Centrifugal Pump Piping Design Layout

1/9/2019 Centrifugal Pump Piping Design Layout
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Centrifugal Pump Piping Design Layout

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Layout arrangement for Centrifugal Pump Piping

1. GENERAL
The design of a piping system can have an important e ect on the successful operation
of a centrifugal pump.
pump Such items as pump design, suction piping design, suction and
discharge pipe size and pipe supports must all be carefully considered. A typical
horizontal centrifugal pump installation is illustrated in Fig.CPP1, CPP2, CPP3.
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Selection of the discharge pipe size is primarily a matter of economics. The cost of
various pipe sizes must be compared to the pump size and power cost required to
overcome the resulting friction head.
1.1 The suction piping size and design is far more important. Many centrifugal pump
troubles are caused by poor suction conditions.
1.2 The suction pipe should never be smaller than the suction nozzle of the pump and
in most cases it should be at least one size larger. Suction pipes should be as short and
as straight as possible.
Suction pipe velocities should be in the 1.0 – 1.5 metre per second range, unless
suction conditions are unusually good. Higher velocities will increase the friction loss
and can result in trouble some air and vapour separation. This is further complicated
when elbows or tees are located adjacent to the pump suction nozzle. In that case
uneven ow patterns or vapour separation keeps the liquid from evenly lling the
impeller. This upsets hydraulic balance leading to noise, vibration, possible
cavitation and excessive shaft de ection. Cavitation, erosion damage, shaft breakage or
permature bearing failure etc. may result.

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1.3 On pump installations involving suction lift, air pockets in the suction line can be a Piping engineering
source of trouble. The suction pipe should be exactly horizontal or with a uniform slope
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upward from the sump to the pump as illustrated in Fig.CPP7. There should be no high
spots where air can collect and cause the pump to lose its prime. Eccentric rather than
concentric reducers with at side top should always be used.
1.4 If an elbow is required at the suction of a double suction pump, it should be in a

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vertical position if at all possible. Where it is necessary for some reason to use a
horizontal elbow, it should be a long radius elbow and there should be a minimum of Your email:
ve diameters of straight pipe between elbow and the pump suction as illustrated in
Fig.CPP9.
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2. LOCATION
2.1 Common location of pumps in chemical and petrochemical plant is under the
piperack at grade.
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Pumps are to be placed close to and below the vessels from which they take their
Piping Layout Drawings Abbreviations and
suction in order to have net-positive suction head (NPSH) required by the pump. Legends
 July 12, 2017
2.2 Any reduction in suction line size required at pumps should be made with eccentric
reducers, with at side up to avoid accumulation of vapour pocket. Changes in direction Nozzle Orientation Drawing
 July 12, 2017
of suction lines should be at least 600mm away from the pump suction.
Centrifugal Pump Piping Design Layout
2.3 Pumps should be arranged in line with drivers facing the access gangway.  July 12, 2017
Clearances and piping should provide free access to one side of the driver and pump.
There must be good access to gland / seal and coupling where most of the Tank farm: Types, Design Considerations,
Plot Plan Arrangement, Dyke Enclosure-
maintenance and adjustments are done. Part 1
 July 12, 2017
2.4 With normal piperack column spacing of 6m, it is generally found that only two
pumps of average size can be arranged between the columns, with a preferred
clearance of 1m between the pumps.
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The clearance between any structure / steel work and the pump discharge line shall
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0.75m minimum. For small pumps upto 18 KW, clearance between pumps should be address...
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0.9m minimum. A space of 2 – 2.5 m should be provided for working aisle.
A typical arrangement of pumps is illustrated in Fig.CPP4, CPP5, CPP6.

2.5 Means of lifting should be provided for pumps or motor weighing more than 25Kg. Piping-engineering
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3. Steps to do Pump Piping

