MS 1380 1995

MS ISO/IEC TR 10037 : 1995
MALAYSIAN
STANDARD
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MS 1380 : 1995
ICS : 91.100.25
SPECIFICATION FOR PRECAST CONCRETE

PAVING BLOCKS
STANDARDS & INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MALAYSIA

© Copyright
1
©
without the prior permission in writing of SIRIM
SIRIM. No part of this publication may be photocopied or otherwise reproduced
MS 1380 :1995
This Malaysian Standard, which had been approved by the Building and Civil Engineering
Industry Standards Committee and endorsed by the Board of the Standards and Industrial
Research Institute of Malaysia (SIRIM) was published under the authority of the SIRIM
Board in August, 1995.
SIRIM wishes to draw attention to the fact that this Malaysian Standard does not purport to
include all the necessary provisions of a contract.
The Malaysian Standards are subject to periodical review to keep abreast of progress in the
industries concerned. Suggestions for improvements will be recorded and in due course
brought to the notice of the Committees charged with the revision of the standards to which
they refer.
The following references relate to the work on this standard:

Committee reference: SIRIM 491/2/20
Draft for comment: D159 (ISC D)
Amendments issued since publication
Amd. Date of issue Text affected
(i)
MS 1380 1995
CONTENTS
Page
Committee representation (iii)
Foreword (iv)
1 Scope 1
2 Definitions 1
3 Material 2
4 Physical properties 3
5 Compressive strength 5
6 Abrasion resistance index
7 Sampling 5
8 Marking 6
Table 1 Sample quantities for individual tests for each designated section S
Figures
Cl Arrangement of drill, bracket, stand and dial gauge 13
C2 Detail of chuck and baIl-race 14
C3 Detail of chuck casing with water hose connection 15
Appendices
A Measurement of dimensions and plan area 7
B Determination of compressive strength 9
C Abrasion resistance index 12
D Publications referred to 17
(U)
MS 1380 1995
Committee representation
The Building and civil Engineering Industry Standards Committee under whose supervision this Malaysian Standard
was prepared, comprises, representation from the following Government Ministries, trade, commerce and
manufacturer association and scientific and professional bodies.
The Institution of Engineers Malaysia
Malaysian Institute of Architects
Master Builder’s Association
Ministry of Housing and Local Government (Housing Department)
Ministry of Works and Utilities (Public Works Department)
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
chartered Institute of Building Malaysia
Jabatan Kerja Raya
The Working Group on precast concrete paving block which prepared this Malaysian Standard consists of
representatives from the following member organizations:
Puan Zainab Mohamed (Chairman) Jabatan Kerja Raya
Encik Kamalaldin bin Abd. Latiff Jabatan Kerja Raya
lr. choo Kok Beng The Institution of Engineers Malaysia
ft. Dr. Hasanan Md Nor Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Ir. Sahri Bahari MARA Institute of Technology
Encik Ronald J. Pickering Zenbes Sdn. Bhd.
Ir. Shankar Sthipam/En. Ghazali Abd. Latiff Sun-Block Sdn. Bhd.
Encik chan Chee Lim Monier (M) Sdn. Bhd.
Encik Foong Weng Choong Integrated Brickworks Sdn. Bhd.
Encik Robert Ang/Encik Megat Adlan Megat Said Selangor md. Corporation Sdn. Bhd.
Puan Raja Norsiha Raja Abdul Hanan Standards and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia
Encik Mohd Azam Md. Vunus (Secretary) Standards and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia
(Hi)
MS 1380 1995
FOREWORD
This Malaysian Standard has been prepared by the Working Group on Precast Concrete
Paving Blocks under the Building and Civil Engineering Industry Standards Committee.
This Malaysian Standard is based on 85 6717 : Part 1: 1986 and Specification for Concrete
Segmental Paving Units by the Concrete Masonry Association of Australia. This Working
Group has applied the closest interpretation of those standards, but had to make changes to
suit local requirementq. It is desirable that paving blocks do not develop a polished surface
of low skid resistance when trafficked. Pending the development of a test method for skid
resistance, it is required that the test method shall be agreed between the parties involve if
should such a value be required. This standard excludes the use of fine aggregates containing
significant amounts of acid-soluble material, some of which have been found to give poor
polishing resistance.
Compliance with a Malaysian Standard does not at itself confer immunity from legal
obligations.
(iv)
MS 1380 :1995
SPECIFICATION FOR PRECAST CONCRETE PAVING BLOCKS

