Question Paper Details

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As per
Computer
Betch CSE 6th CS604B MAKAUT
Graphics
syllabus

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Name Designation Mobile Email id
Sk Mazharul Islam Asst. Prof. 9830105285 mislam2911@gmail.co
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MCQ (Type 1)
A pixel of black-white image or graphic object take space in memory
A. 1 bit
B. 2 bits
C. 1 byte
D. 1 nibble
ANSWER:

The process of representing continuous graphic objects as a collection of discrete pixels is called
A. Animation
B. Rasterization
C. Scan Conversion
D. Sampling
ANSWER:

A pixel of gray-scale image or graphic object take space in memory

A. 1 bit
B. 1 byte
C. 1 nibble
D. 3 bytes
ANSWER:

The process of determining the suitable pixels for representing image or graphic object is called
A. Animation
B. Rasterization
C. Scan-Conversion
D. Quantization
ANSWER:

A pixel of color image or graphic object takes space in memory

A. 1 bit
B. 3 bytes
C. 2 bytes
D. 1 byte
ANSWER:

A graphical technique in which an object is transformed into another in such a way that the change appears to
be smooth and not rapid is called
A. Mapping
B. Scan-Conversion
C. Sampling
D. Quantization
ANSWER:

The resolution of an image is

A. Number of pixels per unit area
B. Number of pixels per unit length in horizontal
C. Number of pixels per unit length in vertical
D. None of these
ANSWER:

The size of a 640*480 image at 240 pixels per inch is

A. 8/3*2 inches
B. 2*2 inches
C. 3*2 inches
D. None of these
ANSWER:

The resolution of 2*2 inch image that has 512*512 pixels is

A. 256*256 pixels per inch
B. 256 pixels per inch
C. 128*128 pixels per inch
D. 128 pixels per inch
ANSWER:

If an image has a height of 2 inches and aspect ratio of 1.5 then its width is
A. 3 inches
B. 0.75 inches
C. 0.75*0.75 inches
D. 1.5*1.5 inches
ANSWER:

If we want to resize a 1024*746 image to one that is 640 pixels wide with the same aspect ratio, the height of
resized image would be
A. 768
B. 512
C. 480
D. 1024
ANSWER:

CMY co-ordinates of a color at (0.2, 1, 0.5) in the RGB space are

A. (1.2,2,1.5)
B. (2.2,2,2.5)
C. (0.8,0,0.5)
D. (0.1,0.5,0.25)
ANSWER:

RGB co-ordinates of a color at (0.15, 0.75, 0) in CMY space

A. (0.85,0.25,1)
B. (1.15,1.75,1)
C. (2.15,2.75,2)
D. None of these
ANSWER:

If we use direct coding of RGB values with 2 bits per primary color, how many possible colors do we have for
each pixel?
A. 32
B. 64
C. 128
D. 16
ANSWER:

If we use 12 bit pixel values in a lookup table representation, how many entries does the lookup table have?
A. 4096
B. 12
C. 2048
D. 96
ANSWER:
Persistence can be defined as
A. Intensity of a pixel
B. Pixels per unit area
C. The duration of phosphorescence exhibited by a phosphor
D. Number of pixels in an image
ANSWER:

The path the electron beam takes at the end of each refresh cycle is called:
A. Horizontal retrace
B. Vertical retrace
C. Diagonal retrace
D. Left to right retrace
ANSWER:

The path the electron beam takes when returning to the left side of the CRT screen is called
A. Horizontal retrace
B. Vertical retrace
C. Diagonal retrace
D. Top to bottom retrace
ANSWER:

Frame buffer is used to store

A. Only pixels
B. Only intensities of pixels
C. Image definition
D. Coordinate values of image
ANSWER:

The best line drawing algorithm among all possible line drawing algorithm is
A. DDA
B. Algorithm which uses direct equation of line
C. Bresenham’s algorithm
D. None of them
ANSWER:

The value of initial decision parameter in bresenham’s line drawing algorithm for │m│<1 is:
A. 2∆y - ∆x
B. 2∆y + ∆x
C. -2∆y + ∆x
D. -2∆y - ∆x
ANSWER:

The best circle drawing algorithm among all possible circle drawing algorithm is:
A. Algorithm uses direct equation of circle
B. Algorithm uses polar coordinate form
C. Bresenham’s circle drawing algorithm
D. Mid point circle drawing algorithm
ANSWER:

