, les
damos la bienvenida a nuestra sintonia,
1410 Kcs. Onda larga - "Un Faro Espiritual en el Pacifico" esperando que la programaci6n de este dia
sea de vuestro completo agrado y
92.2. f. M. satisfacc i6n. Desde ya, agradecemos su
ISi.A SANTA CRUZ - GALAPAGOS . ECUADOR genti l atenci6n. Damas ini cio a nuestra
.________ ________ ______ , pr ogramac i 6n con el Himno a Ga lapagos."
 - 170-
LA VOZ DE GALAPAGOS' PROGRAMMING SCHEDULE:
0700 Sintonia, sa ludo e himno de Galapagos. 1500 Disconovedades (Tropical y Rock).
0730 Mensaje cristiano (Musica religiosa) . 1600 Juventud, divino tesoro.
0800 Mananitas galapaguenas (Musica variada) . 1700 Tuy la Iglesia.
0830 Viajemos por el mundo 1730 Mundo infanti I.
(Musica internacional). 1800 Angelus.
0900 Complacencias musicales. 1805 Charlas biblicas.
1030 Radionovela. 1815 Radionovela.
1045 Alegre la manana (Musica religiosa). 1830 Informativo.
1145 Recuerdos musicales (Baladas). 1900 Complacencias musicales.
1300 La musica inmortal . 1955 Despedida y cierre.
1400 Fantasia musical
(Boleros, tangos y valses).

HYMN TO GALAPAGOS
(CHORUS)
Somos luz y esperanza en la patria
de hermosura y riqueza sin par,
nuestras islas son reinas de! orbe
soberanas de! cielo y del mar.

(STANZAS)
En la bruma lejana de! tiempo
sevis lumbra su historia inicial
que con otros valientes tejiera
Fray Tomas de Berlanga a la par.
De esos hombres el brazo invencible,
donde brilla mas fulgido e l Sol,
para el mundo forj6 una epopeya
ya la Patria un tesoro don6.
Nuestras Islas de azul fantasia,
de poetas y sabios mas ,
de turistas gentil atractivo
y de! mundo tesoro ideal.
San Cristobal riqueza ignorada;
Isabela de gran porvenir; Writer in front of station building
Santa Cruz, la fe r til y activa
y Floreana, la bel la y gen ti l.
With music from Father
Agustin de Azkunaga and
wr It te n by Manse igneur
Vi ctor Maldonado, until 1990

LAVoz
.~41~
DE GALAPAGOS
RADIODIFUSORA
Director of both radio and
TV stations. We keep a nice
remembrance of our chats
with him and of the po Ii te
0 'c:;;;:~~ ::::=:------------------0• and nice treatment he gave
4.810 Khz . ONDA CORTA .
to us all DXers fro m half
the wor Id who were able to
tune in on the station,
DE LA MISION FRANCISCANA during the long period that
SAN CRISTOBAL he was 1n charge of the
stat ion.
 - 171-

"Esta es Radio Santa Cruz transmi tiendo desde su estudio 92."

"Desde la region insular Radio Santa Cruz FM estereo presint6 "Buenos Dias Santa Cruz"."

"Huy buenos dias senoras y senores, nuestro saludo en esta preciosa manana de lluvia de! 2 de
agosto de 1990. His disculpas amigos, ayer no hubo luz electrica a tiempo y par eso no
estuvimos par aqui (*). Nos quedamos con ese grato deseo coma todas las mananas de venir a
Radio Santa Cruz para llegar a todos sus hogares."

"Las cinco con treinta y cinco minutos en el estudio 92 de su radio, somos Radio Santa Cruz
FM estereo."

"A tiempo con su tiempo, Radio Santa Cruz FM estereo."

(*) On the Islands one of the biggest problems is energy. Electricity is not stable, it is
obtained from diesel generators, llO volts till 2200 hours local time. On Santa Cruz it 1s
mantained up to 2300, but it is given by sectors, when the sector .where the station is
located lacks electricity, it keeps silent as the station has not go its own generators.

Some 'hotels' may have electricity with their own equipment, but it is pretty unusual, and if
you are planning a trip to the Islands to perform some DX it is convenient to bring cells and
lanterns so as to take advantage of the long nights without any noise at al I which wi 11
enable you to log stations from the continent, from California to Chi le, or from the other
Pacific Islands, with a great variety of languages, most of them unintelligible for us,
though English, French and Spanish are predominant.

Typed by Takeshi SEJIHO.