1. Scope
This Malaysian Standard is to specify materials, properties requirements and methods

of testing for precast concrete paving blocks.
This Malaysian Standard is applicable to precast concrete paving blocks for pedestrian
and vehicular use.
2. Definitions
For the purposes of this Malaysian Standard the following definitions apply.
2.1 Concrete paving block
Concrete element fitting within a 295 mm square coordinating space with a work size
thickness (see Clause 2.5) not less than 60 mm.
2.2 Wearing surface(s)
Surface(s) of a paving block designed to be laid uppermost and to be trafficked in use.
2.3 Plan area
Area bounded by those faces that are approximately normal to the wearing surface.
2.4 Compressive strength
A measure of the crushing strength of a paving block.
2.5 Work size
Any dimension of a block specified for its manufacture to which the actual dimension
should conform within specified permissible deviations.
2.6 Overall length
Longer side of the paving block with the smallest length able to enclose the block
excluding any spacer nibs.
2.7 Overall width
Shorter side of the paving block with the smallest area able to enclose the block
excluding any spacer nibs.
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MS 1380 1995
2.8 Spacer nibs
Small protruding profiles on a side face of a block.
2.9 Thickness
Distance between the upper face and the bed face of the block.
2.10 Lot
An aggregate at paving blocks of a single type and of specified characteristics and
dimensions presented for random sampling at one time.
3. Material
3.1 Binders and binder constituents
Paving blocks shall be made using one or more of the following binders or binder
constituents complying with the requirements of the relevant standards:
Lime BS 890
Ordinary Portland cement MS 522 : Part 1
Portland-blastfurnace cement MS 1389
Portland pulverized-fuel ash cement MS 1227
Pulverized-fuel ash MS 1226 : Part 1
Ground granulated blastfurnace slag MS 1387
Where pulverized-fuel ash is used, the proportions and properties of the combination
with Portland cement shall comply with MS 1227.
Where ground granulated biastfurnace slag is used,. the proportions and properties of
the combination with Portland cement shall comply with MS 1389.
3.2 Binder content
The binder content of the compacted concrete shall be not less than 380 kg/m3
NOTE. For equivalent durability, paving blocks made Wth binder constituents other than ordinary Portland
cement should have a higher binder content than paving blocks made in a similar way using only Portland
tenient. The development of strength with mixed binder constituents is generally slower than with ordinary
Portland cement. Until a salisfactory durability test is available the compressive strength test will be the only
guide to the amount of additional binder needed.
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MS 1380 1995
3.3 Aggregates
3.3.1 General
Paving blocks shall be made using one or more of the following aggregates complying
with the relevant standards:
Natural aggregates MS 29
(crushed or uncrushed) (except grading
requirements in Clause 5)
Air-cooled 63 1047 :1983

blastfumace slag (except grading
requirements in 4.8)
Pulverized-fuel ash BS 3892 : Part 1 or

MS 1226: Part 2
Ground granulated Ms 1387
blastfurnace slag
Lightweight aggregates BS 3797 : Part 2
(except grading requirement in Clause 4)
3.3.2 Acid-soluble material (fine aggregate)
When tested as described in MS 30 : Part 15, the fine aggregate (material passing a
5 mm sieve complying with 65410) shall contain not more than 25% by mass of acid-
soluble material either in the fraction retained on, or in the fraction passing, a 600 pm
sieve.
3.4 Water
The water shall be of drinking quality and in accordance with MS 28.
3.5 Admixtures and pigments
Proprietary accelerating, retarding and water-reducing agents shalt comply with

MS 922 : Part 1.
Pigments shall comply with BS 1014.
Calcium chloride shall comply with BS 3587.
4. Physical properties
4.1 General
Concrete paving blocks shall comply with Clauses 4.2 until 4.5 and clauses 5 and 6 of
this specification. Where test methods are required, the appropriate test procedures
are given.
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MS 1380 : 1995
4.2 Shape
Paving units shalt be identified by shape as being one of the following types:
4.2.1 Shape Type A