The value of initial decision parameter in mid point circle drawing algorithm is:
A. 3-2r
B. 5/4-r
C. 1-2r
D. 3-r
ANSWER:

Points P1(3.2 ,7.8) and P2(3.7,7.1) are both represented by pixel

A. (3,8)
B. (4,7)
C. (3,7)
D. (4,8)
ANSWER:
Pixel phasing is an anti-aliasing technique based on
A. Hardware
B. Software
C. Both hardware and software
D. None of these
ANSWER:

The transformation that enhances or reduces the size of object is called

A. Translation
B. Scaling
C. Shear
D. Rotation
ANSWER:

The transformation that changes the coordinate positions of an object along a circular path is called
A. Translation
B. Scaling
C. Rotation
D. Reflection
ANSWER:

The transformation that changes the coordinate position of an object along a straight line path is called
A. Translation
B. Scaling
C. Rotation
D. Reflection
ANSWER:

The result of two successive 2D rotations R(Q1) and R(Q2) is

A. R(Q1+Q2)
B. R(Q1.Q2)
C. R(Q1-Q2)
D. R(Q1/Q2)
ANSWER:

If we take mirror reflection of a point(x, y) along x-axis and the position of point after mirror reflection is
denoted by (x’, y’), then
A. x’=x ,y’=-y
B. x’=-x ,y’=y
C. x’=x ,y’=y
D. x’=-x, y’=-y
ANSWER:

The Bezier-B-Spline approximation provides for the control of curve shape

A. Local
B. Global
C. Not
D. None of them
ANSWER:

When projection lines perpendicular to the view plane, then such type of projection is called
A. Parallel
B. Perspective
C. Orthographic
D. Oblique
ANSWER:

A polygon is called ------- if the line joining any two interior points of the polygon lies completely inside the
polygon
A. Concave
B. Convex
C. Positively oriented polygon
D. Negatively oriented polygon
ANSWER:

In Cohen-Sutherland line clipping algorithm, if the bitwise logical AND of the region codes is 0000, then line is
A. Visible
B. Not visible
C. A candidate for clipping
D. None of these
ANSWER:

A spline curve is specified by giving a set of coordinate positions, called

A. Interpolate points
B. Control points
C. Approximate points
D. Polygon points
ANSWER:

Which of the following transformations are non-commutative

A. Linear followed by scaling
B. Linear followed by rotation
C. Scaling followed by rotation
D. None of the above
ANSWER:

Reflection of a pointy about x-axis followed by a counter-clockwise rotation of 90°, is equivalent to reflection
about the line
A. x=-y
B. y=-x
C. x=y
D. x + y=1
ANSWER:

Which one of the following is not a linear transformation?

A. F:R³–›R² defined by f(x, y, z)=(x, z)
B. F:R³–›R³ defined by f(x, y, z)=(x,y-1,z)
C. F:R²–›R³ defined by f(x, y)=(2x,y-x)
D. F:R²–›R² defined by f(x, y)=(y, x)
ANSWER:

Raster system display a picture from a definition in a

A. Display file program
B. Frame buffer
C. Display controller
D. None of the above
ANSWER:

Back face removal is an example of

A. Object space method
B. Image space method
C. Combination of both
D. None of the above
ANSWER:

A bilinear transformation can be simulated

A. Translation, rotational and stretching
B. Translation and rotation
C. Rotation, stretching and inversion
D. Rotation, stretching, inversion, and translation
ANSWER:

Choose the correct answer- To construct the rectangle ABCD, it is enough if

A. The length and breadth are given
B. The vertices A and B are given
 C. The vertex A and the length of diagonal are given
D. The vertices A and C are given
ANSWER:

Surfaces that are rough, or grainy, tend to scatter the reflected light in all directions. This scattering light is
called
A. Specular Reflection
B. Diffuse Reflection
C. Point Reflection
D. Object Reflection
ANSWER:

Spline representations in which the degree of a spline polynomial can be set independently of the number of
control points
A. B-Spline
B. Beizer Spline
C. Hermite Spline
D. Cardinal Spline
ANSWER:

Spline curve always pass through what control points

A. First and last
B. First and second
C. Last and second last
D. All control points
ANSWER:

Cubic Bezier Curves are generated by what number of control points

A. 6
B. 4
C. 5
D. 2
ANSWER:

Shadow-mask methods are commonly used in

A. Raster-Scan Systems
B. LED
C. DVST
D. LCD
ANSWER:

In B-Spline curve, if control points are n+1, then the curve is described with the number of blending functions
A. n
B. n+1
C. n-1
D. n+2
ANSWER:

Front, side and rear orthographic projections of an object are called

A. Plan View
B. Elevations
C. Axonometric
D. Isometric
ANSWER:

In orthographic projection, when the direction of projection makes equal angles with exactly two of principal
axes, then such projection is called
A. Isometric
B. Dimetric
C. Trimetric
D. Cavalier
ANSWER:
In hidden surface removal algorithms, when visibility is decided point by point at each pixel position on the
projection plane, then such type of technique is called
A. Object-space
B. Image-space
C. Pixel-space
D. None of them
ANSWER:

In visible-surface detection methods, painter’s algorithm is also called

A. Depth-sorting method
B. Scan-line method
C. A-buffer method
D. Depth-buffer method
ANSWER:

(2, 4) is a point on a circle that has centre at the origin .Which of the following point(s) is/are also on the circle?
A. (2,-4)
B. (-2,4)
C. (4,-2)
D. (-4,2)
ANSWER:

Aspect ratio is generally defined as the ratio of the

A. Vertical to the horizontal points
B. Horizontal to vertical points
C. Vertical to (horizontal+ vertical) points
D. Either A. or B. ,depending on the convention followed
ANSWER:

The line joining (-1,0) and (4,5) ,if clipped against this window will connect the points
A. (0,1) and (3,3)
B. (0,1) and (2,3)
C. (0,1) and (4,5)
D. none of above
ANSWER:

The line segment joining (1,1) and (4,2) if clipped against this window will connect the points
A. (0,1) and (3,3)
B. (0,1) and (2,3)
C. (1,1) and (4,2)
D. none of the above
ANSWER:

The best hidden surface removal algorithm is

A. Painters
B. Depth buffer
C. Area subdivision
D. Depends on the application
ANSWER:

Engineering drawing commonly applies

A. Oblique projection
B. Orthographic projection
C. Perspective projection
D. None of the above
ANSWER:

The basic elements of a picture in volume graphics is

A. Pixel
B. Volsel
C. Voxel
D. None of the above
ANSWER:

The point at which a set is projected parallel lines appear to converge is called as a
A. Convergence point
B. Vanishing point
C. Point of illusion
D. Point of delusion
ANSWER:

Consider the three points ,A(3,6,4);B(2,5,5);C(0,3,7) and the view point V(1,4,6).
A. C hides A and E, if viewed from V
B. C hides A but not B, if viewed from V
C. A hidesn B but not C, if viewed from V
D. B hides A but not C, if viewed from V
ANSWER:

In displaying a clipped picture , the efficient method is

A. Clipping against a window and then applying the window transformation
B. Applying window transformation and then clipping against the viewport
C. Both A. and B. have the same efficiency
D. Efficiency depends on whether the window is an aligned rectangle or not
ANSWER:

The best suited hidden surface algorithm to deal with the non polygonal, non planar surface patches is
A. Painter’s algorithm
B. Z-buffer algorithm
C. Ray tracing
D. Scan line algorithm
ANSWER:

Assuming that one allows 256 depth value level to be used, how much memory would a 512*512 pixel display
required to store down z-buffer
A. 512K
B. 256K
C. 1024K
D. 128K
ANSWER:

A transformation that distorts the shape of an object such that the transformed shape appears as if the object
were composed of internal layers that had been caused to slide over each other, such transformation is called
A. Shear
B. Translation
C. Reflection
D. Rotation
ANSWER:

An area on a display device to which a window is mapped is called

A. Window
B. View-port
C. Monitor
D. Workstation
ANSWER:

The region against which an object is to clipped is called

A. Clip Window
B. Clip View-port
C. Clip Area
D. Clip Region
ANSWER:

A fast method for rendering an object with polygon surface is

A. Ground Shading
B. Flat Shading
C. Phong Shading
D. Fast Phong Shading
ANSWER:

A best method for hidden surface removal is

A. BSP-Tree Method
B. Depth-Sorting Method
C. Scan-Line Method
D. A-buffer Method
ANSWER:

All the following hidden surface algorithms employ image space approach except
A. back face removal
B. depth buffer method
C. scan line method
D. depth sort method
ANSWER:

The best hidden surface removal method(s) used for complex scenes with more than a few thousand surfaces
is/are
A. depth sorting method
B. scan line algorithm
C. depth buffer algorithm
D. octree method
ANSWER:

The subcategories of orthographic projection are

A. Cavalier, cabinet, isometric
B. Cavalier, cabinet
C. Isometric, diametric, trimetric
D. Isometric, cavalier, trimetric
ANSWER:

The clarity of a displayed image depends on the

A. Resolution
B. Floating point precision of the system
C. Associated software
D. Aspect ratio
ANSWER:

In multiple transformation, which of the following are commutative?

