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P633 RELAY DEMONSTRATION TEST CONFIDENTIAL

The information contained
PROCEDURE NOTES in this document is not to
be communicated either
directly or indirectly to any
person not authorized to
receive it.

SUMMARY:

This report is intended to explain procedures for demonstrating the main functions of
the P633 relay using an Omicron test set or similar.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION

2. EQUIPMENT REQUIRED

3. INITIAL CONFIGURATION

4. PRODUCT CHECKS

5. DIFFERENTIAL FUNCTION TESTS

6. RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT FUNCTIONAL TESTS

7. OVERFLUX FUNCTIONAL TESTS

8. ON-LOAD TESTS
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1. INTRODUCTION

The following procedures are written for demonstrating the main

protection functions of the P633 relay using an Omicron test set or
similar. This document is not meant to be a complete commissioning
procedure but could be referred to when performing commissioning
tests in association with the commissioning section of the service
manual.
The test configuration is based on a standard relay to test set
connections and initial (mostly default) P633 settings. The procedures
will state if a deviation from the standard connections or initial settings
is required for testing a particular function. For specific on site
applications only enabled functions would be tested using application
specific settings.

Important :

The testing engineer should familiarize himself with menu

navigation, setting change etc. from front panel as well as
MiCOM S1. Please refer to relevant sections in the TECHNICAL
MANUAL.

2. EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED

1. Three phase relay test set :

Omicron CMC156/256
2. Digital Multimeter
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3. INITIAL CONFIGURATION
3.1. P633 CONNECTIONS
Connector Terminal no.
Voltage X031 1,2
Winding - 1
Current A X031 3,4
Current B 5,6
Current C 7,8
Current N 9,10
Winding-2
Current A X051 1,2
Current B 3,4
Current C 5,6
Current N 7,8
Winding-3
Current A X071 1,2
Current B 3,4
Current C 5,6
Current N 7,8
Power supply X201 25(+),26(-)
Opto input-1 X201 18(+),19(-)
Opto input-2 20(+),21(-)
Opto input-3 22(+),24(-)
Opto input-4 23(+),24(-)
Output relay- X181 (1,2-4,5-NC)(3,2-6,5-NO)
Output relay- (7,8-10,11-NC)(9,8-12,11-NO)
Output relay- (13,14-15,17-NC)(15,14-18,17-NO)
Output relay- (19,20-NC)(21,20-NO)
Output relay- (22,23-NC)(24,23-NO)
Output relay- (25,26-NC)(27,26-NO)
Output relay- X201 (1,2 –NO) (3,4 - NO)
Output relay- (5,6 –NC) (7,6 –NO)
Output relay- (8,9 –NO)
Output relay- (10,11 –NO)
Output relay- (10,12 –NO)
Output relay- (10,13 –NO)
Output relay- (10,14 –NO)
Output relay- (15,16 –NC) (17,16 –NO)
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3.2. P633 INITIAL SETTINGS

Load default settings into relay from either MiCOM S1 or restart the
relay with COLD START option (Operation/Control and
testing/MAIN/Cold restart – execute). For COLD START; disable MAIN
protection, if it is enabled. After COLD START , “out of service” LED is
steadily lit and “alarm” LED is blinking. To reset alarm, go to
Operation/Control and testing/MT_RC/Reset recording – execute.
By default, the frequency is set to 50 Hz. Change this to 60 Hz, if
required. (Parameters/Function parameters/Global/MAIN/ Nominal freq.
Fnom – 50 Hz or 60 Hz)

4. PRODUCT CHECKS

4.1 POWER UP TESTS

During power up, check that all LEDs light up.

After auxiliary voltage is applied, check that LED indicators for “Healthy
(H1)” and “Out of service (H2)” light up. After approx. 15 secs the P633
is ready for operation. Check that “MiCOM P633” is displayed in the
first line of the LCD display.

4.2 INPUT OPTO-ISOLATORS

All opto-isolated inputs are energised one at a time ensuring correct
polarity of DC supply. The status of each opto input can be viewed in
Operation/Cyclic measurements/Phys. State signals/INP. Energised
input is represented as “high”.

4.3 OUTPUT RELAYS

This test checks that all output relays are operating correctly. Go to
Operation/Control and testing/OUTP. Select the relay to be operated
(e.g. K1801) Set the data point “Relay assign. F. test” to “Fct. Assignm.
K1801”. Set the data point “Relay test” to “execute”. The output relay
remains operated for the time set in “Hold-time for test” data point.
Check the operation of the selected relay using a continuity tester.
Repeat the test for all output relays.
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4.4 MEASUREMENT ACCURACY

The voltage and current measurement accuracy is checked by applying

rated voltage and current to the voltage and current inputs
respectively and comparing the corresponding reading in the relay’s
Operation/Cyclic measurements/Meas. Operating data/MAIN. The
measurement accuracy of the relay is as under.
Measuring input currents : +/- 1%
Measuring input voltage : +/- 0.5%
Restraining and differential currents formed internally : +/-2%

5. DIFFERENTIAL FUNCTION TESTS

Following settings have to be made in order to enable differential

function.