Sa/udos Carir.osos de Transmitimos

·•[,a Voz de Galapagos" diariamente gracias
Radiodifusora de I., a !. 1 u~•stra genero.s.a
}.f isi6n Franciscana
riyuda econC-n: icu
-172-
VENEZUELAN RADIO BROADCASTING

written by Juan Franco Crespo

translated by Julian Anderson

"With a radio, you are not alone, you are in contact with the outer world"
Nuevo Diario, Caracas, December 11, 1930.
It was the first contact with the Tropi cal Bands; those 1970' s, when with an old Grundig we
knew about the great possibilities of a certain range of frequencies that during the day only
gave silence and noise, but in the night it was opening the doors to American countries, far
away: Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Domini can Republi c, Haiti, etc., made its way to our QTH
with an unusual musical, programming, and l inguistical variety. Radio- magic was more than
charming, so much that sometimes we sl ept during dayt ime and heard the radio at night until
it was time for going to our working place. Such was the convoking power of Latin American
stations, and among them, Venezuelan stations, stronger and more fr equ ent, were on top of our
own personal and particular HIT.
Radio made its arr i va I to
Venezuela during the first RADIODlfUSORA V[N[ZU[LA
quarter of this century,
something almost usual in most CARACAS -VENEZUELA ::b -4-34.
of the nations worldwide.
Caracas was then a smal I city
( there they say it was a 'big
town'), with stoned streets,
lively groups of talkers,
.:e.l... ha !Ron
Tenemos el gusto de acusar recibo de su atento reportaje envicidonos

rog
0 K
e ad
co

horse-carriages , etc. All this lac ab ci

may be still seen as it was in
s I ds esi
those days at the capital's
public libraries and museums rec· ·amen

where you can find hemos tenido que contestar muy a nuestro pt'sar con tarjetas circulares.
press -archives or in the p. RAD/0D!FUSORA VENEZUELA
old-ye! low post cards that may
be still seen in public
markets even nowadays.
. ~ 7~<-£d 2
Radio AYRE
Almost 65 years have passed since that first stati on star t ed t o broadcast authorized by the
Government - that in certain way was tied by hands and feet. We must not forget that in those
days General Juan Vicente Gomez's dictatorial government was ruling; "t he radio" started its
history with installations at Caracas' Nuevo Circo (new circus) co rral s, there two towers
were set up holding the antennas
(which wer e nothing more than 4
s imp I e wires) and in May, 1926, ads
in t he press began to make known the
"RADIO BARQUISIMETO" ex istence of rece ivers, something
6465 Kl LOCI CLOS that surely t un ed out to be expec ted
PROPIEDAD DE AMILCAR Y RAFAEL ANGEL SEGURA
and happy voices from the general
public, r ecei vers would make
possible to I is t en th e voi ces coming
Y. V. 3 R. D. from Broadcasting Caracas. Together
with those ads, r eaders were advised
BAROUISIMETO - VENEZUELA• SUR AMERICA about the necessary contro ls and
TRASMISOR OFICINA Y
precepts to kee p th e station working
SITUAOO EN EL £STUDIOS (commercial advertising will not
take long to make its way to the
I
LUGAR AVENI DA
radio); this way Caracas had its
_._____
DENOMINADO BELLA VISTA
LA GRANJA
.................. 3 3 5 radiostation on 375m using the call
AYRE. Studios were at 86 , Esquina
del Tejar.
 -173-
Founders · of AYRE were Luis Roberto Scholtz and Alfredo Moller (he also was its first
speaker). Directing that first Venezuelan radiostation were General Jose Vincente Gomez,
Colonel Arturo Santana, General Colmenares, Dr. Adolfo Bueno, etc. That is why it was first
considered a Government station. It worked with a 1-kW Western Electric transmitter, kept by
engineer Harry Wilson during the two years it was on the air. ·
Wilson was a Pioneer as a DXer, he would share with Venezuelan people his listening nights.
He tuned in to American stations, translated news and broadcasted them next morning on "El
Nuevo Diario", which informed to Caracas' inhabitants about happenings just a few hours
after. It was a news program that became imitated by others in the future.

The 'manistas' of that time did not take so long for making their appearance and mounted
their galena receivers with a simple pasteboard tube, a telephone speaker, a stone, etc.
Materials could be purchased at Casa Blandin, specialized in electrical articles. Mounting a
receiver was so easy but it was suspended because Radio AYRE' s adventure was not able to
continue due to lack of fund. Those 20 Bolivares of that time were not enough, but the seed
was planted and it would give results very soon. But AYRE was closed more for political than
for economical reasons. Fear to the power of words come from ancient times .

