E.O. No. 1 established the Philippine Truth Commission (PTC) to investigate reports of graft and corruption during the previous administration. Petitioners argued the E.O. was unconstitutional as it violated separation of powers by creating a new public office, duplicated the powers of existing agencies like the Ombudsman, and violated the equal protection clause. The Supreme Court ruled the E.O. was unconstitutional and violated the equal protection clause as the PTC duplicated the functions of existing agencies tasked with investigating graft and corruption.
E.O. No. 1 established the Philippine Truth Commission (PTC) to investigate reports of graft and corruption during the previous administration. Petitioners argued the E.O. was unconstitutional as it violated separation of powers by creating a new public office, duplicated the powers of existing agencies like the Ombudsman, and violated the equal protection clause. The Supreme Court ruled the E.O. was unconstitutional and violated the equal protection clause as the PTC duplicated the functions of existing agencies tasked with investigating graft and corruption.
E.O. No. 1 established the Philippine Truth Commission (PTC) to investigate reports of graft and corruption during the previous administration. Petitioners argued the E.O. was unconstitutional as it violated separation of powers by creating a new public office, duplicated the powers of existing agencies like the Ombudsman, and violated the equal protection clause. The Supreme Court ruled the E.O. was unconstitutional and violated the equal protection clause as the PTC duplicated the functions of existing agencies tasked with investigating graft and corruption.
BIRAOGO V. PHILIPPINE TRUTH COMMISSION 2010, G. R. No. 192935.
December 7, 2010 (CASE DIGEST)
CONSTITUTIONAL LAW I CASE DIGEST TOPIC: POWERS OF THE EXECUTIVE LOUIS "BAROK" C. BIRAOGO, petitioner, v. THE PHILIPPINE TRUTH COMMISSION OF 2010, respondent. G.R No. 192935. December 7, 2010 REP. EDCEL C. LAGMAN, REP. RODOLFO B. ALBANO, RR., REP. SIMEON A. DATUMANONG, and REP. ORLANDO B. FUA, SR., petitioner, v. EXECUTIVE SECRETARY AND MANAGEMENT SECRETARY FLORENCIO B. ABAD, respondent. G.R. No. 193036. December 7, 2010 MENDOZA, J.: FACT: E.O No. 1 establishing the Philippine Truth Commission (PTC) of 2010 was signed by President Aquino. The said PTC is a mere branch formed under the Office of the President tasked to investigate reports of graft and corruption committed by third-level public officers and employees, their co-principals, accomplices and accessories during the previous administration and submit their findings and recommendations to the President, Congress and the Ombudsman. However, PTC is not a quasi-judicial body, it cannot adjudicate, arbitrate, resolve, settle or render awards in disputes between parties. Its job is to investigate, collect and asses evidences gathered and make recommendations. It has subpoena powers but it has no power to cite people in contempt or even arrest. It cannot determine for such facts if probable cause exist as to warrant the filing of an information in our courts of law. Petitioners contends the Constitutionality of the E.O. on the grounds that. It violates separation of powers as it arrogates the power of Congress to create a public office and appropriate funds for its operation; The provisions of Book III, Chapter 10, Section 31 of the Administrative Code of 1987 cannot legitimize E.O. No. 1 because the delegated authority of the President to structurally reorganize the Office of the President to achieve economy, simplicity, and efficiency does not include the power to create an entirely new office was inexistent like the Truth Commission; The E.O illegally amended the Constitution when it made the Truth Commission and vesting it the power duplicating and even exceeding those of the Office of the Ombudsman and the DOJ. It violates the equal protection clause ISSUE: WHETHER OR NOT the said E.O is unconstitutional. RULING: Yes, E.O No. 1 should be struck down as it is violative of the equal protection clause. The Chief Executive’s power to create the Ad hoc Investigating Committee cannot be doubted. Having been constitutionally granted full control of the Executive Department, to which respondents belong, the President has the obligation to ensure that all executive officials and employees faithfully comply with the law. With AO 298 as mandate, the legality of the investigation is sustained. Such validity is not affected by the fact that the investigating team and the PCAGC had the same composition, or that the former used the offices and facilities of the latter in conducting the inquiry.