Dentated chamfered units which key into each other on four sides, are capable of being
laid in herringbone bond, and by their plan geometry, when interlocked, resist the
spread of joints parallel to both the longitudinal and transverse axes of the units.
4.2.2 Shape Type B
Dentated units which key into each other on two sides, are not (usually) laid in
herringbone bond, and by their plan geometry when keyed together, resist the spread
of joints parallel to the longitudinal axes of the units and rely on their dimensional
accuracy and accuracy of laying to interlock on the other faces.
4.2.3 Shape Type C
Units which do not key together and which rely on their dimensional accuracy and
accuracy of laying to develop interlock.
4.2.4 Shape Type X
Units which may or may not conform to the above definitions but which are designed
to have specific characteristics to provide interlock.
4.3 Tolerance on Dimensions
The manufactured dimensions of any paving unit shall be such that any point to the
external vertical surfaces of that unit shall be horizontally within ± 2 mm of the
theoretical position of that point, according to the manufacturer’s stated manufacturing
dimensions. The thickness of any unit shall be within ± 3 mm of the manufacturer’s
nominated thickness. The thickness requirement is not applicable for rumbled payers.
4.4 Chamfers
The horizontal and vertical projections of any chamfer shall not exceed 8 mm.
4.5 Finishes
The finish should be agreed between the manufacturer and the specifier.
Concrete described as ‘natural colour’ shall contain no pigment.
In composite paving blocks the surface layer shall be formed as an integral part of the
block and shall be not less than 5 mm thick.
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MS 1380 :1995
4.6 Spacer nibs
Spacer nibs of between 2 mm to 4 mm are recommended in order to ensure uniform

spacing in between paving blocks during installation.
5. Compressive strength
The specified minimum 28 days characteristic compressive strengths shall be a

minimum of 45 N/mm2 when determined in accordance with the test method as
described in Appendix B.
6. Abrasion resistance index’
The abrasion resistance index provides a good measure of the durability of a paving
unit’s surface.
The recommended minimum 28-day abrasion resistance index shall be 1.5* and shall
be determined in accordance with Appendix C.
7. Sampling
7.1 Selection
For sampling purposes, a lot size shall comprise of not more than 20,000 blocks.
Clearly mark all samples at the time of sampling in such a way that the designated lot
or part thereof represented by the sample are clearly defined. Take ten blocks from
each lot at random.
7.2 Size of test samples
The quantity of units used for individual tests shall be in accordance with Table 1.
Table 1. Sample quantities for indiyidual tests for each designated section
Appendix Test Quantity
a compressive strength 5
c Abrasion index 5
* This figure serve as an interim guide for abrasion resistance index.
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MS 1380 : 1995
7.3 Dispatch
Dispatch the sample to the test laboratory, taking precautions to avoid damage to the
paving blocks in transit. Each sample shall be accompanied by a certificate from the
person responsible for taking the sample stating that sampling was carried out in
accordance with this Malaysian Standard.
7.4 Storage
Units selected in sampling shall be stored in a dry place not in contact with the ground.
Protect the paving blocks from damage and contamination until they have been tested,
Carry out any tests as soon as possible after the samples have been taken.
7.5 Re-subsummision of lot
Where the random sample, when tested, does not comply with the requirements of this
specification, the manufacturer may vary the lot from which the sample was drawn and re-
submit it for sampling.
8. Marking
The following particulars relating to paving blocks made in accordance with this standard
shalt be indicated clearly on the delivery note, invoice, manufacturer’s or supplier’s
certificate or brochure supplied with the consignment of blocks:
(a) the name, the code, trade-mark or other means of identification of the
manufacturer;
(b) the number and date of this Malaysian Standard, i.e. MS 1380 :1995;
(c) the date of production;
(d) minimum abrasion index;
(e) strength grade.
6
MS 1380:1995
Appendix A
Measurement of dimensions and plan area
Al. Determination of thickness, length and width

A1.1 Apparatus
A1.1.1 Steel callipers complying with BS 3123.
A1.1.2 Steel rule complying with 634035 orBS 4372, capable of measuring up to 300mm to
an accuracy of 0.5 mm.
A1.2 Procedure
A1.2.1 Thickness
Measure the thickness of the block at four representative positiobs to the nearest 1 mm,
using steel callipers (Clause A1.1.1). Report the value of each measurement to the
nearest 1 mm.
A1.2.2 Length and width
Measure the length and width across two opposite faces of the block to the nearest 1
mm using steel catlipers (Clause A1.1.1) or a steel rule (Clause A1.1.2). Two
representative positions shall be used for length measurement and three positions for
width measurement.
Report the value of each measurement to the nearest 1 mm.

