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XRIO User Manual
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Table of Contents
1 Introduction ...............................................................................................................................................5
2 RIO and XRIO.............................................................................................................................................5
2.1 Purpose of Data in RIO and XRIO .......................................................................................................5
2.2 RIO and its Limitations .........................................................................................................................6
2.3 XRIO and its Enhancements ................................................................................................................6
3 The Test Object User Interface ................................................................................................................8
3.1 User Roles............................................................................................................................................8
3.2 The Generic User Interface ..................................................................................................................8
3.2.1 Standard Mode ...............................................................................................................................9
3.2.2 Advanced Mode............................................................................................................................11
3.3 The Classic User Interface .................................................................................................................13
4 The XRIO Structure .................................................................................................................................14
4.1 Technical Details behind XRIO ..........................................................................................................14
4.2 Blocks and Parameters ......................................................................................................................14
4.3 Block Properties .................................................................................................................................15
4.4 Parameter Properties .........................................................................................................................16
5 Global Test Object with Multiple Function Blocks ..............................................................................18
6 Custom Section – Create your own Parameters..................................................................................20
7 XRIO Scripting .........................................................................................................................................21
7.1 Setting up Formulas for Values and Enabled Flags...........................................................................21
7.1.1 Basics about Formulas .................................................................................................................22
7.1.2 Arithmetic Operators.....................................................................................................................24
7.1.3 Comparison Operators .................................................................................................................24
7.1.4 Logical Operators .........................................................................................................................24
7.1.5 IIF – Statement .............................................................................................................................24
7.1.6 Predefined References.................................................................................................................25
7.2 Script Functions Section with Global Functions .................................................................................25
7.2.1 Programming in the Script Functions Section ..............................................................................27
7.2.2 Adding Script References.............................................................................................................28
7.2.3 Compilation and Execution of the Script in the Background ........................................................28
8 Organizing XRIO files .............................................................................................................................29
8.1 Left Tree – The Test Object ...............................................................................................................29
8.2 Right Tree – The XRIO File ................................................................................................................30
8.3 Merging the two Trees........................................................................................................................30
8.3.1 Blocks with fixed Destination ........................................................................................................30
8.3.2 Blocks with variable Destination ...................................................................................................30
9 XRIO Converter – Input Genuine Relay Settings .................................................................................31
10 Testing and Debugging of XRIO Converter........................................................................................33
11 Filters......................................................................................................................................................35
12 Fully Parameterized Tests – LinkToXRIO ...........................................................................................37
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Glossary
Abbreviations
Definitions
Test Object : Component of the Test Universe software describing the device under test
XRIO : Specification for Test Object definitions introduced with Test Universe 2.0
XRIO File : Saved XRIO Test Object as a file
XRIO Converter : Test Object with automatic calculation of parameters from settings
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1 Introduction
The XRIO concept was introduced with the OMICRON Test Universe (OTU) 2.0 as an improvement of the
Relay Interface by OMICRON (RIO). It represents the second generation to model test objects in the OTU.
A test object can be a protection relay, a meter, or other devices, which are physical test objects in a
protection environment.
The purpose of this manual is to illustrate the features of XRIO. All the explanations in this manual are
based on an example XRIO converter for the protection relay SEL-421 from Schweitzer Engineering
Laboratories and show the concept behind XRIO. With this knowledge, it should be possible to create
XRIO files with XRIO converter functionality for any test object. It is also shown how to use the XRIO files
in a test plan in the OMICRON Control Center (OCC).
It is required to be familiar with the OTU, the OCC and RIO before reading this manual.
The following chapter points out the reason for introducing XRIO in the OTU 2.0 and the advantages
compared to RIO, which was used in previous versions of the OTU.
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The XRIO concept introduced in the OTU 2.0 is based on the RIO file technology. The "X" in the name
XRIO stands for eXtended RIO. XRIO implements some enhancements to RIO to overcome its limitations
and fulfill future requirements of automated testing. The most important aspect of XRIO is that a tester can
work directly with the relay specific parameter settings. Therefore, a XRIO file includes additional
information and functionality compared to a RIO file.
