Datm Eem Ipsla

Cisco Day at the Movies
Embedded Event Manager and IP

SLA
Dave Broache
Systems Engineer
July 2009
BRKSEC-2005 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1
What Can EEM Do for YOU
Auto Fault Detection and Recovery Automated Troubleshooting
Automatically Monitors Network Automate Best Practice
Status, Generate Alerts on Network Troubleshooting Steps and Collect
Failures or Switch to a Better Link Critical Information in Time
EEM
Periodic Automatic Data Collection and Perform Automatic Configuration

Reporting Improves Productivity and When Network Devices Are Connected
Visibility for Network Managers or Removed
Auto Data Collection and Reporting Automatic Device Configuration
BRKSEC-2005
BRKDEV-1191_c2 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 2
EEM Event Detectors
  EEM 1.0   EEM 2.2
SNMP ED Embedded Object Tracking (EOT)
Syslog ED ED
Resource ED
  EEM 2.0
Redundancy framework ED
Application ED
Interface ED   EEM 2.4
Counter ED SNMP notification ED
Timer ED XML-RPC ED
Watchdog ED   EEM 3.0
  EEM 2.1 Custom CLI ED
CLI ED Routing ED
None ED NetFlow ED
Object Insertion Removal (OIR) ED IP SLA ED
GOLD ED
EEM Platform Support Matrix
BRKSEC-2005
BRKRST-3467_c1 © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 22
BRKSEC-2005
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EEM Site @ cisco.com—
Product Information
  New EEM release
announcements
  General product information
  EEM configuration guide
  EEM policy design guides
  Whitepaper and use
case studies
http://www.cisco.com/go/eem
Cisco Beyond — Product Extension
Community EEM Scripting Community
  Open source scripts share,
upload, download, learn by
example
  Categories include: network
management, diagnostics,
routing, QoS, high availability,
user interface, security, etc.
  User comments and ratings
Example:
http://www.cisco.com/go/ciscobeyond
Trivia
Q and A
1) Question: What are the 2 types of EEM policies
a user can write?
Answer: Applet, TCP script
Cisco IOS IP SLA
Todd McCree
Cisco SE
Presentation_ID © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 58
Agenda
  SLA – The basics

  Architecture
  Configuration
  Monitoring and Debugging
  Refernce and Summary
What’s an SLA?
“A Service Level Agreement is the formalization of

the ‘Quality of the Service’ in a contract between
the Customer and the Service Provider.”
Fred Baker, Fellow of Cisco Systems
If You Can‘t Measure It—Don‘t Negotiate It...
SLA Criteria
  Easy to understand
  Attainable
  Meaningful
  Controllable
  Application/service driven
SLA Parameters
  Latency (Delay) - Propagation delay, Serialization

delay, and Queuing delay
  Jitter
  Packet Loss
  Burst Loss (multiple packets)
  Packet Reordering
The Concept of Cisco IP SLA
  If you have a running Cisco IOS® router,

turn it into an active probing device:
Synthetic Probe
Core technology in IOS
Available on most Cisco platforms from 12.0(5)T or later
  Reuse your current equipment and enhance

existing network management applications
IP SLA
IP SLA Technical Overview
  Wide measurement capabilities (UDP, TCP, ICMP)

  Near millisecond precision
  Accessible using CLI and SNMP
  Proactive notification
  Historical data storage
  Flexible scheduling options
  Already in Cisco IOS (available on most platforms)
  Almost all interfaces supported, physical, and logical
Comprehensive Hardware Support
Enterprise and Aggregation/Edge Core
Cisco IOS Software Release 12.2S
Cisco CRS-1
Cisco 12000
Cisco Catalyst 6500; Series
Cisco 10000 Cisco 7600 Series
Cisco 7300
Cisco 7200 Series
Series
Series
Access
Cisco IOS Software Releases 12.3T and 12.4
Cisco 7200 Cisco 2900,

Cisco 3800 and 3560, and
Cisco 3700
Cisco 2600/ Series 3750 Series
Cisco 1700/ Series 7300 Series
Cisco 800 2800 Series
1800 Series
Series
(Responder Only)
Agenda