Enable DIFFERENTIAL function :

Menu Data point Setting

Para/Config/Diff Function group DIFF With
Para/Funct/Global/Mai Protection enabled Yes
n
Para/Funct/General/Di General enable USER Yes
ff
Para/Funct/PSS1/Diff Enable Yes

Assignment of LEDs :

Menu Data point Setting

Para/Funct/Global/Mai Fct.Assignm Trip cmd Diff trip signal
n 1
Para/Config/LED Fct.Assignm H5 Main General trip cmd
1
Operating mode H5 ES manual reset

Assignment of OUTPUT relay :

Menu Data point Setting

Para/Config/OUTP Fct. Assignm K1801 Main general trip cmd
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1
Oper. Mode K1801 ES manual reset

5.1. PICK UP TEST

5.1.1 Single side, 3 phase feed :

For single side 3 phase feed, the fault current characteristic crosses the
first knee of the tripping characteristic of the P633 so that the basic
threshold value is always checked for.
The current to which P633 responds for single-side feed is calculated
as follows.

I= ( Idiff> * Inom.z ) / Kam.z

Z : transformer end a,b or c

Idiff> : set operate value (default value – 0.20 Iref)
Inom.z : nominal current of the P633 for transformer end a,b or c
(default value
- 1 A for all
ends)
Kam.z : amplitude-matching factor of transformer end a,b or c (default
value- 1.0 for
all ends)

Method :

Inject about 0.17 A – 3 phase into winding A. Gradually increase current

till the relay operates. QUICK CMC module can be used.

To reset output relay, go to the menu “Operation/Control and

testing/OUTP/Reset latch USER – execute”
To avoid resetting output relay after each test, make it self-reset. Set
the data point “Oper. Mode K1801” in “Parameters/Config
parameters/OUTP” to “ES Updating”
To reset indication LEDs, press button “C”.
Repeat the test for windings B and C.
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Pass criteria :

Check that the measured operating current is within +/-5% of the

calculated value , i.e. 0.19-0.21 A.

5.1.2 Single side, 1 phase feed :

For single-side one-phase or two-phase feed, a vector group-matching

factor in accordance with the set vector group ID needs to be taken
into account in addition to the amplitude matching factor.
The operating current is calculated as follows.

I= ( Idiff> * Inom.z )/( Kam.z * Ks.y.z)

Z : transformer end a,b or c

Idiff> : set operate value (default value – 0.20 Iref)
Inom.z : nominal current of the P633 for transformer end a,b or c
(default value
- 1 A for all
ends)
Kam.z : amplitude-matching factor of transformer end a,b or c (default
value- 1.0 for
all ends)
Ks.y.z : Vector group matching factor (refer to COMMISSIONING
SECTION of TECHNICAL MANUAL for the table. In our case, it is 0.67)

Method :

Inject about 0.28 A – single phase into winding A, phase-A. Gradually

increase current till the relay operates. Repeat the test for other
phases and also other windings. QUICK CMC module can be used .

Pass criteria :

Check that the measured operating current is within +/-5% of the

calculated value , i.e. 0.283-0.313 A.
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5.2 BIAS CHARACTERISTICS

5.2.1 LOWER SLOPE

Settings :

For this test, adopt following settings.

Menu Data point Setting

Para/Funct/PSS1/Diff 0-seq filt. A en. no
Para/Funct/PSS1/Diff 0-seq filt. B en. no
Para/Funct/PSS1/Diff 0-seq filt. C en. no

Connections:

Arrange to connect current output of the test set to apply two currents,
one for phase-A, winding-A (Ia) and second for phase-A, winding-B (Ib).
Both currents should be in phase opposition.

Method:

Inject 1 A in winding A as well as winding B. Gradually decrease

winding-B current till relay operation. Note down value. QUICK CMC
module can be used.
Repeat the test for other pairs of phase for winding A & B.
Also, repeat the test for different phase pairs for winding A & C.