Broadcasting Caracas
YV2RC-5800 KC. WELCOME
It would not take long for a new
project to start, this one with
to the ranks of our listeners. clear economical objectives,
thanks to the firm W. H. Phelps
~port~~
& Co. (its owner was an American
. ...... ..... ................ ~ ..... < fl-.[£, 191 .!9.-: ornithologist who came to
is correct.
Venezuela, fell in love with the
YV2RC relays YVIRC's programs, and
country and a Venezuelan girl,
and settled for ever in this
marvellous land). This firm was
owned by "El Autom6vi I
Universal" and "El Almacen
Americano", which were
representing the interests of
American industries then:
record- players and receivers from the legendary RCA as we! I as many other USA- made goods; it
was only necessary to find the right character and starting.

Then the mythical Edgar J. Anzola performed its appearance, a real legend in Venezuela
concerning radio- broadcasting, aviation, record - players, etc. Initial capital was 17,000
Bolivares, a real fortune at the time. At first Anzola was assisted by Ricardo Espina who
became sub- director of the station, which would be on the air on December 9, 1930; calls were
YVlBC (medium wave) and YV2BC (short wave), the name was Broadcasting Caracas. Original
frequency was 960 kHz, and due to those circumstances of life, a simple act, the inauguration
of a statue devoted to Henry Clay made it possible for the station to begin transmissions. It
was a challenge, also including the t e lephonic company, which set up a series of telephone
wires to the studios; these would be officially inaugurated two days later, they were placed
right in the Almacen Americano, using a very modest power: 100 watts no more. But it was the
beginning for an industry that would cover the country with stations of all kinds. One year
later they were already using 5 kW transmitter, which was located at Catia La Mar, in uptown
Caracas.

As from those days and thanks to Anzola, some records sti 11 exist and are a pride of the
record industry in this country. Music always was an unexhaustible source for radio, even
today 'canned' music is all over, it was then an everyday reality to see hundreds of people
at a radio station: all was done live.

On YVlBC also Carlos Bonet, Director of the 'criolla' music orchestra, made history; he was
author of the station's opening and closing melodies, those distinctive musical notes being
most helpful to listeners when trying to identify the station they are listening to. Lately
it changed its name and changed to Radio Caracas, keeping these typical melodies as a musical
identification.
 -174-
Radio programmes
Dictatorship did not allow

YV4RAYYV4RB1350 Ks,
del2 a. lp . m . -,d•t al 0p . m .
6520 Kc,
too much liberty,
something in common along
but

the Venezuelan radio-h istory

started to show up: agility
and sharp language used by
RADIODIFUSORA LA VOZ DE CARABOBO speakers who, at certain
VALENCIA -VENEZUELA moments , were able to guide
llalencia, 22 de Diciellhre de 19~. oeople, not without a tear.
Acusamos recibo de su amable reportaje del . 30 .de •oviem.bre. News were extracted from the
hecha la veri.ficaci6n , certi/icamos que Ud. oy6 nuestro prog rama del press and an historical man
30 de .. NOTiCl!l'b;r.e.
de 19.E en 6520.- .. .... Kc. created a way that will show
Le damos nue.1tr0s expresivas gracias por su /ina utenci6n . a style: Mario Gracia
por Radiodi/ufj:,°.J/?t,,.~rabobo, Arocha; he created "La
Marcha de! tiempo" ('passing
of time'), but, curiously
enough, he was only able to
give news from abroad.

Many others have written their names, but there were always outstanding men, of course;
pretending to mention them all would be too long, so we will choose a man representing an
ent ire generation of radio-men, this was the case of famous Rafael Rivero who will make "El
Tio Nicolas" ('Uncle Nicholas') immortal, a programme that brought a l ot of fun and
tenderness to Venezuelan kids who still today, now very old, become carried away when
remembering him. From those days are the non-ending radio- novels, transformed nowadays into
typical Latin- American TV- novels.

That radio of the 1930s, may

still be considered a real
school for learning the
secrets of communication. Even
,,111, ,,11
nowadays it is possible to
find old Caraqueiios ta! king
with nostalgy about those
famous "nove las de suspenso",
('suspense novels') or "El
misterio de los ojos
escar lata" (' the mystery of
the scarlet eyes') .