  Architecture
How Does It Work?
  Hop-by-hop analysis
  Edge-to-edge measurement
  Proactive notification Management

Application
Rising and falling thresholds
Robust threshold definition
for SLAs
SNMP traps generated when IP Host
SLA violated Configure
Collect
Thresholds can trigger SA Present
operation activation for further analysis
Cisco IOS Device

IP SLA IP SLA
Measure
Measure
(IP SLA Responder)
IP SLA Sender
  Cisco IOS device that sends probe packets

  Operation configuration takes place on the
sender only
  Once the operation is finished, all the results are to be
polled off the sender
  Target is another host (IP Host, or IP SLA Responder)
  Some operations require the target to run the IP SLA
responder (Jitter for instance), some other are working
with a simple IP Host (ICMP Ping)
IP SLA Responder
  Runs on Cisco IOS

  Configure ‘ip sla monitor responder’, or set
rttMonApplResponder.0=1 with SNMP
  Sender uses the IP SLA Control Protocol to
communicate with responder before sending the
test packets
  Responder knows the type of operation, the port used,
the duration
  Responder inserts in/out timestamps in packet payload
(measures CPU time spent)
IP SLA Operation with Responder
Control Message Ask Receiver to

IP SLA Sender Open Port 2020 on UDP IP SLA Responder
IP SLA-Control
UDP, 1967
Responder Says OK
Control
Start Listening on
Phase
UDP Port 2020
Sending Test Packets…
IP SLA-Test
UDP, 2020
Probing
Phase
Done: Stop Listening
Agenda

  Architecture
Configuring an Operation
R3(config)#ip sla 1
R3(config-ip-sla)# ?
IP SLAs entry configuration commands:
dhcp DHCP Operation
dlsw DLSW Operation
dns DNS Query Operation
exit Exit Operation Configuration
frame-relay Frame-relay Operation
ftp FTP Operation
http HTTP Operation
icmp-echo ICMP Echo Operation
icmp-jitter ICMP Jitter Operation
mpls MPLS Operation
path-echo Path Discovered ICMP Echo Operation
path-jitter Path Discovered ICMP Jitter Operation
slm SLM Operation
tcp-connect TCP Connect Operation
udp-echo UDP Echo Operation
udp-jitter UDP Jitter Operation
voip Voice Over IP Operation
ICMP Echo Operation
  “Ping” test
  Target can be any IP host
  Response time is computed by measuring the time
taken between sending an ICMP echo request
message to the destination and receiving an ICMP
echo reply
  Processing delays on the source router is subtracted
ICMP Echo Operation (Example)
ip sla 2
icmp-echo 10.32.130.2
tos 32
frequency 120
ip sla schedule 2 life forever start-time now
ICMP Echo Operation (Output)
R3#show ip sla stat 2
Round Trip Time (RTT) for Index 2

Latest RTT: 100 ms
Latest operation start time: *17:32:53.315 CET Tue Feb 21 2006
Latest operation return code: Timeout
Number of successes: 0
Number of failures: 1
Operation time to live: Forever
UDP Jitter Operation
  Measures the delay, delay variance (jitter) and

packet loss by generating periodic UDP traffic
  Measures: per-direction jitter, per-direction packet-loss,
and round trip time
  Detect and report out-of-sequence and
corrupted packets
  One-way delay requires Cisco IOS 12.2(2)T or
later and clock synchronization between source
and destination
  Always requires IP SLA responder
  Starting Cisco IOS 12.3(4)T, the operation can measure
MOS and ICPIF scores for VoIP
UDP Voice Jitter Operation (Example)
  Simulating G.711 VoIP call
  Use RTP/UDP ports 16384 and above, the packet size is 172 bytes
(160 bytes of payload, 12 bytes for RTP header)
  Packets are sent every 20 milliseconds (interval)
  Runs every minute (frequency)
ip sla 1
udp-jitter 10.0.0.2 5556
num-packets 1000
request-data-size 172
tos 32
ip sla schedule 1 life forever start-time now
B C
A A = 20 ms
B = 20 s (1000 x 20 ms)
C = 40 s (60 s – 20 s)
Schedule and Stop
  To schedule operation <n> to start:
ip sla schedule <n> [life seconds] [start-time {pending | now | hh:mm [month day
|day month]}][ageout seconds]
  To stop a running operation <n>:
no ip sla schedule <n>
Scheduling Caveat
  If you configure multiple operations to start ‘now’,

