Xtrabackup Nutshell

www.fromdual.
com
Xtrabackup in a nutshell
FromDual
Annual company meeting 2013,
Greece
Abdel-Mawla Gharieb
MySQL Support Engineer at FromDual GmbH
abdel-mawla.gharieb@fromdual.com
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About FromDual GmbH (LLC) www.fromdual.com
● FromDual provides neutral and

independent:
● Consulting for MySQL
● Support for MySQL and Galera
● Remote-DBA Services
● MySQL Training
● Consulting partner of the Open Database
Alliance (ODBA.org)
● Oracle Silver Partner (OPN)
www.fromdual.com
2 / 26
Contents www.fromdual.com
Xtrabackup tool
➢
Full Database Backup
➢
Incremental Database
Backup
➢
Partial Database Backup
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www.fromdual.com
Full Database Backup
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Full Database Backup www.fromdual.com
● Create the backup files:

$shell>innobackupex --user=DBUSER --password=DBUSERPASS
--no-timestamp /path/to/BACKUP-DIR/full-backup
innobackupex: completed OK!
● “xtrabackup-checkpoints” file contents:

● backup_type = full-backuped
● from_lsn = 0
● to_lsn = 3768762
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● Prepare the backed up files:

$shell>innobackupex --user=DBUSER –-password=DBUSERPASS
–apply-log /path/to/BACKUP-DIR/full-backup
● To accelerate the backup preparation: “--use-memory=??G”.

● Ready to be restored.
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● Restore the full backup:

--copy-back /path/to/BACKUP-DIR/full-backup
OR
$shell> mv /path/to/BACKUP-DIR/full-backup /var/lib/mysql
Then, assign the right permissions to mysql user:
$shell> chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
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● Advantages:
● Fast & easy.

● Simple way to introduce new slave to the master.
● All Xtrabackup features supported.
● Disadvantages:
● Datadir contents should be completely replaced.

● Extracting one table or one database from the full backup is not
possible.
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● Important hints:
● Xtrabackup creates the backup folder.

● ib_logfile files size (Source & Destination).
● The MySQL user privileges:
● RELOAD
● LOCK TABLES
● REPLICATION CLIENT
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www.fromdual.com
Incremental Database Backup
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Incremental Database Backup www.fromdual.com
● Create the base backup:

--no-timestamp /path/to/BACKUP-DIR/full-backup

● backup_type = full-backuped
● from_lsn = 0
● to_lsn = 3768762
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● Create the first incremental backup:

--no-timestamp --incremental /path/to/BACKUP-DIR/INC1
--incremental-basedir=/path/to/BACKUP-DIR/full-backup

● backup_type = incremental
● from_lsn = 3768762
● to_lsn = 4908762
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● Create the second incremental backup:

--no-timestamp --incremental /path/to/BACKUP-DIR/INC2
--incremental-basedir=/path/to/BACKUP-DIR/INC1

● backup_type = incremental
● from_lsn = 4908762
● to_lsn = 6508762
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● Prepare the backup files:

1- Replay the committed transactions in the base backup

--apply-log --redo-only /path/to/BACKUP-DIR/full-backup

2- Replay the committed transactions in the 1st incremental backup

--incremental-dir=/path/to/BACKUP-DIR/INC1
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● Prepare the backup files:

3- Replay the committed transactions in the 2nd incremental backup
--incremental-dir=/path/to/BACKUP-DIR/INC2
4- Roll back all uncommited transactions

--apply-log /path/to/BACKUP-DIR/full-backup
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● Restore the full backup (incremental +

base):
--copy-back /path/to/BACKUP-DIR/full-backup

OR
$shell> mv /path/to/BACKUP-DIR/full-backup /var/lib/mysql
Then, assign the right permissions to mysql user:
$shell> chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
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● Advantages:
● Less storage resources needed.
● Faster than the full backup.
● Less processing time required.
● Disadvantages:
● Complicate and hard process to implement as compared to the full
backup.
● Based on Log Sequence Number (LSN), MyISAM doesn't affected.
● Appending all incrementals might consume time.
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● The backup sequence steps above, must be followed with the same
order.
● Replaying the committed transaction steps, append all incremental
data to the full backup directory.
● Not using “–redo-only” option.
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www.fromdual.com
Partial Database Backup
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Partial Database Backup www.fromdual.com
● Create the backup files:

--no-timestamp --databases=”db1 db2 db3.tbl1”
/path/to/BACKUP-DIR/partial-backup
● Prepare the backup files

--apply-log --export /path/to/BACKUP-DIR/partial-backup
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● Restore the partial backup:

1- Creating the tables:
mysql> CREATE TABLE db.tbl1 (...)ENGINE=INNODB;
2- Discard it's tablespace
mysql> ALTER TABLE db.tbl1 DISCARD TABLESPACE;
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● Restore the partial backup:

3- Copy “tbl1.ibd” and “tbl1.exp” files into the DB directory and assign the
right permissions to mysql user.
$shell> cp -R /path/to/BACKUP-DIR/partial-backup/db/tbl1.*
/var/lib/mysql/db
$shell> chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/
4- Use the new tablespace
mysql> ALTER TABLE db.tbl1 IMPORT TABLESPACE;
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● Advantages:
● Although it's a complicated process, but it allows us to backup and

restore individual InnoDB tables like MyISAM.
● Disadvantages:
● Streaming feature not supportted.

● Destination server should use Percona Server.
● Too much effort in the restore.
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● Empty datadir can be used.

● “innodb_file_per_table” server option must be enabled (in both
source and destination servers) .
● “innodb_expand_import” server option must be enabled in the
destination server (available only in Percona server) .
● Alternative options:
● --include='db.tbl1'
● --tables-file=/path/to/file.txt ==> in which you can add multiple
tables one per line in the fully qualified format.
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● Download:
http://www.percona.com/downloads/XtraBackup/
● Installation Manual:
http://www.percona.com/doc/percona-xtrabackup/2.1/installation.html
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Q&A www.fromdual.com
Questions ?
Discussion?
We have time for some face-to-face talks...

● FromDual provides neutral and independent:
● Consulting
● Remote-DBA
● Support for MySQL, Galera, Percona Server and MariaDB
● Training
www.fromdual.com/presentations
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www.fromdual.

● FromDual provides neutral and

Full Database Backup

● Create the backup files:

innobackupex: completed OK!

● “xtrabackup-checkpoints” file contents:

● Prepare the backed up files:

innobackupex: completed OK!

● To accelerate the backup preparation: “--use-memory=??G”.

● Restore the full backup:

innobackupex: completed OK!

$shell> mv /path/to/BACKUP-DIR/full-backup /var/lib/mysql

Then, assign the right permissions to mysql user:

$shell> chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql

● Fast & easy.

● Datadir contents should be completely replaced.

● Xtrabackup creates the backup folder.

Incremental Database Backup

● Create the base backup:

innobackupex: completed OK!

● “xtrabackup-checkpoints” file contents:

● Create the first incremental backup:

innobackupex: completed OK!

● “xtrabackup-checkpoints” file contents:

● Create the second incremental backup:

innobackupex: completed OK!

● “xtrabackup-checkpoints” file contents:

● Prepare the backup files:

$shell>innobackupex --user=DBUSER --password=DBUSERPASS

innobackupex: completed OK!

$shell>innobackupex --user=DBUSER --password=DBUSERPASS

innobackupex: completed OK!

● Prepare the backup files:

innobackupex: completed OK!

4- Roll back all uncommited transactions

$shell>innobackupex --user=DBUSER --password=DBUSERPASS

innobackupex: completed OK!

● Restore the full backup (incremental +

innobackupex: completed OK!

$shell> mv /path/to/BACKUP-DIR/full-backup /var/lib/mysql

Then, assign the right permissions to mysql user:

$shell> chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql

Partial Database Backup

● Create the backup files:

innobackupex: completed OK!

● Prepare the backup files

innobackupex: completed OK!

● Restore the partial backup:

mysql> CREATE TABLE db.tbl1 (...)ENGINE=INNODB;

2- Discard it's tablespace

mysql> ALTER TABLE db.tbl1 DISCARD TABLESPACE;

● Restore the partial backup:

4- Use the new tablespace

mysql> ALTER TABLE db.tbl1 IMPORT TABLESPACE;

● Although it's a complicated process, but it allows us to backup and

● Streaming feature not supportted.

● Empty datadir can be used.

We have time for some face-to-face talks...

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