Sometimes those e vents are

despised, mainly because of
ignorance about everyday
reality in the places where
they took place. We shoul d take into account that these programmes are highly educative. As
an example, there is a programme usually broadcasted by the Ecuadorian station HCJB, which
makes its way with a relatively- good signal all the year through to Barcelona (Spain) at
eleven p. m., broadcasting its programme "Galapagos" each Wednesday, this way we could learn
more about the past of Venezuelan radio. In this programme (Galapagos) we hear information
about those enigmatical islands of the Pacific where Darwin would become inspired by his
famous evolutionist theor i es.
Something similar happened on the Venezuelan radio with "Los ojos escarlata", though in a
novelated style. If even nowadays there a r e great difficulti es for travelling over Ve nezue la,
with large jungle areas, imagine the reality of the 1930s and 1940s. Performers of th is
programme had the idea of making the country known, conveying I isteners over this wonderful
land (right on the edge of the West Indies) . The programme had at that time a hard problem:
special effects, something that today has no secrets. Then you had to use your imagination,
creating real 'madel men' capable of getting success during any circumstance. I mp rovisation,
together with complicity that radio offers, would do the r est.
 -175-
Other stations
On May 29, 1932 a new station
made its appearance: it was the YV5RJ -6 250 KC
Radiodifusora Venezuela with a 50
watts transmitter, and it still
was functioning in 1985 (it was
not possible for us, during our
v1s1t in 1990, to confirm if it
was still active) in the plant at
Guaicoco (Petare), bu i It by
Gerardo Siblesz, and the costs
were also increasingly high:
80, 000 Bo Ii vares.

Other stations followed, many of

them real I ighthouses in the
Venezuelan Radio-Industry: Radio
Libertador, Radio Rumbas (1949), 1._.:.._:...::~.:..__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.;====:..:....
probably the one with the greatest influence on a national level and in neighbouring
countries. Famous is its "Noti - Rumbos" (news), it must be pointed- out the extraordinary ease
of producers to communi cate the news with incredible professionality.

La Voz de Carabobo performed its arrival in 1934. Ondas Populares on December 8, 1935, from
that time it is one of the most famous radio- programmes, "Diario Pimientoso de! aire", hosted
by one of the golden- voices in Venezuelan history, Gonzalo Veloz Manc era. This station after
a series of events became Radio Vision.

Following were La Voz de la Esfera (owners were editi ng a new spape r of the same name) on May
4, 1935; Radio Continente; Radio Barquisimeto on January 20, 1938; in Barinas Radio Barinas
on February 5, 1939; and on July 30 also 1939, Radio Maracay.

On Ju ne 16, 1944, Gonzalo Veloz Mancera founded Radio

Cultura, now it is YVKE Radio Mundial (on 1050 kHz those
days, on 550 kHz now, the first station on the Caracas'
dial). We could go on this way counting about a couple of
hundred sta tions, on MW and Tropical Bands. FM is on
continuous expans ion and the dial is not congested yet,
at least in the Sabana Grande area, where we had our
occasiona l QTH in Caracas. We found s t at ions specialized
in some of the mu sica l sty l es that are predominant in the
region: llanera mu sic, cumbia, salsa, merengue, etc.

State radio (for Venezuelan good fortune) is not so

omnipresent as in Spain. Despite having a good number of
frequencies and the most powerful transmitter in the
whole country with 1,000 kW in stalled at Estado Falcon on
1240 kHz, it remains in forgetfulness. It is an old dream
that is stil l inactive during ou r last trip in the area,
maybe a recent increase in petrole um- prices will allow
the country to find an ex it to its economical
difficulties. State radio does not use the possibilities
(frequencies, power) and its play i s more or less
testimonial (we do not want to say its programming has no
Y. V. 5. R. C. Y. V. 5. R. 0. quality, it has its own taste). Radio industry is
basically private and commer c ial. It is based on
1.100 Kc. 3.300 Kc. free- economi cal rules, but we must think about economical
difficulties in Latin America (yes, aga in). Many times, a
CARACAS simple damage that here (in Spain) is so lved with a visit
to the store on the corner, t here may l eave a station off
VENEZUELA the air for months . .. do not talk then about problems on
energy !
 -176 -
Classification of stations
According to the Venezuelan writer Mrs. Maria Angelica Olivero, radio style in her country
could be classified as follows :
POPULAR: they could be Mundial, Rumbos, Tiempo, Continente, etc.
EDUCATIONAL: the only station that looks similar to this type could be Radio Fey Alegria, a
Catholic station, with several stations over the country, in Caracas it broadcasts on 1390,
it is run by t he Company of Jesus.
YOUTH: Most of them are
of this kind, mainly on
FM, with hits & TOP-40
programming, on AM they
could be Radio Capital,
Caracas 750, Exitos Mil,
Tropical, etc.
<RaJioJi usora l6ne
Y. V. S.R . B. -
u~Ja
Y. V . 5. R. M.
790 Kc. ~<-t.ffJr>
CULTURAL: they are Radio ~-~nezue~
Nacional and Radio
Cultural in Caracas. They Acu1amo..t 1/.Ui/,,, d, 4U ,,_,po'1ia{L- iu.'lij,".c.a.do d 15 de diciembre
can not broadcast
advertisements and this de J 946 _ _ _ _ !/- ~ d 14 de enero de l.947
is the secret why private ,,,_ 790 --------- 1<t,,. d q= Pwtw.1 , , , , , ~ ~ -
s tations are not active &,,. f.a4 !,"-<iciat mm t,xpl&uiu.ru ~ d, Ud. ~ - :U.. :U..
in the area·; nevertheless
these stations may ~ I F U S O R A VENEZUELA•
broadcast programmes
sponsored by public ~ -: ~ = s : : > ~
institutions or
organizations.