TEST OBJECT
Relay Specific Parameters
RIO Converter
XRIO File
RIO File
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Generally, there are three sections in XRIO to group the data file according to its purpose and origin.
The RIO section holds conventional RIO blocks for function specific test modules which are required for
the test modules in the OTU. The structure of this section is based on the RIO specification.
The Custom section can be freely defined. The main purpose is to map the relay specific parameter
settings. These parameters are the same as the parameters which an engineer uses to configure the test
object. Additionally, the Custom section can include other user-defined helper parameters.
The Script Functions section has no sub-blocks and parameters. In this section it is possible to declare
global functions which are used for the transformation of the relay specific parameters into the RIO
parameters.
The XRIO tree structure with its three sections is shown in Figure 3. The detailed structure of XRIO is
described in chapter 4 The XRIO Structure.
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• EDIT
Show the classic test object user interface of the RIO function.
Figure 6: Number of errors, warnings, and information shown in the status bar
Besides the three mentioned categories, there are different groups of messages for each category. The
line and column number of the errors and warnings in the XRIO file are also displayed in the Errors view.
Additionally, there is a Description, the Name-Path, and the Id-Path shown for each message. With all this
information it is possible to find errors and warnings in a XRIO file.
If the source of an error can directly been viewed in the XRIO user interface (parameter, formula code,
script,…) the context menu of the error entry contains the "Goto Error" command that directly jumps to the
cause of the error. This is also possible with just double-clicking the error entry.
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The data type, Min value, Max value, Name, ID, and Description of RIO parameters cannot be changed.
Block names can be changed to distinguish blocks of the same type (e.g. labels for distance zones).
Function specific RIO sub block can only be changed by a designer in the classic user interfaces of the
specific functions blocks and/or with the integrated XRIO organizer, which is described in chapter 8.
Additionally, the Script Functions section of a XRIO file is accessible. The purpose of the Script Functions
section is described in chapter 7.2.
Advanced Commands
FILE menu commands:
• ORGANIZE…
Opens the XRIO organizer. The organizer includes two panes. There is one for the Test Object
and one for a XRIO file, which can be imported and exported.
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Figure 12: Classic user interface (Distance) and Characteristic Editor for distance zones
Note that the classic test object user interface is not directly aware of the XRIO specific infrastructure like
formulas and their dependencies. If for example a value is changed in an edit field that is a calculation
result of a formula, the corresponding formula will be disabled as the value is not any more the result of
the calculation.
When the classic UI is closed with the OK button, XRIO checks for such problems and warns the user if
he has destroyed formulas by changing values. The user can cancel the changes.
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Figure 13: Block structure (tree view left side) and parameters of
a block (parameter table right side)
Parameters and blocks have some common properties. Actually the parameters have the same properties
as the blocks plus the value properties. The properties can be edited in the appropriate details pages.
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If a Boolean type is chosen the value can only be true or false. The Integer and Real types have
minimum and maximum values.
• Value, Multiplier, Unit, Digits after decimal
A value is a constant or the evaluated formula expression. It is possible to define a unit and a
multiplier for a value. The available units are V, A, s, cy, Hz, °C, F, W, VA, var, and Ohm. The
user can also define any string as unit. Multipliers are used to represent a value in the user
-6
interface as a combination of an adjusted value with its multiplier. They can be u for 10 , m for
-3 3 6
10 , k for 10 , and M for 10 and can be used with the predefined units and with custom defined
units.
If a parameter value is defined with a multiplier, the value is converted internally to a value without
a multiplier (e.g. 3kV is stored as 3000V).
Using the digits after decimal the default display of the parameter value can be controlled.
For the predefined non SI unit cycles (cy), the input value is automatically
converted internally the following way:
cy Value = Input / fn SI-Unit = s
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Figure 17: Set RIO function block as active function in the Test Object
In an OCC document only one global Test Object needs to be included. In the test modules of the OCC
document, a specific block is selected as the active function as shown above.
