You are on page 1of 23

WIRELESS

COMMUNICATIONS
Carlos Pupiales Y.
chpupiales@utn.edu.ec
Outline:
• Introduction
• History
• Wireless Networks
• Applications
• The market for Wireless
• Standard Bodies
• Challenges
• Extras

Carlos Pupiales Y. - 2018 3


Introduction

• A wireless communication allows to transmit information using


the air as a medium of communication.

Why wireless?

Why wired?
Carlos Pupiales Y. - 2018 4
A Brief History

• Maxwell and Hertz were the first who wrote the principles to use the
electromagnetic waves to transmit information.
• Tesla demonstrated that wireless communications are possible and he
performed the first wireless communication.

• Tesla developed the first radio system;


however, Marconi was awarded with the
Nobel Price for this. Unfair?
• Military applications drove the wireless
communications to a next level because of the
research performed during and after the
WWII.

Source: F. Molisch, Wireless Communications, 2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2011.

Carlos Pupiales Y. - 2018 5


A Brief History (2)
• In 1946, the first mobile telephone system was installed
in USA.
• In 1957, the URSS’ satellite “Sputnik” made possible
satellite communications.
• In 1970, Nippon Telephone and Telegraph (NNT)
developed the first commercial cellphone system.
Source: www.mirror.co.uk

Source: www.corp.att.com
Source: wikipedia.org

Carlos Pupiales Y. - 2018 6


Wireless Networks
• WBAN (Wireless Body Area Network)
• Health monitoring sensors.
• Wearables.
• Entertainment devices.

• Applications:
• Sports, electronics, military
• security, health care, and more.

• Protocols:
• Zigbee, Bluetooth. Source: IEEE life science

Carlos Pupiales Y. - 2018 7


Wireless Networks (2)
• WPAN (Wireless Personal Area Network)
• Short distances (< 10m).
• Mainly to interconnect with peripheral devices such as PC, printers, speakers,
and mobile phones.
• Low data rate (ussually less than 1Mbps).

• Applications:
• Monitoring, health care, security, data transfer entertainment, remote control.

• Protocols:
• Zigbee, Bluetooth, Ultrawideband, IR.

Carlos Pupiales Y. - 2018 8


Wireless Networks (3)
• WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network)
• To interconnect devices in an office, house, or building.
• Coverage less than 100 m.
• Applications:
• Share files, Internet access
• home entertainment, control,
• monitoring, and more.
• Protocols:
• Wi-Fi, HomeRF, HiperLAN
• DLNA, IGRS, and UPnP
Carlos Pupiales Y. - 2018 Source: www.nict.go.jp 9
Wireless Networks (4)
• WMAN (Wireless Metropolitan Area Network)

• It expands the coverage of a simple WLAN.

• It provides coverage to metropolitan areas.

• High speed access.

• Applications:

• Last mile access or private/public networks.

• Protocols: Source: Wikipedia

• WiMax, Mobile-Fi, HiperMan, HiperAccess


Carlos Pupiales Y. - 2018 10
Wireless Networks (5)
• WAN (Wide Area Networks)

• Large distances coverage.

• Support handover, high speed mobility.

• High capacity (Relatively)

Cellular Networks Satellite Networks

Source: www.udec.cl Source: www.jabasat.com

Carlos Pupiales Y. - 2018 11


Applications
Transportation
Smart Buildings
Systems

Personal Communications Wireless


Communications Networks Communications

Healthcare Services Smart Grid

From KTH University


Industry
Process

Carlos Pupiales Y. - 2018 12


Global Mobile Market

Source: GSMA

Carlos Pupiales Y. - 2018 13


Global Mobile Market (2)

Source: GSMA Intelligence


https://www.gsmaintelligence.com/research/2017/02/the-mobile-economy-2017/612/

Carlos Pupiales Y. - 2018 14


Local Mobile Market
ACTIVE SUBSCRIPTIONS PER TECHNOLOGY

18,000,000

16,000,000

14,000,000

12,000,000

10,000,000

8,000,000

6,000,000

4,000,000

2,000,000
688,357 544,313 389,834 102,115 75,179 83,748 3,009
0
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Ene 2018

CDMA GSM UMTS HSPA + LTE

Source: ARCOTEL

Carlos Pupiales Y. - 2018 15


IoT Market

Source: State of the Market:


Internet of things 2017, Verizon.

Carlos Pupiales Y. - 2018 16


Standard Bodies

• IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers.


• FCC: Federal Communications Commission.
• ITU-R: International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunications
Sector.
• Wi-Fi Alliance.
• 3GPP: Third Generation Partnership Project.
• ETSI: European Telecommunications Standards Institute.

Carlos Pupiales Y. - 2018 17


Carlos Pupiales Y. - 2018 18
Spectrum Bands

To know the possible uses for these


frequencies follow the link:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_sp
ectrum

Frequency distribution for


mobile operators in Ecuador

Carlos Pupiales Y. - 2018 19


Challenges
• Use of RF spectrum.
• Energy Consumption
• Coverage and Capacity
• Economic Requirements
• Social and Political Aspects
• Price of the offered services
• New services and offers.
• QoE
What are you willing to pay for?

Carlos Pupiales Y. - 2018 20


New Trends
• Internet of Things (IoT)
• http://www.ericsson.com/thecompany/our_publications/books/internet-
of-things
• Machine to Machine (M2M)
• http://www.vodafone.com/business/m2m#content
• 5G
• http://www.ericsson.com/research-blog/category/5g/
• Smart Cities
• http://cities.media.mit.edu/
Carlos Pupiales Y. - 2018 21
Extra Information
• Magazines:

• http://www.lightreading.com/

• http://www.heavyreading.com/

• http://www.pyramidresearch.com/

• Manufactures:

• Ericsson, Huawei, Alcatel-Lucent, Nokia, Cisco, Juniper, Motorola, Apple, etc.

• Operators:

• Telefonica, AT&T, Vodafone, China Mobile, Claro, Telstra, etc.

Carlos Pupiales Y. - 2018 22


You should know
• The importance of wireless communications vs wired
• Pros and Cons of wireless communications
• When to use a wireless network
• What kind of network use depending of the requirements and scenario
• What is the future of wireless communications
• How the RF spectrum is being used worldwide
• Future work for wireless communications
• Where to find updated news about wireless communications

Next time: A Brief of RF Principles


Carlos Pupiales Y. - 2018 23

You might also like