Typed by Takeshi SEJIMO.

All QSL cards are appeared by courtesy of Committee to Preserve Radio Verifications (CPRV).

RADIO ESPECIAL RADIOS: Lu lltjtru 1n udl ,eitadtll

1340 KHZ ECONOMIA: Jllly1r nlllDtfl th l■p1Ct11 ,or l11inr
CARACAS
SINTONIA: la ..,., llaltlll Ill c,A UIII
RADIO CARON!
1050 KHZ ,,_, .. lllllllllllC.111

CIUDAD GUAYANA RESPONSABIUOAO: u 11

SERVIC\0: M•it' 1111' 11 "'""
RADIO ORINOCO
1150 KHZ SUPER
CIUDAD BOLIVAR
RADIO EL TIGRE 980
980 KHZ
EL TIGRE
RADIO SAN SEBASTIAN
960 KHZ
SAN CRISTOBAL
RADIO LOS ANDES 1040
1040 KHZ
MERIDA
RADIO 1400
1400 KHZ
BARINAS
RADIO MAR
1560 KHZ
PTO. LA CRUZ - BARCELONA

OFICINAS DE VENTAS CARACAS:

283.2288 • 283.38114
 -177 -

INTERESTING PACTS ABOVT

VENEZVELA AND VS

ALL OVR PROGRAMS ARE RELAYED BY Y V 2 RC 6'1'12 Kc.

YOV HAVE HEARD vsr

We are pleased to certify that your report about reception of our
transmission is correct, and as proof of it we extend this verifica-
tion. Trusting that the information contained in this booklet will
be of interest to you, we remain,
Very cordially yours,
BROADCA5 TING CARACAS

USTED NOS HA OIDOI

Nos place certificar que su reporte sabre recepci6n de nuestra
transmisi6n es correcto, y en prueba de ello, extendemos esta
certificaci6n.
Esperando que la informaci6n contenida en este follelo le sea de
interes. quedamos de Ud.
Muy cordialmente,
BRO~S,~tG _cA~~/
~/ -✓/\

c:fct-:~"~,:, I
;;;ii~ . uJ c,,;v,L"' ~ 1.nJi;o.L ... ..L Jf) .
~ Q L 1..V~.
Third Edition • September 1934
 -178-
BOOKS / PUB LICATIONS FOR LA DX'ERS
by Tets u ya HIRAHARA

The f irst publicati o n o f " LA DXing" dates back in 198 0. At that time, there
wer e fe,; publi ca·t io ns , if any, published for those es peciall y i ntereste d
i n DXing Latin American stations. In this point , RNM is proud to have b ee n
a pioneer to s har e the information and e njoyment on mar ve llous radio scene in
Latin Ameri ca with DXers aro und the world. More than ten years have passed
since that t i me. Nowadays ther e are various publi ca tions of interes t to DXers
looking for Latin American stations. In this article, I would like to intro-
duc e and / or review t h ese books / publicat ions written in English so that you
may enjoy mor e deeply listening to and / or QSLing Latin Ameri can stations.