To reduce the complexity for the user, there are the following rules defined:
• Each test module must have a corresponding function block. Therefore, a default function block is
generated and filled with default values at startup of the Test Object.
• One of the multiple function blocks of the same kind is the active one.
• The local Test Object shows the settings of the currently assigned block.
In an OCC document, there are some additional aspects for the global Test Object to know:
• A function block must exist, if a corresponding test module is embedded.
• If a test module (e.g. Overcurrent) is inserted into an OCC document, then the default overcurrent
function block is assigned to the module.
• In the Test Object settings of a test module the assignment can be changed.
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Figure 18: OCC document with a global Test Object, hardware configuration, and four test modules
A Test Object can change due to example by deleting a RIO function block or importing a RIO function
block from a file in the XRIO organizer. In such situations the existing assignments to the available
function blocks remain as valid assignments. If an assignment could not be resolved the default function
block is assigned.
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Figure 19: Custom section with the relay parameter of the SEL-421 relay (advanced mode)
It is recommended to create the Custom section with the same structure as in the relay handbook or the
relay settings software. The creation of the Custom section is done in the advanced mode. A tester works
in the standard mode and should be able to enter all the relay settings in the Custom section.
Mostly, availability of settings depends on logical conditions. For example, this means that only the
parameters for enabled relay functions are editable. This mechanism should also be implemented in the
Custom section. The figure below shows such an example of a logical condition.
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7 XRIO Scripting
All the calculations in the XRIO concept are implemented in a script-language. Microsoft VB.Net is used.
The XRIO scripting is needed to create XRIO converter functionality. Generally, there are two cases
where XRIO scripting is used:
• Setting up formulas for parameter values and Enabled flags
• Script Functions section with useful global functions
There are some different rules for scripting in these two cases which are illustrated below. The VB.Net
scripting language is a high-level programming language and is powerful enough to satisfy the needs of
experienced programmers. Generally, all features of the .Net framework are available but only some of
them are needed for XRIO.
The System.Math namespace is very useful for implementing formulas and script functions in the XRIO
concept. Therefore, it is included by default. This has the advantage that frequently used mathematical
operations can be written in the short form (e.g. TAN(…) instead of MATH.TAN(…)). Note that VB.Net
scripting language is not case-sensitive.
In this manual only some basics of the VB.Net scripting language are shown which are typically needed
for modeling a XRIO converter. For detailed information on the VB.Net scripting language refer to the
1
MSDN VB.Net documentation .
1
http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/vbls7/html/vbSpecStart.asp
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When a referenced parameter is deleted, all formulas using the ID of the deleted parameter are disabled
because they can not be calculated anymore. The advantage of disabling the formulas instead of deleting
them is that they can be used again after enabling them. If the formula still contains errors after enabling,
a script error message is displayed.
The following section shows examples from the wide variety of possibilities and the most common
operations in XRIO.
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Figure 26: Example of an IIF – Statement (NFREQ enumeration shown in Figure 16)
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Figure 27: List box with often used parameters in formulas (Ctrl+Shift+I)
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The line element 4 only exists when the following constraint is true. Otherwise the element is disabled and
the shape only exists of three remaining line elements.
XG
RG <
cos( Z1ANG )
Since the same constraint is used for all the quadrilateral ground distance zones, it is useful to define a
function in the Script Functions section, which calculates the right side of the equation.
The following figure shows the Script Functions section for the Schweitzer SEL-421 User Manual.xrio file
(located in OMICRON Test Library) with the function to calculate the constraint for the line element 4 of
the quadrilateral distance protection zones.
Figure 29: Script Functions section for global functions (e.g. SEL-421 constraint)
The constraint is used for the Enabled flag of the line element 4 (e.g. for zone 1). The verification of the
constraint can be done directly in the formula field of the Enabled flag as shown below.
Figure 30: Calculation of the constraint for line element 4 in the block Enabled formula
As an alternative the constraint can be verified in a new Boolean helper parameter in the Custom section.
In this case, only the helper parameter has to be referenced in the formula field of the Enabled flag for the
line element 4. The Enabled flag of the blocks in the Custom section which contain such helper
parameters should be false. As a result, these blocks are not visible in the standard mode, which is
described in detail in chapter 3.2.
