8`

Aminoglycosides

Under supervision of :

Dr. Sara Mohamed Hesham

Prepared by :

Hanan Yosry Mohamed

 1-Gentamicin 2-neomycin
Generic name Gentamicin sulfate neomycin sulfate

Trade name Apigent -biogentacin-cidomycin – mycifradin _neofradin

gental –garamycin -farcocin-genmycin- _neo tab
gentamycin-refobacin-rigaminol

Dosage form In topical preparations as (ointment- Tablets and oral solution.

cream)
- IV injection
-eye drops
concentration In topical preparation: ( 0.1 – 0.3%)
-injection (20-40-80 mg/ml )
Use Used for (bacteremia _kidney infection
_plaque _cystic fibrosis _bacterial
endocarditis prevention bone infection
And In multi ingredients medication
with prednisolone ophthalmic used in
blepharitis. Conjunctivitis
Dose Adult :
Conventional dosing
3-5 mg/kg/day intravenously/intramuscularly
(IV/IM) divided every 8 hours
Extended dosing interval (every 24 hours or more)
Initial: 4-7 mg/kg/dose IV once/day
Base dose on lean body weight
Subsequent doses: Consult pharmacist
Pediatric
Children 5 years and older: 2-2.5 mg/kg/dose
intravenously/intramuscularly (IV/IM) every 8
hours
Children under 5 years: 2.5 mg/kg/dose IV/IM
every 8 hours
Ointment : Apply to affected area 3 to 4 times per day
500 mg. 350 mg
1_for treatment of hepatic
encephalopathy by inhibiting
ammonia forming bacteria in
GI tract.
2_perioperative prophylaxis.
adjunct to mechanical
cleansing of the large
intestine in patients
undergoing Colorectal
surgery.
3_Hypercholesterolemia. its
therapeutic value may be due
in part to reduction in GI
absorption of cholesterol.
For hepatic encephalopathy :
Adult 4_12g daily in four
divided dose.
Children 100 mg /kg daily in
four divided doses.
For preoperative
prophylaxis.for 8am surgery
give one gram neomycin
sulfate and one gram
erythromycin at 1pm.
For hyper cholesterolemia
0.5_2g not use for long term.
 3- kanamycin 4- amikacin
Generic name kanamycin sulfate amikacin sulfate
Trade name kantrex amikin_amiglyde
__amikacin.)
Dosage form intravenous and intravenous and
intramuscular injection intramuscular injection
solution. solution
Concentration 333 mg /ml 50 mg/ml _250 mg/ml
_1g/4ml _500 mg /2ml
Use for bacterial infection For short-term treatment of
caused by E.coli serious infections due to
susceptible strains of Gram-
_Klebsiella pneumonia
negative bacteria, including
_Proteus species Pseudomonas species,
_serratia marcescens. Escherichia coli, species of
indole-positive and indole-
negative Proteus, Providencia
species, Klebsiella-
Enterobacter-Serratia species,
and Acinetobacter (Mima-
Herellea) species. Amikacin
may also be used to treat
Mycobacterium avium and
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
infections.

Dose for intramuscular route 15 mg/kg IM or IV (over 30 to

15 Mg/kg daily in two 60 minutes) per day, given in
2 to 3 equal doses at equally
equally divided dose
divided intervals
For intravenous route 15 Maximum dose: 15
mg /kg daily must be mg/kg/day
administered slowly Duration of therapy: 7 to 10
days
 5- Tobramycin 6- Streptomycin
Generic name tobramycin Streptomycin sulfate
Trade name Tobrin. Tobradex.Torbrex streptomycin
Dosage form Ophthalmic ointment. injection, powder,
Ophthalmic drop. lyophilized, for solution
Nebulizer solution for
inhalation
Concentration ointment contains 0.3 Reconstitute vial containing 1
%of tobramycin. g streptomycin powder with
4.2, 3.2, or 1.8 mL of sterile
Nebulizer solution :each
water for injection to provide
single dose 5ml ampoule a solution containing
contains 300 mg approximately 200, 250, or
tobramycin 400 mg/mL, respectively.1
Use treatment of 1_for treatment of tuberculosis
caused by(mycobacterium
Pseudomonus tuberculosis)
aeruginosa. Lung 2_non tuberculosis infections as
infection. Also being Pasteurella pestis (plague),
investigated for use in Francisella tularensis (tularemia),
Brucella,
treatment of sinus Calymmatobacterium
infection. granulomatis (donovanosis,
granuloma inguinale),
H. ducreyi (chancroid),
H. influenzae (in respiratory,
endocardial, and meningeal
infections - concomitantly with
another antibacterial agent),
K. pneumoniae pneumonia
(concomitantly with another
antibacterial agent),

Dose Eye Infection Moderate-Severe Infections

Mild/moderate
Ointment: Apply ½ in. (1.25
cm) to affected eye(s) q8-12hr
Solution: 1-2 drops q4-6hr;
may be increased to q1-2hr
during initial 24-48 hours
Severe
1-2 g/day IM divided q6-12hr;
no more than 2 g/day
Tuberculosis
Daily therapy: 15 mg/kg IM
qDay; no more than 1 g/day
Twice weekly therapy: 25-30
mg/kg IM 2 times/week; no
Ointment: Apply ½ in. (1.25
cm) to affected eye(s) q3-4hr
Solution: 2 drops q30-60min,
then less frequently after
improvement; for
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 2
drops q5min for 1 hour
more than 1.5 g/day
Tularemia
1-2 g IM in divided doses for
7-10 days or until patient is
afebrile for 5-7 days
Plague
15 mg/kg IM q12hr for
minimum 10 days