NOTE. care should be taken to measure each block in a sample using the same representative positions.
A2. Determination of squareness
A2.1 Apparatus
A2.1.1 Profiled template or an engineer’s square complying with BS 939.
A2.1.2 Feeler gauges complying with BS 957.
A2.2 Procedure
With the stock of the square or the profiled template (Clause A2.1.1) in contact with the
top or bottom face of the block, bring the blade into contact with the side of the block.
Carry out the test by measuring with the feeler gauges (Clause A2.1.2) the clearance,
if any, between the square or profiled template and the side of the block at points 10
mm from each top and bottom edge. Take measurements at six different points spaced
approximately equally around the block.
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MS 1380 1995
A3. Determination of plan area
A3.1 Rectangular paving blocks

Calculate the plan area by multiplying the length by the width, or by using the method
described in Clause A3.2.
A3.2 Shapes other than rectangles
A3.2.1 Apparatus
A3.2.1.1 Balance, capable of weighing 100 g to an accuracy of 0.01 g.
A3.2.1.2 Sheets of this cardboard, of uniform thickness
A3.2.1.3 Sharp scissors
A3.2.1.4 Steel rule, marked in graduations of 0.5 mm.
A3.2.2 Measurement of plan area
Place the block, wearing surface uppermost, on the cardboard (Clause A3.2.1.2) and
trace around its perimeter with a pencil. Cut out the shape accurately and weigh it to
the nearest 0.01 g, using the balance (Clause A3.2.1.1).
Weigh a rectangle measuring 200 mm x 100 mm, cut accurately from the same
cardboard, to the nearest 0.01 g.
Calculate the plan area of the paving block A5 in mm using the equation:
20000m
S
where,
m5 is the mass of the cardboard shape matching the block (in g);
m~is the mass of the 200 mm x 100 mm cardboard rectangle (in g).
Calculate the plan area to the nearest 10 mm2.
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MS 1380 1995
Appendix B
Determination of compressive strength
BI. Apparatus
B1.1 Compression testing machine, complying with BS 1818 : Part 115.
B1.2 Softwood plywood packing or equivalent, 4 mm thick and larger than the specimen by
a margin of at least 5 mm at all points.

B~ Calculation of compressive strength
The compressive strength of each specimen shall be calculated using the equation:
C=_wx 5
A i~
-~——~i.
87
H
where,
C is the compressive strength in Nlmm2
W is the total toad at which the specimen fails in newtons;
H is the nominal height of unit in millimetres;
A is the nominal gross plan area in square millimetres based on the manufacturing
dimensions of the paving units. Where the unit is halved for testing the area of the tested
halt should be measured and treated as A.
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MS 1380 1995
The characteristic compressive strength of the lot shall be calculated from the following
equation:
Ck=C-1 .65s
where,
CR is the characteristic compressive strength in N/mm2
C is the average of the individual compressive strengths of the specimens in N/mm2.
o
5
s is the unbiased standard deviation in N/mm2
~2 ~
1
C2 C’3 C~4 G5 5 (ö) 2
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MS 1380 :1995
The following information shall be recorded:
Specimen Identification Mark

Production Date
Testing Date
The maximum load in newtons carried by each specimen
The compressive strength in N/mm2 of each specimen
The average compressive strength of the sample
The unbiased standard deviation of the sample
The characteristic compressive strength of the sample
The nominal gross plan area of the each specimen to the nearest 100 square
millimetres as calculated from the manufacturing dimensions
The preparea report should contain the following information:
Identification of the lot, lot size and manufacturing
Age of units in days at the testing date
Testing Date
The compressive strength in N/mm2 of each specimen of the sample
The characteristic compressive strength in N/mm2 of the lot
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MS 1380 :1995
Appendix C
Cl. Abrasion resistance index
C1.1 Apparatus
The abrasion resistance index is derived from the penetration of steel ball bearings
within a rotating ball race, which are under constant load, into the surface of the
paving unit. The surface to be tested should be even or else the test will produce
invalid results.
The following is a description and a diagram of the apparatus required:
(a) Electric drill (1000 watts minimum,’WOLF 3814’ or equivalent).
(b) Drill Bracket, guide bar and guide bar bracket (‘WOLF 0421’ or equivalent).
(c) Drill stand and paving-unit clamp welded to base plate.
(d) Drill-stand shaft.
(e) Dial gauge (calibrated one full revolution 1 mm).
(f) Chuck and ball-race as shown in figure.
(g) Chuck casing with water hose connection as shown in figure.
(h) Revolution counter to measure total revolution or RPM of ball race.
The speed of the output shaft of the drill shall be set at between 1000 to 1050 RPM.
The total sliding mass of the drill and attachments in the rigged position shall be
14.5kg with a tolerance of +0.25kg. Inspect the test rig and ensure that there is no
hindrance to the sliding mass. To ensure free sliding at all times, it is of utmost
importance that the drill-stand shaft and guide bar be properly lubricated at all times.
12
MS 1380 : 1995
Dial gauge
Drill stand
shaft
Drill bracket
Guide bar
bracket Electric drill
Guide bar
Chuck casing
Water hose Chuck
connection Bail—race
Revolutlon counter Paving unit