1. LATIN AMERICA BY RADIO ( Published in 1989 )

Henrik Klemetz
Au t hor He nri k Klemetz
Publ isher : Tietoteos Publishing Company
Latin America Price US$23.00.- (pos tage include d)
Order from: Tietoteos Publishing Company,
P.O. Box 40, Ylaport t i lA.
SF -02211 Espoo, Fi nland .
by Radio ( Posta l Giru Account No.64800)
This book e xplai ns the techn ique to confirm
i de n tifi c ations of radio stations, and ho,1 we
c an confirm or presume a co untry or a loca tion
from where a station is broadcasting , out o f the
i nformat ion the radio station gives in case
no ID is a vai l a ble. Explan ation / a na lysis include
station name, slogan, language. add r ess, t ele-
phone numb e r , town name, music, news, ads, time
chec k, etc . An d that many e xamples o n opening /
c l osi ng a nn o un cements. time c h e cks , we ather
report, ads, personal messages, PSA, etc. (some
are t rans lated into English) are shown in appen-
dix. I a m sure that the rea ders will understand
we l l a bout the role of ra dio in Lati n Ameri ca
throug h reading these exa mpl es.
Tletoteos Publishing Company
QSLi ng tech niqu e is anot her section which I
Espoo, Finland hope thos e "DXers" \✓ ho are inc lined to obtain
QSL desperately s hou ld read ser i ously. Here
the author discusses the merits and demerits on enclosing d ollar not es as
return postage, as well as on a ddr essing a rep o rt to v e ri f icat ion signers.
Finally ex pla ined is the orthodox approa ch o f QSLing so as not to spoil a
hobb y of QSL collecion .

This book natural ly focuses o n Latin American stations, but the basic te c hni-
que (a pproach ) ex posed therein ·-..,_1,.- may a lso be applicable to DXing
stations in any other areas, say __,,,,. ~ Japan or Indonesia. Therefore, I
highly recommend the book for the beginners. too . This book also
includes many valuable photos and materilas so that you can
enjoy it visually, too .

C X 14- 810Kc,- C XA 19 ·11835 Kc1 CX 18-890 Kc1 ·CXA 19 - 11835 Kcs

CW 37 ·1260 Kc, DIFUSORA ROCHENSE

TELEFONOS , 81481·82 y 97044 SOCIEDAD ANONIMA DIRECC ION TELEGRA FICA" DIFURUGUAY"
SORIANO 1287
MONTEVIDEO
URUGUA~
 -179-
2. LATIN AMFRICAN RADIO WORLD (3rd ed./Sept.1991)

Editors Julian Anderson/Gabriel Ivan Barrera Latin ;1meric:an

Price : US$6.OO. or lOIRCs (airmail overseas)
Order from: Cas.4616,1OOO Buenos Aires, ARGENTINA
~c1dif) lt'f)rld
Latin American Radio World (LAWR) is rough.Ly
divided into two sections : "station list by
frequency" and "station address". Station list
section includes frequency, power, loction, sche-
dule and "other information". Especially recom-
mended is this "other info": slogan , identifica-
tion (where different from station name) and
activity (not reported recently, inactive, tempo-
rary inactive, etc.) are included . Station ad-
dress section contains postal address, station
director and verie signers (where known). That
is LARW covers every necessary information to
identify a station and obtain a QSL. (The same
editors have another publication specializing
in QSL technique: "The Art of Latin American
QSLing". This might be also recommended.)
''LA DXing" which you are now reading also has a frequency list (Sintonia DX).
But it is not our intention to update it periodically. Therefore, I recommend
LARW as an updater to ''Sintonia DX''. LARW is annualy revised so that the
readers can always be informed of the actual situation of Latin American
radio scene. The editors are well acquainted with station activities through
their own monitoring and other reliable information sources, so that I think
they are in the best position to compil e this kind of list.

BRAZILIAN 3. BRAZILIAN MEDIUM WAVE, SHORT WAVE AND

MEDIUM WAVE
SHORTWAVE
and
FM STATIONS LIST
12th Edition Junl! 1991
by
Antonia Ribl!ira da matta &
Claudia Rotolo di! maral!s
Published by: Suriname DX Club International
Bechanicstraat 58, Paramaribo, Suriname.
Cos ts (worldwide): US$ 4.00 or 8 IRCs.
FM STATION LIST (12th edition / June 1991)
Editors Antonio Ribeiro da Motta and
Claudio Rotolo de Moraes
Publisher Suriname DX Club International
Price US$4.OO.- or 8 IRCs (airmail)
Order fro m: SDXCI, Bechaniestraat 58,
Paramar ibo, Suriname.
In Latin American countries, Braz ilian
stations are well control led by the au-
thorities. Except for some frequency
deviations, almost all Brazilian stations
are operating on assigned channels. The
list relies on both monitoring and offi -
cial information. Therefore, the list is
considered to be most accurate and reli-
able source availab l e concerning station
activities in Brazil. Here al 1 Brazi 1 ian
r1w, SW and FM stations (including con -
struction permitted ones) are listed by
frequency. Other information includes call
sign, power, station name, location,
postal code and schedule.