A. Successive transformations of the same kind
B. Rotation about a fixed point and translation
C. Uniform scaling and rotation
D. A. and B.
ANSWER:

In the clipping algorithm of Cohen & Sutherland using region codes, a line is already clipped is the,
A. codes of the end points are the same
B. logical AND of the end points code is not 0000
C. logical OR of the end points code is 0000
D. logical AND of the end points code is 0000
ANSWER:

In Sutherland-Hodgman algorithm for polygon clipping, assume P (present point) lies inside the window and S
(previous point) lies outside the window. Then, while processing through that window boundary, we should
A. Store the intersection point of the line PS (S’) only
B. Store the points P and S’
C. Store the point P only
D. Store the points S and S’
ANSWER:

Random-scan monitors are also referred to as

A. Vector display
B. Stroke writing display
C. Calligraphic display
D. None of the above
ANSWER:

The refresh rate below which a picture flickers is

A. 25
B. 30
C. 35
D. 60
ANSWER:

The point (4,1) undergoes the following three transformations successively.

1) Reflection about the line y =x
2) Translation through a unit of 2 units along the positive X-axis.
3) Rotation through an angle of π/4 about the origin in the counter
clockwise direction.
The final position of the point will be)
A.(-1/√2,7/√2)
B. (1,4)
C. (3/√2,-5/√2)
D. (3/√2,5/√2)
ANSWER:

Find the incorrect statement(s). A perspective projection produces realistic views.

A. A parallel projection preserves realistic dimensions.
B. A perspective projection preserves realistic dimensions.
C. A parallel projection gives realistic representations of 3-D objects.
ANSWER:

Oblique projection with an angle of 45 to horizontal position is called as

A. Cabinate projection
B. Isometric projection
C. Cavalier projection
D. None of the above
ANSWER:

Which of the following curves are symmetric around the line x=y?
A. 1+x+y=0
B. y=|x|
C. y=x³
D. | x | + | y | =9
ANSWER:

Choose the correct statement(s)

A. Random scan monitors draw a picture one line at a time.
B. The components line of a random scan picture must be refreshed in a particular order.
C. Raster scan monitors draw a picture one line at a time.
D. Random scan method is well suited for displaying shading and colors areas.
ANSWER:

The perspective anomaly in which the object behind the centre of the projection is projected upside down and
forward onto the view [plane is called as
A. Perspective foreshortening
B. Vanishing view
C. View confusion
D. Topological distortion
ANSWER:

A line connecting the points (1,1) and (5,3) is to be drawn , using the DDA algorithm. Find the values of x and y
increments.
A. x-increment=1; y-increment=1
B. x-increment=0.5; y=increment=1
C. x-increment=1; y=increment=0.5
D. None of the above
ANSWER:

The entire graph of the function f(x) = x² + Kx – x + 9 is strictly above the x-axis if and only if
A. -3 < k < 5
B. -3 < k < 2
C. -3 < k < 7
D. -5 < k < 7
ANSWER:

Perform window to viewport transformation for the point (20,15) Assume that (Xvmin, Yvmin) is (0,0) )
(Xwmax.Ywmax) is (100,100) ; (Xvmin, Yvmin) is (5,5); (Xvmax,Yvmax) is (20,20). The value of x and y the
Viewport is
A. x=4, y =4
B. x =3, y =3
C. x =8, y =7.25
D. x =3, y =4
ANSWER:

Graphics and Image processing techniques used to produce a transformation of one person into another is called
A. Animation
B. Morphine
C. Half toning
D. None of the above
ANSWER:

Refresing on raster scan displays is carried out at the arte of

A. 60 to 80 frames per sec
B. 40 to 60 frames per sec
C. 30 to 60 frames per sec
D. None of the above
ANSWER:

The amount of light emitted by the phosphor coating depends on the

A. Number of electrons striking the screen
B. Speed of electrons striking the screen
C. Distance from the cathode to the screen
D. None of the above
ANSWER:

The maximum number of points that can be displayed without overlap on a CRT is referred to as
A. Resolution
B. Persistence
C. Attenuation
D. None of the above
ANSWER:

Gray scale is used in

A. Monitors that have colour capability
B. Monitors that have no colour capability
C. Random scan displays
D. None of the above
ANSWER:

Shadow mask methods produce

A. Wider range of colors than beam penetration
B. Smaller range of colors than beam penetration
C. Equal number of colors as in beam penetration
D. None of the above
ANSWER:

A common device for drawing, positioning or interactively selecting co-ordinate positions on an object is
A. Digitizer
B. Data glove
C. Joystick
D. None of the above
ANSWER:

In the Bresenhan's algorithm, error term is initialized to

A. 0
B. 1
C. -1/2
D. None of the above
ANSWER:

A circle drawn on the screen appears to be elliptical

A. Screen has rectangular shape
B. CRT is not completely spherical
C. It is due to the aspect ratio of the monitor
D. Our eyes are not at the same level as the screen
ANSWER:

In the generation of circle by Bresenhan's algorithm, it is simple to generate

A. All octants
B. One octant first and others by successive reflection
C. One octant first and others by successive rotation
D. One octant first and others by successive translation
ANSWER:

Which of the following algorithms can be used for circle generation?

A. Bresenham's algorithm
B. Midpoint algorithm
C. Both A. and B.
D. None of the above
ANSWER:

Which of the following pixels will not be "ON" for drawing an origin-centered circle with radius 8?
A. 0,8
B. 1,8
C. 4,6
D. 5,6
ANSWER:

Window is associated with

A. Object
B. Image
C. Both A. and B.
D. None of the above
ANSWER:

A line with end point codes as 0000 and 0100 is

A. Partially invisible
B. Completely visible
C. Trivially visible
D. Completely invisible
ANSWER:

Which of the following are transformations?

A. Translation
B. Rotation
C. Shearing
D. All of the above
ANSWER:

How many matrices are required to rotate an object about a point (x, y)
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
ANSWER:

Short Question (Type 2)

1. Describe graphics rendering pipeline. What is frame buffer(2 + 0.5)

2.Write the algorithm for Bresenham's line algorithm algorithm (2.5)
3.Describe the working principal of CRT monitors. (2.5)
4.Draw the general architecture of a raster scan system and the logical operation of the video
controller.(2.5)
5.Describe Cyrus-beck line clipping algorithm. (2.5)
6.Describe video controller refresh operations. (2.5)
7.Describe oblique projection. (2.5)
8.How text displays in raster scan system. (2.5)
9.What is the vanishing point and Cavalier and Cabinet projection? (1+.75+.75 )
10.Discuss the properties of Bezier curve and B-Spline.

Subjective Question(Type 3) and Broad Question (Type 4)

1. A Bezier curve is to be drawn given the control points P 1(40,40), P2(10,40), P3(60,60), P4(60,0). Calculates the
coordinates of the points on the curve corresponding to the parameters t=0.2, 0.4, 0.6.Draw a rough sketch of
the curve and show coordinates of various points on it. (5)
2. A parametric cubic spline passes through the points (0, 0), (2, 4), (4, 3), (5, -2) which are parameterized at t= 0,
1/4, 3/4, and 1, respectively. Determine the geometric coefficient matrix and the slope of the curve when t=0.5.
(5)
3. Derive the general perspective transformation onto a plane with reference point R0(X0,Y0,Z0), normal vector
N=n1i+n2j+n3k and using C(a, b, c) as the center of projection. (5)
4. Use Liang-Barsky line clipping algorithm to clip the line P 1(-15,-30) to P2(30,60) against the window having
diagonally opposite corners as(0,0) and(15,15). (5)
5. A mirror is vertically placed such that it passes through (20, 0) and (0, 20). Find the reflected view of a triangle
with vertices (30, 40), (50, 50) and (40, 70) in this mirror. (5)

6. Write the Scan-line polygon filling algorithm. What are the differences between raster scan devices
and random scan devices? (3.5 + 1.5)
7. Reflect the triangle ABC about the line 3x-4y+8=0.The position vector of the co-ordinate ABC is given
by as A(4,1), B(5,2), and C(4,3). (5)
8.Using midpoint circle drawing algorithm plot a circle whose radius=10 units. (5)
Consider the square A(1,0),B(0,0),C(0,1) and D(1,1). Rotate the square ABCD by 45 0 clockwise about
A (1, 0). (5)
9.Short notes : any two (2.5 x 2)
a. Cohen –Sutherland Line Clipping Algorithm
b. Liang-Barsky Line Clipping Algorithm
c. Cyrus-Beck Line Clipping Algorithm