Step 1 : Collect the P&ID and the pump data sheet.
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Step 2 : Study the pump data sheet and collect the similar (capacity / head) pump
dimensions / nozzle position. 2 friends like this
Step 3 : Analyse the location and the space provided in the unit plot plan w.r.t. suction
and discharge line routing.
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Step 4 : Review the maintenance / operation space around and lifting facility.
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Step 5 : Locate the control station, Electrical push button station, Electrical-trench,
process uid drain, ushing / cooling connection as required for the pump model.
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Step 6 : Check elevations of all valve handwheels on suction as well as discharge line
and provide common platform for valve operation, if required.
Step 7 : Make Iso sketch for suction and discharge line with all the items as per P&ID
and discuss with process engineer for any change.
Step 8 : Finalise supports of the line and issue for stress analysis, if required.
Step 9 : Get the stress analysis report for Nozzle loads. Compare the allowable loads
with the actual load for any change & nalisation.
Step 10 : Finalise location of pump / drain or trench / Electrical cable route and issue
civil information to civil for foundation design.
Step 11 : Keep necessary insert plate on the foundation block for support of push
button switch, small lines for ushing / cooling manifold. Sign up to get latest FREE articles right to your inbox!
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4. PUMP PIPING :
4.1 HORIZONTAL CENTRIFUGAL PUMP :
A typical horizontal centrifugal pump suction and discharge piping arrangements is

illustrated in Fig.CPP7.
4.2 Pump suction piping shall be as short as possible and shall be arranged so that
vapour pockets are avoided.
4.3 Reducers immediately connected to the pump suction shall be eccentric type at
side up to avoid accumulation of gas pocket.
4.4 For end suction pumps, elbows shall not be directly connected to the suction
ange. A straight piece 3 times the line size shall have to be provided at the suction
nozzle. This is illustrated in Fig.CPP8.
The e ect of elbow directly on suction is illustrated in Fig.CPP9.
4.5 For top suction, pump elbow shall not be directly connected to suction ange. A
straight piece of minimum 5 times the nozzle size shall have to be provided at the
suction nozzle.
4.6 T-type strainers are to be used for permanent as well as temporary to avoid
disassembly of suction piping for strainer cleaning.
4.7 Piping shall be so arranged that forces and moments imposed on the pump
nozzles do not exceed the allowable values speci ed by the vendor.
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4.8 When a suction vessel operates under vacuum the vent connection of the pump
has to be permanently connected to vapour space of the suction vessel to allow
possible lling of the pump with liquid before it is started.
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4.9 For pumps handling hot uid, the rst factor concerns the support of pump piping
which often includes large expansion loops for exibility. When the pumps are Enter email address...
located
below the piperack (to reduce possibility of hydrogen leakage over motor), support
becomes easy otherwise the designer should consult stress engineer for best location
of stops and hanger. With the optimum layout and support, it is to be ensured that the
loadings on the pump nozzles are not exceeded beyond the allowable limits.
4.10 Piping con guration for a group of pumps of similar size shall follow identical
pattern and the stress analysis of one pump piping should be applicable to the other
pumps.
4.11 Auxiliary Pump Piping Arrangements:
The Auxiliary piping are usually cooling water to mechanical seals, bearings, stu ng
boxes, gland quench and lantern ring ush.
When pump uid is used, a line is attached to the vent connection on the pump case.
The circulated seal uid has to be sent back to pump stream or referred through the
seal to pump internal clearances.
In viscous or high temperature hydrocarbon liquids, the seal uid medium circulates
from external source through connections on the pump seal.
Various Auxiliary piping plan is recommended in API 610 for proper selection according
to design requirements.
4.12 Pump vendors usually supply the Auxiliary piping and the neat arrangements
of these piping and its support are to be ensured by the designer while reviewing the
vendor document. Fig.CPP10 illustrates one typical Auxiliary piping arrangement on the
pump base plate.
4.13 A typical arrangement for piping and valves operation is illustrated in

Fig.CPP11 with maintenance and operation access.
4.14 A typical suction and discharge piping arrangement with common platform
for operation of valves connected to two adjacent pumps is illustrated in Fig.CPP12 and
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CPP13.
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5. SUCTION BASIN OF PUMP
5.1 The basin for the intake of centrifugal pump shall be designed and sized properly
for smooth function of the pump. The recommendations of hydraulic institute Subscribe
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illustrated in Fig.CPP14.
5.2 The ow of uid to the suction bell should be even, smooth and stream lined
without any vortices.
5.3 A typical sump with the components and relative dimensions of clearance and
submergence is illustrated in Fig.CPP15.
5.4 For multiple pump installations with high capacity pumps, the analysis of a
proposed intake design are often made by use of a scale model of the intake basin with
all parts such as ba es, screens, gates, separating walls etc.
The large basin is required to ensure low inlet velocity (approx. 2 ft. per sec.) and to
eliminate vortexing at the bell mouth.
5.5 A typical sump pit with pump is illustrated in Fig CPP16. This sump is the collection
pit of waste material coming through a pipeline. A screen at the mouth of the pump
avoids choking / fouling of the pump during operation. The discharge of the pump may
go to a slope tank / pond / waste-removal tanker.