Radio Educar;ao Rural Lt.da

OM - ZYI 387 - 580 KHz-10 Kw -OT-ZYF-904- 4755 KHz -10 Kw
Registro na JUCEMS 11.90.29/11n9 - C.G.C .M.F. 03.244.472/0001-88
Av. Mato Grosso, 530 - Centro
Cx. P. 261 - Fones: 624-4100 - 382-2238
79100 - Campo Grande - MS
 -180-
4. LATIN AMERICAN VERIFICATION SIGNERS (Edition 9 / September 1991)
Editor David Martin
Price US$6.00 . - or 7 IRCs (postage included)
Order from: David Martin. 9 New Street, Mansfield. VIC 3722. AUSTRALIA

The list is compiled by country, and by frequency within a country. Some 450
verie signers out of over 500 listed radio stations in Central and South
American countries. (There are some station listings without any name of
verie signers. These blanks may imply "hard verifiers". but these are useful
for updating.) In comp iling the list. the editor gains much information
from the following publications: "The Journal" (NASWA). "'Australian DX News"
(ARDXC), "Short Wave News" (DSWCI). "Ecualist" (R.McVicar / HCJB), and WRTH.

Updaters to this list are also compiled. The editor explains as follows:
-The twice-weekly update is only applied to the database, using several
DX magazines and subscribers contributions to the list.
-Monthly updaters are being compiled. Each monthly guide is completely up-
dated. including the previous month's update from that particular page.
(Cost is 2 IRCs.)
-Bi yearly updates are being compil ed, and these are proving to be most
popular among overseas subscribers. They are produced in June and December,
and are normally 5 - 6 pages long. (Cost: 4 IRCs or US$4.00.-)

5. PAMPAS DXING (Monthly publication)

Editor Julian Anderson

Price US$1.00 . - or 2 IRCs per issue
Subscribe to: Julian Anderson. Casilla de Correo 57, Sucursal 40.
1440 Buenos Aires. ARGENTINA

A very comprehensive DX bulletin focussing on Latin American stations, pub-

lised monthly. In addition to own monitoring in Argentina, the editor com-
piles information sent in from DXers living in other Latin American countries
like Peru , Ecuador, Colombia. Thanks to this information network, "Pampas
DXing" is recommended as the most reliable DX bulletin for those looking
seriously for station activities in Latin American area.
Another feature the publication has is the articles written by the editor .
The article sometimes treats directly with the technical/histrorical as pec ts
of Latin American short wavers which are familiar to us; also described
are cultural / geographical aspects of Latin America. which will no doubt
be useful to grasp the background of the area from where our target radio
stations are operating. Some of the best articles appeared in "Pampas DXing"
are reproduced (with some arrangements) here in "LA DXing'' by courtesy of
the editor (see "Ventisca DX" J.

You cannot do without this publication. The information contained therein

also serves as a supplement to the "Latin American Radio World".

jPAMPAS DX-ING!I /ILL TIMES UTC.

LAH INFO ONLY.

* ~: JULIAN ANDERSON - CASILLA DE CORREOS 57, SUCURSAL 40 -

1440 - BUENOS AIRES - ARGENTINA.

• ED'S PHONE NUMBER: +54-1-6878329. ~ : +54-1-3223351. 24 hrs-

* PAMPAS DXING ONLY WISHES TO PROMOTE LATIN - AMERICAN DXING

Number 44 - December, 1991. Day/Month format. PD-12-91.

 -181-
6 . DXER'S GUIDE TO LATIN AMERICA (1989 edition)
Editor L.H. Yamron
Publisher Fine Tuning
Price US$8.00.- (postage incl uded)
Order from: Fine Tuning Special Publications, c/o John Bryant
RT.#5, Box 14-H, Stillwater, OK 74074, U.S.A.

The first edition was published in 1987 . It had a fr eque ncy list with broad-
casting schedule based on the monitoring result in North America. Originally
FINE TUNING's plan was to revise the list annualy with the latest informa -
tion. Unfortunately, the plan has not bee n realized. Instead. the second
edition was appeared in 1989, not as a simple updater of the former edition,
but as a completely new one. In addition to the frequency list , it contains
very in teresting articles as well as i nvaluabl e photos. The publication
is devided into six sections:

A. Frequency List: Latin American stations are listed by frequency with

schedule, from 2310kHz (R.Progresso, Brazil) to 17815kHz (R.Cultura, Brazil).

