PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

John Ryan M. Jacot | 11 – HumSS

An Introduction to Qualitative Research
School Year 2018 – 2019

THE APPROACHES IN A QUALITIATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN

A qualitative research design is a general way of thinking about conducting qualitative research. It
describes, either explicitly or implicitly, the purpose of the qualitative research, the role of the
researcher(s), the stages of research, and the method of data analysis. (Trochim, 2006)

Approach Purpose Method Analysis Outcome

Ethnography  To describe a  Fieldwork and  Detailed and rich  “Description of
culture: its immersion in the description of Culture”
characteristics culture culture
and features  Key informant
interviews and
observations

Grounded  To develop  Interviews and  “Concept  Theory backed by

Theory theories from Observations formation” evidences from
analysis of  Data collection  “Concept data
patterns, themes and analysis are Development” by
and categories done in parallel. looking into
 Data are analyzed literature and
as they come. “sampling of
Patterns and subjects”
themes are  “Concept
validated and Modification and
disproved by Integration”
further data
collection.
Phenomenolo  To describe  Seek persons who  Classify and rank  Findings
gy experiences as understand study data described from
they are lived and are willing to  Sense of subject’s point-of-
 To examine the express inner wholeness view
uniqueness of feelings and  Examine  Research
individual’s lived experiences experiences identifies themes
situations  Describe beyond human  Structural
 To describe that experiences of awareness or that explanation of
each person has phenomenon cannot be findings is
own reality;  Write experiences communicates developed.
reality is of phenomenon
subjective  Direct
Observation
 Audio or
Videotape
Narrative  To describe  Interviews and  Analysis of  Narrative
Analysis experiences observations Content accounts from
 Research  Looking into form individual s
participants are and function of
encouraged to stories
share stories.
Discourse  To describe  Interviews and  Analysis of  Discourses that
Analysis discourse present Observations content and reflect beliefs,
in a phenomenon meaning behind principles, and
the conversation perspectives
Historical  To describe and  Formulate idea –  Synthesis of all  Select means of
Approach examine events of select topic after data; accept and presentation –
the past to reading related reject data; biography,
understand the literature reconcile chronology, issue
present and  Develop research conflicting paper
anticipate questions evidence
potential future  Develop an
effects inventory of
 resources –
archives, private
libraries, papers
 Clarify validity
and reliability of
data – primary
sources,
authenticity,
biases
 Develop research
outline to
organize
investigative
process
 Collect data

Case Study  Describe in-depth  Direct observation  Synthesis of  In-depth

the experience of and interaction Experience description of the
one person, with the subject experience
family, group,
community or
institution