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Fig CPP1: Centirfugal pump drawing (Type-1)

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Fig CPP2: Centirfugal pump drawing (Type-2)
Fig CPP3: Centirfugal pump drawing (Impeller) Sign up to get latest FREE articles right to your inbox!
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Fig CPP4: Typical pump location plan

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Fig CPP5: Typical access for Maintenance
Fig CPP6: Typical pump locations-Elevation

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Fig CPP7: Air pockets in suction piping Subscribe Unsubscribe 

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Fig CPP8: Typical pump suction & discharge piping

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Fig CPP9: Elbow at pump suction

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Fig CPP10: Typical auxiliary pump piping

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Fig CPP11: Maintenance & operation access requirements

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Fig CPP12: Typical suction/discharge piping, plan & elevation

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Fig CPP13: Typical suction/discharge piping, front view


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Fig CPP14: Multiple pump installation (Vertical pumps)

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Fig CPP15: Sump dimensions, plan view, wet pit type pumps
Fig CPP16: Typical sump with pump
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8 COMMENTS
Marty Metz
July 17, 2015 at 8:52 pm
Very Helpful
Thank you
Reply
N. senthil kumaran
October 28, 2015 at 2:31 am
Useful technical details.

Thank you very much
Reply
Salman Malik
January 25, 2016 at 7:47 am
Quite Helpful.
Thanks
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Reply

suraj balsara
May 6, 2016 at 10:01 am Your email:
very useful
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SARAVANAN SUBRAMANI
June 26, 2016 at 1:11 pm
can any send some important points of pump suction piping,heat exchanger
piping,piperack piping,column piping
Reply
Piping engineering
July 17, 2016 at 1:14 pm
Hi Saravanan, you can refer to some of the posts below.

Pump suction piping
Above article- http://www.piping-engineering.com/layout-arrangement-
for-centrifugal-pump-piping.html
Heat exchanger piping
1. http://www.piping-engineering.com/heat-exchanger-piping-design-
guide.html
2. http://www.piping-engineering.com/air-cooled-heat-exchanger.html
Piperack piping
1. http://www.piping-engineering.com/pipe-rack-piping-study.html
2. http://www.piping-engineering.com/piperack-pipes-routing-structure-
in-plant.html
3. http://www.piping-engineering.com/piperack-bridge-design- ow-
chart.html
Column piping
http://www.piping-engineering.com/column-piping-study-layout-nozzle-
orientation-platforms-requirements.html
Hope these help
AJ.
Reply

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saif methar
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October 6, 2016 at 6:19 am
tnx so much!! vry helpful !
Reply
Randi
November 10, 2016 at 12:43 pm
thanks, very helpful

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1/9/2019 Centrifugal Pump Piping Design Layout

⌂ Home » Introduction » Centrifugal Pump Piping Design Layout

Centrifugal Pump Piping Design Layout

Layout arrangement for Centrifugal Pump Piping

Operation & Maintenance -

permature bearing failure etc. may result.

1.4 If an elbow is required at the suction of a double suction pump, it should be in a

A typical arrangement of pumps is illustrated in Fig.CPP4, CPP5, CPP6.

3. Steps to do Pump Piping

A typical horizontal centrifugal pump suction and discharge piping arrangements is

The e ect of elbow directly on suction is illustrated in Fig.CPP9.

4.11 Auxiliary Pump Piping Arrangements:

4.13 A typical arrangement for piping and valves operation is illustrated in

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Fig CPP5: Typical access for Maintenance

Fig CPP6: Typical pump locations-Elevation

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Fig CPP8: Typical pump suction & discharge piping

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Fig CPP9: Elbow at pump suction

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Fig CPP11: Maintenance & operation access requirements

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Fig CPP12: Typical suction/discharge piping, plan & elevation

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Fig CPP13: Typical suction/discharge piping, front view

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Fig CPP14: Multiple pump installation (Vertical pumps)

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Fig CPP16: Typical sump with pump

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Operation & Maintenance - Electromecanical Work

Useful technical details.

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Hi Saravanan, you can refer to some of the posts below.

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thanks, very helpful

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