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污染的类型和原因
2016 年 11 月 5 日更新

哈萨姆
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污染一词是指通过引入扰乱生态系统并直接或间接影响该生态系统生物的某些
有害污染物来污染环境的行为 。一般而言，污染是扰乱自然系统和平衡环境的
活动。
多年来人类污染的增加对地球生态系统造成了严重破坏。它负责全球变暖，如
果地球上的所有生命都会导致全球变暖。多年来，人类疾病的发病率和地球上
各种动植物的死亡率极度上升，这都是因为人类自身造成的污染。
污染种类很多，但其中有四种对我们的生活影响最大。以下是四种最危险的污
染类型及其原因：

空气污染
空气污染可能是最常见和最危险的污染类型。它涉及将化学物质直接释放到环
境中。然后，化学物质成为我们周围所有生物所吸收的空气的一部分。
今天哮喘和肺癌等疾病发病率的增加是由于我们周围的空气污染增加。空气污
染也是全球变暖和酸雨的原因。

空气污染的原因
基本上，空气污染是由直接将危险化学品释放到空气中的燃料燃烧引起的。
例如，燃煤会释放出二氧化硫，这是一种导致酸雨的有毒气体。
这些化学品的来源是大型工厂，车辆烟雾，烟囱和木材燃烧。
 全球变暖对极地动物的威胁全球变暖
的影响正在各地造成严重破坏 - 温度升高，飓风，大雨，洪水和干旱现在变
得更加频繁和严重。
土壤污染
土壤污染涉及通过向土壤中释放有害物质而污染土壤。与对人类生活有直接影
响的空气污染不同，土壤污染会对人类和其他动物造成间接损害。
所有生物的生命都取决于三个来源：水，光和土壤。作为食物链生产者的植物
从土壤中摄取其营养所必需的营养素。

由于全球变暖干燥湖泊
 湖泊干涸或干涸
湖泊是四面环海的淡水水体。它们被认为是短期水体，并且可能随着环境
条件的变化而变干。
然后将植物摄取的营养物转移到依赖于这些植物的消费者身上。因此，由污染
物组成的土壤不仅会影响在土壤上生长的植物，还会间接损害整个食物链。

土壤污染的原因
土壤污染主要是工业废物的释放造成的。大型工业和工厂将这种废物直接掺入
土壤中。土壤污染也是由人类采矿和砍伐森林等行为造成的。
水污染
地球表面的 75％被水覆盖，地球物种总数的一半以上存在于水中。
而且，我们的生活很大程度上取决于水和没有水的生活是不可能的。水污染不
仅影响生活在水中的鱼类和动物，而且还影响整个食物链，还根据这些动物将
污染物转移给消费者。
动物因污染而濒临灭绝
 5 世界濒临灭绝的动物
几个世纪以来人口的增加对地球造成的损失不是一次，而是造成很多。人
口的增加直接导致他们的需求增加，进而导致动物灭绝。
从污染的湖泊中使用的水直接污染了其使用者。由于水污染急剧增加，许多水
生物濒临灭绝。

水污染的原因
就像空气和土壤污染一样，水污染是由直接掺入有害污染物引起的。
这些污染物的来源仍然是在湖泊和池塘中处理废物的大型工业和工厂。

噪音污染
与上述类型的污染不同，不涉及危险化学品或将其掺入环境中，而噪音污染则
是环境中噪音率的增加。
噪音被定义为对人耳产生不利影响的令人不快的声音。
噪音可能非常危险。它就在我们身边。它渗透到人的心灵并控制它。
 噪音太大会导致严重的心理疾病并严重影响行为。
它会导致高血压，压力，攻击性和烦恼。而且，它会导致抑郁和健忘。

噪音污染的原因
噪音污染是由移动的车辆，人造机器和嘈杂的音乐引起的。除了噪音可能是由
任何事情引起的，但这三个来源是我们周围噪音污染的主要原因。

污染及其类型
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注释
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 Environmental