Figure 31: Definition of the constraint as a Boolean helper parameter in the Custom section
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XRIO file
Only a designer of a
The UI shows the XRIO converter needs
parameters in a table. to modify this section. A
The tester can modify tester has only access
the values. to the classic user
interfaces.
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It is recommended for a designer of a Test Object with integrated XRIO converter to use the following
sequence of steps. Note that a designer has to work in the advanced mode.
Step 1: Create the Block Structure in the RIO Section:
If there exists a RIO file for the protection test object in the OMICRON Test Library, this RIO file
can be imported into the Test Object to fill the RIO section with the appropriate data.
Some relay manufacturer offer a RIO export option in their relay software. The resulting RIO file
can also be imported into the Test Object to generate the structure in the RIO section.
Additional RIO functions blocks can be added. This is also used when there is no RIO file
available for a protection test object and the RIO block structure has to be created from scratch.
The following dialog box shows all possible RIO functions blocks which can be added.
Figure 36: Add new test module function blocks to the RIO section
These RIO function blocks are filled with the default values which can be changed in the
corresponding classic user interface.
It is recommended that designers always generate the maximum content in the RIO section
with the classic user interface before adding formulas in step 4 (e.g. maximum zone elements
for distance protection zones).
Step 2: Create Relay Parameters in the Custom Section:
The designer uses the generic user interface to add blocks with parameters in the Custom
section. These parameters map the relay parameters with their current settings and additional
helper parameters for the XRIO converter.
It is recommended to use the same structure in the Custom section as in the relay handbook or
the relay software.
Step 3: Add Global Functions in the Script Functions Section:
Global function can be added into the Script Functions section of the Test Object. These
functions are written in the VB.Net scripting language and can be used in any formula field of
any parameter in the generic user interface.
Step 4: Add Formulas for the XRIO Converter Functionality in the RIO Section:
In the generic user interface, formulas can be added for calculation of parameter values in the
RIO section. Additionally formulas for the Enabled flags of parameters and blocks can be
defined. All parameters and script functions can be used in formulas.
After completing the design a Test Object with XRIO converter functionality has to be verified. There is a
recommended checklist for testing of XRIO converter in the following chapter. Sometimes it can be
necessary to debug a XRIO converter.
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Figure 37: Debugging of the SEL-421 XRIO converter with the CLR Debugger
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Figure 38: Enabling just-in time debugging for "Common Language Runtime" in the CLR debugger
2
http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/
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11 Filters
Typically, the Custom section holds the relay specific settings. If the configuration of a test object is
changed, the same changes have to be applied to the parameters in the Custom section. This can be a lot
of work if there are many relay parameters involved. Additionally, it has to be verified that the
configuration values of the physical test object are identical with the parameter values in the Custom
section.
For the automation of these tasks, filters can be used. A filter is software that reads/writes data from/to an
external source. A standard XML filter is shipped with the OTU. User specific filters can be developed and
installed if necessary.
Export Function
for Relay Standard XML
Parameter Values Filter
Relay XML Test Object
Software File
Figure 39: Filling the parameters of the Custom section with the standard XML filter
If another data format is used a corresponding filter is needed.
The structure of a filter allows import and export functionality. Some filters will provide both, some only
import depending on the usage of the filter.
There are many situations where it is useful to import data from a different source outside the OTU. For
example, this can be a relay settings file of any format created by a relay software. In this case, the values
of the parameters in the Custom section have to be updated. Another scenario is that relay settings from
IEC61850-conformant devices will be read either from a file or even directly from a protection device. The
data input is not only possible from a file but in general from any source.
Normally, a filter only manipulates the data in the Custom section. However, there is the possibility to
change the complete XRIO tree.
Filters are accessed via the FILE | IMPORT RELAY SETTINGS menu in the Test Object. The
following dialog offers the possibility to select one of the available filters and set it as the default one.
Export is in the moment only accessible via Automation.
