890 Chapter 13 = Radiation Bechange Between Surfaces Find: 1. Rate at which heat must be supplied per unit length of duct. 2. Temperature of the insulated surface Schemati Equlatera ‘wangle Ty = 1200 K VAP err e208 Assumptions: 1. Steady-state conditions exist. 2. All surfaces are opaque, diffuse, gray, and of uniform radiosity and irradiation 3. Convection effects are negligible, 4, Surface R is reradiating, 5. End effects are negligible. Analysis: 1. The system may be modeled as a three-surface enclosure with one surface reradiating, The rate at which energy must be supplied to the heated surface may then be obtained from Equation 13.30: Ey aE aa eA, AF, + (AF) + AF Il eA; From symmetry, Fy; = Fix = Fag = 0.5. Also, Ay = A; = W+L, where L is the duct length. Hence a 5.67 X_10™* Wim? + K* (12008 — 500%) K* Sy) 1 1-04 O8xXIm Imx0S+@+2>'m 04X1m i= or 7 KWim = — 45 <13.3 = Radiation Exchange Between Opaque, Diffuse, Cray Surfaces in an Enclosure 891 2, The temperature of the insulated surface may be obtained from the requirement that Ig = Eng, Where Jy may be obtained from Equation 13,31, However, to use this expres- sion J; and J, must be known. Applying the surface energy balance, Equation 13.19, to surfaces 1 and 2, it follows that qi = 5.67 X 107 Wim? - K* (1200 K)* 1-08 : A=08_ 37.900 Win = Wim? Sots 37,000 Wim = 108,323 Whar £2 4 = 5.67 x 10-* Wim?» K! (500 K)* 1-04 Ba Tw (37:00 Win) = 59,043 Win From the energy balance for the reradiating surface, Equation 13.31, it follows that WXLX0S WXLXO. Hence Je = 83,683 Win” = Eyq = oT n-( 83,683 Wim ) “tek < 5.67 X 107* Wim? + K*) Comments: 1. We would expect the temperature of the reradiating surface to be higher in regions adjacent to surface 1 and lower in regions closer to surface 2. Our intuition corre- sponds to the fact that the surface irradiation and radiosity distributions are not uni- form, calling into question the validity of Assumption 2. The temperature distribution of the reradiating surface could be determined by use of an analytical or numerical approach, as described in Comment 3 of Example 13.3. If each geometric surface were to be subdivided into 10 smaller elements, however, we would need (3 X 10)? = 900 view factors. Precise prediction of radiation heat transfer rates in enclosures whose geometric surfaces are not characterized by uniform radiosity o irradiation distribu- tions involves a trade-off between accuracy and computational effort. 2, The results are independent of the value of ep 3. This problem may also be solved using the direct approach. The solution involves first determining the three unknown radiosities Jj, J>, and Jy. The governing equations are