DE LA SALLE LIPA

Junior High School

Methodology in Electrical Installation and Maintenance

Macalintal, Frederick L.

BM 205

December 3, 2018
I. PLANNING OF THE PROJECT
A. Research
For the researcher to understand the primary processes that would occur when the final
project is implemented, he conducted a research about the basic definitions of the
following circuits that will be exhibited in the final project.
A simple electrical circuit consists of three main elements: a current source wiring, and
an electrical load. The current source provides power, wiring carries power to the load,
and the load uses the power. Electricity flows in a continuous loop from source to load
and back again.
A series circuit is one that has more than one resistor, but only one path through which
the electricity flows. From one end of the battert, the electrons move along one path
with no branches, through the resistors, to the other end of the cell. All the components
in a series circuit are connected end-to-end.
A parallel circuit is a closed circuit in which the current divides into two or more paths
before recombining to complete the circuit. Each load connected in a separate path
receives the full circuit voltage, and the total circuit current is equal to the sum of the
individual branch currents.
A three-way circuit is a circuit that uses a three-way switch for it to exhibit its proper
function. A three-way wall switch is a common type of light switch that makes it possible
to control a ceiling light or other electrical fixture from two different locations in a room.
In a hallway or large room, for example, installing three-way switches at both ends lets
you turn the light fixture on or off from both locations. Three-way switches are always
used in pairs and include special wiring connections.
The three-way switch is a variation of the standard single-pole switch, which controls a
light only from one location. A third type is the four-way switch, which is used in
conjunction with two three-way switches to control lighting from more than two locations.
This configuration may be used in open-plan homes or in large kitchens or great rooms,
where a central bank of lighting fixtures might be controlled from more than two entry
points.
Furthermore, the researcher also sought the definition of terms usually used in Electrical
Installation and Maintenance. This would assist the audience or reader to understand
the terminologies that would be found on this study. The defined word are as follows:
In order to power the circuit or provide electricity to it, there must be a source of energy.
The source of electricity may be a battery, a direct current power supply, or alternating
current from the power grid. In a simple circuit, the source has two connections, a
current source and a return path.
The wiring helps the electricity flow from the source to the load of the circuit and bak
again. Wiring is made of copper or aluminum and is usually insulated to prevent shocks
and short-circuits. Copper is usually used as it is more affordable and efficient in
conducting electricity
The load consumes power; it represents the actual work done by the circuit. Without the
load, there’s not much point in having a circuit. It can be as simple as a single light bulb
which will be given as the example in line diagram which will follow.
B. Materials, Tools, and Personal Protective Equipment
To be able to accomplish the final project, it is a requisite that the students should have
the necessary materials, tools and protective equipments. This will signify the readiness
of the students to accomplish his task and his ability to be an efficient worker in the field
of Electral Installation and Maintenance. The following materials, tools and equipments
required are as follows:
Materials Tools Personal Protective
Equipment
6 Receptacles Long Nose Safety Goggles
6 LED Bulbs Heat Gun Safety Gloves
3 Single Pole Switches Side Cutter
2 Three-way Switches Lineman’s Pliers
10 Junction Boxes Philips Screwdriver
5 Utility Boxes Claw Hammer
3 meters PVC non-metallic Metal Saw
Pipe
8 meters T.W. #14 Solid Multi-tester
Copper Wire
30 pieces Couplings /
Connectors
1 Roll of Electrical Tape
Nail
II. Design

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III. Execution and Construction of the Project
There are certain steps and procedure that the students have to undergo for the
successful installment and accomplishment of the project. The procedure involves
specific tasks which are classified into different aspects to assist the students in making
the project.
Preparation
1. Draw the circuit diagram on a clean sheet of paper which will serve as
a blueprint for the final project.
2. Wear the Personal Protective Equipments stated as aforementioned in
this methodology.
3. Ready all the materials and tools that the students will use and make
sure that the tools are organized for an easier accessability for
everyone
4. Measure the board that will be used for the circuits and estimate how
long the PVC pipes should be.
Labor
1. Using the metal saw, cut the PVC pipes into smaller pieces according
the esitamated measure.
2. Use the heat gun to heat the cut PVC pipes to bend. Be wary to bend
the pipes cautiously because putting a lot of stress to the heated pipes
may cause it kink.
3. Attach the junction boxes to the board as depicted in the diagram
made earlier. Use the hammer and a nail to poke holes into the
junction boxes. Using the hammer, drive the screws into the board to
attach the junction box, then use the philips screwdriver to fasten the
screw tightly.
4. Attach the utility boxes the same way the junction boxes are attached.
5. After attaching all the junction and utility boxes, screw the couplings
into the junction and utlity boxes, use the diagram as a guide on which
opening will connect the pipes to.
6. Connect the bended pipe to the junction and utility boxes and use the
diagram as the basis on which pipe will be used.
7. Start cuttting up the wires using the lineman’s pliers depending on the
measure needed and peel the endings of the cut wire using the side
cutter.
8. Prepare the wires for the wiring of the circuit and start to ready the
switches and receptacles.
9. Attach the receptacles to the appropriate junction boxes using the
screw and the philips screwdriver.
 10. Attach the switches to the appropriate utility boxes using the screw and
the philips screwdriver. Make sure to cover the switch to make it look
neat.
11. Start connecting the wires to the source, corresponding receptacle and
switch.
12. After all the wires are properly connected, use the rat tail joint to
connect all wires to the source.
13. To ensure safety, use the electrical tape to cover the peeled wires.
14. Cover all the open junction box to be able to present the whole circuit
neatly.
Testing
1. Remember how to use the multi-tester so you would know if what you
did is correct.
2. Install the bulb to the first circuit, then using the multi-tester, check if
the circuit is properly working.
3. Install the bulb to the second circuit, then using the multi-tester, check
if the circuit is properly working.
4. Install the bulb to the third circuit, then using the multi-tester, check if
the circuit is properly working.
5. Install the bulb to the fourth circuit, then using the multi-tester, check if
the circuit is properly working.
6. If all circuits are working properly, then CONGRATSULATIONS! The
circuits are fully functional, and all the steps were followed thoroughly.
References:
Papiewsky, J. (n.d.). The definition of a simple circuit. Retrieved from
https://www.hunker.com/13419002/the-definition-of-a-simple-circuit
eSchoolToday (n.d.). Series circuits. Retrieved from
https://eschooltoday.com/science/electricity/what-is-a-series-circuit.html
CheggStudy (n.d.). Parallel circuit. Retrieved from https://www.chegg.com/homework-
help/definitions/parallel-circuit-4
Thielle, T. (2018). Understanding three-way electrial siwtchers. Retrieved from
https://www.thespruce.com/three-way-switches-1152391
Lewe, D. (n.d.). What is an electronic circuit? Retrieved from
https://www.dummies.com/programming/electronics/components/what-is-an-electronic-
circuit/