all will start at the same time after a router reload
  Consider using the option ‘after’ instead of ‘now’
  Example, new operations are started every second:
ip sla schedule <n> start-time

after 00:01:00
ip sla schedule <n+1> start-time
after 00:01:01
ip sla schedule <n+2> start-time
after 00:01:02
Agenda

  Architecture
IP SLA Application Version
R3#show ip sla application

IP Service Level Agreements
Version: Round Trip Time MIB 2.2.0, Infrastructure Engine-II
Time of last change in whole IP SLAs: *17:46:22.215 CET Tue Feb 21 2006
Estimated system max number of entries: 10852
Estimated number of configurable operations: 10847

Number of Entries configured : 5
Number of active Entries : 2
Number of pending Entries : 0 Maximum Number
Number of inactive Entries : 3 of Configurable Operations
Supported Operation Types
Type of Operation to Perform: dhcp
Type of Operation to Perform: dns
Type of Operation to Perform: echo
Type of Operation to Perform: frameRelay
Type of Operation to Perform: ftp
Type of Operation to Perform: http
Type of Operation to Perform: jitter
Type of Operation to Perform: pathEcho Supported Operations
Type of Operation to Perform: pathJitter
Type of Operation to Perform: tcpConnect
Type of Operation to Perform: udpEcho
Type of Operation to Perform: voip
IP SLAs low memory water mark: 14976312

Memory Limit
Display the Configuration State
R3#show ip sla configuration 1

IP SLAs, Infrastructure Engine-II.
Entry number: 1
Owner:
Tag:
Type of operation to perform: udp-jitter
Target address/Source address: 1.1.1.1/0.0.0.0
Target port/Source port: 1000/0
Request size (ARR data portion): 32
Operation timeout (milliseconds): 5000
Packet Interval (milliseconds)/Number of packets: 20/10
Type Of Service parameters: 0x0
Verify data: No
Vrf Name:
Control Packets: enabled
Schedule:
Operation frequency (seconds): 60 (not considered if randomly scheduled)
Next Scheduled Start Time: Pending trigger
Group Scheduled : FALSE
Randomly Scheduled : FALSE
Life (seconds): 3600
Entry Ageout (seconds): never
Recurring (Starting Everyday): FALSE
Status of entry (SNMP RowStatus): notInService
Threshold (milliseconds): 5000
Distribution Statistics:
Number of statistic hours kept: 2
Number of statistic distribution buckets kept: 1
Statistic distribution interval (milliseconds): 20
Enhanced History:
Deleting Operations
  To delete one operation <n>:
router(config)# no ip sla <n>
  To delete all operations:
router(config)# ip sla reset
Debugging an Operation’s Activities
  To debug operation <n> activity:
debug ip sla <n>
  To debug activity of the responder:
debug ip sla 0
The Responder Is the Equivalent

of Operation Zero
Debugging an Operation’s Errors
  To debug errors for operation <n>:
router# debug ip sla error <n>
  To debug errors the responder:
router# debug ip sla error 0
The Responder Is the Equivalent

of Operation Zero
Debug Sample Output
16:27:45.402: ip sla 1: Starting An Echo Operation - IP sla Probe 1

16:27:45.406: source=10.52.132.69(49175) dest-ip=10.52.132.68(9999)
16:27:45.406: sending control msg:
16:27:45.406: Ver: 1 ID: 144 Len: 52
16:27:45.406: cmd: command: RTT_CMD_JITTER_PORT_ENABLE, ip: 10.52.132.68,
port: 9999, duration: 5200
16:27:45.414: receiving reply
16:27:45.414: Ver: 1 ID: 144 Len: 8
16:27:45.422: sdTime: 2104279296 dsTime: -2017879294
16:27:45.422: responseTime (1): 2
16:27:45.442: sdTime: 2104279296 dsTime: -2017879295
16:27:45.442: jitterOut: 0
16:27:45.442: jitterIn: -1
16:27:45.442: responseTime (2): 1
<. . .>
Agenda

