Class XI

Biological classification: Shape and structure of bacteria, differences between

bacteria and cyanobacteria, viral diseases, the difference between Gram-positive
and Gram-negative bacteria are some topics which can be asked outside the NCERT
Biology.

Plant Kingdom: Ploidy of various structures of Gymnosperms and Angiosperms should

be read outside the NCERT biology

Structural organization in animals: Location of each type of tissues,

characteristics of muscle tissues, coelom of Cockroach

Cell: the unit of life: Detailed concepts of Endoplasmic Reticulum, Nucleus and
Plasma Membrane, Pathway of protein secretion

Biomolecules: Enzyme Binding Concept, Allosteric Regulation, Concept Of Km,

Structures of Glucose, Galactose, Fructose, Bonds in different Protein structures,
diseases due to vitamin deficiency, types of enzyme inhibition

Cell Cycle and Cell Division: Numericals based on chromosome number in different
phases of cell cycle, Checkpoints, Inhibitors of the cell cycle,
Transport in plants: Numerical Based on Osmosis, Ring Girdled Experiment, K+ influx

Photosynthesis in higher plants: Examples of C3 and C4 cycles, CAM pathway

Respiration in plants: Pentose phosphate shuttle, ATP, NADH and FADH gain in
various cycles, Inhibitors of ETS, RQ of Germinating Seeds and Organic Acids

Digestion and absorption: Dental Formula of the infant, BMR full form and
definition, enamel composition, mode and organ responsible for absorption of
glucose, fructose, galactose, and amino acids, functions of GI Hormones, Paneth
Cells, Kupffer Cells, Argentaffin Cells.

Breathing and exchange of gases: the function of pleural fluid, factors like pH,
temp, and CO2 and corresponding graph shifts of O2 dissociation curve affecting
respiration, Haemoglobin composition and why fetal hemoglobin has more affinity for
oxygen than normal hemoglobin? Why Hb is used in place of Myoglobin? Dissociation
curve of myoglobin, Altitude sickness

Neural control and coordination: Different Lobes of Cerebrum and their functions,
CSF functions and its location, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease,
neurotransmitters, i.e., activators other than Acetylcholine and inhibitors like
GABA, Causes, and remedy of Myopia, Heteromyopia, Concept of astimagatism,
presbyopia, cataract, and glaucoma.

Locomotion and movement: Number of cranial and spinal nerves, characteristics of

various joints

Chemical coordination and integration (Just look for few diseases that are not
given in NCERT but was asked in AIPMT/NEET)

Body fluids and circulation: Ca2+ and Mg2+ role in the regulation of Heart Beat,
Angioplasty, Angiography just basic idea, Ischemia, the difference between carotid
and coronary artery, the difference between Artery and Vein

Class XII
Human Reproduction: (Study little bit in detail as anything can be asked)

Reproductive Health: Hysterectomy, Ectopic Pregnancy, causative agents of STDs

Evolution: Numerical of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, Speciation (Types Of Species),

Mutation Theory, Human Evolution sequence

Principles of Inheritance and variation: Numerical, Complementary Genes,

Supplementary Genes, Dominant and Recessive Epistasis, Edward's Syndrome, Patau's
Syndrome (Only Chromosome No., Chimera, Genic Balance Theory,

Molecular basis of inheritance: Eukaryotic DNA Polymerase, Detailed Concept of

translation, Types of Mutations, allolactose is the mainly used inducer for lac
operon, cistron, recon definitions, types of histone, packaging of DNA

Human health and Diseases: Vaccines and their generations, Organ Transplantation
and types

Organisms and populations: r-selected and k-selected species, numerically based on

population attributes, types of adaptations and their examples

Ecosystem: Numericals based on NPP and GPP, 10% law of energy transfer, the
sequence of hydrarch and xerarch succession, ecological pyramids of forest, oceans,
grassland and pond ecosystem

Biodiversity and conservation: Name of extinct, endangered, vulnerable and

critically endangered species, alpha, beta and gamma diversity, the habitat of
particular animals in respective national parks, national parks and their location,
concept of endemic species
Environmental issues (Dates are important and UN Parties of climate change)