Pass Criteria:

Restraining current Ir = 0.5 * { |Ia| + |Ib| } ---------- (i)

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Differential current Id = | Ia + Ib | ---------- (ii)

Characteristic equation for lower slope ( when 0.5 Idiff> < Ir ™ Ir,m2 )
Id = (m1*Ir) + (Idiff>)*(1-0.5m1) ----------- (iii)

In our case , m1 = 0.3

Idiff> = 0.2

(Please note that “Id” and “Ir” are derived by the relay after amplitude
and vector group matching. Hence, we have to multiply injected
currents by amplitude matching factors for calculation of “Id” and “Ir”.
In our case amplitude matching factor is 1.0 for both windings, hence
no correction required)

Calculate value of “Ir” from the equation (i). Using this value of “Ir”,
calculate theoretical value of “Id” from equation (iii). (A)

Calculate measured value of “Id” from equation (ii) (B)

 Check that the “measured value of differential current (B)” lies

within +/- 5% of the “theoretical value of differential current (A)”

5.2.2 UPPER SLOPE

Connections:

As used in testing of lower slope.

Method:

Inject 6 A in the phase-A of winding-A (Ia) . Inject approx. 4.2 A in

phase-A of winding-B (Ib). Gradually decrease Ib till relay operation.
Note down value. QUICK CMC module can be used.
Repeat the test for other pairs of phase for winding A & B.
Also, repeat the test for different phase pairs for winding A & C.

Pass Criteria:

Restraining current Ir = 0.5 * { |Ia| + |Ib| } ---------- (i)

Differential current Id = | Ia + Ib | ---------- (ii)

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Characteristic equation for upper slope (when Ir > Ir,m2)

Id = m2*Ir + Idiff>(1-0.5m1) + 4*(m1-m2) ----------- (iii)

In our case , m1 = 0.3

M2 = 0.7
Idiff> = 0.2
Ir m2 = 4.0

Calculate value of “Ir” from the equation (i). Using this value of “Ir”,
calculate theoretical value of “Id” from equation (iii). (A)

Calculate measured value of “Id” from equation (ii) (B)

 Check that the “measured value of differential current (B)” lies

within +/- 5% of the “theoretical value of differential current (A)”

5.3 OPERATING TIME OF DIFFERENTIAL ELEMENT

Method :

Inject 1 A single phase current in phase-A of winding-A. Note down

operating time of differential element.
Repeat the test for other phases and other windings.

Pass criteria :

The measured operating time should be typically 33 ms

5.4 SECOND HARMONIC BLOCKING

Following settings affect the second harmonic blocking

Menu Data point Setting in our example

Para/Funct/PSS1/Diff Rush I(2f0)/I (f0) PS1 20%

Connections :
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Single phase current should be injected in , say, A-phase of winding-A.

Test method :

Test module – DIFFERENTIAL

Use “harmonic” tab.
Select second harmonic injection
Set Idiff = 1.0 I/In
Ixf = <20% , say 19%, observe that DIFFERENTIAL element of
relay trips.
Ixf = >20% , say 21%, observe that DIFF. Element doesn’t trip

Pass criteria :

Measured second harmonic threshold for blocking of differential

element should be +/-5% of set value.

5.5 FIFTH HARMONIC BLOCKING

Adopt following settings for enabling fifth harmonic blocking.

Menu Data point Setting

Para/Funct/PSS1/Diff Diff. Overflux bl. en Yes
Over I(5f0)/(f0) 20%

Connections :

Single phase current should be injected in , say, A-phase of winding-A.

Method :

Test module – DIFFERENTIAL

Use “harmonic” tab.
Select fifth harmonic injection
Set Idiff = 1.0 I/In
Ixf = <20% , say 19%, observe that DIFFERENTIAL element of
relay trips.
Ixf = >20% , say 21%, observe that DIFF. Element doesn’t trip

Pass criteria :

Measured fifth harmonic threshold for blocking of differential element

should be +/-5% of set value.
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5.6 CHECKING OF Idiff >>

Modify following setting for testing of rapid (high-set) differential

protection function.

Menu Data point Setting

Para/Funct/PSS1/Diff Idiff >> PS1 5.0 Iref

Method :

Inject 10.0 A single phase current in phase-A of winding-A. Note down

operating time of differential element.
Repeat the test for other phases and other windings.

Pass criteria :

The measured operating time with harmonic blocking disabled should

be typically 21ms.

5.7 CHECKING OF Idiff >>>

Modify following setting for testing of rapid (high-set) differential

protection function.

Menu Data point Setting

Para/Funct/PSS1/Diff Idiff >> PS1 15.0 Iref
Idiff>>> PS1 5.0 Iref

Method :

Inject 10.0 A single phase current in phase-A of winding-A. Note down

operating time of differential element.
Repeat the test for other phases and other windings.

Pass criteria :

The measured operating time with harmonic blocking disabled should

be typically 15 ms.
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6. RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT FUNCTION TESTS

Following settings have to be made in order to enable REF function.