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An excerpt of a XML file with configuration data of the SEL-421 protection relay is shown below. This XML
file can be used to update the Custom section's relay parameters of the SEL-421 XRIO converter with the
standard XML filter.
Note that filters can be developed separately and added as additional packages to the OTU.
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Figure 42: LinkToXRIO in the context menu of a value in the Test view
LinkToXRIO is only possible if this feature is activated for the value. This command opens a dialog to
browse the XRIO tree. The LinkToXRIO dialog remembers the last selected parameter to reconstruct the
state of the tree from the last usage. If the dialog is called for an already linked value, then the linked
parameter is selected.
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Index of Figures
Figure 1: RIO structure shown by an excerpt of the SEL-421 RIO file ..........................................................5
Figure 2: RIO converter needed for RIO file technology................................................................................6
Figure 3: XRIO tree structure .........................................................................................................................7
Figure 4: Test Object in standard mode (Custom section) ............................................................................8
Figure 5: Test Object in standard mode (RIO section) ..................................................................................9
Figure 6: Number of errors, warnings, and information shown in the status bar .........................................10
Figure 7: Errors view in the Test Object.......................................................................................................10
Figure 8: Status history view in OMICRON test modules ............................................................................10
Figure 9: Test Object in advanced mode .....................................................................................................11
Figure 10: Add function specific blocks in the RIO section..........................................................................11
Figure 11: Toolbar of the Test Object ..........................................................................................................12
Figure 12: Classic user interface (Distance) and Characteristic Editor for distance zones .........................13
Figure 13: Block structure (tree view left side) and parameters of a block (parameter table right side) ....14
Figure 14: Block details page.......................................................................................................................15
Figure 15: Parameter details page...............................................................................................................16
Figure 16: Enumeration value definition ......................................................................................................16
Figure 17: Set RIO function block as active function in the Test Object......................................................18
Figure 18: OCC document with a global Test Object, hardware configuration, and four test modules.......19
Figure 19: Custom section with the relay parameter of the SEL-421 relay (advanced mode) ....................20
Figure 20: Realize logic conditions in the Custom section ..........................................................................20
Figure 21: "Add Reference" with "Insert Formula Reference" dialog...........................................................22
Figure 22: Example for parameter value formula expressions ....................................................................22
Figure 23: Example for block Enabled flag formula .....................................................................................23
Figure 24: XRIO warning if a parameter for deletion is referenced in a formula .........................................23
Figure 25: Enabling of disabled formulas (context menu) ...........................................................................23
Figure 26: Example of an IIF – Statement (NFREQ enumeration shown in Figure 16) ..............................24
Figure 27: List box with often used parameters in formulas (Ctrl+Shift+I)...................................................25
Figure 28: Constraint for line element 4 of quadrilateral zone (SEL-421) ...................................................25
Figure 29: Script Functions section for global functions (e.g. SEL-421 constraint) .....................................26
Figure 30: Calculation of the constraint for line element 4 in the block Enabled formula............................26
Figure 31: Definition of the constraint as a Boolean helper parameter in the Custom section....................26
Figure 32: Shortcuts to insert templates for constants and functions ..........................................................27
Figure 33: Add a script reference.................................................................................................................28
Figure 34: XRIO organizer ...........................................................................................................................29
Figure 35: XRIO Test Object with its dependencies ....................................................................................31
Figure 36: Add new test module function blocks to the RIO section ...........................................................32
Figure 37: Debugging of the SEL-421 XRIO converter with the CLR Debugger.........................................33
Figure 38: Enabling just-in time debugging for "Common Language Runtime" in the CLR debugger ........34
Figure 39: Filling the parameters of the Custom section with the standard XML filter ................................35
Figure 40: Relay settings import with filters .................................................................................................35
Figure 41: LinkToXRIO in the Ramping module (relative mode) .................................................................37
Figure 42: LinkToXRIO in the context menu of a value in the Test view.....................................................37
Figure 43: Selecting a parameter for LinkToXRIO.......................................................................................38
Figure 44: Tool tip of a linked parameter (relative mode) ............................................................................38
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