B. Country List: Stations are listed by frequency with "comments" within

a country. The comments include verie signers, address (where different
from WRTH), activity, parallel freq uenc y, etc.
C. Classic QSL: Very attractive 12 QSL cards in 19 30 /4 0's are shown here.
These QSLs are provided by the Comm ittee to Preserve Radio Verifications
(CRPV), a committee of ANARC.

D. The Thank You Lab ( by D. Moore) : How to write a thank you note to the
station after receiving a QSL. The writer says, "The manager of Radio Popu -
lar, 4800, in Cuenca, Ecuador told me that they used to verify all reports,
but nobody ever wrote back to thank them . They didn't know if it was because
DXers didn't appreciate the veries or if maybe the veries weren't making
it through the mails. Either way, she said they decided that it wasn't worth
their ti me to continue verifying, so they stopped . " An example of thank
you note in Spanish and Portuguese is presented here. I do hope that QSL
collectors make most use of this "thank you lab''.

E. Peruvian Provincial Maps for the DXer CD.Moore): Recently many Peruvian
stations are operating on short wave either legally or illegally, from very
tiny towns in the mountain area where no other communication media are avail -
able. Usually these towns are difficult to find in atlas, therefore, D. Moore
elaborated an original map from Peruvian government map plus supplemental
research in the Ohio University Library.

F. The Future for Shortwave Broadcasting in Central America CD. Moore): Short
wave broadcasting situation a nd future prospects are explained here. The
detailed analysis is mad e on station activity in Guatemal a, Honduras and
"Rest of Central America". Very interesting.
Station information (sections A and B) has already been obsolete. But other
sections never lose the brightness. I do not know if the publication is
still available, but it is worth trying to obtain one, if you are absorbed
in Latin American stations.

Important notice: I tried to

DXER'S
include the most r ecen t infor-
mation on the price. But I
GUIDE TO
recommend you co nfirm .it be-
fore placing an order. In your LATIN AMERICA
inquiry, please do not forget
to enclose some IRCs as a
r et urn postage. Thank you!•!! 1989 EDITION• A FINE TUNING SPECIAL PUBLICATION
 -182-
RADIO NUEVO MUNDO (Mont hly publication)

Editors: Hirotsugu Nabeshima (overseas materials including exchange) and

Nobuyoshi Aoi (materials from domestic members)
Price not for sale
Inquiries: Tetsuya Hirahara (Overseas Charge Secretary), 5-6-6 Nukui-kita
Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184, Japan. (Return postage required.)

A monthly DX bulletin specializing exclusively in Latin American stations

published by RADIO NUEVO MUNDO (RNM). The first edition was issued in
1978 , as a place to exchange information on Latin American stations
among members . RNM has a bulletin of 12 - 24 pages per issue, mainly
in English and partly in Spanish. The bulletin has the regular features
as follows: station loggings; QSL information; El Chasqui DX ; Pampas
DXing; The Radio News; Reports from Sweden, Paraguay, Spain, Italy;
wrth LA-NL. There are also excerpts from exchanging DX bulletins: Review
of International Broadcasting, DX South Florida and Numero Uno. In addi-
tion, irregularly appeared are special reports sent in from correspond-
ents despatched by RNM to Latin American countries: Relampago DX, TICO
DXing, Quetzal DX, Chaco DX, etc. Thus RNM is full of Latin American
information. In other words, RNM is in a jumble. Useful tips are scat-
tered about all pages, and are easily buried. Improvement would b e ex-
pected, though it is very difficult.
RNM is not open to everyone due to limitation of administrative capacity.
The situation is regrettable. But the point is that RNM does not want
to limit an access from DXers interested in Latin American stations.
RNM has always tried its best to expose its wealth of information accumu-
lated in the bulletins ... thus the "LA DX'ing" was born. The first edi-
tion appeared in 1980. The following editions were all great success,
and it is rumored that the sixth edition will soon be available
icuando? iHasta manana!

. ---
SISTEMA INFORMATIVO DE RADIODIFUSION LATINOAMERICANA (SIDERAL) de Radio Nuevo Mundo

-
'
SWEDEN (H.Klemetz/ T.H.Ekblom)

(as of May 1992) . l·

VOZ Y PENSAMIENTO
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ORURO - BOLIVIA