Enable REF function :

Menu Data point Setting

Para/Config/REF_1 Function group REF_1 With
Para/Config/REF_2 Function group REF_2 With
Para/Config/REF_3 Function group REF_3 With
Para/Funct/General/REF General enable USER Yes
_1
Para/Funct/General/REF General enable USER Yes
_2
Para/Funct/General/REF General enable USER Yes
_3
Para/Funct/PSS1/REF_1 Enable Yes
Operating mode High impedance
Para/Funct/PSS1/REF_2 Enable Yes
Operating mode High impedance
Para/Funct/PSS1/REF_3 Enable Yes
Operating mode High impedance
Para/Funct/PSS1/Diff Enable No

Assignment of LEDs :

Menu Data point Setting

Para/Funct/Global/Mai Fct.Assignm Trip cmd Diff trip signal,REF_1
n 1 trip signal,REF_2 trip
signal,REF_3 trip
signal
Para/Config/LED Fct.Assignm H5 Main General trip cmd
1
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Operating mode H5 ES manual reset

Assignment of OUTPUT relay :

Menu Data point Setting

Para/Config/OUTP Fct. Assignm K1801 Main general trip cmd
1

6.1 PICK UP TEST

Connections :

Single phase current is to be injected in neutral current connections of

winding-A (X031 – 9,10)

Method :

Increase the injected current till relay operation. QUICK CMC can be
used.

Pass criteria :

Check that the relay operates within +/- 5% of 0.2 A.

6.2 OPERATING TIME OF REF ELEMENT

Method :

Inject 1 A single phase current in neutral current connections of

winding-A. Note down operating time of REF_1 element.

Pass criteria :

The measured operating time should be typically 25 ms.

7. OVER FLUX FUNCTION TESTS

Following settings have to be made in order to enable REF function.

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Enable V/f function :

Menu Data point Setting

Para/Config/V/f Function group V/f With
Para/Funct/General/V/f General enable USER Yes
Para/Funct/PSS1/V/f Enable Yes

7.1 V/f (ALARM) STAGE

Settings :

Assignment of LEDs :

Menu Data point Setting

Para/Config/LED Fct.Assignm H6 tV/f> elapsed
Fct.Assignm H7 tV/f>> elapsed
Fct.Assignm H8 Trip signal tV/f(t)
Operating mode H6 ES manual reset
Operating mode H6 ES manual reset
Operating mode H6 ES manual reset

Assignment of OUTPUT relay :

Menu Data point Setting

Para/Config/OUTP Fct. Assignm K1801 V/f tV/f> elapsed

Method :

Initially apply 100 V (50Hz) across terminals X031-1,2. Now, increase

the voltage to 108.15 V (50 Hz). Note down operating time. Check that
LED H6 operates. STATE SEQUENCER module of TEST UNIVERSE can be
used for this test.

Pass criteria :

The operating time should be 1s +/- 1% + 40 to 100ms

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7.2 V/f >> STAGE

Settings :

Enable V/f>> stage :

Menu Data point Setting

Para/Funct/PSS1/V/f V/f>> 1.6
tV/f>> 10 sec.

Assignment of OUTPUT relay :

Menu Data point Setting

Para/Config/OUTP Fct. Assignm K1801 V/f tV/f>> elapsed

Method :

Initially apply 100 V (50Hz) across terminals X031-1,2. Now, decrease

the frequency to 30.31 Hz (100 V). Note down operating time. Check
that LED H7 operates. STATE SEQUENCER module of TEST UNIVERSE
can be used for this test.

Pass criteria :

Operating time should be 10 s +/- 1% +40 to 100ms

7.3 VARIABLE TIME TRIPPING STAGE

Settings :
Assignment of OUTPUT relay :

Menu Data point Setting

Para/Config/OUTP Fct. Assignm K1801 V/f Trip signal tV/f(t)

Method :

Initially apply 100 V (50Hz) across terminals X031-1,2. Now, increase

the voltage to 115 V (50 Hz). Note down operating time. Check that
LED H8 operates. STATE SEQUENCER module of TEST UNIVERSE can be
used for this test.

Pass criteria :
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Operating time should be 8.8 sec. + 31.5%

8. ON LOAD TESTS
The purpose of the on-load checks are to:

a. confirm the external wiring to the current and voltage inputs are
correct.
b. ensure the on-load differential current is well below the relay
setting.
c. check the polarity of the line current transformers at each end is
correct.

The transformer needs to be energised for these checks. With the

transformer supplying load current check that the relay measurements
are as expected. If necessary, reverse the current connections to the
main current transformer and check that the differential currents is
significantly higher than for the normal connection. If the differential
current falls with the connection reversed, the main current
transformers may not be connect correctly and should be thoroughly
checked.