clamp
Drill stand Paving unit
base plate
Figure Cl. Arrangement of drill, bracket, stand and dial gauge
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MS 1380 1995
+0
Stack material ~25.D0—0.0
316 stainless steel
Drill and tap for

5/r dio unified
screw thread
16 TH (16
Drill 7 dia
20 deep
12 No. balls Bail—race companents

15.83 dia RHP MT2’ or equivalent
Figure C2. Detail of chuck and ball-race
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MS 1380 : 1995
Stock material
316 stainless steel
060
SKF 51205 thrust 5/8 dia. B S P

bearing or equiv. 8 deep
0—rings 45 00
bearing or equiv. 38 ID X 3.5 thick
Figure ca. Detail of chuck casing with water hose connection
15
MS 1380 : 1995
C1.2 Procedure
A lot of 5 units selected as per sampling procedures recommended shah be used as

test specimens.
The following is the recommended testing procedure:
(1) Check that the mass of drill and fittings slide freely.
(2) Place and clamp the dry specimen on the drill-stand base plate. Place the
ball-race on the specimen and lower the chuck onto the ball race.
(3) Ensure water is fiowing at a sufficient rate to clear grinding debris.
(4) Start the driil for 3 seconds to seat the ball race.
(5) Lower the dial-gauge plunger onto the bearing surface of the drill bracket and
rotate the chuck by hand through one revolution in each direction.
(6) Set the dial-gauge zero to the mean of the needle (eading.
(7) Start drill, stopping it at approximately every 1000 revolutions and measure the
penetration. Continue the test until the ballrace has completed 5000
revolutions, or until the dial-gauge has indicated a penetration of greater than
1.5mm, whichever occurs first.
(8) Penetration shall be measured by rotating the chuck by hand through one
revolution in each direction arid noting the mean dial-gauge reading.
(9) Note the number of revolutions of the ball-race.
C1.3 Calculation
The abrasion resistance index shall be calculated as follows:
a p
where,
‘a = abrasion index (calculated when the ball-race revolutions equal 5000

or the penetration equals 1.5 mm whichever occurs first);
R = ball-race revolutions, in thousands;
P = penetration in millimetres:
The abrasion index representing the sample shall be the minimum value obtaihed
from the five specimens and shall be denoted ~m,fl•
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MS 1380 1995
Publications referred to
MS 522 Specification for ordinary and rapid-hardening Portland cement