Types and Causes of

Pollution
Updated on November 5, 2016

hassam
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Contact Author
The term pollution refers to the act of contaminating ones environment by
introducing certain hazardous contaminants that disturb the ecosystem and
directly or indirectly affect the living organisms of that ecosystem. Pollution in
general is the activity of disturbing the natural system and balance of an
environment.
The increase in the pollution over the years by man has caused severe
damage to the earth’s ecosystem. It is responsible for global warming which is
leading to the end if all the lives on earth. Over the years there is an extreme
increase in the rate of human diseases, and death rate of various animals and
plants on earth, and that is all because of the pollution caused by man himself.
There are many types of pollution, but four of them have the most perilous
affect on our lives. Following are the four most dangerous types of pollutions
and their causes:

Air Pollution
Air pollution is perhaps the most common and the most dangerous type of
pollution. It involves the direct release of chemicals into the environment. The
chemicals then become the part of the air around us that all the living things
take in.
The increase in the rate of diseases such as asthma and lung cancer today is
due to the increase in the air pollution around us. Air pollution is also a cause
of global warming and acid rain.

Causes of Air Pollution

Basically the air pollution is caused by the burning of fuel that directly releases
hazardous chemicals into the air.
For example the burning of coal releases sulphur dioxide, a poisonous gas
which is responsible for acid rain.
The sources of such chemicals are the large factories, smoke from the
vehicles, chimneys and burning of wood.
 Threat To Polar Animals Due To Global Warming
The effects of global warming are playing havoc everywhere - higher
temperatures, hurricanes, heavy rains, flooding and droughts have now
become more frequent and severe in intensity.
Soil Pollution
Soil pollution involves the contamination of soil by the release of harmful
substances into the soil. Unlike air pollution, which has a direct affect on
human lives, soil pollution causes an indirect damage to humans and other
animals.
The lives of all the living things depend on three sources: water, light and soil.
The plants which are the producers of the food chain take up their nutrients,
which are essential for their living, from the soil.

Drying Lakes Due To Global Warming

 Lakes Dried Or Drying Up
Lakes are fresh water bodies that are enclosed by land from all sides.
They are considered to be a short-term water body, and may dry up with
changing environmental conditions.
The nutrients taken by the plants are then transferred to the consumers that
depend on these plants. Hence a soil consisting of contaminants will not only
affect the plants growing on the soil but it will also indirectly harm the entire
food chain.
Causes of Soil Pollution
Soil pollution is mainly caused by the release of industrial waste. This waste is
directly incorporated into the soil by large industries and factories. Soil
pollution is also caused by human acts as mining and deforestation etc.

Water Pollution
The 75% of the earth’s surface is covered with water and more that half of the
total population of earth’s species resides in water.
Moreover, our life greatly depends on water and life without water is
impossible. Water pollution not only affects the fish and animals living in the
water but also affects the whole food chain by also transferring the
contaminants to the consumers depending on these animals.
Animals Endangered Due To Pollution
 5 Endangered Animals Of The World
The increase of human population over the centuries has caused not one
but many damage to Earth. The increase in human population leads
directly to the increase in their demand which in turn leads to animal
extinction.
Water used from a polluted lake directly contaminates its user. Many of the
water creatures are on the verge of extinction due to the dramatic increase in
the water pollution.

Cause of Water Pollution

Just like air and soil pollution, water pollution is caused by the direct
incorporation of hazardous pollutants.
The sources of these pollutants are yet again the large industries and
factories that dispose off their waste in lakes and ponds.

Noise Pollution
Unlike other the above mentioned types of pollutions does not involve
hazardous chemicals or their incorporation into the environment, rather noise
pollution is the increase in the rate of noise in the environment.
 Noise is defined as an unpleasant sound that has an adverse effect on the
human ear.
Noise can be extremely dangerous. And it is all around us. It penetrates into
human mind and controls it.
Too much noise leads to severe psychological illness and badly affects the
behavior.
It leads to hypertension, stress, aggression and annoyance. Moreover, it
causes depression and forgetfulness.

Cause of Noise Pollution

Noise pollution is caused by the moving vehicles, man made machines and
loud music. Other than that noise can be caused by anything, but these three
sources are the main reasons for the noise pollution around us.

Pollution and Its Types

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