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Area : Primary Building - 3780m2 Total Dead load on plan area = 5.6 + 6.4 = 12 kg/m2
Secondary Building - 360m2 Dead load on Rigid frame = Total dead load on plan
Total Building - 4176m2 area * Bay Spacing = 0.12 kN/m2 * 6m
Length : 63m = 0.72 kN/m
Width : Primary Building - 60m (Clear Side Cladding load same as dead load w.r.t different
span) effective width.
Secondary Building - 6m B. Live Load
Total Building - 72m For single-story metal building systems, roof live
Eave height : 23.15m load, essentially an allowance for the roof loading
Ridge angle : CSB - 1in4 during its construction and maintenance. According
PEB - 1in10 to IS: 875 (Part 2) – 1987, for roof with no access
Comparative study - 1in5, 1in6, 1in7.5, 1in10, provided, the live load can be taken as 0.75 kN/m2
1in15, 1in20 Total Live load on plan area = 0.75 kN/m2
Bay spacing : CSB/PEB – 6m Live load on Rigid frame = Total Live load on plan
Comparative study - 6m, 6.667m, 7.5m, 8.57m area * Bay Spacing = 0.75 kN/m2 * 6m
Crane Capacity : 5t = 4.5 kN/m
Purlin spacing : 1.2m C. Collateral Load
Grade of steel : 350 Mpa Collateral or superimposed dead load is a specific
type of dead load that includes the weight of any
materials other than the permanent construction.
Total Collateral load on plan area = 0.05kN/m2
Collateral load on Rigid frame = Total collateral
load on plan area * Bay spacing = 0.05 kN/m2 * 6m
= 0.3 kN/m
D. Earthquake Load
Zone = III
Zone factor (Z) = 0.16
Important Factor (I) =1
Response Reduction Factor (R) =5
E. Crane Load
Figure 1 – Geometric view of PEB
A. Material A Double girder EOT crane with a capacity of 5t and
The yield strength of material used for PEB structure self weight of 92t is used in Hangar for aircraft
is 350Mpa whose density is 7850kg/m3 and Young’s maintenance, lifting heavy materials from one point
modulus (E) is 2.0 x1011 N/m2. to another. The cranes are supported by crane bridge
B. Modelling end trucks bearing on rails that are supported on the
Analysis is performed using STAAD PRO V8i. A top of the crane beams.
Table I - Crane load combinations
total of 152 load combinations as per IS 875
consisting of dead, live, collateral, wind, earthquake Case Vertical Crane Horizontal
Live Load (kN) Crane Live
and crane loads are considered. The structure is
Left Right Load (kN)
designed for parameters as mentioned earlier; the
corbel corbel
ridge angle (θ), bay spacing (B) are varied i.e at a CL1 418.5 346.5 15
time one is varied keeping the remaining constant. CL2 346.5 418.5 15
The combination of parameters which gives the low CL3 418.5 346.5 -15
quantity of steel are noted. CL4 346.5 418.5 -15
III. LOAD CALCULATION
F. Wind Load
A. Dead Load Wind load is calculated as per IS: 875 (Part 3) –
Dead load comprises of self-weight of the structure, 2015. For side walls, the wind load is applied as
weights of roofing, steel sheets, purlins, sag rods, uniformly distributed loads acting inward or
bracings and other accessories. outward to the walls according to the wind case. The
Roof Sheet – GI Sheet with unit weight of 5.6 kg/m2 wind load over the roof can be provided as uniformly
Purlin - Assuming purlin unit weight of 6.4 kg/m2 distributed load acting outward over the PEB rafter.
Basic Wind speed (Vb) = 50 m/sec Table II – Output Comparison CSB vs PEB
Risk coefficient (k1) = 1
Terrain & Height factor for category 2 (k2) = 1.08 CSB PEB
Topography factor (k3) = 1 Maximum Value of Reaction
Importance factor for cyclonic region (k4) = 1 at Support (kN) 1485 1311
Design wind speed, Vz = Vb * k1 * k2 * k3 * k4 Maximum Value of Moment
= 50 * 1 * 1.08 * 1 * 1 = 54 m/s at Support (kNm) 2291 1776
Maximum Value of Moment
Wind pressure, pz = 0.6 * Vz2 = 0.6 *542
at Beam Rafter Junction
= 1.75 kN/m2 (kNm) 2871 3700
Design wind pressure, pd = Kd * Ka * Kc* pz Maximum Value of Moment
Wind directionality factor (Kd) =0.9 at Ridge of Rafter (kNm) 840 1636
Area averaging factor (Ka) = 0.8
Combination factor (Kc) = 0.9 Steel Consumption (t) 510 427
Design wind pressure, pd = 0.9 * 0.8 * 0.9 * 1.75 Deflection in CSB is less due to the frame depth of
= 1.13 kN/m2 or 1.225 kN/m2 (pd should not be less 2m and the 1in4 slope of ridge. The deflection limit
than 0.7pz) for vertical and lateral deflection as per IS 800:2007
is as given below:
IV. ANALYSIS RESULTS Allowable Lateral deflection limit =
A comparative study is carried out from the analysis Eave Height/150 = 23150/150 = 154.3 mm
results. Each structure is compared and discussed Allowable Vertical deflection limit = Span/ 180
considering certain parameters such as reaction and = 60000/180 = 333.3 mm
bending moment at support, bending moment at Table III – Deflection Comparison CSB vs PEB
beam rafter junction, bending moment at ridge of
Deflection
rafter, steel takeoff and deflection. Detailed Allowable
Deflection values from
description of each structure is given below. Deflection
Check STAAD (mm)
(mm)
CSB PEB
A. CSB VS PEB Lateral
The CSB has a constant frame depth of 2m. The PEB 154.3 36.8 83.3
Deflection
in other hand has a frame depth varying from 0.75m Vertical
333.3 104 210
to 2m depending on the BM. Both the structures Deflection
have been braced on 4 bays out of 10.
B. PEB WITH FIXED SUPPORT VS PEB WITH
PINNED SUPPORT
For a height of 23.15m to control deflection fixed
support is adopted. The structure is designed with
pinned support and studied for comparative purpose.
Both these structures have the same frame depth.
PEB with fixed support is braced on 4 bays out of
10. While the pinned base is braced on 6 bays out of
10 to control deflection. Rendered view of PEB is
Figure 2 –Rendered view of CSB same as Figure 3(Fixed).