Fluid Mechanics-I Lab (MEEN 2217)

Assignment

Title: Write down the types of valves and

their loss factors.

Abdullah Pervaiz

ME172072

09-02-2019

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Valves

Mechanical devices that are used in industrial piping for flow control by varying the pipe
opening in three positions.

a) Fully opening
b) Fully closed and
c) Throttling

Types of valves

Types of valves are given below.

1. Gate valve
It is also called Complete Open / Close Emergency Shut Down. Gate valves are used when a
straight-line flow of fluid and minimum restriction is desired. The gate is usually wedge
shaped. When the valve is wide open, the gate is fully drawn up into the valve, leaving an
opening for flow through the valve the same size as the pipe in which the valve is installed.
Therefore, there is little pressure drop or flow restriction through the valve. Gate valves are
not suitable for throttling purposes since the control of flow would be difficult due to valve
design and since the flow of fluid slapping against a partially open gate can cause extensive
damage to the valve. Except as specifically authorized, gate valves should not be used for
throttling.

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2. Globe valve
Globe valves are probably the most common ones. The globe valve derives its name from the
globular shape of the valve body. However, positive identification of a globe valve must be
made internally because other valve types may have globular appearing bodies. Globe valve
inlet and outlet openings are arranged in several ways to suit varying requirements of flow.
Figure 1 shows the common types of globe valve bodies: straight-flow, angle flow, and cross-
flow. Globe valves are used extensively throughout the engineering plant and other parts of
the ship in a variety of systems.

3. Butterfly valve
The butterfly valve, one type of which is shown in figure 3, may be used in a variety of systems
aboard ship. These valves can be used effectively in freshwater, saltwater, lube oil, and chill
water systems aboard ship. The butterfly valve is light in weight, relatively small, quick-acting,
and provides positive shut-off, and can be used for throttling.

The butterfly valve has a body, a resilient seat, a butterfly disk, a stem, packing, a notched
positioning plate, and a handle. The resilient seat is under compression when it is mounted in
the valve body, thus making a seal around the periphery of the disk and both upper and lower

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points where the stem passes through the seat. Packing is provided to form a positive seal
around the stem for added protection in case the seal formed by the seat should become
damaged.

Butterfly valves are relatively easy to maintain. The resilient seat is held in place by
mechanical means, and neither bonding nor cementing is necessary. As the seat is replaceable,
the valve seat does not require lapping, grinding, or machine work.

4.

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