Professional Documents
Culture Documents
• Strengths of Bonds
Nonpolar
Polar Ionic
Covalent
Covalent Network
Ionic Metallic
Macromolecules
Polar Covalent
Chem-is-try 37
Ionic Constituent Particles
Chem-is-try 38
Strengths of Bonds
Ionic Substances
• High Melting & Boiling Points due to Stronger Bond Force
Covalent Substances
• Low Melting & Boiling Points due to Weaker Bond Force
Conductivity
Ionic Substances
• Create Ions which are great conductors
• Metallic Ions are the best conductors
• Melted Ions of other fashions (or free ions in water) are the next best conductors.
Covalent Substances
• Poor electrical conduction in all physical states.
Solubility
What’s needed to break these substances apart in liquids?
Ionic Substances
• Polar Liquids – Water
Covalent Substances
• Nonpolar Liquids – Lipids (Oils, fats)
Chem-is-try 39
Summary
Ionic Compounds
• Solids unless melted at extremely high temperatures (made of Ions)
• High melting & boiling point
• Conduct electricity when disassociated in water
• Metals are ionic conductors
• Break apart in polar liquids (water)
Covalent Compounds
• Gases, liquids, or solids (molecules)
• Low melting & boiling point
• Poor electrical conductors as solids, liquids, or gases
• Breaks apart in nonpolar liquids (oils; heated fats)
Chem-is-try 40