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CONCRETE
-‐
ONE
OF
THE
OLDEST
BUT
STILL
MOST
COMMON
BUILDING
MATERIAL
source: www.beton.org
The
main
advantages
of
steel-‐reinforced
concrete
are:
Transfer
of
high
compressive
loads
by
the
concrete
High
tensile
loads
by
the
steel
Free
design
with
wide
range
of
applica5ons
However
it
must
be
realized
that
under
certain
condi5ons
steel
reinforcement
reaches
technical
limits.
A
strongly
increasing
problem
is
steel
corrosion.
Corrosion
of
steel
is
a
constant
and
elementary
process
and
occurs
Fair
faced
concrete
even
in
concrete
structures
if
structures
are
exposed
to
wind
and
weather
and
especially
water,
like
bridges,
pavements,
waterways.
Already
in
2002
a
research
confessed
that
the
annual
costs
of
repair
and
maintenance
of
the
European
infrastructure
–
as
a
result
of
damage
-‐
associated
with
corrosion
on
reinforcement
–
is
around
30
Billion
Euros
and
the
repair
costs
can
be
twice
as
high
as
the
original
costs
for
design
and
construc5on.
(source:
EUREKA
Project
2878
CurvedNFR).
Today
more
than
100
Bill
Euros
annual
costs
must
be
invested
world
wide.
NEW
REINFORCEMENT
FOR
EXTENDED
APPLICATION
-‐
FEATURES
OF
FiReP®
REBAR
FiReP®
REBAR
offers environment
friendly
solu5ons
and
provides
significant
reduc5on
of
repair
and
maintenance
costs.
FiReP®
REBAR
is
a
system
with
new
func5ons
allowing
widely
extended
applica5ons.
FiReP®
REBAR
is
a
non
metallic
reinforcement
system
in
form
of
bars
and
bended
parts,
comparable
to
steel
but
based
on
fibre
reinforced
polymers.
Highly
resistant
glass
fibres,
embedded
in
a
diffusion
5ght
resin
matrix
of
a
specified
vinyl
ester,
guarantee
long
life
applica5on
even
in
extreme
environments.
BENEFITS
Sealed surface
Low weight
Due
to
the
low
density
of
glass
and
resin
FiReP®
REBAR
products
show
a
density,
which
reaches
just
30%
of
the
density
of
steel
however
delivers
3.5
Stess-‐strain-‐behaviour
FRP
vs
steel
5mes
more
length
per
ton
FRP
material
in
comparison
to
steel.
No Electrical conduc2vity
Thermal behaviour
Source:
www.energynet.de
predominant
uni-‐direc5onal
oriented
fibres.
The
rebar
shows
different
thermal
expansion
factors
for
axial
and
transverse
direc5ons
of
fibres.
This
FRP
material
has
a
significantly
lower
thermal
conduc5vity
than
steel,
which
avoids
thermal
bridges
and
has
a
good
thermal
insula5on
e.
g.
for
balcony
connec5ons.
Waterway
engineering
5dal
construc5on
waterways
&
docks
ponds
landings
weirs,
je]es,
wave
breakers
retaining
basins
caissons
sluices
&
water
gates
backing
structures
barges
5dal
outlets
&
flood
gates
river
beds
shore
protec5on
&
dyking
flood
protec5on
on
rivers
Main Proper2es
Shapes
1D
Type
11
/
S
12,
16,
20,
25,
28,
32
straight
tension
members
Type
12
/
SS
5,
6,
8,
10
straight
tension
members
with
weaker
profiling
2D
Type
21
/
L
12,
16,
20,
25
L-‐shaped
/
angular
hooks,
starter
bars,
haunch-‐reinforcement
Type
22
/
LR
12,
16,
20,
25
cropped
hooks,
le\-‐right
/
double-‐cropped
Type
23
/
U
12,
16,
20,
25
U-‐/
C-‐s5rrup,
double-‐bent.,
open
Type
24
/
U/C12,
16,
20,
25
U-‐/
C-‐s5rrup,
4
5mes
bent,
open,
with
bent
ends
Type
25
/
O
12,
16,
20,
25
O-‐s5rrup
/
ring,
5-‐
/
65mes
bent,
closed
link
with
lapped
ends
Type
26
/
T
12,
16,
20,
25
triangle
/
delta-‐s5rrup,
4
5mes
bent,
closed
with
lapped
ends
Type
27
/
M
5,
6,
8,
10
reinforcement
mat
(grid),
analogue
to
standard
mesh
3D
Type
31
/
H
12,
16,
20,
25
spiral
/
helix
shape
(pile,
round
cage)
Type
32
/
D
12,
16,
20,
25
spacer
1D
and
2D
and
3D
PARTS
Straight rods:
Cage
for
diaphragm
wall Connec2ng
steel
and
FRP
with
cable
Detail
of
reinforcing
cage
clamps
FiReP®
REBAR
FRP
SYSTEM
FiReP®
POWERMESH
is
a
strong
FRP
grid
which
was
developed
in
accordance
to
standard
steel
mesh
applica5on
but
with
extended
requirements
to
the
durability
under
exposed
condi5ons
like
thin
facades
or
cuXability
for
temporary
applica5on
like
so\
eyes.
Weight g 1’800
The
high
load
capacity
at
each
joint
–
comparable
to
welded
steel
mesh
–
is
unique
and
makes
the
design
of
FRP
grid
reinforced
structures
easy
for
engineers
and
architects.
Repair of bridge pillar -‐ Applica2on of FiReP FRP mesh for reinforcement of sprayed concrete
Of
course
FiReP®
POWERMESH
offers
all
benefits
known
from
the
FiReP®
REBAR
products.
Due
to
the
lower
E-‐Modulus
and
required
crack
width
limita5on
the
cross
sec5on
area
per
meter
should
be
extended
that
the
full
subs5tu5on
of
steel
mesh
is
given.
CASES
&
PROJECTS
Airport Vienna
Airport Zurich
Metro Singapore
*test procedures are also applicable for CSA 806 and ACI 440
Tests
carried
out
accordingly
to
all
essen5al
standards
(ISO
10406,
ACI
440,
CSA
806)
at
the
Ins5tut
für
Massivbau
(IMB),
RWTH
Aachen,
Germany
**
Stress-‐strain
behaviour
**Extensometers
removed
for
security
reasons
before
failure
occured
Tensile
test
TESTS
on
FiReP®
REBAR
Durability
Tests
carried
out
at
Finger
Ins5tut,
University
Weimar
Long
term
durability
test
under
work
load
in
high
alkaline
solu5on
and
under
increased
temperatures
Sharper
test
condi5ons
than
required
in
interna5onal
standards:
-‐
pH-‐value
13.7
-‐
Temperature
60°C
-‐
74%
of
tensile
strength
a\er
3000h
Bond
strength
Bond
strength
was
tested
according
to
RILEM
at
IMB,
RWTH
Aachen
University.
A
related
rib
surface
similar
to
steel
guaran5ed
a
good
bond
behaviour
to
concrete.