MS 1389 Specification for portland-blastfurnace cement
BS 410 Specification for test sieves
MS 30 Methods for sampling and testing of mineral aggregates, sands and fillers
Part 15: Method for the determination of acid-soluble material in fine aggregates
MS 29 Specification for aggregates from natural sources for concrete
BS 939 Specification for engineers’ squares (including cylindrical and block squares)
BS 957 Feeler gauges
BS 1014 Pigments for Portland cement and Portland cement products
BS 1047 Specification for air-cooled blastfurance slag aggregate for use in construction
BS 1881 Testing concrete
Part 115 : Specification for compression testing machines for concrete
BS 3123 Spring callipers and spring dividers
BS 3148 Methods of test for water for making concrete (including notes on the suitability
of the water)
BS 3587 Calcium chloride (technical)
MS 1226 Pulverized-fuel ash
Part 1 : Specification for pulverized-fuel ash for use as a cementitious
component in structural concrete
BS 3892 Part 2 : Specification for pulverized-fuel ash for use in grouts and for non-
structural concrete
BS 4035 Linear measuring instruments for use on building and civil engineering
constructional works. Steel measuring tapes, steel bands and retractable steel
pocket rules
BS 4372 Engineers’ steel measuring rules
BS 5075 Concrete admixtures
Part 1 : Specification for accelerating admixtures, retarding admixtures and
water-reducing admixtures
MS 1227 Specification for portland pulverized-fuel ash cement
MS 1387 Specification for ground granulated blastfurnace slag for use with Portland
cement
MA 20 Specification for concrete Segmental Paving Units by the concrete Masonry
Association of Australian.
BS 6717 Precast concrete paving blocks
Part 1: Specification for paving blocks
A specification for concrete paving blocks by the Cement and Concrete
Association Wexham Springs, Slough 5L3 6PL (1978)
17
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40911 Shah Alam.
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replacement interchangeability, and adequate variety of choice without wasteful diversify.
Malaysian Standards are prepared only after a full enquiry has shown that the project is endorsed as a desirable
one and worth the effort involved. The work is based on voluntary agreement, and recognition of the community
of interest of producer and consumer. The use of Malaysian Standards is voluntary except in so far as they are
made mandatory by statutory authorities by means of regulations, federal and local by-laws or any other similar
ways.
The Institute operates entirely on a non-profits basis. It is a grant aided body receiving financial aid from the
Government, funds from membership subscriptions and proceeds from sales of Standards and other
publications, fees and licence fees for the use of SIRIM Certification Mark and other activities associated with
Standardization, Industrial Research and Consultancy Services.

MS 1380 1995

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MS 1380 1995

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MS ISO/IEC TR 10037 : 1995

SPECIFICATION FOR PRECAST CONCRETE

STANDARDS & INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MALAYSIA

Board in August, 1995.

The following references relate to the work on this standard:

Amendments issued since publication

Amd. Date of issue Text affected

Committee representation (iii)

6 Abrasion resistance index

Cl Arrangement of drill, bracket, stand and dial gauge 13

C2 Detail of chuck and baIl-race 14

C3 Detail of chuck casing with water hose connection 15

A Measurement of dimensions and plan area 7

B Determination of compressive strength 9

C Abrasion resistance index 12

The Institution of Engineers Malaysia

Malaysian Institute of Architects

Master Builder’s Association

Ministry of Housing and Local Government (Housing Department)

Ministry of Works and Utilities (Public Works Department)

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

chartered Institute of Building Malaysia

Jabatan Kerja Raya

Puan Zainab Mohamed (Chairman) Jabatan Kerja Raya

Encik Kamalaldin bin Abd. Latiff Jabatan Kerja Raya

lr. choo Kok Beng The Institution of Engineers Malaysia

ft. Dr. Hasanan Md Nor Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

Ir. Sahri Bahari MARA Institute of Technology

Encik Ronald J. Pickering Zenbes Sdn. Bhd.

Ir. Shankar Sthipam/En. Ghazali Abd. Latiff Sun-Block Sdn. Bhd.

Encik chan Chee Lim Monier (M) Sdn. Bhd.

Encik Foong Weng Choong Integrated Brickworks Sdn. Bhd.

SPECIFICATION FOR PRECAST CONCRETE PAVING BLOCKS

This Malaysian Standard is to specify materials, properties requirements and methods

2.1 Concrete paving block

2.2 Wearing surface(s)

Surface(s) of a paving block designed to be laid uppermost and to be trafficked in use.

2.3 Plan area

2.4 Compressive strength

A measure of the crushing strength of a paving block.

2.5 Work size

2.7 Overall width

excluding any spacer nibs.

2.8 Spacer nibs

Small protruding profiles on a side face of a block.

An aggregate at paving blocks of a single type and of specified characteristics and

dimensions presented for random sampling at one time.

3.1 Binders and binder constituents

Ordinary Portland cement MS 522 : Part 1

Portland-blastfurnace cement MS 1389

Portland pulverized-fuel ash cement MS 1227

Pulverized-fuel ash MS 1226 : Part 1

Ground granulated blastfurnace slag MS 1387

Air-cooled 63 1047 :1983

Pulverized-fuel ash BS 3892 : Part 1 or

3.3.2 Acid-soluble material (fine aggregate)

The water shall be of drinking quality and in accordance with MS 28.

3.5 Admixtures and pigments

Proprietary accelerating, retarding and water-reducing agents shalt comply with

Pigments shall comply with BS 1014.

Calcium chloride shall comply with BS 3587.

4.2.1 Shape Type A

4.2.2 Shape Type B

4.2.3 Shape Type C