  Architecture
  Reference and Summary
References
  Cisco IOS IP SLA Web site on CCO:

http://www.cisco.com/go/ipsla
This page contains links to executive and technical
documents, documentation, and white papers
  Suggested reading:
Cisco IOS IP Service Level Agreements User Guide
Cisco IOS IP Service Level Agreements for Voice over IP
A Complementary Solution
NetFlow IP SLA
From where? Latency
To Who? Loss
When? Jitter
How Much? Server Delay
Which Apps? (HTTP, DNS,
What ToS? TCP Connect)
Conclusion
  IP SLA is the integrated Cisco IOS feature to actively

measure and report applications and network
performance
  It offers a broad set of measurement functions
  Several network management applications support it
Trivia
Q and A
1) Question: How much does IPSLA cost on a
Cisco 3845 router
Answer: It is free on the 3845

(and all other platforms)

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Cisco Day at the Movies

Embedded Event Manager and IP

Periodic Automatic Data Collection and Perform Automatic Configuration

Auto Data Collection and Reporting Automatic Device Configuration

Answer: Applet, TCP script

 SLA – The basics

“A Service Level Agreement is the formalization of

Fred Baker, Fellow of Cisco Systems

If You Can‘t Measure It—Don‘t Negotiate It...

 Latency (Delay) - Propagation delay, Serialization

 If you have a running Cisco IOS® router,

 Reuse your current equipment and enhance

 Wide measurement capabilities (UDP, TCP, ICMP)

Cisco IOS Software Release 12.2S

Cisco IOS Software Releases 12.3T and 12.4

Cisco 7200 Cisco 2900,

 SLA – The basics

 Proactive notification Management

operation activation for further analysis

Cisco IOS Device

 Cisco IOS device that sends probe packets

 Runs on Cisco IOS

Control Message Ask Receiver to

Sending Test Packets…

Done: Stop Listening

 SLA – The basics

R3#show ip sla stat 2

Round Trip Time (RTT) for Index 2

 Measures the delay, delay variance (jitter) and

 To schedule operation <n> to start:

 To stop a running operation <n>:

no ip sla schedule <n>

 If you configure multiple operations to start ‘now’,

ip sla schedule <n> start-time

 SLA – The basics

R3#show ip sla application

Estimated number of configurable operations: 10847

IP SLAs low memory water mark: 14976312

R3#show ip sla configuration 1

 To delete one operation <n>:

router(config)# no ip sla <n>

 To delete all operations:

router(config)# ip sla reset

 To debug operation <n> activity:

debug ip sla <n>

 To debug activity of the responder:

The Responder Is the Equivalent

 To debug errors for operation <n>:

router# debug ip sla error <n>

 To debug errors the responder:

router# debug ip sla error 0

The Responder Is the Equivalent

16:27:45.402: ip sla 1: Starting An Echo Operation - IP sla Probe 1

 SLA – The basics

 Cisco IOS IP SLA Web site on CCO:

 IP SLA is the integrated Cisco IOS feature to actively

Answer: It is free on the 3845

You might also like

  SLA – The basics

  Latency (Delay) - Propagation delay, Serialization

  If you have a running Cisco IOS® router,

  Reuse your current equipment and enhance

  Wide measurement capabilities (UDP, TCP, ICMP)

  SLA – The basics

  Proactive notification Management

  Cisco IOS device that sends probe packets

  Runs on Cisco IOS

  SLA – The basics

  Measures the delay, delay variance (jitter) and

  To schedule operation <n> to start:

  To stop a running operation <n>:

  If you configure multiple operations to start ‘now’,

  SLA – The basics

  To delete one operation <n>:

  To delete all operations:

  To debug operation <n> activity:

  To debug activity of the responder:

  To debug errors for operation <n>:

  To debug errors the responder:

  SLA – The basics

  Cisco IOS IP SLA Web site on CCO:

  IP SLA is the integrated Cisco IOS feature to actively